129:
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482:
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622:
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869:. The Ashtabhairavas (the eight Bhairava) are housed in the Valampuri mandapa in the temple. The images along with the inscriptions indicate Bhairava worship from the late 16th century. The eight Bhairavas in the group include Asitanga, Visalaksa, Marrtanda, Modakapriya, Svachanda, Vignasantusa, Khechera and Sarcaracara. The images are sported with trident, hand-drum, noose and sword.
561:. The group of servitors wore tuft on top of their head with a tilt towards right, as seen in all murals and statues of sambandar and also finds mention in the related hagiographies of that period and also of the later periods like that of arunagirinathar. According to legend, when Sambandar was three years old his parents took him to the Shiva temple where Shiva and his consort
345:
is believed to have worshiped Shiva here, giving the name "Bhramapureeswarar" (the one worshipped by Brahma) and so the region is also referred as "Bhramapureeswaram". The town is thus called "Sattainathapuram", which in modern times, is a suburb within
Sirkazhi. The town was known as "Kalumalam"
646:
community, a
Brahmin sub-caste. The temple rituals are performed six times a day; Ushathkalam at 5:30 a.m., Kalasanthi at 8:00 a.m., Uchikalam at 10:00 a.m., Sayarakshai at 6:00 p.m., Irandamkalam at 8:00 p.m. and Ardha Jamam at 10:00 p.m. Each ritual comprises four
266:, hence the name Thoniappar. Sattainathar/Vatukanathar is also housed here. There are 22 water bodies associated with this shrine. Three different forms of Shiva are worshipped here, the Shivalingam (Bhrammapureeswarar), a colossal image of Uma Maheswarar (Toniappar) at the medium level, and
321:
In ancient times, this town had twelve different names, including
Brahmapuram, Venupuram, Thonipuram, Kazhumalam, Pugali, Sirkazhiswaram and Shri Kali. As per popular belief, Kali is believed to have worshipped the presiding deity, Brahmapureeswarar, and thus the place came to be known as
894:
Mayaka
Kshetras are the places where Lord Brahma was reduced to ashes by Lord Shiva. Five such places are - Kasi (Varanasi) Mayanam, Kacchi (Kanchipuram) Mayanam; Kazhi (Sirkazhi) Mayanam, Nallur (Thirunallur) Mayanam and Kadavur (Thirukadaiyur) Mayanam.
1422:
Illustrated Guide to the South Indian
Railway (Incorporated in England): Including the Tanjore District Board, Pondicherry, Peralam-Karaikkal, Travancore State, Cochin State, Coimbatore District Board, Tinnevelly-Tiruchendur, and the Nilgiri
426:
included the shrine of
Bhrammapureeswarar, on the southern bund of the temple tank; the Tonniappar shrine on a mound west of the central shrine, and the Sattanathar shrine in the second floor reached from the southern
565:
appeared before the child. The goddess nursed him at her breast. His father saw drops of milk on the child's mouth and asked who had fed him, whereupon the boy pointed to the sky and responded with the song
755:
suckling the child
Sambandar when he was crying for milk. Shiva is worshipped in three different forms; the Shivalingam (Bhrammapureeswarar), Uma Maheswarar (Toniappar) at the middle level, and
422:
on the outer walls of the enclosure. The porch on the entrance from the second to the first prakara date back to 10th to 11th century. The original shrine during the period of the
811:
2078:
341:
in Tamil). The presiding deity in the temple, Shiva, is thus called "Thoniappar" (the one who carried the raft) and the region is called "Thonipuram". The Hindu god
879:. He spent his early years as a rioter and seducer of women. After ruining his health, he tried to commit suicide by throwing himself from the northern tower of
2978:
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891:. Arunagirinathar visited various Murugan temples and on his way back to Tiruvannamalai, visited the temple and sung praises about Murugan in the temple.
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hymns from then on, commencing with "Todudaiya
Seviyan". Sambandar refers the town as "Kazhi" in his verses. It was called Shiyali during
333:
According to Tamil legend, during one of the biggest deluges that submerged the planet earth, Tamil god Shiva is said to have carried the
46:
3108:
779:
431:(outer courtyard) of the Toniappar shrine by a flight of steps. The enlargement of the original temple happened during the period of
1366:(20191029). Freer Gallery of Art, The Smithsonian Institution and Department of the History of Art, University of Michigan: 78–112.
3103:
2940:
2024:
1599:
1491:
S., Anuradha (2012). "Historical and iconographical study of
Ashtabhairava images in Sri Sattanathaswami temple in Sirkazhi".
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temples) are located at seven cardinal points around the temple, located in various parts of the state. The seven deities are
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642:(rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. Like other Shiva temples of Tamil Nadu, the priests belong to the
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poet-saint of Tamil Nadu who lived around the 7th century CE. He is one of the most prominent of the sixty-three
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1966:
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1936:
1513:
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1334:
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1420:
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or monastic institution located in the town of
Mayiladuthurai, India. As of 1987, there were a total of 27
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read by priests and prostration by worshippers in front of the temple mast. There are weekly rituals like
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1946:
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586:, praising him as a gifted Tamil child (Tamil sisu) who was fed with milk of divine gnosis by goddess
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2904:
2009:
1961:
1852:
1786:
915:
859:
823:
284:, a Saiva canonic literature on Shiva and became one of the most revered Saiva poets in South India.
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The Bhramapureeswarar shrine is housed in the lower level. Brahmapureeswarar is accompanied by Ambal
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574:. At his investiture with the sacred thread, at the age of seven, he is said to have expounded the
887:. He became a staunch devotee and composed Tamil hymns glorifying Murugan, the most notable being
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2014:
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663:(waving of lamps) for all the three Shiva shrines. The worship is held amidst music with
440:
354:, as an infant is believed to have been fed with the milk of wisdom by the divine mother
771:(as in Chidambaram – 11th through the 13th centuries). Every year in the Tamil month of
759:(Sattanathar) at the upper level. The original temple was enlarged during the period of
3207:
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1857:
1814:
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1500:
1377:
1296:
Ancient India: Collected Essays on the Literary and Political History of Southern India
760:
432:
251:. It is an ancient temple complex with three different Shiva shrines in three stories.
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on the banks of the temple tank. The child Sambandar started singing the anthology of
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2019:
2004:
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saints who lived between the sixth and the tenth centuries CE. Sambandar's hymns to
270:(Sattanathar) at the upper level. The temple is associated with the legend of child
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1989:
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who lived in the subsequent century has also referred to sambandar in one hymn of
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1999:
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in the form of Sthira Sundari is located in the basement in a separate shrine.
61:
416:(courtyards) with high walls of enclosure. There are two sets of seven-tiered
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1941:
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579:
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177:
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1984:
745:, the foremost Saivite saints of 7th–eighth century CE and is classified as
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402:
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30:
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and thousands of devotees come to pay homage to the deities. The image of
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2483:
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2139:
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1994:
1834:
1700:
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1644:
1634:
1624:
1120:
1118:
799:
448:
365:
1504:
1381:
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2713:
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2549:
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2192:
2064:
1705:
1672:
827:
665:
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751:. There is a separate shrine for Sambandar celebrating the miracle of
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2537:
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2301:
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1690:
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was born to Sivapada Hrudiyar and his wife Bhagavathiar who lived in
546:
531:
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491:
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271:
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in Tamil. The second-level houses Periyanakar with Periyanayaki on a
1478:(Report). Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited
865:
Thoniappar, enshrined in Grivakostha in Thonimalai, is an aspect of
278:
on the banks of the temple tank. The child later went on to compose
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2502:
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2408:
2368:
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2212:
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1710:
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Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited (2009).
866:
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791:
756:
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742:
703:
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643:
558:
557:. They were a saivite Brahmins who at that point of time professed
550:
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412:
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275:
267:
242:
80:
51:
1064:
Later Chola temples: Kulottunga I to Rajendra III (A.D. 1070-1280)
451:- 11th through the 13th centuries). The temple is a holy site for
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96:
1577:
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2498:
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2403:
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2165:
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925:
City Corporate cum Business Plan for Sirkazhi Municipality 2009
819:
342:
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2522:
2441:
2373:
2333:
2318:
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2170:
1388:
1135:
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787:
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540:
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387:
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were later collected to form the first three volumes of the
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2262:
2252:
2232:
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1546:(1st ed.). Chennai, India: Institute of Asian Studies.
1090:"A New Pandya Record and the Dates of Nayanmars and Alvars"
575:
1473:
City Corporate cum Business Plan for Sirkazhi Municipality
1130:
782:
is the centre of all Shiva temples in the region and the
1397:
1226:
1124:
1238:
675:(percussion instrument), religious instructions in the
1419:
Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway (1926).
1356:"THE TAMIL GOPURA: From Temple Gateway to Global Icon"
1250:
1194:
Narayanaswami (April 1987). "Jyothirmaya Mahalingam".
1066:
S. R. Balasubrahmanyam, Balasubrahmanyam Venkataraman.
1030:
966:
964:
939:
937:
935:
933:
1262:
1198:(in Tamil). Coimbatore: Om Sakthi Publications: 34–5.
1018:
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979:
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The temple is mentioned in the Saiva canonical work,
135:
1047:
1045:
996:
994:
1214:
961:
949:
930:
1152:Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway 1926
976:
1398:Kodayanallur Vanamamalai, Soundara Rajan (2001).
1202:
1042:
991:
3225:
1069:
775:(April – May), a 10-day festival is celebrated.
2956:Amritaghateswarar-Abirami Temple,Thirukkadaiyur
1537:(1st ed.). Kanniyakumari: Harikumar Arts.
3005:
2636:
2120:
1593:
1111:Encyclopaedia of Jainism, Volume 1, page 5468
315:Walls of the temple around the third precinct
1313:
1139:
689:
681:
241:. The temple is incarnated by the hymns of
2650:
2134:
1426:. Asian Educational Services. p. 217.
1087:
79:Bhramapureeswarar, Thoniappar Periyanayagi(
3012:
2998:
2643:
2629:
2127:
2113:
1600:
1586:
1493:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
29:
1404:. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
1401:Concise classified dictionary of Hinduism
1393:. Tamil Nadu: Controller of Publications.
1371:
1339:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services.
1299:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services.
1293:Aiyangar, Sakkottai Krishnaswami (1911).
1284:
1268:
1170:. Chennai: T. Krishna Press. p. 53.
911:Census of India, 1961, Volume 7; Volume 9
3234:Shiva temples in Mayiladuthurai district
1550:
1544:Tamil traditions on Subramanya - Murugan
1541:
1391:Census of India, 1991: Thanjavur (pt. A)
1353:
1292:
1256:
1244:
1036:
1024:
401:
2941:Mayuranathaswami Temple, Mayiladuthurai
2055:Temple in the Sea (Trinidad and Tobago)
1189:
1187:
1157:
804:Chandikeswarar temple at Tirucheingalur
724:
287:
3226:
1440:
1389:Director of Census operations (1991).
943:
875:was a 15th-century Tamil poet born in
462:
2993:
2624:
2108:
1581:
1332:
1232:
985:
970:
1511:
1499:. Indian History Congress: 431–437.
1220:
1184:
1164:Tourist guide to Tamil Nadu (2007).
1081:
1000:
883:, but was saved by the grace of god
406:The central shrine with three levels
274:who is believed to have been fed by
1557:, Netherlands: E.J. Brill, Leiden,
1518:. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications.
1451:
955:
780:Mahalingaswamy at Thiruvidaimarudur
13:
3019:
1554:Tamil literature, Volume 2, Part 1
1532:
1490:
1452:Rao, A.V.Shankaranarayana (2012).
1441:Pillai, M. S. Purnalingam (1904).
1208:
1075:
1051:
1013:Director of Census operations 1991
14:
3255:
1607:
1573:
1336:South Indian shrines: illustrated
856:Apatsahayesvarar Temple, Alangudi
390:temples under the control of the
2278:
2025:Kokkadicholai Thaanthonreeswaram
1729:Emarald/Rathinam, Thiruvalangadu
620:
611:
602:
480:
471:
305:
296:
134:
127:
2060:Tribhuvanamāhesvaram (Cambodia)
1057:
636:The temple priests perform the
535:, the religious canon of Tamil
397:
346:during the early Chola period.
256:Sthira sundari/Thiripurasundari
1333:Ayyar, P. V. Jagadisa (1991).
1314:Anantharaman, Ambujam (2006).
904:
498:and the child becoming a saint
1:
2946:Sattainathar Temple, Sirkazhi
1373:10.3998/ars.13441566.0045.004
1277:
1125:Kodayanallur Vanamamalai 2001
786:(seven prime consorts in all
778:According to a Hindu legend,
372:, it was renamed "Sirkazhi".
211:Sattainathar temple, Sirkazhi
2010:Kadhalishwaram ruins (China)
1444:A Primer of Tamil Literature
1163:
593:
375:The temple is maintained by
350:, the seventh century Saiva
7:
1542:Zvelebil, Kamil V. (1991).
1167:Tourist guide to Tamil Nadu
796:Chidambaram Nataraja Temple
701:and monthly festivals like
695:, fortnightly rituals like
690:
682:
539:. He was a contemporary of
16:Temple in Tamil Nadu, India
10:
3260:
1512:V.K., Subramanian (2007).
1354:Branfoot, Crispin (2015).
834:in Sattainathar Temple at
326:, which went on to become
3086:
3027:
2974:
2923:
2852:
2831:
2810:
2774:
2743:
2722:
2706:
2690:
2674:
2658:
2600:
2511:
2429:
2287:
2276:
2146:
1975:
1917:275 Paadal Petra Sthalams
1907:
1833:
1795:
1757:
1749:Art/Chithiram, Courtallam
1719:
1681:
1643:
1615:
860:Alangudi, Papanasam taluk
824:Swamimalai Murugan Temple
570:- the first verse of the
198:
193:
154:
122:
112:
102:
92:
87:
67:
57:
45:
40:
28:
23:
3189:Thiruvaikunda Vinnagaram
3184:Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam
2584:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
2093:Kamphaeng Phet province
2079:Hx thewalay kestr phiman
2045:Sivan temple (Singapore)
2015:Kethishwaram (Sri Lanka)
1990:Fire temple (Azerbaijan)
1551:Zvelebil, Kamil (1975),
1286:"Sattanathaswamy temple"
898:
215:Brahmapureeswarar temple
3144:Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram
2936:Kazheesirama Vinnagaram
2652:Mayiladuthurai district
2040:Shivagraham (Indonesia)
2020:Koneshwaram (Sri Lanka)
1995:Ganga Talao (Mauritius)
1985:Bhadreshwaram (Vietnam)
1777:Thiruvanaikaval (Water)
1744:Copper/Thamiram, Nellai
1447:. Madras: Ananda Press.
1193:
812:Vellai Vinayagar Temple
784:Saptha Vigraha moorthis
543:, another Saiva saint.
1535:Temples in South India
1456:. Vasan Publications.
1316:Temples of South India
669:(pipe instrument) and
630:Gopurams of the temple
410:The temple has a vast
407:
203:Dravidian architecture
156:Geographic coordinates
3194:Thiruvanpurushothamam
3169:Thiruppaarththanpalli
2659:District headquarters
2065:Thewasathan Bot Phram
2035:Pashupatinath (Nepal)
1772:Tiruvannamalai (Fire)
1739:Silver/Velli, Madurai
1454:Temples of Tamil Nadu
735:Thirugnana Sambanthar
405:
245:and is classified as
35:Gopuram of the temple
3179:Thiruthevanartthogai
3099:Dharmapuram Adheenam
2050:Sthūlādri (Thailand)
2005:Katas Raj (Pakistan)
2000:Iraivan temple (USA)
1782:Chidambaram (Ether)
1759:Panchabhuta Sthalams
1515:101 Mystics of India
1092:. Tamil Arts Academy
769:Kulothunga Chola III
748:Paadal Petra Sthalam
725:Religious importance
717:(full moon day) and
659:(food offering) and
445:Kulothunga Chola III
377:Dharmapuram Adheenam
288:Etymology and origin
248:Paadal Petra Sthalam
225:temple dedicated to
3174:Thiruthetriyambalam
2030:Mt. Kailash (Tibet)
1835:Jyotirlinga Sthalas
1787:Srikalahasthi (Air)
1767:Kanchipuram (Earth)
1683:Pancharama Kshetras
1318:. East West books.
1235:, pp. 191–203.
881:Annamalaiyar Temple
765:Kulothunga Chola II
463:Tirugnana Sambandar
441:Kulothunga Chola II
348:Thirugnanasambandar
174: /
24:Sattainathar Temple
3239:Padal Petra Stalam
3208:Vaitheeswaran Koil
2966:Vaitheeswaran Koil
2924:Places of interest
2905:Thanjavur Marathas
2895:Vijayanagar Empire
2083:Sukhothai province
1533:V., Meena (1974).
1288:. Dinamalar. 2012.
761:Kulothunga Chola I
578:with clarity. Sri
433:Kulothunga Chola I
408:
337:on a raft (called
3221:
3220:
3154:Thirukkavalampadi
3139:Swetharanyeswarar
3094:Amritaghateswarar
2987:
2986:
2890:Madurai Sultanate
2618:
2617:
2102:
2101:
1734:Gold/Pon, Thillai
1617:Trilinga Kshetras
1525:978-81-7017-471-4
1463:978-81-8468-112-3
1177:978-81-7478-177-2
1154:, pp. 50–51.
1140:Anantharaman 2006
1088:Dr. R. Nagasamy.
958:, pp. 20–23.
844:Sooriyanar Temple
763:, Vikrama Chola,
219:Thoniappar temple
208:
207:
178:11.233°N 79.733°E
3251:
3244:Bhairava temples
3199:Thiruvellakkulam
3159:Thirumanikkoodam
3149:Thiruchsemponsey
3104:Mayuranathaswami
3035:Revenue Division
3014:
3007:
3000:
2991:
2990:
2979:Cities and towns
2900:Thanjavur Nayaks
2645:
2638:
2631:
2622:
2621:
2282:
2129:
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2089:Hx Phar Ishvaran
1873:Kashi Vishvanath
1602:
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1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1191:
1182:
1181:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1128:
1122:
1113:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
998:
989:
983:
974:
968:
959:
953:
947:
941:
928:
922:
913:
908:
816:Thiruvalanchuzhi
739:Tirunavukkarasar
707:(new moon day),
693:
685:
624:
615:
606:
584:Soundarya Lahari
568:Todudaya Seviyan
484:
475:
309:
300:
260:Thirunilainayaki
189:
188:
186:
185:
184:
179:
175:
172:
171:
170:
167:
138:
137:
131:
33:
21:
20:
3259:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3109:Nagannathaswamy
3082:
3023:
3018:
2988:
2983:
2970:
2919:
2885:Delhi Sultanate
2875:Medieval Cholas
2848:
2827:
2806:
2770:
2739:
2718:
2702:
2686:
2670:
2654:
2649:
2619:
2614:
2610:Hindu mythology
2596:
2507:
2425:
2283:
2274:
2142:
2133:
2103:
2098:
1971:
1903:
1875:
1829:
1791:
1753:
1715:
1677:
1668:Madhyamaheshwar
1639:
1611:
1606:
1576:
1571:
1565:
1526:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1464:
1434:
1412:
1347:
1326:
1307:
1280:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1207:
1203:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1162:
1158:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1131:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1105:
1095:
1093:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1023:
1019:
1011:
1007:
999:
992:
984:
977:
969:
962:
954:
950:
942:
931:
923:
916:
909:
905:
901:
873:Arunagirinathar
852:Dakshinamoorthy
727:
651:(sacred bath),
634:
633:
632:
631:
627:
626:
625:
617:
616:
608:
607:
596:
537:Saiva Siddhanta
502:
501:
500:
499:
487:
486:
485:
477:
476:
465:
400:
319:
318:
317:
316:
312:
311:
310:
302:
301:
290:
182:
180:
176:
173:
168:
165:
163:
161:
160:
150:
149:
148:
147:
141:
140:
139:
78:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3257:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3164:Thirumanimadam
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3134:Sivalokanathar
3131:
3129:Sayavaneswarar
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3073:Thirukkadaiyur
3070:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3021:Mayiladuthurai
3017:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2994:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2818:Mayiladuthurai
2814:
2812:
2811:Municipalities
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2787:Mayiladuthurai
2784:
2778:
2776:
2775:Revenue blocks
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2756:Mayiladuthurai
2753:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2730:Mayiladuthurai
2726:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2666:Mayiladuthurai
2662:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2625:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2564:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2519:
2517:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2293:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2132:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2086:
2076:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:Brihadeeswaram
1919:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1801:
1799:
1797:Pancheshwarams
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1687:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1645:Pancha Kedaras
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1582:
1575:
1574:External links
1572:
1570:
1569:
1563:
1548:
1539:
1530:
1524:
1509:
1488:
1468:
1462:
1449:
1438:
1432:
1416:
1410:
1395:
1386:
1360:Ars Orientalis
1351:
1345:
1330:
1324:
1311:
1305:
1290:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1269:Dinamalar 2012
1261:
1249:
1247:, p. 217.
1237:
1225:
1223:, p. 109.
1213:
1211:, p. 431.
1201:
1183:
1176:
1156:
1144:
1129:
1114:
1103:
1080:
1068:
1056:
1054:, p. 433.
1041:
1029:
1017:
1005:
990:
975:
973:, p. 244.
960:
948:
929:
914:
902:
900:
897:
877:Tiruvannamalai
848:Suryanar Kovil
726:
723:
661:deepa aradanai
655:(decoration),
629:
628:
619:
618:
610:
609:
601:
600:
599:
598:
597:
595:
592:
489:
488:
479:
478:
470:
469:
468:
467:
466:
464:
461:
399:
396:
314:
313:
304:
303:
295:
294:
293:
292:
291:
289:
286:
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
191:
190:
183:11.233; 79.733
158:
152:
151:
142:
133:
132:
126:
125:
124:
123:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
85:
84:
71:
65:
64:
62:Mayiladuthurai
59:
55:
54:
49:
43:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3256:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3114:Nangur Vishnu
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3065:Tharangambadi
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3028:Neighborhoods
3026:
3022:
3015:
3010:
3008:
3003:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:Tharangambadi
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2931:Fort Dansborg
2929:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2766:Tharangambadi
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2646:
2641:
2639:
2634:
2632:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2575:Bhagavad Gita
2572:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2510:
2504:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:Other deities
2428:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2136:Hindu deities
2130:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2069:sao ching cha
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1942:Kudalasangama
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1879:Trimbakeshwar
1877:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1853:Mahakaleshwar
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1826:
1825:Thondeshwaram
1823:
1821:
1820:Naguleshwaram
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1721:Pancha Sabhas
1718:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:Shiva temples
1603:
1598:
1596:
1591:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1566:
1564:90-04-04190-7
1560:
1556:
1555:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1433:81-206-1889-0
1429:
1425:
1424:
1417:
1413:
1411:81-7022-857-3
1407:
1403:
1402:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1346:81-206-0151-3
1342:
1338:
1337:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1306:81-206-1850-5
1302:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1270:
1265:
1259:, p. 53.
1258:
1257:Zvelebil 1991
1253:
1246:
1245:Zvelebil 1975
1241:
1234:
1229:
1222:
1217:
1210:
1205:
1197:
1190:
1188:
1179:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1153:
1148:
1142:, p. 46.
1141:
1136:
1134:
1127:, p. 47.
1126:
1121:
1119:
1112:
1107:
1091:
1084:
1078:, p. 39.
1077:
1072:
1065:
1060:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1039:, p. 95.
1038:
1037:Branfoot 2015
1033:
1027:, p. 92.
1026:
1025:Aiyangar 1911
1021:
1015:, p. 55.
1014:
1009:
1003:, p. 45.
1002:
997:
995:
988:, p. 42.
987:
982:
980:
972:
967:
965:
957:
952:
946:, p. 91.
945:
940:
938:
936:
934:
926:
921:
919:
912:
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1957:Thiruvarur
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1962:Khajuraho
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1967:More...
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1209:S. 2012
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