1415:
656:... while there was a total lack of highways or navigable streams leading to the region. Small quantities of coal were mined, but people were slow to appreciate its value, and it required vigorous exertions to induce them to attempt to use it. Its very appearance was against it, and the majority of persons approached were entirely incredulous as to its being anything else than a stone, incapable of being burned by any inherent qualities it possessed. Not only the coal but the fact that it was coal had to be discovered. Even as late as the year 1812, when it was sought to secure an act authorizing the improvement of the Schuylkill river in order to convey coal to Philadelphia, the representative of Schuylkill County in the state senate declared there was no coal in his district; that there was a kind of black stone that was called coal, but that it would not burn!
1391:
1403:
1379:
2459:
1060:
577:
165:
1372:
Schuylkill River Trail along the towpath of the watered portion of the Oakes Reach. It was expected that the towpath restoration itself would commence around March 2009. Restoration of the canal towpath between
Longford Road and Mont Clare is now complete. However, this one-mile-long segment of Schuylkill River Trail is a narrow crushed-stone path, designed for pedestrians and slower bicycles. Cyclists who prefer higher speeds are encouraged to ride on parallel Walnut Street, rather than the Longford Road-to-Mont Clare section of tow-path.
863:
190:
1250:
2946:
1258:
585:
2956:
28:
2466:
1052:
786:
197:
172:
678:, who were anxious to secure a reliable source of fuel for their mills. Early on in the board meetings of the new corporation they'd quarreled with others over the funding, timings, and tasks necessary and when they could not prevail to speed the project, immediately explored the option of making a navigation on the
1414:
1032:. Ruins and remnants of the canals structure are still visible along its length. Many of the locks chambers still exist but are buried to varying degrees. Some of the locktender's houses still exist. Even if filled in, the canal's presence in many river communities is memorialized by several Canal Streets.
1596:
almost immediately, so the principals immediately dispatched the two projects workmen, both river navvy's and mine improvement teams had been told off and hired over the winter. Within a week, they'd teams of workers heading up the Lehigh to begin necessary works. Two months later, they'd legally formed the
1108:
On
December 30, 2017 what is thought to be the non-mechanized, human powered speed record was set on the Oakes Reach by Todd Martin, originally of Mont Clare. The record of 19 minutes 38 seconds, was set on ice skates from the existing waste water control valve structure at the lower end to the Lock
686:
and other investors to fund the projects. The Lehigh and
Schuylkill canals had similar problems, both had to make navigable a series of rapids with rivers providing less water than was optimal—and ironically, by the 1820s, both eventually shipped coal from the opposite ends of the Little Schuylkill
1640:
as a fuel, it took the company until Spring to sell it. Which was a good thing, winter generally closed the canal for 3–4 months, and icing and flooding both did a certain amount of damage requiring repairs to put the canal systems back online. This was a principal advantage held by railroads over
1662:
and coke that before working metal furnaces. Anthracite was colloquially known as 'Stone Coal' or 'Rock Coal', and is difficult to burn without a stove or oven providing reflection and a carefully balanced bottom draft. When so provided, it burns very hot, clean and odorless, so today is still a
1595:
to file with their petition to the
Pennsylvania legislature. This late filing put the project before the legislature for approval in March 1818, and the passage of the bill chartering the rights to modify the water coarse enabled the Lehigh transportation corporation to be formally incorporated
619:
project made its first test shipments of coal in 1819, proving the Lehigh's locks concept. Its delivery in 1820 of over 365 tons of
Anthracite to Philadelphia resulted in a temporary market glut. These and regularly increasing tonnages shipped down to Philadelphia's docks over the next 2–3 years
911:
where no stream existed to support the costly digging of a new ditch. Coal shifted away from canals to the more flexible means of bulk goods transportation. Where the established canals supplied, their markets mostly remained relatively stable and they generally remained competitive with only a
1371:
to
Longford Road in Oaks opened. This length of the Trail makes use of the general course of the filled portion of the Oakes Reach and originally used the old canal aqueduct to cross Crossman's Run. On 14 February 2008, a meeting was held to announce the survey work for the extension of the
854:
with the latter's limited lock lengths; an artifact of having a state run a practical construction project without businessmen’s balancing viewpoints. In 1850, a price-fixing arrangement with the railroad stabilized prices for the transportation of anthracite. This decade was the
Schuylkill
970:
was abandoned. By 1904 the anthracite traffic had almost completely ceased, and after 1913 only an occasional cargo passed between Port
Clinton and Philadelphia. Excursion vessels and pleasure boating remained active on the Schuylkill Navigation until most of the canals were filled by the
870:
During the 1860s the railroads had become the king of transportation with their improved power and speed of travel, so like most North
American canals, the Schuylkill Canal began to decline in use for general freight and the wealthier westward bound passengers had long since used the
841:
opened, and within four years, was hauling three times as much anthracite to
Philadelphia each year as the Schuylkill Navigation. In response, the Schuylkill Navigation Company enlarged its canals; by 1847, they could accommodate the passage of boats carrying 230 tons of
1003:
to Phoenixville. This canal paralleled the top end of the Oakes Reach, on the opposite side or the river. While the Chester County Canal was initially built to provide water power to the mill, in 1847 it carried scheduled passenger service between Phoenixville and
2911:
1367:(SRT) now overlays portions of the canal route. In Manayunk, the Trail was constructed across the canal from the towpath. (The Reading railroad built a freight spur on the canal towpath.) In 2008 the extension of the Schuylkill River Trail from the
1811:
On the settled eastern seaboard, forest decimation created an energy crisis for coastal cities, but the lack of water- and roadways made English coal shipped across the Atlantic cheaper in Philadelphia than Pennsylvania anthracite mined 100 miles
1692:
If the Lehigh Canal hadn't been built, the Delaware Canal would have had nothing worth the expense to ship, so the investment would never have happened. The principal customer of the Delaware was the coal barges coming down the Lehigh shipped by
2906:
770:. This route along the Schuylkill Valley was envisioned primarily as a coal road, whilst the Union Canal was engineered for cross-state passenger and cargoes; but it also competed with and then became secondary to the east–west divisions of the
924:
In 1869 the Schuylkill Navigation was damaged by a flood, hindering operations for some time whilst repairs could be made. In 1870, its board of directors forced by stockholders, the Schuylkill Navigation Company leased its waterway to the
965:
By 1890 only 144,994 tons of cargo passed through the Schuylkill Navigation. The Schuylkill Navigation was also hindered by coal silt deposits that made its upper sections almost unusable. By 1891 the portion of Navigation above
3015:
2565:
2560:
1245:
The head of the Manayunk Reach is at the Flat Rock Dam (Dam 31), near Shawmont. The canal originally passed through the dam structure at Lock 68. However Lock 68 is plated off, and the forereach area above has silted in.
2555:
2737:
741:
By the early 1820s, the coal coming down the Lehigh and Schuylkill canals having alleviated the high costs of heating, overcoming in just a few years the long suffered shortages of fuels in Eastern cities and towns The
3040:
3035:
2920:
2817:
2782:
2732:
3005:
2807:
2762:
2722:
2667:
2647:
2597:
2577:
1557:- 1811 private stock company that completed the "golden link between the Schuylkill and Susquehanna rivers in 1828, thereby connecting the Schuylkill Navigation company with the Pennsylvania canal in Middleton.
2672:
2657:
2490:
2485:
961:
waterway. As a result, traffic on the Schuylkill decreased rapidly. Adding insult to injury, the PRR itself invaded the Schuylkill's territory with the construction of its Schuylkill Branch in the mid-1880s.
3030:
2777:
2772:
2697:
2677:
2632:
2607:
2592:
2587:
2515:
2400:
912:
gradual erosion of market share as decades passed. Eventually, oil heat and their perennial problems of delivering in winter's cold diminished their role. The self-examination during the early years of the
3020:
2822:
2797:
2727:
2712:
2692:
2682:
2662:
2652:
2622:
2602:
2582:
2572:
2550:
2535:
2530:
2500:
1038:
has a restored Locktender's house on E. Wall Street. The adjacent lock had long been filled with a car wash located on the site, but in 2011, the lock car wash was removed, and the lock unearthed. Near
733:
leisurely descents. In point of fact, canals in the United States rarely kept their original configurations and improvements continued over their life; if for no other reason, periodically ice damage and
2802:
2767:
2757:
2717:
2707:
2702:
2687:
2642:
2637:
2627:
2545:
2540:
2525:
2495:
2980:
2916:
2812:
2792:
2787:
2742:
2520:
2510:
2505:
2480:
620:
attracted investors and speculators from all along the Eastern Seaboard to capitalize and fund similar companies. This began a deluge of private canal and canal resumption projects in the 1820s. The
2858:
2827:
2752:
2617:
1269:, which is facing development pressures. At the downstream end of this reach, the canal runs through Manayunk and returns to the river via Locks 69 & 70. All three lock structures still exist.
709:
When the engineering challenges and finances allowed, the Schuylkill Canal began operations in 1825. The initial configuration completed in 1827, was waterway of 108 miles (174 km) was linking
2843:
2612:
1158:
2848:
1200:
2883:
2873:
2868:
725:), the Schuylkill Navigation used 92 lift locks to overcome the difference of 588 feet (179 m) in elevation between its terminal points. This was similar in degree to the gradients of the
1628:. LC&N Co. owned coal from that end of the valley would later often be shipped out via the Schuylkill Canal, and the railroads which came to run through the crowded valleys draining the
1462:– A New Jersey canal connection to the New York & New Jersey markets shipping primarily coal across the Delaware River. The D&R also shipped Iron Ore from New Jersey up the Lehigh.
1465:
2878:
2863:
1514:– the coal canal along the Lehigh Valley that fed the United States early Industrial revolution energy needs directly and via the Delaware Canal businesses all along the forty miles to
1086:, then through Port Providence. An impounding basin from the silt removal project cuts the canal after Longford Road and the final mile of the Reach, has been filled in. An old stone
2888:
2393:
1318:
3045:
1378:
604:
was incorporated in 1815. An application for a charter to improve the Lehigh also was filed that year. These represented the growing impetus in the United States to develop a
416:
1020:
While many of the dams still stand, few watered stretches of the canal remain. Some 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of the original 3.5 miles (5.6 km) long Oakes Reach between
2990:
2949:
2853:
2747:
2409:
2386:
1276:
1116:
2995:
1097:, chief engineer of the Schuylkill Navigation Company. The Oakes Reach canal, locks, locktenders' houses, Black Rock Dam, and the slackwater pool extending up to the
375:
1452:– A sister canal from the mouth of the Lehigh River and canal terminus, feeding urban Philadelphia connecting with the Morris and Lehigh Canals at their respective
465:
1109:
60 Lower Lock Head Wall. The distance traveled for the record is 2.33 miles. 3" of snow was present on the ice, temp 14 F, head wind approximately 10–15 mph.
1654:
for working metals, and the transport of heavy loads of wood, and the then denuded timber stands near these communities had even made it cost effective to import
721:
near Pottsville. Combining 62 miles (100 km) of separate canals, often referred to as "reaches", with 46 miles (74 km) of slack water pools (so called
1632:. As a beginning, White's navigation began delivering regular ark loads of coal in the final months of 1820, reaching nearly 370 tons for the year. So much
568:
The Schuylkill Canal was in operation until 1931 and was almost completely filled in the 1950s. Some remaining watered reaches are now used for recreation.
1043:, the Allegheny Creek Aqueduct still exists along with a drained section of the canal prism. The Aqueduct is on the National Register of Historic Places.
1583:
Ironically, White and Hazard had trouble finding investors who believed both in the Navigation project and in the Mine Project, so were forced to take on
2930:
2926:
2448:
2438:
531:, built as a commercial waterway in the early 19th-century. Chartered in 1815, the navigation opened in 1825, to provide transportation and water power.
1972:(First ed.). Oak Printing Company, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania: Center for Canal History and Technology, Hugh Moore Historical Park and Museum, Inc.,
2290:
1390:
230:
1090:, that carried the Canal over Crossman's Run, and the outlet lock tender's house are still existent; but Lock 61, Brower's Lock, was filled in.
1584:
1548:
144:
3025:
2106:
2050:
766:. When completed, the two canals combined to make a water link between Philadelphia and the slack water level of the Susquehanna River at
2959:
1906: • 1820 – 365 short tons (331 t), 1821 – 1,073 short tons (973 t), 1822 – 2,240 short tons (2,030 t), ...
1402:
699:
Two years after this the Schuylkill region was opened, while it was not until 1829 that the coal trade of the Wyoming region began.
995:, was an addition to the Navigation built by the Schuylkill Navigation Company in 1828 to provide water power to a new nail works in
855:
Navigation's most prosperous period; in 1859, its peak year, it transported 1,700,000 tons of cargo. However, in that same year the
164:
2181:
767:
1826:
929:
for 999 years, surrendering to the competition. Under the railroad's control, the Schuylkill Navigation continued to decline as a
534:
At the time, the Schuylkill River was the least expensive and most efficient method of transporting bulk cargo, and cities on the
2433:
2199:
189:
135:
1744:
1029:
126:
2337:
2284:
750:, was completed in 1821, but by 1857, due to increased traffic, canal capacity (widening) modifications turned it into an
2367:
1715:
1694:
1677:
1444:
670:
history, two of the principle investors in the Schuylkill Navigation Company were partner industrialists and mill owners
778:
between Philadelphia, Harrisburg, and Pittsburgh. The Schuylkill Canal also featured the first transportation tunnel in
2076:
Patten, Spiro G. (1980). "The Rivalry Between the Schuylkill Canal and the Reading Railroad for the Anthracite Trade".
872:
1843:
1102:
1068:
1000:
926:
838:
2123:
1871:
History of Schuylkill County: with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers
2245:
1587:
as a principal partner (company officer) and it took through the summer of 1817 to sign sufficient investors to a
2985:
1680:
822:
535:
3010:
2316:
1981:
633:
1897:
1763:
2026:
1471:
859:
carried over 2,500,000 tons, an amount comparable to the Lehigh Canal's 1855 peak of 2,300,000 tons of coal.
601:
1908: • 1825 – 28,393 short tons (25,758 t), & 1831 – 40,966 short tons (37,164 t).
941:, nearly everyone needed anthracite. The traffic on the canal was expedited by corporate maneuvers when its
1266:
1072:
2378:
1468:- 1791 private stock company that failed and was a predecessor to the 1815 Schuylkill Navigation company.
1425:
1421:
793:
By transporting bulk cargoes and provide water power, the Schuylkill Navigation transformed the towns of
2363:
2272:
2102:
1706:
The Schuylkill Canal was long delayed by investors quarreling over the best way to proceed. Disgusted,
1554:
1459:
1083:
996:
967:
946:
933:, but operated primarily as a coal road, like the Lehigh and Delaware Canals into the 1930s, since for
755:
625:
217:
1902:. J. Nungesser, Harrisburg, PA (1913 Edition, selective e-reprint by Ancestry.com). pp. 595–597.
3000:
2267:
1617:
1535:
1497:
904:
876:
775:
771:
714:
621:
593:
589:
550:
1071:(Dam #26), near Mont Clare. The canal passes through the dam structure at Lock #60. The volunteer
1609:
1601:
1532:
canal feeding steel mills ores from Central New Jersey and coal to New York and New Jersey Markets.
1025:
1005:
798:
688:
683:
546:
33:
2158:
2105:, "On May 18, 1872, the D&R Canal Company was merged with several parallel railroads into the
592:
shown after the additional extensions adopted in 1837 were all completed; passage of the original
2262:
1629:
1538:– an ambitious collection of far-flung canals, and eventually railroads authorized early in 1826.
1094:
1040:
334:
281:
2217:
2054:
2016:, fact pointed out by employee on a 2013 tour of coal plant in Mahanoy City at Blaschak Company.
2428:
1673:
1364:
1098:
1035:
1059:
2443:
2423:
2144:
2110:
1749:
1621:
1529:
1079:
950:
884:
794:
763:
644:
576:
1869:
2358:
2327:
1973:
1625:
1519:
1453:
747:
692:
605:
8:
1597:
2185:
2148:
1794:
2085:
2004:
Brenckman, "three hundred and sixty-five tons of coal was sent to Philadelphia in 1820"
1941:
1932:
1823:
1475:
1439:
1087:
1021:
2203:
294:
2955:
1987:
1977:
930:
862:
759:
2305:
1714:
explored tapping Anthracite supplies via the Lehigh, and ended up incorporating the
1588:
913:
520:
1867:
2341:
1830:
1655:
1368:
999:. The new canal connected the slackwater pool of the Schuylkill Canal above the
856:
814:
68:
2257:
2013:
1249:
846:. These barges were better than twice the size that could be used on the rival
2334:
1930:
1711:
1487:
1449:
934:
851:
802:
675:
637:
98:
57:
3016:
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
2310:
1424:, Philadelphia. The Wire Bridge (background) stood at the site of the current
596:
legislative package was in 1826 following the success of the Schuylkill Canal.
2974:
2322:
2150:
Annals of Phoenixville and Its Vicinity: From the Settlement to the Year 1871
1659:
1334:
1320:
1292:
1278:
1216:
1202:
1174:
1160:
1132:
1118:
942:
896:
779:
743:
609:
562:
481:
467:
432:
418:
391:
377:
245:
232:
1078:
The nearby locktender's house has also been restored. The Reach runs under
1012:
of 1869 destroyed the mill "and very much injured the canal and its locks."
729:
but twice the height drop in twice the distance, both much steeper than the
2408:
2154:
1707:
1613:
1605:
1525:
1515:
1511:
1491:
972:
908:
892:
847:
826:
806:
726:
710:
679:
671:
629:
616:
554:
549:
and eastern markets. Along the tow-paths, mules pulled barges of coal from
528:
3041:
Transportation buildings and structures in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
3036:
Transportation buildings and structures in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
2373:
1771:
1592:
1542:
938:
880:
821:
position in the transportation of anthracite coal from the coal mines of
718:
553:
through the water gaps to Pottsville; locally to the port and markets of
2374:
Information and pictures of the Schuylkill Canal in Schuylkill Haven, PA
2294:
2089:
1801:(July 1, 1998). A publication of the Archaeological Institute of America
1384:"Schuylkill Waterworks" (1835), with Schuylkill Canal in the foreground.
916:
would end up closing most, as it did the Schuylkill Navigation Company.
789:
Schuylkill Canal (starting at Philadelphia) with other US canals of 1825
3006:
Transportation buildings and structures in Chester County, Pennsylvania
958:
888:
810:
730:
558:
539:
524:
1868:
Josephine Reed Garzelloni; Carole Lyn Carr; R. Steffey, eds. (1998) .
1257:
1055:
Lock 60 miter gates and tow path bridge after their 2004-5 restoration
584:
3031:
Transportation buildings and structures in Berks County, Pennsylvania
1501:
829:, and by 1841, was annually transporting over 737,517 tons of cargo.
640:
455:(18 miles (29 km) above Port Clinton abandoned by December 1887)
27:
3021:
National Register of Historic Places in Chester County, Pennsylvania
2248:
1651:
1483:
1479:
1101:
bridge form the "Schuylkill Navigation Canal, Oakes Reach Section"
954:
818:
758:, built between 1821 and 1828, was purpose designed to connect the
751:
2981:
Canals on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
2352:
2027:"American Canal Society Canal Structure Inventory – Auburn Tunnel"
1051:
785:
2300:
1770:. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Archived from
1739:
1009:
900:
735:
2465:
2346:
1991:
801:, and Pottsville into early manufacturing centers. By using the
1697:, which also came to manage the Delaware Canal into the 1960s.
538:
were experiencing an energy crisis. It fostered the mining of
1505:
957:, soon Schuylkill boats were denied access to this important
516:
1965:
Bartholomew, Ann M.; Metz, Lance E.; Kneis, Michael (1989).
1672:
2.3 million shipped in the year it became paralleled by the
1904:
Early Lehigh Canal shipping tonnages summarized from text:
1261:
Manayunk Reach, a very industrial section of the Navigation
976:
843:
738:
occur pointing out shortcomings, leading to improvements.
542:
2287:
History, description and list of locks, dams, and reaches
1931:
Fred Brenckman, Official Commonwealth Historian (1884).
754:. Like the later Delaware Canal was to the Lehigh, the
3046:
Transportation buildings and structures in Philadelphia
2410:
US National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
1641:
canals—such repairs were more uncommon on rail systems.
1600:
after exercising the option to lease the rights of the
1504:
began; contemporary with the Lehigh and the Schuylkill
687:
River's tributary, and the coal deposits once owned by
1253:
Remains of Lock 70 at the outlet of the Manayunk Reach
1551:- 1791 predecessor private stock company that failed.
817:. The Schuylkill Navigation system quickly assumed a
2991:
Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania
1964:
903:, and was instrumental in the declining fortunes of
2439:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1574:
When they'd word the LCMC was suspending operations
866:
unissued share of the Schuylkill Navigation Company
2996:Ruins on the National Register of Historic Places
1718:which spearheaded many technological initiatives.
1500:– Another early built coal canal as the American
1265:This stretch of canal forms the northern side of
2972:
2301:Historical Berks county and the Schuylkill Canal
1947:
1700:
832:
119:Schuylkill Navigation Canal, Oakes Reach Section
75:(originally 13 ft 0 in or 3.96 m)
1650:Fire wood was a principle fuel for heating and
682:and acquiring the mining rights of the failing
2218:"Schuylkill Canal Towpath Restoration Project"
1895:
1082:in Mont Clare, directly across the river from
746:, a 450-foot (137 m) bore through a hill near
557:; and some then by ship or through additional
2394:
2157:: Bavis & Pennypacker, printers. p.
1792:
1549:Schuylkill and Susquehanna Navigation Company
1075:has restored Lock 60 to operating condition.
1063:Canal aqueduct over Crossman's Run, near Oaks
2107:United New Jersey Railroad and Canal Company
813:from the Schuylkill Valley could also reach
636:and various others followed, triggering the
2311:Historical pictures of the Schuylkill Canal
2143:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1824:History of the Schuylkill Navigation System
1756:
975:during 1947–1979 in efforts to remove coal
2401:
2387:
1861:
1817:
1466:Delaware and Schuylkill navigation company
905:Pennsylvania's far flung network of canals
2124:"Exelon – Black Rock Dam and its history"
1358:
580:Taken between Port Providence and Lock 60
127:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1913:
1256:
1248:
1058:
1050:
861:
784:
704:Fred Brenckman, History of Carbon County
661:Fred Brenckman, History of Carbon County
583:
575:
545:as the major source of industry between
196:
171:
2295:Schuylkill Canal, Bausman's Lock No. 12
1889:
982:
953:—in a blatant act supporting a bid for
907:. Railroads could reach mine heads and
51:(originally 108 mi or 174 km)
2973:
2364:NRHP Registration Form for Oakes Reach
2075:
2014:Commons Category:Blaschak Coal Company
1740:"National Register Information System"
1541:Schuylkill Canal – Navigation joining
1067:The head of the Oakes Reach is at the
1028:and the 1 mile (1.6 km) reach in
949:was acquired in 1872 by the competing
2382:
1934:HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA
1899:HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA
1420:Mouth of the Schuylkill Canal, below
2912:Native American archaeological sites
2359:PA Historical Marker and information
2315:Schuylkill Navigation Collection at
2291:Historic American Engineering Record
2084:. Oxford University Press: 139–142.
2007:
1745:National Register of Historic Places
1716:Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company
1695:Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company
608:network similar to that emerging in
146:Pennsylvania state historical marker
62:110 ft 0 in (33.53 m)
3026:1827 establishments in Pennsylvania
2051:"The Schuylkill and Transportation"
2019:
1937:(2nd (1913) ed.). p. 627.
1732:
1445:List of canals in the United States
13:
2200:"The Schuylkill Canal Association"
2182:"The Schuylkill Canal Association"
1877:. New York: W. W. Munsell & Co
945:and New Jersey markets connecting
873:Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad
73:18 ft 0 in (5.49 m)
14:
3057:
2323:Period company documents and maps
2235:
1833:, Reading Area Community College.
1663:favored fuel by specialty bakers.
1604:'s (LCMC) properties: the entire
1240:
927:Philadelphia and Reading Railroad
857:Philadelphia and Reading Railroad
839:Philadelphia and Reading Railroad
805:and the Delaware and Raritan and
515:, was a system of interconnected
2954:
2945:
2944:
2464:
2457:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1377:
519:and slack-water pools along the
195:
188:
170:
163:
26:
2210:
2192:
2174:
2165:
2137:
2116:
2096:
2069:
2043:
1998:
1686:
1681:Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad
1666:
1644:
1577:
1186:Oakes Reach - present south end
719:Southern Anthracite Coal Fields
634:Chesapeake & Delaware Canal
2317:Reading Area Community College
1836:
1793:James E. Held (July 1, 1998).
1786:
1568:
1046:
668:The Delaware and Lehigh Canals
289:
95:618.75 ft (188.60 m)
92:Maximum height above sea level
1:
2907:European archaeological sites
2347:Friends of the Manayunk Canal
2078:Business and Economic History
1942:downloadable full pdf version
1725:
1528:– Another important American
1472:Chesapeake and Delaware Canal
1408:Bridge over Schuylkill Canal.
833:Competition with the railroad
762:with the Schuylkill Canal at
602:Schuylkill Navigation Company
204:Show map of the United States
2353:Schuylkill Canal Association
2335:Upper Schuylkill River canal
2306:Lower Schuylkill River canal
2145:Pennypacker, Samuel Whitaker
1638:it was so new and distrusted
1636:the Philadelphia docks, and
1073:Schuylkill Canal Association
973:Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
809:, manufactured products and
7:
2927:National Historic Landmarks
2273:GPX (secondary coordinates)
1616:, beyond the nine miles to
1433:
1426:Spring Garden Street Bridge
979:from the Schuylkill River.
650:
10:
3062:
2103:Delaware and Raritan Canal
1968:DELAWARE and LEHIGH CANALS
1768:Historical Marker Database
1460:Delaware and Raritan Canal
1396:Locks on Schuylkill Canal.
947:Delaware and Raritan Canal
919:
626:Delaware and Raritan Canal
571:
265:155.3 acres (62.8 ha)
218:Phoenixville, Pennsylvania
32:Lock 60 at Oakes Reach in
2940:
2899:
2836:
2473:
2455:
2416:
2370:site for additional image
2268:GPX (primary coordinates)
2243:Map all coordinates using
1764:"PHMC Historical Markers"
1624:at the outlet end of the
1536:Pennsylvania Canal System
1498:Delaware and Hudson Canal
993:Phoenixville Branch Canal
877:Pennsylvania Canal System
776:Main Line of Public Works
772:Pennsylvania Canal System
622:Delaware and Hudson Canal
594:Main Line of Public Works
459:
369:
364:
356:
348:
340:
330:
325:
321:
313:
305:
300:
288:NRHP reference
287:
277:
269:
261:
224:
213:
157:
153:
142:
133:
124:
117:
113:
105:
91:
81:
66:
55:
45:
40:
25:
20:
2293:(HAER) No. PA-69, "
2251:Download coordinates as:
1610:Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania
1602:Lehigh Coal Mine Company
1561:
1093:This reach is named for
1015:
689:Lehigh Coal Mine Company
684:Lehigh Coal Mine Company
588:The far flung system of
179:Show map of Pennsylvania
34:Mont Clare, Pennsylvania
1896:Fred Brenckman (1884).
1634:had 'suddenly' reached
1630:Little Schuylkill River
1474:– A canal crossing the
1217:40.126278°N 75.461361°W
1197:Lock 61 Tender's House
931:general freight carrier
895:, would eventually add
2986:Canals in Pennsylvania
2429:Keeper of the Register
2368:search form on PA ARCH
1674:Lehigh Valley Railroad
1365:Schuylkill River Trail
1359:Schuylkill River Trail
1335:40.02278°N 75.219861°W
1262:
1254:
1228:Lock 61 Tender's House
1099:Pennsylvania Route 113
1064:
1056:
867:
790:
707:
664:
597:
590:canals of Pennsylvania
581:
246:40.13250°N 75.502639°W
136:U.S. Historic district
49:90 miles (140 km)
3011:Canals opened in 1827
2444:National Park Service
2424:Contributing property
2285:Schuylkill Navigation
2263:GPX (all coordinates)
2111:Pennsylvania Railroad
1750:National Park Service
1530:Industrial Revolution
1293:40.03806°N 75.24444°W
1260:
1252:
1222:40.126278; -75.461361
1175:40.12833°N 75.48250°W
1155:Present end of reach
1133:40.14500°N 75.50778°W
1080:Pennsylvania Route 29
1062:
1054:
951:Pennsylvania Railroad
885:Pennsylvania Railroad
865:
788:
697:
654:
645:Industrial Revolution
643:and helping fuel the
587:
579:
513:Schuylkill Navigation
482:39.96722°N 75.18778°W
433:40.69361°N 76.16444°W
392:40.57833°N 76.02639°W
21:Schuylkill Navigation
2109:, and leased by the
1974:Easton, Pennsylvania
1799:Archaeology (Online)
1626:Panther Creek Valley
1520:Easton, Pennsylvania
1340:40.02278; -75.219861
991:, also known as the
989:Chester County Canal
983:Chester County Canal
693:Panther Creek Valley
606:water transportation
444:Canal Original Start
314:Designated PHMC
251:40.13250; -75.502639
2171:Pennypacker, p. 168
1774:on December 7, 2013
1752:. January 23, 2007.
1598:Lehigh Coal Company
1330: /
1298:40.03806; -75.24444
1288: /
1212: /
1180:40.12833; -75.48250
1170: /
1138:40.14500; -75.50778
1128: /
691:(the LCMC), in the
487:39.96722; -75.18778
477: /
438:40.69361; -76.16444
428: /
397:40.57833; -76.02639
387: /
242: /
97:(above mid tide of
2340:2015-02-27 at the
2188:on August 2, 2002.
1829:2016-01-15 at the
1476:Delmarva Peninsula
1440:Allegheny Aqueduct
1263:
1255:
1065:
1057:
868:
791:
598:
582:
341:Construction began
331:Principal engineer
2968:
2967:
2434:Historic district
2057:on August 9, 2007
1545:and Philadelphia.
1486:, connecting the
1478:in the states of
1346:Locks 69 & 70
1103:historic district
823:Schuylkill County
760:Susquehanna River
505:
504:
317:September 4, 1994
301:Significant dates
77:(Size of Lock 60)
3053:
3001:Schuylkill River
2958:
2948:
2947:
2468:
2461:
2460:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2380:
2379:
2349:– Manayunk Reach
2229:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2206:on July 2, 2002.
2202:. Archived from
2196:
2190:
2189:
2184:. Archived from
2178:
2172:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2120:
2114:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2053:. Archived from
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1976:. pp. 4–5.
1962:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1928:
1911:
1910:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1876:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1844:"History of SRN"
1840:
1834:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1808:
1806:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1736:
1719:
1704:
1698:
1690:
1684:
1670:
1664:
1648:
1642:
1589:letter of intent
1581:
1575:
1572:
1417:
1405:
1393:
1381:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1315:Locks 69&70
1312:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:
937:and especially,
914:Great Depression
705:
662:
521:Schuylkill River
509:Schuylkill Canal
501:
500:
498:
497:
496:
494:
489:
488:
483:
478:
475:
474:
473:
470:
452:
451:
449:
448:
447:
445:
440:
439:
434:
429:
426:
425:
424:
421:
411:
410:
408:
407:
406:
404:
399:
398:
393:
388:
385:
384:
383:
380:
291:
257:
256:
254:
253:
252:
247:
243:
240:
239:
238:
235:
205:
199:
198:
192:
180:
174:
173:
167:
147:
109:Mostly infilled
30:
18:
17:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3050:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2936:
2895:
2832:
2474:Lists by county
2469:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2412:
2407:
2342:Wayback Machine
2281:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2101:
2097:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1984:
1963:
1948:
1940:
1929:
1914:
1907:
1905:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1852:
1850:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1831:Wayback Machine
1822:
1818:
1804:
1802:
1795:"The Canal Age"
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1687:
1671:
1667:
1656:Bituminous coal
1649:
1645:
1591:to establish a
1582:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1436:
1429:
1418:
1409:
1406:
1397:
1394:
1385:
1382:
1369:Perkiomen Creek
1361:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1243:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1049:
1018:
985:
922:
883:. In 1857, the
852:Delaware Canals
835:
815:New York Harbor
706:
703:
663:
660:
653:
624:companies, the
574:
536:U.S. East Coast
492:
490:
486:
484:
480:
479:
476:
471:
468:
466:
464:
463:
454:
443:
441:
437:
435:
431:
430:
427:
422:
419:
417:
415:
414:
412:
402:
400:
396:
394:
390:
389:
386:
381:
378:
376:
374:
373:
250:
248:
244:
241:
236:
233:
231:
229:
228:
209:
208:
207:
206:
203:
202:
201:
200:
183:
182:
181:
178:
177:
176:
175:
149:
145:
138:
129:
120:
96:
87:(originally 72)
86:
76:
74:
50:
36:
12:
11:
5:
3059:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2952:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2924:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2851:
2846:
2840:
2838:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2738:Northumberland
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2449:Property types
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2361:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2328:1947 Appraisal
2325:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2288:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2254:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2236:External links
2234:
2231:
2230:
2209:
2191:
2173:
2164:
2136:
2115:
2095:
2068:
2042:
2018:
2006:
1997:
1982:
1946:
1912:
1888:
1860:
1835:
1816:
1785:
1755:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1712:Erskine Hazard
1699:
1685:
1665:
1643:
1576:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1539:
1533:
1523:
1509:
1495:
1488:Chesapeake Bay
1469:
1463:
1457:
1450:Delaware Canal
1447:
1442:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1419:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1376:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1313:
1242:
1241:Manayunk Reach
1239:
1238:
1237:
1195:
1153:
1069:Black Rock Dam
1048:
1045:
1017:
1014:
1008:. The spring
1001:Black Rock Dam
984:
981:
921:
918:
887:had connected
834:
831:
803:Delaware River
701:
666:As related in
658:
652:
649:
638:North American
573:
570:
561:waterways, to
503:
502:
461:
457:
456:
371:
367:
366:
362:
361:
358:
354:
353:
350:
349:Date completed
346:
345:
342:
338:
337:
332:
328:
327:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
311:
310:
307:
303:
302:
298:
297:
292:
285:
284:
279:
275:
274:
271:
267:
266:
263:
259:
258:
226:
222:
221:
215:
211:
210:
194:
193:
187:
186:
185:
184:
169:
168:
162:
161:
160:
159:
158:
155:
154:
151:
150:
143:
140:
139:
134:
131:
130:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
99:Delaware River
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
71:
64:
63:
60:
53:
52:
47:
43:
42:
41:Specifications
38:
37:
31:
23:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3058:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2951:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:Lists by city
2835:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2246:OpenStreetMap
2244:
2219:
2213:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2168:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2125:
2119:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2072:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2028:
2022:
2015:
2010:
2001:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1873:
1872:
1864:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1820:
1813:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1735:
1731:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1661:
1660:Great Britain
1657:
1653:
1647:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1571:
1567:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1427:
1423:
1422:Fairmount Dam
1416:
1411:
1404:
1399:
1392:
1387:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1352:
1314:
1310:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1267:Venice Island
1259:
1251:
1247:
1234:
1196:
1192:
1154:
1150:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
980:
978:
974:
969:
963:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
943:New York City
940:
936:
932:
928:
917:
915:
910:
909:coal breakers
906:
902:
898:
897:New York City
894:
890:
886:
882:
879:to cross the
878:
875:to reach the
874:
864:
860:
858:
853:
849:
845:
840:
837:In 1841, the
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
807:Morris Canals
804:
800:
796:
787:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:Auburn Tunnel
739:
737:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
700:
696:
694:
690:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
657:
648:
646:
642:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
613:
611:
610:Great Britain
607:
603:
595:
591:
586:
578:
569:
566:
564:
563:New York City
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
541:
537:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
499:
462:
458:
450:
409:
372:
368:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
336:
333:
329:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
306:Added to NRHP
304:
299:
296:
293:
286:
283:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
227:
223:
219:
216:
212:
191:
166:
156:
152:
148:
141:
137:
132:
128:
123:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
94:
90:
84:
80:
72:
70:
65:
61:
59:
54:
48:
44:
39:
35:
29:
24:
19:
16:
2931:Philadelphia
2854:Philadelphia
2818:Westmoreland
2748:Philadelphia
2355:– Oaks Reach
2250:
2249:
2242:
2221:. Retrieved
2212:
2204:the original
2194:
2186:the original
2176:
2167:
2155:Philadelphia
2149:
2139:
2129:November 16,
2127:. Retrieved
2118:
2098:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2059:. Retrieved
2055:the original
2045:
2033:. Retrieved
2021:
2009:
2000:
1967:
1966:
1933:
1903:
1898:
1891:
1881:September 5,
1879:. Retrieved
1870:
1863:
1851:. Retrieved
1848:www.racc.edu
1847:
1838:
1819:
1810:
1803:. Retrieved
1798:
1788:
1778:December 30,
1776:. Retrieved
1772:the original
1767:
1758:
1743:
1734:
1702:
1688:
1668:
1646:
1637:
1633:
1620:, almost to
1614:Lehigh River
1606:Pisgah Ridge
1585:George Hauto
1579:
1570:
1526:Morris Canal
1516:Philadelphia
1512:Lehigh Canal
1492:Delaware Bay
1362:
1325:75°13′11.5″W
1264:
1244:
1207:75°27′40.9″W
1204:40°07′34.6″N
1107:
1095:Thomas Oakes
1092:
1084:Phoenixville
1077:
1066:
1034:
1019:
997:Phoenixville
992:
988:
986:
968:Port Clinton
964:
923:
893:Philadelphia
869:
836:
827:Philadelphia
792:
740:
727:Lehigh Canal
722:
711:Philadelphia
708:
698:
680:Lehigh River
667:
665:
655:
647:in America.
630:Morris Canal
617:Lehigh Canal
614:
599:
567:
555:Philadelphia
533:
529:Pennsylvania
512:
508:
506:
413:(originally
335:Thomas Oakes
282:Thomas Oakes
237:75°30′09.5″W
214:Nearest city
15:
2960:NRHP portal
2900:Other lists
2859:Center City
2783:Susquehanna
2733:Northampton
2061:January 13,
2035:October 30,
1970:, 158 pages
1853:February 8,
1618:Summit Hill
1593:corporation
1555:Union canal
1543:Reading, PA
1506:navigations
1338: /
1296: /
1220: /
1178: /
1136: /
1047:Oakes Reach
939:steam power
881:Alleghenies
756:Union Canal
731:Erie Canals
715:Port Carbon
551:Port Carbon
485: /
436: /
403:Canal Start
395: /
370:Start point
357:Date closed
309:May 6, 1988
249: /
225:Coordinates
58:boat length
2975:Categories
2844:Pittsburgh
2808:Washington
2763:Schuylkill
2723:Montgomery
2668:Lackawanna
2648:Huntingdon
2598:Cumberland
2578:Clearfield
1983:0930973097
1726:References
1456:terminals.
1344: (
1322:40°01′22″N
1302: (
1283:75°14′40″W
1280:40°02′17″N
1226: (
1184: (
1165:75°28′57″W
1162:40°07′42″N
1142: (
1123:75°30′28″W
1120:40°08′42″N
1026:Mont Clare
1006:Norristown
959:New Jersey
889:Pittsburgh
811:anthracite
799:Norristown
768:Middletown
615:The lower
559:New Jersey
547:Pottsville
540:anthracite
525:U.S. state
491: (
472:75°11′16″W
469:39°58′02″N
442: (
423:76°09′52″W
420:40°41′37″N
401: (
382:76°01′35″W
379:40°34′42″N
234:40°07′57″N
2884:Southwest
2874:Northwest
2869:Northeast
2849:Lancaster
2673:Lancaster
2658:Jefferson
2491:Armstrong
2486:Allegheny
2223:March 15,
1683:trackage!
1502:canal age
1490:with the
1041:Gibraltar
641:Canal Age
565:markets.
493:Canal End
460:End point
365:Geography
278:Architect
69:boat beam
2950:Category
2778:Sullivan
2773:Somerset
2698:Lycoming
2678:Lawrence
2633:Franklin
2608:Delaware
2593:Crawford
2588:Columbia
2516:Bradford
2338:Archived
2147:(1872).
2090:23702679
1992:89-25150
1827:Archived
1805:June 12,
1652:charcoal
1484:Maryland
1480:Delaware
1434:See also
1273:Lock 68
1113:Lock 60
1088:aqueduct
1036:Leesport
1030:Manayunk
955:monopoly
819:monopoly
752:open-cut
736:freshets
723:"levels"
702:—
659:—
651:Founding
295:88000462
67:Maximum
56:Maximum
2921:covered
2917:Bridges
2823:Wyoming
2798:Venango
2728:Montour
2713:Mifflin
2693:Luzerne
2683:Lebanon
2663:Juniata
2653:Indiana
2623:Fayette
2603:Dauphin
2583:Clinton
2573:Clarion
2551:Chester
2536:Cameron
2531:Cambria
2501:Bedford
1678:its own
1676:'s and
1622:Tamaqua
1612:on the
1304:Lock 68
1144:Lock 60
1010:freshet
935:heating
920:Decline
901:Chicago
795:Reading
780:America
774:on the
764:Reading
717:in the
572:History
523:in the
326:History
2803:Warren
2768:Snyder
2758:Potter
2718:Monroe
2708:Mercer
2703:McKean
2688:Lehigh
2643:Greene
2638:Fulton
2628:Forest
2546:Centre
2541:Carbon
2526:Butler
2496:Beaver
2417:Topics
2366:– Use
2088:
1990:
1980:
1454:Easton
848:Lehigh
748:Auburn
676:Hazard
632:, the
628:, the
517:canals
220:, U.S.
106:Status
46:Length
2879:South
2864:North
2813:Wayne
2793:Union
2788:Tioga
2743:Perry
2566:South
2561:North
2521:Bucks
2511:Blair
2506:Berks
2481:Adams
2086:JSTOR
2030:(PDF)
1875:(PDF)
1812:away.
1708:White
1658:from
1608:from
1562:Notes
1518:from
1016:Today
672:White
511:, or
270:Built
82:Locks
2889:West
2828:York
2753:Pike
2618:Erie
2556:East
2225:2008
2131:2009
2063:2008
2037:2012
1988:LCCN
1978:ISBN
1883:2016
1855:2024
1807:2016
1780:2013
1710:and
1482:and
1363:The
1024:and
1022:Oaks
987:The
977:silt
899:and
891:and
850:and
844:coal
674:and
600:The
543:coal
507:The
360:1947
352:1827
344:1815
273:1821
262:Area
2613:Elk
2258:KML
2159:176
825:to
713:to
527:of
290:No.
2977::
2319::
2153:.
2113:."
2080:.
1986:.
1949:^
1939:,
1915:^
1846:.
1809:.
1797:.
1766:.
1748:.
1742:.
1105:.
797:,
782:.
695:.
612:.
85:44
2933:)
2929:(
2923:)
2919:(
2402:e
2395:t
2388:v
2297:"
2227:.
2161:.
2133:.
2092:.
2082:9
2065:.
2039:.
1994:.
1885:.
1857:.
1782:.
1522:.
1508:.
1494:.
1428:.
1348:)
1306:)
1230:)
1188:)
1146:)
495:)
453:)
446:)
405:)
101:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
