891:
79:
1125:
372:
1623:
55:
275:
702:, elected in 1273 as emperor, tried to restore the duchy, but met the opposition of the higher nobility who aimed to limit the power of the emperor. Instead, he confiscated the former estates of the Hohenstaufen as imperial property of the Holy Roman Empire, and declared most of the cities formerly belonging to Hohenstaufen to be
1090:
is sometimes taken to refer to
Bavarian Swabia exclusively, correctly however it includes the larger Württemberg part of Swabia. Its inhabitants attach great importance to calling themselves Swabians. Baden, historically part of the duchy of Swabia and also of the Swabian Circle, is no longer
794:
in 1372 led to the formation of a new league of fourteen
Swabian cities on 4 July 1376. The emperor refused to recognise the newly revitalised Swabian League, seeing it as a rebellion, and this led to an
1404:
148:
area, but the modern concept of Swabia is more restricted, due to the collapse of the duchy of Swabia in the thirteenth century. Swabia as understood in modern ethnography roughly coincides with the
1135:
cites an estimate of 819,000 Swabian speakers as of 2006. This corresponds to roughly 10% of the total population of the
Swabian region, or roughly 1% of the total population of Germany.
482:
east of the Rhine and south of the Main. The
Alamanni were sometimes referred to as Suebi even at this time, and their new area of settlement came to be known as Suebia. In the
1041:, the shape of Swabia was entirely changed. All the ecclesiastical estates were secularized, and most of the smaller secular states, and almost all of the free cities, were
1701:
1485:
210:
Like many cultural regions of Europe, Swabia's borders are not clearly defined. However, today it is normally thought of as comprising the former
1661:
1631:
976:
in 1519 and putting in his place a
Habsburg governor, but the league broke up a few years later over religious differences inspired by the
1651:
870:
survive still. The region proved to be one of the most divided in the empire, containing, in addition to these principalities, numerous
1691:
926:
seized the Free
Imperial City of Reutlingen during the interregnum that followed the death of Maximilian I. It helped to suppress the
1646:
1128:
The traditional distribution area of
Western Upper German ( = Alemannic) dialect features in the nineteenth and twentieth century
1636:
1457:
983:
The region was quite divided by the
Reformation. While secular princes such as the Duke of Württemberg and the Margrave of
791:
83:
62:(yellow) is at the transitional area of the Swabian, Upper Rhenish and Lake Constance dialects of Alemannic. The western
1592:
804:
1394:
358:
339:
311:
867:
858:
that has ruled since 1714. Smaller feudal dynasties eventually disappeared, however; for example, branches of the
830:, who rose to prominence in Northern Germany. Also stemming from Swabia are the local dynasties of the dukes of
725:
in 1473/1486. He took the title of a "Prince of Swabia" and integrated the
Shrievalty of Swabia in the realm of
1666:
780:
722:
387:
296:
923:
633:, Swabia became once again de facto independent, by the early 10th century mostly ruled by two dynasties, the
318:
103:
1696:
1037:
968:
Fearing the power of the greater princes, the cities and smaller secular rulers of Swabia joined to form the
919:
812:
474:). By the mid-3rd century, groups of the Suebi form the core element of the new tribal alliance known as the
1016:
890:
996:
784:
718:
666:
654:
325:
674:
658:
945:
The territory of Swabia as understood today emerges in the early modern period. It corresponds to the
1481:
1046:
1416:
1054:
931:
744:
307:
17:
808:
776:
614:, as it developed in the 9th and 10th centuries. Due to the foundation of the important abbeys of
1004:
927:
292:
285:
48:
31:
1077:
indicating that only parts of the
Swabian territory was ruled by them, unlike their other title
831:
509:
The Alemanni were ruled by independent kings throughout the 4th to 5th centuries but fell under
78:
977:
939:
859:
653:
and Danube rivers. The conflict between the two dynasties was decided in favour of Hunfriding
59:
973:
1151:
1020:
1008:
1000:
950:
915:
487:
219:
95:
1050:
1042:
962:
911:
855:
839:
491:
383:
223:
191:
165:
99:
67:
8:
699:
696:. In the following years, the original duchy gradually broke up into many smaller units.
615:
157:
1298:
1288:
1283:
1221:
1079:
1066:
907:
871:
851:
847:
748:
703:
630:
546:
451:
231:
195:
692:, the last Hohenstaufen, on 29 October 1268, the duchy was not reappointed during the
426:
245:, the term Swabia indicated a larger area, covering all the lands associated with the
1588:
1533:
1473:
1293:
738:
693:
685:
670:
611:
514:
416:
153:
114:
799:" against the league. The renewed league defeated an imperial army at the Battle of
688:
in the 12th and 13th centuries, arose out of Swabia, but following the execution of
332:
1365:
1335:
1315:
1139:
1062:
752:
662:
638:
483:
422:
254:
199:
145:
130:
661:(919). Burchard's rule as duke was acknowledged as such by the newly elected king
398:, eastern Switzerland and small parts of northern Italy. In green: Upper Burgundy.
1686:
1408:
1325:
1268:
1124:
1012:
972:
in the fifteenth century. The League was quite successful, notably expelling the
726:
623:
619:
597:
593:
581:
503:
375:
371:
235:
122:
91:
66:
district is not considered a part of modern Swabia. The dividing line is between
1138:
As an ethno-linguistic group, Swabians are closely related to other speakers of
1091:
commonly included in the term. Baden's residents mostly refer to themselves as
1083:
which made clear that the whole of Franconia had become part of their kingdom.
1330:
1310:
1303:
1278:
1132:
1119:
969:
946:
935:
899:
211:
187:
183:
149:
811:. The next year the city league disbanded according to the resolutions of the
706:, and the more powerful abbeys within the former duchy to be Imperial Abbeys.
215:
1680:
1608:
1585:
One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups
984:
843:
646:
522:
395:
227:
63:
1174:
517:
496). By the late 5th century, the area settled by the Alemanni extended to
190:
as of 2006, compared to a total population of 7.5 million in the regions of
1342:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1035:
In the wake of the territorial reorganization of the empire of 1803 by the
827:
796:
681:
607:
454:
in the 1st century, albeit in a different geographical sense: He calls the
258:
38:
1024:
958:
479:
242:
1456:
Cornelius Tacitus. Alfred John Church; William Jackson Brodribb (eds.).
1320:
1259:
in Italy are derived from this area, both meaning literally "Swabian".
1224:
1170:
988:
800:
768:
642:
634:
603:
534:
455:
391:
299: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
126:
1190:
1162:
764:
755:, who in return promised not to mortgage any of them to any imperial
408:
250:
274:
54:
1477:
1194:
1108:
1096:
1092:
863:
835:
823:
760:
689:
538:
495:
475:
171:
134:
1622:
1614:
1058:
992:
526:
467:
463:
246:
161:
118:
71:
751:
of the former Duchy of Swabia banded together in support of the
1166:
1158:
1147:
914:
and the revolutionary threat from the south in the form of the
879:
822:
The major dynasties that arose out of medieval Swabia were the
756:
650:
569:
530:
518:
510:
434:
412:
379:
1143:
875:
542:
446:
430:
138:
378:
around AD 1000 shown in gold yellow including (present-day)
1386:
1383:
1377:
1057:
as sovereign states. Much of Eastern Swabia became part of
918:. In 1519, the League conquered Württemberg and sold it to
816:
710:
499:
965:
had been detached from Swabia since the twelfth century.
772:
1574:
Laffan, R.G.D. (1975). "The Empire under Maximilian I".
186:. Their number was estimated at close to 0.8 million by
1544:
1542:
556:
was used by the 8th century, and from the 9th century,
747:
was first formed on 20 November 1331, when twenty-two
717:) of Swabia, which was given as Imperial Pawn to Duke
1395:
1374:
1371:
1011:, as did the territories belonging to the Habsburgs (
957:
independent from Swabia from 1499 as a result of the
874:, ecclesiastical territories, and fiefdoms of lesser
1539:
1480:
and established an independent kingdom known as the
1380:
1157:
Swabian German is traditionally spoken in the upper
129:, representing the historic settlement area of the
121:. The name is ultimately derived from the medieval
27:
Cultural, historic, and linguistic region of Germany
1368:
37:"Schwaben" redirects here. For the naval ship, see
1531:Die Welfen. Herrschaft und Erinnerung (819–1252).
980:, and the Duke of Württemberg was soon restored.
1678:
991:, the ecclesiastical territories (including the
906:) was formed in 1488, opposing the expansionist
433:substrate. In the Roman era, it was part of the
102:, 1945–1952) are the three antlers of the
580:was used consistently for the territory of the
494:in Galicia. Another group settled in parts of
466:, and ends his description of the Suiones and
1455:
987:, as well as most of the Free Cities, became
47:"Suevia" redirects here. For other uses, see
1702:History of the Holy Roman Empire by location
1200:Many Swabian surnames end with the suffixes
182:) are the natives of Swabia and speakers of
942:caused the league to be disbanded in 1534.
226:(excluding the former Baden regions of the
1484:, which existed during 410–585. See
359:Learn how and when to remove this message
1449:
1123:
889:
732:
490:in 406 and some of them established the
370:
144:This territory would include all of the
77:
53:
1582:
885:
807:finally defeated the league in 1388 at
790:The defeat of the city league by Count
709:The rural regions were merged into the
622:, Swabia became an important center of
14:
1679:
1573:
1548:
1514:in ducatu Alemannico, in pago Linzgowe
214:, or equivalently the former state of
117:and linguistic region in southwestern
1518:Forschungen zur Deutschen Landeskunde
1415:
930:in 1524–26 and defeat an alliance of
626:literary culture during this period.
425:, what is now Swabia was part of the
1510:urbs Constantia in ducatu Alemanniae
1472:Also, a number of Suebi reached the
297:adding citations to reliable sources
268:
160:, now divided between the states of
1587:. Greenwood Publishing Group, Ltd.
572:specifically. By the 12th century,
234:, and the administrative region of
58:Today's Swabia within Germany. The
24:
866:lived until modern times, and the
665:, and in the 960s the duchy under
587:
568:was increasingly used to refer to
25:
1713:
1602:
1102:
1030:
759:. Among the founding cities were
84:coat of arms of Baden-Württemberg
1637:The New Student's Reference Work
1621:
1576:The New Cambridge Modern History
1364:
894:Map of the Swabian Circle (1756)
402:
273:
602:Swabia was one of the original
284:needs additional citations for
1692:Geography of Baden-Württemberg
1667:New International Encyclopedia
1554:
1523:
1495:
1466:
1357:
1181:, and on the left bank of the
787:were induced to join in 1340.
723:Sigismund, Archduke of Austria
533:to the north, the remnants of
222:), or the modern districts of
13:
1:
1442:
1251:. The popular German surname
1185:, in an area centered on the
1063:Swabian administrative region
1038:Reichsdeputationshauptschluss
88:Or, three lions passant sable
502:were defeated in 454 in the
444:is derived from that of the
205:
98:. Also used for Swabia (and
94:, in origin the arms of the
7:
1262:
1113:
854:, and are ancestral to the
805:Frederick V of Hohenzollern
478:, who expanded towards the
104:coat of arms of Württemberg
10:
1718:
1615:"Danube Swabian Resources"
1567:
1117:
1106:
1061:, forming what is now the
1053:, and the Principality of
846:family went on to rule in
792:Eberhard II of Württemberg
736:
591:
560:was occasionally used for
462:("Suebian Sea") after the
406:
264:
46:
36:
29:
949:established in 1512. The
803:on 14 May 1377. Burgrave
684:dynasty, which ruled the
649:estates around the upper
470:with "Here Suebia ends" (
257:in the west to the broad
1536:, Stuttgart 2000, 82–83.
1350:
1231:(Modern Standard German
1189:roughly stretching from
1055:Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
745:Swabian League of Cities
669:was incorporated in the
450:. It is used already by
1652:Encyclopædia Britannica
1609:D'alemannisch Knowledge
1583:Minahan, James (2000).
1428:; archaic English also
1086:In contemporary usage,
513:domination in the 6th (
486:, the Suebi (Alamanni)
382:, the southern part of
156:as it stood during the
49:Suevia (disambiguation)
32:Swabia (disambiguation)
1655:(11th ed.). 1911.
1412:
1235:). Examples would be:
1129:
1047:Kingdom of Württemberg
1023:, and the Margrave of
895:
719:Leopold III of Austria
399:
133:tribe alliances named
107:
75:
60:Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis
1626:Texts on Wikisource:
1529:Bernd Schneidmüller,
1220:, typically from the
1152:German-speaking Swiss
1127:
1021:House of Hohenzollern
951:Old Swiss Confederacy
893:
737:Further information:
733:Later medieval period
721:in 1379 and again to
537:to the west, and the
407:Further information:
374:
220:Hohenzollern Province
96:House of Hohenstaufen
81:
57:
1697:Geography of Bavaria
1051:Grand Duchy of Baden
963:Margraviate of Baden
912:House of Wittelsbach
886:Early modern history
856:British Royal Family
704:Free Imperial Cities
700:Rudolf I of Habsburg
659:Battle of Winterthur
492:Kingdom of the Suebi
429:, and as such has a
293:improve this article
261:river in the east:
253:stretching from the
125:, one of the German
30:For other uses, see
1506:in pago Alemannorum
1165:), along the upper
1161:basin (upstream of
1045:, leaving only the
974:Duke of Württemberg
711:Imperial Shrievalty
525:, bordering on the
218:(with the Prussian
158:early modern period
1482:Galliciense Regnum
1417:[ˈʃvaːbm̩]
1299:Satu Mare Swabians
1289:Germans of Romania
1284:Germans of Hungary
1222:Middle High German
1130:
1069:assumed the title
896:
631:Carolingian period
547:Kingdom of Odoacer
400:
108:
90:, the arms of the
76:
1534:Kohlhammer Verlag
1520:6 (1888), p. 299.
1502:in pago Almanniae
1474:Iberian Peninsula
1294:Germans of Serbia
1080:Duke of Franconia
1003:and the numerous
904:Schwäbischer Bund
739:Interregnum (HRE)
694:Great Interregnum
686:Holy Roman Empire
671:Holy Roman Empire
612:Holy Roman Empire
529:to the east, the
515:Battle of Tolbiac
488:crossed the Rhine
472:Hic Suebiae finis
417:Germania Superior
384:Baden-Württemberg
369:
368:
361:
343:
166:Baden-Württemberg
154:Holy Roman Empire
100:Württemberg-Baden
68:Baden-Württemberg
16:(Redirected from
1709:
1671:
1656:
1641:
1625:
1618:
1598:
1579:
1561:
1560:Minahan, p. 650.
1558:
1552:
1546:
1537:
1527:
1521:
1516:873. S. Hirzel,
1499:
1493:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1453:
1436:
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1393:
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1389:
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1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1361:
1336:Schwaben Redoubt
1316:Swabian children
1140:Alemannic German
1067:Kings of Bavaria
1065:of Bavaria. The
928:Peasants' Revolt
775:. The counts of
753:Emperor Louis IV
715:Reichslandvogtei
663:Henry the Fowler
639:Raetia Curiensis
549:, to the south.
545:, united in the
484:migration period
431:Celtic (Gaulish)
423:Southern Germany
364:
357:
353:
350:
344:
342:
301:
277:
269:
255:Vosges Mountains
146:Alemannic German
21:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1711:
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1708:
1707:
1706:
1677:
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1644:
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1500:
1496:
1486:Victor Vitense
1471:
1467:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1439:
1420:, colloquially
1403:
1396:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1346:("Suabophobia")
1326:Swabian cuisine
1269:Danube Swabians
1265:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1033:
1013:Further Austria
1005:Imperial abbeys
922:after its duke
910:dukes from the
888:
749:imperial cities
741:
735:
727:Further Austria
624:Old High German
600:
598:Dukes of Swabia
594:Duchy of Swabia
592:Main articles:
590:
588:Duchy of Swabia
582:Duchy of Swabia
504:Battle of Nedao
427:La Tène culture
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388:Bavarian Swabia
376:Duchy of Swabia
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348:
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302:
300:
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236:Bavarian Swabia
208:
200:Bavarian Swabia
123:Duchy of Swabia
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92:Duchy of Swabia
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1594:978-0313309847
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1118:Main article:
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1107:Main article:
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1103:Swabian people
1101:
1071:Duke in Swabia
1032:
1031:Modern history
1029:
1019:branch of the
970:Swabian League
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523:Swiss Plateau
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460:Mare Suevicum
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304:Find sources:
298:
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282:This section
280:
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228:Bodenseekreis
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64:Bodenseekreis
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33:
19:
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1422:Schwabenland
1421:
1359:
1343:Schwabenhass
1341:
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1248:
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1236:
1232:
1228:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1187:Swabian Alps
1179:Upper Swabia
1156:
1137:
1131:
1095:(versus the
1087:
1085:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1036:
1034:
982:
967:
961:, while the
954:
944:
903:
897:
821:
797:imperial war
789:
742:
714:
708:
698:
682:Hohenstaufen
679:
667:Burchard III
628:
610:, the later
608:East Francia
604:stem duchies
601:
577:
576:rather than
573:
565:
561:
557:
553:
551:
508:
498:, after the
471:
459:
445:
441:
439:
421:Like all of
420:
394:in Austria,
355:
346:
336:
329:
322:
315:
303:
291:Please help
286:verification
283:
240:
209:
179:
175:
170:
143:
127:stem duchies
110:
109:
87:
40:
1549:Laffan 1975
1476:under king
1255:as well as
1073:, with the
1025:Baden-Baden
1017:Sigmaringen
1007:) remained
978:Reformation
959:Swabian War
940:Reformation
872:free cities
868:Fürstenberg
832:Württemberg
777:Württemberg
655:Burchard II
645:ruling the
643:Ahalolfings
480:Roman Limes
349:August 2022
243:Middle Ages
230:district),
216:Württemberg
178:, singular
70:(west) and
1681:Categories
1443:References
1321:New Swabia
1225:diminutive
1175:Donauwörth
1171:Tuttlingen
1043:mediatized
993:bishoprics
989:Protestant
801:Reutlingen
769:Reutlingen
637:counts in
635:Hunfriding
616:St. Gallen
535:Roman Gaul
456:Baltic Sea
437:province.
392:Vorarlberg
319:newspapers
1405:‹See Tfd›
1191:Stuttgart
1163:Heilbronn
1148:Alsatians
920:Charles V
860:Montforts
836:margraves
824:Habsburgs
813:Reichstag
809:Döffingen
785:Hohenberg
781:Oettingen
765:Heilbronn
620:Reichenau
578:Alamannia
566:Alamannia
562:Alamannia
554:Alamannia
552:The name
440:The name
409:Alamannia
251:Alamannia
232:Stuttgart
206:Geography
196:Stuttgart
1478:Hermeric
1459:Germania
1413:Schwaben
1263:See also
1237:Schäuble
1195:Augsburg
1169:between
1144:Badeners
1114:Language
1109:Swabians
1097:Swabians
1093:Alemanni
1088:Schwaben
1009:Catholic
1001:Konstanz
997:Augsburg
955:de facto
908:Bavarian
864:Hohenems
834:and the
826:and the
761:Augsburg
690:Conradin
641:and the
564:, while
539:Lombards
521:and the
511:Frankish
496:Pannonia
476:Alamanni
308:"Swabia"
247:Frankish
224:Tübingen
192:Tübingen
176:Schwaben
172:Swabians
135:Alemanni
131:Germanic
115:historic
41:Schwaben
18:Schwaben
1670:. 1905.
1640:. 1914.
1568:Sources
1227:suffix
1142:, i.e.
1059:Bavaria
1015:), the
934:in the
880:knights
852:Hanover
848:Bavaria
657:at the
527:Bavarii
468:Sitones
464:Suiones
452:Tacitus
333:scholar
265:History
241:In the
180:Schwabe
162:Bavaria
152:of the
119:Germany
74:(east).
72:Bavaria
1687:Swabia
1662:Swabia
1647:Swabia
1632:Swabia
1591:
1434:Svebia
1430:Suabia
1426:Ländle
1409:German
1399:-bee-ə
1253:Schwab
1249:Gmelin
1247:, and
1245:Rommel
1241:Egeler
1216:, and
1206:-(l)er
1167:Danube
1159:Neckar
1150:, and
1049:, the
938:. The
924:Ulrich
898:A new
876:counts
842:. The
783:, and
771:, and
757:vassal
675:Otto I
673:under
651:Neckar
574:Suebia
570:Alsace
558:Suebia
531:Franks
519:Alsace
442:Suebia
435:Raetia
415:, and
413:Raetia
380:Alsace
335:
328:
321:
314:
306:
111:Swabia
1512:797;
1508:797,
1504:762,
1351:Notes
1257:Svevo
1233:-lein
1229:-elîn
1177:, in
916:Swiss
840:Baden
543:Goths
447:Suebi
340:JSTOR
326:books
139:Suebi
1589:ISBN
1397:SWAY
1218:-lin
1214:-ehl
1183:Lech
1173:and
953:was
878:and
862:and
850:and
844:Welf
817:Eger
743:The
680:The
647:Baar
618:and
596:and
541:and
500:Huns
458:the
312:news
259:Lech
198:and
164:and
137:and
82:The
39:SMS
1664:".
1649:".
1634:".
1490:, I
1432:or
1424:or
1275:):
1210:-el
1202:-le
1193:to
1099:).
995:of
838:of
815:at
773:Ulm
606:of
295:by
1683::
1541:^
1411::
1402:;
1378:eɪ
1243:,
1239:,
1212:,
1208:,
1204:,
1197:.
1154:.
1146:,
1075:in
1027:.
999:,
882:.
819:.
779:,
767:,
763:,
729:.
677:.
584:.
506:.
411:,
390:,
386:,
238:.
202:.
194:,
168:.
141:.
86::
1660:"
1645:"
1630:"
1617:.
1597:.
1492:.
1390:/
1387:ə
1384:i
1381:b
1375:w
1372:s
1369:ˈ
1366:/
1271:(
902:(
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713:(
362:)
356:(
351:)
347:(
337:·
330:·
323:·
316:·
289:.
174:(
106:.
51:.
44:.
34:.
20:)
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