44:
673:
577:
756:
453:
147:
354:
626:
288:
1617:
301:
241:
2020:
or an equivalent. Elected candidates must have been born, must have had a home and had to be registered to vote in the province which the candidate intended to represent. The candidate must not have been an ascendant, spouse or a child of a member of the House of
Representatives or any person holding
1365:
1360:
1350:
1345:
2092:. Senators could not hold more than one consecutive term, therefore senators could not be re-elected. Senators continue to serve after their term is expired until a new Senator is confirmed. If there was a vacancy the seat was immediately filled either by election or appointment.
1809:
would elect the senators, for six-year terms. The 1946 Constitution was soon abrogated in a military coup. Subsequent constitutions saw only occasional bicameralism, and when it did exist, the Senate was always filled with appointees from the military and the elite. The
2200:. The president of the Senate was also the ex-officio vice president of the National Assembly of Thailand. The election was done by secret ballot, after a resolution finalizing the selection the name was submitted to the king for formal appointment. There were no
1470:
1765:
Thailand has not always had a senate. Some constitutions provided for senate, with senators being fully appointed, half-elected, and fully elected. Most recently, during 2014 and 2019, the senate was abolished and replaced by
1761:
legislative chamber, composed of 200 members â all are selection by the candidates from 20 groups. Senators serve five year terms in office. However, in practice, the chamber is split into factions with political ties.
1511:
1133:
1481:
2008:
The qualifications for the membership of the Senate could be found in section 115, Part 3, Chapter 6 of the 2007 Constitution. A candidate intent on being a member of the Senate had to be a
2152:
3341:
680:
1912:
The 200-person Senate is selected by the candidates from represent twenty professional and social groups: bureaucrats, teachers, judges, farmers, and private companies.
2064:
The term of the Senate is five years. The term is fixed, therefore the Senate cannot be dissolved under any circumstances and would be re-elected in accordance with a
2088:. Membership of an elected Senator began on the senate election day, while an appointed senator became a member after the publication of the election result by the
3226:
3216:
2578:
381:
3181:
1770:
1505:
2254:
2820:
2613:
2419:
2309:
2505:
2148:
1654:
583:
1423:
1039:
2187:
633:
602:
83:
1818:, and replaced with one calling for a half-elected/half-appointed Senate. The 2007 Constitution was itself repealed in 2018 following the
2156:
1148:
555:
2391:
2287:
3161:
2662:
1716:
1681:
952:
2835:
1370:
3443:
973:
3115:
1072:
1068:
3095:
1417:
1063:
550:
3276:
1627:
2483:
2022:
939:
1915:
Even though the chamber is mandated to be nonpartisan, many media and analysts have already mentioning political factions:
2101:
2016:
as well as being 40 years or older on the year of election or selection. The candidate must have graduated with at least a
1806:
1355:
3311:
3266:
2453:
2370:
2338:
2028:
All other disqualifications were similar to that of the House, the individual must not have been: addicted to drugs, been
1283:
2606:
1465:
1253:
1233:
1081:
898:
893:
719:
664:
464:
398:
1385:
1375:
1288:
3351:
2142:
1647:
736:
1805:
came into existence in
Thailand. The Senate was to be fully elected, however, the elections would be indirect, as the
3196:
2785:
1890:
1790:
1549:
1459:
1213:
1153:
483:
2850:
2132:
1903:
2024 â After the Senate military-appointed terms expire, there will be an selected with 200 members from 20 groups.
1517:
786:
774:
1865:
2000 â Establishment for the first time of a fully and directly elected Senate with 200 members for a 6-year term.
3438:
3417:
3366:
3296:
3231:
3100:
3030:
2890:
2737:
2727:
2697:
1533:
1168:
957:
934:
3448:
3412:
3331:
3301:
3133:
2950:
2900:
2840:
2775:
2599:
2137:
2089:
3186:
3141:
3020:
2800:
2223:
2218:
1876:
1811:
1750:
1742:
1640:
1476:
1104:
1058:
570:
423:
408:
69:
2770:
3123:
3040:
2845:
2765:
2243:
2193:
1869:
1380:
1248:
1173:
1097:
1091:
3015:
2717:
2036:, a member of the judiciary or any other government agency. Being disenfranchised (being a member of the
1258:
1100:
803:
1883:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1316:
1311:
3306:
2960:
2860:
1897:
1299:
1278:
1243:
1238:
1218:
847:
841:
836:
831:
798:
459:
3326:
1896:
2019 â A new Senate, composed of 250 military-appointed members, was sworn in in the aftermath of the
2990:
2965:
2795:
2732:
2702:
2652:
2535:
Nelson, Michael H. (April 2014). "Constitutional
Contestation over Thailand's Senate, 1997 to 2014".
2213:
1428:
1128:
878:
873:
868:
863:
762:
498:
418:
217:
2910:
3166:
3146:
1573:
1094:
517:
360:
327:
317:
310:
3356:
3321:
3151:
2975:
2667:
1593:
1493:
1321:
1223:
1138:
1111:
1084:
332:
3346:
3281:
3271:
1875:
2008 â Half of the Senate is nominated, half is elected as established by referendum under the
1339:
687:
590:
471:
446:
428:
3105:
3085:
3060:
3010:
2760:
2279:
2165:
1886:, an interim constitution was passed establishing a 220-member National Legislative Assembly.
1583:
1544:
1444:
1434:
1409:
1305:
1273:
969:
816:
749:
433:
365:
1017:
3291:
3261:
3206:
3055:
2970:
2925:
2915:
2905:
2742:
2201:
2017:
2009:
1786:
1439:
490:
390:
347:
278:
1859:
1991 â Establishment of a unicameral
National Assembly with 292 royally-appointed members.
8:
3376:
3371:
3075:
2945:
2677:
2164:
The Senate also advised the selection and the actual selection of certain members of the
2045:
1840:
1578:
1568:
1538:
1333:
1293:
1201:
1158:
672:
545:
537:
507:
2591:
1872:, an interim charter was signed establishing a 250-member National Legislative Assembly.
3156:
3065:
2985:
2865:
2830:
2780:
2712:
2560:
2552:
1815:
1746:
711:
511:
413:
250:
3361:
2476:"Thai Governmental Structure (Under Thailand's 1997 [B.E. 2540] Constitution)"
2048:
he must have left his post for a period of at least five years before being eligible.
755:
266:
3316:
3246:
3211:
3090:
3050:
3000:
2940:
2935:
2815:
2810:
2722:
2707:
2647:
2564:
1941:
1598:
1588:
1012:
1007:
656:
652:
640:
609:
576:
201:
122:
106:
90:
43:
2895:
2044:, or mentally infirm). If the candidate was a member of a local administration or a
3336:
3191:
3171:
2995:
2880:
2805:
2682:
2672:
2657:
2642:
2544:
1603:
1327:
1228:
1143:
691:
594:
195:
2475:
1814:
saw a return to a fully elected Senate. That constitution was abrogated after the
452:
3407:
3286:
3025:
3005:
2980:
2955:
2930:
2920:
2875:
2870:
2825:
2790:
1794:
1621:
1499:
705:
529:
523:
502:
494:
475:
322:
353:
3256:
3251:
3236:
3221:
3045:
2885:
2855:
2583:
2445:
2362:
2197:
1819:
1798:
1118:
403:
372:
204:
3432:
3402:
3397:
2752:
2081:
2033:
1826:
1947 â First Thai Senate established with 100 members, all royally appointed.
1767:
1733:
1707:
1698:
1672:
1078:
625:
146:
3392:
3241:
3176:
2692:
2065:
1822:, and replaced with a new one which provided for a fully appointed Senate.
1782:
1758:
167:
3201:
2687:
2626:
2622:
1836:
1968 â Re-establishment of the Senate with 120 royally-appointed members.
1802:
1738:
1163:
64:
2556:
2128:
Passing approval resolutions advising the King in certain appointments.
2634:
1850:
1830:
2125:
Creating and appointing committee to examine and investigate affairs.
287:
2548:
300:
2029:
2013:
1893:, the National Assembly was reestablished and the NLA was dissolved
1487:
1721:
1686:
1045:
1035:
2204:
officers as the Senate of
Thailand was a non-partisan chamber.
2041:
2037:
1754:
984:
979:
240:
2392:"Blue is the colour as Senate takes centre stage in Thailand"
1862:
1992 â Return of a Senate with 270 royally-appointed members.
1856:
1979 â Return of a Senate with 225 royally-appointed members.
1123:
989:
2032:, a convicted felon, a member of a local administration, a
2506:"Senate list ready, some cabinet ministers believed on it"
2420:"Senate splinters as factions vie to control Speaker pick"
2310:"Senate splinters as factions vie to control Speaker pick"
2021:
a political position and must not have been a member of a
1853:
National
Assembly with 360 members, all royally appointed.
2621:
1963:
New Breeds, which promote liberal and progressive agenda
1207:
2363:"Thailand election: Quick guide to the post-coup polls"
2100:
The Senate shares many powers, if not more, than the
2068:
issued thirty days after the expiration of the term.
2414:
2412:
2192:The Senate elected three presiding officers; one
2076:Members of the Senate are entitled use the title
2056:Depending on the situation in each constitution.
3430:
16:Upper house of the National Assembly of Thailand
2000:All of these numbers may not be 100% accurate.
2437:
2409:
2177:Determination of its own rules and procedures.
1846:1975 â Return of the royally-appointed Senate.
2607:
2332:
2330:
1648:
1424:1999 attack on the Myanmar Embassy in Bangkok
2188:List of Presidents of the Senate of Thailand
1797:introduced a Senate modelled on the British
2498:
2614:
2600:
2443:
2327:
1655:
1641:
42:
1839:1971 â The Thai Legislature is banned by
2444:Sapsomboon, Somroutai (7 October 2018).
2446:"Elected govt to be at mercy of Senate"
2336:
1022:Subdistrict Administrative Organisation
3431:
2534:
2114:Passing of annual Appropriations Bills
1418:Israeli Bangkok Embassy hostage crisis
1004:Provincial Administrative Organisation
2595:
2468:
2260:from the original on 14 November 2022
1732:
1697:
2486:from the original on 28 January 2020
2155:(including the Auditor General) and
2149:National Anti-Corruption Commission
1898:general elections held on that year
1833:National Assembly with 123 members.
821:Recent elections & referendums
13:
2528:
737:26th Thai House of Representatives
14:
3460:
2572:
2456:from the original on 26 June 2022
2339:"Explainer: The appointed Senate"
2290:from the original on 10 June 2021
2244:"Thailand's Constitution of 2017"
2003:
1929:Person Nominatated for President
2836:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2579:Inter Parliamentary Affairs, NLA
2157:National Human Rights Commission
2133:Constitutional Court of Thailand
1889:2018 â After the signing of the
1615:
754:
671:
624:
575:
451:
352:
299:
286:
239:
145:
3444:1947 establishments in Thailand
3418:List of legislatures by country
2373:from the original on 2019-06-06
1466:Cambodian rebellion (1811â1812)
769:President: Anocha Chevitsophon
3413:List of abolished upper houses
2384:
2355:
2302:
2284:US Central Intelligence Agency
2280:"The World Factbook; Thailand"
2272:
2236:
2051:
1907:
1371:March 1977 coup d'ÃĐtat attempt
793:President: Nakarin Mektrairat
781:President: Vorapot Visrutpich
399:Head of the Royal Armed Forces
1:
2229:
2224:National Assembly of Thailand
2219:2007 Constitution of Thailand
2181:
2071:
1849:1976 â Re-establishment of a
1771:National Legislative Assembly
1751:2017 constitution of Thailand
1743:National Assembly of Thailand
1550:CambodianâThai border dispute
424:Bureau of the Royal Household
70:National Assembly of Thailand
48:Seal of the National Assembly
2337:Kendall, Dave (2019-01-28).
1734:[pĘ°rÉŊĖt.tĘ°ÃĄ.sÄ.pĘ°ÄË]
710:Paradorn Prissanananthakul (
7:
2537:Contemporary Southeast Asia
2207:
1920:Factions of the 13th Senate
1722:
1687:
1064:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
817:Elections & referendums
10:
3465:
2185:
2171:Selection of its Officers.
1829:1952 â Establishment of a
1776:
1471:Ai Sa Kiad Ngong rebellion
1300:Rebellion of the Sergeants
1254:2013â2014 political crisis
1234:2005â2006 political crisis
516:Pirapan Salirathavibhaga (
3385:
3132:
3114:
3074:
2751:
2633:
2214:Constitutions of Thailand
2117:Constitutional Amendments
2095:
2085:
2080:in front of their names (
2025:for at least five years.
1940:Blue Group, with ties to
1931:
1928:
1801:. For the first time, an
1793:, when the government of
1749:. In accordance with the
1711:
1699:[wÚt.tĘ°Ã.sÄ.pĘ°ÄË]
1676:
1477:Lao rebellion (1826â1828)
538:64th Council of Ministers
499:Suriya Juangroongruangkit
265:
260:
247:
238:
233:
223:
211:
193:
188:
178:
153:
144:
136:
131:
115:
99:
81:
76:
58:
53:
41:
36:
21:
3101:Northern Mariana Islands
2102:House of Representatives
1807:House of Representatives
1702:; formerly known as the
1527:Foreign relations crisis
1386:1985 coup d'ÃĐtat attempt
1376:October 1977 coup d'ÃĐtat
1018:Subdistrict Municipality
953:Administrative divisions
720:Leader of the Opposition
665:House of Representatives
528:Prasert Chanruangthong (
2059:
1381:1981 military rebellion
1322:Army General Staff plot
1249:2010 political protests
1224:6 October 1976 massacre
1103:(Maritime : India
733:13th Senate of Thailand
37:13th Senate of Thailand
3439:Parliament of Thailand
2663:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2153:State Audit Commission
2138:Election Commissioners
2086:āļŠāļĄāļēāļāļīāļāļ§āļļāļāļīāļŠāļ āļē or āļŠ.āļ§.)
1460:Taksin's reunification
1284:April 1933 coup d'ÃĐtat
1190:After reunited in 1767
1069:Diplomatic missions of
704:Pichet Chuamuangphan (
688:Wan Muhamad Noor Matha
591:Wan Muhamad Noor Matha
484:Deputy Prime Ministers
472:Paetongtarn Shinawatra
429:Royal Security Command
184:5 years, non-renewable
3449:National upper houses
2841:Republic of the Congo
2174:Expulsion of members.
1966:Nantana Nantavaropas
1882:2014 â Following the
1868:2006 â Following the
1545:2003 Phnom Penh riots
1445:2019 Bangkok bombings
1435:2012 Bangkok bombings
1306:Songsuradet Rebellion
1289:June 1933 coup d'ÃĐtat
1274:Palace Revolt of 1912
1244:2009 political unrest
1239:2008 political crisis
1219:1973 popular uprising
1214:1970s peasant revolts
522:Pichai Chunhavajira (
434:Crown Property Bureau
229:AugustâSeptember 2029
117:Second Vice-President
2090:Electoral Commission
2010:natural born citizen
1981:Unaffiliated/Others
1791:Constitution of 1946
1518:Communist insurgency
1512:Separatist Rebellion
1506:Dusun Nyor Rebellion
1494:Holy Man's Rebellion
1440:2015 Bangkok bombing
958:Ministry of Interior
787:Constitutional Court
775:Administrative Court
556:Independent agencies
491:Phumtham Wechayachai
391:Dipangkorn Rasmijoti
279:Politics of Thailand
207:with self-nomination
101:First Vice-President
3041:Trinidad and Tobago
2766:Antigua and Barbuda
2253:. 4 February 2020.
1922:
1841:Thanom Kittikachorn
1622:Thailand portal
1539:Blue Diamond Affair
1334:Manhattan Rebellion
1294:Boworadet rebellion
1202:Front Palace Crisis
935:Election Commission
508:Anutin Charnvirakul
126:since 26 July 2024
110:since 26 July 2024
94:since 26 July 2024
3262:Kingdom of Ireland
3207:Dominican Republic
2851:Dominican Republic
2480:Thailand Law Forum
2251:Constitute Project
2121:Exclusive Powers:
1932:Seats (Estimated)
1918:
1747:legislative branch
1669:Senate of Thailand
1279:Revolution of 1932
1259:2020â2021 protests
251:Sappaya-Sapasathan
23:Senate of Thailand
3426:
3425:
3078:other territories
2916:Japan (post-1947)
2861:Equatorial Guinea
2104:; these include:
2018:bachelor's degree
1995:
1994:
1991:
1973:
1955:
1946:Mongkol Surasatja
1942:Bhumjaithai Party
1891:2017 Constitution
1877:2007 Constitution
1812:1997 constitution
1720:
1685:
1665:
1664:
1482:Kedahan rebellion
1356:Rebellion of 1964
1082:Visa requirements
1059:Foreign relations
1013:Town Municipality
1008:City Municipality
940:Political Parties
825:General Elections
657:Bunsong Noisophon
653:Kriangkrai Srirak
641:Mongkol Surasajja
610:Mongkol Surasajja
272:
271:
256:Bangkok, Thailand
123:Bunsong Noisophon
107:Kriangkrai Srirak
91:Mongkol Surasajja
3456:
3307:Northern Ireland
3272:Japan (pre-1947)
3267:Irish Free State
2616:
2609:
2602:
2593:
2592:
2568:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2416:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2334:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2259:
2248:
2240:
2087:
1990:
1984:Premsak Piayura
1980:
1972:
1962:
1954:
1939:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1785:first permeated
1736:
1731:
1727:
1715:
1713:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1680:
1678:
1657:
1650:
1643:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1604:Bank of Thailand
1429:South insurgency
1401:2014 coup d'ÃĐtat
1396:2006 coup d'ÃĐtat
1391:1991 coup d'ÃĐtat
1366:1976 coup d'ÃĐtat
1361:1971 coup d'ÃĐtat
1351:1958 coup d'ÃĐtat
1346:1957 coup d'ÃĐtat
1328:Palace Rebellion
1317:1948 coup d'ÃĐtat
1312:1947 coup d'ÃĐtat
1229:Black May (1992)
1195:Political crisis
1186:Political unrest
857:Senate Elections
758:
675:
628:
579:
455:
382:Heir presumptive
356:
303:
290:
274:
273:
267:www.senate.go.th
243:
170:
165:
155:Political groups
149:
46:
19:
18:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3408:Multicameralism
3381:
3128:
3110:
3077:
3070:
2747:
2629:
2620:
2589:
2575:
2549:10.1355/cs36-1c
2531:
2529:Further reading
2526:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2489:
2487:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2442:
2438:
2428:
2426:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2376:
2374:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2347:
2345:
2335:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2293:
2291:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2210:
2198:vice presidents
2190:
2184:
2147:Members of the
2098:
2074:
2062:
2054:
2023:political party
2006:
1978:
1960:
1947:
1937:
1919:
1910:
1795:Pridi Banomyong
1779:
1729:
1694:
1661:
1632:
1628:Other countries
1616:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1564:
1556:
1555:
1523:
1500:Ngiao rebellion
1449:
1405:
1263:
1208:Peace Rebellion
1187:
1179:
1178:
1115:
1109:
1090:Borders :
1088:
1076:
1066:
1061:
1051:
1050:
1025:
994:
955:
945:
944:
931:
907:Local elections
903:
883:
853:
819:
809:
808:
804:Military Courts
795:
752:
742:
741:
730:
709:
699:Deputy Speakers
660:
655:
647:Vice Presidents
613:
573:
563:
562:
542:
534:
527:
521:
515:
506:
449:
439:
438:
395:
350:
340:
339:
313:
281:
255:
253:
249:
248:Chandra Chamber
226:
214:
198:
181:
174:
163:
162:
156:
127:
125:
118:
111:
109:
102:
95:
93:
86:
72:
67:
49:
32:
29:
28:
25:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3462:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3424:
3423:
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2625:of national
2623:Upper houses
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3096:Isle of Man
3011:Saint Lucia
2991:Philippines
2971:Netherlands
2906:Ivory Coast
2738:Switzerland
2728:South Sudan
2584:Thai Senate
2108:Legislation
2052:Appointment
1908:Composition
1803:upper house
1739:upper house
1689:Wutthisapha
1552:(2008â2011)
1541:(1989â2019)
1520:(1965â1983)
1496:(1901â1936)
1490:(1865â1890)
1484:(1838â1839)
1462:(1767â1771)
1340:Silent Coup
1204:(1874â1875)
1112:Foreign aid
1085:Visa policy
1073:in Thailand
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922:Subdistrict
887:Referendums
571:Legislature
333:LGBT rights
168:Nonpartisan
65:Upper house
31:Wutthisapha
3433:Categories
3292:Mauritania
3182:Costa Rica
3124:Somaliland
3056:Uzbekistan
3031:Tajikistan
2946:Madagascar
2926:Kazakhstan
2450:The Nation
2377:2019-09-30
2348:2019-01-28
2230:References
2186:See also:
2182:Leadership
2072:Membership
1851:unicameral
1831:unicameral
1768:unicameral
1730:pronounced
1695:pronounced
963:Provincial
919:Provincial
551:Ministries
409:Succession
77:Leadership
3372:Venezuela
3302:Nicaragua
2891:Indonesia
2648:Australia
2643:Argentina
2565:144759585
2194:president
2166:Judiciary
2143:Ombudsmen
1820:2014 coup
1816:2006 coup
1789:with the
1737:) is the
1584:Education
1453:Conflicts
1410:Terrorism
1107:Vietnam)
1105:Indonesia
980:Districts
974:Governors
970:Provinces
750:Judiciary
634:President
584:President
447:Executive
375:(Rama X)
189:Elections
132:Structure
84:President
3327:Rhodesia
3317:Portugal
3282:Maldives
3232:Ethiopia
3066:Zimbabwe
3036:Thailand
3016:Slovenia
2986:Paraguay
2866:Eswatini
2831:Colombia
2816:Cameroon
2811:Cambodia
2781:Barbados
2713:Pakistan
2693:Malaysia
2678:Ethiopia
2557:43281277
2516:18 April
2490:18 April
2484:Archived
2460:18 April
2454:Archived
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2367:BBC News
2294:18 April
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2264:18 April
2255:Archived
2208:See also
2202:partisan
2196:and two
2111:Scrutiny
2046:Minister
2030:bankrupt
2014:Thailand
1926:Faction
1488:Haw wars
1098:Malaysia
1092:Cambodia
1079:Passport
1040:Governor
361:The King
348:Monarchy
202:Indirect
3386:Related
3337:Senegal
3322:Prussia
3247:Hungary
3217:Ecuador
3202:Denmark
3187:Croatia
3147:Austria
3134:Defunct
3091:Bermuda
3051:Uruguay
3001:Romania
2961:Namibia
2956:Myanmar
2951:Morocco
2941:Liberia
2936:Lesotho
2911:Jamaica
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2806:Burundi
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2786:Belarus
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2653:Austria
2635:Federal
2429:29 July
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2078:Senator
1979:
1961:
1938:
1777:History
1741:of the
1719::
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1677:āļ§āļļāļāļīāļŠāļ āļē
1579:Economy
1569:History
1134:BIMSTEC
1101:Myanmar
1046:Pattaya
1036:Bangkok
1029:Special
990:Village
928:Village
916:Pattaya
913:Bangkok
681:Speaker
546:Cabinet
318:History
261:Website
68:of the
27:āļ§āļļāļāļīāļŠāļ āļē
3367:Turkey
3362:Sweden
3342:Serbia
3242:Greece
3172:Ceylon
3006:Rwanda
2996:Poland
2921:Jordan
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2791:Belize
2718:Russia
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2096:Powers
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1755:Senate
1753:, the
1712:āļāļĪāļāļŠāļ āļē
1599:Police
1514:(1948)
1508:(1948)
1502:(1902)
1473:(1819)
1420:(1972)
1342:(1951)
1336:(1951)
1330:(1949)
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1302:(1935)
1296:(1933)
1210:(1952)
727:Vacant
618:Senate
414:Regent
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164:
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3167:Burma
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2876:Gabon
2856:Egypt
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2733:Sudan
2703:Nepal
2688:India
2561:S2CID
2553:JSTOR
2258:(PDF)
2247:(PDF)
2042:felon
1998:Note:
1951:150+
1757:is a
1589:Crime
1124:ASEAN
998:Local
171:(200)
137:Seats
3312:Peru
3257:Iraq
3252:Iran
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3192:Cuba
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2821:Chad
2518:2020
2492:2020
2462:2020
2431:2024
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2321:2024
2296:2020
2266:2020
2082:Thai
2060:Term
1987:30-
1969:30-
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1667:The
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2012:of
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