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argues that such an "architecture of serendipity" would promote a healthier democracy. Like a great city or university, "a well-functioning information market" provides exposure to new ideas, people, and ways of life. "Serendipity is crucial because it expands your horizons. You need that if you want
65:
first came upon the concept-and-term of serendipity in the 1930s in the Oxford
English Dictionary. Here, he discovered that the word had been coined by Walpole. Merton revealed 1946 his concept of the “serendipity pattern” in empirical research, of observing an unanticipated, anomalous, and strategic
69:
The concept is often associated with scientific and technological breakthroughs, where accidental discoveries led to new insights or inventions. For example, many significant discoveries in history, such as penicillin, Post-it notes, Viagra, or the microwave, arose from unforeseen circumstances that
399:
has argued that serendipitous discovery is promoted by such personalisation, writing that "people don't know what to do with random new information. Instead, we want information that is at the fringe of what we already know, because that is when we have the cognitive structures to make sense of the
73:
While in popular usage often understood as a matter of pure chance, scientific discussions emphasize the crucial role of human agency—recognizing, interpreting, and acting upon unexpected opportunities. This interaction between chance and conscious action has been a key theme in areas such as
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views serendipity as "active luck," where chance encounters and human action come together. A missed flight or a casual walk in the park can lead to new friendships, interests, or even career opportunities.
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in the late twentieth century to mean somewhat the opposite of serendipity: "making unhappy, unlucky and expected discoveries occurring by design". The derivation is speculative, but believed to be from
1486:
Solomon, Yosef, & Bronstein, Jenny. "Information
Serendipity, Pseudo-Serendipity, Zemblanity, Disruptive Discovery and Nemorinity: Revisiting Donizetti's and Romani's Opera Buffa L'elisir d'Amore"
66:
datum, which becomes the occasion for developing a new theory. Merton describes it later as „the discovery through chance by a theoretically prepared mind of valid findings which were not sought for“
395:. Winterton's discovery was aided by Flickr's ability to present images that are personalized to a user's interests, thereby increasing the odds he would chance upon the photo. Computer scientist
601:
Merton, R. K. and Barber, E. (2004). The
Travels and Adventures of Serendipity: A Study in Sociological Semantics and the Sociology of Science. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
237:, has speculated that most everyday products had serendipitous roots, with many early ones related to animals. The origin of cheese, for example, possibly originated in the
619:
Copeland, S. (2018). ‘“Fleming leapt on the unusual like a weasel on a vole”: challenging the paradigms of discovery in science’. Perspectives on
Science, 26, 694–721.
115:. The princes, he told his correspondent, were "always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things which they were not in quest of." The name comes from
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Serendipity is a design principle for online activity that would present viewpoints that diverge from those participants already hold. Harvard Law professor
292:. Raytheon scientist Percy Spencer first patented the idea behind it after noticing that emissions from radar equipment had melted the candy in his pocket.
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310:, whose origins go back to San Francisco where Frank Epperson, age 11, accidentally left a mix of water and soda powder outside to freeze overnight.
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R. Campa: Making
Science by Serendipity. A review of Robert K. Merton and Elinor Barber’s The Travels and Adventures of Serendipity
506:
1410:
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Race, T. M. and Makri, S. (2016). Accidental
Information Discovery. Cultivating Serendipity in the Digital Age. London: Elsevier.
656:
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1161:"Alexander Fleming: Fleming's serendipitous discovery of penicillin changed the course of medicine and earned him a Nobel Prize"
136:
The word has been exported into many other languages, with the general meaning of "unexpected discovery" or "fortunate chance".
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Reviglio, Urbano (2019-01-02). "Serendipity as an emerging design principle of the infosphere: challenges and opportunities".
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to be free." The idea has potential application in the design of social media, information searches, and web browsing.
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practice of storing milk in the stomach of a dead camel that was attached to the saddle of a live one, thereby mixing
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The term "serendipity" is often applied to inventions made by chance rather than intent. Andrew Smith, editor of
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Serendipity: Seemingly Random Events, Insignificant
Decisions, and Accidental Discoveries that Altered History
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The
Travels and Adventures of Serendipity: A Study in Sociological Semantics and the Sociology of Science
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The
Travels and Adventures of Serendipity: A Study in Sociological Semantics and the Sociology of Science
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hook-and-loop fastener. George de
Mestral came up with the idea after a bird hunting trip when he viewed
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coined the word and described an amazing discovery as being “of that kind which I call Serendipity”.
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in 1943, after unintentionally ingesting an unknown amount, possibly absorbing it through his skin.
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produced a weak adhesive, and a colleague used it to keep bookmarks in place on a church hymnal.
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In addition, Solomon & Bronstein (2018) further distinguish between perceptual and realised
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Several uncommonly used terms have been derived from the concept and name of serendipity.
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stuck to his pants under a microscope and saw that each burr was covered with tiny hooks.
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ACM Paper on Creating serendipitous encounters in a geographically distributed community
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750:. Edited, with an Introduction and Notes, by Theodore G. Remer. Preface by W. S. Lewis.
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de Rond, M. (2014). ‘The structure of serendipity’. Culture and Organization, 20, 342–58
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Dew, N. (2009). ‘Serendipity in entrepreneurship’. Organization Studies, 30, 735–53.
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Christian Busch: The Serendipity Mindset: The Art and Science of Creating Good Luck
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Journal of Evolution and Technology - Vol. 17 Issue 1 – March 2008- pgs 75-83
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776:(Paperback ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. pp. 1–3.
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1082:"This Month in Physics History: February 9, 1990: Death of George de Mestral"
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Accidental Information Discovery: Cultivating Serendipity in the Digital Age
689:"Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization"
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391:, which he found not in its native Malaysia, but on the photo-sharing site
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LSD, my problem child: reflections on sacred drugs, mysticism, and science
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of serendipitous discoveries or research results by powerful individuals.
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Sommer, Toby J. "Bahramdipity and Nulltiple Scientific Discoveries,"
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after returning from a vacation to find that a Petri dish containing
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Serendipity contributed to entomologist Shaun Winterton discovering
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on nextbigideaclub.com. Book: New York: Penguin Random House 2020.
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Serendipity and the Three Princes, from the Peregrinaggio of 1557
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436:, a barren archipelago once the site of Russian nuclear testing.
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from killing children, which came from a chair developed by the
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Contemporary ethnographic practice and the value of serendipity
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995:. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. 2005. pp. 90, 391.
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A New Theory of Serendipity: Nature, Emergence and Mechanism
1432:
Sommer, Toby J. "'Bahramdipity' and Scientific Research",
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creativity, leadership, innovation, and entrepreneurship
93:
on 28 January 1754. In a letter he wrote to his friend
1629:
Video: Are Scientific Discoveries Merely Lucky Shots?
248:
Other examples of serendipity in inventions include:
26:"Happy accident" redirects here. For other uses, see
1193:(Fourth English Language ed.). Santa Cruz, CA.
1059:. University of California Museum of Paleontology.
1543:
888:Italian Dictionary Hoepli by Aldo Gabrielli, cfr.
129:by Arab traders. It is derived from the Sanskrit
1847:
1296:Race, Tammera M.; Makri, Stephann (2016-06-13).
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364:The serendipitous discovery of a new species of
1572:Serendipity: Accidental Discoveries in Science
245:from the stomach with the milk stored within.
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57:is an unplanned fortunate discovery. In 1754
1589:Isabelle Rivoal and Noel B. Salazar (2013).
1515:
796:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
592:The Free Press, Glencoe IL 1957, S. 12.
89:The first noted use of "serendipity" was by
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235:Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink
70:were then recognized and capitalized upon.
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1646:
1516:Merton, Robert K.; Barber, Elinor (2004).
1221:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1295:
1265:
1238:"How to Not Find What You're Looking For"
772:Barber, Robert K. Merton, Elinor (2006).
273:The use of sensors to prevent automobile
1546:Serendipity, Luck and Wisdom in Research
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1136:
728:"The creation of the word 'serendipity'"
507:Role of chance in scientific discoveries
359:
343:The effect on humans of the psychedelic
133:(Siṃhalaḥ, Sinhalese + dvīpaḥ, island).
45:
32:
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1266:Pazzanese, Christina (March 24, 2017).
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972:(意外发现 that is "unexpected discovery").
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730:. Strawberry Hill House & Garden.
266:, which came from a failed attempt at
109:by reference to a Persian fairy tale,
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1268:"Danger in the internet echo chamber"
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1236:Starr, Karla (September 12, 2012).
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590:Social Theory and Social Structure.
554:. Oxford dictionary. Archived from
340:mold, and no bacteria grew near it.
256:, which emerged after 3M scientist
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14:
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1336:Ethics and Information Technology
1242:Scientific American Blog Network
825:– via The Free Dictionary.
746:Remer, Theodore G., ed. (1965).
734:from the original on 2018-07-06.
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347:was discovered by Swiss chemist
345:lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
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1413:from the original on 2020-12-29
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1278:from the original on 2021-04-16
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1248:from the original on 2019-02-18
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1034:from the original on 2019-08-11
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818:from the original on 2018-10-13
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687:Busch, Christian (2024-05-01).
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336:culture had been infected by a
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1633:Delft University of Technology
1458:Science and Engineering Ethics
736:Strawberry Hill Treasure Hunt.
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16:Unplanned, fortunate discovery
1:
1795:Rebound effect (conservation)
1401:Boyle, Richard (2009-03-12).
974:Others use directly the term
726:Silvia Davoli (2 July 2018).
693:Journal of Management Studies
534:
449:The Three Princes of Serendip
144:
112:The Three Princes of Serendip
1775:Parable of the broken window
1569:Roberts, Royston M. (1989).
1403:"Serendipity and Zemblanity"
752:University of Oklahoma Press
84:
21:Serendipity (disambiguation)
7:
1542:Hannan, Patrick J. (2006).
1110:Thomas, J. Thorson (2017).
470:
10:
1902:
1835:Tyranny of small decisions
1538:(Manuscript written 1958).
1524:Princeton University Press
1053:"The story of serendipity"
1024:"The Power Of Serendipity"
993:Collins Chinese Dictionary
633:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH.
629:Vuong, Quan-Hoang (2022).
328:, which was discovered by
121:, an old Persian name for
25:
18:
1720:Excess burden of taxation
1675:
1614:The Serendipity Equations
1348:10.1007/s10676-018-9496-y
1165:Science History Institute
1116:. Windy City Publishers.
1086:American Physical Society
442:is derived directly from
1189:Hofmann, Albert (2009).
152:Serendipitous inventions
1805:Self-defeating prophecy
1669:Unintended consequences
1497:iConference Proceedings
1830:Tragedy of the commons
1619:Serendipity of Science
552:OxfordDictionaries.com
378:
51:
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1876:Creativity Management
1856:Philosophy of science
1780:Paradox of enrichment
1631:, Samantha Copeland,
1625:series by Simon Singh
1057:Understanding Science
363:
330:Sir Alexander Fleming
50:Robert K. Merton 1965
49:
36:
1881:Cognitive psychology
1750:Inverse consequences
1595:Social Anthropology,
1167:. December 5, 2017.
879:(fortunate chance);
519:Serendipity Sapphire
452:. It describes the
446:as characterized in
19:For other uses, see
1725:Four Pests campaign
387:, a new species of
1810:Self-refuting idea
1790:Perverse incentive
1491:2023-07-15 at the
1473:2018-11-26 at the
1449:2001-11-02 at the
1384:, New York, 1998.
1030:. 5 October 2007.
893:2020-12-05 at the
705:10.1111/joms.12890
588:Robert K. Merton:
502:Multiple discovery
461:pseudo-serendipity
379:
52:
44:
1861:Scientific method
1843:
1842:
1800:Risk compensation
1272:Harvard Law Today
1200:978-0-9798622-2-9
1088:. February 2004.
954:(Серендипность);
513:Serendipaceratops
1893:
1825:Streisand effect
1735:Hawthorne effect
1695:Butterfly effect
1690:Braess's paradox
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497:Lateral thinking
427:coined the term
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125:(Ceylon), hence
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194:Silly Putty
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1282:2019-06-24
1252:2019-02-18
1175:2020-04-28
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