388:
64:
524:, was responsive to the Japanese, Japan would give their support to the Chinese government. The Japanese Foreign Ministry, who wanted to dismantle the Manchu-Mongol Independence Movement, reached an agreement with Kawashima Naniwa. Shanqi's men were to be disbanded in 16 days from the agreement. The loans given to him were to be continued, but the 215,000 yen used by Kawashima would be deducted. On 7 September, the movement was officially disbanded.
453:(Head of the Gendarmerie). In early 1909, Shanqi, as the head of civilian affairs, drew up a plan to cut down administrative spending and focus more on police personnel as a way to reduce police spending as a whole. This led to the removal and replacement of the positions of
426:, as a commander in the Army, as a member of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and as an early leader within the Beijing gendarmerie and Qing police system. During the late Qing dynasty, there was a movement for a constitution. With the later years of the
503:
in 1917, two Manchu-Mongol independence movements were launched, both of which ended in failure. Shanqi was involved in the first one. The 1916 Manchu-Mongol
Independence Movement, supported by businessman
508:, involved a one million yen investment to the Royalist Party, who held an army in Manchuria, composed of restorationists and Mongolian bandits. These funds were used to buy and transport arms. General
415:
in his bid to become emperor after his death. However, after a decision by an assembly of Manchu nobles and authorities, Fulin, the ninth brother, was chosen as emperor (becoming the
520:. However, as Tanaka was unable to receive arms in time, he suspended the operations on 4 April. After Yuan Shikai's death, the Japanese decided that if the new President of China,
449:. He served terms at the Ministry of the Interior, when he developed the gendarmerie, and the Ministry of Dependencies. These terms overlapped. He held the position of
930:
Gabbiani, Luca (2003). "'The
Redemption of the Rascals': The Xinzheng Reforms and the Transformation of the Status of Lower-Level Central Administration Personnel".
472:, proclaiming his "official duty to the lord" (junchen dayi). Shanqi refused to accept the abdication of Xuantong and was smuggled to the Japanese concession of
488:(Jin Bihui changed her name to Yoshiko Kawashima to reflect this). However, this plan failed when the Japanese withdrew their support in favor of working with
650:
560:
286:
606:
556:
282:
99:
1202:
446:
328:
89:
1182:
1197:
516:, eventually striking Beijing. This uprising was to be started on 15 April 1916, and timed to be at the same time as the
480:. In 1912, Shanqi gained Japanese support to create an independent Manchu state under Puyi along with his 14th daughter,
1046:
984:
839:
914:
555:(the Princess Consort), and had four other concubines. He had 21 sons, the most notable being his eldest son,
445:
In 1908, Shanqi joined a group supervising the
Admiralty (haijun yamen). He was an acquaintance of the Manchu
536:
1038:
Manchus & Han: Ethnic
Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861–1928
1172:
430:, Shanqi was known to be sympathetic to revolutionaries. During the early days of the Xuantong Emperor (
1192:
477:
240:
517:
1005:
Valliant, Robert B. (1972). "Japanese
Involvement in Mongol Independence Movements, 1912-1919".
906:
387:
63:
1177:
396:
147:
106:
1036:
974:
809:
376:
528:
236:
33:. In accordance with Manchu custom, it should be used alone or with titles but not with the
1187:
1167:
1162:
613:
Issue: One daughter, Lianlu who married Yong'en in 1940 and had issue (4 sons, 3 daughters)
435:
8:
1142:
Aisin-GIoro Jiazu
Quanshu - Jiazu Quanshi (Aisin-Gioro Clan Full Book - Full Clan History
1079:
Altman, Albert A.; Schiffrin, Harold Z. (1972). "Sun Yat-sen and the
Japanese: 1914-16".
208:
1207:
1104:
1096:
1014:
955:
947:
899:
864:
496:
473:
1108:
1042:
980:
959:
910:
855:
Dray Novey, Allison J. (2007). "The
Twilight of the Beijing Gendarmerie, 1900-1924".
835:
749:
564:
512:
was to assist him in capturing Mukden and setting up a
Manchurian state North of the
481:
465:
290:
277:
829:
1088:
939:
485:
404:
348:
1063:
539:. Due to his loyalty (zhong) to Puyi, he was posthumously named Prince Su Zhong (
505:
427:
416:
469:
1092:
943:
1156:
509:
439:
412:
816:(清史稿-卷二百十九-列传六): 华丰，袭，历内大臣、宗令。以火器营设碓制药，占用王府地，华丰力拒之，诏责不知大体，罢宗令、内大臣。八年，薨，谥曰恪。
372:
318:
521:
489:
423:
368:
306:
216:
38:
22:
1018:
868:
951:
901:
Orphan
Warriors: Three Manchu Generations and the End of the Qing World
805:
513:
408:
26:
1100:
578:
Paternal grandfather: Huafeng, Prince Suke of the First Rank (肃恪亲王 华丰)
563:. He also had 17 daughters, the most notable being his 14th daughter,
834:, Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press,
500:
400:
364:
71:
599:
552:
758:
674:
568:
294:
831:
The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions
532:
313:
301:
252:
212:
34:
1041:. Seattle, Londo: University of Washington Press. p. 236.
581:
Paternal grandmother: Lady Wugiya (吴佳氏), daughter of Delin (得林)
16:
Chinese nobleman, Qing dynasty prince and minister (1866–1922)
574:
Father: Longqin, Prince Sulian of the First Rank (肃良亲王 隆勤)
431:
183:
140:
1128:
The Last Hereditary Prince Su of the Qing Dynasty - Shanqi
375:, as well as a minister in the late Qing. He was from the
535:. During his lifetime, Shanqi never reconciled with the
531:. His body was transported to the Prince Su Cemetery in
884:
Full Book of the Aisin-Gioro Clan - Full Family History
630:
Xianshan (显珊), third daughter adopted by lady Cenggiya
395:
Shanqi was born on 5 October 1866 (27 August on the
898:
442:were revealed, Shanqi was questioned by Zaifeng.
355:; 5 October 1866 – 29 March 1922), courtesy name
1154:
1078:
723:Secondary consort, of the Zhanggiya clan (张佳氏)
972:
703:Secondary consort, of the Janggiya clan (姜佳氏)
635:Secondary consort, of the Cenggiya clan (程佳氏)
419:, while Hooge kept his position of Prince Su.
585:Mother: Lady Ligiya (李佳氏), secondary consort
1034:
1000:
998:
996:
973:Esherick, Joseph W.; George, C.X. (2019).
854:
399:) in Beijing. He was the tenth-generation
62:
1124:Qingchao Zuihou Yiren Su Qinwang - Shanqi
434:), when plans to assassinate the regent,
107:Minister of the National Minority Affairs
1061:
1030:
1028:
1004:
929:
896:
386:
993:
850:
848:
804:
484:, whom he had allowed to be adopted by
422:Shanqi served as the tax supervisor of
1155:
1062:Yang, Xuechen; Zhou, Yuanlian (1990).
905:. Princeton University Press. p.
776:Mistress, of the Zhanggiya clan (张佳氏)
1025:
845:
468:, Shanqi formed the backbone of the
1139:
881:
766:Mistress, of the Ligiya clan (李佳氏)
589:Maternal grandfather: Changlin (常林)
13:
1121:
811:Qingshigao - Juan 219 - Liezhuan 6
718:Xiancong (显琮), thirteenth daughter
411:, and was supported by the Yellow
391:Residence of Prince Su (Suwang Fu)
14:
1219:
1203:Qing dynasty government officials
755:Xianliu (显瑠), sixteenth daughter
698:Xianxun (显珣), fifteenth daughter
1183:Manchu Bordered White Bannermen
1133:
1115:
1072:
1055:
746:Xiandong (先东), twenty-first son
1068:(in Chinese). pp. 412–20.
966:
923:
897:Crossley, Pamela Kyle (1990).
890:
875:
822:
798:
407:. Hooge was the eldest son of
1:
1198:Qing dynasty imperial princes
1035:Edward J. M., Rhoads (2000).
1007:The Mongolia Society Bulletin
863:(3). Sage Publications: 363.
791:
738:Xianrong (先容), nineteenth son
712:Xianqi (显琪), seventh daughter
692:Xian'e (显珴), twelfth daughter
627:Xian'er (显珥), second daughter
624:Xianxuan (显瑄), first daughter
371:clan, the ruling clan of the
735:Xiankai (先开), eighteenth son
732:Xianji (先基), seventeenth son
715:Xianjiu (显玖), ninth daughter
706:Xianyun (先允), thirteenth son
695:Xianshi (显瑡), tenth daughter
148:Minister of Internal Affairs
7:
729:Xianfang (先方),sixteenth son
726:Xianli (先立), fourteenth son
709:Xianjiu (先久), fifteenth son
610:(先章; 1885–1947), first son
551:Shanqi was married to Lady
365:Prince Su of the First Rank
72:Prince Su of the First Rank
56:Prince Su of the First Rank
10:
1224:
979:. Routledge. p. 291.
976:China: How the Empire Fell
828:Rawski, Evelyn S. (1998),
673:Secondary consort, of the
382:
20:
1093:10.1017/S0026749X00004273
944:10.1017/S0026749X03004037
621:Xianzhen (先真), eighth son
567:, and his 17th daughter,
546:
540:
478:Kwantung Leased Territory
461:within the police force.
360:
352:
334:
324:
312:
300:
276:
260:
246:
241:Kwantung Leased Territory
222:
193:
189:
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136:
128:
120:
116:15 August–1 November 1911
112:
105:
95:
85:
77:
70:
61:
54:
47:
638:Xianping (先平), third son
598:Primary consort, of the
527:In 1922, Shanqi died in
1144:. Jilin People's Press.
886:. Jilin People's Press.
618:Xiande (先德), second son
518:National Protection War
1140:Liu, Xiaomeng (1997).
882:Liu, Xiaomeng (1997).
761:, seventeenth daughter
686:Xianyuan, eleventh son
647:Xianyi (先宜), fifth son
397:Chinese Lunar Calendar
392:
367:, was a prince of the
1065:Qingdai Baqi Wanggong
752:, fourteenth daughter
543:, Su Zhong Qinwang).
495:Before and after the
390:
377:Bordered White Banner
1081:Modern Asian Studies
932:Modern Asian Studies
689:Xianjun, twelfth son
593:Consorts and issue:
403:and a descendant of
251:Prince Su Cemetery,
157:5 May–15 August 1911
680:Xianying, sixth son
255:, Republic of China
209:Shuntian Prefecture
1173:Manchu politicians
1122:Wanbao, Liaoning.
683:Xiangui, ninth son
497:Manchu Restoration
393:
237:Lüshunkou District
780:Eleventh daughter
750:Yoshiko Kawashima
537:Republic of China
466:Xinhai Revolution
342:
341:
291:Yoshiko Kawashima
1215:
1193:Chinese nobility
1147:
1145:
1137:
1131:
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1119:
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1112:
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644:(先常), fourth son
542:
486:Kawashima Naniwa
362:
354:
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184:Xuantong Emperor
175:Guichun (acting)
166:position created
141:Xuantong Emperor
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823:
803:
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770:Eighth daughter
657:Fourth daughter
595:
559:, and 7th son,
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506:Okura Kihachiro
428:Guangxu Emperor
417:Shunzhi Emperor
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1132:
1114:
1087:(4): 385–400.
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1054:
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1024:
992:
985:
965:
938:(4): 799–829.
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451:Bujun tongling
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272:Lady Zhanggiya
270:Lady Janggiya
268:Lady Tunggiya
266:Lady Cenggiya
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234:(aged 55)
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1178:Manchu people
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1048:9780295997483
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840:0-520-22837-5
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743:
742:Twentieth son
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510:Tanaka Giichi
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440:Wang Zhaoming
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1006:
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857:Modern China
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463:
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450:
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421:
394:
373:Qing dynasty
363:), formally
356:
344:
343:
264:Lady Hešeri
165:
55:
37:
30:
18:
1188:Monarchists
1168:1922 deaths
1163:1866 births
1013:(2): 1–32.
842:. pp. 98-9.
806:Zhao, Erxun
522:Li Yuanhong
490:Yuan Shikai
474:Port Arthur
424:Chongwenmen
369:Aisin-Gioro
338:Lady Ligiya
307:Aisin-Gioro
217:Qing Empire
162:Predecessor
121:Predecessor
86:Predecessor
39:Aisin-Gioro
23:Manchu name
1157:Categories
916:0691008779
792:References
651:Jin Bidong
561:Jin Bidong
514:Great Wall
464:After the
409:Hong Taiji
287:Jin Bidong
230:1922-03-30
203:1866-10-05
27:given name
1208:Prince Su
1109:144549205
960:145448740
642:Xianchang
607:Xianzhang
565:Jin Bihui
557:Xianzhang
501:Zhang Xun
482:Jin Bihui
401:Prince Su
283:Xianzhang
172:Successor
129:Successor
100:Xianzhang
96:Successor
81:1898–1922
35:clan name
1019:43192993
869:20062675
759:Jin Moyu
675:Tunggiya
569:Jin Moyu
455:Guichang
447:Jinliang
295:Jin Moyu
21:In this
952:3876527
533:Beijing
476:in the
436:Zaifeng
413:Banners
383:History
349:Chinese
329:Longqin
314:Dynasty
261:Spouses
253:Beijing
228: (
213:Beijing
201: (
180:Monarch
137:Monarch
90:Longqin
1107:
1101:311539
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1017:
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958:
950:
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867:
838:
818:].
600:Hešeri
553:Hešeri
547:Family
529:Lüshun
459:Qiyuan
357:Aitang
351::
345:Shanqi
335:Mother
325:Father
247:Burial
197:Shanqi
154:Tenure
132:Dashou
124:Shouqi
113:Tenure
78:Tenure
48:Shanqi
31:Shanqi
25:, the
1105:S2CID
1097:JSTOR
1015:JSTOR
956:S2CID
948:JSTOR
865:JSTOR
814:[
677:clan
602:clan
438:, by
405:Hooge
302:House
278:Issue
1043:ISBN
981:ISBN
911:ISBN
836:ISBN
541:肅忠親王
457:and
432:Puyi
319:Qing
223:Died
194:Born
1089:doi
940:doi
907:194
499:by
29:is
1159::
1126:.
1103:.
1095:.
1083:.
1027:^
1011:11
1009:.
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954:.
946:.
936:37
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909:.
861:33
859:.
847:^
808:.
571:.
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361:艾堂
353:善耆
239:,
215:,
211:,
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1021:.
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359:(
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42:.
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