295:
with the purpose of upholding and emphasising its authority against the attacks of the
Karaites. He frequently formulates in his responsa rules which are highly important for the correct interpretation of the Talmud. For instance, he declares that the term "mitzvah" designates in some passages a command that may not be broken with impunity, but in other passages denotes merely an admonition with which it would be commendable to comply, but which may be disregarded without fear of punishment. He was also a part of the Rabbinic constitution of EIBLC
565:
270:, though the nature of the accusation is unknown. He and his son were imprisoned and deprived of their property, even of the necessaries of life. Though the incarceration was brief, Sherira was now in very bad health. Sherira resigned the gaonate in 998 C.E., appointing his son as his successor. Sherira died soon after, circa 1006 C.E. He was the alleged father in law of
290:
Indeed, his literary activity was confined to
Talmudic and to related subjects. He was not greatly interested in Arabic literature, although he knew enough Arabic to be able to write in that language those of his decisions that were addressed to communities in Muslim countries. Generally he preferred
286:
have been preserved in the geonic collections and in the works containing the earlier decisions. His responsa are similar to the geonic responsa in general, a majority of them dealing with questions of religious practice, though some of them contain expositions and comments on passages of the Talmud
294:
Sherira was noted for the nobility and seriousness of his character. As a judge he endeavoured to arrive at the exact facts of a case and to render his decisions in strict conformity with the Law. In deciding practical questions he adopted the more rigorous view, following the letter of the Talmud
314:), he replied in a responsum that the passage in "Shi'ur Ḳomah" ascribing human organs to God embodies profound mysteries, but must not be taken literally. Sherira wrote a work on the Talmud, under the title "Megillat Setarim." In this work he seems to have discussed the importance of the
248:
branch of that family, which, he claimed, on account of the deterioration of the exilarchate had renounced its claims thereto, preferring instead the scholar's life. The seal of his family was a lion, which was said to have been the emblem of the Judean kings.
917:
1202:
1253:
1187:
1268:
606:
David J. E, “‘As it was
Written in the Book of Adam’ The Chronology of the Halakhah and the Mythical Perception of History in the Late Pumbeditian Thought” Tarbitz, 74:2 (2006).(Heb.)
228:
Sherira was born circa 906 C.E., the descendant, both on his father's and his mother's side, of prominent families, several members of which had occupied the gaonate. His father was
947:
1156:
1111:
1070:
1045:
912:
1416:
1406:
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1223:
1207:
1085:
1371:
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847:
842:
837:
1436:
1426:
1361:
1321:
1258:
942:
872:
1396:
1376:
1336:
1171:
765:
1065:
1060:
867:
857:
817:
229:
1243:
1024:
907:
801:
806:
957:
887:
882:
852:
796:
1166:
1161:
1101:
892:
1273:
1386:
1030:
952:
862:
1151:
937:
897:
877:
770:
1233:
1106:
1095:
1080:
1456:
822:
1381:
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as gaon in 960. On
Nehemiah's death in 968 C.E., Sherira was elected gaon of the Academy of Pumbedita, soon after which he appointed his son,
1228:
1018:
791:
1090:
1040:
786:
619:
1146:
1012:
775:
760:
750:
1289:
1508:
755:
1075:
601:
578:
472:
433:
714:
652:
485:
327:
1421:
1411:
271:
635:
252:
Sherira officiated first as chief judge. While in that office, he refused to recognize the election of
967:
663:
253:
1472:
212:
1116:
583:
547:. Jerusalem: Rabbi Jacob Joseph School Press - Ahavath Torah Institute Moznaim. p. Preface.
544:
17:
1451:
1326:
1523:
1356:
781:
199:
1518:
1513:
1441:
1035:
707:
8:
1121:
282:
As director of the academy he sought to reach pupils both near and far, and many of his
1431:
1401:
1126:
1055:
982:
1351:
1136:
1131:
962:
732:
674:
642:
597:
548:
468:
429:
399:
318:; but the portion of the work containing his opinions on this subject has been lost.
631:
Henry
Abramson: Letter of Rav Sherira Gaon (First Person Accounts in Jewish History)
216:(" Epistle of Rav Sherira Gaon"), a comprehensive history of the composition of the
1446:
1331:
1297:
1192:
1182:
1141:
927:
902:
811:
745:
337:
306:" and "Hekalot" and whether they represented ancient traditions (originating with
1503:
1197:
977:
740:
700:
303:
233:
1482:
1346:
1313:
1238:
1050:
827:
623:
574:
464:
421:
629:
1497:
932:
922:
670:
569:
552:
195:
1341:
1001:
993:
536:
241:
366:
is considered by many to be one of the classics in Jewish historiography.
1176:
832:
403:
311:
568: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
332:
Sherira's seminal work for which he is most renowned is his
Epistle, or
1477:
307:
508:"Teshubot Ge'one Mizraḥ u-Ma'arab," No. 141, in "Bet Talmud," iv. 351
355:
263:
In 997, he and his son were maliciously denounced by enemies to the
244:. Sherira stated that his genealogy could be traced back to the pre-
1302:
684:
341:
299:
283:
267:
257:
245:
237:
207:
594:
The Geonim of
Babylonia and the Shaping of Medieval Jewish Culture
315:
86:
1006:
723:
375:
350:
345:
264:
217:
203:
191:
183:
1366:
475:, i. 66-67, according to Weiss's emendation in "Dor," v. 174
348:
was formulated, and brings down a chronological list of the
692:
486:"ELIJAH BEN MENAHEM HA-ZAḲEN - JewishEncyclopedia.com"
354:
who officiated in
Babylonia during the period of the
298:
Sherira is thought by some to have been a student of
445:
Letter of
Sherira Gaon, in Neubauer, l.c. i. 23, 33
344:, and where he addressed the question of how the
1495:
467:, "Medieval Jewish Chronicles" (Oxford, 1887)
27:10th century gaon of the Academy of Pumbeditha
708:
232:, also a gaon. Sherira claimed descent from
573:
302:; but when asked about the mystical works "
291:to use Hebrew or Aramaic for that purpose.
715:
701:
596:, Yale University Press 1998, repr. 2012:
463:Abraham ibn Daud, "Sefer ha-Ḳabbalah," in
420:Abraham ibn Daud, "Sefer ha-Ḳabbalah," in
210:, who succeeded him as Gaon. He wrote the
186:: שרירא בר חנינא) more commonly known as
918:Mattithiah ha-Kohen b. Ravrevay b. Hanina
526:Aboab, introduction to "Menorat ha-Ma'or"
194:: שרירא גאון; c. 906 – c. 1006) was the
14:
1496:
416:
414:
412:
321:
1076:Bebai ha-Levi ben Abba of Nehar Pekod
696:
1203:Israel ha-Kohen ben Samuel ben Hofni
535:
240:, thereby claiming descent from the
236:, who belonged to the family of the
409:
202:. He was one of the most prominent
24:
1254:Daniel ben Eleazer ben Hibat Allah
25:
1535:
1188:Zemah Tzedek ben Paltoi ben Issac
613:
577:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
206:of his period, and the father of
53:Gaon of the Academy of Pumbeditha
1269:Isaac ben Israel Ibn al-Shuwaykh
587:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
563:
394:Trans. Nosson Dovid Rabinowich,
541:The Iggeres of Rav Sherira Gaon
529:
396:The Iggeres of Rav Sherira Gaon
277:
1509:Rabbis of Academy of Pumbedita
948:Kohen Tzedek Kahana ben Joseph
520:
511:
502:
478:
457:
448:
439:
388:
13:
1:
381:
328:Iggeret of Rabbi Sherira Gaon
1442:Sar Shalom ben Moses ha-Levi
1422:Masliah ben Solomon ha-Cohen
1412:Abiathar ben Elijah ha-Cohen
1157:Hilai ben Natronai ben Hilai
1112:Mesharsheya Kahana ben Jacob
1071:Mari ha-Levi ben Mesharsheya
1046:Mari ha-Kohen of Nehar Pekod
913:Menahem ben Joseph ben Hiyya
260:, chief judge in his stead.
7:
1417:Solomon ben Elijah ha-Cohen
1407:Elijah ben Solomon ha-Cohen
1392:Solomon ben Joseph ha-Cohen
1264:Isaac ben al-Awani ha-Cohen
1249:Eleazer ben Hillel ben Fahd
1224:Isaac ben Moses ben Sukkari
1208:Azariah ha-Kohen ben Israel
1086:Jacob ha-Kohen ben Mordecai
653:Chabad.org Rav Sherira Gaon
620:Lecture on Rav Sherira Gaon
517:"Sha'are Teshubah," No. 122
398:(Jerusalem: Moznaim, 1988)
369:
272:Elijah ben Menahem Ha-Zaken
10:
1540:
1372:Samuel ben Joseph ha-Cohen
1279:Samuel ben Daniel ha-Cohen
848:Huna ben ha-Levi ben Isaac
843:Haninai Kahana ben Abraham
838:Haninai Kahana ben Abraham
722:
490:www.jewishencyclopedia.com
426:Medieval Jewish Chronicles
325:
1473:Mar Isaac of Firuz Shabur
1465:
1437:Netanel ben Moses ha-Levi
1427:Moses ben Netanel ha-Levi
1362:Joseph ben Ezrun ha-Cohen
1322:Pinhas ben Jacob ha-Cohen
1311:
1287:
1259:Hibat Allah ben Abil Rabi
1216:
991:
968:Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek
943:Mebasser Kahana ben Kimoi
873:Abumai Kahana ben Abraham
730:
681:
668:
664:Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek
660:
254:Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek
173:
165:
157:
149:
141:
133:
129:
121:
117:Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek
113:
108:
100:
92:
82:
74:
62:
57:
49:
42:
32:
1397:Solomon ben Judah (Gaon)
1377:Jose ben Samuel ha-Cohen
1337:Aaron ben Moses ben Meir
1172:Yom-Tob Kahana ben Jacob
1021:(Mesharsheya b. Tahlifa)
766:Huna Mari ben Mar Joseph
756:Rav Rabbah (Rava, Ravah)
643:Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon
213:Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon
169:Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon
43:
1217:Later Babylonian Geonim
1117:Kohen Tzedek ben Abimai
1066:Haninai Kahana ben Huna
1061:Ahhunai Kahana ben Papa
868:Kahana ben Haninai Gaon
858:Isaiah ha-Levi ben Abba
818:Hananya ben Mesharsheya
584:The Jewish Encyclopedia
545:Nosson Dovid Rabinowich
230:Hananiah ben R. Yehudai
223:
1452:Sar Shalom ben Abraham
1327:Jehoshaphat ben Josiah
1244:Zechariah ben Berakhel
1025:Hanina of Nehar Pekkod
908:Aha Kahana ben Mar Rav
802:Natroi Kahana b. Emuna
1357:Aaron ha-Cohen (Gaon)
1303:Chushiel ben Elchanan
782:Natronai ben Nehemiah
646:, Da'at Encyclopedia
300:kabbalistic mysticism
200:Academy of Pumbeditha
1036:Jacob of Nehar Pekod
958:Hananiah ben Yehudai
888:Joseph ben Mar Hiyya
761:Rav Bosai (Bostanai)
104:Hananiah ben Yehudai
1122:Sar Shalom ben Boaz
883:Abraham ben Sherira
853:Manasseh ben Joseph
797:Samuel ben Mar Mari
579:"SHERIRA B. ḤANINA"
454:Sherira, l.c. i. 41
336:, written to Rabbi
322:His circular letter
1432:Abraham ben Mazhir
1402:Daniel ben Azariah
1167:Jacob ben Natronai
1162:Shalom ben Mishael
1127:Natronai ben Hilai
1102:Hilai ben Hananiah
893:Isaac ben Hananiah
624:Dr. Henry Abramson
180:Sherira bar Hanina
67:Sherira bar Hanina
1491:
1490:
1352:Abraham ben Aaron
1274:Ali ben Zechariah
1177:Saadia ben Joseph
1137:Nahshon ben Zadok
1098:(Issac ben Jesse)
963:Aaron ibn Sargado
733:Pumbedita Academy
691:
690:
682:Succeeded by
675:Pumbedita Academy
287:and the Mishnah.
177:
176:
145:Pumbedita Academy
16:(Redirected from
1531:
1447:Ezra ben Abraham
1387:Josiah ben Aaron
1332:Semah ben Josiah
1298:Jacob ben Nissim
1290:Kairouan Academy
1193:Samuel ben Hofni
1183:Joseph ben Jacob
1142:Zemah ben Hayyim
1031:Hillai of Naresh
953:Zemah ben Kafnai
928:Zemah ben Paltoi
903:Paltoi ben Abaye
863:Joseph ben Shila
812:Dodai ben Nahman
746:Mari ben R. Dimi
717:
710:
703:
694:
693:
661:Preceded by
658:
657:
649:
632:
588:
567:
566:
557:
556:
543:. Translated by
533:
527:
524:
518:
515:
509:
506:
500:
499:
497:
496:
482:
476:
461:
455:
452:
446:
443:
437:
418:
407:
392:
338:Jacob ben Nissim
30:
29:
21:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1461:
1307:
1283:
1212:
1198:Dosa ben Saadia
1152:Hai ben Nahshon
987:
938:Kimoi ben Ahhai
898:Joseph ben Abba
878:Joseph ben Abba
828:Rabba ben Dodai
771:Hiyya of Meshan
751:Rav Hana (Huna)
741:Hanan of Iskiya
726:
721:
687:
678:
666:
647:
630:
616:
610:
592:Brody, Robert,
575:Singer, Isidore
564:
561:
560:
534:
530:
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521:
516:
512:
507:
503:
494:
492:
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462:
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449:
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428:(Oxford, 1887)
419:
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393:
389:
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372:
330:
324:
280:
234:Rabbah b. Abuha
226:
69:
68:
45:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1537:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1483:Simeon Kayyara
1480:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1460:
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1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1347:Aaron ben Meir
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1314:Land of Israel
1312:Geonim in the
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1294:
1292:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1239:Samuel ben Ali
1236:
1234:Solomon (Gaon)
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
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1205:
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1109:
1107:Kimoi ben Ashi
1104:
1099:
1096:Zadok ben Ashi
1093:
1088:
1083:
1081:Hilai ben Mari
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1179:(Saadia Gaon)
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933:Hai ben David
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923:Abba ben Ammi
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823:Malka ben Aha
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586:
585:
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570:public domain
554:
550:
546:
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538:
537:Gaon, Sherira
532:
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1524:1000s deaths
1382:Shemaya Gaon
1342:Isaac (Gaon)
1056:Yehudai Gaon
1002:Mar ben Huna
994:Sura Academy
973:Sherira Gaon
972:
669:
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493:. Retrieved
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360:Resh Galutha
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304:Shi'ur Komah
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278:His responsa
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242:Davidic line
227:
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188:Sherira Gaon
187:
179:
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1519:900s births
1514:Chroniclers
1229:Eli ha-Levi
1019:Rav Sheshna
833:Rav Shinwai
814:(Rav Dorai)
792:Joseph Gaon
648:(in Hebrew)
638:, Jan 2020.
114:Predecessor
1498:Categories
1478:Achai Gaon
1132:Amram Gaon
1091:Rav Abimai
1051:Achai Gaon
1041:Rav Samuel
787:Judah Gaon
495:2020-09-12
436:, i. 66-67
382:References
308:R. Ishmael
246:Bostanaian
78:c. 1006 CE
44:שרירא גאון
1288:Deans of
1147:Rav Malka
1027:(Hinenai)
1013:Rav Hunai
1009:(Hinenai)
992:Deans of
778:(Moronai)
776:Rav Rabya
731:Deans of
679:968–1006
628:Lecture,
553:923562173
356:Exilarchs
166:Main work
122:Successor
70:c. 906 CE
978:Hai Gaon
685:Hai Gaon
539:(1988).
404:20044324
370:See also
362:). This
342:Kairouan
312:R. Akiva
284:responsa
268:al-Qadir
238:exilarch
208:Hai Gaon
134:Position
125:Hai Gaon
96:Hai Gaon
93:Children
83:Religion
58:Personal
673:of the
636:YouTube
572::
406:, p. xx
364:Iggeret
334:Iggeret
316:aggadah
198:of the
142:Yeshiva
87:Judaism
34:Sherira
18:Sherira
1504:Geonim
1466:Others
1015:(Huna)
1007:Hanina
724:Geonim
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376:Geonim
351:geonim
346:Talmud
265:caliph
218:Talmud
204:Geonim
192:Hebrew
184:Hebrew
161:998 CE
153:968 CE
101:Parent
1457:Sadoq
1367:Ezrun
158:Ended
150:Began
50:Title
671:Gaon
598:ISBN
549:OCLC
469:ISBN
430:ISBN
400:OCLC
310:and
224:Life
196:gaon
137:Gaon
75:Died
63:Born
37:Gaon
634:on
622:by
424:,
340:of
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258:Hai
1500::
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411:^
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716:e
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