Shia Islam - Knowledge

4406: 3500: 2470: 3660: 2725:, God gives humans the faculty of reason and argument. Also, God orders humans to spend time thinking carefully on creation while he refers to all creations as his signs of power and glory. These signs encompass all of the universe. Furthermore, there is a similarity between humans as the little world and the universe as the large world. God does not accept the faith of those who follow him without thinking and only with imitation, but also God blames them for such actions. In other words, humans have to think about the universe with reason and intellect, a faculty bestowed on us by God. Since there is more insistence on the faculty of intellect among Shia Muslims, even evaluating the claims of someone who claims prophecy is on the basis of intellect. 7081: 3460: 3574: 3610: 4448: 4425: 6237: 3509: 6711: 5299: 7787:. The theology of the Imams that developed over the next several centuries made little distinction between the authority of the Imams to politically lead the Muslim community and their spiritual prowess; quite to the contrary, their right to political leadership was grounded in their special spiritual insight. While in theory, the only just ruler of the Muslim community was the Imam, the Imams were politically marginal after the first generation. In practice, Shiʿi Muslims negotiated varied approaches to both interpretative authority over 3209: 5368: 1959: 5329: 6463:. Born in 985 CE, he ascended as ruler at the age of eleven. When in 1021 CE his mule returned without him, soaked in blood, a religious group that was forming in his lifetime broke off from mainstream Ismāʿīlīsm and did not acknowledge his successor. Later to be known as the Druze, they believe Al-Ḥākim to be God incarnate and the prophesied Mahdi on Earth, who would one day return and bring justice to the world. The Druze faith further split from Ismāʿīlīsm as it developed into a distinct 5060: 4955: 5235: 4919: 23779: 18767: 3844: 63: 5128: 4754: 2042: 7302: 23789: 5201: 5089: 5029: 3265:". Some versions add the additional sentence "O God, befriend the friend of ʿAlī and be the enemy of his enemy". Sunnis maintain that Muhammad emphasized the deserving friendship and respect for ʿAlī. In contrast, Shia Muslims assert that the statement unequivocally designates ʿAlī as Muhammad's appointed successor. Shia sources also record further details of the event, such as stating that those present congratulated ʿAlī and acclaimed him as 5158: 4884: 4071: 6730: 5398: 5269: 4994: 4849: 4481: 5428: 4095: 2958: 2734: 4785: 4720: 4228: 3395: 4819: 18756: 7288: 1257: 4517: 7274: 594: 3304: 1850: 3491:) to him. ʿAlī's faction, having expected the caliphate to return to ʿAlī's line upon Muawiyah's death, saw this as a betrayal of the peace treaty and so Ḥusayn rejected this request for allegiance. There was a groundswell of support in Kufa for Ḥusayn to return there and take his position as caliph and Imam, so Ḥusayn collected his family and followers in Medina and set off for Kufa. 656: 6277:("Unrestricted Missionary") as representative of a hidden Imam. While there are many other branches with extremely differing exterior practices, much of the spiritual theology has remained the same since the days of the faith's early Imams. In recent centuries, Ismāʿīlīs have largely been an Indo-Iranian community, but they can also be found in 3656:) through Muhammad. According to this view peculiar to Shia Islam, there is always an Imam of the Age, who is the divinely appointed authority on all matters of faith and law in the Muslim community. ʿAlī was the first Imam of this line, the rightful successor to Muhammad, followed by male descendants of Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah. 9158: 9276: 3755:

from Muhammad. ʿUmar is reported to have said: "Because you narrate hadith in large numbers from the Holy Prophet, you are fit only for attributing lies to him. (That is, one expects a wicked man like you to utter only lies about the Holy Prophet.) So you must stop narrating hadith from the Prophet;

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Under Muʼizz (955-975) the Fatimids reached the height of their glory, and the universal triumph of Isma ʻilism appeared not far distant. The fourth Fatimid Caliph is an attractive character: humane and generous, simple and just, he was a good administrator, tolerant and conciliatory. Served by one

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article states: "Nobody really knows the size of the Shia population in Nigeria. Credible estimates that its numbers range between 2 and 3 percent of Nigeria's population, which would amount to roughly four million." A 2019 BBC News article said that "Estimates of numbers vary wildly, ranging from

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Militarily established and holding control over the Umayyad government, many Sunnī rulers perceived the Shias as a threat—both to their political and religious authority. The Sunnī rulers under the Umayyad dynasty sought to marginalize the Shia minority, and later the Abbasids turned on their Shia

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Similarly, swords were also placed on the Idols, as it is related that Harith b. Abi Shamir, the Ghassanid king, had presented his two swords, called Mikhdham and Rasub, to the image of the goddess, Manat....to note that the famous sword of Ali, the fourth caliph, called Dhu-al-Fiqar, was one of

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place importance on a scholarly institution because of the existence of a present Imam. The Imam of the Age defines the jurisprudence, and his guidance may differ with Imams previous to him because of different times and circumstances. For Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs, the current Imam is Karim al-Husayni

9166: 9284: 6546:("Unrestricted Missionary") to guide the community, in a similar manner as the Ismāʿīlīs had lived after the death of Muhammad ibn Imam Ismāʿīl. The latter denomination claims that the ruling Fatimid caliph was the Imam, and they died out with the fall of the Fatimid Empire. 3764:, to which Abu Hurairah belonged). According to Sunnī Muslims, ʿAlī was the fourth successor to Abū Bakr, while Shia Muslims maintain that ʿAlī was the first divinely sanctioned "Imam", or successor of Muhammad. The seminal event in Shia history is the martyrdom at the 2540:, do not believe in the idea of the Occultation. The groups which do believe in it differ as to which lineage of the Imamate is valid, and therefore which individual has gone into Occultation. They believe there are many signs that will indicate the time of his return. 2685:, and the tray on which Moses used to offer his offerings. With him is the name that whenever the Messenger of God would place it between the Muslims and pagans no arrow from the pagans would reach the Muslims. With him is the similar object that angels brought. 3248:, with many Western scholars positing that Shīʿīsm began as a political faction rather than a truly religious movement. Other scholars disagree, considering this concept of religious-political separation to be an anachronistic application of a Western concept. 6386:

of Ismāʿīlī history, by an anonymous author, there has been a chain of Imams since the beginning of time, and there will continue to be an Imam present on the Earth until the end of time. The worlds would not exist in perfection without this uninterrupted

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according to a famous hadith... 'our sixth imam, Imam Sadeg, says that we have five definitive holy places that we respect very much. The first is Mecca... second is Medina... third... is in Najaf. The fourth... in Kerbala. The last one belongs to...

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in 928 CE. Roughly forty years later, the Zaydī State was revived in Gilan and survived under Hasanid leaders until 1126 CE. Afterwards, from the 12th to 13th centuries, the Zaydī Shias of Deylaman, Gilan, and Tabaristan then acknowledged the Zaydī

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Further, he claims that with him is the sword of the Messenger of God, his coat of arms, his Lamam (pennon) and his helmet. In addition, he mentions that with him is the flag of the Messenger of God, the victorious. With him is the Staff of

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does not presuppose the infallibility of the Imam, nor the belief that the Imams are supposed to receive divine guidance. Moreover, Zaydīs do not believe that the Imamate must pass from father to son but believe it can be held by any

3438:, e.g. during prayers, should be abandoned; Muawiyah should not use tax money for his own private needs; There should be peace, and followers of Ḥasan should be given security and their rights; Muawiyah will never adopt the title of 6102:, Shia Islam is inherently secular in the age of Occultation, therefore Islamist Shia Muslims had to borrow ideas from Sunnī Islamists and adjust them in accordance with the doctrine of Shīʿīsm. Its foundations were laid during the 10113: 8599: 4405: 12171: 4447: 4946:

Azerbaijan is majority Shia. A 2012 work noted that in Azerbaijan, among believers of all faiths, 10% identified as Sunni, 30% identified as Shia, and the remainder of followers of Islam simply identified as Muslim.

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as Muhammad's day of birth or death (because they assert that his birth and death both occur in this week), Shia Muslims celebrate Muhammad's birthday on the 17th of the month, which coincides with the birth date of

8725: 3807:, or belief in the divine guide, is a fundamental belief in the Twelver and Ismāʿīlī branches of Shia Islam, and is based on the concept that God would not leave humanity without access to divine guidance. 3429:

became leader of the Muslims of Kufa. After a series of skirmishes between the Kufa Muslims and the army of Muawiyah, Ḥasan ibn Ali agreed to cede the caliphate to Muawiyah and maintain peace among Muslims

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which today comprise most of Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkey, and Pakistan. The Ilkhanate initially embraced many religions, but was particularly sympathetic to

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is considered to be comprehensive of the oral traditions of Muhammad and their implementation and interpretation by the Twelve Imams. There are three schools of Jaʿfari jurisprudence: Usuli, Akhbari, and

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with its own unique doctrines, and finally separated from both Ismāʿīlīsm and Islam altogether. Thus, the Druze do not identify themselves as Muslims, and are not considered as such by Muslims either.

10896: 11896: 3366:, a faction that had transformed from supporters to bitter rivals, at Nahrawan in 658. In 661, ʿAlī was assassinated by a Khariji assassin in Kufa while in the act of prostration during prayer ( 3481:, ʿAlī's younger son and brother to Ḥasan, initially resisted calls to lead the Muslims against Muawiyah and reclaim the caliphate. In 680 CE, Muawiyah died and passed the caliphate to his son 12474: 3538:, Ḥusayn and approximately 72 of his family members and followers were killed, and Husayn's head was delivered to Yazid in Damascus. The Shi'a community regard Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī as a martyr ( 11024: 5771:) and its esoteric meaning. The words and deeds of Muhammad and the Twelve Imams are a guide and model for the Muslim community to follow; as a result, they must be free from error and 3182:(8th century CE). The first Shia governments and societies were established by the end of the 9th century CE. The 10th century CE has been referred to by the scholar of Islamic studies 2863:

commemorates the suffering of the women and children of Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī's household. After Ḥusayn was killed, they were marched over the desert, from Karbala (central Iraq) to Shaam (

2326:. Thus, they are the most pure ones, the only immaculate ones preserved from, and immune to, all uncleanness. It does not mean that supernatural powers prevent them from committing a 3902:, dressed in yellow robes with his head anointed. He will then join the Mahdi in his war against the Dajjal, where it is believed the Mahdi will slay the Dajjal and unite humankind. 10795: 10128: 2830:, which is the anniversary of the Ghadir Khum, the occasion when Muhammad announced Ali's Imamate before a multitude of Muslims. Eid al-Ghadeer is held on the 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah. 6183:

in the 8th century CE, the teachings of Ismāʿīlīsm further transformed into the belief system as it is known today, with an explicit concentration on the deeper, esoteric meaning (

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Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims. Most Shias (between 68% and 80%) live in just four countries: Iran, Pakistan, India and Iraq.

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Estimates range from as low as 2% of Nigeria's Muslim population to as high as 17% of Nigeria's Muslim population. Some, but not all, Nigerian Shia are affiliated with the banned

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is often quoted to illustrate Muhammad's feeling towards ʿAlī and his family by both Sunnī and Shia scholars. Shia Muslims prefer to study and read the hadith attributed to the

10216: 12148: 7231:, Shia political activists were arrested, tortured, expelled or killed, as part of a crackdown launched after an assassination attempt against Iraq's Deputy Prime Minister 3648:. The words and deeds of Muhammad and the Imams are a guide and model for the community to follow; as a result, they must be free from error and sin, and must be chosen by 6201:

path and nature of God and the divine manifestation in the personage of the "Imam of the Time" as the "Face of God", with the more literalistic Twelver group focusing on

3068: 1496:(680 CE) further influenced the development of Shia Islam, contributing to the formation of a distinct religious sect with its own rituals and shared collective memory. 6382:). He is the possessor of divine knowledge and therefore the "Prime Teacher". According to the "Epistle of the Right Path", a Persian Ismāʿīlī prose text from the post- 2322:

has commanded absolute obedience from these figures, they must only order that which is right. The state of infallibility is based on the Shīʿīte interpretation of the

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to the Imams. Though initially beginning as a political movement, infallibility and sinlessness of the Imams later evolved as a distinct belief of (non-Zaydī) Shīʿīsm.

12733:. Translated by Liadain Sherrard and Philip Sherrard. London; Kegan Paul International in association with Islamic Publications for The Institute of Ismaili Studies. 9114: 7638: 15070: 6668:("Unrestricted Missionary"), who as the Imam's vicegerent has full authority to govern the community in all matters both spiritual and temporal while the lineage of 8717: 6650:). According to the Bohra tradition, before the last Imam, At-Tayyib Abi l-Qasim, went into seclusion, his father, the 20th Al-Amir bi-Ahkami l-Lah, had instructed 1794:, Imam, and caliph by Muhammad and that ʿAlī's authority is maintained through his descendants. For the adherents of Shia Islam, this conviction is implicit in the 18506: 3152:

from 1979 to 1989, asserted that every part of an unbeliever's body, including hair, nails, and bodily secretions, is impure. However, the current leader of Iran,

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declared Shia Islam a "deviant" sect and banned Shia Muslims from promoting their faith to other Muslims, but left them free to practice it themselves privately.

6493:(the younger), fought for political and spiritual control of the dynasty. Nizār was defeated and jailed, but according to the Nizārī tradition his son escaped to 18388: 9306: 9792: 17756: 16989: 6485:

Ismāʿīlīs following the death of Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah in 1094 CE. His rule was the longest of any caliph in any Islamic empire. Upon his death, his sons,

3144:, held that Jews' impurity extended to the point where they were advised to stay at home on rainy or snowy days to prevent contaminating their Shia neighbors. 11295: 11926: 4668:, etc. hold small minority populations of various Shia subsects, primarily descendants of immigrants from South Asia during the colonial period, such as the 3552:. Ḥusayn is the last Imam following ʿAlī mutually recognized by all branches of Shia Islam. The martyrdom of Husayn and his followers is commemorated on the 3334:

between Muslims within the empire, which began as a series of revolts fought against ʿAlī. While the rebels had previously affirmed the legitimacy of ʿAlī's

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oriented Akhbari and later Usuli schools of thought, Shīʿīsm further developed in two separate directions: the metaphorical Ismāʿīlī group focusing on the

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to provide means to deal with current issues from an Islamic perspective. In other words, clergymen in Twelver Shīʿīsm are believed to be the guardians of

11892: 9657: 8225: 6830:. Muhammad al-Baqir did not engage in political action, and the followers of Zayd ibn ʿAlī maintained that a true Imam must fight against corrupt rulers. 18373: 9432:

When the Sicilian Jawhar finally entered Fustat in 969 and the following year founded the new dynastic capital, Cairo, 'The Victorious', the Fatimids ...

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Goldziher, I.; van Arendonk, C.; Tritton, A.S. (2012). "Ahl al- Bayt". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.).

8691: 3255:. The point of contention between different Muslim sects arises when Muhammad, whilst giving his speech, gave the proclamation "Anyone who has me as his 16597: 6826:(as was the case after the death of the former). Historically, Zaydīs held that Zayd ibn ʿAlī was the rightful successor of the 4th Imam since he led a 4618:. Estimations put the number of Shīʿīte citizens at roughly 15% of the local population. Approximately 40% of the population of Yemen are Shia Muslims. 20199: 13225: 3644:. Imams are human individuals who not only rule over the Muslim community with justice, but also are able to keep and interpret the divine law and its 9753: 9632: 9398:

The architect of his military system was a general named Jawhar, an islamicized Greek slave who had led the conquest of North Africa and then of Egypt

8934: 2867:, Syria). Many children (some of whom were direct descendants of Muhammad) died of thirst and exposure along the route. Arbaein occurs on the 20th of 1447:

Shia Muslims' belief that 'Ali was the designated successor to Muhammad as Islam's spiritual and political leader later developed into the concept of

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Poljarevic, Emin (2021). "Theology of Violence-oriented Takfirism as a Political Theory: The Case of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS)". In

3605:. Muhammad gave them to ʿAlī, saying that one of them was "Zulfiqar", which became famously known as the sword of ʿAlī and a later symbol of Shīʿīsm. 3083:, the most notable being the tombs of the Imams located in the Al-Baqi' cemetery in 1925. In 2006, a bomb destroyed the shrine of Al-Askari Mosque. ( 8269: 3920:(680 CE), as various Shia-affiliated groups diffused in the emerging Islamic world, several nations arose based on a Shia leadership or population. 2704:

narrates that wherever the armaments among us would go, knowledge would also follow and the armaments would never depart from those with knowledge (

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of the greatest generals of the age, Jawhar al-Rumi, a former Greek slave, he took fullest advantage of the growing confusion in the Sunnite world.

5494:. Each subsect of Shīʿīsm follows its own line of Imamate. All mainstream Twelver and Ismāʿīlī Shia Muslims follow the same school of thought, the 2126:'There is no god except God, Muhammad is the messenger of God'), but in addition to this declaration of faith Shīʿa Muslims add the phrase 12470: 2397:). Their knowledge encompasses the totality of all times. Thus, they are believed to act without fault in religious matters. Shi'a Muslims regard 22581: 13273: 9645:

The Pew Forum's estimate of the Shia population (10–13%) is in keeping with previous estimates, which generally have been in the range of 10–15%.

2025:. Additionally, ʿAlī was Muhammad's first-cousin and closest living male relative as well as his son-in-law, having married Muhammad's daughter, 11667: 8746:"Shiʻite Islam", by Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i, translated by Sayyid Husayn Nasr, State University of New York Press, 1975, p. 24 2469: 23638: 11684:(Arabic: التاريخ الصغير عن الشيعة اليمنيين, A short History of the Yemenite Shiʻites), 2005 Referencing: Iranian Influence on Moslem Literature 11028: 9980: 8633: 7948: 3499: 10453: 10208: 10181: 10059:

Religion: The overwhelming majority of the population (96.3 percent) is Muslim, of whom approximately 95 percent are Sunni and 5 percent Shia.

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from 656 to 661 CE. Shia doctrine holds that ʿAlī was meant to lead the community after Muhammad's death in 632. Historians dispute over the

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Shi'a Minorities in the Contemporary World: Migration, Transnationalism and Multilocality. United Kingdom, Edinburgh University Press, 2020.

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is the guide and the intercessor between humans and God, and the individual through whom God is recognized. He is also responsible for the

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Estimates have placed the proportion of Shia Muslims in Lebanon between 27% and 45% of the population, 30–35% of the citizen population in

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are Shias. They may number up to 200 million as of 2009. As of 1985, Shia Muslims are estimated to be 21% of the Muslim population in

2021:) of Islam. Shīʿa Muslims believe that Muhammad designated Ali as his successor by God's command on several instances, but most notably at 10787: 4179: 18403: 17044: 11870: 9947: 7691: 11711:. Ismaili Heritage Series. Vol. 3. London; New York: I.B. Tauris in association with the Institute of Ismaili Studies. p. 13. 10339: 10250: 9511: 8443: 8375: 22626: 22553: 19724: 18825: 13704: 12638: 9925: 12421: 11940: 10753: 9879: 3162:

that Jews and other Peoples of the Book are not inherently impure, and touching the moisture on their hands does not convey impurity.

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History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 1, Empire of the Gazis: The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire 1280–1808

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Though there are several subsects amongst the Ismāʿīlīs, the term in today's vernacular generally refers to the Shia Imami Ismāʿīlī

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that were revealed to Muhammad. The Quran does not contain verses on the Imamate, which is the basic doctrine of Shīʿa Islam. Some

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Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions, Wendy Doniger, Consulting Editor, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA 1999,

5477: 18457: 18378: 15765: 13826: 13226:""They Were Going Together with the Ikhwan": The Influence of Muslim Brotherhood Thinkers on Shi'i Islamists during the Cold War" 9106: 7028: 1030: 11509: 11412:

Most Druze do not consider themselves Muslim. Historically they faced much persecution and keep their religious beliefs secrets.

10042: 5630:: the concept of moral rightness based on ethics, fairness, and equity, along with the punishment of the breach of these ethics; 4978:

A reliable census has not been taken in Afghanistan in decades, but about 20% of Afghan population is Shia, mostly among ethnic

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centers of Islamic education and religious learning, which resulted in the change of Twelver Shīʿīsm from being a predominantly

4066:, and one of the great medieval Indian kingdoms. Bahmanid Sultanate was the first independent Islamic kingdom in Southern India. 18398: 17288: 15197: 13652: 10100:

Religion: Virtually the entire population is Muslim. Between 80 and 85 percent of Muslims are Sunni and 15 to 19 percent, Shia.

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could become the next Imam, after fulfilling certain conditions. Other well-known Zaydī Imams in history were Yahya ibn Zayd,

22737: 18408: 18365: 16765: 14937: 14346: 13836: 13818: 13405: 13194: 13175: 13156: 13130: 13104: 13076: 13054: 13035: 13016: 12997: 12975: 12949: 12913: 12894: 12875: 12853: 12827: 12805: 12783: 12757: 12738: 12714: 12673: 12332: 12207: 12006: 11824: 11716: 11697:(Arabic: التاريخ الصغير عن الشيعة اليمنيين, A short History of the Yemenite Shiʻites), 2005 Referencing: Encyclopædia Iranica 11625: 11598: 11433: 11405: 11351: 11326: 11198: 11085: 10856: 10774: 10733: 10704: 10659: 10620: 10372: 10333: 10244: 10008: 9905: 9544: 9497: 9453: 9425: 9391: 9362: 9260: 8928: 8841: 8800: 8670: 8615: 8340: 8299: 8253: 8045: 7902: 7844: 7559: 7508: 7483: 7403: 7378: 5746: 4828: 4763: 3828: 3221: 2552: 2450: 2318:, infallibility is considered a rational, necessary precondition for spiritual and religious guidance. They argue that since 1762:

was first used during Muhammad's lifetime. At present, the word refers to the Muslims who believe that the leadership of the

1556: 917: 10626: 10395: 10325:

Muslim Identities and Political Strategies: A Case Study of Muslims in the Greater Cape Town Area of South Africa, 1994–2000

10281: 9550: 9082: 23202: 20194: 16308: 14947: 9333: 7622: 7053: 7036: 6984:, there was a shift from the Jarudiyya group to the Sulaimaniyya, Tabiriyya, Butriyya, and Salihiyya. Zaydī Shias form the 6375: 5832:; the Usuli school is by far the largest of the three. Twelver groups that do not follow the Jaʿfari jurisprudence include 3645: 622: 5876: 3791:), and that their sufferings were a means of divine grace to their devotees. Although the Imam was not the recipient of a 23320: 22601: 22197: 14291: 12392: 12388: 12254: 10079: 10032: 3602: 2156:

This additional phrase to the declaration of faith embodies the Shīʿīte emphasis on the inheritance of authority through

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The Just Ruler (al-sultān Al-ʻādil) in Shīʻite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence

7131:, dating back to the earliest development of the two competing sects. At various times throughout the history of Islam, 6948:; thus, the ruler of Yemen was known by this title. Al-Hadi Yahya bin al-Hussain bin al-Qasim ar-Rassi, a descendant of 6501:

Ismāʿīlī had accepted his claim. From here on, the Nizārī Ismāʿīlī community has continued with a present, living Imam.

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continue, and that the Imams were in Occultation and still communicated and taught their followers through a network of

3659: 23530: 23260: 23142: 22596: 21176: 19088: 11487: 10823: 10559: 10481: 10306: 8609: 8582: 8427: 8400: 8124: 5467: 2529: 1906: 1839: 1500: 11054: 9849: 9805: 9310: 23580: 22401: 19609: 18260: 18214: 17874: 17868: 12353: 9008: 8023: 7535: 6988:. Currently, they constitute about 40–45% of the population in Yemen; Jaʿfaris and Ismāʿīlīs constitute the 2–5%. In 6103: 5705: 5308: 1892: 1095: 16668: 10158: 8523: 5696:– the most famous collection of sermons, letters & narration attributed to Ali, the first Imam regarded by Shias 2409:

in justice, but also in interpreting the Islamic faith, practices, and its esoteric meaning. ʿAlī is regarded as a "

1392:, but was prevented from succeeding Muhammad as the leader of the Muslims as a result of the choice made by some of 23633: 21186: 18131: 17987: 17464: 17360: 16648: 13657: 12298: 11918: 11291: 8956: 8161: 7075: 7020: 5868: 4462: 4434: 4187: 3435: 2597: 2280: 2187: 1924: 1335: 695: 229: 87: 15401: 15146: 10530: 7791:

and governance of the community, both during the lifetimes of the Imams themselves and even more so following the

3573: 3459: 23595: 23490: 22616: 22611: 22567: 22192: 21036: 20258: 19243: 18625: 18431: 16979: 16927: 16536: 15584: 15248: 14136: 14016: 13662: 11449: 8858: 7326: 7080: 5736: 2942:(household of Muhammad) and a Christian deputation from Najran. Al-Mubahila is held on the 24th of Dhu al-Hijjah. 2609: 1287: 8229: 5356:

Shi'a form a majority amongst Arab Muslims in many American cities, e.g. Lebanese Shi'a forming the majority in

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With the fall of the Safavids, the state in Iran—including the state system of courts with government-appointed

23450: 23275: 22548: 21562: 21503: 21390: 21269: 21201: 19587: 19225: 19144: 18690: 18238: 18136: 17221: 14964: 14942: 14256: 14221: 13697: 9671: 7373: 7251: 6383: 5069: 4596: 3595: 1232: 21682: 21557: 11796: 9744:"Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population" 8795:

Jafri, S.H. Mohammad. "The Origin and Early Development of Shiʻa Islam", Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 6,

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Exploring the Spirituality of the World Religions: The Quest for Personal, Spiritual and Social Transformation

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The original Shia identity referred to the followers of Imam ʿAlī, and Shia theology was formulated after the

23600: 23015: 22752: 22411: 22260: 22182: 21604: 20646: 20157: 18796: 18048: 17807: 17484: 15091: 14974: 14231: 14051: 13572: 12163: 8557: 7631:? However the term Shiite is being used less and is considered less proper than simply using the term "Shia"" 5683:) attributed to Muhammad and the Twelve Imams. Below is a list of some of the most prominent of these books: 4964: 4579: 2330:, but due to the fact that they have absolute belief in God, they refrain from doing anything that is a sin. 966: 10747:"Administrative Department of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan – Presidential Library – Religion" 9794:

Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population

9743: 9628: 8918: 6992:, it is estimated that there are over 1 million Zaydī Shias, primarily based in the western provinces. 23658: 23460: 20668: 19376: 18610: 18587: 18197: 18053: 18043: 17949: 17602: 17242: 16277: 15758: 15430: 15276: 15226: 14667: 14111: 13318: 13086: 7704: 7449: 6646: 5244: 4525: 3855: 3431: 1327: 998: 423: 21692: 13208: 6780:

The Zaydīs, Twelvers, and Ismāʿīlīs all recognize the same first four Imams; however, the Zaydīs consider

5482:

The Shia community throughout its history split over the issue of the Imamate. The largest branch are the

4680:

Figures indicated in the first three columns below are based on the October 2009 demographic study by the

3878:

and will rid the world of evil. According to Islamic tradition, the Mahdi's tenure will coincide with the

3609: 2623: 2333:

They also have a complete knowledge of God's will. They are in possession of all knowledge brought by the

2279:

or "divinely bestowed freedom from error and sin" in Islam. Muslims believe that Muhammad, along with the

23668: 23380: 23375: 23147: 21665: 21626: 21181: 21095: 20663: 20327: 18993: 18712: 18577: 18383: 18151: 17944: 17321: 16910: 15795: 15659: 15007: 14321: 13831: 13808: 13803: 13713: 12224: 10118: 9975: 9897: 8265: 7356: 7346: 6855: 6801: 6718: 6161: 6013:, which is believed to have been defined by Muhammad and his twelve successors. This process is known as 5728: 5377: 5113: 3449: 2952: 2601: 2593: 1930:. It embodies a completely independent system of religious interpretation and political authority in the 1874: 1507:

is by far the largest and most influential, comprising about 85% of all Shia Muslims. Others include the

1045: 872: 239: 107: 102: 21697: 21687: 14369: 5193:

of 3.3 million noncitizens, about 64% are Muslim, and among expatriate Muslims, about 5% are Shia.

22441: 22386: 22082: 20822: 20317: 18988: 18930: 18462: 18345: 17862: 17281: 16314: 15909: 15895: 15634: 15379: 15153: 14635: 14266: 14226: 13961: 13878: 13732: 13622: 13607: 13597: 13482: 12863: 8764:

In his "Mutanabbi devant le siècle ismaëlien de l'Islam", in Mém. de l'Inst Français de Damas, 1935, p.

7351: 7027:. Houthis and their allies gained control of a significant part of Yemen's territory, and resisted the 6972:). The founding Zaydī branch in Yemen was the Jarudiyya; however, with increasing interaction with the 6556: 6404: 6371: 6115: 5473: 5342: 5338: 4758: 4645: 4303:

The ending of the relative mutual tolerance between Sunnīs and Shias that existed from the time of the

3724: 1085: 442: 244: 20410: 13289: 11358:

often they are not regarded as being Muslim at all, nor do all the Druze consider themselves as Muslim

6862:, is regarded as the codifier of Zaydī jurisprudence, and as such most Zaydī Shias today are known as 5573:, who elaborated the Twelver jurisprudence. Twelver Shia constitute the majority of the population in 3530:

En route to Kufa, Husayn was blocked by an army of Yazid's men, which included people from Kufa, near

23693: 23482: 23340: 22792: 21675: 21454: 21085: 20715: 20238: 19370: 19122: 18959: 18914: 18555: 18542: 18243: 18072: 17768: 17490: 17453: 17232: 15861: 15579: 15230: 14992: 14216: 14121: 14096: 13946: 13690: 13532: 13502: 13422: 13398: 11659: 11237: 7189: 6388: 5098: 5038: 4641: 4559:. Shia Muslims constitute 36.3% of the entire population (and 38.6% of the Muslim population) of the 4191: 4183: 3874:

who will rule for seven, nine, or nineteen years (according to differing interpretations) before the

3347: 3287: 2722: 2145:'Ali is the guardian of God'). The basis for the Shīʿīte belief in ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as the 2022: 1865: 1393: 1180: 892: 343: 112: 21793: 17144: 9967: 9377: 7944: 6189:) of the Islamic faith. With the eventual development of Twelver Shīʿīsm into the more literalistic 3731:

and their supporters, while some hadith transmitted by narrators not belonging to or supporting the

3278:

and Muhammad's closest relatives made the funeral arrangements. While they were preparing his body,

2516:", that one day shall return on Earth and fill the world with justice. According to the doctrine of 1993:

alone, only God has the prerogative to appoint the successor to his prophet. They believe God chose

23197: 23157: 23112: 22902: 22892: 22697: 22446: 22271: 22207: 22177: 22067: 21832: 21741: 21709: 21670: 21582: 20479: 19704: 19640: 19110: 19095: 18789: 18707: 18426: 18250: 18023: 17503: 17247: 17237: 17227: 15992: 15512: 15126: 14745: 14316: 14246: 13667: 13637: 13452: 13442: 13281: 12037:"The Centrality of Anti-Semitism in the Islamic State's Ideology and Its Connection to Anti-Shiism" 10939: 10838:

Nahj al-balaghah, Mohaghegh (researcher) 'Atarodi Ghoochaani, the introduction of Sayyid Razi, p. 1

8883: 8665:. Routledge studies in modern history. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. p. 174. 7336: 7184:, "Sultan Selim I carried things so far that he announced that the killing of one Shia had as much 7120: 7116: 7069: 7012: 6859: 6738: 6722: 6448: 6411: 6157: 6122: 5892: 5800: 5750: 5642: 5167: 5052:

In 2020, the CIA World Factbook stated that Shia Muslims constitute 31.2% of Lebanon's population.

4893: 4157: 3838: 3804: 3772:, and 71 of his followers in 680 CE, who led a non-allegiance movement against the defiant caliph. 3705: 3637: 3568: 3549: 2810: 2797: 2464: 2208: 1532: 1112: 912: 615: 570: 162: 97: 20147: 11733: 9021: 7612:

are adopted for consistency, except where the alternative spelling is in the title of a reference.

5813: 5495: 23648: 23585: 23535: 23495: 23440: 23075: 23070: 22960: 22907: 22797: 22727: 22523: 22329: 22244: 21449: 21427: 21226: 21048: 20573: 20189: 20116: 19800: 19171: 18971: 18880: 18565: 17376: 17135: 17099: 15119: 15077: 14932: 14547: 14336: 14241: 14071: 14026: 13892: 13612: 13587: 13512: 13437: 11545:

Rawḍ al-Qirṭās: Anīs al-Muṭrib bi-Rawd al-Qirṭās fī Akhbār Mulūk al-Maghrib wa-Tārīkh Madīnat Fās

8058: 7700: 7209: 6644:

Divine leadership has continued in the Bohra branch through the institution of the "Missionary" (

6533: 6423: 6180: 5958: 4823: 4260: 4256: 3957: 3351: 707: 540: 17530: 13360: 12496: 12284: 12232: 11590: 9056: 6455:. During this period, three lineages of Imams were formed. The first branch, known today as the 4633:). The Shia presence is negligible elsewhere in Southeast Asia, where Muslims are predominantly 3444:("commander of the believers"); Muawiyah will not nominate any successor. Ḥasan then retired to 3251:

Shia Muslims believe that Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his heir during a speech at

23515: 23410: 23370: 23350: 23207: 23182: 23087: 23060: 23010: 22980: 22970: 22887: 22852: 22837: 22822: 22777: 22712: 22381: 22312: 22217: 22212: 21953: 21876: 21638: 21520: 21444: 21241: 21231: 21090: 21058: 20996: 20967: 20474: 20469: 20253: 20134: 20094: 19879: 19220: 19215: 19195: 19191: 18722: 18651: 18620: 18550: 17474: 17469: 17387: 16817: 16771: 16160: 15841: 15336: 14997: 14927: 14887: 14872: 14552: 14306: 14211: 14196: 14187: 14066: 14031: 13956: 13582: 13562: 13467: 13096: 12444: 12095:"Modern Extremist Groups and the Division of the World: A Critique from an Islamic Perspective" 7780: 7768: 7687:"Interiorizing Islam: Religious Experience and State Oversight in the Islamic Republic of Iran" 7423: 7254:

in Northern Iraq, which occurred alongside the persecution of various religious groups and the

7236: 7050: 7024: 6827: 4794: 3984: 3911: 3687: 3641: 3453: 3398: 3318:

invited ʿAlī to become the fourth caliph as the last source, and he established his capital in

3149: 3141: 3104: 2993: 2977: 2423: 2410: 2402: 2387: 2367: 2347: 2296: 2258: 2011: 1947: 1830:

above all people. They are descendants of one another. And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing."

1791: 1448: 1406: 1370: 1359: 1346: 1161: 927: 505: 119: 92: 12197: 11854: 11615: 10649: 10323: 10296: 10234: 9417: 9411: 8417: 8390: 8291: 8114: 7549: 149: 23756: 23701: 23618: 23570: 23545: 23345: 23167: 23162: 23030: 23020: 22842: 22518: 22456: 22276: 22222: 21643: 21621: 21540: 21481: 21147: 20586: 20437: 19567: 19166: 19078: 18668: 18646: 17397: 17274: 17040: 16694: 15866: 15783: 15529: 15499: 15056: 14952: 14499: 14326: 14076: 13986: 13642: 13617: 13602: 13577: 13567: 13552: 13457: 13447: 13427: 13284:: Project on Shi'ism and Global Affairs at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs ( 12167: 10606: 10417: 10362: 9477: 8572: 8371: 8244: 7331: 7144: 7128: 7124: 6961: 6769: 6673: 6669: 6529: 6509: 6505: 6482: 6471: 6460: 6358: 5848: 5190: 4284: 4102: 3834: 3663: 3508: 3452:, after being secretly contacted by Muawiyah who wished to pass the caliphate to his own son 3410: 3245: 3171: 3025: 2564: 2556: 2485: 2323: 1802:. Shia Muslim scholars emphasize that the notion of authority is linked to the family of the 1540: 1389: 1156: 981: 765: 720: 333: 234: 224: 217: 194: 31: 20457: 20405: 16735: 10813: 10512: 9998: 9921: 9409: 1774:

refers to a group of Muslims who at the time of Muhammad and after him regarded ʿAlī as the

328: 23746: 23736: 23721: 23628: 23555: 23525: 23500: 23465: 23425: 23420: 23395: 23265: 23187: 23137: 23117: 23107: 22995: 22942: 22917: 22767: 22762: 22742: 22707: 22692: 22636: 22406: 22339: 22307: 22187: 22122: 21988: 21866: 21719: 21599: 21498: 21410: 21378: 21373: 21221: 20953: 20322: 20206: 19790: 19550: 19161: 19105: 19056: 19041: 18894: 18325: 18232: 18177: 16481: 15888: 15746: 15671: 15516: 15331: 15179: 15084: 15063: 14922: 14877: 14862: 14411: 14261: 14251: 14236: 14056: 14021: 14011: 14006: 13981: 13647: 13547: 13537: 13527: 13487: 13477: 13472: 13432: 13391: 12604: 12411: 11754:(Arabic: التاريخ الصغير عن الشيعة اليمنيين, A short History of the Yemenite Shiʻites), 2005 11159:

Timani, Hussam S. (2021). "Part 5: In Between and on the Fringes of Islam – The Druze". In

10746: 9871: 9712:

In the early 21st century some 10–13 percent of the world's 1.6 billion Muslims were Shiʿi.

8836:

Esposito, John. "What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam". Oxford University Press, 2002 |

8508: 7383: 6633: 6513: 6486: 6478: 6364: 6256: 6248: 5772: 5676: 5602: 5303: 5298: 5259: 3307: 3195: 3049: 2834: 2756:

Shia religious practices, such as prayers, differ only slightly from the Sunnīs. While all

2537: 2327: 1560: 1548: 520: 377: 264: 199: 129: 17: 20521: 19403: 11768: 10728:"Esposito, John. "What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam" Oxford University Press, 2002. 8040:"Esposito, John. "What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam" Oxford University Press, 2002. 6236: 3028:

in Qom are very essential for Shīʿa Muslims. Other venerated pilgrimage sites include the

8: 23813: 23751: 23726: 23706: 23683: 23610: 23560: 23540: 23455: 23445: 23400: 23360: 23315: 23310: 23300: 23290: 23285: 23280: 23270: 23255: 23250: 23245: 23240: 23235: 23212: 23122: 23097: 22975: 22965: 22927: 22897: 22882: 22867: 22857: 22847: 22812: 22807: 22757: 22702: 22677: 22621: 22478: 22461: 22349: 22344: 22334: 22202: 22003: 21916: 21861: 21837: 21724: 21609: 21567: 21362: 21211: 20839: 20631: 20506: 20285: 20072: 19957: 19885: 19775: 19696: 19523: 19176: 19000: 18846: 18560: 18436: 18330: 18146: 17585: 17382: 17153: 16920: 16715: 16486: 16217: 16094: 15733: 15033: 14959: 14301: 13951: 13765: 13672: 13632: 13627: 13592: 13557: 13542: 13507: 13497: 13492: 13462: 13322: 13114: 12815: 12375: 12041: 11641: 10769:

Esposito, John. "What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam" Oxford University Press, 2002.

10038: 9952: 9801: 9748: 7792: 7039:). Both the Houthis and the Saudi Arabian-led coalition were being attacked by the Sunnī 6467: 6415: 6094: 6081: 6057: 6045: 5986: 5788: 5742: 5654: 5553:

is derived from the doctrine of believing in twelve divinely ordained leaders, known as "

4928: 4858: 4681: 4556: 4454: 4430: 4371: 3871: 3824: 3748: 3440: 3339: 3283: 3267: 3029: 2688:

Al-Ṣādiq also narrated that the passing down of armaments is synonymous to receiving the

2639: 2505: 2501: 2446: 2270: 2222: 2201: 2180: 2140: 2121: 2050: 1753:

for adherents, mosques, traditions, and things associated with the Shia branch of Islam.

1552: 1467: 1383: 1280: 1166: 800: 700: 608: 555: 535: 472: 144: 124: 45: 11344:

The Templar Spirit: The Esoteric Inspiration, Rituals and Beliefs of the Knights Templar

10083: 7986: 6710: 4160:

overthrew the Sunni rulers in North Africa, an event which led to the foundation of the

3338:(caliphate), they later turned against ʿAlī and fought him. Tensions escalated into the 1559:. Iran stands as the world's only country where Shia Islam forms the foundation of both 23731: 23711: 23678: 23575: 23565: 23510: 23505: 23435: 23415: 23405: 23390: 23385: 23365: 23335: 23330: 23305: 23295: 23227: 23192: 23177: 23082: 23055: 23045: 23005: 22990: 22985: 22937: 22932: 22872: 22827: 22787: 22682: 22669: 22471: 22451: 22376: 22249: 22072: 21746: 21704: 21545: 21513: 21488: 21415: 21395: 21216: 21164: 21152: 21130: 20722: 20680: 20553: 20378: 20373: 20368: 20167: 19951: 19927: 19306: 19230: 18978: 18924: 18727: 18641: 18572: 18482: 18418: 18226: 18202: 17879: 17857: 17817: 17659: 17562: 17513: 17479: 17370: 17084: 15962: 15918: 15663: 15476: 15363: 15137: 15098: 15012: 14847: 14810: 14772: 14694: 14569: 14341: 14126: 14001: 13976: 13798: 13785: 13522: 13517: 13285: 13253: 12665: 12579: 12506:. United States Department of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. 2011. 12099: 11830: 11808: 11583: 11257: 11130: 10967: 10422: 10124: 9696: 9667: 8718:"Jews and Wine in Shiite Iran – Some Observations on the Concept of Religious Impurity" 7788: 7776: 7734: 7718: 7368: 7205: 7104: 6734: 6651: 6290: 6267:

and the largest group within Ismāʿīlīsm. Another Shia Imami Ismāʿīlī community are the

6165: 6061: 5994: 5711: 5675:

common to all Muslims, Twelver Shias derive scriptural and authoritative guidance from

5672: 5646:: a divine institution which succeeded the institution of Prophethood. Its appointees ( 5566: 5499: 4268: 3994: 3691: 3629: 3518: 3485:, and breaking the treaty with Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī. Yazid asked Husayn to swear allegiance ( 3323: 3116: 3100: 3017: 2883: 2742: 2656: 2517: 2493: 2288: 1770:, Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, and his successors. Nawbakhti states that the term 1750: 1564: 1528: 1524: 1504: 1484:, whom Shia Muslims believe possess special spiritual and political authority over the 1473: 1190: 1147: 1117: 1100: 1075: 1020: 976: 688: 82: 20834: 20383: 19979: 19709: 17725: 17060: 8978: 8116:

Theology of Discontent: The Ideological Foundatation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran

3704:(Muhammad's family and descendants) or pledging allegiance to Abū Bakr has shaped the 2669:

mentions that "with me are the arms of the Messenger of Allah. It is not disputable."

23788: 23782: 23716: 23673: 23663: 23653: 23643: 23550: 23470: 23430: 23355: 23325: 23217: 23172: 23152: 23127: 23102: 23065: 23050: 23025: 23000: 22912: 22862: 22817: 22802: 22782: 22772: 22747: 22687: 22631: 22391: 22167: 21763: 21734: 21658: 21653: 21614: 21552: 21508: 21493: 21476: 21471: 21466: 21405: 21140: 21026: 20792: 20762: 20742: 20563: 20358: 20339: 20334: 20248: 20211: 19932: 19847: 19770: 19668: 19658: 19626: 19614: 19582: 19559: 19541: 19437: 19292: 19200: 19186: 19149: 19137: 18966: 18885: 18837: 18702: 18697: 18602: 18592: 18582: 18255: 18141: 18093: 17936: 17847: 17550: 17540: 17535: 17525: 17520: 17353: 17110: 17076: 17020: 16258: 16197: 16104: 15812: 15676: 15525: 15471: 15367: 15002: 14969: 14897: 14892: 14852: 14840: 14825: 14805: 14706: 14682: 14508: 14331: 14171: 14106: 13257: 13245: 13190: 13171: 13152: 13145: 13126: 13100: 13072: 13050: 13031: 13012: 12993: 12971: 12945: 12919: 12909: 12890: 12871: 12849: 12837: 12823: 12801: 12779: 12753: 12734: 12710: 12669: 12598: 12583: 12571: 12547: 12349: 12328: 12203: 12126: 12072: 12012: 12002: 11834: 11820: 11804: 11712: 11621: 11594: 11559: 11429: 11401: 11347: 11322: 11273: 11265: 11249: 11204: 11194: 11134: 11122: 11081: 10971: 10959: 10852: 10819: 10770: 10729: 10700: 10655: 10616: 10477: 10471: 10368: 10329: 10302: 10240: 10024: 10004: 9901: 9540: 9503: 9493: 9449: 9421: 9387: 9358: 9256: 9141: 9004: 8924: 8837: 8796: 8666: 8605: 8578: 8551: 8531: 8478: 8423: 8396: 8336: 8295: 8249: 8120: 8041: 8019: 7898: 7850: 7840: 7796: 7750: 7742: 7726: 7555: 7531: 7504: 7479: 7413: 7279: 7228: 6985: 6664: 6542: 6452: 6273: 6099: 6085: 5982: 5784: 5693: 5137: 4575: 4161: 4138: 4106: 4075: 4055: 4016: 3917: 3820: 3765: 3535: 3389: 3208: 3199: 3145: 3124: 2917: 2878: 2646: 2642: 2605: 2569: 2548: 2460: 2456: 1986: 1927: 1860: 1803: 1493: 1425: 1338: 1241: 1227: 1195: 1142: 1055: 1015: 877: 598: 565: 530: 462: 289: 259: 21246: 20844: 20494: 20216: 16263: 13147:

The Heirs of Muhammad: Islam's First Century and the Origins of the Sunni Shia split

8903: 8470: 7918: 6977: 4634: 23741: 23623: 23520: 23132: 23092: 23040: 23035: 22952: 22922: 22832: 22722: 22586: 22538: 22533: 22092: 22057: 22030: 21788: 21773: 21648: 21572: 21422: 21400: 21308: 21169: 20948: 20911: 20767: 20752: 20700: 20484: 20464: 20432: 20427: 20398: 20393: 20305: 20295: 20104: 20068: 20060: 20031: 19944: 19864: 19859: 19822: 19812: 19738: 19676: 19518: 19355: 19205: 18863: 18732: 18717: 18467: 18172: 17894: 17832: 17822: 17812: 17797: 17545: 17448: 17420: 17308: 16073: 16047: 15750: 15423: 15326: 15167: 15049: 14902: 14882: 14867: 14432: 14091: 13859: 13237: 13140: 12841: 12561: 12551: 12116: 12112: 12062: 11992: 11988: 11968: 11862: 11812: 11513: 11241: 11184: 11180: 11160: 11114: 10985: 10951: 10391:

South Asian migration in comparative perspective, movement, settlement and diaspora

9137: 9071:

Discovering Islam: making sense of Muslim history and society (2002) Akbar S. Ahmed

8899: 7708: 7418: 7181: 7152: 6944:

in the 9th and 10th centuries. The leader of the Zaydī community took the title of

6760:. Followers of the Zaydī school of jurisprudence are called Zaydīs or occasionally 6399: 6169: 6118: 6089: 6049: 5732: 5716: 5570: 5554: 5503: 5278: 5210: 4552: 4529: 4475: 4304: 4167: 3757: 3720: 3675: 3556:, occurring on the tenth day of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar. 3418: 3355: 3297: 3037: 3021: 2961: 2887: 2678: 2660: 1953: 1943: 1823: 1799: 1746: 1722: 1676: 1645: 1610: 1306: 1040: 1035: 986: 971: 956: 865: 744: 575: 550: 467: 21385: 8887: 7155:, Shia Muslims remain a marginalized community to this day in many Sunnī-dominant 5181:

Among Kuwait's estimated 1.4 million citizens, about 30% are Shia (including

4366:

during his lifetime) are to be bases for verdicts, rejecting the use of reasoning.

3783:) was the source of the souls of the prophets and Imams, which bestowed upon them 23792: 22416: 22396: 21886: 21778: 21768: 21437: 21105: 20896: 20876: 20807: 20772: 20705: 20489: 20415: 20388: 20363: 20300: 20263: 20051: 19994: 19765: 19282: 19083: 19009: 18949: 18904: 18873: 18658: 18355: 18300: 18100: 17786: 17746: 17635: 17591: 17365: 17148: 17035: 16617: 15967: 15952: 15914: 15881: 15856: 15770: 15717: 15618: 15613: 15589: 15503: 15406: 15353: 15348: 14835: 14738: 14733: 14716: 14677: 14617: 14574: 14381: 14311: 14116: 13864: 13340:"History of Shi'ism: From the Advent of Islam up to the End of Minor Occultation" 12728: 12657: 11816: 10955: 10610: 10545: 10438: 10389: 10273: 9534: 9088: 7321: 7307: 7259: 7166: 7047: 6996: 6879: 6875: 6847: 6842:, Zaydīs follow the teachings of Zayd ibn ʿAlī, which are documented in his book 6498: 6111: 5688: 5638:: the institution by which God sends emissaries, or prophets, to guide humankind; 5117: 4571: 4567: 4539:

Shia Muslims form a distinct majority of the population in four countries of the

4360: 4292: 4288: 4236: 4218: 4199: 4171: 4126: 4098: 3976: 3970: 3945: 3924: 3887: 3875: 3713: 3471: 3183: 3128: 3088: 3053: 3013: 2933: 2897: 2693: 2473: 2414: 2378: 2358: 2338: 2334: 2249: 2213: 2192: 2171: 2131: 2112: 2092: 2002: 1970: 1600: 1588: 1544: 1536: 1458: 1397: 1374: 1350: 1222: 1175: 991: 951: 940: 922: 825: 770: 683: 515: 360: 269: 16757: 9339: 9003:

The New Encyclopædia Britannica, 15th ed., Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 1998,

7530:

The New Encyclopædia Britannica, 15th ed., Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 1998,

6641:. The Nizārī line of Imams has continued to this day as an uninterrupted chain. 3326:, between 656 CE to 661 CE, was often contested. Tensions eventually led to the 3296:

caliph. Abū Bakr served from 632 to 634, and was followed by Umar (634–644) and

22543: 22431: 22371: 22087: 22062: 21847: 21751: 21633: 21577: 21530: 20943: 20891: 20787: 20757: 20737: 20732: 20727: 20710: 20606: 20526: 20499: 20452: 20442: 19454: 19117: 19100: 18919: 18899: 18868: 18770: 18487: 18340: 18182: 17884: 17170: 17089: 16955: 16932: 16915: 16761: 16686: 16610: 16131: 16037: 15646: 15601: 15596: 15447: 15416: 15321: 15204: 15042: 14795: 14728: 14721: 14711: 14559: 14296: 14157: 14086: 14061: 13921: 13854: 13770: 13364: 12793: 12630: 11543: 11102: 10498: 9379: 7224: 7217: 7163: 6957: 6937: 6926: 6901: 6823: 6808: 6797: 6490: 6426:, would return and establish an age of justice. One group included the violent 6334: 6330: 6173: 5837: 5407: 5372: 5367: 5003: 4592: 4416: 4332: 4063: 4059: 4045: 3949: 3883: 3843: 3769: 3548:. The Battle of Karbala and martyrdom of Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī is often cited as the 3478: 3385: 3057: 2927: 2913: 2842: 2827: 2682: 2674: 1958: 1783: 1489: 1481: 1273: 1135: 1122: 1080: 1025: 639: 580: 482: 418: 350: 19719: 17130: 16937: 16124: 13383: 13090: 12396: 12258: 12121: 12094: 11997: 11189: 11118: 7133:

Shia groups and minorities have faced persecution perpetrated by Sunnī Muslims

6407:

are always aware of his presence and are witness to this uninterrupted chain.

6226: 1519:. Shia Muslims form a majority of the population in four countries across the 23807: 22466: 22020: 21901: 21293: 21288: 21236: 21073: 21011: 20906: 20797: 20695: 20626: 20558: 20548: 20511: 20447: 20344: 20310: 20228: 20124: 20087: 20006: 19914: 19365: 19316: 19021: 18673: 18500: 18350: 17889: 17852: 17827: 17664: 17094: 17024: 17004: 16966: 16585: 16570: 16334:

Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥāmmad ibn Karrām ibn Arrāk ibn Huzāba ibn al-Barā’ as-Sijjī

16141: 16066: 15876: 15837: 15824: 15799: 15705: 15494: 15466: 15343: 15297: 15215: 14914: 14815: 14800: 14790: 14625: 14587: 14564: 14526: 14437: 14167: 14161: 14151: 14139: 13249: 13118: 12961: 12771: 12767: 12575: 12556: 12533: 12130: 12076: 12016: 11642:"The Initial Destination of the Fatimid caliphate: The Yemen or The Maghrib?" 11253: 11208: 11126: 11025:"Congressional Human Rights Caucus Testimony – Najran, The Untold Story" 10963: 9489: 9485: 8482: 7730: 7722: 7393: 7243: 7193: 7141:

persecution of Shia Muslims throughout history by their Sunnī co-religionists

7096: 6969: 6949: 6933: 6819: 6793: 6681: 6659: 6517: 6367: 6346: 6268: 6192: 6185: 6149: 6144: 6077: 5700: 5491: 5437: 5333: 5328: 4777:

A 2010 estimate was that Shia made up about 10–15% of Pakistan's population.

4729: 4724: 4604: 4548: 4544: 4272: 4114: 4110: 4008: 3963: 3890:(literally, the "false Messiah" or Antichrist). Jesus, who is considered the 3879: 3679: 3633: 3618: 3426: 3414: 3381: 3358:

in 657 turned the tide against ʿAlī, who lost due to arbitration issues with

3178: 3072: 2853:(central Iraq). Ashura is a day of deep mourning which occurs on the 10th of 2846: 2838: 2665: 2560: 2521: 2484:, is a popular pilgrimage site for Shia Muslims. Local belief holds that the 2292: 2276: 1819: 1815: 1508: 1477: 1200: 1105: 1065: 477: 338: 323: 21135: 17056: 13346:. Translated by Limba, Mansoor L. Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project 13069:

An Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism

12923: 11479: 11277: 10592:"Mitigating Sunni-Shia conflict in 'the world's most charming police state'" 9378:

Chodorow, Stanley; Knox, MacGregor; Shirokauer, Conrad; Strayer, Joseph R.;

7854: 7713: 7686: 6960:

continued to rule over Yemen until the middle of the 20th century, when the

6068:. It sees Islam as a political system and differs from the other mainstream 3534:; rather than surrendering, Husayn and his followers chose to fight. In the 3217: 22606: 22508: 22364: 22052: 22047: 22025: 22015: 21896: 21328: 21263: 21206: 21191: 21157: 20782: 20690: 19686: 19577: 19572: 19423: 19393: 19267: 19235: 18983: 18954: 18941: 18760: 18685: 18335: 18187: 18065: 17781: 17630: 17615: 17329: 17122: 17051: 16839:

Abū’l-Huzayl Muḥāmmad ibn al-Huzayl ibn Abdillāh al-Allāf al-Abdī al-Bāsrī

16779: 16752: 16743: 16643: 16120: 15936: 15871: 15564: 15461: 15452: 15358: 15112: 14780: 14699: 14630: 14494: 13991: 13931: 13906: 13887: 13092:

Peshawar Nights, A Transcript of a Dialogue between Shia and Sunni scholars

13064: 12724: 11319:

America & Islam: Soundbites, Suicide Bombs and the Road to Donald Trump

11050: 10221:

In Yemen, Zaidists, a Shia offshoot, constitute 30% of the total population

9845: 9609: 9410:

Fossier, Robert; Sondheimer, Janet; Airlie, Stuart; Marsack, Robyn (1997).

7754: 7408: 7293: 7185: 7100: 7084: 6989: 6784:

as the 5th Imam. After the time of Zayd ibn ʿAlī, the Zaydīs believed that

6781: 6757: 6689: 6525: 6322: 6294: 5776: 5619: 5064: 5059: 4661: 4653: 4622: 4585: 4540: 4324: 4296: 4130: 4049: 4037: 4028: 4012: 3859: 3851: 3800: 3736: 3649: 3252: 3153: 3045: 2701: 2544: 2319: 2078: 1990: 1931: 1520: 1424:, whose adherents believe that Muhammad did not appoint a successor before 1261: 1207: 944: 676: 665: 525: 355: 254: 20829: 19474: 16789: 16282: 15902: 12965: 9127: 3803:, through which God guides him, and the Imam, in turn, guides the people. 3069:

Shīʿa sacred places and heritage sites in Saudi Arabia have been destroyed

22528: 22503: 22322: 22290: 22281: 22227: 22157: 22142: 22035: 21926: 21587: 21535: 21323: 21041: 21021: 20861: 20802: 20540: 20536: 20349: 19837: 19785: 19755: 19592: 19446: 19338: 19262: 19127: 19063: 19014: 18312: 17802: 17710: 17610: 17497: 17104: 16826: 16794: 16739: 16605: 16303: 16268: 16250: 16042: 15779: 15709: 15389: 15288: 14857: 14830: 14820: 14757: 14662: 14652: 14647: 14479: 14462: 14286: 14201: 14041: 13916: 12870:. Translated by Seyyed Hossein Nasr. State University of New York Press. 12374:), translated by Paul Sprachman. Delmor, NY: Center for Iranian Studies, 12370: 10387: 10154: 9217:ولایت علی در قرآن کریم و سنت پیامبر، مرکز فرهنگی انتشاراتی منیر، چاپ هفتم 8663:

Constructing nationalism in Iran: from the Qajars to the Islamic Republic

8574:

Transnational Shia politics: religious and political networks in the Gulf

7783:, divinely guided leaders of the Shiʿi communities, sinless, and granted 7453:

less than 5% to 17% of Nigeria's Muslim population of about 100 million."

7388: 7140: 7132: 7065: 6900:

from 788 to 985 CE. Another Zaydī State was established in the region of

6828:

rebellion against the Umayyads in protest of their tyranny and corruption

6638: 6516:; Ṭayyibi Ismāʿīlīs, also known as "Bohras", are further divided between 6342: 6318: 6314: 6244: 6218: 5990: 5806: 5507: 4959: 4954: 4560: 4510: 4494: 4438: 4328: 4311: 4252: 4020: 3700: 3683: 3583: 3522: 3327: 3241: 3203: 2973: 2938: 2921: 2877:, Muhammad's birth date. Unlike Sunnī Muslims, who celebrate the 12th of 2860: 2815: 2806: 2651: 2618: 2613: 2574: 2157: 2100: 1919: 1499:

Shia Islam is followed by 10–15% of all Muslims. Although there are many

1453: 1421: 1388:'spiritual and political leader') after him, most notably at the 1003: 961: 885: 455: 370: 365: 316: 249: 204: 189: 184: 174: 139: 21842: 21783: 20886: 20280: 20099: 19648: 12613: 12302: 12067: 12036: 11560:"حين يكتشف المغاربة أنهم كانوا شيعة وخوارج قبل أن يصبحوا مالكيين !" 11398:

The Middle East Today: Political, Geographical and Cultural Perspectives

8948: 8813: 8444:"Lady Fatima inspired women of Iran to emerge as an extraordinary force" 8183: 8153: 7738: 2638:

Shīʿa Muslims believe that the armaments and sacred items of all of the

22494: 22489: 22359: 22354: 22317: 22295: 22152: 22132: 22127: 21968: 21958: 21921: 21525: 21303: 21251: 20991: 20636: 20616: 20152: 20077: 20016: 19780: 19760: 19681: 19333: 19272: 19051: 19046: 19031: 18615: 17697: 17625: 16748: 16545: 16326: 16272: 16170: 16108: 16059: 16025: 15978: 15899: 15832: 15819: 15737: 15713: 15642: 15489: 15411: 15314: 14687: 14451: 14447: 14281: 14206: 14182: 14147: 14101: 14036: 13996: 13971: 13926: 13911: 13901: 12985: 12566: 11972: 11164: 7232: 7156: 6981: 6909: 6714: 6464: 6427: 6310: 6306: 6107: 5755:

According to the theology of Twelvers, the successor of Muhammad is an

5578: 5239: 5234: 4923: 4918: 4649: 4533: 3938: 3727:

venerated by Shia Muslims are centered on narrations by members of the

3719:

during his lifetime), and other areas of Islamic belief throughout the

3363: 3359: 2697: 2585:

Shīʿa Muslims believe that the status of ʿAlī is supported by numerous

2509: 2150: 1811: 1807: 1595:), meaning "partisans of Ali", "followers of Ali" or "faction of Ali". 510: 21333: 20172: 14532:

Abū’l-Hūsayn Abdūrrāhīm ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Uthmān al-Hayyāt (Hayyātīyya)

14391:

Abū Abdirrahmān Bishr ibn Ghiyāth ibn Abī Karīma al-Marīsī al-Baghdādī

11457: 11261: 7216:(eastern region of Iraq) that commemorates the martyrdom and death of 6768:

who are Twelvers (see below). Zaydīs constitute roughly 42–47% of the

5900:

In Jaʿfari jurisprudence, there are eight secondary pillars, known as

5818: 2041: 1436:

by a group of Muhammad's other companions at Saqifah, to be the first

22436: 22232: 22147: 22137: 22008: 21963: 21948: 21881: 21729: 21196: 21118: 21078: 21068: 21031: 21006: 20986: 20881: 20747: 20601: 20591: 20353: 20273: 20268: 20179: 19989: 19974: 19939: 19922: 19904: 19817: 19597: 19513: 19492: 19487: 19464: 19459: 19418: 19413: 19350: 19287: 19210: 19181: 19132: 19073: 19026: 18320: 17751: 17693: 17640: 17508: 17008: 16996: 16974: 16905: 16818:

Abū Abdi’l-Lāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ad Faraj ibn Carīr ibn Mâlik al-Iyādī

16809: 16710: 16655: 16580: 16234: 16229: 16155: 16099: 15845: 15700: 15693: 15569: 15480: 15394: 15374: 15219: 15160: 14672: 14640: 14595:

Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Husayn ibn Muḥāmmad ibn ʿAbdillāh an-Najjār ar-Rāzī

14483: 14361: 14276: 14271: 14081: 14046: 13941: 13936: 13047:

Shiʻite Identities: Community and Culture in Changing Social Contexts

12846:

Doctrines of Shiʻi Islam: A Compendium of Imami Beliefs and Practices

12471:"Malaysian government to Shia Muslims: Keep your beliefs to yourself" 10612:

Twelver Shiism: Unity and Diversity in the Life of Islam, 632 to 1722

7197: 7159:, without the rights to practice their religion and freely organize. 7016: 6953: 6941: 6685: 6521: 6338: 6198: 6127: 6065: 6033: 6021: 5952: 5841: 5829: 4873: 4607: 4600: 4320:

capable of taking a political stand different from official policies.

4024: 3990: 3587: 3487: 3402: 3331: 3225: 3076: 3033: 1472:'People of the House'), are rightful rulers or Imams through 907: 545: 430: 304: 62: 19869: 19398: 16999: 13241: 10788:"Challenges For Saudi Arabia Amidst Protests in the Gulf – Analysis" 9968:"The New Middle East, Turkey, and the Search for Regional Stability" 8084: 5969:(20% tax on savings yearly, after deduction of commercial expenses). 4182:

966–d. 992) was a Shia Fatimid general. Under the command of Caliph

4070: 3640:. Imami Shīʿītes believe that Imams are the spiritual and political 22239: 21983: 21973: 21828: 21318: 21298: 21125: 21001: 20856: 20420: 20142: 20082: 20001: 19909: 19896: 19874: 19854: 19832: 19827: 19807: 19747: 19714: 19653: 19497: 19482: 19360: 19321: 19277: 19068: 19005: 18909: 18812: 18663: 18159: 18017: 17969: 17763: 17669: 17620: 17348: 17193: 17160: 17015: 16900: 16892: 16681: 16086: 16017: 15940: 15923: 15754: 15741: 15574: 15520: 15302: 14750: 14541: 14374: 13966: 13682: 13368: 12416: 11660:"Shiʻah tenets concerning the question of the imamate – New Page 1" 11245: 10576:

Aswad, B. and Abowd, T., 2013. Arab Americans. Race and Ethnicity:

10470:

Bedford, Sofie (2016). Ismayilov, Murad; Graham, Norman A. (eds.).

7760: 7316: 7301: 7177: 7148: 7108: 7043: 7040: 6921: 6905: 6729: 6282: 6264: 6098:(Islamist) Shia Muslim. Because of the concept of the hidden Imam, 5634: 5516: 5483: 5132: 5127: 5018: 4753: 4480: 4387: 4363: 4232: 4033: 3899: 3775:

It is believed in Twelver and Ismāʿīlī branches of Shia Islam that

3716: 3578: 3292: 3279: 2864: 2854: 2780: 1437: 1429: 1217: 1185: 899: 833: 435: 408: 394: 134: 12325:

The Shia Revival: How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future

12149:"From Paper State to Caliphate: The Ideology of the Islamic State" 10209:"The Arab Spring: The Initiating Event for a New Arab World Order" 10000:

The Alevis in Turkey: The Emergence of a Secular Islamic Tradition

9507: 7746: 6590: 5981:

is the responsibility of Muhammad and the Twelve Imams. Since the

5787:, who is believed by Twelvers to be currently alive and hidden in 5520:(i.e., someone authorized to issue legal opinions in Shia Islam). 5511: 4621:

Significant Shia communities also exist in the coastal regions of

4094: 3973:

dynasty. at its peak consisted of large portions of Iran and Iraq.

3598: 3362:, the governor of Damascus. ʿAlī withdrew to Kufa, overcoming the 2849:

and grandson of Muhammad, who was killed by Yazid ibn Muawiyah in

2733: 2716: 22513: 22112: 22077: 21998: 21911: 21852: 21756: 21459: 21313: 21063: 21016: 20901: 20777: 20596: 20021: 19984: 19795: 19345: 19311: 19154: 18855: 18678: 18274: 17962: 17842: 17720: 17715: 17702: 17686: 17679: 17674: 17406: 17198: 17178: 17139: 16984: 16831:

Abū Hāshīm Abdu’s-Salām ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb al-Jubbā'ī

16775: 16727: 16574: 16564: 16289: 16238: 16192: 16030: 15927: 15828: 15807: 15686: 15681: 15556: 15507: 15435: 15384: 15105: 14984: 14657: 14471: 14403: 13793: 12534:"Conspiratorial Narratives in Violent Political Actors' Language" 12195: 11371:"Are the Druze People Arabs or Muslims? Deciphering Who They Are" 10236:

International Religious Freedom (2010): Annual Report to Congress

8855:"From the article on Shii Islam in Oxford Islamic Studies Online" 8355: 8314:, by Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i (1979), pp. 41–44 7985:

Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali (20 July 2005). Ehsan Yarshater (ed.).

7576: 7173: 7169: 6917: 6897: 6893: 6889: 6745: 6705: 6568: 6431: 6073: 6027: 6015: 5833: 5590: 5582: 5529: 5487: 5357: 5273: 5268: 5205: 5200: 5182: 5093: 5088: 5033: 5028: 4983: 4908: 4665: 4611: 4589: 4458: 4412: 4339: 4314:

on the state followed by the emergence of an independent body of

4240: 4000: 3967: 3953: 3942: 3932: 3898:") in Islam, will descend at the point of a white arcade east of 3895: 3776: 3531: 3482: 3467: 3394: 3290:

met with the leaders of Medina and elected Abū Bakr as the first

3136: 3123:

explicitly labeled as impure by certain Shia religious scholars.

3041: 3005: 3001: 2965: 2893: 2850: 2774: 2746: 2533: 2304: 2300: 2087: 2026: 1516: 1512: 1417: 1050: 727: 311: 299: 294: 12683: 11269: 4307:

onwards and the resurgence of antagonism between the two groups.

4227: 22421: 22300: 22285: 22104: 21993: 21978: 21936: 21714: 21592: 20866: 20621: 20611: 20223: 20184: 20026: 19634: 19604: 19328: 18192: 18166: 18125: 18086: 18003: 17916: 17837: 17739: 17649: 17580: 17575: 17342: 17266: 17203: 17183: 17064: 17028: 16212: 16115: 16052: 15931: 15774: 15728: 15208: 14517:

Abū Mūsā Isā ibn Subeyh (Sabīh) al-Murdār al-Bāsrī (Murdārīyya)

14475: 14422: 13846: 13757: 13314: 12199:

The Psychologies in Religion: Working with the Religious Client

12108: 11984: 11980: 11709:

Hamid Al-Din Al-Kirmani: Ismaili Thought in the Age of Al-Hakim

11176: 11172: 10394:. Japan Center for Area Studies, National Museum of Ethnology. 9532: 8294:", Brandon Toropov, Father Luke Buckles, Alpha; 3rd ed., 2004, 8014: 8012: 8010: 8008: 7784: 7201: 7088: 6973: 6945: 6814: 6785: 6536:, and the Imams following him went into a period of anonymity ( 6494: 6302: 6210: 6202: 6006: 6002: 5860: 5823: 5764: 5680: 5614: 5451:

As of 2015, about 5% of Omanis are Shia (compared to about 50%

5186: 5162: 5157: 4979: 4888: 4883: 4630: 4615: 4570:(no figures exist for the non-citizen population), over 20% in 4516: 4379: 4355: 4347: 4264: 4150: 4146: 4134: 4041: 3997: 3847: 3784: 3709: 3594:(shown below). Two swords were captured from the temple of the 3553: 3550:

definitive separation between the Shia and Sunnī sects of Islam

3540: 3445: 3372:). Subsequently, Muawiyah asserted his claim to the caliphate. 3315: 3237: 3080: 2989: 2874: 2788:. The Sunnīs tend to combine only under certain circumstances. 2586: 2525: 2166: 1998: 1779: 1630:) denotes both the singular noun and the adjective form, while 1433: 1070: 1060: 849: 817: 809: 794: 788: 672: 560: 500: 403: 384: 179: 169: 77: 20812: 14382:

Abū Muḥrīz Jahm ibn Ṣafwān ar-Rāsibī as-Samarqāndī at-Tirmidhī

12156:

The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World

11941:"Arab Coalition Faces New Islamic State Foe in Yemen Conflict" 10546:"Islamic Movement in Nigeria: The Iranian-inspired Shia group" 7273: 6995:

Currently, the most prominent Zaydī political movement is the

6554:

Ismāʿīlīs have categorized their practices which are known as

3303: 2980:

in Shia Islam. 25 Million Shias visiting the shrine each year.

2957: 2900:. This day is also considered as the "'women and mothers' day" 1731: 1685: 1654: 1619: 1315: 593: 22117: 21891: 21871: 21856: 21432: 21258: 21053: 20916: 20871: 20851: 20011: 19408: 19254: 19036: 18441: 18266: 18220: 18208: 18010: 17996: 17955: 17732: 17570: 17427: 17413: 17334: 17297: 17188: 16224: 15849: 15650: 15638: 14440: 14415: 14386: 13775: 12054: 10531:"More Trouble Between Nigeria's Shia Minority and the Police" 10294: 8036: 8034: 8032: 7772: 7213: 7000: 6920:; it lasted until the death of its leader at the hand of the 6655: 6616: 6584: 6574: 6456: 6440: 6419: 6393: 6326: 6298: 6286: 6278: 6069: 5998: 5965: 5945: 5937: 5930: 5909: 5760: 5756: 5668: 5452: 5402: 5397: 4998: 4993: 4853: 4848: 4818: 4669: 4657: 4396: 4359:(accounts of the sayings and living habits attributed to the 4343: 4316: 4195: 4142: 4118: 3928: 3867: 3816: 3761: 3712:(accounts of the sayings and living habits attributed to the 3622: 3368: 3343: 3257: 3158: 2997: 2985: 2907: 2868: 2785: 2762: 2757: 2738: 2513: 2489: 2433:) similar to Muhammad, according to the Shīʿīte perspective. 2406: 2240: 2099:), the Islamic profession of faith, differs from that of the 2058: 2054: 2046: 1974: 1962: 1910: 1827: 1795: 1763: 1485: 1331: 1212: 1090: 781: 739: 732: 655: 647: 413: 389: 13028:

Early Shiʻi Thought: The Teachings of Imam Muhammad Al-Baqir

12631:"The Islamic State Exploits Entrenched Anti-Shia Incitement" 11456:. Embassy of the Republic of Yemen in Canada. Archived from 8005: 5733:

Sunni reports about there being 12 successors to the Prophet

3240:'s husband, first emerged as a distinct movement during the 2760:

five times daily, Shia Muslims have the option of combining

2577:

believe that the future Mahdi has not yet arrived on Earth.

2543:

Twelver Shīʿa Muslims believe that the prophesied Mahdi and

22042: 21931: 19842: 18781: 18107: 18079: 18029: 17976: 17921: 17434: 16882:

Abū’l-Kāsīm Abdullāh ibn Ahmad ibn Māhmūd al-Balhī al-Kā‘bī

14426: 14421:

Abū Muḥāmmad (Abū’l-Hākem) Heshām ibn Sālem al-Jawālikī al-

14351: 12058: 12035:

Rickenbacher, Daniel (August 2019). Jikeli, Gunther (ed.).

11428:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 106–108. 7092: 6913: 6662:) in Yemen to appoint a vicegerent after the seclusion—the 6606: 6600: 6240: 5974: 5925: 5917: 5586: 5574: 5478:

Schools of Islamic theology § Shia schools of theology

5432: 5427: 4789: 4784: 4719: 4626: 4588:

hosts a number of distinct Shia communities, including the

4399:

school of thought also increased in strength at this time.

4276: 4248: 4004: 3980: 3792: 3671: 3406: 3319: 3120: 3061: 2969: 2820: 2750: 2481: 2073: 1978: 1790:

refers to those who believe that ʿAlī is designated as the

1775: 1734: 1697: 1657: 1622: 1318: 841: 749: 16842:

Abū Ma‘n Sūmāma ibn Ashras an-Nūmayrī al-Bāsrī al-Baghdādī

12750:

The Charismatic Community: Shiʻite Identity in Early Islam

11979:. Brill Handbooks on Contemporary Religion. Vol. 21. 11171:. Brill Handbooks on Contemporary Religion. Vol. 21. 10940:"Akhund Khurasani and the Iranian Constitutional Movement" 10919: 8923:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. p. 3. 8830: 8029: 6692:) differ on who the current "Unrestricted Missionary" is. 6325:, and in recent years several Ismāʿīlīs have emigrated to 3983:

dynasty with several lines that ruled in various parts of

2930:, anniversary of the night of the revelation of the Quran. 2508:

held in various denominations of Shīʿa Islam concerning a

1728: 1682: 1651: 1616: 1312: 21941: 21906: 20581: 19918: 14785: 11480:"Yemen [Yamaniyyah]: general data of the country" 9662: 7764: 7685:

Foody, Kathleen (September 2015). Jain, Andrea R. (ed.).

7242:

The most recent campaign of anti-Shia oppression was the

5884: 5626: 3667: 3275: 3233: 3213: 3186:

as "the Shiite Ismaili century in the history of Islam".

3009: 2903: 2768: 2477: 2398: 1994: 1767: 1688: 1342: 14527:

Abū Alī Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb ibn Sallām al-Jubbā'ī

12532:

Baele, Stephane J. (October 2019). Giles, Howard (ed.).

12255:"Al-Ahram Weekly | Region | Shiʻism or schism" 11801:

Global, Regional, and Local Dynamics in the Yemen Crisis

11103:"The Right Path: A Post-Mongol Persian Ismaili Treatise" 10560:"2018 Report on International Religious Freedom: Kuwait" 10295:

Charton-Bigot, Helene; Rodriguez-Torres, Deyssi (2010).

8601:

Iraq Then and Now: A Guide to the Country and Its People

8415: 7139:

allies and imprisoned, persecuted, and killed them. The

6860:

first Zaydī Imam and founder of the Zaydī State in Yemen

5763:

with justice but also is able to keep and interpret the

5549:

often refer to the Twelvers by default. The designation

4391:

an opportunity to fill the legal vacuum and enabled the

2573:("Unrestricted Missionary") maintains contact with him. 12614:"Anti-Shiite and Anti-Iranian Discourses in ISIS Texts" 11548:. ar-Rabāṭ: Dār al-Manṣūr (published 1972). p. 38. 11080:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 1–4. 10473:

Turkish–Azerbaijani Relations: One Nation – Two States?

7897:. New York: Macmillan reference USA. pp. 621–624. 6172:, wherein they differ from the Twelvers, who recognize 6076:

groups in favoring the idea of the establishment of an

18824: 12281:"The Shia, Ted Thornton, NMH, Northfield Mount Hermon" 11790: 11788: 11786: 10877: 10865: 10454:"Islam's gradual resurgence in post-Soviet Azerbaijan" 10388:

Yasurō Hase; Hiroyuki Miyake; Fumiko Oshikawa (2002).

10141:

Religions: Sunni Muslim 80%, Shia Muslim 19%, other 1%

8245:

Expectation of the Millennium : Shiìsm in History

6451:, a claimant to the Ismāʿīlī Imamate, established the 6005:, and identify legal decisions within the confines of 5973:

According to Twelvers, defining and interpretation of

4536:, although the total number is difficult to estimate. 4528:. It is estimated that either 10–20% or 10–13% of the 3342:

in 656, where Ali's forces emerged victorious against

2916:

is the birth date of the 12th and final Twelver imam,

2802:

Shia Muslims celebrate the following annual holidays:

2520:, the main goal of Imam Mahdi will be to establish an 30:"Shia" and "Shias" redirect here. For other uses, see 14579:

Abū Amr Ḍirār ibn Amr al-Gatafānī al-Kūfī (Ḍirārīyya)

14542:

Abū Uthmān Amr ibn Bhār ibn Māhbūb al-Jāhiz al-Kinānī

12942:

Eternal Performance: Taziyah and Other Shiite Rituals

12030: 12028: 12026: 11919:"Yemen govt vows to stay in Aden despite IS bombings" 11417: 11222:

Poonawala, Ismail K. (July–September 1999). "Review:

9846:"Foreign Affairs – When the Shiites Rise – Vali Nasr" 9610:"Jurisprudence and Law – Islam: Reorienting the Veil" 9443: 9198: 9196: 8890:; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.). 4153:, Muhammad's daughter, from whom they claim descent. 3314:

With the murder of ʿUthmān in 657 CE, the Muslims of

3127:, who have historically played a crucial role in the 2809:, which marks the end of fasting during the month of 2784:, as there are three distinct times mentioned in the 2649:, were handed down in succession to the Imams of the 1937: 1691: 1451:, the idea that certain descendants of Muhammad, the 16814:

Abū Sahl Bīshr ibn al-Mu‘tamīr al-Hilālī al-Baghdādī

14412:

Abu’l-Hassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān ibn Bashīr al-Azdī

13358: 12257:. Weekly.ahram.org.eg. 17 March 2004. Archived from 11541: 11531:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 262. 9413:

The Cambridge illustrated history of the Middle Ages

7269: 5189:, whom the Kuwaiti government count as Shia). Among 4675: 3856:

sectarian differences within the boundaries of Islam

3810: 3756:

otherwise, I will send you to the land of Dus." (An

3751:

lashed him, rebuked him, and forbade him to narrate

2428: 2392: 2372: 2352: 2263: 2016: 1757: 1737: 1582: 1576: 1411: 1364: 12885:Ṭabataba'i, Allamah Sayyid Muḥammad Husayn (1977). 11962: 11960: 11958: 11797:"The Role of "Coup Forces," Saleh, and the Houthis" 11783: 11510:"Sunni-Shiʻa Schism: Less There Than Meets the Eye" 11069: 8331:Al-Kulayni, Abu Jaʼfar Muhammad ibn Yaʼqub (2015). 8248:, State University of New York Press, 1989, p. 19, 6434:. In contrast, some Ismāʿīlīs believed the Imamate 5541:is the largest branch of Shia Islam, and the terms 3628:Later, most denominations of Shia Islam, including 3613:Depiction of ʿAlī's sword and shield carved on the 1725: 1703: 1679: 1648: 1613: 1539:. Significant Shiite communities are also found in 1309: 16858:Abū Bakr Muḥāmmad ibn Abdillāh ibn Shabīb al-Basrī 16806:Abū Amr (Abū Mu‘tamīr) Muāmmar ibn Abbād as-Sūlamī 14520:Hīshām ibn Amr al-Fuwātī ash-Shaybānī (Hīshāmīyya) 13144: 12836: 12389:"Saudi Arabia – The Saud Family and Wahhabi Islam" 12023: 11582: 11542:Ibn Abī Zarʻ al-Fāsī, ʻAlī ibn ʻAbd Allāh (1340). 10180:Merrick, Jane; Sengupta, Kim (20 September 2009). 9357:. New York: W.W. Norton Company Inc. p. 313. 9253:Encyclopaedia of Islam and the Muslim world; vol.1 9193: 8949:"The Shura Principle in Islam – by Sadek Sulaiman" 8690: 8416:Trawicky, Bernard; Wilhelme Gregory, Ruth (2002). 8335:. South Huntington, NY: The Islamic Seminary Inc. 7980: 7978: 7822: 7810: 7547: 6060:greatly inspired by the political ideology of the 5783:) through Muhammad. The twelfth and final Imam is 5461: 4520:Map of the Muslim world's schools of jurisprudence 2920:. It is celebrated by Shia Muslims on the 15th of 2160:. The three clauses of the Shīʿīte version of the 16346:Haisamīyya (Abū ʿAbdallāh Muhammad ibn al-Haisam) 13123:Expectation of the Millennium: Shiʻism in History 13113: 12093:Badara, Mohamed; Nagata, Masaki (November 2017). 10499:"Why have Afghanistan's Shias been targeted now?" 9948:"International Religious Freedom Report for 2012" 9689: 9684:Shia Islam represents 10–20% of Muslims worldwide 7839:. London: Islamic Centre of England. p. 56. 4706:Percent of population that is Shia in 2009 (Pew) 4019:in 1219–1224, and founded by Genghis's grandson, 3232:The Shia, originally known as the "partisans" of 1909:, all bound by the belief that the leader of the 23805: 15275: 14509:Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni’ an-Nazzām 12688:. Columbia University Center for Iranian Studies 11955: 11292:"al-Hakim bi Amr Allah: Fatimid Caliph of Egypt" 10321: 7501:Shia Islam and Politics: Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon 7476:Shia Islam and Politics: Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon 6176:, younger brother of Ismāʿīl, as the true Imam. 4709:Percent of global Shia population in 2009 (Pew) 2164:thus address the fundamental Islamic beliefs of 2032: 16673:Abū Abdillāh Mugīre ibn Sāīd al-ʿIjlī el-Bajalī 14523:Abū Sahl Abbād ibn Sulaimān (Salmān) as-Sāymarī 13413: 12707:Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World: A–L 12142: 12140: 12088: 12086: 11765:"Universiteit Utrecht Universiteitsbibliotheek" 11580: 11154: 11152: 11150: 11148: 11146: 11144: 10651:Historical Dictionary of Islamic Fundamentalism 10426:. Central Intelligence Agency. 2 December 2021. 10381: 10328:. kassel university press GmbH. pp. 136–. 10298:Nairobi Today: the Paradox of a Fragmented City 10179: 10065: 9471: 9469: 8392:Ritual, politics, and the city in Fatimid Cairo 8226:"How do Sunnis and Shias differ theologically?" 7975: 7526: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7503:. Lanham (Md.): Lexington Books. pp. 1–3. 6160:as the divinely appointed spiritual successor ( 5468:Islamic schools and branches § Shīʿa Islam 5116:, an Iranian-inspired Shia organization led by 3886:(ʿĪsā), who is to assist the Mahdi against the 2972:, is a complex which contains the mausoleum of 2717:Doctrine about necessity of acquiring knowledge 2496:—once appeared and offered prayers at Jamkaran. 12889:. Albany: State University of New York Press. 12884: 12299:"The Origins of the Sunni/Shia split in Islam" 11893:"Yemen's Houthis form own government in Sanaa" 11848: 11846: 11844: 11752:At-tarikh as-saghir 'an ash-shia al-yamaniyeen 11695:At-tarikh as-saghir 'an ash-shia al-yamaniyeen 11682:At-tarikh as-saghir 'an ash-shia al-yamaniyeen 11613: 10439:"Why Azerbaijan is closer to Israel than Iran" 8878: 8876: 7659: 7059: 5258:Shi'a Muslims in Tajikistan are predominantly 4342:school of thought, which taught that only the 4007:in the 13th century, considered a part of the 3708:on the interpretation of some Quranic verses, 3448:, where in 670 CE he was poisoned by his wife 3131:, received relatively more lenient treatment. 2841:for Shia Muslims commemorate the martyrdom of 2606:Hadith of the invitation of the close families 18797: 17282: 15254:List of contemporary Muslim scholars of Islam 14604:Abū ʿAbdallāh Ibnū’z-Zā‘farānī (Zā‘farānīyya) 13698: 13399: 12445:"Christian outsider in Saddam's inner circle" 11224:The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning 9922:"International Religious Freedom Report 2010" 9277:"نقد و بررسى گرایش ایلخانان به اسلام و تشیّع" 9159:"امامت از منظر متکلّمان شیعی و فلاسفه اسلامی" 9084:Religious trends in pre-Islamic Arabic poetry 8597: 8422:. American Library Association. p. 233. 8292:The Complete Idiot's Guide to World Religions 7680: 7678: 7676: 7674: 7672: 7670: 7668: 7478:. Lanham (Md.): Lexington Books. p. 11. 7342:Imamate and guardianship of Ali ibn Abi Talib 6892:whose dynasty, named after its first sultan, 6680:). The three branches of Musta‘lī Ismāʿīlīs ( 6156:, derive their name from their acceptance of 5759:human individual who not only rules over the 3698:This difference between following either the 3559: 3375: 2117:لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله 1420:. This view primarily contrasts with that of 1281: 616: 13304: 13044: 12800:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. 12202:. Springer Publishing Company. p. 237. 12196:Stevan Lars Nielson; E. Thomas Dowd (2006). 12137: 12092: 12083: 12034: 11799:. In Day, Stephen W.; Brehony, Noel (eds.). 11794: 11141: 10807: 10805: 10524: 10522: 10315: 10182:"Yemen: The land with more guns than people" 9480:. In Ágoston, Gábor; Masters, Bruce (eds.). 9466: 9307:"The Five Kingdoms of the Bahmani Sultanate" 9022:""Solhe Emam Hassan"-Imam Hassan Sets Peace" 7517: 6092:was the first person to identify himself as 2563:believe the same but for their 21st Ṭayyib, 2295:Shīʿa Muslims also attribute the quality to 2066: 16352:Ishāqīyya (Abū Yaʿqūb Ishāq ibn Mahmashādh) 12703:Encyclopaedia of Islam and the Muslim World 12525: 11885: 11841: 11502: 10684:God's rule: the politics of world religions 10598: 10465: 10463: 10082:on Afghanistan. August 2008. Archived from 9840: 9838: 8882: 8873: 8534:. Archived from the original on 3 June 2002 7984: 7692:Journal of the American Academy of Religion 7172:(1512–1520) ordered the massacre of 40,000 7095:, houses the mausoleums of the two sons of 6414:, many Ismāʿīlīs believed that one day the 3872:prophesied eschatological redeemer of Islam 3111:. This categorization sometimes extends to 3012:are the most revered by Shīʿa Muslims. The 2303:, daughter of Muhammad, in contrast to the 18804: 18790: 17289: 17275: 16373:Tarā'ifīyya (Ahmad ibn ʿAbdūs at-Tarā'ifī) 13725: 13705: 13691: 13406: 13392: 12939: 12862: 12766: 12639:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 12628: 11966: 11750:Article by Sayyid Ali ibn ' Ali Al-Zaidi, 11693:Article by Sayyid 'Ali ibn 'Ali Al-Zaidi, 11395: 11215: 10903:(in Persian). 1 March 2020. Archived from 10818:. Crabtree Publishing Company. p. 7. 10367:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 55. 10152: 9786: 9784: 9782: 9780: 9778: 9776: 9774: 9623: 9621: 9619: 9533:Stanford J. Shaw; Ezel Kural Shaw (1976). 8857:. Oxfordislamicstudies.com. Archived from 8356:Allamah Muhammad Rida Al Muzaffar (1989). 8330: 8326: 8324: 8322: 8320: 8108: 8106: 7895:Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World 7665: 7151:acts. Comprising only about 10–15% of the 6627: 5896:: the rightful place of the Shīʿīte Imams. 5851:to the Jaʿfari jurisprudence are known as 4279:, rebuilt various important Sunnī shrines. 4011:. The Ilkhanate was based, originally, on 3586:of ʿAlī's sword is carved on the gates of 3103:, has considered non-Muslims as agents of 2551:, is already on Earth in Occultation, and 2149:of God is derived from the Qur'anic verse 1288: 1274: 623: 609: 13337: 13165: 12814: 12565: 12555: 12539:Journal of Language and Social Psychology 12120: 12066: 11996: 11680:Article by Sayyid 'Ali ibn 'Ali Al-Zaidi, 11221: 11188: 10849:Al-Kafi Book I: Intellect and Foolishness 10802: 10615:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 2. 10564:Office of International Religious Freedom 10519: 10360: 10301:. African Books Collective. p. 239. 10271: 9996: 9940: 9246: 9244: 9186: 9184: 8979:"Sunnis and Shia: Islam's ancient schism" 8697:Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World 8638:Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World 8577:. Columbia University Press. p. 22. 7712: 7399:Persecution of Shias by the Islamic State 7364:Intellectual proofs in Shia jurisprudence 4295:. This caused a number of changes in the 4040:. Later Ilkhanate rulers, beginning with 2629: 2512:, the hidden and last Imam known as "the 1997:to be Muhammad's successor and the first 1893:Learn how and when to remove this message 21361: 15975:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah 14514:Abū Bakr Abdurrahmān ibn Kaysān al-Asāmm 13139: 12442: 12225:"Hanging will bring only more bloodshed" 11731: 11585:Introduction to Islamic Theology and Law 11229:Journal of the American Oriental Society 10528: 10460: 10436: 10288: 10274:"Nigeria: 'No Settlement With Iran Yet'" 9835: 9052: 7767:as his friend, but appointed him as his 7604:. In subsequent sections, the spellings 7498: 7473: 7079: 6986:second dominant religious group in Yemen 6936:were initially Zaydī Shias, as were the 6764:. However, there is also a group called 6756:, is a branch of Shia Islam named after 6728: 6709: 6235: 4515: 4479: 4395:to assert their judicial authority. The 4226: 4223:Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam 4093: 4069: 4058:(1347–1527): a Shia Muslim state of the 3842: 3658: 3608: 3572: 3470:-based Persian artist Abbas Al-Mousavi, 3458: 3393: 3302: 3207: 2956: 2732: 2468: 2436: 2275:'protection') is the concept of 2230: 2109:La ilaha illallah, Muhammadun rasulullah 2040: 1957: 22658: 16198:Nafi ibn al-Azraq al-Hānafī al-Handhalī 13206: 13085: 12960: 12792: 12656: 12611: 12596: 12409: 11977:Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements 11526: 11423: 11346:. Temple Lodge Publishing. p. 83. 11169:Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements 11075: 10937: 10871: 10811: 10780: 10716: 10697:What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam 10647: 10544:Tangaza, Haruna Shehu (5 August 2019). 10543: 10496: 10469: 10232: 10106: 9924:. U.S. Government Department of State. 9771: 9616: 9475: 9352: 9099: 9080: 8916: 8886:(2014). "Ghadīr Khumm". In Kate Fleet; 8776: 8521: 8468: 8388: 8372:"The Beliefs of Shia Islam – Chapter 1" 8317: 8119:. Transaction Publishers. p. 463. 8112: 8103: 8085:"اضافه شدن نام حضرت علی (ع) به شهادتین" 8051: 7867: 7568: 7210:attacked and sacked the city of Karbala 7180:(Anatolian Shia Muslims). According to 7029:Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen 7013:Houthis took over the Yemeni government 5557:". Twelver Shia are otherwise known as 4656:states. Several African countries like 3310:, site of ʿAlī's assassination (661 CE) 1870:cluttered, inconsistent, and confusing. 14: 23806: 15555: 15198:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity 13321:at the Aga Khan Centre. Archived from 13305:Daftary, Farhad; Nanji, Azim (2018) . 13223: 13025: 12747: 12723: 12700: 12504:International Religious Freedom Report 12222: 12146: 11929:from the original on 22 December 2015. 11706: 11589:. Princeton University Press. p. 11316: 11158: 11100: 10925: 10883: 10763: 10759:from the original on 23 November 2011. 10604: 10589: 10206: 10155:"Saudi Arabia's Shia press for rights" 9882:from the original on 28 December 2008. 9790: 9738: 9736: 9734: 9732: 9730: 9728: 9726: 9724: 9722: 9720: 9629:"Mapping the Global Muslim Population" 9416:. Cambridge University Press. p. 9338:. Encyclopædia Iranica. Archived from 9325: 9250: 9241: 9181: 8688: 8660: 8631: 8598:Dabrowska, Karen; Hann, Geoff (2008). 8515: 7892: 7785:special insight into the Qurʾanic text 7771:—as the "lord" or "master" of the new 7499:Armajani, Jon (2020). "Introduction". 6613: 6597: 6581: 6565: 6528:. The former denomination claims that 4644:, made up of modern-era converts to a 4231:One of the first actions performed by 3425:Upon the death of ʿAlī, his elder son 1444:) caliph after Muhammad (632–634 CE). 22657: 21810: 21360: 18823: 18785: 18527: 18295: 17911: 17270: 16766:Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order 15274: 14347:Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar 13724: 13686: 13387: 13184: 13063: 12908:. London: Islamic Centre of England. 12903: 12531: 12477:from the original on 28 February 2014 12412:"Long path to Iraq's sectarian split" 12051:The Return of Religious Antisemitism? 11852: 11620:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 844. 11341: 11321:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 86. 10992:from the original on 18 February 2007 10398:from the original on 6 September 2015 10284:from the original on 18 October 2012. 10219:from the original on 29 August 2020. 10073:"Shia women too can initiate divorce" 9928:from the original on 13 December 2019 9829: 9756:from the original on 14 December 2015 9635:from the original on 14 December 2015 9612:. University of North Carolina. 2009. 9596: 9584: 9202: 9153: 9151: 9117:from the original on 9 February 2015. 8684: 8682: 8656: 8654: 8627: 8625: 8570: 8509:"Karbala and Najaf: Shia holy cities" 8378:from the original on 25 October 2016. 8228:. BBC. 19 August 2009. Archived from 8194: 7969: 7888: 7886: 7884: 7882: 7880: 7878: 7876: 7834: 7684: 7577:"Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic" 7404:Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent 7379:List of Shia Muslim scholars of Islam 6263:by default, who are followers of the 6134: 5747:Reappearance of Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi 5677:collections of sayings and traditions 5658:: God's final assessment of humanity. 4829:Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent 4764:Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent 4712:Population estimate ranges and notes 3829:Reappearance of Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi 3544:), and count him as an Imam from the 2451:Reappearance of Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi 1985:Shīʿa Muslims believe that just as a 18296: 17912: 13712: 13006: 12984: 12223:Maddox, Bronwen (30 December 2006). 11899:from the original on 7 February 2015 11795:Nevola, Luca; Shiban, Baraa (2020). 11670:from the original on 29 August 2012. 11644:. The Institute of Ismaili Studies. 10566:, United States Department of State. 10226: 9960: 9852:from the original on 15 January 2014 9553:from the original on 11 January 2017 8920:On the Khilafah of Ali over Abu Bakr 8604:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 239. 8061:. Mideastweb.org. 14 November 2008. 7893:Martin, Richard C. (2003). "Shīʿa". 7554:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 192. 7258:by the same organization during the 7011:("Partisans of God"). In 2014–2015, 6376:esoteric interpretation of the Quran 6225:), who as A'immah were guides and a 5811:The Twelver jurisprudence is called 4686:Mapping the Global Muslim Population 4378:)—became much weaker. This gave the 4251:, causing sectarian tensions in the 4156:In 909 CE, the Shia military leader 4089: 3948:dynasty. Their headquarters were in 3799:), he had a close relationship with 3521:; right: the shrine premises during 2624:have their own separate hadith canon 1843: 15986:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Hārb ibn al-Kindi 13361:"Shia Islam: History and Doctrines" 13213:Current Trends in Islamist Ideology 13209:"The Dilemmas of Pan-Islamic Unity" 13207:Khalaji, Mehdi (27 November 2009). 13187:Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects 12848:( ed.). London: I. B. Tauris 12410:Gritten, David (25 February 2006). 12393:Library of Congress Country Studies 12301:. Islamfortoday.com. Archived from 11867:Woodrow Wilson International Center 11617:Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics 10497:Massoud, Waheed (6 December 2011). 10342:from the original on 9 October 2013 10253:from the original on 1 January 2014 10239:. Diane Publishing. pp. 261–. 10153:al-Qudaihi, Anees (24 March 2009). 10080:Library of Congress Country Studies 10033:Library of Congress Country Studies 9986:from the original on 18 March 2015. 9896:(Second ed.). 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( 6883: 6053: 5949:(struggle) for the righteous cause; 5722: 5191:Kuwait's large expatriate community 4642:Shia minority is present in Nigeria 4331:phenomenon to become predominantly 4255:when he destroyed the tombs of the 4175: 3858:, in contrast to the traditions of 2580: 2418: 2382: 2362: 2342: 2253: 2217: 2196: 2175: 2135: 2116: 2096: 2067: 2006: 1907:various denominations and subgroups 1604: 1592: 1462: 1401: 1378: 1354: 24: 22627:Religions and spiritual traditions 18826:Religious groups and denominations 12932: 12864:Tabatabaei, Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn 12776:Cambridge History of Islam, Vol. 1 12513:from the original on 28 March 2017 12177:from the original on 21 March 2015 11951:from the original on 4 March 2016. 11570:from the original on 12 June 2008. 11512:. 1991. p. 24. Archived from 10798:from the original on 1 April 2012. 10451: 10437:Reynolds, James (12 August 2012). 10361:Abdullahi, Mohamed Diriye (2001). 9482:Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire 9346: 9331: 9251:Gleave, Robert (2004). "Imamate". 9148: 8811: 8689:Moreen, Vera B. (1 October 2010), 8679: 8651: 8622: 8489:from the original on 24 April 2016 8471:"Inside Iran's Holy Money Machine" 8272:from the original on 29 April 2011 7873: 6929:or rival Zaydī Imams within Iran. 6833: 6739:Al-Mutawakkil Ismāʿīl bin al-Qāsim 6477:The second split occurred between 6370:interpretation of Shia Islam, the 6247:, is the 49th and current Imam of 6179:After the death or Occultation of 6025:, meaning "reference"; the labels 5880:: resurrection and final judgment; 4243:denomination of Shia Islam as the 4129:(909–1171 CE): Controlled much of 3674:, which contains the mausoleum of 2711: 2227:'Imamate or leadership'). 1938:Alī: Muhammad's Rightful Successor 1840:Shia Islamic beliefs and practices 25: 23825: 16358:Muhājirīyya (Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir) 13338:Muharrami, Ghulam-Husayn (2003). 13266: 12816:Sachedina, Abdulaziz Abdulhussein 12629:Matthiesen, Toby (21 July 2015). 12443:Whitaker, Brian (25 April 2003). 12424:from the original on 27 July 2008 12327:. W.W. Norton & Company Inc. 11873:from the original on 7 March 2022 11648:from the original on 6 July 2015. 11490:from the original on 4 March 2016 11298:from the original on 6 April 2007 10699:, Oxford University Press, 2002. 10161:from the original on 7 April 2010 10048:from the original on 17 July 2005 9214: 8959:from the original on 27 July 2016 8632:Tsadik, Daniel (1 October 2010), 8164:from the original on 20 July 2019 8059:"Encyclopedia of the Middle East" 7641:from the original on 31 July 2019 6352: 6104:Persian Constitutional Revolution 5605:. These five principles known as 5309:Islam in the United Arab Emirates 4676:Significant populations worldwide 4212: 3811:Imam Mahdi, last Imam of the Shia 3739:, for example, Ibn Asakir in his 3582:with and without the shield. The 2936:celebrates a meeting between the 2692:(leadership), similar to how the 1981:, the holiest site in Shia Islam. 23787: 23778: 23777: 23591:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 22733:Democratic Republic of the Congo 18766: 18765: 18754: 18275:Schools of islamic jurisprudence 17465:Timeline of the history of Islam 17296: 16376:Tūnīyya (Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh) 14598:Abū Amr (Abū Yahyā) Hāfs al-Fard 14470:Abū Marwān Gaylān ibn Mūslīm ad- 14148:Abū Ḥanīfah al-Nu'mān ibn Thābit 13371:(International Shia News Agency) 13045:Marcinkowski, Christoph (2010). 12590: 12489: 12463: 12436: 12403: 12381: 12358: 12338: 12317: 12291: 12273: 12247: 12216: 12189: 11933: 11911: 11853:Glenn, Cameron (29 April 2015). 11757: 11744: 11732:Madelung, W. (7 December 2007). 11725: 11700: 11687: 11674: 11652: 11634: 11607: 11574: 11552: 11535: 11520: 11472: 11442: 11389: 11363: 11335: 11310: 11284: 11094: 11043: 11017: 11004: 10978: 10931: 10889: 10841: 10832: 10739: 10722: 10710: 10689: 10677: 10668: 10654:. Scarecrow Press. p. 319. 10641: 10583: 10570: 10552: 10537: 10505: 10490: 10445: 10430: 10410: 10354: 10265: 10200: 10173: 10146: 10017: 9990: 9914: 9514:from the original on 16 May 2016 9142:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_0378 8268:. ReligionFacts. 17 March 2004. 8065:from the original on 12 May 2011 7993:from the original on 17 May 2015 7925:from the original on 14 May 2011 7574: 7442: 7300: 7286: 7272: 7143:has often been characterized by 7076:Sectarian violence among Muslims 7037:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict 6695: 6106:at the start of 20th century in 6037:are in use for Twelver clerics. 5794: 5426: 5396: 5366: 5327: 5297: 5267: 5233: 5199: 5156: 5126: 5087: 5058: 5027: 4992: 4953: 4917: 4882: 4847: 4817: 4783: 4752: 4718: 4446: 4435:sectarian crisis between Muslims 4423: 4404: 4149:. The group takes its name from 3603:Raid of Sa'd ibn Zaid al-Ashhali 3507: 3498: 3271:("commander of the believers"). 3099:Shia orthodoxy, particularly in 2598:Hadith of the two weighty things 2405:not only ruling over the entire 1848: 1721: 1675: 1644: 1609: 1305: 1255: 654: 592: 61: 22193:Evolutionary origin of religion 18626:List of ex-Muslim organisations 16928:United Submitters International 16207:Abu Bayhas al-Hāytham ibn Jābir 15585:Alid dynasties of northern Iran 14938:Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi 13224:Bohdan, Siarhei (Summer 2020). 12944:. University of Chicago Press. 12348:. Infobase Publishing. p. 385. 11895:. Al Jazeera. 6 February 2015. 11767:. Library.uu.nl. Archived from 11426:A Short History of the Ismailis 11078:A Short History of the Ismailis 11057:from the original on 6 May 2007 10629:from the original on 1 May 2016 10590:Erlich, Reese (4 August 2015). 10578:The United States and the World 10533:. Council on Foreign Relations. 10529:Campbell, John (10 July 2019). 10207:Sharma, Hriday (30 June 2011). 9872:"Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias" 9864: 9823: 9602: 9590: 9578: 9565: 9526: 9437: 9403: 9386:. Harcourt Press. p. 209. 9371: 9299: 9269: 9232: 9223: 9208: 9121: 9074: 9065: 9046: 9032: 9014: 8997: 8971: 8941: 8910: 8904:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_27419 8847: 8805: 8789: 8767: 8758: 8749: 8740: 8722:Association for Iranian Studies 8710: 8591: 8564: 8501: 8469:Higgins, Andrew (2 June 2007). 8462: 8436: 8409: 8382: 8364: 8349: 8305: 8284: 8258: 8236: 8218: 8209: 8200: 8188: 8176: 8146: 8133: 8077: 7963: 7937: 7911: 7861: 7828: 7816: 7804: 7327:Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam 7021:Saudi Arabian-backed government 7019:, which led to the fall of the 6952:, founded the Zaydī Imamate at 6243:Karim al-Husayni, known as the 6056:) is a new denomination within 5959:Directing others away from evil 5819:school of Islamic jurisprudence 5737:Hadith of the Twelve Successors 5565:; the latter term derives from 5462:Major denominations or branches 4692:Nations with over 100,000 Shia 4469: 3436:enforced public cursing of ʿAlī 3115:, individuals belonging to the 2622:and close associates, and most 2610:Hadith of the Twelve Successors 22549:Separation of church and state 21202:Polytheistic reconstructionism 17222:Sunni schools of jurisprudence 16235:Abū Yazīd Mukhallad ibn Kayrād 14948:Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub 14943:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi 14601:Muḥāmmad ibn ʿĪsā (Burgūsīyya) 14222:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari 12992:. Edinburgh University Press. 12967:Shiʻism: A Religion of Protest 12822:. Oxford University Press US. 12798:A History of Islamic Societies 12778:. Cambridge University Press. 10364:Culture and customs of Somalia 10272:Paul Ohia (16 November 2010). 10127:on Afghanistan. Archived from 9701:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 9539:. Cambridge University Press. 9444:Saunders, John Joseph (1990). 9384:The Mainstream of Civilization 9055:"Ḥasan b. ʿAli b. Abi Ṭāleb". 8773:See: Lapidus p. 47, Holt p. 72 8266:"Compare Shia and Sunni Islam" 7823:Sobhani & Shah-Kazemi 2001 7811:Sobhani & Shah-Kazemi 2001 7653: 7615: 7592:is an alternative spelling of 7583: 7541: 7492: 7467: 7374:List of Shia Islamic dynasties 6964:deposed the last Zaydī Imam. ( 5775:, and Imams must be chosen by 5706:Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni 5655:Resurrection and Last Judgment 4703:Shia population in 2009 (Pew) 4526:second largest branch of Islam 3274:When Muhammad died in 632 CE, 2553:will return at the end of time 1570: 27:Second-largest branch of Islam 13: 1: 20158:Traditional Sabahan religions 16649:al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi 14975:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid 13189:. Syracuse University Press. 13166:Wollaston, Arthur N. (2005). 13009:The Shiʻites: A Short History 12940:Chelkowski, Peter J. (2010). 12730:History of Islamic Philosophy 12164:Center for Middle East Policy 11051:"News Summary: China; Latvia" 10938:Hermann, Denis (1 May 2013). 10686:, p. 146, Jacob Neusner, 2003 8522:Escobar, Pepe (24 May 2002). 7430: 6962:republican revolution of 1962 6775: 6562: 6217:) attributed to Muhammad and 6019:and the clerics are known as 5953:Directing others towards good 5601:Twelver doctrine is based on 4574:, 5–20% of the population in 4283:A major turning point in the 4079: 3916:In the century following the 3456:and saw Ḥasan as an obstacle. 3026:Shrine of Fāṭimah al-Maʿṣūmah 2946: 2818:, which marks the end of the 2281:other prophets and messengers 2158:Muhammad's family and lineage 1581:derives from the Arabic term 282: 18811: 18611:Apostasy in Islam by country 18478:Liberalism and progressivism 16337:ʿĀbidīyya (ʿUthmān al-ʿĀbid) 16278:Abd Allah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi 16259:'Abdullāh ibn Ibāḍ al-Tamimi 15277:Islamic schools and branches 14112:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad 14017:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam 13319:Institute of Ismaili Studies 13274:"Shi'a History and Identity" 12970:. Harvard University Press. 12748:Dakake, Maria Massi (2008). 11817:10.1007/978-3-030-35578-4_15 11707:Walker, Paul Ernest (1999). 11101:Virani, Shafique N. (2010). 10956:10.1080/00263206.2013.783828 9355:Worlds Together Worlds Apart 9283:(in Persian). Archived from 9165:(in Persian). Archived from 9087:. p. 11. Archived from 8896:Encyclopaedia of Islam Three 8026:, LoC: BL31.M47 1999, p. 525 7705:American Academy of Religion 7579:(4th ed.). p. 598. 7460: 7450:Council on Foreign Relations 7235:in 1980. In March 2011, the 6804:, and Ibrahim ibn Abdullah. 6676:Imams remains in seclusion ( 6040: 4461:of the Shia and Sunnī sects 4323:The growth in importance of 4239:was the proclamation of the 4206:, he was freed by al-Muʻizz. 4044:in 1295, chose Islam as the 3905: 2728: 2206:'prophethood'), and 424:Bektashism and folk religion 7: 22402:National religiosity levels 21627:Nauruan Indigenous religion 21182:Hellenism (modern religion) 16269:Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin 14965:Hassan Ala Dhikrihi's Salam 14322:Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi 14257:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi 13414:Shia Islam around the World 12701:Martin, Richard C. (2004). 12685:Encyclopædia Iranica Online 12147:Bunzel, Cole (March 2015). 10515:. CIA World Factbook. 2020. 10119:Central Intelligence Agency 10025:"Country Profile: Pakistan" 9976:Strategic Studies Institute 9446:A History of Medieval Islam 9353:Pollard, Elizabeth (2015). 9309:. orbat.com. Archived from 9059:. Retrieved 7 November 2018 8524:"Knocking on heaven's door" 8395:. SUNY Press. p. 121. 8360:. Ansariyan Qum. p. 1. 7548:Duncan S. Ferguson (2010). 7357:Imamate in Twelver doctrine 7347:Imamate in Ismaili doctrine 7265: 7060:Persecution of Shia Muslims 6869: 6802:Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya 6422:, whom they believed to be 6259:, often referred to as the 5864:: unity and oneness of God; 5729:Imamate in Twelver doctrine 5596: 5514:usually carry the title of 5450: 5447: 5444: 5441: 5420: 5417: 5414: 5411: 5390: 5387: 5384: 5381: 5378:Islam in the United Kingdom 5355: 5352: 5349: 5346: 5321: 5318: 5315: 5312: 5291: 5288: 5285: 5282: 5257: 5254: 5251: 5248: 5227: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5180: 5177: 5174: 5171: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5114:Islamic Movement in Nigeria 5111: 5108: 5105: 5102: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5070:Shi'a Islam in Saudi Arabia 5051: 5048: 5045: 5042: 5016: 5013: 5010: 5007: 4977: 4974: 4971: 4968: 4945: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4862: 4841: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4811: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4767: 4746: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4453:Monument commemorating the 4168:Al-Qaid Jawhar ibn Abdallah 3735:are not included. Those of 3399:S̲h̲āh ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm Shrine 3224:, fol. 162r, 1308–1309 CE, 2994:two holiest cities of Islam 2953:Holiest sites in Shia Islam 2791: 2700:signaled prophethood. Imam 2602:Hadith of the pen and paper 2594:Hadith of the pond of Khumm 2429: 2393: 2373: 2353: 2264: 2185:'oneness of God'), 2103:. The Sunnī version of the 2085:The Shīʿīte version of the 2017: 1868:. The specific problem is: 1814:show: "Indeed, Allah chose 1758: 1634:refers to the plural noun. 1583: 1577: 1412: 1394:Muhammad's other companions 1365: 829:("Stories of the Prophets") 10: 23830: 21811: 18528: 17025:Bandagi Mian Syed Khundmir 16465:Muhammad ibn Ziyād al-Kūfī 16218:Najdah ibn 'Amir al-Hānafī 15896:Nasir Khusraw al-Qubadiani 15380:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 14636:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 14267:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 14227:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 14052:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi 13359:Ayatullāh Jaʿfar Subḥānī. 13087:Shirazi, Sultanu'l-Wa'izin 13026:Lalani, Arzina R. (2000). 12649: 11855:"Who are Yemen's Houthis?" 11527:Hodgson, Marshall (1961). 10605:Newman, Andrew J. (2013). 10476:. Routledge. p. 128. 9979:. April 2008. p. 87. 9448:. Routledge. p. 133. 9107:"Lesson 13: Imam's Traits" 9053:Madelung, Wilfred (2003). 8784:Atlas of the Islamic World 8419:Anniversaries and holidays 7352:Imamate in Nizari doctrine 7073: 7063: 6703: 6549: 6430:, who had a stronghold in 6356: 6142: 5941:(alms giving to the poor); 5872:: prophethood of Muhammad; 5804: 5798: 5740: 5726: 5527: 5523: 5474:List of extinct Shia sects 5471: 5465: 5343:Shia Islam in the Americas 5339:Islam in the United States 4965:Shi'a Islam in Afghanistan 4473: 4216: 3987:, northern Syria and Iraq. 3909: 3832: 3814: 3566: 3379: 3376:Hasan, Husayn, and Karbala 3193: 3189: 3169: 3165: 2950: 2795: 2567:, and also believe that a 2454: 2444: 2238: 1951: 1941: 1837: 1833: 1766:after Muhammad belongs to 29: 23773: 23692: 23609: 23481: 23226: 22951: 22668: 22664: 22653: 22562: 22487: 22258: 22166: 22103: 21821: 21817: 21806: 21369: 21356: 21281: 21104: 21086:Transcendental Meditation 20979: 20966: 20931: 20679: 20656: 20645: 20572: 20535: 20237: 20133: 20115: 20059: 20050: 19967: 19895: 19746: 19737: 19695: 19667: 19625: 19558: 19549: 19540: 19506: 19473: 19445: 19436: 19386: 19253: 18940: 18854: 18845: 18836: 18832: 18819: 18749: 18634: 18601: 18541: 18537: 18523: 18450: 18417: 18389:Geography and cartography 18364: 18311: 18307: 18291: 18117: 18039: 17986: 17935: 17931: 17907: 17777: 17601: 17561: 17444: 17396: 17320: 17316: 17305: 17216: 17169: 17121: 17075: 16965: 16952: 16891: 16788: 16726: 16709: 16596: 16544: 16535: 16474: 16391: 16325: 16302: 16249: 16169: 16154: 16084: 15951: 15794: 15658: 15633: 15609:Extinct Zaydi Shi'a sects 15546: 15446: 15296: 15287: 15283: 15270: 15244: 15189: 15136: 15032: 15025: 14983: 14953:Tayyibi Ismā'īlī doctrine 14913: 14771: 14668:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i 14616: 14586: 14493: 14461: 14402: 14360: 14181: 14135: 14122:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki 14097:Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi 13947:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani 13886: 13877: 13845: 13817: 13784: 13756: 13749: 13745: 13720: 13419: 13071:. Yale University Press. 12122:10.1163/15730255-12314024 11998:10.1163/9789004435544_026 11400:. Routledge. p. 33. 11396:J. Stewart, Dona (2008). 11317:Pintak, Lawrence (2019). 11238:American Oriental Society 11190:10.1163/9789004435544_038 11119:10.1080/00210860903541988 10648:Guidère, Mathieu (2012). 10322:Heinrich Matthée (2008). 10213:E-international Relations 9997:Shankland, David (2003). 9573:Atlas of the Muslim World 8884:Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali 8818:. Encyclopedia Britannica 8556:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 8206:Corbin (1993), pp. 48, 49 8141:Atlas of the Muslim World 6723:first Zaydī Imam of Yemen 6424:Muhammad ibn Imam Ismāʿīl 6181:Muhammad ibn Imam Ismāʿīl 5650:) are divinely appointed; 5245:Shi'a Islam in Tajikistan 4415:as the state religion of 4275:, upon their conquest of 4186:, he led the conquest of 4141:, and the holy cities of 3596:pre-Islamic Arabian deity 3288:Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah 3142:Muḥammad Bāqir al-Majlisῑ 3094: 2737:Shia Muslims gathered in 2723:Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar 22718:Central African Republic 19705:Vietnamese folk religion 19096:Charismatic Christianity 18708:Islamic view of miracles 16638:Umayr ibn Bayān al-ʿIjlī 15513:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 15127:The Moderation in Belief 15008:Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya 14746:Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi 14317:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 14247:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi 13282:Cambridge, Massachusetts 13278:shiism.wcfia.harvard.edu 13170:. Kessinger Publishing. 12612:Ghasemi, Faezeh (2017). 12597:Ghasemi, Faezeh (2020). 12557:10.1177/0261927X19868494 12231:. London. Archived from 11581:Ignác Goldziher (1981). 11424:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 11342:Jonas, Margaret (2011). 11076:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 10986:"Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i" 10812:Richter, Joanne (2006). 10674:Tabataba'i (1979), p. 76 9900:. 2008. pp. 80–81. 9894:Atlas of the Middle East 9081:Mustafa, Ghulam (1968). 8571:Louėr, Laurence (2008). 7989:. Encyclopædia Iranica. 7435: 7337:Imamate in Shia doctrine 7153:global Muslim population 7121:religious discrimination 6856:Al-Ḥādī ila'l-Ḥaqq Yaḥyā 6809:Zaydī doctrine of Imamah 6719:al-Ḥādī ila'l-Ḥaqq Yaḥyā 6449:Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah 6123:Muhammad Kazim Khurasani 5904:, which are as follows: 5751:The Fourteen Infallibles 5662: 4530:global Muslim population 4457:, where more than 7,000 4287:was the dominion of the 3839:Imamate in Shia doctrine 3569:Imamate in Shia doctrine 3236:, Muhammad's cousin and 3228:manuscript illustration) 3134:Shi'ite theologians and 2798:Shia days of remembrance 2465:The Fourteen Infallibles 2316:Shīʿa Muslim theologians 2061:, displaying the phrase 1905:Shīʿa Islam encompasses 1786:expresses that the term 1745:) are the forms used in 1326:) is the second-largest 918:Medieval Islamic science 571:Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim 22612:New religious movements 22245:Theories about religion 22198:Evolutionary psychology 21227:Modern Finnish paganism 19172:Independent Catholicism 18463:Creationism (evolution) 17100:Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani 16491:Hammād ibn Abū Sūlaimān 16409:Yūnus ibn Awn an-Namīrī 16181:Abd al-Karīm ibn Adjrād 15120:Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi 15078:Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah 14933:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani 14337:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 14242:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti 14232:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari 14072:Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani 14027:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi 13962:Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini 13288:). 2022. Archived from 13230:The Middle East Journal 12344:George C. Kohn (2007). 11614:James Hastings (2003). 11014:, Norton, (2006), p. 76 10594:. Agence France-Presse. 9476:Masters, Bruce (2009). 9136:(2nd ed.). Brill. 8917:Olawuyi, Toyib (2014). 8389:Sanders, Paula (1994). 8358:The faith of Shia Islam 7701:Oxford University Press 7007:("Believing Youth") or 7003:, known by the name of 6956:in 893–897 CE, and the 6896:, ruled in the western 6737:under the rule of Imam 6628:Contemporary leadership 6534:Al-Amir bi-Ahkami l-Lah 5975:Islamic jurisprudence ( 3931:dynasty in what is now 3474:(between 1868 and 1933) 3432:upon certain conditions 3411:ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm al-Ḥasanī 3409:, contains the tomb of 3322:. ʿAlī's rule over the 2906:'s birthday on 13th of 2896:'s birthday on 20th of 2871:, 40 days after Ashura. 2307:, who do not attribute 1488:. Later events such as 23261:Bosnia and Herzegovina 21242:Erzyan native religion 21091:Unitarian Universalism 20470:Native American Church 19216:Oneness Pentecostalism 18723:Persecution of Muslims 18621:List of former Muslims 17470:Succession to Muhammad 16772:Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu 16349:Hīdīyya (Hīd ibn Saif) 15842:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana 15337:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari 14998:Ahmad ibn Isa ibn Zayd 14993:Abu'l-Jarud al-Hamdani 14928:Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani 14888:Agha Zia ol Din Araghi 14873:Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi 14553:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri 14548:Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar 14307:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 14217:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 14212:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 14197:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi 14067:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani 14032:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati 13957:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 13307:"What is Shi'a Islam?" 13097:Ansariyan Publications 12906:Shia political thought 11738:Encyclopaedia of Islam 10944:Middle Eastern Studies 10157:. BBC Arabic Service. 9670:. 2010. Archived from 9281:پرتال جامع علوم انسانی 9229:Corbin 1993, pp. 45–51 9163:پرتال جامع علوم انسانی 9134:Encyclopaedia of Islam 8755:Dakake (2008), pp. 1–2 8242:Nasr, Sayyed Hossein. 7837:Shia political thought 7797:twelfth and final Imam 7779:would become known as 7474:Armajani, Jon (2020). 7424:Shia view of the Quran 7112: 7051:terrorist organization 7025:Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi 6818:descended from either 6742: 6726: 6725:, minted in 910–911 CE 6252: 6084:under the rule of the 5099:Shi'a Islam in Nigeria 5039:Shi'a Islam in Lebanon 4833:12,300,000–18,500,000 4521: 4513: 4310:Initial dependence of 4280: 4194:, founded the city of 4122: 4086: 3979:(990–1096 CE): a Shia 3912:List of Shia dynasties 3863: 3854:both were tolerant of 3695: 3642:successors to Muhammad 3625: 3606: 3475: 3422: 3311: 3229: 3150:Supreme Leader of Iran 3022:Sanctuary of Imam Reza 3014:Sanctuary of Imām ʿAlī 2981: 2962:Sanctuary of Imam Reza 2824:or pilgrimage to Mecca 2753: 2497: 2377:) and the messengers ( 2082: 1982: 1971:Sanctuary of Imām ʿAlī 1948:Succession to Muhammad 1806:as the Quranic verses 928:Succession to Muhammad 506:Khadija bint Khuwaylid 93:Succession to Muhammad 23581:Saint Kitts and Nevis 22878:São Tomé and Príncipe 22738:Republic of the Congo 20939:Aboriginal Australian 19568:Chinese folk religion 18507:Conversion to mosques 18374:Alchemy and chemistry 17041:Wallace Fard Muhammad 15993:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya 15500:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi 15249:Early Muslim scholars 15057:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq 14327:Rahmatullah Kairanawi 14077:Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi 13987:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi 13185:Moosa, Matti (1988). 13011:. Markus Wiener Pub. 12904:Vaezi, Ahmad (2004). 12600:Anti-Shiism Discourse 12168:Brookings Institution 11484:Population Statistics 11053:. 22 September 2003. 10851:. Taqwa Media. 2012. 9091:on 6 September 2015. 8661:Litvak, Meir (2017). 7921:. americandruze.com. 7835:Vaezi, Ahmad (2004). 7799:in the ninth century. 7714:10.1093/jaarel/lfv029 7332:History of Shia Islam 7212:, the Shia shrine in 7083: 7074:Further information: 6840:Islamic jurisprudence 6748:, otherwise known as 6732: 6713: 6530:At-Tayyib Abi l-Qasim 6472:ethno-religious group 6461:Al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh 6416:eschatological figure 6359:List of Ismaili imams 6239: 6152:, otherwise known as 5849:five pillars of Islam 5814:Jaʽfari jurisprudence 5805:Further information: 5801:Ja'fari jurisprudence 5785:Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi 5741:Further information: 5496:Jaʽfari jurisprudence 5472:Further information: 5168:Shi'a Islam in Kuwait 4894:Shi'a Islam in Turkey 4800:19,000,000–24,000,000 4735:66,000,000–69,500,000 4519: 4483: 4285:history of Shia Islam 4271:in 1508. In 1533 the 4230: 4204:Greek slave by origin 4158:Abu Abdallah al-Shiʻi 4103:al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh 4097: 4073: 3846: 3835:History of Shia Islam 3833:Further information: 3743:, and Muttaqi in his 3664:Fatima Masumeh Shrine 3662: 3612: 3576: 3519:Shrine of Imam Ḥusayn 3462: 3450:Ja'da bint al-Ash'ath 3397: 3306: 3246:origins of Shia Islam 3211: 3172:History of Shia Islam 3018:Shrine of Imam Ḥusayn 2960: 2743:Shrine of Imam Ḥusayn 2736: 2612:. In particular, the 2565:At-Tayyib Abi l-Qasim 2549:Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi 2506:eschatological belief 2472: 2455:Further information: 2403:successor of Muhammad 2324:verse of purification 2044: 2033:Profession of faith ( 1961: 1952:Further information: 1503:in the Muslim world, 1474:the bloodline of 'Ali 1390:event of Ghadir Khumm 599:Shia Islam portal 225:Verse of purification 72:Beliefs and practices 32:Shia (disambiguation) 23203:United Arab Emirates 21989:Religious experience 21363:Historical religions 20323:Four Mothers Society 19725:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương 19057:Schwenkfelder Church 18233:Ma malakat aymanukum 17808:Association football 17707:Moderate Kharijites 16687:‘Ulyanīyya/'Alyaīyya 16482:Al-Harith ibn Surayj 15672:Theology of Twelvers 15517:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 15064:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal 14863:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 14262:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi 14252:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni 14237:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani 14057:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami 14022:Taqi al-Din al-Subki 14012:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi 14007:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 13982:Abu al-Walid al-Baji 13653:United Arab Emirates 13168:The Sunnis and Shias 13115:Nasr, Seyyed Hossein 13007:Halm, Heinz (2007). 12605:University of Tehran 12162:. Washington, D.C.: 11991:. pp. 485–512. 11973:Upal, Muhammad Afzal 11811:. pp. 233–251. 11664:muslimphilosophy.com 11183:. pp. 724–742. 9878:. 11 December 2006. 9057:Encyclopædia Iranica 9011:, Vol. 10, p. tid738 8692:"Shiʽa and the Jews" 8215:Corbin (1993), p. 48 7763:not only designated 7384:List of Shia Muslims 7248:persecution of Shias 7237:Malaysian government 7117:Shia–Sunnī relations 7107:and a descendant of 7070:Shia–Sunni relations 6735:Zaydī State of Yemen 6121:against the will of 5989:, it is the duty of 5304:United Arab Emirates 4898:6,000,000–9,000,000 4863:7,000,000–8,000,000 4433:in 1514 was a major 4261:Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān 4105:(985–1021), the 6th 4052:promoted Shia Islam. 4023:, in territories in 4015:'s campaigns in the 3958:Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi 3956:. It was founded by 3866:In Shia Islam, Imam 3749:ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 3723:. For instance, the 3324:early Islamic empire 3308:Great Mosque of Kufa 3284:ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 3196:Origin of Shia Islam 3050:Great Mosque of Kufa 2835:Mourning of Muharram 2696:in the house of the 1923:, the family of the 1875:improve this section 1864:to meet Knowledge's 1826:, and the family of 1432:, who was appointed 1345:(656–661 CE) as his 1334:. It holds that the 967:Association football 521:Umm Kulthum bint Ali 200:Mourning of Muharram 130:Mourning of Muharram 23596:Trinidad and Tobago 23491:Antigua and Barbuda 22659:Religion by country 21715:Cult of Magna Mater 20195:Philippine Dayawism 19776:Nimbarka Sampradaya 19524:Chinese Manichaeism 19196:Jehovah's Witnesses 19001:Proto-Protestantism 16921:Ghulam Ahmed Pervez 16663:Abū Mānsūr al-ʿIjlī 16635:ʿIjlīyya/Umayrīyya 16433:Abū Sawbān al-Murjī 16095:An-Nafs Az-Zakiyyah 15402:Other Salafi trends 15231:Musta'li Isma'ilism 15147:Eʿteqādātal-Emāmīya 14538:Ja'far ibn Mūbassīr 14302:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 13952:Zakariyya al-Ansari 12664:. Westport, Conn.: 12658:Cornell, Vincent J. 12376:Columbia University 12366:Plagued by the West 12364:Al-e Ahmad, Jalal. 12323:Nasr, Vali (2006). 12068:10.3390/rel10080483 11031:on 27 December 2006 10928:, pp. 250–251. 10039:Library of Congress 9953:US State Department 9898:National Geographic 9802:Pew Research Center 9749:Pew Research Center 9599:, pp. 130, 191 9342:on 19 October 2006. 9313:on 23 February 2007 9113:. 13 January 2015. 8528:Central Asia/Russia 8475:Wall Street Journal 7759:For Shiʿi Muslims, 7637:. 2 February 2007. 7256:genocide of Yazidis 7223:During the rule of 7186:otherworldly reward 7119:has often involved 7005:Shabab al-Mu'mineen 6982:Sunnī jurisprudence 6916:) in 864 CE by the 6770:population of Yemen 6410:After the death of 5743:Occultation (Islam) 5694:Ash-Sharif Ar-Radhi 5017:Majority following 4934:4,575,000–5,590,000 4929:Islam in Azerbaijan 4907:Majority following 4872:Majority following 4859:Shia Islam in Yemen 4795:Shi'a Islam in Iraq 4693: 4682:Pew Research Center 4603:of Medina, and the 4455:Battle of Chaldiran 4431:Battle of Chaldiran 4411:The declaration of 4269:ʿAbdul Qādir Gīlānī 3870:is regarded as the 3825:Occultation (Islam) 3417:and a companion of 3340:Battle of the Camel 3212:The investiture of 3140:(jurists), such as 3024:in Mashhad and the 2614:Hadith of the Cloak 2447:Occultation (Islam) 2357:) to the prophets ( 2051:Mosque of Ibn Tulun 1917:) should hail from 1557:Indian subcontinent 728:Profession of Faith 701:Day of Resurrection 536:Ruqayya bint Husayn 443:Extinct Shi'a sects 163:Days of remembrance 150:Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage 145:The Four Companions 23531:Dominican Republic 22577:Abrahamic prophets 21666:Proto-Indo-Iranian 20168:Aliran Kepercayaan 19371:Non-denominational 19293:Modernist Salafism 18979:Oriental Orthodoxy 18728:Quran and miracles 18642:Criticism of Islam 18346:Geometric patterns 18198:Gender segregation 17769:Non-denominational 17220:Other scholars of 17111:Islamic modernists 17085:Modernist Salafism 16736:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar 16695:Abdullah ibn Saba' 16630:Muʿāmmar ibn Ahmar 16515:Ibrāhim ibn Yousūf 16503:Mūsā ibn Abū Kasīr 16494:Muhārīb ibn Dithār 16425:Abū Muāz at-Tūmanī 15747:Astarabadi (Naimi) 15477:Abdullah al-Harari 15431:Muhammad bin Dawud 15364:Syed Nazeer Husain 15099:Tabsirat al-Adilla 15013:Al-Mansur al-Qasim 14848:Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid 14695:Syed Nazeer Husain 14618:Salafi Theologians 14370:Al-Ja'd ibn Dirham 14342:Muhammad Abu Zahra 14127:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan 13977:Abdul Qadir Gilani 13286:Harvard University 13151:. Overlook Press. 12666:Praeger Publishers 12627: • 12610: • 12473:. globalpost.com. 12346:Dictionary of Wars 12305:on 26 January 2007 12287:on 13 August 2009. 12235:on 29 October 2019 12100:Arab Law Quarterly 11947:. 7 October 2015. 11925:. 7 October 2015. 11809:Palgrave Macmillan 11460:on 27 January 2007 10897:"اخوانی گوشه‌نشین" 10423:The World Factbook 10125:The World Factbook 9811:on 13 January 2010 9752:. 7 October 2009. 9668:The World Factbook 9631:. 7 October 2009. 9571:Francis Robinson, 9238:Nasr (1979), p. 15 9215:عسکری, سید مرتضی. 9190:Nasr (1979), p. 10 8812:Newman, Andrew J. 8782:Francis Robinson, 8618:on 2 January 2017. 8139:Francis Robinson, 7987:"Shiʻite Doctrine" 7945:"Ijtihad in Islam" 7369:List of Shia books 7113: 7105:Twelver Shia Islam 7054:ISIL/ISIS/IS/Daesh 6743: 6727: 6652:Al-Hurra Al-Malika 6540:) and appointed a 6508:split between the 6506:Musta‘lī Ismāʿīlīs 6468:Abrahamic religion 6444:("Missionaries"). 6412:Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar 6333:(primarily in the 6253: 6158:Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar 6110:(1905–1911), when 6062:Muslim Brotherhood 5995:Islamic literature 5622:is one and unique; 5593:(65% of Muslims). 5486:, followed by the 4691: 4629:in Indonesia (see 4524:Shia Islam is the 4522: 4514: 4338:The growth of the 4281: 4123: 4087: 3941:(899–1077 CE): an 3864: 3785:esoteric knowledge 3725:hadith collections 3696: 3686:, the 7th and 8th 3678:, the daughter of 3626: 3607: 3476: 3466:, painting by the 3423: 3413:, a descendant of 3330:, the first major 3312: 3276:ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 3261:, has ʿAlī as his 3234:ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 3230: 3214:ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 3146:Ayatollah Khomeini 3117:People of the Book 2982: 2754: 2559:and Fatimid/Bohra/ 2498: 2399:ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 2083: 1995:ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 1983: 1804:Abrahamic prophets 1768:ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 1751:European languages 356:Atba-i-Malak Bohra 283:Branches and sects 230:Two weighty things 23801: 23800: 23769: 23768: 23765: 23764: 22753:Equatorial Guinea 22649: 22648: 22645: 22644: 22183:Cognitive science 21802: 21801: 21735:Mysteries of Isis 21509:Frankish paganism 21352: 21351: 21348: 21347: 21344: 21343: 21096:White Brotherhood 20962: 20961: 20927: 20926: 20328:Keetoowah Society 20229:Sundanese Wiwitan 20046: 20045: 20042: 20041: 19771:Brahma Sampradaya 19733: 19732: 19536: 19535: 19532: 19531: 19514:Assianism/Uatsdin 19432: 19431: 19201:British Israelism 19187:Nontrinitarianism 19150:Plymouth Brethren 19145:Nondenominational 19079:Congregationalism 18967:Eastern Orthodoxy 18915:Reconstructionist 18779: 18778: 18745: 18744: 18741: 18740: 18713:Domestic violence 18703:Islamic terrorism 18698:Islamic extremism 18519: 18518: 18515: 18514: 18287: 18286: 18283: 18282: 18073:Marriage contract 17903: 17902: 17863:Political aspects 17592:Story of Prophets 17361:Prophets of Islam 17264: 17263: 17260: 17259: 17256: 17255: 17212: 17211: 17021:Muhammad Jaunpuri 16948: 16947: 16874:Sumāma ibn Ashras 16705: 16704: 16556:Dāwūd al-Jawāribî 16531: 16530: 16401:Gaylān ibn Marwān 16298: 16297: 16150: 16149: 15813:Abdallah al-Aftah 15629: 15628: 15542: 15541: 15526:Necmettin Erbakan 15368:Siddiq Hasan Khan 15332:Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la 15266: 15265: 15262: 15261: 15240: 15239: 15180:Tajrid al-I'tiqad 15174:Tashih al-I'tiqad 15085:Al-Sawad al-A'zam 15021: 15020: 15003:Al-Qasim al-Rassi 14970:Idris Imad al-Din 14923:Al-Qadi al-Nu'man 14898:Ruhollah Khomeini 14878:Zurarah ibn A'yan 14853:Sharif al-Murtaza 14841:Muhammad al-Mahdi 14826:Muhammad al-Jawad 14806:Muhammad al-Baqir 14707:Siddiq Hasan Khan 14683:Rabee al-Madkhali 14332:Murtada al-Zabidi 14107:Ibrahim al-Bajuri 13873: 13872: 13680: 13679: 13196:978-0-8156-2411-0 13177:978-1-4254-7916-9 13158:978-1-58567-896-9 13141:Rogerson, Barnaby 13132:978-0-88706-843-0 13106:978-964-438-320-5 13078:978-0-300-03499-8 13056:978-3-643-80049-7 13037:978-1-86064-434-4 13018:978-1-55876-437-8 12999:978-0-7486-1888-0 12977:978-0-674-06428-7 12951:978-1-906497-51-4 12915:978-1-904934-01-1 12896:978-0-87395-390-0 12877:978-0-87395-272-9 12855:978-1-86064-780-2 12842:Shah-Kazemi, Reza 12829:978-0-19-511915-2 12807:978-0-521-77933-3 12785:978-0-521-29136-1 12759:978-0-7914-7033-6 12740:978-0-7103-0416-2 12716:978-0-02-865604-5 12675:978-0-275-98732-9 12548:SAGE Publications 12333:978-0-393-06211-3 12209:978-0-8261-2857-7 12008:978-90-04-43554-4 11969:Cusack, Carole M. 11826:978-3-030-35578-4 11805:Cham, Switzerland 11718:978-1-86064-321-7 11627:978-0-7661-3704-2 11600:978-0-691-10099-9 11516:on 23 April 2005. 11435:978-0-7486-0687-0 11407:978-1-135-98079-5 11353:978-1-906999-25-4 11328:978-1-78831-559-3 11200:978-90-04-43554-4 11161:Cusack, Carole M. 11087:978-0-7486-0687-0 10858:978-1-939420-00-8 10815:Iran: the Culture 10794:. 25 March 2011. 10775:978-0-19-515713-0 10734:978-0-19-515713-0 10705:978-0-19-515713-0 10661:978-0-8108-7965-2 10622:978-0-7486-7833-4 10374:978-0-313-31333-2 10335:978-3-89958-406-6 10246:978-1-4379-4439-6 10041:. February 2005. 10010:978-0-7007-1606-7 9907:978-1-4262-0221-6 9546:978-0-521-29163-7 9499:978-0-8160-6259-1 9455:978-0-415-05914-5 9427:978-0-521-26645-1 9393:978-0-15-501197-7 9364:978-0-393-91847-2 9262:978-0-02-865604-5 9169:on 28 August 2021 8930:978-1-4928-5884-3 8842:978-0-19-515713-0 8801:978-0-19-579387-1 8672:978-1-138-21322-7 8532:Asia Times Online 8446:. 18 March 2017. 8342:978-0-9914308-6-4 8300:978-1-59257-222-9 8254:978-0-88706-843-0 8232:on 17 April 2014. 8091:. 9 December 2010 8046:978-0-19-515713-0 7947:. AlQazwini.org. 7919:"Druze and Islam" 7904:978-0-02-865603-8 7846:978-1-904934-01-1 7703:on behalf of the 7561:978-1-4411-4645-8 7538:, Vol. 10, p. 738 7510:978-1-7936-2136-8 7485:978-1-7936-2136-8 7414:Shia Rights Watch 7280:Shia Islam portal 7206:First Saudi State 6625: 6624: 6453:Fatimid Caliphate 6211:deeds and sayings 6100:Muhammad al-Mahdi 6064:and mysticism of 5888:: justice of God; 5712:Wasa'il al-Shiʻah 5508:Shīʿīte clergymen 5459: 5458: 5138:Islam in Tanzania 4484:Islam by country 4463:killed each other 4259:, the Sunnī Imam 4245:official religion 4162:Fatimid Caliphate 4090:Fatimid Caliphate 4076:Fatimid Caliphate 4017:Khwarezmid Empire 3966:(934–1055 CE): a 3918:Battle of Karbala 3821:Muhammad al-Mahdi 3793:divine revelation 3766:Battle of Karbala 3710:hadith literature 3706:Shia–Sunnī divide 3584:Fatimid depiction 3536:Battle of Karbala 3464:Battle of Karbala 3390:Battle of Karbala 3200:Ali ibn Abi Taleb 3125:Armenians in Iran 2918:Muhammad al-Mahdi 2557:Ṭayyibi Ismāʿīlīs 2545:12th Shīʿīte Imam 2486:12th Shīʿīte Imam 2461:Minor Occultation 2457:Major Occultation 2430:al-insan al-kamil 2427: 2391: 2371: 2351: 2274: 2262: 2226: 2205: 2184: 2144: 2125: 2015: 1903: 1902: 1895: 1866:quality standards 1857:This section may 1565:governance system 1494:Battle of Karbala 1492:martyrdom in the 1476:and his two sons 1471: 1410: 1387: 1363: 1343:Ali ibn Abi Talib 1298: 1297: 1228:Deobandi jihadism 633: 632: 566:Fatimah bint Asad 531:Fatima bint Hasan 260:Battle of Karbala 16:(Redirected from 23821: 23791: 23781: 23780: 23659:Papua New Guinea 23634:Marshall Islands 23461:Northern Ireland 22666: 22665: 22655: 22654: 22539:Secular theology 22534:Secular humanism 21819: 21818: 21808: 21807: 21683:Ancestral Pueblo 21358: 21357: 20977: 20976: 20654: 20653: 20057: 20056: 19813:Shaiva Siddhanta 19744: 19743: 19677:Korean shamanism 19556: 19555: 19547: 19546: 19443: 19442: 19356:Mahdawi movement 19226:Swedenborgianism 19206:Christadelphians 18852: 18851: 18843: 18842: 18834: 18833: 18821: 18820: 18806: 18799: 18792: 18783: 18782: 18769: 18768: 18761:Islam portal 18759: 18758: 18757: 18539: 18538: 18531: 18525: 18524: 18366:Medieval science 18309: 18308: 18299: 18293: 18292: 17950:Economic history 17933: 17932: 17909: 17908: 17895:Islam by country 17680:Bektashi Alevism 17318: 17317: 17309:Outline of Islam 17291: 17284: 17277: 17268: 17267: 16963: 16962: 16724: 16723: 16542: 16541: 16518:Nusayr ibn Yahyā 16500:Awn ibn Abdullāh 16487:Sa'id ibn Jubayr 16457:Ubayd al-Mūktaib 16323: 16322: 16167: 16166: 16136:ʿAjlan ibn Nawus 16105:Maḥmūd Pasīkhānī 16074:Khashabiyya Shia 16010:Bayān ibn Sam‘ān 15968:Abū ʿAmra Kaysān 15751:Imadaddin Nasimi 15656: 15655: 15553: 15552: 15424:Salafi Modernism 15327:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 15294: 15293: 15285: 15284: 15272: 15271: 15168:Awail Al Maqalat 15050:Al-Baz al-Ashhab 15030: 15029: 14960:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa 14915:Isma'ili Shi'ism 14903:Wilayat al-faqih 14883:Hisham ibn Hakam 14868:Allamah Al-Hilli 14092:Muhammad Mayyara 13884: 13883: 13754: 13753: 13747: 13746: 13722: 13721: 13714:Islamic theology 13707: 13700: 13693: 13684: 13683: 13408: 13401: 13394: 13385: 13384: 13380: 13378: 13376: 13355: 13353: 13351: 13334: 13332: 13330: 13325:on 31 March 2022 13301: 13299: 13297: 13261: 13220: 13200: 13181: 13162: 13150: 13136: 13110: 13082: 13060: 13041: 13022: 13003: 12981: 12955: 12927: 12900: 12881: 12859: 12838:Sobhani, Ja'afar 12833: 12811: 12789: 12763: 12744: 12720: 12697: 12695: 12693: 12679: 12643: 12642: 12625: 12608: 12594: 12588: 12587: 12569: 12559: 12529: 12523: 12522: 12520: 12518: 12512: 12501: 12493: 12487: 12486: 12484: 12482: 12467: 12461: 12460: 12458: 12456: 12440: 12434: 12433: 12431: 12429: 12407: 12401: 12400: 12399:on 21 July 2011. 12395:. 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Archived from 12277: 12271: 12270: 12268: 12266: 12251: 12245: 12244: 12242: 12240: 12220: 12214: 12213: 12193: 12187: 12186: 12184: 12182: 12176: 12153: 12144: 12135: 12134: 12124: 12113:Brill Publishers 12090: 12081: 12080: 12070: 12032: 12021: 12020: 12000: 11989:Brill Publishers 11964: 11953: 11952: 11937: 11931: 11930: 11915: 11909: 11908: 11906: 11904: 11889: 11883: 11882: 11880: 11878: 11863:Washington, D.C. 11850: 11839: 11838: 11792: 11781: 11780: 11778: 11776: 11761: 11755: 11748: 11742: 11741: 11729: 11723: 11722: 11704: 11698: 11691: 11685: 11678: 11672: 11671: 11656: 11650: 11649: 11638: 11632: 11631: 11611: 11605: 11604: 11588: 11578: 11572: 11571: 11556: 11550: 11549: 11539: 11533: 11532: 11529:Venture of Islam 11524: 11518: 11517: 11506: 11500: 11499: 11497: 11495: 11476: 11470: 11469: 11467: 11465: 11454:Yemeni in Canada 11446: 11440: 11439: 11421: 11415: 11414: 11393: 11387: 11386: 11384: 11382: 11367: 11361: 11360: 11339: 11333: 11332: 11314: 11308: 11307: 11305: 11303: 11288: 11282: 11281: 11226:by Heinz Halm". 11219: 11213: 11212: 11192: 11181:Brill Publishers 11156: 11139: 11138: 11098: 11092: 11091: 11073: 11067: 11066: 11064: 11062: 11047: 11041: 11040: 11038: 11036: 11027:. Archived from 11021: 11015: 11012:The Shia Revival 11008: 11002: 11001: 10999: 10997: 10982: 10976: 10975: 10935: 10929: 10923: 10917: 10916: 10914: 10912: 10893: 10887: 10881: 10875: 10869: 10863: 10862: 10845: 10839: 10836: 10830: 10829: 10809: 10800: 10799: 10784: 10778: 10767: 10761: 10760: 10758: 10751: 10743: 10737: 10726: 10720: 10714: 10708: 10695:Esposito, John. 10693: 10687: 10681: 10675: 10672: 10666: 10665: 10645: 10639: 10638: 10636: 10634: 10602: 10596: 10595: 10587: 10581: 10574: 10568: 10567: 10556: 10550: 10549: 10541: 10535: 10534: 10526: 10517: 10516: 10509: 10503: 10502: 10494: 10488: 10487: 10467: 10458: 10457: 10452:Umutlu, Ayseba. 10449: 10443: 10442: 10434: 10428: 10427: 10414: 10408: 10407: 10405: 10403: 10385: 10379: 10378: 10358: 10352: 10351: 10349: 10347: 10319: 10313: 10312: 10292: 10286: 10285: 10269: 10263: 10262: 10260: 10258: 10230: 10224: 10223: 10204: 10198: 10197: 10195: 10193: 10177: 10171: 10170: 10168: 10166: 10150: 10144: 10143: 10138: 10136: 10110: 10104: 10103: 10096: 10094: 10088: 10077: 10069: 10063: 10062: 10055: 10053: 10047: 10029: 10021: 10015: 10014: 9994: 9988: 9987: 9985: 9972: 9964: 9958: 9957: 9944: 9938: 9937: 9935: 9933: 9918: 9912: 9911: 9890: 9884: 9883: 9868: 9862: 9861: 9859: 9857: 9842: 9833: 9827: 9821: 9820: 9818: 9816: 9810: 9804:. Archived from 9799: 9788: 9769: 9768: 9763: 9761: 9740: 9715: 9714: 9709: 9707: 9693: 9687: 9686: 9681: 9679: 9654: 9648: 9647: 9642: 9640: 9625: 9614: 9613: 9606: 9600: 9594: 9588: 9582: 9576: 9569: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9558: 9530: 9524: 9523: 9521: 9519: 9473: 9464: 9463: 9441: 9435: 9434: 9407: 9401: 9400: 9375: 9369: 9368: 9350: 9344: 9343: 9335:Bahmanid Dynasty 9329: 9323: 9322: 9320: 9318: 9303: 9297: 9296: 9294: 9292: 9287:on 12 April 2020 9273: 9267: 9266: 9248: 9239: 9236: 9230: 9227: 9221: 9220: 9212: 9206: 9200: 9191: 9188: 9179: 9178: 9176: 9174: 9155: 9146: 9145: 9125: 9119: 9118: 9103: 9097: 9096: 9094:these two swords 9078: 9072: 9069: 9063: 9062: 9050: 9044: 9043: 9036: 9030: 9029: 9018: 9012: 9001: 8995: 8994: 8992: 8990: 8985:. 4 January 2016 8975: 8969: 8968: 8966: 8964: 8945: 8939: 8938: 8914: 8908: 8907: 8880: 8871: 8870: 8868: 8866: 8851: 8845: 8834: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8809: 8803: 8793: 8787: 8780: 8774: 8771: 8765: 8762: 8756: 8753: 8747: 8744: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8714: 8708: 8707: 8706: 8704: 8694: 8686: 8677: 8676: 8658: 8649: 8648: 8647: 8645: 8629: 8620: 8619: 8614:. Archived from 8595: 8589: 8588: 8568: 8562: 8561: 8555: 8547: 8541: 8539: 8519: 8513: 8512: 8511:. 20 April 2003. 8505: 8499: 8498: 8496: 8494: 8466: 8460: 8459: 8457: 8455: 8440: 8434: 8433: 8413: 8407: 8406: 8386: 8380: 8379: 8368: 8362: 8361: 8353: 8347: 8346: 8328: 8315: 8309: 8303: 8288: 8282: 8281: 8279: 8277: 8262: 8256: 8240: 8234: 8233: 8222: 8216: 8213: 8207: 8204: 8198: 8192: 8186: 8180: 8174: 8173: 8171: 8169: 8150: 8144: 8137: 8131: 8130: 8113:Dabashi (2006). 8110: 8101: 8100: 8098: 8096: 8081: 8075: 8074: 8072: 8070: 8055: 8049: 8038: 8027: 8016: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7998: 7982: 7973: 7967: 7961: 7960: 7958: 7956: 7941: 7935: 7934: 7932: 7930: 7915: 7909: 7908: 7890: 7871: 7865: 7859: 7858: 7832: 7826: 7820: 7814: 7808: 7802: 7801: 7773:Muslim community 7716: 7682: 7663: 7657: 7651: 7650: 7648: 7646: 7619: 7613: 7587: 7581: 7580: 7572: 7566: 7565: 7545: 7539: 7528: 7515: 7514: 7496: 7490: 7489: 7471: 7454: 7446: 7419:Shia view of Ali 7310: 7305: 7304: 7296: 7291: 7290: 7289: 7282: 7277: 7276: 7192:." In 1802, the 7182:Jalal Al-e-Ahmad 6887: 6886: 6853: 6686:Sulaymani Bohras 6563: 6522:Sulaymani Bohras 6489:(the older) and 6257:Nizārī community 6249:Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs 6170:6th Shīʿīte Imam 6119:Ahmad Shah Qajar 6090:Hadi Khosroshahi 6055: 6046:Islamist Shīʿīsm 5993:to refer to the 5985:is currently in 5929:(pilgrimage) to 5761:Muslim community 5723:The Twelve Imams 5717:al-Hurr al-Amili 5571:6th Shīʿīte Imam 5555:the Twelve Imams 5539:Ithnāʿashariyyah 5504:6th Shīʿīte Imam 5455:and 45% Sunni). 5431: 5430: 5401: 5400: 5371: 5370: 5332: 5331: 5302: 5301: 5279:Islam in Germany 5272: 5271: 5238: 5237: 5211:Islam in Bahrain 5204: 5203: 5172:500,000–700,000 5161: 5160: 5131: 5130: 5092: 5091: 5063: 5062: 5032: 5031: 4997: 4996: 4958: 4957: 4922: 4921: 4887: 4886: 4852: 4851: 4822: 4821: 4788: 4787: 4757: 4756: 4723: 4722: 4694: 4690: 4648:centered around 4646:Shīʿīte movement 4597:Eastern Province 4578:, and 10–19% of 4509: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4476:Islam by country 4450: 4427: 4408: 4305:Mongol conquests 4181: 4177: 4109:caliph and 16th 4084: 4081: 3927:(788–985 CE): a 3850:and his brother 3721:history of Islam 3646:esoteric meaning 3511: 3502: 3441:Amir al-Mu'minin 3419:Muhammad al-Taqī 3356:Battle of Siffin 3268:Amir al-Mu'minin 3056:in Qom, and the 3038:Al-Askari Mosque 3030:Kadhimiya Mosque 3020:in Karbala, The 2996:, the cities of 2888:6th Shīʿīte Imam 2661:6th Shīʿīte Imam 2592:, including the 2581:Hadith tradition 2538:Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs 2510:messianic figure 2432: 2422: 2420: 2407:Muslim community 2396: 2386: 2384: 2376: 2366: 2364: 2356: 2346: 2344: 2269: 2267: 2257: 2255: 2221: 2219: 2200: 2198: 2179: 2177: 2139: 2137: 2128:Ali-un-Waliullah 2120: 2118: 2098: 2070: 2069: 2063:Ali-un-Waliullah 2020: 2010: 2008: 1989:is appointed by 1954:Ali in the Quran 1944:Shia view of Ali 1911:Muslim community 1898: 1891: 1887: 1884: 1878: 1852: 1851: 1844: 1822:, the family of 1800:history of Islam 1764:Muslim community 1761: 1744: 1743: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1699: 1694: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1664: 1663: 1660: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1629: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1606: 1594: 1586: 1580: 1490:Husayn ibn Ali's 1486:Muslim community 1466: 1464: 1415: 1405: 1403: 1382: 1380: 1368: 1358: 1356: 1325: 1324: 1321: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1290: 1283: 1276: 1262:Islam portal 1260: 1259: 1258: 658: 635: 634: 625: 618: 611: 597: 596: 576:Ruqayya bint Ali 551:Fatima bint Musa 65: 56: 50: 49: 39: 38: 21: 23829: 23828: 23824: 23823: 23822: 23820: 23819: 23818: 23804: 23803: 23802: 23797: 23761: 23688: 23669:Solomon Islands 23605: 23477: 23381:North Macedonia 23222: 22947: 22660: 22641: 22602:Mass gatherings 22570: 22565: 22558: 22497: 22492: 22483: 22417:Religiocentrism 22397:National church 22265: 22262: 22254: 22169: 22162: 22099: 22021:Bodies of water 21813: 21798: 21583:Jamaican Maroon 21365: 21340: 21277: 21107: 21100: 20971: 20969: 20958: 20923: 20897:Trinidad Orisha 20682: 20675: 20648: 20641: 20568: 20531: 20517:Washat Dreamers 20240: 20233: 20129: 20111: 20038: 20012:Srilankan Vedda 19963: 19891: 19766:Sri Vaishnavism 19729: 19691: 19663: 19621: 19528: 19502: 19469: 19428: 19382: 19307:Twelver Shi'ism 19249: 19111:Neo-charismatic 19084:Presbyterianism 18936: 18828: 18815: 18810: 18780: 18775: 18755: 18753: 18737: 18659:Cultural Muslim 18630: 18597: 18543:Other religions 18533: 18529: 18511: 18446: 18413: 18360: 18303: 18301:Islamic studies 18297: 18279: 18113: 18058: 18035: 17982: 17927: 17926: 17899: 17848:Moral teachings 17791: 17773: 17747:Nation of Islam 17660:Twelver Shi'ism 17597: 17563:Religious texts 17557: 17475:Early conquests 17458: 17440: 17392: 17312: 17301: 17295: 17265: 17252: 17208: 17165: 17136:Ahmed Raza Khan 17117: 17071: 17061:Fethullah Gülen 17036:Nation of Islam 16957: 16954: 16944: 16887: 16864:Ahmad ibn Hābīt 16792: 16784: 16717: 16713: 16701: 16622:Bāzīgh ibn Mūsā 16592: 16527: 16512:Hālaf ibn Ayyūb 16470: 16387: 16316: 16313: 16310: 16306: 16294: 16245: 16158: 16146: 16080: 15954: 15947: 15915:Hassan-i Sabbah 15798: 15790: 15662: 15649: 15645: 15641: 15637: 15625: 15590:Hasan al-Utrush 15538: 15504:Ahmed Raza Khan 15450: 15442: 15349:Dawud al-Zahiri 15300: 15279: 15258: 15236: 15185: 15132: 15092:Kitab al-Tawhid 15017: 14979: 14909: 14836:Hasan al-Askari 14811:Ja'far al-Sadiq 14773:Twelver Shi'ism 14767: 14739:Salafi Jihadism 14734:Osama bin Laden 14717:Safar Al-Hawali 14678:Saleh Al-Fawzan 14612: 14582: 14575:Sahib ibn Abbad 14570:Ibn Abi'l-Hadid 14535:Ja'far ibn Harb 14500:Wasil ibn 'Ata' 14497: 14489: 14457: 14418:ī (Muqātilīyya) 14398: 14356: 14312:Shah Abdul Aziz 14185: 14177: 14131: 14117:Ahmad al-Dardir 14002:Ahmad al-Rifa'i 13890: 13869: 13841: 13813: 13780: 13741: 13740: 13716: 13711: 13681: 13676: 13415: 13412: 13374: 13372: 13349: 13347: 13328: 13326: 13295: 13293: 13272: 13269: 13264: 13242:10.3751/74.2.14 13197: 13178: 13159: 13133: 13107: 13079: 13057: 13038: 13019: 13000: 12978: 12952: 12935: 12933:Further reading 12930: 12916: 12897: 12878: 12856: 12830: 12808: 12786: 12760: 12741: 12717: 12705:. Vol. 1: 12691: 12689: 12682: 12676: 12662:Voices of Islam 12652: 12647: 12646: 12626: 12609: 12595: 12591: 12530: 12526: 12516: 12514: 12510: 12499: 12495: 12494: 12490: 12480: 12478: 12469: 12468: 12464: 12454: 12452: 12441: 12437: 12427: 12425: 12408: 12404: 12387: 12386: 12382: 12363: 12359: 12343: 12339: 12322: 12318: 12308: 12306: 12297: 12296: 12292: 12279: 12278: 12274: 12264: 12262: 12261:on 4 April 2011 12253: 12252: 12248: 12238: 12236: 12221: 12217: 12210: 12194: 12190: 12180: 12178: 12174: 12151: 12145: 12138: 12091: 12084: 12033: 12024: 12009: 11965: 11956: 11939: 11938: 11934: 11917: 11916: 11912: 11902: 11900: 11891: 11890: 11886: 11876: 11874: 11851: 11842: 11827: 11793: 11784: 11774: 11772: 11763: 11762: 11758: 11749: 11745: 11734:"al-Uk̲h̲ayḍir" 11730: 11726: 11719: 11705: 11701: 11692: 11688: 11679: 11675: 11658: 11657: 11653: 11640: 11639: 11635: 11628: 11612: 11608: 11601: 11579: 11575: 11558: 11557: 11553: 11540: 11536: 11525: 11521: 11508: 11507: 11503: 11493: 11491: 11478: 11477: 11473: 11463: 11461: 11448: 11447: 11443: 11436: 11422: 11418: 11408: 11394: 11390: 11380: 11378: 11377:. 8 August 2018 11369: 11368: 11364: 11354: 11340: 11336: 11329: 11315: 11311: 11301: 11299: 11290: 11289: 11285: 11220: 11216: 11201: 11157: 11142: 11107:Iranian Studies 11099: 11095: 11088: 11074: 11070: 11060: 11058: 11049: 11048: 11044: 11034: 11032: 11023: 11022: 11018: 11009: 11005: 10995: 10993: 10984: 10983: 10979: 10936: 10932: 10924: 10920: 10910: 10908: 10895: 10894: 10890: 10882: 10878: 10870: 10866: 10859: 10847: 10846: 10842: 10837: 10833: 10826: 10810: 10803: 10786: 10785: 10781: 10768: 10764: 10756: 10749: 10745: 10744: 10740: 10727: 10723: 10715: 10711: 10694: 10690: 10682: 10678: 10673: 10669: 10662: 10646: 10642: 10632: 10630: 10623: 10603: 10599: 10588: 10584: 10575: 10571: 10558: 10557: 10553: 10542: 10538: 10527: 10520: 10511: 10510: 10506: 10495: 10491: 10484: 10468: 10461: 10450: 10446: 10435: 10431: 10416: 10415: 10411: 10401: 10399: 10386: 10382: 10375: 10359: 10355: 10345: 10343: 10336: 10320: 10316: 10309: 10293: 10289: 10270: 10266: 10256: 10254: 10247: 10231: 10227: 10205: 10201: 10191: 10189: 10186:The Independent 10178: 10174: 10164: 10162: 10151: 10147: 10134: 10132: 10112: 10111: 10107: 10092: 10090: 10089:on 8 April 2014 10086: 10075: 10071: 10070: 10066: 10051: 10049: 10045: 10027: 10023: 10022: 10018: 10011: 9995: 9991: 9983: 9970: 9966: 9965: 9961: 9946: 9945: 9941: 9931: 9929: 9920: 9919: 9915: 9908: 9892: 9891: 9887: 9870: 9869: 9865: 9855: 9853: 9848:. Mafhoum.com. 9844: 9843: 9836: 9828: 9824: 9814: 9812: 9808: 9797: 9789: 9772: 9759: 9757: 9742: 9741: 9718: 9705: 9703: 9695: 9694: 9690: 9677: 9675: 9656: 9655: 9651: 9638: 9636: 9627: 9626: 9617: 9608: 9607: 9603: 9595: 9591: 9583: 9579: 9570: 9566: 9556: 9554: 9547: 9531: 9527: 9517: 9515: 9500: 9474: 9467: 9456: 9442: 9438: 9428: 9408: 9404: 9394: 9380:Gatzke, Hans W. 9376: 9372: 9365: 9351: 9347: 9330: 9326: 9316: 9314: 9305: 9304: 9300: 9290: 9288: 9275: 9274: 9270: 9263: 9249: 9242: 9237: 9233: 9228: 9224: 9213: 9209: 9201: 9194: 9189: 9182: 9172: 9170: 9157: 9156: 9149: 9126: 9122: 9105: 9104: 9100: 9079: 9075: 9070: 9066: 9051: 9047: 9038: 9037: 9033: 9020: 9019: 9015: 9002: 8998: 8988: 8986: 8977: 8976: 8972: 8962: 8960: 8953:www.alhewar.com 8947: 8946: 8942: 8931: 8915: 8911: 8881: 8874: 8864: 8862: 8853: 8852: 8848: 8835: 8831: 8821: 8819: 8810: 8806: 8794: 8790: 8781: 8777: 8772: 8768: 8763: 8759: 8754: 8750: 8745: 8741: 8731: 8729: 8716: 8715: 8711: 8702: 8700: 8687: 8680: 8673: 8659: 8652: 8643: 8641: 8630: 8623: 8612: 8596: 8592: 8585: 8569: 8565: 8549: 8548: 8537: 8535: 8520: 8516: 8507: 8506: 8502: 8492: 8490: 8467: 8463: 8453: 8451: 8442: 8441: 8437: 8430: 8414: 8410: 8403: 8387: 8383: 8370: 8369: 8365: 8354: 8350: 8343: 8329: 8318: 8310: 8306: 8289: 8285: 8275: 8273: 8264: 8263: 8259: 8241: 8237: 8224: 8223: 8219: 8214: 8210: 8205: 8201: 8193: 8189: 8181: 8177: 8167: 8165: 8152: 8151: 8147: 8138: 8134: 8127: 8111: 8104: 8094: 8092: 8083: 8082: 8078: 8068: 8066: 8057: 8056: 8052: 8039: 8030: 8017: 8006: 7996: 7994: 7983: 7976: 7968: 7964: 7954: 7952: 7943: 7942: 7938: 7928: 7926: 7917: 7916: 7912: 7905: 7891: 7874: 7866: 7862: 7847: 7833: 7829: 7821: 7817: 7809: 7805: 7777:his descendants 7683: 7666: 7660:Ṭabataba'i 1977 7658: 7654: 7644: 7642: 7621: 7620: 7616: 7588: 7584: 7573: 7569: 7562: 7546: 7542: 7529: 7518: 7511: 7497: 7493: 7486: 7472: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7457: 7447: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7308:Religion portal 7306: 7299: 7292: 7287: 7285: 7278: 7271: 7268: 7260:Second Iraq War 7246:organization's 7218:Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 7115:The history of 7078: 7072: 7064:Main articles: 7062: 7048:Salafi-jihadist 6997:Houthi movement 6884: 6872: 6851: 6836: 6824:Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 6798:Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 6778: 6708: 6702: 6630: 6552: 6361: 6355: 6166:Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 6147: 6141: 6112:Fazlullah Nouri 6058:Twelver Shīʿīsm 6043: 5991:Shīʿīte clerics 5809: 5803: 5797: 5753: 5739: 5727:Main articles: 5725: 5689:Nahj al-Balagha 5671:, which is the 5665: 5609:are as follow: 5603:five principles 5599: 5567:Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 5535:Twelver Shīʿīsm 5532: 5526: 5500:Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 5480: 5470: 5464: 5425: 5395: 5365: 5341: 5326: 5296: 5266: 5232: 5216:400,000–500,000 5198: 5155: 5125: 5118:Ibrahim Zakzaky 5086: 5057: 5026: 4991: 4952: 4916: 4881: 4846: 4816: 4782: 4751: 4717: 4678: 4582:'s population. 4507: 4503: 4500: 4497: 4491: 4488: 4485: 4478: 4472: 4465: 4451: 4442: 4428: 4419: 4413:Twelver Shīʿīsm 4409: 4361:Islamic prophet 4312:Shīʿīte clerics 4291:(1501–1736) in 4289:Safavid dynasty 4257:Abbasid caliphs 4225: 4219:Safavid dynasty 4217:Main articles: 4215: 4200:al-Azhar Mosque 4099:Al-Hakim Mosque 4092: 4082: 4003:established in 3993:(1256–1335): a 3914: 3908: 3888:Masih ad-Dajjal 3876:Day of Judgment 3841: 3831: 3815:Main articles: 3813: 3770:Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 3768:of ʿAlī's son, 3714:Islamic prophet 3692:Twelver Shīʿīsm 3571: 3565: 3560:Imamate of the 3528: 3527: 3526: 3525: 3514: 3513: 3512: 3504: 3503: 3479:Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 3472:Brooklyn Museum 3392: 3380:Main articles: 3378: 3354:. However, the 3206: 3194:Main articles: 3192: 3184:Louis Massignon 3174: 3168: 3129:Iranian economy 3101:Twelver Shi'ism 3097: 3054:Jamkaran Mosque 2955: 2949: 2934:Eid al-Mubahila 2898:Jumada al-Thani 2884:Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 2843:Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 2800: 2794: 2731: 2719: 2714: 2712:Other doctrines 2694:Ark of Covenant 2657:Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 2636: 2583: 2518:Twelver Shīʿīsm 2474:Jamkaran Mosque 2467: 2453: 2445:Main articles: 2443: 2265:'Iṣmah or 'Isma 2243: 2237: 2231:Infallibility ( 2077:(custodian) of 2071:: "ʿAlī is the 2039: 1956: 1950: 1942:Main articles: 1940: 1925:Islamic prophet 1899: 1888: 1882: 1879: 1872: 1853: 1849: 1842: 1836: 1724: 1720: 1702: 1696: 1678: 1674: 1647: 1643: 1612: 1608: 1573: 1505:Twelver Shi'ism 1336:Islamic prophet 1308: 1304: 1294: 1256: 1254: 1247: 1246: 1223:Salafi jihadism 1181:Other religions 1176:Arabic language 1138: 1128: 1127: 1056:Moral teachings 947: 933: 932: 923:Spread of Islam 868: 858: 857: 845:(jurisprudence) 827:Qisas al-Anbiya 776: 775: 755: 754: 723: 713: 712: 668: 629: 591: 586: 585: 516:Zaynab bint Ali 496: 488: 487: 458: 448: 447: 361:Sulaymani Bohra 285: 275: 274: 245:Fatimah's house 220: 210: 209: 165: 155: 154: 73: 52: 51: 43: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 23827: 23817: 23816: 23799: 23798: 23796: 23795: 23785: 23774: 23771: 23770: 23767: 23766: 23763: 23762: 23760: 23759: 23754: 23749: 23744: 23739: 23734: 23729: 23724: 23719: 23714: 23709: 23704: 23698: 23696: 23690: 23689: 23687: 23686: 23681: 23676: 23671: 23666: 23661: 23656: 23651: 23646: 23641: 23636: 23631: 23626: 23621: 23615: 23613: 23607: 23606: 23604: 23603: 23598: 23593: 23588: 23583: 23578: 23573: 23568: 23563: 23558: 23553: 23548: 23543: 23538: 23533: 23528: 23523: 23518: 23513: 23508: 23503: 23498: 23493: 23487: 23485: 23479: 23478: 23476: 23475: 23474: 23473: 23468: 23463: 23458: 23451:United Kingdom 23448: 23443: 23438: 23433: 23428: 23423: 23418: 23413: 23408: 23403: 23398: 23393: 23388: 23383: 23378: 23373: 23368: 23363: 23358: 23353: 23348: 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22651: 22650: 22647: 22646: 22643: 22642: 22640: 22639: 22634: 22629: 22624: 22619: 22614: 22609: 22604: 22599: 22594: 22589: 22584: 22579: 22573: 22571: 22563: 22560: 22559: 22557: 22556: 22551: 22546: 22544:Secularization 22541: 22536: 22531: 22526: 22524:Deconstruction 22521: 22516: 22511: 22506: 22500: 22498: 22488: 22485: 22484: 22482: 22481: 22476: 22475: 22474: 22469: 22464: 22459: 22449: 22444: 22439: 22434: 22429: 22424: 22419: 22414: 22409: 22404: 22399: 22394: 22389: 22384: 22379: 22374: 22372:Fundamentalism 22369: 22368: 22367: 22362: 22357: 22352: 22342: 22337: 22332: 22327: 22326: 22325: 22320: 22315: 22305: 22304: 22303: 22298: 22293: 22279: 22274: 22268: 22266: 22259: 22256: 22255: 22253: 22252: 22247: 22242: 22237: 22236: 22235: 22225: 22220: 22215: 22210: 22205: 22200: 22195: 22190: 22185: 22180: 22174: 22172: 22164: 22163: 22161: 22160: 22155: 22150: 22145: 22140: 22135: 22130: 22125: 22120: 22115: 22109: 22107: 22101: 22100: 22098: 22097: 22096: 22095: 22090: 22085: 22075: 22070: 22065: 22060: 22055: 22050: 22045: 22040: 22039: 22038: 22033: 22028: 22023: 22013: 22012: 22011: 22006: 22001: 21991: 21986: 21981: 21976: 21971: 21966: 21961: 21956: 21951: 21946: 21945: 21944: 21939: 21934: 21924: 21919: 21914: 21909: 21904: 21899: 21894: 21889: 21884: 21879: 21874: 21869: 21864: 21859: 21850: 21848:Call to prayer 21845: 21840: 21835: 21833:Disaffiliation 21825: 21823: 21815: 21814: 21804: 21803: 21800: 21799: 21797: 21796: 21791: 21786: 21781: 21776: 21771: 21766: 21761: 21760: 21759: 21754: 21749: 21739: 21738: 21737: 21732: 21727: 21722: 21717: 21707: 21702: 21701: 21700: 21695: 21690: 21680: 21679: 21678: 21673: 21663: 21662: 21661: 21656: 21651: 21646: 21636: 21631: 21630: 21629: 21619: 21618: 21617: 21612: 21602: 21597: 21596: 21595: 21585: 21580: 21575: 21570: 21565: 21560: 21555: 21550: 21549: 21548: 21543: 21538: 21533: 21531:Greco-Buddhism 21528: 21518: 21517: 21516: 21511: 21506: 21501: 21491: 21486: 21485: 21484: 21474: 21469: 21464: 21463: 21462: 21452: 21447: 21442: 21441: 21440: 21435: 21425: 21420: 21419: 21418: 21413: 21408: 21398: 21393: 21388: 21383: 21382: 21381: 21370: 21367: 21366: 21354: 21353: 21350: 21349: 21346: 21345: 21342: 21341: 21339: 21338: 21337: 21336: 21326: 21321: 21316: 21311: 21306: 21301: 21296: 21291: 21285: 21283: 21279: 21278: 21276: 21275: 21274: 21273: 21261: 21256: 21255: 21254: 21249: 21244: 21239: 21234: 21229: 21224: 21214: 21209: 21204: 21199: 21194: 21189: 21184: 21179: 21174: 21173: 21172: 21162: 21161: 21160: 21155: 21145: 21144: 21143: 21138: 21128: 21123: 21122: 21121: 21112: 21110: 21102: 21101: 21099: 21098: 21093: 21088: 21083: 21082: 21081: 21076: 21066: 21061: 21056: 21051: 21046: 21045: 21044: 21034: 21029: 21024: 21019: 21014: 21009: 21004: 20999: 20994: 20989: 20983: 20981: 20974: 20964: 20963: 20960: 20959: 20957: 20956: 20951: 20946: 20941: 20935: 20933: 20929: 20928: 20925: 20924: 20922: 20921: 20920: 20919: 20914: 20909: 20904: 20899: 20894: 20892:Tambor de Mina 20889: 20884: 20879: 20874: 20869: 20864: 20859: 20854: 20849: 20848: 20847: 20842: 20837: 20818: 20817: 20816: 20815: 20805: 20800: 20795: 20790: 20785: 20780: 20775: 20770: 20765: 20760: 20755: 20750: 20745: 20740: 20735: 20730: 20725: 20720: 20719: 20718: 20713: 20703: 20698: 20693: 20687: 20685: 20677: 20676: 20674: 20673: 20672: 20671: 20669:Guanche church 20660: 20658: 20651: 20643: 20642: 20640: 20639: 20634: 20629: 20624: 20619: 20614: 20609: 20604: 20599: 20594: 20589: 20584: 20578: 20576: 20574:Tibeto-Burmese 20570: 20569: 20567: 20566: 20561: 20556: 20551: 20545: 20543: 20533: 20532: 20530: 20529: 20524: 20519: 20514: 20509: 20504: 20503: 20502: 20497: 20487: 20482: 20480:Nuu-chah-nulth 20477: 20472: 20467: 20462: 20461: 20460: 20455: 20450: 20445: 20435: 20430: 20425: 20424: 20423: 20413: 20408: 20403: 20402: 20401: 20396: 20391: 20389:Muscogee Creek 20386: 20381: 20371: 20366: 20361: 20356: 20347: 20342: 20337: 20332: 20331: 20330: 20325: 20315: 20314: 20313: 20308: 20303: 20298: 20288: 20283: 20278: 20277: 20276: 20271: 20266: 20256: 20251: 20245: 20243: 20235: 20234: 20232: 20231: 20226: 20224:Sumbese Marapu 20221: 20220: 20219: 20214: 20204: 20203: 20202: 20192: 20187: 20182: 20177: 20176: 20175: 20170: 20162: 20161: 20160: 20155: 20145: 20143:Batak Parmalim 20139: 20137: 20131: 20130: 20128: 20127: 20121: 20119: 20113: 20112: 20110: 20109: 20108: 20107: 20102: 20092: 20091: 20090: 20085: 20080: 20065: 20063: 20054: 20048: 20047: 20044: 20043: 20040: 20039: 20037: 20036: 20035: 20034: 20029: 20019: 20014: 20009: 20004: 19999: 19998: 19997: 19992: 19982: 19977: 19971: 19969: 19965: 19964: 19962: 19961: 19954: 19949: 19948: 19947: 19937: 19936: 19935: 19930: 19925: 19907: 19901: 19899: 19893: 19892: 19890: 19889: 19882: 19877: 19872: 19867: 19862: 19857: 19852: 19851: 19850: 19845: 19840: 19835: 19830: 19825: 19820: 19815: 19805: 19804: 19803: 19798: 19793: 19788: 19783: 19778: 19773: 19768: 19763: 19752: 19750: 19741: 19735: 19734: 19731: 19730: 19728: 19727: 19722: 19717: 19712: 19707: 19701: 19699: 19693: 19692: 19690: 19689: 19684: 19679: 19673: 19671: 19665: 19664: 19662: 19661: 19656: 19651: 19646: 19645: 19644: 19631: 19629: 19623: 19622: 19620: 19619: 19618: 19617: 19612: 19602: 19601: 19600: 19595: 19585: 19580: 19575: 19570: 19564: 19562: 19553: 19544: 19538: 19537: 19534: 19533: 19530: 19529: 19527: 19526: 19521: 19516: 19510: 19508: 19504: 19503: 19501: 19500: 19495: 19490: 19485: 19479: 19477: 19471: 19470: 19468: 19467: 19462: 19457: 19455:Ilm-e-Khshnoom 19451: 19449: 19440: 19434: 19433: 19430: 19429: 19427: 19426: 19421: 19416: 19411: 19406: 19401: 19396: 19390: 19388: 19384: 19383: 19381: 19380: 19373: 19368: 19363: 19358: 19353: 19348: 19343: 19342: 19341: 19331: 19326: 19325: 19324: 19319: 19314: 19309: 19299: 19298: 19297: 19296: 19295: 19290: 19280: 19275: 19270: 19259: 19257: 19251: 19250: 19248: 19247: 19240: 19239: 19238: 19233: 19228: 19223: 19218: 19213: 19208: 19203: 19198: 19192:Bible Students 19184: 19179: 19174: 19169: 19164: 19162:Restorationism 19159: 19158: 19157: 19152: 19147: 19142: 19141: 19140: 19130: 19125: 19120: 19118:Evangelicalism 19115: 19114: 19113: 19108: 19103: 19093: 19092: 19091: 19086: 19081: 19071: 19066: 19061: 19060: 19059: 19054: 19049: 19044: 19039: 19029: 19019: 19018: 19017: 19012: 18998: 18997: 18996: 18991: 18981: 18976: 18975: 18974: 18964: 18963: 18962: 18957: 18946: 18944: 18938: 18937: 18935: 18934: 18927: 18922: 18917: 18912: 18907: 18902: 18897: 18892: 18891: 18890: 18889: 18888: 18878: 18877: 18876: 18860: 18858: 18849: 18840: 18830: 18829: 18817: 18816: 18809: 18808: 18801: 18794: 18786: 18777: 18776: 18774: 18773: 18763: 18750: 18747: 18746: 18743: 18742: 18739: 18738: 18736: 18735: 18730: 18725: 18720: 18715: 18710: 18705: 18700: 18695: 18694: 18693: 18683: 18682: 18681: 18676: 18671: 18661: 18656: 18655: 18654: 18649: 18638: 18636: 18635:Related topics 18632: 18631: 18629: 18628: 18623: 18618: 18613: 18607: 18605: 18599: 18598: 18596: 18595: 18590: 18585: 18580: 18575: 18570: 18569: 18568: 18563: 18558: 18547: 18545: 18535: 18534: 18521: 18520: 18517: 18516: 18513: 18512: 18510: 18509: 18504: 18497: 18492: 18491: 18490: 18480: 18475: 18470: 18465: 18460: 18454: 18452: 18448: 18447: 18445: 18444: 18439: 18434: 18429: 18423: 18421: 18415: 18414: 18412: 18411: 18406: 18401: 18396: 18391: 18386: 18381: 18376: 18370: 18368: 18362: 18361: 18359: 18358: 18353: 18348: 18343: 18338: 18333: 18328: 18323: 18317: 18315: 18305: 18304: 18289: 18288: 18285: 18284: 18281: 18280: 18278: 18277: 18272: 18271: 18270: 18258: 18256:Sources of law 18253: 18248: 18247: 18246: 18236: 18229: 18224: 18217: 18212: 18205: 18200: 18195: 18190: 18185: 18180: 18175: 18170: 18163: 18156: 18155: 18154: 18149: 18144: 18134: 18129: 18121: 18119: 18115: 18114: 18112: 18111: 18104: 18097: 18090: 18083: 18076: 18069: 18061: 18059: 18057: 18056: 18051: 18046: 18040: 18037: 18036: 18034: 18033: 18026: 18021: 18014: 18007: 18000: 17992: 17990: 17984: 17983: 17981: 17980: 17973: 17966: 17959: 17952: 17947: 17941: 17939: 17929: 17928: 17925: 17924: 17919: 17913: 17905: 17904: 17901: 17900: 17898: 17897: 17892: 17887: 17882: 17880:Social welfare 17877: 17872: 17865: 17860: 17855: 17850: 17845: 17840: 17835: 17830: 17825: 17820: 17815: 17810: 17805: 17800: 17794: 17792: 17790: 17789: 17784: 17778: 17775: 17774: 17772: 17771: 17766: 17761: 17760: 17759: 17749: 17744: 17743: 17742: 17737: 17736: 17735: 17730: 17729: 17728: 17723: 17718: 17705: 17691: 17690: 17689: 17684: 17683: 17682: 17672: 17667: 17662: 17652: 17647: 17646: 17645: 17644: 17643: 17633: 17628: 17623: 17618: 17607: 17605: 17599: 17598: 17596: 17595: 17588: 17583: 17578: 17573: 17567: 17565: 17559: 17558: 17556: 17555: 17554: 17553: 17548: 17543: 17538: 17533: 17528: 17523: 17518: 17506: 17501: 17494: 17487: 17485:Historiography 17482: 17477: 17472: 17467: 17461: 17459: 17457: 17456: 17451: 17445: 17442: 17441: 17439: 17438: 17431: 17424: 17417: 17410: 17402: 17400: 17394: 17393: 17391: 17390: 17385: 17380: 17373: 17368: 17363: 17358: 17357: 17356: 17346: 17339: 17338: 17337: 17326: 17324: 17314: 17313: 17306: 17303: 17302: 17294: 17293: 17286: 17279: 17271: 17262: 17261: 17258: 17257: 17254: 17253: 17251: 17250: 17245: 17240: 17235: 17230: 17225: 17217: 17214: 17213: 17210: 17209: 17207: 17206: 17201: 17196: 17191: 17186: 17181: 17175: 17173: 17167: 17166: 17164: 17163: 17158: 17157: 17156: 17151: 17142: 17127: 17125: 17119: 17118: 17116: 17115: 17114: 17113: 17107: 17102: 17097: 17092: 17090:Muhammad Abduh 17081: 17079: 17073: 17072: 17070: 17069: 17068: 17067: 17049: 17048: 17047: 17033: 17032: 17031: 17013: 17012: 17011: 16994: 16993: 16992: 16987: 16982: 16971: 16969: 16960: 16950: 16949: 16946: 16945: 16943: 16942: 16941: 16940: 16935: 16933:Rashad Khalifa 16925: 16924: 16923: 16918: 16916:Muhammad Iqbal 16908: 16903: 16897: 16895: 16889: 16888: 16886: 16885: 16884: 16883: 16877: 16876: 16875: 16869: 16868: 16867: 16866: 16865: 16859: 16856: 16850: 16847: 16846: 16845: 16844: 16843: 16834: 16833: 16832: 16824: 16823: 16822: 16821: 16820: 16815: 16807: 16800: 16798: 16786: 16785: 16783: 16782: 16769: 16762:Bektashi Order 16755: 16746: 16732: 16730: 16721: 16707: 16706: 16703: 16702: 16700: 16699: 16698: 16697: 16689: 16684: 16679: 16676: 16675: 16674: 16666: 16665: 16664: 16658: 16653: 16652: 16651: 16641: 16640: 16639: 16633: 16632: 16631: 16625: 16624: 16623: 16615: 16614: 16613: 16611:Abu al-Khattab 16602: 16600: 16594: 16593: 16591: 16590: 16589: 16588: 16583: 16578: 16569:Abū Hulmān al- 16562: 16559: 16558: 16557: 16550: 16548: 16539: 16533: 16532: 16529: 16528: 16526: 16525: 16524:Amr ibn Murrah 16522: 16521:Ahmad ibn Hārb 16519: 16516: 16513: 16510: 16509:Salm ibn Sālem 16507: 16504: 16501: 16498: 16495: 16492: 16489: 16484: 16478: 16476: 16472: 16471: 16469: 16468: 16467: 16466: 16460: 16459: 16458: 16452: 16451: 16450: 16444: 16443: 16442: 16441:Sāleh ibn Umar 16436: 16435: 16434: 16428: 16427: 16426: 16420: 16419: 16418: 16417:Gassān al-Kūfī 16412: 16411: 16410: 16404: 16403: 16402: 16395: 16393: 16389: 16388: 16386: 16385: 16384: 16383: 16380: 16377: 16374: 16371: 16368: 16365: 16362: 16359: 16356: 16353: 16350: 16347: 16344: 16341: 16338: 16331: 16329: 16320: 16300: 16299: 16296: 16295: 16293: 16292: 16287: 16286: 16285: 16275: 16266: 16264:Jābir ibn Zayd 16261: 16255: 16253: 16247: 16246: 16244: 16243: 16242: 16241: 16232: 16222: 16221: 16220: 16210: 16209: 16208: 16202: 16201: 16200: 16190: 16189: 16188: 16185: 16182: 16175: 16173: 16164: 16152: 16151: 16148: 16147: 16145: 16144: 16139: 16138: 16137: 16132:Tawussite Shia 16129: 16128: 16127: 16113: 16112: 16111: 16097: 16091: 16089: 16082: 16081: 16079: 16078: 16077: 16076: 16071: 16070: 16069: 16064: 16063: 16062: 16057: 16056: 16055: 16050: 16035: 16034: 16033: 16015: 16014: 16013: 16012: 16011: 16005: 16004: 16003: 16000: 15999: 15998: 15995: 15987: 15972: 15971: 15970: 15959: 15957: 15949: 15948: 15946: 15945: 15944: 15943: 15934: 15921: 15907: 15906: 15905: 15893: 15892: 15891: 15886: 15885: 15884: 15879: 15874: 15854: 15853: 15852: 15835: 15817: 15816: 15815: 15804: 15802: 15792: 15791: 15789: 15788: 15787: 15786: 15777: 15763: 15762: 15761: 15744: 15726: 15725: 15724: 15698: 15697: 15696: 15691: 15690: 15689: 15684: 15668: 15666: 15653: 15631: 15630: 15627: 15626: 15624: 15623: 15622: 15621: 15616: 15606: 15605: 15604: 15602:Imams of Yemen 15599: 15597:Yahya ibn Umar 15594: 15593: 15592: 15582: 15577: 15572: 15561: 15559: 15550: 15544: 15543: 15540: 15539: 15537: 15536: 15535: 15534: 15533: 15532: 15523: 15510: 15487: 15486: 15485: 15484: 15483: 15469: 15458: 15456: 15444: 15443: 15441: 15440: 15439: 15438: 15433: 15428: 15427: 15426: 15421: 15420: 15419: 15414: 15409: 15399: 15398: 15397: 15392: 15387: 15382: 15372: 15371: 15370: 15351: 15341: 15340: 15339: 15334: 15329: 15319: 15318: 15317: 15308: 15306: 15291: 15281: 15280: 15268: 15267: 15264: 15263: 15260: 15259: 15257: 15256: 15251: 15245: 15242: 15241: 15238: 15237: 15235: 15234: 15223: 15212: 15205:Kitab al-Majmu 15201: 15193: 15191: 15187: 15186: 15184: 15183: 15176: 15171: 15164: 15157: 15150: 15142: 15140: 15134: 15133: 15131: 15130: 15123: 15116: 15109: 15102: 15095: 15088: 15081: 15074: 15067: 15060: 15053: 15046: 15043:Asas al-Taqdis 15038: 15036: 15027: 15023: 15022: 15019: 15018: 15016: 15015: 15010: 15005: 15000: 14995: 14989: 14987: 14981: 14980: 14978: 14977: 14972: 14967: 14962: 14957: 14956: 14955: 14945: 14940: 14935: 14930: 14925: 14919: 14917: 14911: 14910: 14908: 14907: 14906: 14905: 14895: 14893:Ja'far Sobhani 14890: 14885: 14880: 14875: 14870: 14865: 14860: 14855: 14850: 14845: 14844: 14843: 14838: 14833: 14828: 14823: 14818: 14813: 14808: 14803: 14798: 14796:Husayn ibn Ali 14793: 14788: 14777: 14775: 14769: 14768: 14766: 14765: 14764: 14763: 14755: 14754: 14753: 14743: 14742: 14741: 14731: 14729:Salman al-Ouda 14726: 14725: 14724: 14722:Sahwa movement 14714: 14712:Zubair Ali Zai 14709: 14704: 14703: 14702: 14692: 14691: 14690: 14680: 14675: 14670: 14665: 14660: 14655: 14650: 14645: 14644: 14643: 14633: 14628: 14622: 14620: 14614: 14613: 14611: 14610: 14609: 14608: 14605: 14602: 14599: 14592: 14590: 14584: 14583: 14581: 14580: 14577: 14572: 14567: 14562: 14560:Al-Zamakhshari 14557: 14556: 14555: 14545: 14539: 14536: 14533: 14530: 14524: 14521: 14518: 14515: 14512: 14505: 14503: 14491: 14490: 14488: 14487: 14467: 14465: 14459: 14458: 14456: 14455: 14445: 14444: 14443: 14435: 14419: 14408: 14406: 14400: 14399: 14397: 14396: 14395: 14394: 14393: 14392: 14379: 14378: 14377: 14366: 14364: 14358: 14357: 14355: 14354: 14349: 14344: 14339: 14334: 14329: 14324: 14319: 14314: 14309: 14304: 14299: 14297:Ahmad Sirhindi 14294: 14289: 14284: 14279: 14274: 14269: 14264: 14259: 14254: 14249: 14244: 14239: 14234: 14229: 14224: 14219: 14214: 14209: 14204: 14199: 14193: 14191: 14179: 14178: 14176: 14175: 14165: 14158:Malik ibn Anas 14155: 14144: 14142: 14133: 14132: 14130: 14129: 14124: 14119: 14114: 14109: 14104: 14099: 14094: 14089: 14084: 14079: 14074: 14069: 14064: 14059: 14054: 14049: 14044: 14039: 14034: 14029: 14024: 14019: 14014: 14009: 14004: 13999: 13994: 13989: 13984: 13979: 13974: 13969: 13964: 13959: 13954: 13949: 13944: 13939: 13934: 13929: 13924: 13922:Al-Shahrastani 13919: 13914: 13909: 13904: 13898: 13896: 13881: 13875: 13874: 13871: 13870: 13868: 13867: 13862: 13857: 13851: 13849: 13843: 13842: 13840: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13823: 13821: 13815: 13814: 13812: 13811: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13790: 13788: 13782: 13781: 13779: 13778: 13773: 13768: 13762: 13760: 13751: 13743: 13742: 13739: 13738: 13735: 13730: 13726: 13718: 13717: 13710: 13709: 13702: 13695: 13687: 13678: 13677: 13675: 13670: 13665: 13660: 13658:United Kingdom 13655: 13650: 13645: 13640: 13635: 13630: 13625: 13620: 13615: 13610: 13605: 13600: 13595: 13590: 13585: 13580: 13575: 13570: 13565: 13560: 13555: 13550: 13545: 13540: 13535: 13530: 13525: 13520: 13515: 13510: 13505: 13500: 13495: 13490: 13485: 13480: 13475: 13470: 13465: 13460: 13455: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13435: 13430: 13425: 13420: 13417: 13416: 13411: 13410: 13403: 13396: 13388: 13382: 13381: 13365:United Kingdom 13356: 13335: 13302: 13292:on 4 June 2022 13268: 13267:External links 13265: 13263: 13262: 13236:(2): 243–262. 13221: 13204: 13201: 13195: 13182: 13176: 13163: 13157: 13137: 13131: 13125:. SUNY Press. 13111: 13105: 13083: 13077: 13061: 13055: 13049:. Lit Verlag. 13042: 13036: 13030:. I.B.Tauris. 13023: 13017: 13004: 12998: 12982: 12976: 12962:Dabashi, Hamid 12957: 12956: 12950: 12936: 12934: 12931: 12929: 12928: 12914: 12901: 12895: 12882: 12876: 12860: 12854: 12834: 12828: 12812: 12806: 12790: 12784: 12772:Lewis, Bernard 12764: 12758: 12752:. Suny Press. 12745: 12739: 12721: 12715: 12698: 12680: 12674: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12645: 12644: 12589: 12524: 12488: 12462: 12435: 12402: 12380: 12357: 12337: 12316: 12290: 12272: 12246: 12215: 12208: 12188: 12136: 12082: 12022: 12007: 11954: 11932: 11910: 11884: 11840: 11825: 11782: 11756: 11743: 11724: 11717: 11699: 11686: 11673: 11651: 11633: 11626: 11606: 11599: 11573: 11551: 11534: 11519: 11501: 11471: 11441: 11434: 11416: 11406: 11388: 11362: 11352: 11334: 11327: 11309: 11283: 11246:10.2307/605981 11214: 11199: 11165:Upal, M. Afzal 11140: 11113:(2): 197–221. 11093: 11086: 11068: 11042: 11016: 11003: 10977: 10930: 10918: 10907:on 23 May 2022 10888: 10886:, p. 243. 10876: 10864: 10857: 10840: 10831: 10825:978-0778791423 10824: 10801: 10792:Eurasia Review 10779: 10762: 10738: 10721: 10709: 10688: 10676: 10667: 10660: 10640: 10621: 10607:"Introduction" 10597: 10582: 10580:, pp. 272–301. 10569: 10551: 10536: 10518: 10504: 10489: 10483:978-1138650817 10482: 10459: 10444: 10429: 10409: 10380: 10373: 10353: 10334: 10314: 10308:978-9987080939 10307: 10287: 10264: 10245: 10225: 10199: 10172: 10145: 10131:on 28 May 2010 10105: 10064: 10016: 10009: 9989: 9959: 9939: 9913: 9906: 9885: 9863: 9834: 9822: 9770: 9716: 9688: 9674:on 4 June 2011 9649: 9615: 9601: 9589: 9577: 9564: 9545: 9525: 9498: 9492:. p. 71. 9465: 9454: 9436: 9426: 9402: 9392: 9370: 9363: 9345: 9324: 9298: 9268: 9261: 9240: 9231: 9222: 9207: 9192: 9180: 9147: 9120: 9098: 9073: 9064: 9045: 9042:. p. 271. 9031: 9013: 8996: 8970: 8940: 8929: 8909: 8888:Gundrun Krämer 8872: 8861:on 28 May 2012 8846: 8829: 8804: 8788: 8775: 8766: 8757: 8748: 8739: 8709: 8678: 8671: 8650: 8621: 8611:978-1841622439 8610: 8590: 8584:978-0231700405 8583: 8563: 8514: 8500: 8461: 8435: 8429:978-0838910047 8428: 8408: 8402:978-0791417812 8401: 8381: 8363: 8348: 8341: 8316: 8304: 8283: 8257: 8235: 8217: 8208: 8199: 8187: 8175: 8145: 8132: 8126:978-1412839723 8125: 8102: 8076: 8050: 8028: 8004: 7974: 7962: 7936: 7910: 7903: 7872: 7860: 7845: 7827: 7815: 7803: 7664: 7652: 7635:English forums 7614: 7582: 7567: 7560: 7540: 7516: 7509: 7491: 7484: 7465: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7456: 7455: 7440: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7360: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7313: 7312: 7311: 7297: 7283: 7267: 7264: 7229:Ba'athist Iraq 7225:Saddam Hussein 7200:armies of the 7188:as killing 70 7157:Arab countries 7099:, the seventh 7061: 7058: 6958:Rassid dynasty 6950:Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī 6938:Banu Ukhaidhir 6927:Imams of Yemen 6871: 6868: 6838:In matters of 6835: 6832: 6820:Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī 6794:Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī 6786:any descendant 6777: 6774: 6704:Main article: 6701: 6694: 6665:Da'i al-Mutlaq 6629: 6626: 6623: 6622: 6621: 6620: 6612: 6611: 6610: 6604: 6596: 6595: 6594: 6588: 6580: 6579: 6578: 6572: 6571:(Guardianship) 6551: 6548: 6543:Da'i al-Mutlaq 6389:chain of Imams 6357:Main article: 6354: 6353:Ismāʿīlī Imams 6351: 6335:United Kingdom 6331:Western Europe 6274:Da'i al-Mutlaq 6219:his successors 6143:Main article: 6140: 6133: 6114:supported the 6042: 6039: 5997:, such as the 5971: 5970: 5962: 5956: 5950: 5942: 5934: 5922: 5914: 5898: 5897: 5889: 5881: 5873: 5865: 5799:Main article: 5796: 5793: 5724: 5721: 5720: 5719: 5708: 5697: 5664: 5661: 5660: 5659: 5651: 5639: 5631: 5623: 5598: 5595: 5528:Main article: 5525: 5522: 5498:, named after 5466:Main article: 5463: 5460: 5457: 5456: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5440: 5435: 5422: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5413: 5410: 5408:Islam in Qatar 5405: 5392: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5383: 5380: 5375: 5373:United Kingdom 5362: 5361: 5354: 5351: 5348: 5345: 5336: 5323: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5311: 5306: 5293: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5276: 5263: 5262: 5260:Nizari Ismaili 5256: 5253: 5250: 5247: 5242: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5195: 5194: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5170: 5165: 5152: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5143: 5140: 5135: 5122: 5121: 5110: 5107: 5104: 5103:<2,000,000 5101: 5096: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5072: 5067: 5054: 5053: 5050: 5047: 5044: 5041: 5036: 5023: 5022: 5015: 5012: 5009: 5006: 5004:Islam in Syria 5001: 4988: 4987: 4976: 4973: 4970: 4967: 4962: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4913: 4912: 4905: 4902: 4899: 4896: 4891: 4878: 4877: 4870: 4867: 4864: 4861: 4856: 4843: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4834: 4831: 4826: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4779: 4778: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4761: 4748: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4714: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4677: 4674: 4640:A significant 4474:Main article: 4471: 4468: 4467: 4466: 4452: 4445: 4443: 4429: 4422: 4420: 4410: 4403: 4368: 4367: 4336: 4321: 4308: 4237:Safavid Empire 4214: 4213:Safavid Empire 4211: 4210: 4209: 4208: 4207: 4165: 4101:, named after 4091: 4088: 4068: 4067: 4064:Southern India 4060:Deccan Plateau 4053: 4048:; his brother 4046:state religion 3988: 3974: 3961: 3950:Eastern Arabia 3936: 3910:Main article: 3907: 3904: 3812: 3809: 3682:and sister of 3676:Fatima Masumeh 3567:Main article: 3564: 3558: 3516: 3515: 3506: 3505: 3497: 3496: 3495: 3494: 3493: 3415:Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī 3386:Husayn ibn Ali 3377: 3374: 3191: 3188: 3170:Main article: 3167: 3164: 3156:, stated in a 3154:ʿAlī Khameneʾī 3096: 3093: 3079:armies of the 3058:Tomb of Daniel 3016:in Najaf, the 2951:Main article: 2948: 2945: 2944: 2943: 2931: 2928:Laylat al-Qadr 2925: 2911: 2901: 2891: 2879:Rabi' al-awwal 2872: 2858: 2831: 2828:Eid al-Ghadeer 2825: 2813: 2796:Main article: 2793: 2790: 2730: 2727: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2677:, the ring of 2635: 2628: 2582: 2579: 2570:Da'i al-Mutlaq 2532:, such as the 2530:Shīʿa subsects 2488:—the promised 2442: 2435: 2419:الإنسان الكامل 2299:as well as to 2239:Main article: 2236: 2229: 2038: 2031: 1939: 1936: 1901: 1900: 1856: 1854: 1847: 1838:Main article: 1835: 1832: 1784:Al-Shahrastani 1572: 1569: 1463:أَهْل ٱلْبَيْت 1296: 1295: 1293: 1292: 1285: 1278: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1249: 1248: 1245: 1244: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1210: 1205: 1204: 1203: 1198: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1151: 1150: 1145: 1139: 1136:Related topics 1134: 1133: 1130: 1129: 1126: 1125: 1120: 1118:Social welfare 1115: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1012: 1011: 1006: 996: 995: 994: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 948: 939: 938: 935: 934: 931: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 904: 903: 896: 889: 881: 880: 875: 869: 864: 863: 860: 859: 856: 855: 847: 838: 837: 831: 823: 815: 806: 805: 785: 777: 774: 773: 768: 762: 761: 760: 757: 756: 753: 752: 747: 742: 736: 735: 730: 724: 719: 718: 715: 714: 711: 710: 708:Predestination 704: 703: 698: 692: 691: 689:Revealed Books 686: 680: 679: 669: 664: 663: 660: 659: 651: 650: 644: 643: 631: 630: 628: 627: 620: 613: 605: 602: 601: 588: 587: 584: 583: 581:Sayyida Nafisa 578: 573: 568: 563: 558: 556:Hakimah Khātūn 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 508: 503: 497: 494: 493: 490: 489: 486: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 459: 454: 453: 450: 449: 446: 445: 440: 439: 438: 433: 428: 427: 426: 416: 411: 401: 400: 399: 398: 397: 392: 382: 381: 380: 375: 374: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 351:Hebtiahs Bohra 348: 347: 346: 321: 320: 319: 309: 308: 307: 302: 297: 286: 281: 280: 277: 276: 273: 272: 267: 262: 257: 252: 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 221: 216: 215: 212: 211: 208: 207: 202: 197: 192: 187: 182: 177: 172: 166: 161: 160: 157: 156: 153: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 116: 115: 110: 105: 95: 90: 85: 80: 74: 71: 70: 67: 66: 58: 57: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 23826: 23815: 23812: 23811: 23809: 23794: 23790: 23786: 23784: 23776: 23775: 23772: 23758: 23755: 23753: 23750: 23748: 23745: 23743: 23740: 23738: 23735: 23733: 23730: 23728: 23725: 23723: 23720: 23718: 23715: 23713: 23710: 23708: 23705: 23703: 23700: 23699: 23697: 23695: 23694:South America 23691: 23685: 23682: 23680: 23677: 23675: 23672: 23670: 23667: 23665: 23662: 23660: 23657: 23655: 23652: 23650: 23647: 23645: 23642: 23640: 23637: 23635: 23632: 23630: 23627: 23625: 23622: 23620: 23617: 23616: 23614: 23612: 23608: 23602: 23601:United States 23599: 23597: 23594: 23592: 23589: 23587: 23584: 23582: 23579: 23577: 23574: 23572: 23569: 23567: 23564: 23562: 23559: 23557: 23554: 23552: 23549: 23547: 23544: 23542: 23539: 23537: 23534: 23532: 23529: 23527: 23524: 23522: 23519: 23517: 23514: 23512: 23509: 23507: 23504: 23502: 23499: 23497: 23494: 23492: 23489: 23488: 23486: 23484: 23483:North America 23480: 23472: 23469: 23467: 23464: 23462: 23459: 23457: 23454: 23453: 23452: 23449: 23447: 23444: 23442: 23439: 23437: 23434: 23432: 23429: 23427: 23424: 23422: 23419: 23417: 23414: 23412: 23409: 23407: 23404: 23402: 23399: 23397: 23394: 23392: 23389: 23387: 23384: 23382: 23379: 23377: 23374: 23372: 23369: 23367: 23364: 23362: 23359: 23357: 23354: 23352: 23349: 23347: 23344: 23342: 23341:Liechtenstein 23339: 23337: 23334: 23332: 23329: 23327: 23324: 23322: 23319: 23317: 23314: 23312: 23309: 23307: 23304: 23302: 23299: 23297: 23294: 23292: 23289: 23287: 23284: 23282: 23279: 23277: 23274: 23272: 23269: 23267: 23264: 23262: 23259: 23257: 23254: 23252: 23249: 23247: 23244: 23242: 23239: 23237: 23234: 23233: 23231: 23229: 23225: 23219: 23216: 23214: 23211: 23209: 23206: 23204: 23201: 23199: 23196: 23194: 23191: 23189: 23186: 23184: 23181: 23179: 23176: 23174: 23171: 23169: 23166: 23164: 23161: 23159: 23156: 23154: 23151: 23149: 23146: 23144: 23141: 23139: 23136: 23134: 23131: 23129: 23126: 23124: 23121: 23119: 23116: 23114: 23111: 23109: 23106: 23104: 23101: 23099: 23096: 23094: 23091: 23089: 23086: 23084: 23081: 23077: 23074: 23072: 23069: 23068: 23067: 23064: 23062: 23059: 23057: 23054: 23052: 23049: 23047: 23044: 23042: 23039: 23037: 23034: 23032: 23029: 23027: 23024: 23022: 23019: 23017: 23014: 23012: 23009: 23007: 23004: 23002: 22999: 22997: 22994: 22992: 22989: 22987: 22984: 22982: 22979: 22977: 22974: 22972: 22969: 22967: 22964: 22962: 22959: 22958: 22956: 22954: 22950: 22944: 22941: 22939: 22936: 22934: 22931: 22929: 22926: 22924: 22921: 22919: 22916: 22914: 22911: 22909: 22906: 22904: 22901: 22899: 22896: 22894: 22891: 22889: 22886: 22884: 22881: 22879: 22876: 22874: 22871: 22869: 22866: 22864: 22861: 22859: 22856: 22854: 22851: 22849: 22846: 22844: 22841: 22839: 22836: 22834: 22831: 22829: 22826: 22824: 22821: 22819: 22816: 22814: 22811: 22809: 22806: 22804: 22801: 22799: 22796: 22794: 22793:Guinea-Bissau 22791: 22789: 22786: 22784: 22781: 22779: 22776: 22774: 22771: 22769: 22766: 22764: 22761: 22759: 22756: 22754: 22751: 22749: 22746: 22744: 22741: 22739: 22736: 22734: 22731: 22729: 22726: 22724: 22721: 22719: 22716: 22714: 22711: 22709: 22706: 22704: 22701: 22699: 22696: 22694: 22691: 22689: 22686: 22684: 22681: 22679: 22676: 22675: 22673: 22671: 22667: 22663: 22656: 22652: 22638: 22635: 22633: 22630: 22628: 22625: 22623: 22620: 22618: 22617:Organizations 22615: 22613: 22610: 22608: 22605: 22603: 22600: 22598: 22595: 22593: 22590: 22588: 22585: 22583: 22580: 22578: 22575: 22574: 22572: 22569: 22561: 22555: 22552: 22550: 22547: 22545: 22542: 22540: 22537: 22535: 22532: 22530: 22527: 22525: 22522: 22520: 22517: 22515: 22512: 22510: 22507: 22505: 22502: 22501: 22499: 22496: 22491: 22486: 22480: 22477: 22473: 22470: 22468: 22465: 22463: 22460: 22458: 22455: 22454: 22453: 22450: 22448: 22445: 22443: 22442:Vegetarianism 22440: 22438: 22435: 22433: 22430: 22428: 22425: 22423: 22420: 22418: 22415: 22413: 22410: 22408: 22405: 22403: 22400: 22398: 22395: 22393: 22390: 22388: 22387:Homosexuality 22385: 22383: 22380: 22378: 22375: 22373: 22370: 22366: 22363: 22361: 22358: 22356: 22353: 22351: 22348: 22347: 22346: 22343: 22341: 22338: 22336: 22333: 22331: 22328: 22324: 22321: 22319: 22316: 22314: 22311: 22310: 22309: 22306: 22302: 22299: 22297: 22294: 22292: 22289: 22288: 22287: 22283: 22280: 22278: 22275: 22273: 22270: 22269: 22267: 22264: 22257: 22251: 22248: 22246: 22243: 22241: 22238: 22234: 22231: 22230: 22229: 22226: 22224: 22221: 22219: 22216: 22214: 22211: 22209: 22208:Neurotheology 22206: 22204: 22201: 22199: 22196: 22194: 22191: 22189: 22186: 22184: 22181: 22179: 22176: 22175: 22173: 22171: 22165: 22159: 22156: 22154: 22151: 22149: 22146: 22144: 22141: 22139: 22136: 22134: 22131: 22129: 22126: 22124: 22121: 22119: 22116: 22114: 22111: 22110: 22108: 22106: 22102: 22094: 22091: 22089: 22086: 22084: 22081: 22080: 22079: 22076: 22074: 22071: 22069: 22066: 22064: 22061: 22059: 22056: 22054: 22051: 22049: 22046: 22044: 22041: 22037: 22034: 22032: 22029: 22027: 22024: 22022: 22019: 22018: 22017: 22014: 22010: 22007: 22005: 22002: 22000: 21997: 21996: 21995: 21992: 21990: 21987: 21985: 21982: 21980: 21977: 21975: 21972: 21970: 21967: 21965: 21962: 21960: 21957: 21955: 21952: 21950: 21947: 21943: 21940: 21938: 21935: 21933: 21930: 21929: 21928: 21925: 21923: 21920: 21918: 21915: 21913: 21910: 21908: 21905: 21903: 21902:Folk religion 21900: 21898: 21895: 21893: 21890: 21888: 21885: 21883: 21880: 21878: 21875: 21873: 21870: 21868: 21865: 21863: 21860: 21858: 21854: 21851: 21849: 21846: 21844: 21841: 21839: 21836: 21834: 21830: 21827: 21826: 21824: 21820: 21816: 21809: 21805: 21795: 21792: 21790: 21787: 21785: 21782: 21780: 21777: 21775: 21772: 21770: 21767: 21765: 21762: 21758: 21755: 21753: 21750: 21748: 21745: 21744: 21743: 21740: 21736: 21733: 21731: 21728: 21726: 21725:Imperial cult 21723: 21721: 21718: 21716: 21713: 21712: 21711: 21708: 21706: 21703: 21699: 21696: 21694: 21691: 21689: 21686: 21685: 21684: 21681: 21677: 21674: 21672: 21669: 21668: 21667: 21664: 21660: 21657: 21655: 21652: 21650: 21647: 21645: 21642: 21641: 21640: 21637: 21635: 21632: 21628: 21625: 21624: 21623: 21620: 21616: 21613: 21611: 21608: 21607: 21606: 21603: 21601: 21598: 21594: 21591: 21590: 21589: 21586: 21584: 21581: 21579: 21576: 21574: 21571: 21569: 21566: 21564: 21561: 21559: 21556: 21554: 21551: 21547: 21544: 21542: 21539: 21537: 21534: 21532: 21529: 21527: 21524: 21523: 21522: 21519: 21515: 21512: 21510: 21507: 21505: 21502: 21500: 21497: 21496: 21495: 21492: 21490: 21487: 21483: 21480: 21479: 21478: 21475: 21473: 21470: 21468: 21465: 21461: 21458: 21457: 21456: 21453: 21451: 21448: 21446: 21443: 21439: 21436: 21434: 21431: 21430: 21429: 21426: 21424: 21421: 21417: 21414: 21412: 21409: 21407: 21404: 21403: 21402: 21399: 21397: 21394: 21392: 21389: 21387: 21384: 21380: 21377: 21376: 21375: 21372: 21371: 21368: 21364: 21359: 21355: 21335: 21332: 21331: 21330: 21327: 21325: 21322: 21320: 21317: 21315: 21312: 21310: 21307: 21305: 21302: 21300: 21297: 21295: 21294:Discordianism 21292: 21290: 21289:Anthroposophy 21287: 21286: 21284: 21280: 21272: 21271: 21267: 21266: 21265: 21262: 21260: 21257: 21253: 21250: 21248: 21245: 21243: 21240: 21238: 21237:Mari religion 21235: 21233: 21230: 21228: 21225: 21223: 21220: 21219: 21218: 21215: 21213: 21210: 21208: 21205: 21203: 21200: 21198: 21195: 21193: 21190: 21188: 21185: 21183: 21180: 21178: 21175: 21171: 21168: 21167: 21166: 21163: 21159: 21156: 21154: 21151: 21150: 21149: 21146: 21142: 21139: 21137: 21134: 21133: 21132: 21129: 21127: 21124: 21120: 21117: 21116: 21114: 21113: 21111: 21109: 21103: 21097: 21094: 21092: 21089: 21087: 21084: 21080: 21077: 21075: 21074:Neo-Theosophy 21072: 21071: 21070: 21067: 21065: 21062: 21060: 21057: 21055: 21052: 21050: 21047: 21043: 21040: 21039: 21038: 21035: 21033: 21030: 21028: 21025: 21023: 21020: 21018: 21015: 21013: 21012:New Acropolis 21010: 21008: 21005: 21003: 21000: 20998: 20995: 20993: 20990: 20988: 20985: 20984: 20982: 20978: 20975: 20973: 20965: 20955: 20952: 20950: 20947: 20945: 20942: 20940: 20937: 20936: 20934: 20930: 20918: 20915: 20913: 20910: 20908: 20905: 20903: 20900: 20898: 20895: 20893: 20890: 20888: 20885: 20883: 20880: 20878: 20875: 20873: 20870: 20868: 20865: 20863: 20860: 20858: 20855: 20853: 20850: 20846: 20843: 20841: 20838: 20836: 20833: 20832: 20831: 20828: 20827: 20826: 20824: 20820: 20819: 20814: 20811: 20810: 20809: 20806: 20804: 20801: 20799: 20796: 20794: 20791: 20789: 20786: 20784: 20781: 20779: 20776: 20774: 20771: 20769: 20766: 20764: 20761: 20759: 20756: 20754: 20751: 20749: 20746: 20744: 20741: 20739: 20736: 20734: 20731: 20729: 20726: 20724: 20721: 20717: 20714: 20712: 20709: 20708: 20707: 20704: 20702: 20699: 20697: 20694: 20692: 20689: 20688: 20686: 20684: 20678: 20670: 20667: 20666: 20665: 20662: 20661: 20659: 20657:North African 20655: 20652: 20650: 20644: 20638: 20635: 20633: 20630: 20628: 20625: 20623: 20620: 20618: 20615: 20613: 20610: 20608: 20605: 20603: 20600: 20598: 20595: 20593: 20590: 20588: 20585: 20583: 20580: 20579: 20577: 20575: 20571: 20565: 20562: 20560: 20557: 20555: 20552: 20550: 20547: 20546: 20544: 20542: 20538: 20534: 20528: 20525: 20523: 20520: 20518: 20515: 20513: 20510: 20508: 20505: 20501: 20498: 20496: 20493: 20492: 20491: 20488: 20486: 20483: 20481: 20478: 20476: 20473: 20471: 20468: 20466: 20463: 20459: 20456: 20454: 20451: 20449: 20446: 20444: 20441: 20440: 20439: 20436: 20434: 20431: 20429: 20426: 20422: 20419: 20418: 20417: 20414: 20412: 20411:Kwakwakaʼwakw 20409: 20407: 20404: 20400: 20397: 20395: 20392: 20390: 20387: 20385: 20382: 20380: 20377: 20376: 20375: 20372: 20370: 20367: 20365: 20362: 20360: 20357: 20355: 20351: 20348: 20346: 20343: 20341: 20338: 20336: 20333: 20329: 20326: 20324: 20321: 20320: 20319: 20316: 20312: 20309: 20307: 20304: 20302: 20299: 20297: 20294: 20293: 20292: 20289: 20287: 20284: 20282: 20279: 20275: 20272: 20270: 20267: 20265: 20262: 20261: 20260: 20257: 20255: 20252: 20250: 20247: 20246: 20244: 20242: 20236: 20230: 20227: 20225: 20222: 20218: 20215: 20213: 20210: 20209: 20208: 20205: 20201: 20198: 20197: 20196: 20193: 20191: 20188: 20186: 20183: 20181: 20178: 20174: 20171: 20169: 20166: 20165: 20163: 20159: 20156: 20154: 20151: 20150: 20149: 20146: 20144: 20141: 20140: 20138: 20136: 20132: 20126: 20123: 20122: 20120: 20118: 20117:Austroasiatic 20114: 20106: 20103: 20101: 20098: 20097: 20096: 20093: 20089: 20088:Vattisen Yaly 20086: 20084: 20081: 20079: 20076: 20075: 20074: 20070: 20067: 20066: 20064: 20062: 20058: 20055: 20053: 20049: 20033: 20030: 20028: 20025: 20024: 20023: 20020: 20018: 20015: 20013: 20010: 20008: 20007:Kirat Mundhum 20005: 20003: 20000: 19996: 19993: 19991: 19988: 19987: 19986: 19983: 19981: 19978: 19976: 19973: 19972: 19970: 19966: 19960: 19959: 19955: 19953: 19950: 19946: 19943: 19942: 19941: 19938: 19934: 19931: 19929: 19926: 19924: 19920: 19916: 19913: 19912: 19911: 19908: 19906: 19903: 19902: 19900: 19898: 19894: 19888: 19887: 19883: 19881: 19878: 19876: 19873: 19871: 19868: 19866: 19863: 19861: 19858: 19856: 19853: 19849: 19846: 19844: 19841: 19839: 19836: 19834: 19831: 19829: 19826: 19824: 19821: 19819: 19816: 19814: 19811: 19810: 19809: 19806: 19802: 19799: 19797: 19794: 19792: 19789: 19787: 19784: 19782: 19779: 19777: 19774: 19772: 19769: 19767: 19764: 19762: 19759: 19758: 19757: 19754: 19753: 19751: 19749: 19745: 19742: 19740: 19736: 19726: 19723: 19721: 19718: 19716: 19713: 19711: 19708: 19706: 19703: 19702: 19700: 19698: 19694: 19688: 19685: 19683: 19680: 19678: 19675: 19674: 19672: 19670: 19666: 19660: 19657: 19655: 19652: 19650: 19647: 19643: 19642: 19638: 19637: 19636: 19633: 19632: 19630: 19628: 19624: 19616: 19613: 19611: 19608: 19607: 19606: 19603: 19599: 19596: 19594: 19591: 19590: 19589: 19586: 19584: 19581: 19579: 19576: 19574: 19571: 19569: 19566: 19565: 19563: 19561: 19557: 19554: 19552: 19548: 19545: 19543: 19539: 19525: 19522: 19520: 19517: 19515: 19512: 19511: 19509: 19505: 19499: 19496: 19494: 19491: 19489: 19486: 19484: 19481: 19480: 19478: 19476: 19472: 19466: 19463: 19461: 19458: 19456: 19453: 19452: 19450: 19448: 19444: 19441: 19439: 19435: 19425: 19422: 19420: 19417: 19415: 19412: 19410: 19407: 19405: 19402: 19400: 19397: 19395: 19392: 19391: 19389: 19385: 19379: 19378: 19374: 19372: 19369: 19367: 19366:Milah Abraham 19364: 19362: 19359: 19357: 19354: 19352: 19349: 19347: 19344: 19340: 19337: 19336: 19335: 19332: 19330: 19327: 19323: 19320: 19318: 19315: 19313: 19310: 19308: 19305: 19304: 19303: 19300: 19294: 19291: 19289: 19286: 19285: 19284: 19281: 19279: 19276: 19274: 19271: 19269: 19266: 19265: 19264: 19261: 19260: 19258: 19256: 19252: 19246: 19245: 19241: 19237: 19234: 19232: 19229: 19227: 19224: 19222: 19219: 19217: 19214: 19212: 19209: 19207: 19204: 19202: 19199: 19197: 19193: 19190: 19189: 19188: 19185: 19183: 19180: 19178: 19175: 19173: 19170: 19168: 19165: 19163: 19160: 19156: 19153: 19151: 19148: 19146: 19143: 19139: 19136: 19135: 19134: 19131: 19129: 19126: 19124: 19121: 19119: 19116: 19112: 19109: 19107: 19104: 19102: 19099: 19098: 19097: 19094: 19090: 19087: 19085: 19082: 19080: 19077: 19076: 19075: 19072: 19070: 19067: 19065: 19062: 19058: 19055: 19053: 19050: 19048: 19045: 19043: 19040: 19038: 19035: 19034: 19033: 19030: 19028: 19025: 19024: 19023: 19022:Protestantism 19020: 19016: 19013: 19011: 19007: 19004: 19003: 19002: 18999: 18995: 18992: 18990: 18987: 18986: 18985: 18982: 18980: 18977: 18973: 18970: 18969: 18968: 18965: 18961: 18958: 18956: 18953: 18952: 18951: 18948: 18947: 18945: 18943: 18939: 18933: 18932: 18928: 18926: 18923: 18921: 18918: 18916: 18913: 18911: 18908: 18906: 18903: 18901: 18898: 18896: 18893: 18887: 18884: 18883: 18882: 18879: 18875: 18872: 18871: 18870: 18867: 18866: 18865: 18862: 18861: 18859: 18857: 18853: 18850: 18848: 18844: 18841: 18839: 18835: 18831: 18827: 18822: 18818: 18814: 18807: 18802: 18800: 18795: 18793: 18788: 18787: 18784: 18772: 18764: 18762: 18752: 18751: 18748: 18734: 18731: 18729: 18726: 18724: 18721: 18719: 18716: 18714: 18711: 18709: 18706: 18704: 18701: 18699: 18696: 18692: 18689: 18688: 18687: 18684: 18680: 18677: 18675: 18674:Post-Islamism 18672: 18670: 18667: 18666: 18665: 18662: 18660: 18657: 18653: 18650: 18648: 18645: 18644: 18643: 18640: 18639: 18637: 18633: 18627: 18624: 18622: 18619: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18608: 18606: 18604: 18600: 18594: 18591: 18589: 18586: 18584: 18581: 18579: 18576: 18574: 18571: 18567: 18566:Protestantism 18564: 18562: 18559: 18557: 18554: 18553: 18552: 18549: 18548: 18546: 18544: 18540: 18536: 18526: 18522: 18508: 18505: 18503: 18502: 18498: 18496: 18493: 18489: 18486: 18485: 18484: 18481: 18479: 18476: 18474: 18471: 18469: 18466: 18464: 18461: 18459: 18456: 18455: 18453: 18449: 18443: 18440: 18438: 18435: 18433: 18430: 18428: 18425: 18424: 18422: 18420: 18416: 18410: 18407: 18405: 18404:Ophthalmology 18402: 18400: 18397: 18395: 18392: 18390: 18387: 18385: 18382: 18380: 18377: 18375: 18372: 18371: 18369: 18367: 18363: 18357: 18354: 18352: 18349: 18347: 18344: 18342: 18339: 18337: 18334: 18332: 18329: 18327: 18324: 18322: 18319: 18318: 18316: 18314: 18310: 18306: 18302: 18294: 18290: 18276: 18273: 18269: 18268: 18264: 18263: 18262: 18259: 18257: 18254: 18252: 18249: 18245: 18242: 18241: 18240: 18237: 18235: 18234: 18230: 18228: 18225: 18223: 18222: 18218: 18216: 18213: 18211: 18210: 18206: 18204: 18201: 18199: 18196: 18194: 18191: 18189: 18186: 18184: 18181: 18179: 18176: 18174: 18171: 18169: 18168: 18164: 18162: 18161: 18157: 18153: 18152:Death penalty 18150: 18148: 18145: 18143: 18140: 18139: 18138: 18135: 18133: 18130: 18128: 18127: 18123: 18122: 18120: 18118:Other aspects 18116: 18110: 18109: 18105: 18103: 18102: 18098: 18096: 18095: 18091: 18089: 18088: 18084: 18082: 18081: 18077: 18075: 18074: 18070: 18068: 18067: 18063: 18062: 18060: 18055: 18052: 18050: 18047: 18045: 18042: 18041: 18038: 18032: 18031: 18027: 18025: 18022: 18020: 18019: 18015: 18013: 18012: 18008: 18006: 18005: 18001: 17999: 17998: 17994: 17993: 17991: 17989: 17985: 17979: 17978: 17974: 17972: 17971: 17967: 17965: 17964: 17960: 17958: 17957: 17953: 17951: 17948: 17946: 17943: 17942: 17940: 17938: 17934: 17930: 17923: 17922:Jurisprudence 17920: 17918: 17915: 17914: 17910: 17906: 17896: 17893: 17891: 17888: 17886: 17883: 17881: 17878: 17876: 17873: 17871: 17870: 17866: 17864: 17861: 17859: 17856: 17854: 17851: 17849: 17846: 17844: 17841: 17839: 17836: 17834: 17831: 17829: 17826: 17824: 17821: 17819: 17816: 17814: 17811: 17809: 17806: 17804: 17801: 17799: 17796: 17795: 17793: 17788: 17785: 17783: 17780: 17779: 17776: 17770: 17767: 17765: 17762: 17758: 17755: 17754: 17753: 17750: 17748: 17745: 17741: 17738: 17734: 17731: 17727: 17724: 17722: 17719: 17717: 17714: 17713: 17712: 17709: 17708: 17706: 17704: 17701: 17700: 17699: 17695: 17692: 17688: 17685: 17681: 17678: 17677: 17676: 17673: 17671: 17668: 17666: 17663: 17661: 17658: 17657: 17656: 17653: 17651: 17648: 17642: 17639: 17638: 17637: 17634: 17632: 17629: 17627: 17624: 17622: 17619: 17617: 17614: 17613: 17612: 17609: 17608: 17606: 17604: 17603:Denominations 17600: 17594: 17593: 17589: 17587: 17584: 17582: 17579: 17577: 17574: 17572: 17569: 17568: 17566: 17564: 17560: 17552: 17549: 17547: 17544: 17542: 17539: 17537: 17534: 17532: 17529: 17527: 17524: 17522: 17519: 17517: 17516: 17512: 17511: 17510: 17507: 17505: 17502: 17500: 17499: 17495: 17493: 17492: 17488: 17486: 17483: 17481: 17478: 17476: 17473: 17471: 17468: 17466: 17463: 17462: 17460: 17455: 17452: 17450: 17447: 17446: 17443: 17437: 17436: 17432: 17430: 17429: 17425: 17423: 17422: 17418: 17416: 17415: 17411: 17409: 17408: 17404: 17403: 17401: 17399: 17395: 17389: 17388:Holiest sites 17386: 17384: 17383:Judgement Day 17381: 17379: 17378: 17374: 17372: 17369: 17367: 17364: 17362: 17359: 17355: 17352: 17351: 17350: 17347: 17345: 17344: 17340: 17336: 17333: 17332: 17331: 17328: 17327: 17325: 17323: 17319: 17315: 17311: 17310: 17304: 17299: 17292: 17287: 17285: 17280: 17278: 17273: 17272: 17269: 17249: 17246: 17244: 17241: 17239: 17236: 17234: 17231: 17229: 17226: 17223: 17219: 17218: 17215: 17205: 17202: 17200: 17197: 17195: 17192: 17190: 17187: 17185: 17182: 17180: 17177: 17176: 17174: 17172: 17171:Other beliefs 17168: 17162: 17159: 17155: 17152: 17150: 17146: 17145:Hilmi Tunahan 17143: 17141: 17137: 17134: 17133: 17132: 17129: 17128: 17126: 17124: 17120: 17112: 17108: 17106: 17103: 17101: 17098: 17096: 17095:Muhammad Asad 17093: 17091: 17088: 17087: 17086: 17083: 17082: 17080: 17078: 17074: 17066: 17062: 17058: 17055: 17054: 17053: 17050: 17046: 17042: 17039: 17038: 17037: 17034: 17030: 17026: 17022: 17019: 17018: 17017: 17014: 17010: 17006: 17005:Sabbatai Zevi 17003: 17002: 17001: 16998: 16995: 16991: 16988: 16986: 16983: 16981: 16978: 16977: 16976: 16973: 16972: 16970: 16968: 16964: 16961: 16959: 16951: 16939: 16936: 16934: 16931: 16930: 16929: 16926: 16922: 16919: 16917: 16914: 16913: 16912: 16909: 16907: 16904: 16902: 16899: 16898: 16896: 16894: 16890: 16881: 16880: 16878: 16873: 16872: 16870: 16863: 16862: 16860: 16857: 16855:Ali al-Aswarī 16854: 16853: 16851: 16848: 16841: 16840: 16838: 16837: 16835: 16830: 16829: 16828: 16825: 16819: 16816: 16813: 16812: 16811: 16808: 16805: 16804: 16802: 16801: 16799: 16796: 16791: 16787: 16781: 16777: 16773: 16770: 16767: 16763: 16759: 16756: 16754: 16750: 16747: 16745: 16741: 16737: 16734: 16733: 16731: 16729: 16725: 16722: 16719: 16712: 16708: 16696: 16693: 16692: 16690: 16688: 16685: 16683: 16680: 16677: 16672: 16671: 16670: 16667: 16662: 16661: 16659: 16657: 16654: 16650: 16647: 16646: 16645: 16642: 16637: 16636: 16634: 16629: 16628: 16627:Muʿāmmarīyya 16626: 16621: 16620: 16619: 16616: 16612: 16609: 16608: 16607: 16604: 16603: 16601: 16599: 16595: 16587: 16584: 16582: 16579: 16576: 16572: 16568: 16567: 16566: 16563: 16560: 16555: 16554: 16552: 16551: 16549: 16547: 16543: 16540: 16538: 16534: 16523: 16520: 16517: 16514: 16511: 16508: 16505: 16502: 16499: 16496: 16493: 16490: 16488: 16485: 16483: 16480: 16479: 16477: 16473: 16464: 16463: 16461: 16456: 16455: 16453: 16448: 16447: 16445: 16440: 16439: 16437: 16432: 16431: 16429: 16424: 16423: 16421: 16416: 16415: 16413: 16408: 16407: 16405: 16400: 16399: 16397: 16396: 16394: 16390: 16381: 16378: 16375: 16372: 16369: 16366: 16363: 16360: 16357: 16354: 16351: 16348: 16345: 16342: 16339: 16336: 16335: 16333: 16332: 16330: 16328: 16324: 16321: 16318: 16312: 16305: 16301: 16291: 16288: 16284: 16281: 16280: 16279: 16276: 16274: 16270: 16267: 16265: 16262: 16260: 16257: 16256: 16254: 16252: 16248: 16240: 16236: 16233: 16231: 16228: 16227: 16226: 16223: 16219: 16216: 16215: 16214: 16211: 16206: 16205: 16203: 16199: 16196: 16195: 16194: 16191: 16186: 16183: 16180: 16179: 16177: 16176: 16174: 16172: 16168: 16165: 16162: 16157: 16153: 16143: 16142:Waqifite Shia 16140: 16135: 16134: 16133: 16130: 16126: 16122: 16119: 16118: 16117: 16114: 16110: 16106: 16103: 16102: 16101: 16098: 16096: 16093: 16092: 16090: 16088: 16083: 16075: 16072: 16068: 16067:Ishaq al-Turk 16065: 16061: 16058: 16054: 16051: 16049: 16046: 16045: 16044: 16041: 16040: 16039: 16036: 16032: 16029: 16028: 16027: 16024: 16023: 16021: 16020: 16019: 16016: 16009: 16008: 16006: 16001: 15996: 15994: 15991: 15990: 15988: 15985: 15984: 15982: 15981: 15980: 15976: 15973: 15969: 15966: 15965: 15964: 15961: 15960: 15958: 15956: 15950: 15942: 15938: 15935: 15933: 15929: 15925: 15922: 15920: 15916: 15913: 15912: 15911: 15908: 15904: 15901: 15897: 15894: 15890: 15887: 15883: 15880: 15878: 15875: 15873: 15870: 15869: 15868: 15865: 15864: 15863: 15860: 15859: 15858: 15855: 15851: 15847: 15843: 15839: 15836: 15834: 15830: 15826: 15825:Hamdan Qarmat 15823: 15822: 15821: 15818: 15814: 15811: 15810: 15809: 15806: 15805: 15803: 15801: 15797: 15793: 15785: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15772: 15769: 15768: 15767: 15764: 15760: 15756: 15752: 15748: 15745: 15743: 15739: 15735: 15732: 15731: 15730: 15727: 15723: 15722:Safavid Islam 15719: 15715: 15711: 15707: 15706:Sheikh Haydar 15704: 15703: 15702: 15699: 15695: 15692: 15688: 15685: 15683: 15680: 15679: 15678: 15675: 15674: 15673: 15670: 15669: 15667: 15665: 15661: 15657: 15654: 15652: 15648: 15644: 15640: 15636: 15632: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15612: 15611: 15610: 15607: 15603: 15600: 15598: 15595: 15591: 15588: 15587: 15586: 15583: 15581: 15578: 15576: 15573: 15571: 15568: 15567: 15566: 15563: 15562: 15560: 15558: 15554: 15551: 15549: 15545: 15531: 15527: 15524: 15522: 15518: 15514: 15511: 15509: 15505: 15501: 15498: 15497: 15496: 15493: 15492: 15491: 15488: 15482: 15478: 15475: 15474: 15473: 15470: 15468: 15465: 15464: 15463: 15460: 15459: 15457: 15454: 15449: 15445: 15437: 15434: 15432: 15429: 15425: 15422: 15418: 15415: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15404: 15403: 15400: 15396: 15393: 15391: 15388: 15386: 15383: 15381: 15378: 15377: 15376: 15373: 15369: 15365: 15362: 15361: 15360: 15357: 15356: 15355: 15352: 15350: 15347: 15346: 15345: 15342: 15338: 15335: 15333: 15330: 15328: 15325: 15324: 15323: 15320: 15316: 15313: 15312: 15310: 15309: 15307: 15304: 15299: 15298:Ahl al-Hadith 15295: 15292: 15290: 15286: 15282: 15278: 15273: 15269: 15255: 15252: 15250: 15247: 15246: 15243: 15233: 15232: 15228: 15224: 15222: 15221: 15217: 15213: 15211: 15210: 15206: 15202: 15200: 15199: 15195: 15194: 15192: 15188: 15182: 15181: 15177: 15175: 15172: 15170: 15169: 15165: 15163: 15162: 15158: 15156: 15155: 15151: 15149: 15148: 15144: 15143: 15141: 15139: 15135: 15129: 15128: 15124: 15122: 15121: 15117: 15115: 15114: 15110: 15108: 15107: 15103: 15101: 15100: 15096: 15094: 15093: 15089: 15087: 15086: 15082: 15080: 15079: 15075: 15073: 15072: 15068: 15066: 15065: 15061: 15059: 15058: 15054: 15052: 15051: 15047: 15045: 15044: 15040: 15039: 15037: 15035: 15031: 15028: 15024: 15014: 15011: 15009: 15006: 15004: 15001: 14999: 14996: 14994: 14991: 14990: 14988: 14986: 14985:Zaydi Shi'ism 14982: 14976: 14973: 14971: 14968: 14966: 14963: 14961: 14958: 14954: 14951: 14950: 14949: 14946: 14944: 14941: 14939: 14936: 14934: 14931: 14929: 14926: 14924: 14921: 14920: 14918: 14916: 14912: 14904: 14901: 14900: 14899: 14896: 14894: 14891: 14889: 14886: 14884: 14881: 14879: 14876: 14874: 14871: 14869: 14866: 14864: 14861: 14859: 14856: 14854: 14851: 14849: 14846: 14842: 14839: 14837: 14834: 14832: 14829: 14827: 14824: 14822: 14819: 14817: 14816:Musa al-Kazim 14814: 14812: 14809: 14807: 14804: 14802: 14801:Ali al-Sajjad 14799: 14797: 14794: 14792: 14791:Hasan ibn Ali 14789: 14787: 14784: 14783: 14782: 14779: 14778: 14776: 14774: 14770: 14762:Post-Salafism 14761: 14760: 14759: 14756: 14752: 14749: 14748: 14747: 14744: 14740: 14737: 14736: 14735: 14732: 14730: 14727: 14723: 14720: 14719: 14718: 14715: 14713: 14710: 14708: 14705: 14701: 14698: 14697: 14696: 14693: 14689: 14686: 14685: 14684: 14681: 14679: 14676: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14661: 14659: 14656: 14654: 14651: 14649: 14646: 14642: 14639: 14638: 14637: 14634: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14626:Ibn Taymiyyah 14624: 14623: 14621: 14619: 14615: 14607:Mustadrakīyya 14606: 14603: 14600: 14597: 14596: 14594: 14593: 14591: 14589: 14585: 14578: 14576: 14573: 14571: 14568: 14566: 14565:Amr ibn Ubayd 14563: 14561: 14558: 14554: 14551: 14550: 14549: 14546: 14543: 14540: 14537: 14534: 14531: 14528: 14525: 14522: 14519: 14516: 14513: 14510: 14507: 14506: 14504: 14501: 14496: 14492: 14485: 14481: 14477: 14473: 14469: 14468: 14466: 14464: 14460: 14453: 14449: 14446: 14442: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14430: 14428: 14424: 14420: 14417: 14413: 14410: 14409: 14407: 14405: 14401: 14390: 14389: 14388: 14385: 14384: 14383: 14380: 14376: 14373: 14372: 14371: 14368: 14367: 14365: 14363: 14359: 14353: 14350: 14348: 14345: 14343: 14340: 14338: 14335: 14333: 14330: 14328: 14325: 14323: 14320: 14318: 14315: 14313: 14310: 14308: 14305: 14303: 14300: 14298: 14295: 14293: 14290: 14288: 14285: 14283: 14280: 14278: 14275: 14273: 14270: 14268: 14265: 14263: 14260: 14258: 14255: 14253: 14250: 14248: 14245: 14243: 14240: 14238: 14235: 14233: 14230: 14228: 14225: 14223: 14220: 14218: 14215: 14213: 14210: 14208: 14205: 14203: 14200: 14198: 14195: 14194: 14192: 14189: 14184: 14180: 14173: 14169: 14166: 14163: 14159: 14156: 14153: 14149: 14146: 14145: 14143: 14141: 14138: 14134: 14128: 14125: 14123: 14120: 14118: 14115: 14113: 14110: 14108: 14105: 14103: 14100: 14098: 14095: 14093: 14090: 14088: 14085: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14075: 14073: 14070: 14068: 14065: 14063: 14060: 14058: 14055: 14053: 14050: 14048: 14045: 14043: 14040: 14038: 14035: 14033: 14030: 14028: 14025: 14023: 14020: 14018: 14015: 14013: 14010: 14008: 14005: 14003: 14000: 13998: 13995: 13993: 13990: 13988: 13985: 13983: 13980: 13978: 13975: 13973: 13970: 13968: 13965: 13963: 13960: 13958: 13955: 13953: 13950: 13948: 13945: 13943: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13928: 13925: 13923: 13920: 13918: 13915: 13913: 13910: 13908: 13905: 13903: 13900: 13899: 13897: 13894: 13889: 13885: 13882: 13880: 13876: 13866: 13863: 13861: 13858: 13856: 13853: 13852: 13850: 13848: 13844: 13838: 13835: 13833: 13830: 13828: 13825: 13824: 13822: 13820: 13816: 13810: 13807: 13805: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13791: 13789: 13787: 13783: 13777: 13774: 13772: 13769: 13767: 13764: 13763: 13761: 13759: 13755: 13752: 13748: 13744: 13736: 13734: 13731: 13728: 13727: 13723: 13719: 13715: 13708: 13703: 13701: 13696: 13694: 13689: 13688: 13685: 13674: 13671: 13669: 13666: 13664: 13663:United States 13661: 13659: 13656: 13654: 13651: 13649: 13646: 13644: 13641: 13639: 13636: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13609: 13606: 13604: 13601: 13599: 13596: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13571: 13569: 13566: 13564: 13561: 13559: 13556: 13554: 13551: 13549: 13546: 13544: 13541: 13539: 13536: 13534: 13531: 13529: 13526: 13524: 13521: 13519: 13516: 13514: 13511: 13509: 13506: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13496: 13494: 13491: 13489: 13486: 13484: 13481: 13479: 13476: 13474: 13471: 13469: 13466: 13464: 13461: 13459: 13456: 13454: 13451: 13449: 13446: 13444: 13441: 13439: 13436: 13434: 13431: 13429: 13426: 13424: 13421: 13418: 13409: 13404: 13402: 13397: 13395: 13390: 13389: 13386: 13370: 13366: 13362: 13357: 13345: 13341: 13336: 13324: 13320: 13316: 13312: 13311:www.iis.ac.uk 13308: 13303: 13291: 13287: 13283: 13279: 13275: 13271: 13270: 13259: 13255: 13251: 13247: 13243: 13239: 13235: 13231: 13227: 13222: 13218: 13214: 13210: 13205: 13202: 13198: 13192: 13188: 13183: 13179: 13173: 13169: 13164: 13160: 13154: 13149: 13148: 13142: 13138: 13134: 13128: 13124: 13120: 13119:Hamid Dabashi 13116: 13112: 13108: 13102: 13098: 13094: 13093: 13088: 13084: 13080: 13074: 13070: 13066: 13065:Momen, Moojan 13062: 13058: 13052: 13048: 13043: 13039: 13033: 13029: 13024: 13020: 13014: 13010: 13005: 13001: 12995: 12991: 12987: 12983: 12979: 12973: 12969: 12968: 12963: 12959: 12958: 12953: 12947: 12943: 12938: 12937: 12925: 12921: 12917: 12911: 12907: 12902: 12898: 12892: 12888: 12887:Shiʻite Islam 12883: 12879: 12873: 12869: 12868:Shiʻite Islam 12865: 12861: 12857: 12851: 12847: 12843: 12839: 12835: 12831: 12825: 12821: 12817: 12813: 12809: 12803: 12799: 12795: 12791: 12787: 12781: 12777: 12773: 12769: 12765: 12761: 12755: 12751: 12746: 12742: 12736: 12732: 12731: 12726: 12725:Corbin, Henry 12722: 12718: 12712: 12709:. MacMillan. 12708: 12704: 12699: 12687: 12686: 12681: 12677: 12671: 12667: 12663: 12659: 12655: 12654: 12640: 12636: 12632: 12623: 12619: 12615: 12606: 12602: 12601: 12593: 12585: 12581: 12577: 12573: 12568: 12563: 12558: 12553: 12549: 12545: 12541: 12540: 12535: 12528: 12509: 12505: 12498: 12492: 12476: 12472: 12466: 12450: 12446: 12439: 12423: 12419: 12418: 12413: 12406: 12398: 12394: 12390: 12384: 12377: 12373: 12372: 12367: 12361: 12355: 12354:0-8160-6577-2 12351: 12347: 12341: 12334: 12330: 12326: 12320: 12304: 12300: 12294: 12286: 12282: 12276: 12260: 12256: 12250: 12234: 12230: 12226: 12219: 12211: 12205: 12201: 12200: 12192: 12173: 12169: 12165: 12161: 12157: 12150: 12143: 12141: 12132: 12128: 12123: 12118: 12114: 12110: 12106: 12102: 12101: 12096: 12089: 12087: 12078: 12074: 12069: 12064: 12060: 12056: 12052: 12048: 12044: 12043: 12038: 12031: 12029: 12027: 12018: 12014: 12010: 12004: 11999: 11994: 11990: 11986: 11982: 11978: 11974: 11970: 11963: 11961: 11959: 11950: 11946: 11942: 11936: 11928: 11924: 11920: 11914: 11898: 11894: 11888: 11872: 11868: 11864: 11860: 11859:The Islamists 11856: 11849: 11847: 11845: 11836: 11832: 11828: 11822: 11818: 11814: 11810: 11806: 11802: 11798: 11791: 11789: 11787: 11771:on 2 May 2006 11770: 11766: 11760: 11753: 11747: 11739: 11735: 11728: 11720: 11714: 11710: 11703: 11696: 11690: 11683: 11677: 11669: 11665: 11661: 11655: 11647: 11643: 11637: 11629: 11623: 11619: 11618: 11610: 11602: 11596: 11592: 11587: 11586: 11577: 11569: 11565: 11561: 11555: 11547: 11546: 11538: 11530: 11523: 11515: 11511: 11505: 11489: 11485: 11481: 11475: 11459: 11455: 11451: 11450:"About Yemen" 11445: 11437: 11431: 11427: 11420: 11413: 11409: 11403: 11399: 11392: 11376: 11372: 11366: 11359: 11355: 11349: 11345: 11338: 11330: 11324: 11320: 11313: 11297: 11293: 11287: 11279: 11275: 11271: 11267: 11263: 11259: 11255: 11251: 11247: 11243: 11239: 11235: 11231: 11230: 11225: 11218: 11210: 11206: 11202: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11182: 11178: 11174: 11170: 11166: 11162: 11155: 11153: 11151: 11149: 11147: 11145: 11136: 11132: 11128: 11124: 11120: 11116: 11112: 11108: 11104: 11097: 11089: 11083: 11079: 11072: 11056: 11052: 11046: 11030: 11026: 11020: 11013: 11007: 10991: 10987: 10981: 10973: 10969: 10965: 10961: 10957: 10953: 10949: 10945: 10941: 10934: 10927: 10922: 10906: 10902: 10898: 10892: 10885: 10880: 10874:, p. 64. 10873: 10868: 10860: 10854: 10850: 10844: 10835: 10827: 10821: 10817: 10816: 10808: 10806: 10797: 10793: 10789: 10783: 10776: 10772: 10766: 10755: 10748: 10742: 10735: 10731: 10725: 10719:, p. 237 10718: 10713: 10706: 10702: 10698: 10692: 10685: 10680: 10671: 10663: 10657: 10653: 10652: 10644: 10628: 10624: 10618: 10614: 10613: 10608: 10601: 10593: 10586: 10579: 10573: 10565: 10561: 10555: 10547: 10540: 10532: 10525: 10523: 10514: 10508: 10500: 10493: 10485: 10479: 10475: 10474: 10466: 10464: 10455: 10448: 10440: 10433: 10425: 10424: 10419: 10413: 10397: 10393: 10392: 10384: 10376: 10370: 10366: 10365: 10357: 10341: 10337: 10331: 10327: 10326: 10318: 10310: 10304: 10300: 10299: 10291: 10283: 10279: 10275: 10268: 10252: 10248: 10242: 10238: 10237: 10233:Leonard Leo. 10229: 10222: 10218: 10214: 10210: 10203: 10187: 10183: 10176: 10160: 10156: 10149: 10142: 10130: 10126: 10122: 10120: 10115: 10114:"Afghanistan" 10109: 10102: 10101: 10085: 10081: 10074: 10068: 10061: 10060: 10044: 10040: 10036: 10034: 10026: 10020: 10012: 10006: 10003:. Routledge. 10002: 10001: 9993: 9982: 9978: 9977: 9969: 9963: 9955: 9954: 9949: 9943: 9927: 9923: 9917: 9909: 9903: 9899: 9895: 9889: 9881: 9877: 9873: 9867: 9851: 9847: 9841: 9839: 9832:, p. 277 9831: 9826: 9807: 9803: 9796: 9795: 9787: 9785: 9783: 9781: 9779: 9777: 9775: 9767: 9755: 9751: 9750: 9745: 9739: 9737: 9735: 9733: 9731: 9729: 9727: 9725: 9723: 9721: 9713: 9702: 9698: 9692: 9685: 9673: 9669: 9665: 9664: 9659: 9653: 9646: 9634: 9630: 9624: 9622: 9620: 9611: 9605: 9598: 9593: 9587:, p. 123 9586: 9581: 9574: 9568: 9552: 9548: 9542: 9538: 9537: 9529: 9513: 9509: 9505: 9501: 9495: 9491: 9490:Facts On File 9487: 9483: 9479: 9472: 9470: 9462: 9457: 9451: 9447: 9440: 9433: 9429: 9423: 9419: 9415: 9414: 9406: 9399: 9395: 9389: 9385: 9381: 9374: 9366: 9360: 9356: 9349: 9341: 9337: 9336: 9332:Ansari, N.H. 9328: 9312: 9308: 9302: 9286: 9282: 9278: 9272: 9264: 9258: 9255:. Macmillan. 9254: 9247: 9245: 9235: 9226: 9218: 9211: 9205:, p. 174 9204: 9199: 9197: 9187: 9185: 9168: 9164: 9160: 9154: 9152: 9143: 9139: 9135: 9131: 9124: 9116: 9112: 9108: 9102: 9095: 9090: 9086: 9085: 9077: 9068: 9060: 9058: 9049: 9041: 9040:تهذیب التهذیب 9035: 9027: 9023: 9017: 9010: 9009:0-85229-663-0 9006: 9000: 8984: 8980: 8974: 8958: 8954: 8950: 8944: 8936: 8932: 8926: 8922: 8921: 8913: 8905: 8901: 8897: 8893: 8889: 8885: 8879: 8877: 8860: 8856: 8850: 8843: 8839: 8833: 8817: 8816: 8808: 8802: 8798: 8792: 8785: 8779: 8770: 8761: 8752: 8743: 8727: 8723: 8719: 8713: 8698: 8693: 8685: 8683: 8674: 8668: 8664: 8657: 8655: 8639: 8635: 8628: 8626: 8617: 8613: 8607: 8603: 8602: 8594: 8586: 8580: 8576: 8575: 8567: 8559: 8553: 8546: 8533: 8529: 8525: 8518: 8510: 8504: 8488: 8484: 8480: 8476: 8472: 8465: 8449: 8445: 8439: 8431: 8425: 8421: 8420: 8412: 8404: 8398: 8394: 8393: 8385: 8377: 8373: 8367: 8359: 8352: 8344: 8338: 8334: 8333:Kitab al-Kafi 8327: 8325: 8323: 8321: 8313: 8312:Shiʻite Islam 8308: 8301: 8297: 8293: 8287: 8271: 8267: 8261: 8255: 8251: 8247: 8246: 8239: 8231: 8227: 8221: 8212: 8203: 8197:, p. 155 8196: 8191: 8185: 8179: 8163: 8159: 8155: 8149: 8142: 8136: 8128: 8122: 8118: 8117: 8109: 8107: 8090: 8086: 8080: 8064: 8060: 8054: 8047: 8043: 8037: 8035: 8033: 8025: 8024:0-87779-044-2 8021: 8015: 8013: 8011: 8009: 7992: 7988: 7981: 7979: 7971: 7966: 7950: 7946: 7940: 7924: 7920: 7914: 7906: 7900: 7896: 7889: 7887: 7885: 7883: 7881: 7879: 7877: 7870:, p. 218 7869: 7864: 7856: 7852: 7848: 7842: 7838: 7831: 7824: 7819: 7812: 7807: 7800: 7798: 7794: 7793:disappearance 7790: 7789:Islamic texts 7786: 7782: 7778: 7774: 7770: 7766: 7762: 7756: 7752: 7748: 7744: 7740: 7736: 7732: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7706: 7702: 7699:(3). Oxford: 7698: 7694: 7693: 7688: 7681: 7679: 7677: 7675: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7661: 7656: 7640: 7636: 7632: 7630: 7626: 7618: 7611: 7607: 7603: 7599: 7595: 7591: 7586: 7578: 7571: 7563: 7557: 7553: 7552: 7544: 7537: 7536:0-85229-663-0 7533: 7527: 7525: 7523: 7521: 7512: 7506: 7502: 7495: 7487: 7481: 7477: 7470: 7466: 7451: 7445: 7441: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7394:Shia crescent 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7314: 7309: 7303: 7298: 7295: 7284: 7281: 7275: 7270: 7263: 7261: 7257: 7253: 7249: 7245: 7244:Islamic State 7240: 7238: 7234: 7230: 7226: 7221: 7219: 7215: 7211: 7207: 7203: 7199: 7195: 7191: 7187: 7183: 7179: 7175: 7171: 7168: 7165: 7162:In 1514, the 7160: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7136: 7134: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7110: 7106: 7102: 7098: 7097:Musa al-Kazim 7094: 7090: 7086: 7082: 7077: 7071: 7067: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7049: 7045: 7042: 7038: 7034: 7030: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7014: 7010: 7006: 7002: 6998: 6993: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6971: 6970:Arab Cold War 6967: 6963: 6959: 6955: 6951: 6947: 6943: 6939: 6935: 6930: 6928: 6923: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6907: 6903: 6899: 6895: 6891: 6881: 6877: 6867: 6865: 6861: 6857: 6849: 6845: 6841: 6834:Jurisprudence 6831: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6817: 6816: 6810: 6805: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6782:Zayd ibn ʿAlī 6773: 6771: 6767: 6766:Zaydī Wāsiṭīs 6763: 6759: 6758:Zayd ibn ʿAlī 6755: 6754:Zaydī Shīʿism 6751: 6747: 6740: 6736: 6731: 6724: 6720: 6716: 6712: 6707: 6699: 6693: 6691: 6687: 6683: 6682:Dawudi Bohras 6679: 6675: 6671: 6667: 6666: 6661: 6660:Queen consort 6657: 6653: 6649: 6648: 6642: 6640: 6635: 6618: 6615: 6614: 6608: 6605: 6602: 6599: 6598: 6592: 6589: 6586: 6583: 6582: 6576: 6573: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6558: 6557:seven pillars 6547: 6545: 6544: 6539: 6535: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6518:Dawudi Bohras 6515: 6511: 6507: 6502: 6500: 6496: 6492: 6488: 6484: 6480: 6475: 6473: 6469: 6466: 6462: 6459:, began with 6458: 6454: 6450: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6437: 6433: 6429: 6425: 6421: 6417: 6413: 6408: 6406: 6402: 6401: 6396: 6395: 6391:. The proof ( 6390: 6385: 6384:Mongol period 6381: 6377: 6373: 6369: 6366: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6347:North America 6344: 6340: 6336: 6332: 6328: 6324: 6320: 6316: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6276: 6275: 6270: 6269:Dawudi Bohras 6266: 6262: 6258: 6250: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6234: 6232: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6216: 6212: 6208: 6204: 6200: 6196: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6175: 6174:Mūsā al-Kāẓim 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6146: 6138: 6132: 6131:of the time. 6130: 6129: 6124: 6120: 6117: 6113: 6109: 6105: 6101: 6097: 6096: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6078:Islamic state 6075: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6051: 6047: 6038: 6036: 6035: 6030: 6029: 6024: 6023: 6018: 6017: 6012: 6008: 6004: 6000: 5996: 5992: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5978: 5968: 5967: 5963: 5960: 5957: 5954: 5951: 5948: 5947: 5943: 5940: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5928: 5927: 5923: 5920: 5919: 5915: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5906: 5905: 5903: 5895: 5894: 5890: 5887: 5886: 5882: 5879: 5878: 5874: 5871: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5862: 5858: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5850: 5845: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5826: 5825: 5820: 5816: 5815: 5808: 5802: 5795:Jurisprudence 5792: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5777:divine decree 5774: 5770: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5752: 5748: 5744: 5738: 5734: 5730: 5718: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5707: 5703: 5702: 5701:Kitab al-Kafi 5698: 5695: 5691: 5690: 5686: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5657: 5656: 5652: 5649: 5645: 5644: 5640: 5637: 5636: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5624: 5621: 5617: 5616: 5612: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5604: 5594: 5592: 5588: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5531: 5521: 5519: 5518: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5485: 5479: 5475: 5469: 5454: 5439: 5438:Islam in Oman 5436: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5423: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5393: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5363: 5359: 5344: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5334:United States 5330: 5325: 5324: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5294: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5264: 5261: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5230: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5196: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5153: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5084: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5055: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5024: 5020: 5019:Alawites Shia 5005: 5002: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4950: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4879: 4875: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4844: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4814: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4780: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4749: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4730:Islam in Iran 4728: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4715: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4695: 4689: 4687: 4683: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4638: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4619: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4537: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4518: 4512: 4496: 4482: 4477: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4449: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4426: 4421: 4418: 4414: 4407: 4402: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4389: 4384: 4382: 4377: 4373: 4365: 4362: 4358: 4357: 4352: 4350: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4319: 4318: 4313: 4309: 4306: 4302: 4301: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4278: 4274: 4273:Ottoman Turks 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4220: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4173: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4125: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4115:Islamic Cairo 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4078:at its peak ( 4077: 4072: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4054: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4009:Mongol Empire 4006: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3982: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3944: 3940: 3937: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3913: 3903: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3880:Second Coming 3877: 3873: 3869: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3808: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3777:divine wisdom 3773: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3741:Taʿrikh Kabir 3738: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3702: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3680:Musa al-Kazim 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3650:divine decree 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3624: 3620: 3619:Islamic Cairo 3617:gate wall in 3616: 3611: 3604: 3600: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3563: 3557: 3555: 3554:Day of Ashura 3551: 3547: 3543: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3524: 3520: 3510: 3501: 3492: 3490: 3489: 3484: 3480: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3442: 3437: 3433: 3428: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3382:Hasan ibn Ali 3373: 3371: 3370: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3299: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3272: 3270: 3269: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3185: 3181: 3180: 3173: 3163: 3161: 3160: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3132: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3092: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3065: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2954: 2941: 2940: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2899: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2885: 2880: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2845:, brother of 2844: 2840: 2839:Day of Ashura 2836: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2822: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2782: 2777: 2776: 2771: 2770: 2765: 2764: 2759: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2735: 2726: 2724: 2721:According to 2709: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2670: 2668: 2667: 2666:Kitab al-Kafi 2662: 2658: 2654: 2653: 2648: 2644: 2641: 2633: 2630:Holy Relics ( 2627: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2589: 2578: 2576: 2575:Sunnī Muslims 2572: 2571: 2566: 2562: 2561:Dawoodi Bohra 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2541: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2524:and to apply 2523: 2522:Islamic state 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2495: 2492:according to 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2452: 2448: 2440: 2437:Occultation ( 2434: 2431: 2425: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2395: 2389: 2380: 2375: 2369: 2360: 2355: 2349: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2314:According to 2312: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2277:infallibility 2272: 2266: 2260: 2251: 2247: 2242: 2234: 2228: 2224: 2215: 2211: 2210: 2203: 2194: 2190: 2189: 2182: 2173: 2169: 2168: 2163: 2159: 2154: 2152: 2148: 2142: 2133: 2129: 2123: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2080: 2076: 2075: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2043: 2036: 2030: 2028: 2024: 2023:Eid Al Ghadir 2019: 2013: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1955: 1949: 1945: 1935: 1933: 1929: 1926: 1922: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1897: 1894: 1886: 1876: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1862: 1855: 1846: 1845: 1841: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1754: 1752: 1748: 1742: 1718: 1714: 1708: 1672: 1668: 1662: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1627: 1602: 1598: 1590: 1585: 1579: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1501:Shia subsects 1497: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1469: 1460: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1428:and consider 1427: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1408: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1385: 1376: 1372: 1367: 1361: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1323: 1302: 1291: 1286: 1284: 1279: 1277: 1272: 1271: 1269: 1268: 1263: 1253: 1252: 1251: 1250: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1233:Military laws 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1137: 1132: 1131: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1107: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1091:Proselytizing 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1010: 1007: 1005: 1002: 1001: 1000: 999:Denominations 997: 993: 990: 989: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 949: 946: 942: 937: 936: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 905: 902: 901: 897: 895: 894: 890: 888: 887: 883: 882: 879: 876: 874: 871: 870: 867: 862: 861: 854: 852: 848: 846: 844: 840: 839: 835: 832: 830: 828: 824: 822: 820: 816: 814: 812: 808: 807: 803: 802: 797: 796: 791: 790: 786: 784: 783: 779: 778: 772: 769: 767: 764: 763: 759: 758: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 737: 734: 731: 729: 726: 725: 722: 717: 716: 709: 706: 705: 702: 699: 697: 694: 693: 690: 687: 685: 682: 681: 678: 674: 671: 670: 667: 662: 661: 657: 653: 652: 649: 646: 645: 641: 637: 636: 626: 621: 619: 614: 612: 607: 606: 604: 603: 600: 595: 590: 589: 582: 579: 577: 574: 572: 569: 567: 564: 562: 559: 557: 554: 552: 549: 547: 544: 542: 539: 537: 534: 532: 529: 527: 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 504: 502: 499: 498: 492: 491: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 460: 457: 452: 451: 444: 441: 437: 434: 432: 429: 425: 422: 421: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 406: 405: 402: 396: 393: 391: 388: 387: 386: 383: 379: 376: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 345: 342: 341: 340: 339:Dawoodi Bohra 337: 336: 335: 332: 331: 330: 327: 326: 325: 322: 318: 315: 314: 313: 310: 306: 303: 301: 298: 296: 293: 292: 291: 288: 287: 284: 279: 278: 271: 268: 266: 263: 261: 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 222: 219: 214: 213: 206: 203: 201: 198: 196: 195:Eid al-Ghadir 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 167: 164: 159: 158: 151: 148: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 121: 118: 114: 111: 109: 106: 104: 101: 100: 99: 96: 94: 91: 89: 86: 84: 81: 79: 76: 75: 69: 68: 64: 60: 59: 55: 47: 41: 40: 37: 33: 19: 23198:Turkmenistan 23158:Saudi Arabia 22903:South Africa 22893:Sierra Leone 22698:Burkina Faso 22607:Names of God 22554:Unaffiliated 22509:Antireligion 22365:Universalism 22313:Assimilation 22178:Anthropology 22053:Supernatural 22048:Spirituality 22016:Sacred space 22004:Purification 21877:Denomination 21831: / 21639:Paleo-Balkan 21605:Mesopotamian 21445:Cook Islands 21416:Old Prussian 21329:UFO religion 21268: 21264:Zalmoxianism 21192:Neoshamanism 21049:Spiritualism 20932:Other ethnic 20821: 20647:Traditional 20607:Bongthingism 20495:Acoma Pueblo 20438:Mesoamerican 20135:Austronesian 19956: 19952:Neo-Buddhism 19884: 19880:Neo-Hinduism 19801:Swaminarayan 19639: 19588:Salvationist 19573:Confucianism 19424:Samaritanism 19394:Ali-Illahism 19375: 19301: 19242: 19236:Unitarianism 19177:Old Catholic 18984:Nestorianism 18942:Christianity 18929: 18895:Conservative 18686:Islamophobia 18551:Christianity 18499: 18432:Contemporary 18326:Architecture 18265: 18231: 18219: 18207: 18165: 18158: 18124: 18106: 18101:Nikah mut'ah 18099: 18092: 18085: 18078: 18071: 18064: 18028: 18016: 18009: 18002: 17995: 17975: 17968: 17961: 17954: 17867: 17654: 17590: 17514: 17496: 17489: 17433: 17426: 17419: 17412: 17405: 17398:Five Pillars 17375: 17341: 17330:God in Islam 17307: 17154:Other orders 17059: / 17052:Nur movement 17023: / 16980:Mirza Ghulam 16911:Tolu-e-Islam 16780:Galibi Order 16778: / 16758:Balım Sultan 16753:Babai revolt 16744:Qalandariyya 16742: / 16644:Mufaḍḍaliyya 16553:Jawārībīyya 16506:Umar ibn Zar 16475:Other Murjīs 16204:Bayhasīyyah 16121:Nuqta-yi Ula 15937:Pir Sadardin 15930: / 15844: / 15840: / 15757: / 15749: / 15736: / 15716: / 15712: / 15708: / 15565:Zayd ibn Ali 15547: 15515: / 15502: / 15453:Ilm al-Kalam 15366: / 15359:Ahl-i Hadith 15227:Umm al-kitab 15225: 15214: 15203: 15196: 15178: 15173: 15166: 15159: 15152: 15145: 15125: 15118: 15113:Fihi Ma Fihi 15111: 15104: 15097: 15090: 15083: 15076: 15069: 15062: 15055: 15048: 15041: 14781:Twelve Imams 14700:Ahl-i Hadith 14631:Ibnul Qayyim 14511:(Nazzāmīyya) 13992:Ibn al-Jawzi 13932:Al-Taftazani 13907:Al-Baqillani 13623:South Africa 13608:Sierra Leone 13598:Saudi Arabia 13483:Burkina Faso 13373:. Retrieved 13348:. Retrieved 13344:Al-Islam.org 13343: 13327:. Retrieved 13323:the original 13310: 13294:. Retrieved 13290:the original 13277: 13233: 13229: 13216: 13212: 13186: 13167: 13146: 13122: 13091: 13068: 13046: 13027: 13008: 12989: 12966: 12941: 12905: 12886: 12867: 12845: 12819: 12797: 12794:Lapidus, Ira 12775: 12749: 12729: 12706: 12702: 12692:11 September 12690:. Retrieved 12684: 12661: 12634: 12621: 12617: 12599: 12592: 12543: 12537: 12527: 12515:. Retrieved 12503: 12491: 12479:. Retrieved 12465: 12453:. Retrieved 12451:. London, UK 12449:The Guardian 12448: 12438: 12426:. Retrieved 12415: 12405: 12397:the original 12383: 12369: 12365: 12360: 12345: 12340: 12324: 12319: 12307:. Retrieved 12303:the original 12293: 12285:the original 12275: 12263:. Retrieved 12259:the original 12249: 12237:. Retrieved 12233:the original 12228: 12218: 12198: 12191: 12181:13 September 12179:. Retrieved 12159: 12155: 12104: 12098: 12050: 12046: 12040: 11976: 11944: 11935: 11922: 11913: 11901:. Retrieved 11887: 11875:. Retrieved 11858: 11800: 11773:. Retrieved 11769:the original 11759: 11751: 11746: 11737: 11727: 11708: 11702: 11694: 11689: 11681: 11676: 11663: 11654: 11636: 11616: 11609: 11584: 11576: 11564:hespress.com 11563: 11554: 11544: 11537: 11528: 11522: 11514:the original 11504: 11492:. Retrieved 11483: 11474: 11462:. Retrieved 11458:the original 11453: 11444: 11425: 11419: 11411: 11397: 11391: 11379:. Retrieved 11375:Arab America 11374: 11365: 11357: 11343: 11337: 11318: 11312: 11300:. Retrieved 11286: 11233: 11227: 11223: 11217: 11168: 11110: 11106: 11096: 11077: 11071: 11059:. Retrieved 11045: 11033:. Retrieved 11029:the original 11019: 11011: 11010:Nasr, Vali, 11006: 10994:. Retrieved 10980: 10947: 10943: 10933: 10921: 10909:. Retrieved 10905:the original 10900: 10891: 10879: 10872:Khalaji 2009 10867: 10848: 10843: 10834: 10814: 10791: 10782: 10765: 10741: 10724: 10717:Cornell 2007 10712: 10696: 10691: 10683: 10679: 10670: 10650: 10643: 10631:. 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Retrieved 9285:the original 9280: 9271: 9252: 9234: 9225: 9216: 9210: 9171:. Retrieved 9167:the original 9162: 9133: 9130:Ahl al-BMatt 9129: 9123: 9111:Al-Islam.org 9110: 9101: 9092: 9089:the original 9083: 9076: 9067: 9054: 9048: 9039: 9034: 9016: 8999: 8987:. Retrieved 8982: 8973: 8961:. Retrieved 8952: 8943: 8919: 8912: 8895: 8892:Ghadīr Khumm 8891: 8863:. Retrieved 8859:the original 8849: 8832: 8820:. Retrieved 8814: 8807: 8791: 8783: 8778: 8769: 8760: 8751: 8742: 8730:. Retrieved 8721: 8712: 8701:, retrieved 8696: 8662: 8642:, retrieved 8637: 8616:the original 8600: 8593: 8573: 8566: 8543: 8536:. Retrieved 8527: 8517: 8503: 8491:. Retrieved 8474: 8464: 8452:. Retrieved 8438: 8418: 8411: 8391: 8384: 8366: 8357: 8351: 8332: 8311: 8307: 8286: 8274:. Retrieved 8260: 8243: 8238: 8230:the original 8220: 8211: 8202: 8190: 8178: 8166:. Retrieved 8157: 8148: 8140: 8135: 8115: 8093:. Retrieved 8088: 8079: 8067:. Retrieved 8053: 7995:. Retrieved 7972:, p. 15 7965: 7953:. Retrieved 7939: 7927:. Retrieved 7913: 7894: 7868:Cornell 2007 7863: 7836: 7830: 7825:, p. 98 7818: 7813:, p. 97 7806: 7758: 7696: 7690: 7662:, p. 34 7655: 7643:. Retrieved 7634: 7628: 7624: 7617: 7609: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7593: 7589: 7585: 7575:Wehr, Hans. 7570: 7550: 7543: 7500: 7494: 7475: 7469: 7444: 7409:Shia nations 7322:Anti-Shi'ism 7294:Islam portal 7241: 7222: 7208:(1727–1818) 7161: 7137: 7114: 7085:Shāh Cherāgh 7032: 7008: 7004: 6994: 6990:Saudi Arabia 6965: 6931: 6888:) were Arab 6873: 6863: 6852:مجموع الفِقه 6844:Majmu'l Fiqh 6843: 6837: 6813: 6806: 6789: 6779: 6765: 6761: 6753: 6749: 6744: 6697: 6690:Alavi Bohras 6677: 6663: 6645: 6643: 6631: 6609:(Pilgrimage) 6555: 6553: 6541: 6537: 6526:Alavi Bohras 6503: 6497:, where the 6476: 6465:monotheistic 6446: 6439: 6435: 6409: 6398: 6397:) and gate ( 6392: 6379: 6362: 6323:South Africa 6295:Saudi Arabia 6272: 6260: 6254: 6230: 6222: 6214: 6206: 6190: 6184: 6178: 6153: 6148: 6136: 6126: 6125:, the Usuli 6116:Persian king 6108:Qajar Empire 6093: 6044: 6032: 6026: 6020: 6014: 6010: 5976: 5972: 5964: 5944: 5936: 5924: 5916: 5908: 5901: 5899: 5891: 5883: 5875: 5867: 5859: 5852: 5846: 5822: 5812: 5810: 5780: 5768: 5754: 5710: 5699: 5687: 5667:Besides the 5666: 5653: 5647: 5641: 5633: 5625: 5613: 5606: 5600: 5562: 5558: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5533: 5515: 5481: 5220: 5215: 5065:Saudi Arabia 4986:minorities. 4938: 4933: 4804: 4799: 4739: 4734: 4685: 4679: 4662:South Africa 4639: 4623:West Sumatra 4620: 4586:Saudi Arabia 4584: 4565: 4541:Muslim world 4538: 4523: 4470:Demographics 4392: 4386: 4380: 4375: 4369: 4354: 4348: 4315: 4297:Muslim world 4282: 4190:and then of 4188:North Africa 4131:North Africa 4038:Christianity 4029:Central Asia 4013:Genghis Khan 3915: 3891: 3865: 3860:Genghis Khan 3796: 3788: 3780: 3774: 3752: 3747:report that 3745:Kanzuʿl-Umma 3744: 3740: 3737:Abu Hurairah 3732: 3728: 3699: 3697: 3653: 3627: 3614: 3591: 3577: 3561: 3545: 3539: 3529: 3486: 3477: 3463: 3439: 3424: 3367: 3335: 3313: 3291: 3273: 3266: 3262: 3256: 3253:Ghadir Khumm 3250: 3231: 3218:Ghadir Khumm 3177: 3175: 3157: 3135: 3133: 3112: 3108: 3098: 3089:Anti-Shi'ism 3084: 3067:Most of the 3066: 3046:Sahla Mosque 2983: 2937: 2819: 2801: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2758:Muslims pray 2755: 2720: 2705: 2702:Ali al-Ridha 2689: 2687: 2671: 2664: 2650: 2645:, including 2637: 2631: 2617: 2587: 2584: 2568: 2542: 2534:Zaydī Shīʿas 2526:Islamic laws 2499: 2438: 2332: 2313: 2308: 2305:Zaydī Shīʿas 2284: 2283:, possessed 2245: 2244: 2232: 2207: 2186: 2165: 2161: 2155: 2146: 2136:علي ولي الله 2127: 2108: 2104: 2086: 2084: 2072: 2068:علي ولي الله 2062: 2034: 1984: 1966: 1965:over ʿAlī's 1932:Muslim world 1918: 1914: 1904: 1889: 1883:October 2022 1880: 1873:Please help 1869: 1858: 1787: 1771: 1755: 1716: 1712: 1670: 1666: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1596: 1574: 1521:Muslim world 1498: 1452: 1446: 1441: 1300: 1299: 1208:Islamophobia 1008: 987:Demographics 982:Circumcision 898: 891: 884: 850: 842: 826: 818: 810: 799: 793: 787: 780: 526:Umm al-Banin 255:Second Fitna 135:Intercession 125:Judgment Day 53: 36: 23649:New Zealand 23586:Saint Lucia 23536:El Salvador 23441:Switzerland 23376:Netherlands 23148:Philippines 23076:South Korea 23071:North Korea 22961:Afghanistan 22908:South Sudan 22798:Ivory Coast 22582:Deification 22529:Objectivism 22504:Agnosticism 22457:Persecution 22447:Video games 22412:Populations 22323:Proselytism 22291:Monasticism 22282:Clericalism 22272:Agriculture 22263:and society 22228:Soteriology 22188:Comparative 22158:Transtheism 22143:Panentheism 21927:Monasticism 21720:Gallo-Roman 21622:Micronesian 21588:Manichaeism 21536:Hermeticism 21504:Continental 21499:Anglo-Saxon 21379:Paleolithic 21374:Prehistoric 21324:Scientology 21187:Italo-Roman 21042:Radha Soami 21022:New Thought 20862:Espiritismo 20803:Waaqeffanna 20743:Fon and Ewe 20681:Sub-Saharan 20564:Satsana Phi 20350:Ghost Dance 20291:Californian 20259:Anishinaabe 20185:Karo Pemena 20164:Indonesian 19838:Lingayatism 19786:Mahanubhava 19756:Vaishnavism 19687:Jeungsanism 19610:Folk Taoism 19593:Xiantiandao 19447:Zoroastrian 19106:Charismatic 19101:Pentecostal 19064:Anglicanism 19015:Waldensians 18950:Catholicism 18556:Catholicism 18451:Other areas 18442:Theological 18437:Eschatology 18394:Mathematics 18331:Calligraphy 18261:Theological 18215:Inheritance 18132:Cleanliness 17504:Shi'a Imams 17498:Ahl al-Bayt 17105:Rashid Rida 16953:Independent 16938:Edip Yüksel 16901:Ahle Qur'an 16852:Nazzāmīyya 16849:Ikhshīdiyya 16836:Huzaylīyya 16827:Bahshamiyya 16803:Mā’marīyya 16795:Rationalism 16740:Malamatiyya 16660:Mānsūrīyya 16606:Khaṭṭābiyya 16537:Mu'shabbiha 16497:Sābit Kutna 16430:Sawbānīyya 16414:Gassānīyya 16398:Gaylānīyya 16392:Other sects 16187:Sa'labīyyah 16184:Maymunīyyah 16161:Arbitration 16043:Khurramites 16007:Sam‘ānīyya 15780:Bābā Rexheb 15710:Shah Ismail 15530:Millî Görüş 15448:Ahl ar-Ra'y 15390:Al-Uthaymin 15311:Kullabiyya 15289:Sunni Islam 15190:Independent 15034:Sunni books 14858:Shaykh Tusi 14831:Ali al-Hadi 14821:Ali al-Rida 14758:Yasir Qadhi 14663:Al-Uthaymin 14653:Rashid Rida 14648:Al-Shawkani 14544:(Jāhizīyya) 14529:(Jubbāīyya) 14433:Jawālikīyya 14287:Ali al-Qari 14202:Al-Sarakhsi 14188:Al-Maturidi 14062:Al-Sha'rani 14042:Ibn Khaldun 13917:Al-Qushayri 13879:Theologians 13860:Metaphysics 13766:Eschatology 13733:Theologians 13573:Netherlands 13533:Ivory Coast 13503:El Salvador 13423:Afghanistan 12986:Halm, Heinz 12768:Holt, P. M. 12624:(3): 75–96. 12567:10871/37355 12550:: 706–734. 12455:24 December 12371:Gharbzadegi 12115:: 305–335. 10926:Bohdan 2020 10884:Bohdan 2020 10052:1 September 10035:on Pakistan 9932:17 November 9658:"Religions" 9639:10 December 9557:10 February 8822:28 December 8538:12 November 7775:. ʿAlī and 7707:: 599–623. 7389:Shia clergy 7252:territories 7125:persecution 7066:Anti-Shiism 7009:Ansar Allah 6980:schools of 6890:Zaydī Shias 6741:(1644–1676) 6678:Dawr-e-Satr 6639:Aga Khan IV 6538:Dawr-e-Satr 6491:Al-Musta‘lī 6447:In 909 CE, 6343:New Zealand 6315:Afghanistan 6271:, led by a 6245:Aga Khan IV 6223:Ahl al-Bayt 6082:Occultation 6054:تشیع اخوانی 6007:Islamic law 5987:Occultation 5902:Furu ad-Din 5853:Usul ad-Din 5807:Shia clergy 5789:Occultation 5673:sacred text 5635:Prophethood 5607:Usul ad-Din 5589:(65%), and 5543:Shia Muslim 5142:~1,500,000 4960:Afghanistan 4768:25,272,000 4612:Zaydī Shias 4580:Afghanistan 4561:Middle East 4439:Middle East 4265:Ṣūfī Muslim 4253:Middle East 4137:, parts of 4083: 1100 3733:Ahl al-Bayt 3729:Ahl al-Bayt 3701:Ahl al-Bayt 3615:Bab al-Nasr 3601:during the 3592:Bab al-Nasr 3562:Ahl al-Bayt 3546:Ahl al-Bayt 3328:First Fitna 3300:(644–656). 3242:First Fitna 3222:MS Arab 161 3204:First Fitna 2974:Ali al-Rida 2939:Ahl al-Bayt 2914:Mid-Sha'ban 2816:Eid al-Adha 2807:Eid ul-Fitr 2652:Ahl al-Bayt 2619:Ahl al-Bayt 2502:Occultation 2411:perfect man 1920:Ahl al-Bayt 1877:if you can. 1584:Shīʿat ʿAlī 1571:Terminology 1454:Ahl al-Bayt 1422:Sunni Islam 1341:designated 886:Ahl al-Bayt 771:Foundations 456:Ahl al-Kisa 371:Qutbi Bohra 366:Alavi Bohra 344:Progressive 270:Persecution 250:First Fitna 205:Omar Koshan 190:Eid al-Adha 185:Eid al-Fitr 88:Prophethood 23814:Shia Islam 23639:Micronesia 23516:Costa Rica 23411:San Marino 23371:Montenegro 23351:Luxembourg 23208:Uzbekistan 23183:Tajikistan 23088:Kyrgyzstan 23061:Kazakhstan 23011:East Timor 22981:Bangladesh 22971:Azerbaijan 22888:Seychelles 22853:Mozambique 22838:Mauritania 22823:Madagascar 22713:Cape Verde 22495:irreligion 22490:Secularism 22392:Minorities 22360:Toleration 22355:Syncretism 22340:Fanaticism 22330:Disability 22318:Missionary 22308:Conversion 22296:Ordination 22218:Psychology 22213:Philosophy 22153:Polytheism 22133:Monotheism 22128:Henotheism 21969:Orthopraxy 21959:Ordination 21922:Meditation 21917:Indigenous 21882:Entheogens 21867:Conversion 21693:Pueblo III 21610:Babylonian 21600:Melanesian 21526:Gnosticism 21411:Lithuanian 21304:Fourth Way 21158:Circassian 21136:Dievturība 21059:Tensegrity 20992:Falun Gong 20637:Sanamahism 20617:Donyi-Polo 20207:Polynesian 20153:Kaharingan 20078:Burkhanism 20017:Ravidassia 19995:Śvetāmbara 19781:Pushtimarg 19761:Krishnaism 19697:Vietnamese 19682:Cheondoism 19615:Yao Taoism 19551:East Asian 19317:Isma'ilism 19273:Maturidism 19052:Mennonites 19047:Hutterites 19032:Anabaptism 18925:Humanistic 18616:Ex-Muslims 18501:Shu'ubiyya 18495:Psychology 18483:Literature 18473:Inventions 18419:Philosophy 18227:Leadership 18203:Honorifics 17858:Philosophy 17665:Isma'ilism 17626:Maturidism 17509:Caliphates 17480:Golden Age 17371:Revelation 17149:Süleymancı 17057:Said Nursî 17016:Mahdavīyya 16967:Messianism 16871:Sumamīyya 16861:Hābītīyya 16749:Baba Ishak 16691:Saba'īyya 16678:Mukhāmmīsa 16669:Mughīrīyya 16656:Ghurābīyya 16618:Bāzīghiyya 16586:Bārāq Bābā 16565:Hulmānīyya 16462:Ziyādīyya 16454:Ubaydīyya 16446:Shamrīyya 16438:Sālehīyya 16422:Tūmanīyya 16406:Yūnusīyya 16367:Sauwāqīyya 16343:Hakāiqīyya 16327:Karrāmīyya 16317:Hanafiyyah 16171:Kharijites 16109:Nuktawiyya 16060:al-Muqanna 16038:Muḥammirah 16026:Abu Muslim 16022:Rezāmīyya 15997:Hārithīyya 15989:Janāhiyya 15979:Hashimiyya 15953:Kaysanites 15900:Badakhshan 15833:Qarmatians 15820:Batiniyyah 15800:Isma'ilism 15771:Demir Bābā 15766:Baktāshism 15759:Bektashism 15738:ibn Nusayr 15734:al-Khaṣībī 15718:Kul Nesîmî 15714:Pir Sultan 15619:Khalafiyya 15614:Dukayniyya 15548:Shia Islam 15490:Maturidism 15412:Madkhalism 15315:Ibn Kullab 15138:Shia books 14688:Madkhalism 14588:Najjārīyya 14478:al-Qībtī ( 14452:Karramiyya 14448:Ibn Karram 14404:Mu'jassimā 14292:Al-Maydani 14282:Ali Qushji 14207:Al-Bazdawi 14183:Maturidism 14168:Al-Shafi'i 14037:Al-Baydawi 13997:Qadi Ayyad 13972:Ibn Tumart 13927:Al-Ghazali 13912:Al-Juwayni 13902:Al-Bayhaqi 13893:al-Ash'ari 13865:Philosophy 13786:Philosophy 13668:Uzbekistan 13638:Tajikistan 13453:Bangladesh 13443:Azerbaijan 12497:"Malaysia" 11923:Yahoo News 11903:7 February 10950:(3): 437. 10901:ایرنا پلاس 10633:13 October 10418:"Pakistan" 10257:24 October 9856:27 January 9830:Momen 1985 9706:18 January 9597:Momen 1985 9585:Momen 1985 9508:2008020716 9203:Momen 1985 8493:24 October 8195:Momen 1985 8158:Britannica 7997:22 January 7970:Momen 1985 7747:sc76000837 7431:References 7233:Tariq Aziz 7190:Christians 7046:group and 6940:rulers of 6912:(northern 6910:Tabaristan 6715:Gold dinar 6619:(Struggle) 6428:Qarmatians 6311:Tajikistan 6307:Uzbekistan 6233:) to God. 6209:) and the 6203:divine law 6145:Isma'ilism 6135:Ismāʿīlī ( 5921:(fasting); 5817:. In this 5765:divine law 5757:infallible 5643:Leadership 5615:Monotheism 5579:Azerbaijan 5240:Tajikistan 5074:2,000,000 5043:2,100,000 5008:2,400,000 4969:3,000,000 4924:Azerbaijan 4909:Alevi Shia 4874:Zaydi Shia 4557:Azerbaijan 4534:South Asia 4351:literature 4263:, and the 3995:Persianate 3939:Qarmatians 3517:Left: the 2976:, the 8th 2947:Holy sites 2698:Israelites 2045:Kalema at 1749:and other 1555:, and the 1533:Azerbaijan 1369:) and the 1301:Shia Islam 1076:Philosophy 813:(exegesis) 750:Pilgrimage 740:Almsgiving 511:Umm Salama 495:Holy women 83:Holy Books 78:Monotheism 54:Shia Islam 23757:Venezuela 23702:Argentina 23619:Australia 23571:Nicaragua 23546:Guatemala 23346:Lithuania 23168:Sri Lanka 23163:Singapore 23143:Palestine 23031:Indonesia 23021:Hong Kong 22843:Mauritius 22564:Overviews 22519:Criticism 22472:Sectarian 22462:Terrorism 22437:Theocracy 22382:Happiness 22350:Pluralism 22335:Education 22261:Religion 22233:Salvation 22223:Sociology 22168:Religious 22148:Pantheism 22138:Nontheism 22031:Mountains 22009:Sacrifice 21964:Orthodoxy 21954:Mythology 21949:Mysticism 21838:Behaviour 21747:Canaanite 21730:Mithraism 21698:Pueblo IV 21688:Pueblo II 21593:Mazdakism 21568:Hungarian 21541:Mysteries 21450:Dravidian 21232:Hungarian 21148:Caucasian 21119:Godianism 21079:Agni Yoga 21069:Theosophy 21032:Rastafari 21007:Modekngei 20987:Brahmoism 20980:Syncretic 20972:movements 20970:religious 20882:Quimbanda 20830:Candomblé 20823:Diasporic 20602:Bathouism 20592:Benzhuism 20507:Tsimshian 20458:Purépecha 20379:Longhouse 20354:Sun Dance 20286:Blackfoot 20274:Wabunowin 20269:Midewiwin 20190:Malaysian 20180:Kapitayan 19990:Digambara 19975:Ayyavazhi 19940:Vajrayana 19905:Theravada 19818:Ganapatya 19791:Ramanandi 19720:Hoahaoism 19598:Yiguandao 19493:Yarsanism 19488:Shabakism 19475:Yazdânism 19465:Zurvanism 19460:Mazdaznan 19419:Rastafari 19414:Mandaeism 19288:Wahhabism 19268:Ash'arism 19231:Tolstoyan 19221:Spiritual 19211:Mormonism 19182:Judaizers 19155:Quakerism 19133:Methodist 19123:Irvingism 19074:Calvinism 19027:Adventism 19010:Moravians 18847:Abrahamic 18733:Symbolism 18691:Incidents 18669:Criticism 18561:Mormonism 18458:Astrology 18384:Cosmology 18379:Astronomy 18321:Arabesque 18188:Etiquette 18147:Blasphemy 17937:Economics 17752:Ahmadiyya 17694:Muhakkima 17641:Wahhabism 17631:Mu'tazili 17616:Ash'arism 17077:Modernism 17009:Sabbatean 16997:Kabbalist 16975:Ahmadiyya 16906:Kala Kato 16879:Kā‘bīyya 16810:Bishriyya 16790:Muʿtazila 16718:al-Juhani 16711:Qadariyah 16581:Kalandars 16561:Hāshwīyya 16449:Abū Shamr 16382:Zarībīyya 16379:Wāhidīyya 16370:Sūramīyya 16364:Razīnīyya 16340:Dhīmmīyya 16309:Hasan ibn 16283:Wahbiyyah 16230:Abu Qurra 16156:Muhakkima 16100:Hurufiyya 16087:Mahdiists 16002:Riyāhīyya 15983:Hārbīyya 15924:Aga Khans 15919:Assassins 15882:Sulaymani 15846:ad-Darazi 15784:Hārābātīs 15701:Qizilbash 15694:Shaykhism 15570:Jarudiyya 15481:Al-Ahbash 15462:Ash'arism 15395:Al-Albani 15375:Wahhabism 15220:Ahmadiyya 15161:Al-Khisal 15071:Al-Irshad 15026:Key books 14673:Al-Albani 14641:Wahhabism 14495:Mu'tazila 14484:Qadariyah 14362:Mu'attila 14277:Ibn Kemal 14272:Khidr Bey 14152:Hanafiyah 14087:Al-Bahūtī 14082:Ibn Ashir 14047:Ibn Arafa 13942:Ibn Furak 13937:Al-Maziri 13888:Ash'arism 13855:Cosmology 13832:Cosmology 13827:Astronomy 13799:Education 13613:Singapore 13588:Palestine 13513:Indonesia 13438:Australia 13258:225510058 13250:1940-3461 12774:(1977a). 12727:(1993) . 12618:Discourse 12584:195448888 12576:1552-6526 12335:pp. 52–53 12229:The Times 12170:): 1–48. 12131:1573-0255 12077:2077-1444 12042:Religions 12017:1874-6691 11835:213121908 11254:0003-0279 11209:1874-6691 11135:170748666 11127:0021-0862 11035:8 January 10972:143672216 10964:0026-3206 10513:"Lebanon" 10346:14 August 10135:27 August 10093:27 August 9815:8 October 9760:25 August 9697:"Shīʿite" 9678:25 August 9478:"Baghdad" 9317:5 January 9291:28 August 9173:28 August 8989:14 August 8732:8 January 8703:8 January 8644:8 January 8634:"Najāsat" 8483:0099-9660 8454:26 August 8154:"Shīʿite" 8095:28 August 7955:12 August 7929:12 August 7781:the Imams 7769:successor 7731:0002-7189 7723:1477-4585 7461:Citations 7204:from the 7149:genocidal 6942:al-Yamama 6603:(Fasting) 6593:(Charity) 6532:, son of 6403:) of the 6339:Australia 6291:Palestine 6261:Ismāʿīlīs 6150:Ismāʿīlīs 6086:12th Imam 6066:Ibn Arabi 6041:Islamists 6034:Ayatollah 5983:12th Imam 5913:(prayer); 5842:Qizilbash 5492:Ismāʿīlīs 5442:~100,000 5412:~100,000 5382:~125,000 5347:~225,000 5313:~300,000 5283:~400,000 5249:~400,000 4608:Sulaymani 4601:Nakhawila 4233:Ismā'īl I 4184:al-Muʻizz 4113:Imam, in 4056:Bahmanids 3991:Ilkhanate 3985:al-Jazira 3906:Dynasties 3758:Arab clan 3684:Imam Reza 3636:, became 3634:Ismāʿīlīs 3590:, namely 3588:Old Cairo 3352:al-Zubayr 3332:civil war 3137:mujtahids 3034:Kadhimiya 2729:Practices 2681:, son of 2640:Abrahamic 2424:romanized 2388:romanized 2368:romanized 2354:malāʾikah 2348:romanized 2259:romanized 2012:romanized 1969:(grave), 1756:The term 1632:Shīʿiyyūn 1575:The word 1426:his death 1407:romanized 1360:romanized 1347:successor 1196:terrorism 1148:Criticism 1101:Sexuality 1071:Mysticism 1041:Festivals 1021:Education 1016:Economics 952:Academics 908:Caliphate 721:Practices 546:Shahrbanu 431:Qizilbash 23808:Category 23783:Category 23747:Suriname 23737:Paraguay 23722:Colombia 23629:Kiribati 23556:Honduras 23526:Dominica 23501:Barbados 23466:Scotland 23426:Slovenia 23421:Slovakia 23396:Portugal 23266:Bulgaria 23188:Thailand 23138:Pakistan 23118:Mongolia 23113:Maldives 23108:Malaysia 22996:Cambodia 22943:Zimbabwe 22918:Tanzania 22768:Ethiopia 22763:Eswatini 22743:Djibouti 22708:Cameroon 22693:Botswana 22637:Timeline 22632:Scholars 22592:Founders 22452:Violence 22407:Politics 22277:Business 22240:Theology 21984:Prophecy 21974:Paganism 21862:Covenant 21829:Apostasy 21764:Scythian 21705:Rapa Nui 21659:Thracian 21654:Illyrian 21644:Albanian 21615:Sumerian 21558:Harappan 21494:Germanic 21489:Georgian 21482:Selk'nam 21467:Etruscan 21455:Egyptian 21433:Druidism 21396:Armenian 21319:Satanism 21299:Eckankar 21222:Estonian 21207:Romanian 21197:Ossetian 21177:Germanic 21126:Armenian 21115:African 21108:paganism 21037:Sant Mat 21027:Rajneesh 21002:Meivazhi 20997:Japanese 20954:Siberian 20887:Santería 20857:Convince 20723:Bushongo 20627:Kiratism 20554:Hmongism 20421:Wocekiye 20406:Jivaroan 20374:Iroquois 20369:Ho-Chunk 20318:Cherokee 20241:American 20212:Hawaiian 20125:Sarnaism 20095:Tungusic 20083:Tengrism 20073:Mongolic 20002:Sarnaism 19933:Nichiren 19910:Mahayana 19897:Buddhism 19875:Sant Mat 19865:Sauraism 19860:Smartism 19855:Shaktism 19848:Balinese 19833:Kaumaram 19828:Kapalika 19823:Kashmiri 19808:Shaivism 19748:Hinduism 19715:Caodaism 19659:Ryukyuan 19654:Tenrikyo 19649:Shugendō 19627:Japanese 19498:Yazidism 19483:Ishikism 19361:Quranism 19334:Khawarij 19283:Salafism 19278:Atharism 19167:Esoteric 19138:Holiness 19128:Lutheran 19089:Reformed 19069:Baptists 19042:Brethren 19006:Hussites 18994:Assyrian 18910:Haymanot 18864:Orthodox 18813:Religion 18771:Category 18664:Islamism 18647:Muhammad 18603:Apostasy 18578:Hinduism 18468:Feminism 18399:Medicine 18239:Military 18193:Gambling 18142:Apostasy 18137:Criminal 18049:Marriage 18018:Tayammum 17970:Murabaha 17843:Madrasas 17833:Holidays 17823:Clothing 17818:Children 17813:Calendar 17764:Quranism 17698:Khawarij 17670:Alawites 17621:Atharism 17515:Rashidun 17354:In Islam 17349:Muhammad 17194:Tawakkul 17161:Tawassul 17123:Taṣawwuf 17045:doctrine 16893:Quranism 16682:Namiriya 16311:Muḥāmmad 16304:Murji'ah 16018:Rawendis 15941:Satpanth 15862:Musta'li 15857:Fatimids 15755:Hurufism 15742:Alawites 15647:Sects in 15639:Mahdiist 15575:Batriyya 15521:Deobandi 15472:Shafi'is 15407:Jihadism 15354:Salafism 15322:Hanbalis 15303:Atharism 15216:Malfūzāt 15154:Al-Amali 14751:Hazimism 14463:Murji'ah 14387:Jahmīyya 14375:Mu'jbira 13967:Ibn Aqil 13583:Pakistan 13563:Malaysia 13468:Botswana 13375:18 April 13369:Shafaqna 13219:: 64–79. 13143:(2007). 13121:(1989). 13089:(2013). 13067:(1985). 12988:(2004). 12964:(2011). 12924:59136662 12866:(1979). 12844:(2001). 12818:(1988). 12796:(2002). 12660:(2007). 12517:17 March 12508:Archived 12481:17 March 12475:Archived 12428:19 April 12422:Archived 12417:BBC News 12172:Archived 11975:(eds.). 11949:Archived 11945:NDTV.com 11927:Archived 11897:Archived 11871:Archived 11740:. Brill. 11668:Archived 11646:Archived 11568:Archived 11488:Archived 11381:13 April 11302:24 April 11296:Archived 11278:47785421 11270:12032032 11167:(eds.). 11055:Archived 10996:25 April 10990:Archived 10796:Archived 10754:Archived 10736:. p. 45. 10627:Archived 10396:Archived 10340:Archived 10282:Archived 10278:This Day 10251:Archived 10217:Archived 10192:21 March 10188:. London 10165:24 March 10159:Archived 10043:Archived 9981:Archived 9926:Archived 9880:Archived 9876:BBC News 9850:Archived 9754:Archived 9633:Archived 9575:, p. 49. 9551:Archived 9512:Archived 9486:New York 9382:(1994). 9115:Archived 9026:Archived 8983:BBC News 8957:Archived 8935:Archived 8786:, p. 23. 8726:Archived 8552:cite web 8487:Archived 8448:Archived 8376:Archived 8302:, p. 135 8270:Archived 8162:Archived 8143:, p. 47. 8063:Archived 7991:Archived 7949:Archived 7923:Archived 7855:59136662 7761:Muhammad 7739:24488178 7639:Archived 7317:Alawites 7266:See also 7178:Bektashi 7129:violence 7109:Muhammad 7044:militant 7041:Islamist 6922:Samanids 6906:Deylaman 6885:الأدارسة 6876:Idrisids 6870:Timeline 6776:Doctrine 6750:Zaydiyya 6670:Musta‘lī 6587:(Prayer) 6577:(Purity) 6512:and the 6483:Musta‘lī 6418:of Imam 6368:Ismāʿīlī 6283:Pakistan 6265:Aga Khan 6207:sharī'ah 6199:mystical 5869:Nubuwwah 5838:Bektashi 5597:Doctrine 5517:mujtahid 5490:and the 5484:Twelvers 5133:Tanzania 4759:Pakistan 4700:Article 4697:Country 4684:report, 4637:Sunnīs. 4605:Ismāʿīlī 4576:Pakistan 4417:Safavids 4388:mujtahid 4364:Muhammad 4267:ascetic 4198:and the 4127:Fatimids 4111:Ismāʿīlī 4034:Buddhism 3977:Uqaylids 3925:Idrisids 3900:Damascus 3717:Muhammad 3630:Twelvers 3579:Zulfiqar 3523:Arba'een 3364:Kharijis 3360:Muawiyah 3336:khilafāʾ 3293:rāshidūn 3280:Abū Bakr 3226:Ilkhanid 3109:Najāsat) 3105:impurity 2922:Sha'aban 2865:Damascus 2861:Arba'een 2855:Muharram 2837:and the 2792:Holidays 2647:Muhammad 2643:prophets 2632:Tabarruk 2494:Twelvers 2293:Ismāʿīlī 2188:Nubuwwah 2176:تَوْحِيد 2097:الشهادة‎ 1928:Muhammad 1859:require 1798:and the 1593:شيعة علي 1561:its laws 1509:Isma'ili 1442:rashidun 1438:rightful 1430:Abu Bakr 1339:Muhammad 1242:Glossary 1218:Jihadism 1191:Violence 1186:Islamism 1157:Muhammad 1143:Apostasy 1086:Politics 1036:Feminism 1031:Exorcism 992:Diaspora 977:Children 972:Calendar 900:Rashidun 878:Muhammad 873:Timeline 834:Mathnawi 696:Prophets 640:a series 638:Part of 463:Muhammad 419:Bektashi 395:Satpanth 329:Musta'li 324:Isma'ili 235:Mubahala 175:Arba'een 46:a series 44:Part of 23752:Uruguay 23727:Ecuador 23707:Bolivia 23684:Vanuatu 23611:Oceania 23561:Jamaica 23541:Grenada 23496:Bahamas 23456:England 23446:Ukraine 23401:Romania 23361:Moldova 23321:Ireland 23316:Iceland 23311:Hungary 23301:Germany 23291:Finland 23286:Estonia 23281:Denmark 23276:Czechia 23271:Croatia 23256:Belgium 23251:Belarus 23246:Austria 23241:Andorra 23236:Albania 23213:Vietnam 23123:Myanmar 23098:Lebanon 23016:Georgia 22976:Bahrain 22966:Armenia 22928:Tunisia 22898:Somalia 22883:Senegal 22868:Nigeria 22858:Namibia 22848:Morocco 22813:Liberia 22808:Lesotho 22758:Eritrea 22728:Comoros 22703:Burundi 22678:Algeria 22622:Outline 22587:Deities 22514:Atheism 22427:Science 22345:Freedom 22203:History 22170:studies 22123:Dualism 22113:Animism 22078:Worship 22058:Symbols 21999:Liturgy 21912:Goddess 21872:Deities 21853:Laicism 21843:Beliefs 21822:Aspects 21794:Zapotec 21789:Vainakh 21757:Yahwism 21742:Semitic 21671:Iranian 21573:Hurrian 21563:Hittite 21553:Guanche 21546:Orphism 21477:Fuegian 21472:Finnish 21460:Atenism 21406:Latvian 21391:Arabian 21334:Raëlism 21314:Jediism 21309:Goddess 21282:De novo 21170:Druidry 21064:Thelema 21017:New Age 20902:Umbanda 20793:Tumbuka 20778:Odinala 20763:Lugbara 20683:African 20649:African 20597:Bimoism 20587:Burmese 20433:Mapuche 20399:Wyandot 20359:Guarani 20340:Choctaw 20335:Chilote 20254:Alaskan 20249:Abenaki 20200:Tagalog 20173:Kejawèn 20022:Sikhism 19985:Jainism 19945:Tibetan 19928:Amidism 19796:Warkari 19710:Đạo Mẫu 19560:Chinese 19542:Eastern 19519:Roshani 19438:Iranian 19346:Alevism 19339:Ibadism 19312:Zaydism 18989:Ancient 18960:Eastern 18920:Renewal 18905:Karaite 18886:Zionist 18874:Hasidic 18856:Judaism 18838:Western 18718:Nursing 18679:Qutbism 18593:Sikhism 18588:Judaism 18583:Jainism 18573:Druzism 18409:Physics 18356:Pottery 18341:Gardens 18336:Carpets 18251:Slavery 18173:Divorce 18160:Dhabiĥa 17988:Hygiene 17963:Takaful 17945:Banking 17875:Science 17869:Qurbani 17838:Mosques 17798:Animals 17787:Culture 17721:Nukkari 17716:Azzabas 17703:Azariqa 17687:Zaydism 17675:Alevism 17551:Ottoman 17541:Almohad 17536:Fatimid 17531:Córdoba 17526:Abbasid 17521:Umayyad 17454:Leaders 17449:History 17407:Shahada 17322:Beliefs 17243:Shafi'i 17233:Hanbali 17199:Tewafuq 17179:Sadaqah 17140:Barelvi 17131:Ṭarīqah 16985:Qadiani 16958:beliefs 16728:Alevism 16575:Dimashq 16361:Nūnīyya 16355:Maʿīyya 16315:ibn al- 16290:Azzabas 16251:Ibadism 16239:Nukkari 16193:Azariqa 16178:Ajardi 16125:Bábīyya 16031:Sunpadh 15963:Mukhtār 15928:Nizaris 15903:Alevism 15877:Dawoodi 15867:Tayyibi 15829:Sevener 15808:Fathite 15682:Akhbari 15677:Ja'fari 15664:Twelver 15643:Shi'ite 15580:Imamate 15557:Zaydism 15508:Barelvi 15495:Hanafis 15467:Malikis 15436:Maqrizi 15385:Ibn Baz 15344:Zahiris 15106:Masnavi 14658:Ibn Baz 14472:Dimashq 14172:Shafi‘i 14102:'Illish 13837:Physics 13819:Science 13643:Tunisia 13618:Somalia 13603:Senegal 13578:Nigeria 13568:Morocco 13553:Lebanon 13458:Belgium 13448:Bahrain 13428:Algeria 13350:4 March 13329:4 March 13296:4 March 12990:Shiʻism 12650:Sources 12603:(PhD). 12546:(5–6). 12378:, 1982. 12061:: 483. 11877:8 March 11494:9 April 11464:9 April 11240:: 542. 10777:. p. 45 10707:. p. 40 10402:20 June 9956:. 2012. 9518:21 June 8963:18 June 8844:. p. 40 8699:, Brill 8640:, Brill 8168:21 July 8048:. p. 46 7795:of the 7755:1479270 7645:31 July 7598:Shiʻite 7448:A 2019 7250:in its 7198:Wahhabi 7194:Al Saud 7170:Selim I 7164:Ottoman 6978:Shāfiʿī 6918:Alavids 6898:Maghreb 6894:Idris I 6864:Hadawis 6746:Zaydism 6706:Zaydism 6696:Zaydī ( 6674:Ṭayyibi 6634:Nizārīs 6575:Taharah 6569:Walayah 6550:Pillars 6510:Ṭayyibi 6499:Iranian 6432:Bahrain 6363:In the 6154:Sevener 6137:Sevener 6095:ikhwani 6074:Akhbari 6050:Persian 6028:Allamah 6016:ijtihad 5830:Shaykhi 5769:sharīʿa 5627:Justice 5591:Lebanon 5585:(70%), 5583:Bahrain 5581:(85%), 5577:(90%), 5563:Jaʿfari 5551:Twelver 5530:Twelver 5524:Twelver 5512:jurists 5358:Detroit 5274:Germany 5206:Bahrain 5183:Ismaili 5094:Nigeria 5034:Lebanon 4901:~10–15 4666:Somalia 4635:Shāfiʿī 4595:in the 4593:Baharna 4590:Twelver 4553:Bahrain 4459:Muslims 4437:in the 4381:sharīʿa 4340:Akhbari 4333:Persian 4325:Persian 4241:Twelver 4235:of the 4151:Fāṭimah 4107:Fatimid 4050:Öljaitü 4025:Western 4001:khanate 3971:Iranian 3968:Twelver 3954:Bahrain 3946:Iranian 3943:Ismaili 3933:Morocco 3896:Messiah 3852:Öljaitü 3805:Imamate 3532:Karbala 3468:Isfahan 3298:ʿUthmān 3190:Origins 3166:History 3119:, with 3077:Wahhabi 3073:Al Saud 3071:by the 3042:Samarra 3006:Mashhad 3002:Karbala 2966:Mashhad 2894:Fāṭimah 2851:Karbala 2811:Ramadan 2775:Maghrib 2747:Karbala 2741:at the 2679:Solomon 2590:reports 2439:Ghaybah 2426:: 2401:as the 2390:: 2374:anbiyāʼ 2370:: 2350:: 2343:ملائِكة 2301:Fāṭimah 2289:Twelver 2273: 2261:: 2254:عِصْمَة 2225: 2204: 2183: 2162:Shahada 2143: 2124: 2107:states 2105:Shahada 2088:Shahada 2049:of the 2035:Shahada 2027:Fāṭimah 2018:khalifa 2014:: 1987:prophet 1861:cleanup 1834:Beliefs 1824:Abraham 1747:English 1717:Shīʿite 1711:), and 1671:Shīʿism 1541:Lebanon 1537:Bahrain 1470: 1418:Saqifah 1409:: 1386: 1366:khalifa 1362:: 1113:Slavery 1096:Science 1051:Madrasa 1046:Finance 957:Animals 945:society 941:Culture 913:Imamate 893:Sahabah 866:History 836:(Poems) 821:(creed) 745:Fasting 673:Oneness 666:Beliefs 334:Tayyibi 305:Shaykhi 295:Akhbari 290:Ja'fari 218:History 108:Twelver 103:Ismaili 98:Imamate 23793:Portal 23732:Guyana 23712:Brazil 23679:Tuvalu 23576:Panama 23566:Mexico 23511:Canada 23506:Belize 23436:Sweden 23416:Serbia 23406:Russia 23391:Poland 23386:Norway 23366:Monaco 23336:Latvia 23331:Kosovo 23306:Greece 23296:France 23228:Europe 23193:Turkey 23178:Taiwan 23083:Kuwait 23056:Jordan 23046:Israel 23006:Cyprus 22991:Brunei 22986:Bhutan 22938:Zambia 22933:Uganda 22873:Rwanda 22828:Malawi 22788:Guinea 22778:Gambia 22683:Angola 22670:Africa 22479:Wealth 22422:Schism 22377:Growth 22301:Priest 22286:Clergy 22105:Theism 22088:Nature 22083:Astral 22026:Groves 21994:Ritual 21979:Prayer 21937:Novice 21887:Ethnic 21812:Topics 21784:Urartu 21779:Tongan 21774:Somali 21769:Slavic 21649:Dacian 21428:Celtic 21423:Basque 21401:Baltic 21252:Udmurt 21217:Uralic 21212:Slavic 21165:Celtic 21153:Abkhaz 21141:Romuva 21131:Baltic 21106:Modern 20949:Papuan 20912:Voodoo 20867:Kumina 20808:Yoruba 20798:Urhobo 20768:Maasai 20753:Lotuko 20701:Baluba 20691:Akamba 20664:Berber 20622:Heraka 20612:Dongba 20490:Pueblo 20485:Pawnee 20475:Navajo 20465:Muisca 20428:Lenape 20416:Lakota 20394:Seneca 20384:Mohawk 20306:Ohlone 20281:Apache 20264:Ojibwe 20239:Native 20105:Manchu 20100:Evenki 20061:Altaic 20052:Ethnic 20027:Khalsa 19980:Kalash 19870:Śrauta 19739:Indian 19669:Korean 19635:Shinto 19605:Taoism 19578:Luoism 19404:Baháʼí 19399:Bábism 19351:Ahmadi 19329:Sufism 19322:Alawis 18972:Church 18900:Reform 18881:Modern 18869:Haredi 18530: 18488:poetry 18298: 18183:Ethics 18167:Dhimmi 18126:Baligh 18087:Mahram 18044:Family 18024:Toilet 18004:Miswak 17757:Lahori 17740:Najdat 17636:Salafi 17586:Seerah 17581:Tafsir 17576:Hadith 17546:Sokoto 17491:Sahaba 17366:Angels 17343:Tawhid 17300:topics 17248:Zahiri 17238:Maliki 17228:Hanafi 17204:Thawab 17184:Sunnah 17109:Other 17065:Hizmet 17029:Zikris 17000:Dönmes 16990:Lahori 16956:Muslim 16776:Rifa`i 16716:Ma'bad 16598:Tajsīm 16546:Tamsīl 16273:Ifrani 16213:Najdat 16116:Shayki 16085:Other 16053:Mazyar 15932:Khojas 15910:Nizari 15889:Hafizi 15850:Druzes 15831: 15775:Alians 15729:Ghulat 15209:Alawis 14476:Nabati 14441:Abdals 14423:Juzjan 14162:Maliki 13847:Sufism 13771:Ethics 13758:Aqidah 13750:Fields 13729:Fields 13648:Turkey 13548:Kuwait 13538:Jordan 13528:Israel 13488:Canada 13478:Brunei 13473:Brazil 13433:Angola 13315:London 13256: 13248: 13193: 13174: 13155: 13129: 13103: 13075: 13053: 13034: 13015: 12996: 12974: 12948: 12922: 12912: 12893: 12874: 12852: 12826: 12804: 12782: 12756: 12737: 12713: 12672: 12582: 12574: 12352: 12331: 12239:23 May 12206: 12129: 12109:Leiden 12075: 12015: 12005: 11985:Boston 11981:Leiden 11833: 11823: 11715: 11624: 11597: 11432: 11404: 11350: 11325: 11276: 11268: 11262:605981 11260: 11252: 11207: 11197: 11177:Boston 11173:Leiden 11133: 11125: 11084: 11061:1 June 10970: 10962: 10911:10 May 10855: 10822: 10773: 10732: 10703: 10658: 10619: 10548:. BBC. 10501:. BBC. 10480: 10441:. BBC. 10371: 10332: 10305: 10243: 10007: 9904: 9543: 9506: 9496: 9452: 9424: 9390: 9361: 9259: 9007: 8927: 8840: 8799: 8669: 8608: 8581: 8481: 8426: 8399: 8339: 8298: 8252: 8182:Quran 8123: 8044: 8022: 7901: 7853: 7843: 7753: 7745: 7737: 7729: 7721: 7629:Shiite 7610:Shiite 7602:Shiite 7596:, and 7558: 7534: 7507: 7482: 7202:Ikhwan 7174:Alevis 7167:sultan 7145:brutal 7127:, and 7089:Shiraz 7017:Sana'a 6974:Ḥanafī 6954:Sa'dah 6946:caliph 6934:Buyids 6908:, and 6880:Arabic 6858:, the 6848:Arabic 6815:Sayyid 6790:Sayyid 6762:Fivers 6752:or as 6721:, the 6688:, and 6656:Malika 6524:, and 6514:Ḥāfiẓi 6495:Alamut 6479:Nizārī 6380:taʾwīl 6365:Nizārī 6345:, and 6303:Jordan 6215:sunnah 6168:, the 6128:marjaʿ 6022:marjaʿ 6003:hadith 5893:Imamah 5861:Tawḥīd 5840:, and 5834:Alevis 5824:sunnah 5821:, the 5749:, and 5735:, and 5681:hadith 5569:, the 5502:, the 5488:Zaydīs 5448:<1 5418:<1 5388:<1 5353:<1 5350:~0.07 5319:<1 5289:<1 5255:<1 5225:<1 5187:Ahmadi 5178:<1 5175:20–25 5163:Kuwait 5148:<1 5109:<1 5106:<1 5049:<1 5021:sect. 4984:Hazara 4911:sect. 4889:Turkey 4876:sect. 4866:35–40 4836:1.3–2 4809:10–11 4744:37–40 4654:Sokoto 4631:Tabuik 4616:Najran 4572:Turkey 4568:Kuwait 4508: 4504: 4501: 4498: 4492: 4489: 4486: 4383:courts 4372:judges 4356:sunnah 4353:, and 4349:ḥadīth 4293:Persia 4172:Arabic 4147:Medina 4139:Arabia 4135:Levant 4133:, the 4042:Ghazan 4021:Hulagu 3998:Mongol 3964:Buyids 3848:Ghazan 3827:, and 3789:ḥikmah 3753:ḥadīth 3638:Imamis 3541:shahid 3488:bay'ah 3446:Medina 3434:: The 3388:, and 3350:, and 3348:Talhah 3316:Medina 3286:, and 3238:Fatima 3202:, and 3113:kitābῑ 3095:Purity 3081:Ikhwan 3052:, the 3048:, the 3044:, the 2992:, the 2990:Medina 2984:After 2886:, the 2875:Mawlid 2739:prayer 2706:Imamat 2690:Imamat 2659:, the 2608:, and 2588:ḥadīth 2504:is an 2463:, and 2415:Arabic 2379:Arabic 2363:أنبياء 2359:Arabic 2339:Arabic 2335:angels 2250:Arabic 2214:Arabic 2209:Imamah 2193:Arabic 2172:Arabic 2167:Tawḥīd 2132:Arabic 2113:Arabic 2101:Sunnīs 2093:Arabic 2003:Arabic 1999:caliph 1828:’Imrân 1780:caliph 1713:Shiite 1667:Shiism 1601:Arabic 1589:Arabic 1549:Turkey 1545:Kuwait 1535:, and 1515:, and 1482:Husayn 1459:Arabic 1449:Imamah 1434:caliph 1413:sahaba 1398:Arabic 1375:Arabic 1351:Arabic 1328:branch 1167:Hadith 1081:Poetry 1061:Mosque 1026:Ethics 851:Sharia 819:Aqidah 811:Tafsir 795:Hadith 789:Sunnah 733:Prayer 684:Angels 561:Narjis 501:Fatima 483:Husayn 473:Fatima 436:Ishiki 404:Ghulat 385:Nizari 378:Hafizi 317:Houthi 265:Origin 180:Mawlid 170:Ashura 140:Clergy 120:Angels 23717:Chile 23674:Tonga 23664:Samoa 23654:Palau 23644:Nauru 23551:Haiti 23471:Wales 23431:Spain 23356:Malta 23326:Italy 23218:Yemen 23173:Syria 23153:Qatar 23128:Nepal 23103:Macau 23066:Korea 23051:Japan 23026:India 23001:China 22913:Sudan 22863:Niger 22818:Libya 22803:Kenya 22783:Ghana 22773:Gabon 22748:Egypt 22688:Benin 22597:Index 22568:lists 22432:State 22250:Women 22118:Deism 22093:Place 22073:Water 22068:Truth 22036:Trees 21892:Faith 21857:Laity 21752:Punic 21710:Roman 21676:Vedic 21634:Olmec 21521:Greek 21514:Norse 21438:Irish 21259:Wicca 21054:Subud 20944:Inuit 20917:Winti 20907:Vodou 20872:Obeah 20852:Comfa 20835:Bantu 20788:Serer 20773:Mbuti 20733:Dogon 20728:Dinka 20711:Kongo 20706:Bantu 20632:Qiang 20522:Yaqui 20453:Olmec 20443:Aztec 20364:Haida 20301:Miwok 20296:Kuksu 20217:Māori 20148:Dayak 20069:Turko 20032:Sects 19968:Other 19923:Thiền 19507:Other 19409:Druze 19387:Other 19263:Sunni 19255:Islam 19037:Amish 18955:Latin 18652:Quran 18532:Other 18427:Early 18351:Music 18267:Kalam 18221:Jizya 18209:Hudud 18094:Nikah 18011:Najis 17997:Ghusl 17956:Sukuk 17885:Women 17853:Music 17828:Flags 17733:Sufri 17726:Wahbi 17711:Ibadi 17611:Sunni 17571:Quran 17428:Zakat 17414:Salah 17377:Qadar 17335:Allah 17298:Islam 17189:Taqwa 16573:ī ad- 16571:Fāris 16225:Sufri 16048:Babak 15872:Alavi 15838:Hamza 15796:Imami 15687:Usuli 15660:Imami 15651:Islam 15635:Imami 15417:Sahwa 14480:Murjī 14474:ī an- 14425:ī al- 14416:Balkh 14140:Sunni 14137:Early 13809:Peace 13804:Logic 13776:Kalam 13737:Books 13673:Yemen 13633:Syria 13628:Sudan 13593:Qatar 13558:Libya 13543:Kenya 13508:India 13498:Egypt 13493:China 13463:Benin 13254:S2CID 12580:S2CID 12511:(PDF) 12500:(PDF) 12309:4 May 12265:4 May 12175:(PDF) 12152:(PDF) 12107:(4). 12055:Basel 11831:S2CID 11775:4 May 11258:JSTOR 11236:(3). 11131:S2CID 10968:S2CID 10757:(PDF) 10750:(PDF) 10121:(CIA) 10087:(PDF) 10076:(PDF) 10046:(PDF) 10028:(PDF) 9984:(PDF) 9971:(PDF) 9809:(PDF) 9798:(PDF) 8865:4 May 8815:Shiʿi 8545:Qom.' 8276:4 May 8184:33:33 8069:4 May 7735:JSTOR 7719:eISSN 7590:Shiʻa 7436:Notes 7214:Najaf 7001:Yemen 6902:Gilan 6792:) of 6698:Fiver 6617:Jihad 6591:Zakāt 6585:Salat 6487:Nizār 6457:Druze 6420:Mahdi 6394:hujja 6327:China 6299:Yemen 6287:Syria 6279:India 6227:light 6221:(the 6193:zahīr 6186:bāṭin 6164:) to 6070:Usuli 5999:Quran 5966:Khums 5946:Jihād 5938:Zakāt 5931:Mecca 5910:Salat 5877:Muʿad 5669:Quran 5663:Books 5648:Imams 5559:Imami 5453:Ibadi 5415:~3.5 5403:Qatar 5385:~0.2 5286:~0.5 5221:65–70 5145:~2.5 5046:31.2 4999:Syria 4980:Tajik 4939:45–55 4904:~3–4 4854:Yemen 4839:9–14 4824:India 4805:55–65 4740:90–95 4670:Khoja 4658:Kenya 4511:Ibadi 4506:Shia 4495:Sunnī 4397:Usuli 4393:ulama 4344:Quran 4317:ulama 4196:Cairo 4192:Egypt 4143:Mecca 4119:Egypt 3929:Zaydi 3892:Masih 3884:Jesus 3868:Mahdi 3817:Mahdi 3762:Yemen 3688:Imams 3623:Egypt 3599:Manāt 3483:Yazid 3454:Yazid 3427:Ḥasan 3369:sujud 3344:Aisha 3263:mawla 3258:mawla 3179:hijra 3159:fatwa 2998:Najaf 2986:Mecca 2908:Rajab 2869:Safar 2847:Ḥasan 2786:Quran 2781:Isha' 2778:with 2766:with 2763:Dhuhr 2683:David 2675:Moses 2663:, in 2514:Mahdi 2490:Mahdi 2394:rusul 2309:ismah 2297:Imams 2285:ismah 2246:Ismah 2241:Ismah 2233:Ismah 2218:إمامة 2059:Egypt 2055:Cairo 2047:Qibla 2007:خليفة 1975:Najaf 1963:Ḍarīẖ 1915:Ummah 1796:Quran 1640:Shīʿa 1605:شيعيّ 1597:Shīʿī 1553:Yemen 1517:Alevi 1513:Zaydi 1478:Hasan 1416:) at 1402:صحابہ 1355:خليفة 1332:Islam 1213:Jihad 1162:Quran 1123:Women 1066:Music 1004:Sunni 853:(law) 801:Sirah 782:Quran 766:Texts 648:Islam 541:Rubab 478:Hasan 414:Alevi 409:Alawi 390:Khoja 312:Zaydi 300:Usuli 240:Khumm 113:Zaydi 23742:Peru 23624:Fiji 23521:Cuba 23133:Oman 23093:Laos 23041:Iraq 23036:Iran 22953:Asia 22923:Togo 22833:Mali 22723:Chad 22566:and 22493:and 22063:Text 22043:Soul 21932:Monk 21897:Fire 21578:Inca 21386:Ainu 21270:list 21247:Sámi 20877:Palo 20845:Ketu 20840:Jejé 20758:Lozi 20738:Efik 20716:Zulu 20696:Akan 20549:Ahom 20541:Miao 20539:and 20527:Zuni 20500:Hopi 20448:Maya 20345:Crow 20311:Pomo 19958:list 19915:Chan 19886:list 19843:Nath 19641:list 19377:list 19302:Shia 19244:list 18931:list 18313:Arts 18244:POWs 18178:Diet 18108:Zina 18080:Mahr 18066:Haya 18030:Wudu 17977:Riba 17890:LGBT 17782:Life 17655:Shia 17650:Sufi 17435:Hajj 17421:Sawm 15955:Shia 14352:Rumi 13794:‘Aql 13523:Iraq 13518:Iran 13377:2023 13352:2022 13331:2022 13298:2022 13246:ISSN 13191:ISBN 13172:ISBN 13153:ISBN 13127:ISBN 13101:ISBN 13073:ISBN 13051:ISBN 13032:ISBN 13013:ISBN 12994:ISBN 12972:ISBN 12946:ISBN 12920:OCLC 12910:ISBN 12891:ISBN 12872:ISBN 12850:ISBN 12824:ISBN 12802:ISBN 12780:ISBN 12754:ISBN 12735:ISBN 12711:ISBN 12694:2019 12670:ISBN 12635:Sada 12572:ISSN 12519:2014 12483:2014 12457:2007 12430:2015 12350:ISBN 12329:ISBN 12311:2011 12267:2011 12241:2010 12204:ISBN 12183:2020 12127:ISSN 12073:ISSN 12059:MDPI 12049:(8: 12013:ISSN 12003:ISBN 11983:and 11905:2015 11879:2022 11821:ISBN 11777:2011 11713:ISBN 11622:ISBN 11595:ISBN 11496:2015 11466:2015 11430:ISBN 11402:ISBN 11383:2020 11348:ISBN 11323:ISBN 11304:2007 11274:OCLC 11266:LCCN 11250:ISSN 11205:ISSN 11195:ISBN 11175:and 11123:ISSN 11082:ISBN 11063:2007 11037:2007 10998:2007 10960:ISSN 10913:2022 10853:ISBN 10820:ISBN 10771:ISBN 10730:ISBN 10701:ISBN 10656:ISBN 10635:2015 10617:ISBN 10478:ISBN 10404:2015 10369:ISBN 10348:2012 10330:ISBN 10303:ISBN 10259:2012 10241:ISBN 10194:2010 10167:2009 10137:2010 10095:2010 10054:2010 10005:ISBN 9934:2010 9902:ISBN 9858:2014 9817:2009 9762:2010 9708:2022 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