234:(both bullet and propellant in one easily interchangeable unit) made these designs viable. The earliest mention of recoil operation in the British patent literature is a patent by Joseph Whitworth filed in 1855 which proposed to use recoil to partially open the breech of a rifle, the breech then being manually pulled the rest of the way back by hand. Around this time, an American by the name of Regulus Pilon is sometimes stated to have patented in Britain a gun that used a limited form of recoil operation. He had three British patents related to firearms around the 1850s to the 1860s; however, all of them refer to a means of dampening recoil in firearms, which wasn't a new idea at the time, rather than true recoil operation. The next to mention recoil operation in the British patent literature is by Alexander Blakely in 1862, who clearly describes using the recoil of a fired cannon to open the breech. In 1864 after the
574:, developed by Carl Axel Theodor Sjögren in the early 1900s, a Swedish engineer who was awarded a number of patents for his inertia operated design between 1900 and 1908 and sold about 5,000 automatic shotguns using the system in 1908–1909. In a reversal of the other designs, some inertia systems use nearly the entire firearm as the recoiling component, with only the bolt remaining stationary during firing. Because of this, the inertia system is only applied to heavily recoiling firearms, particularly shotguns. A similar system using inertia operation was then developed by Paolo Benelli in the early 1980s and patented in 1986. With the exception of Sjögren's shotguns and rifles in the early 1900s, all inertia-operated firearms made until 2012 were either made by
238:, Denmark started a program intended to develop a gun that used the recoil of a fired shot to reload the firearm, though a working model wouldn't be produced until 1888. Later in the 1870s, a Swedish captain called D. H. Friberg patented a design which introduced both flapper-locking and the fully automatic recoil operated machine gun. Furthermore, in 1875 a means of cocking a rifle through recoil was patented through the patent agent Frank Wirth by a German called Otto Emmerich. Finally came Maxim's 1883 automatic recoil operated machine gun which introduced the modern age of automatic machine guns.
77:
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position in a rest or with the stock against the ground will not allow it to recoil sufficiently to operate the mechanism. Likewise, care must be exercised when modifying weapons of this type (e.g. addition of extended magazines or ammunition storage on the stock), as any sizable increase in weapon mass can reduce the work done from recoil below that required to cycle the action.
230:
automatic gun that dates from the same year, but its type and method of operation are unknown. Recoil-operation, if it was invented in 1663, would then lie dormant until the 19th century, when a number of inventors started to patent designs featuring recoil operation; this was due to the fact that the integrated disposable
375:
forward by its spring. The bolt is held in position until the barrel returns completely forward during which time the spent cartridge has been extracted and ejected, and a new shell has been positioned from the magazine. The bolt is released and forced closed by its recoil spring, chambering a fresh round.
347:
812:"The History of the Royal Society of London for Improving of Natural Knowledge, from Its First Rise: In which the Most Considerable of Those Papers Communicated to the Society, which Have Hitherto Not Been Published, are Inserted in Their Proper Order, as a Supplement to the Philosophical Transactions"
690:
use recoil to cock the hammer and advance the cylinder. In these designs, the barrel and cylinder are affixed to an upper frame which recoils atop a sub-frame. As the upper receiver recoils, the cylinder is advanced and hammer cocked, functions that are usually done manually. Notable examples are the
610:
As the recoil spring returns to its uncompressed state, it pushes the bolt body backward with sufficient force to cycle the action. The bolt body unlocks and retracts the bolt head, extracts and ejects the cartridge, cocks the hammer, and compresses the return spring. Once the bolt reaches the end of
308:
holds another portion motionless relative to a mass such as the ground, a ship's gun mount, or a human holding the firearm. The moving and the motionless masses are coupled by a spring that absorbs the recoil energy as it is compressed by the movement and then expands providing energy for the rest of
593:
Before firing, the bolt body is separated from the locked bolt head by a stiff spring. As the shotgun recoils after firing, inertia of the bolt body is large enough for it to remain stationary while the recoiling gun and locked bolt head move rearward. This movement compresses the spring between the
374:
action. In 1885 a locked breech, long recoil action was patented by the
Britons Schlund and Arthur. In a long recoil action, the barrel and bolt remain locked together during recoil, compressing the recoil springs. Following this rearward movement, the bolt locks to the rear and the barrel is forced
229:
The earliest mention of recoil used to assist the loading of firearms is sometimes claimed to be in 1663 when an
Englishman called Palmer proposed to employ either it or gases tapped along a barrel to do so. However no one has been able to verify this claim in recent times, although there is another
460:
method of operation. Short recoil operation differs from long recoil operation in that the barrel and bolt recoil together only a short distance before they unlock and separate. The barrel stops quickly, and the bolt continues rearward, compressing the recoil spring and performing the automated
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to be used, from standard to magnum loads, as long as they provide the minimum recoil level to compress the spring. Note that the shotgun must be free to recoil for this to work—the compressibility of the shooter's body is sufficient to allow this movement, but firing the shotgun from a secure
603:
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bolt head and bolt body, storing the energy required to cycle the action. Since the spring can only be compressed a certain amount, this limits the amount of force the spring can absorb, and provides an inherent level of self-regulation to the action, allowing a wide range of
436:
The barrel from a Para
Ordnance P12.45, an M1911-derived design which uses short recoil operation. Under recoil, the barrel moves back in the frame, rotating the link (shown in the unlocked position), which causes the rear of the barrel to tip down and disengage from the
659:, use a mechanism at the muzzle to extract some energy from the escaping powder gases to push the barrel backwards, in addition to the recoil energy. This boost provides higher rates of fire and/or more reliable operation. This type of mechanism is also found in some
321:
design with factory springs is optimized for a 230-grain (15 g) bullet at factory velocity. Changes in caliber or drastic changes in bullet weight and/or velocity require modifications to spring weight or slide mass to compensate. Similarly the use of
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must generate sufficient recoil to provide that momentum. Therefore, recoil-operated firearms work best with a cartridge that yields a momentum approximately equal to that for which the mechanism was optimized. For example, the
464:
The method of locking and unlocking the barrel differentiates the wide array of short recoil designs. Most common are the John
Browning tilting barrel designs based on either the swinging link and locking lugs as used in the
303:
is a moving part of the action in recoil-operated firearms. In non-recoil-operated firearms, it is generally the entire firearm that recoils. However, in recoil-operated firearms, only a portion of the firearm recoils while
623:
Upon firing, the firearm recoils backwards into the shooter's body. The inertial mass remains stationary, compressing a spring. The bolt remains locked to the barrel, which in turn is rigidly attached to the
671:, where it is used to compensate for the extra mass the suppressor adds to the recoiling parts both by providing a boost and decoupling some of the suppressor's mass from the firearm's recoiling parts.
906:
Patents for inventions. Abridgments of specifications relating to fire-arms, ammunition, &c. Division I. Fire-arms and similar weapons ... Printed by order of the
Commissioners of patents
1003:
520:
heavy machine gun which has been in service with the
Russian military and Middle Eastern armed forces since 1949. Melvin Johnson also used the short recoil principle in his
378:
The long recoil system was invented in the late 19th century and dominated the automatic shotgun market for more than half that century before it was supplanted by new
390:, which shares both the original Browning action design, and the "humpbacked" appearance of the original Auto-5. Other weapons based on the Browning system were the
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to normalize the recoil force of a blank round (with no projectile) with the greater force of a live round, in order to allow the mechanism to cycle properly.
160:
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extraction and feeding process. During the last portion of its forward travel, the bolt locks into the barrel and pushes the barrel back into battery.
827:"Abridgments of the Specifications Relating to Fire-arms and Other Weapons, Ammunition, and Accoutrements: A.D. 1588-1858]-Pt. II. A.D. 1858-1866"
552:
Upon firing, bolt and barrel recoil backwards a short distance while locked together. Near the end of the barrel travel, the bolt and barrel unlock.
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firearms lack the use of a bolt but instead a moving barrel that gets dragged forward by the bullet until it leaves the barrel to cycle its action.
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3011:
516:. It used a toggle bolt similar to the one Borchardt later adapted to pistols. Vladimirov also used the short recoil principle in the Soviet
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147:
529:
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An alternative design concept for recoil-operated firearms is the inertia operated system, the first practical use of it being the
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The barrel stops, but the unlocked bolt continues to move to the rear, ejecting the empty shell and compressing the recoil spring.
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While the short recoil design is most common in pistols, the very first short-recoil–operated firearm was also the first
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its travel, the return spring provides the force to chamber the next round from the magazine, and lock the bolt closed.
1134:
840:
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931:
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776:
769:
Hatcher's
Notebook, A Standard Reference Book for, Shooters, Gunsmiths, Ballistics, Historians, Hunter and Collectors
397:(1906), the Remington Model 11 & "The Sportsman" model (a model 11 with only a two-shell magazine) shotguns, the
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1079:, Engineering Design Handbook: Guns Series, United States Army Materiel Command, AMCP 706-260, archived from
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firearms uses an operation that delays the bolt opening until the gas pressure is at a safe level to extract.
582:
introduced the inertia-operated A5 (trademarked as
Kinematic Drive) as successor to the long-recoil operated
420:
Bolt is held to rear, while barrel unlocks and returns to battery under spring force. Fired round is ejected.
2559:
283:
also cause all or a portion of the firearm to move in the opposite direction. The result is required by the
3454:
3438:
3303:
3258:
586:. Both the Benelli and Browning systems are based on a rotating locking bolt, similar to that used in many
17:
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firearms use the expanding gas impinging on the cartridge itself to push the bolt of the firearm rearward.
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1998:
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The compressed spring forces the inertial mass rearwards until it transfers its momentum to the bolt.
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The bolt unlocks and moves to the rear, ejecting the fired round and compressing the return spring.
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Recoil of firing forces bolt and barrel fully to the rear, compressing the return springs for both.
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85:
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Bolt returns under spring force, loads new round. Barrel locks in place as it returns to battery.
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The shooter recovers from the shot, moving the firearm forward into position for the next shot.
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Since there is a minimum momentum required to operate a recoil-operated firearm's action, the
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2003:
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firearms tap off a small amount of the expanding gas to power the moving parts of the action.
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The bolt returns to battery under spring force, loading a new round and locking into place.
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8:
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1109:, Animations and explanations of (short) recoil operation principle at howstuffworks.com
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1953:
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448:, being found in nearly all weapons chambered for high-pressure pistol cartridges of
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280:
857:[Last shot from the Danish machine gun Madsen]. 3 April 2008. Archived from
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Recoil-operated designs are broadly categorized by how the parts move under recoil.
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1978:
1926:
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rifle, other rifles using short recoil are LWRCI SMG 45and LoneStar Future
Weapons
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The bolt returns forward under spring force, loading a new round into the barrel.
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1958:
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or used a design licensed from
Benelli, such as the Franchi Affinity. Then the
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973:"This Rifle Fires Plastic Ammo; The US Army Almost Adopted it. - YouTube"
620:
Ready to fire position. Bolt is locked to barrel, both are fully forward.
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Ready to fire position. Bolt is locked to barrel, both are fully forward.
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Ready to fire position. Bolt is locked to barrel, both are fully forward.
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designs. While Browning halted production of the Auto-5 design in 1999,
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such that the ejecta momentum and recoiling momentum are equal. These
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909:. Published and sold at the Commissioners of patents sale department.
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544:
Block diagram of short recoil operation cycle. See diagram key above.
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841:"English Patents of Inventions, Specifications: 1862, 3354 - 3419"
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will typically cause the mechanism not to work correctly, unless
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Muzzle boosters are also used on some recoil-operated firearms'
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Ejecta mass × ejecta velocity = recoiling mass × recoil velocity
138:
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1372:
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Block diagram of inertia operation cycle, see diagram key above
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Bolt locks into barrel, and forces barrel to return to battery.
210:
1824:
1819:
1804:
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1455:
876:
The complete illustrated encyclopedia of the world's firearms
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474:
318:
486:
477:. Other designs are the locking block design found in the
350:
Key for recoil operation diagrams. Gun fires to the right.
1809:
1769:
1198:
1183:
1142:
825:
Patent Office, Great Britain; Woodcroft, Bennet (1859).
651:
Some short-recoil–operated firearms, such as the German
3118:
824:
275:
of a firearm (the projectile(s), propellant gas, wad,
1072:
1010:[Sjögren's semi-automatic - an odd classic].
386:
still makes a long-recoil–operated shotgun line, the
452:
and larger, while low-pressure pistol cartridges of
923:A History of Firearms: From Earliest Times to 1914
873:
3495:
3439:Small Arms & Light Weapons (SALW)
1046:Forgottenweapons.com. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
855:"Sidste skud fra det danske maskingevær Madsen"
441:The short recoil action dominates the world of
663:used on short recoil firearms, under the name
469:pistol or the linkless cam design used in the
260:ANIMATION Browning AUTO 5 "cycle of one shoot"
1128:
358:Block diagram of long recoil operation cycle.
209:. Recoil operated firearms use the energy of
1842:
702:
362:Long recoil operation is found primarily in
201:is an operating mechanism used to implement
2651:
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1135:
1121:
1073:Army Materiel Command (February 5, 1970),
221:using the pressure of the propellant gas.
1006:Sjögrens halvautomat - en udda klassiker"
793:"HyperWar: The Machine Gun (Vol. /Part )"
186:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
601:
539:
431:
353:
345:
163:of all important aspects of the article.
84:This article includes a list of general
766:
14:
3496:
919:
681:
493:and others. An unusual variant is the
159:Please consider expanding the lead to
3117:
2650:
1841:
1221:
1220:
1116:
809:
767:Hatcher, Julian S. (1 January 1948).
871:
132:
70:
29:
981:. 2024-07-18. 05:02. Archived from
489:, or a rotating barrel used in the
213:to cycle the action, as opposed to
24:
90:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3525:
1088:
640:
45:This article has multiple issues.
920:Carman, W. Y. (5 October 2015).
401:line of pistols (1907), and the
254:
137:
75:
34:
1066:
1049:
1033:
1014:. 27 April 2010. Archived from
996:
965:
940:
707:Other autoloading systems are:
427:
330:is fitted to boost the recoil.
271:The same forces that cause the
151:may be too short to adequately
53:or discuss these issues on the
1101:How Does it Work: Short Recoil
913:
897:
865:
847:
833:
818:
803:
785:
760:
456:and smaller generally use the
341:
161:provide an accessible overview
13:
1:
3304:Firearms by country
3219:Civilian Marksmanship Program
1095:How Does it Work: Long Recoil
753:
366:, particularly ones based on
333:
950:. 2024-08-11. Archived from
7:
3475:Federal Assault Weapons Ban
3373:Campaign Against Arms Trade
736:
10:
3530:
3429:High-capacity magazine ban
2555:Mean time between failures
644:
565:
224:
3447:
3397:
3388:
3349:
3277:
3229:
3158:Household ownership rates
3138:
3113:
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2892:
2837:
2828:
2744:
2672:
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2487:
2426:
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1860:
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1167:
1163:
703:Other autoloading systems
615:Cycle diagram explanation
536:Cycle diagram explanation
522:M1941 Johnson machine gun
409:Cycle diagram explanation
279:, etc.) to move down the
253:
248:
241:
880:. A & W Publishers.
676:blank-firing attachments
501:and its descendant, the
405:automatic rifle (1915).
285:conservation of momentum
3459:by U.S. state
2869:Overpressure ammunition
2804:Improved Military Rifle
2510:Circular error probable
1429:Personal defence weapon
105:more precise citations.
3153:Civilian gun ownership
2682:Firing (Shooting)
810:Birch, Thomas (1756).
771:. Martino Fine Books.
607:
545:
446:semi-automatic pistols
438:
359:
351:
27:Type of firearm action
2627:Handgun effectiveness
2560:Minute of Angle (MOA)
2436:Ballistic coefficient
1412:Semi-automatic pistol
1057:U.S. patent 4,604,942
872:Hogg, Ian V. (1978).
605:
580:Browning Arms Company
543:
435:
357:
349:
309:the operating cycle.
3514:Artillery components
3244:in the United States
2902:Armour piercing
2463:Rangefinding/keeping
2375:Push/Controlled feed
2167:Synchronization gear
1902:Blank-firing adapter
1753: or famous
395:semi-automatic rifle
236:Second Schleswig War
3336:Privately made
3299:Firearm brands
3185:State firearms
3165:Exhibition shooting
3148:Celebratory gunfire
3007:Plastic tipped
2937:High explosive
2458:Physics of firearms
682:Automatic revolvers
291:are calculated by:
3504:1663 introductions
3434:Right to bear arms
3380:Featureless rifles
3326:Improvised firearm
3287:3D printed firearm
3175:United States
3070:Fully powered
2977:Total metal jacket
2617:Stock measurements
1340:Underwater firearm
1236: versus
799:on March 26, 2023.
608:
546:
439:
360:
352:
219:blowback operation
3491:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3448:United States Gun
3109:
3108:
3105:
3104:
2992:Hollow point
2917:Full metal jacket
2824:
2823:
2782:Tubes and Primers
2642:
2641:
2592:Power factor
2530:Gun harmonisation
2483:
2482:
2413:
2412:
2287:
2286:
2269:Night vision
1833:
1832:
1745:
1744:
1659:Automatic shotgun
1636:
1635:
1223:Types of firearms
1212:
1211:
1103:Forgotten Weapons
1097:Forgotten Weapons
1076:Automatic Weapons
1018:on March 19, 2016
485:, rollers in the
450:9×19mm Parabellum
392:Remington Model 8
269:
268:
196:
195:
188:
178:
177:
131:
130:
123:
68:
16:(Redirected from
3521:
3395:
3394:
3341:Small arms trade
3279:Firearm industry
3130:, and
3115:
3114:
2987:Hollow base
2835:
2834:
2814:Smokeless powder
2670:
2669:
2648:
2647:
2597:Precision-guided
2424:
2423:
2298:
2297:
2105:Rail system
1979:Flash suppressor
1858:
1857:
1839:
1838:
1785:Winchester rifle
1775:Antique firearms
1705:20-gauge shotgun
1652:
1651:
1466:
1465:
1218:
1217:
1165:
1164:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1114:
1113:
1107:Recoil operation
1084:
1083:on April 8, 2013
1060:
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901:
895:
894:
879:
869:
863:
862:
861:on May 23, 2023.
851:
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830:
822:
816:
815:
807:
801:
800:
795:. Archived from
789:
783:
782:
764:
712:Delayed blowback
324:blank ammunition
258:
257:
246:
245:
199:Recoil operation
191:
184:
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101:this article by
92:inline citations
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30:
21:
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3509:Firearm actions
3494:
3493:
3492:
3479:
3443:
3412:Concealed carry
3407:Assault weapons
3402:Air travel
3384:
3361: and
3345:
3273:
3233:
3225:
3214:Shooting sports
3204:Pistol duelling
3134:
3101:
3065:Rifle cartridge
3031:
2972:Supercavitating
2967:Soft point
2888:
2820:
2794:Ball propellant
2740:
2659:
2638:
2634:Twist rate
2525:Gun chronograph
2515:Effective range
2479:
2409:
2380:Recoil-operated
2283:
2188:
1847:
1829:
1815:Colt Peacemaker
1741:
1715:Dragon's breath
1710:Breaching round
1693:
1674:Double-barreled
1632:
1608:General purpose
1594:
1450:
1344:
1285:Multiple-barrel
1225:
1208:
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1141:
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1069:
1064:
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1038:
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1021:
1019:
1012:Jakt och Jägare
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1001:
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970:
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957:
955:
948:"SMG 45 Pistol"
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572:Sjögren shotgun
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430:
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255:
249:External videos
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192:
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146:This article's
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97:Please help to
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3249:Assassinations
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2772:Percussion cap
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2622:Stopping power
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2540:Length of pull
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2016:
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1989:Forward assist
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1959:Cocking handle
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1843:Mechanics and
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1669:Combat shotgun
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1437:
1436:
1434:Submachine gun
1431:
1424:Pistol caliber
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1089:External links
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715:
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693:Webley–Fosbery
683:
680:
669:Nielsen device
647:Muzzle booster
645:Main article:
642:
641:Muzzle booster
639:
638:
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625:
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617:
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499:Borchardt C-93
497:design of the
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155:the key points
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3331:Most-produced
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2366:
2363:
2361:
2360:Muzzleloading
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2325:Breechloading
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2296:
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2200:
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2116:
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2111:
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2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2090:Muzzle shroud
2088:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2078:Stripper clip
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2068:High-capacity
2066:
2064:
2061:
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2056:
2054:
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2049:
2046:
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2039:
2037:
2034:
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2032:
2029:
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2015:
2012:
2011:
2010:
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2000:
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1801:
1798:
1796:
1795:Mauser rifles
1793:
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1722:
1721:
1720:Shotgun shell
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1700:
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3351:Arms control
3231:Gun violence
3198:Jungle style
3197:
3170:Gun cultures
3075:Intermediate
2752:Fire forming
2602:Rate of fire
2473:Stadiametric
2451:Transitional
2395:Self-loading
2379:
2350:Gas-operated
2310:Blow-forward
2242:Red dot
2152:Squeeze bore
2100:Pistol slide
2085:Muzzle brake
2053:Bottom metal
1600:Machine guns
1258:Line thrower
1238:muzzleloader
1234:Breechloader
1081:the original
1075:
1067:Bibliography
1051:
1041:
1040:Articles in
1035:
1029:
1020:. Retrieved
1016:the original
1013:
1009:
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987:. Retrieved
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730:Gas-operated
718:Blow forward
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673:
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588:gas-operated
569:
507:
503:Luger pistol
491:Beretta 8000
463:
440:
428:Short recoil
399:Frommer Stop
380:gas-operated
377:
361:
337:
311:
298:
270:
228:
205:autoloading
198:
197:
182:
169:January 2017
166:
150:
148:lead section
117:
108:
89:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
18:Short recoil
3465:Legislation
3417:in the U.S.
3368:Disarmament
3363:Gun control
3060:Handloading
2847:Dummy round
2719:Cooking off
2714:Malfunction
2702:Field strip
2697:Maintenance
2587:Penetration
2550:Match grade
2468:Mathematics
2400:Single-shot
2340:Closed bolt
2254:Scope mount
2217:Holographic
2207:Finderscope
2095:Pistol grip
2073:Speedloader
1927:Telescoping
1907:Breechblock
1780:Gatling gun
1679:Pump action
1320:Single-shot
1243:Combination
1044:, June 1908
1042:Engineering
661:suppressors
510:machine gun
495:toggle bolt
479:Walther P38
342:Long recoil
103:introducing
3498:Categories
3269:Gun safety
3264:Gunfighter
3055:Centrefire
3037:Cartridges
3017:Snake shot
2957:Round shot
2947:Projectile
2932:Incendiary
2830:Ammunition
2789:Propellant
2757:Obturation
2729:Squib load
2657:ammunition
2495:Accurizing
2431:Ballistics
2345:Electronic
2264:Telescopic
2115:Recoil pad
1974:Firing pin
1949:Bump stock
1912:Breechface
1853:Components
1845:components
1698:Ammunition
1446:Wallet gun
1390:Pepper-box
1335:Spring-gun
1330:Smoothbore
1325:Sleeve gun
989:2024-08-11
958:2024-08-11
754:References
743:Bump stock
665:gas assist
596:shotshells
590:firearms.
483:Beretta 92
443:centerfire
334:Categories
86:references
50:improve it
3309:Gun shops
3259:Forensics
3234:and
3180:Gun shows
2922:Frangible
2912:Expanding
2864:Gas check
2859:Flechette
2842:Cannelure
2767:Gunpowder
2724:Hang fire
2692:Firefight
2545:Lock time
2535:Headspace
2500:Bore axis
2385:Repeating
2335:Open bolt
2249:Magnifier
2135:Auto sear
2041:Wheellock
2036:Flintlock
2014:Half-cock
1969:Extractor
1870:Feed ramp
1800:Tommy Gun
1790:M1 Garand
1725:.410 bore
1689:Sawed-off
1664:Coach gun
1578:Repeating
1571:Polygonal
1495:Automatic
1478:Anti-tank
1363:Derringer
1253:Flare gun
1022:31 August
688:revolvers
514:Maxim gun
314:cartridge
232:cartridge
153:summarize
56:talk page
3470:Politics
3390:Gun laws
3321:Gunsmith
3209:Politics
3128:industry
3050:Caseless
2852:Snap cap
2745:Ignition
2736:Ricochet
2677:Dry fire
2653:Shooting
2580:Velocity
2446:Terminal
2441:External
2405:Slamfire
2390:Revolver
2305:Blowback
2172:Tapering
2147:Silencer
2110:Receiver
2048:Magazine
2004:Foregrip
1994:Freebore
1964:Cylinder
1922:Rotating
1885:Trunnion
1751:Historic
1642:Shotguns
1561:Marksman
1539:Elephant
1441:Starting
1400:Revolver
1368:Duelling
1358:Cane gun
1350:Handguns
1310:Riot gun
1278:Takedown
1263:Long gun
1248:Elephant
1152:glossary
1144:Firearms
892:Friberg.
748:Slamfire
737:See also
724:Blowback
686:Several
518:KPV-14.5
471:Hi Power
458:blowback
454:.380 ACP
403:Chauchat
364:shotguns
328:a device
207:firearms
111:May 2008
3457: (
3424:License
3192:Hunting
3140:Society
3120:Society
3097:Wildcat
3092:Pinfire
3022:Spitzer
2952:Raufoss
2894:Bullets
2884:Wadding
2799:Cordite
2777:Rimfire
2707:Fouling
2687:Gunshot
2665:Gunshot
2505:Caliber
2488:Metrics
2419:Physics
2320:Boxlock
2293:Actions
2279:Zeroing
2274:Thermal
2232:Reticle
2202:Diopter
2177:Trigger
2024:Striker
1999:Forearm
1984:Fluting
1954:Chamber
1942:Tilting
1932:Flapper
1892:Bayonet
1880:Threads
1644: (
1566:Rifling
1554:Varmint
1544:Express
1534:Buffalo
1529:Hunting
1512:Carbine
1483:Assault
1458: (
1385:Machine
1305:Pen gun
1300:Net gun
1295:Needler
1287: (
1268:Carbine
1189:History
1172:Firearm
1146: (
978:YouTube
843:. 1863.
576:Benelli
566:Inertia
530:RM-277R
384:Franchi
306:inertia
289:momenta
264:YouTube
225:History
99:improve
3254:Deaths
3236:safety
3124:safety
3002:Meplat
2982:Tracer
2809:Ramrod
2762:Primer
2607:Recoil
2570:Energy
2565:Muzzle
2237:Reflex
2194:Sights
2142:Shroud
2125:Safety
2019:Linear
2009:Hammer
1937:Roller
1865:Barrel
1618:Medium
1583:Sniper
1524:Double
1500:Battle
1456:Rifles
1395:Pocket
1373:Pistol
1315:Rotary
1273:Musket
1204:Weapon
1194:Safety
1156:topics
1154:, and
930:
884:
775:
697:Mateba
624:frame.
584:Auto-5
512:, the
437:slide.
372:Auto-5
301:barrel
281:barrel
273:ejecta
242:Design
211:recoil
88:, but
3087:Paper
3045:Blank
3012:ABCBC
2997:Minié
2942:HEIAP
2927:Green
2879:Sabot
2612:Group
2520:Gauge
2355:Lever
2330:Break
2227:Laser
2212:Globe
2182:guard
2162:Stock
2157:Choke
1825:Glock
1820:M1911
1805:MP 40
1765:AR-15
1760:AK-47
1623:Heavy
1613:Light
1177:lists
653:MG 42
526:M1941
524:and
475:CZ 75
467:M1911
388:AL-48
319:M1911
277:sabot
3455:Laws
3359:Arms
3314:list
3292:list
3132:laws
3080:list
2962:SLAP
2907:Cast
2655:and
2575:Rise
2370:Pump
2315:Bolt
2259:Tang
2222:Iron
2130:Sear
2063:Drum
2058:Clip
2031:Lock
1917:Bolt
1897:Belt
1875:Slug
1737:Slug
1732:Shot
1684:Riot
1646:list
1588:list
1549:Punt
1517:list
1505:list
1488:list
1460:list
1417:list
1405:list
1378:list
1289:list
1148:list
1024:2016
928:ISBN
882:ISBN
773:ISBN
695:and
657:MG 3
655:and
487:MG42
481:and
473:and
299:The
3027:VLD
2874:PCA
2120:Rim
1810:Uzi
1770:M16
1628:SAW
1199:War
1184:Gun
667:or
370:'s
217:or
3500::
3126:,
3122:,
1150:,
975:.
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