327:", the selection of which is solely the responsibility of the executive producer. They are usually the most senior writer on the staff, or "Head Writer", and therefore the dominant voice in the writers' room, who assist the showrunner by spearheading the management of the scripts. They also assist the showrunner in production, and in oversee the writers. The co-executive producer's duties typically include liaising between executives and staff, making design and directorial decisions, running the production when the Executive Producer is not present, and assisting with such daily activities as financing, staffing, scheduling, and other operations.
338:
Supervising producers help oversee a show's daily creative direction, overseeing other producers and members of the production staff with administrative and creative duties. These include hiring episode directors, overseeing the writers' room, assisting with script rewrites, and training new writers.
74:
was created to identify the executive producer who holds ultimate management and creative authority for the program." The contract gained by the
Writers Guild of America in the 2023 strike now explicitly defines "showrunner" as writers and people responsible for making hiring decisions regarding a
350:
Producers coordinate and supervise all aspects of TV production, in both creative and administrative capacities, including making financial decisions, and handling contracts, talent, and bargaining agreements. They also address problems that arise during production, and make sure that it does not
311:
of a series. The executive producer is often the creator of a series, and sometimes serves as the showrunner as well. They help write scripts, and run day-to-day production operations, overseeing production of a story from script to screen. The precise functions of an executive producer can vary,
222:
He explains the moniker was created to identify the producer who actually held ultimate management and creative authority for the program, given the way the honorific 'executive producer' was applied to a wider range of roles. There's also the fact that anyone with any power wanted a producer's
62:, defines a showrunner as "the person responsible for all creative aspects of the show and responsible only to the network (and production company, if it's not production company). The boss. Usually a writer. Traditionally, the executive producer of a television program was the
273:, explaining that showrunners determine the tone and genre of the show, and break down the structure of a season, its episodes, and storylines, prior to actual production of the program. Saleh listed the hierarchy of the staff on WGA shows, in order of authority:
833:
Moral Rights and the Motion
Picture Industry: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Administration of Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session, January 9,
66:, responsible for the show's creative direction and production. Over time, the title of executive producer was applied to a wider range of roles—from a senior writer, to someone who arranges financing, to an "angel" who holds the title as an
126:
to the MGM musical. They were the producers... the storytellers. Today in television, the producer is still that person: the show-runner. Television is a producer's medium. Ask the people who make and stand behind their shows – from
223:
credit, including the leading actors, who often did no more than say the writers' lines. "It had got to the stage where it was incredibly confusing; there were so many production credits no one knew who was responsible," he says.
1082:
452:(2000–11), which had several showrunners in succession. Initially, the show was overseen by creator Fred Barron from series 1–4. Ian Brown and James Hendrie took over for series 5, followed by American writer
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46:(or its most prolific writer). The role of a showrunner is not present on all television series, especially outside the US; this article describes the nature of the role where it is present.
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exceed its budget. Their duties include fundraising and networking, soliciting and assessing scripts and project ideas, hiring writers, and securing rights to other intellectual properties.
392:
According to Saleh, this position, the lowest level in the writers' room, is the one in which new writers are usually placed when they obtain their first job writing on a television show.
443:. "Nonetheless, the show runner production model is still less common in drama production in the UK" than it is in the U.S., scholars Ruth McElroy and Caitriona Noonan wrote in 2019.
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or Phil de Guerre . The definition of who does what in television today is not that different from what it was generally in
Hollywood before a few critics in France coined the term '
42:
has creative control over the production, and the executive producer's role is limited to investing. In scripted comedy and drama TV shows, the showrunner also usually serves as the
881:
671:
241:, he said, a showrunner could be paid less than a co-executive producer "because everything else that I do — from hiring the writers, to being on set and producing, to being in
78:
In a
January 1990 submission to the United States Congress House Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Administration of Justice,
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depending on multiple factors. In some cases, the title is used to credit a writer who had signed off on a series, but had little involvement with its production.
249:
and
Hollywood emphasizing profitability, overall deals became much rarer. Reduced compensation for showrunners and others in the writers' room helped cause the
38:
of a television series. The position outranks other creative and management personnel, including episode directors, in contrast to feature films, in which the
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later took over from Moffat. Davies returned, following
Chibnall's departure. The term has also been used to refer to other writer-producers, such as
1105:
192:" entertainment economy, viewers don't watch networks. They don't even care about networks. They watch shows. And they don't care how they get them.
848:
830:
Justice, United States
Congress House Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Administration of (1991).
791:
180:, write scripts, cast actors, mind budgets and run interference with studio and network bosses. It's one of the most unusual and demanding,
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439:, specifically interpreted as a writer or presenter with overall responsibility for a television production, began to spread to the
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In an interview, Davies said that he felt the role of the showrunner was to establish and maintain a consistent tone in a drama.
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176:. They're not just writers; they're not just producers. They hire and fire writers and crew members, develop
83:
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407:, the union representing screenwriters in Canada, established the Showrunner Award in 2007, at the annual
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1978:
1049:"What Is an Executive Producer? What's the Difference Between an Executive Producer and Producer?"
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said of the title of showrunner, "It's a made-up title, and it's not a paid position". Without an
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remains the most prominent example of a
British television programme with a showrunner, with
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The showrunner is the highest authority in charge of the production of a television show.
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took the producers, their traditional nemesis, to court – thus all but destroying the
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1106:"'The Late Show With Stephen Colbert' Promotes Matt Lappin to Co-Executive Producer"
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showrunner Tom
Anderson was in charge from series 7 to the final series, series 11.
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The first writer appointed the role of showrunner on a
British primetime drama was
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Supervising producers are required to have several years of production experience.
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188:– the show and now more than ever, shows are the only things that matter. In the "
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wrote that "Over here, the concept of 'showrunner' has only made it as far as
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with no management duties in return for providing backing capital. The term
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1999:
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1554:"ITV1 saves Primeval from extinction after deal with digital channel Watch"
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790:. Complications Ensue: The Crafty Screenwriting, TV and Game Writing Blog.
609:
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job descriptions in the entertainment world....howrunners make – and often
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Producing British television drama : local production in a global era
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Co-executive producers have been analogized to an executive producers's "
260:
172:"Hyphenates", a curious hybrid of starry-eyed artists and tough-as-nails
119:
43:
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for months, then doing press — is not compensated". With the end of the
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and giving leave for the studios themselves to usurp the name producer.
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had carried out a similar role on the less conspicuous medical drama
448:
189:
67:
2004:
1933:
1636:
1389:
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D'Arminio, Aubry (October 10, 2016). "Gary Glasberg: 1966–2016",
90:
In the early days of Hollywood, no one questioned what Producer
2154:
1841:
458:
148:
82:(Executive Vice President and Chairman, Television Division of
726:"What is a Showrunner: Shonad Rhimes's Advice for Showrunners"
1953:
518:
having taken over the post from Davies from 2010 until 2017.
814:"These are the biggest wins in the WGA's new labor contract"
411:. The first Showrunner Award was presented in April 2007 to
269:, listed the function and structure of the personnel in WGA
1482:"Steven Moffat stands down and Chris Chibnall to take over"
435:
In the first decade of the 21st century, the concept of a
2024:
308:
114:
746:
para. 2: "He or she is… always an executive producer."
446:
The first British comedy series to use the term was
1440:
as "...one of the few UK series with a showrunner".
1103:
825:
823:
168:columnist Scott Collins describes showrunners as:
723:
2491:
1582:"Jed Mercurio: taking aim at the target culture"
1455:"Steven Moffat: The man with a monster of a job"
758:Littlejohn, Janice Rhoshalle (August 15, 2008).
820:
307:The executive producer has been likened to the
1017:
1015:
645:"What does a producer do? - Television Series"
1607:
1249:
1224:"Britain's got talent – and it's untouchable"
785:
664:
1190:
950:"How streaming caused the TV writers strike"
913:Adalian, Josef; Brown, Lane (June 6, 2023).
912:
847:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1321:
1319:
1317:
1012:
1614:
1600:
757:
2401:
1621:
1250:McElroy, Ruth; Noonan, Caitriona (2019).
1104:Schneider, Michael (September 27, 2022).
499:(to the extent that in 2009 a writer for
1551:
1314:
1292:
879:
724:MasterClass staff (September 10, 2021).
602:, a junior role not to be confused with
829:
253:. In an interview that same month with
27:Top-level producer of a television show
14:
2492:
1579:
1552:Holmwood, Leigh (September 29, 2009).
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944:
942:
855:
2122:
1595:
1527:
1506:
1396:from the original on November 4, 2021
1325:
1079:"What does an executive producer do?"
1580:Curtis, Chris (September 20, 2012).
1293:Plunkett, John (December 14, 2009).
1198:"2007 Canadian Screenwriting Awards"
794:from the original on August 10, 2020
760:"TV's showrunners outrank directors"
251:2023 Writers Guild of America strike
1326:Brown, Maggie (February 10, 2014).
1295:"Holby City exec producer to leave"
939:
880:Blundell, Graeme (April 23, 2011).
24:
1507:Deans, Jason (November 20, 2006).
837:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
637:
495:brought the term to prominence in
25:
2536:
1178:from the original on July 1, 2023
1148:from the original on July 1, 2023
1118:from the original on July 1, 2023
1085:from the original on July 1, 2023
1059:from the original on July 1, 2023
1029:from the original on July 1, 2023
996:from the original on July 1, 2023
962:from the original on July 1, 2023
786:Epstein, Alex (August 24, 2005).
430:
2353:Concentration of media ownership
2247:Television content rating system
1254:. London: Springer. p. 57.
1138:"What Is a Supervising Producer"
49:
1729:Director of network programming
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978:
906:
873:
680:Writers' Guild of Great Britain
218:, described the position thus:
75:project's other staff writers.
882:"Getting the run of the place"
806:
779:
751:
717:
702:
489:' work on the 2005 revival of
13:
1:
2052:Broadcasting of sports events
1345:Martin, Dan (June 24, 2009).
1328:"Line of Duty's Jed Mercurio"
1168:"What does a TV producer do?"
630:
409:Canadian Screenwriting Awards
84:Weintraub Entertainment Group
1384:(Interview). Interviewed by
7:
2268:Broadcast reference monitor
1422:. BBC. 2008. Archived from
1351:lost without its superman?"
864:, "Channel Island" column,
579:
441:British television industry
263:, who developed the series
10:
2541:
1822:Television program creator
862:"Showrunners run the show"
650:Producers Guild of America
586:Television program creator
2500:Entertainment occupations
2461:
2335:
2310:Professional video camera
2278:Digital on-screen graphic
2260:
2242:List of television awards
2229:
2184:
2037:
1987:
1902:Character generator (CG)
1870:
1764:
1716:
1708:Transmission control room
1693:Network operations center
1670:
1629:
1382:"Mark Lawson Talks to..."
1200:. Writers Guild of Canada
398:
2515:Broadcasting occupations
2320:Lighting control console
1509:"Twice the drama at ITV"
1416:"Paul Cornell interview"
469:, writer and creator of
415:, executive producer of
2373:Influence of mass media
1944:Unit production manager
1698:Production control room
1023:"Co-Executive Producer"
672:"Showrunning in the UK"
405:Writers Guild of Canada
369:Executive story editor
58:, in his book and blog
2525:Management occupations
2510:Television terminology
2505:Mass media occupations
1678:Central apparatus room
1436:Interviewer refers to
320:Co-executive producer
225:
194:
182:right-brain/left-brain
161:
122:to his early work, or
2295:Multiple-camera setup
2025:Visual effects artist
1974:Broadcast engineering
1647:History of television
1623:Television production
1584:. Broadcastnow.co.uk.
1172:New York Film Academy
1055:. November 14, 2022.
1025:. Chegg CareerMatch.
816:. September 30, 2023.
456:for series 6. Former
335:Supervising producer
220:
206:, the showrunner for
196:In a 2011 article in
170:
88:
2368:Freedom of the press
2300:Outside broadcasting
2252:Television criticism
2237:Audience measurement
2207:Political commentary
2170:Late-night talk show
1949:Production assistant
1914:Graphics coordinator
1909:Studio floor manager
1380:(January 16, 2008).
1222:(October 22, 2007).
788:"Tentative Glossary"
736:on December 25, 2021
174:operational managers
60:Crafty Screenwriting
2273:Character generator
1969:Television director
1802:Production designer
1688:Master control room
1426:on January 24, 2011
690:on December 2, 2020
615:Television director
591:Television producer
304:Executive producer
2479:Television studies
2419:Communications law
2388:Media manipulation
2135:Limited-run series
2114:Television special
2087:Reality television
2082:Police crime drama
1979:Technical director
1964:Technical director
1837:Production manager
1827:Executive producer
1787:Assistant director
1744:Sports commentator
1488:. January 23, 2016
1453:(March 22, 2010).
870:, 23 November 2007
497:British television
266:One of Us Is Lying
97:Gone with the Wind
36:executive producer
2487:
2486:
2457:
2456:
2429:Fairness Doctrine
2424:Entertainment law
2363:Freedom of speech
2225:
2224:
2217:Weather forecasts
2202:News broadcasting
2180:
2179:
2033:
2032:
1959:Stunt coordinator
1662:Television studio
1642:Broadcast network
1533:"Melodrama class"
1531:(March 3, 2009).
1378:Davies, Russell T
1174:. June 16, 2017.
927:on August 1, 2023
915:"The Binge Purge"
867:Los Angeles Times
538:, Ann McManus on
485:(2004–2006). But
418:Stargate Atlantis
396:
395:
215:NCIS: Los Angeles
165:Los Angeles Times
92:David O. Selznick
80:Barney Rosenzweig
34:is the top-level
16:(Redirected from
2532:
2444:Media regulation
2399:
2398:
2305:Production truck
2182:
2181:
2145:Procedural drama
2120:
2119:
2097:Documentary film
2062:Event television
1792:Location manager
1777:Costume designer
1772:Casting director
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1090:
1081:. ScreenSkills.
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958:. June 7, 2023.
946:
937:
936:
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932:
923:. Archived from
910:
904:
903:
901:
899:
894:on July 13, 2011
890:. Archived from
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852:
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827:
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804:
803:
801:
799:
783:
777:
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755:
749:
748:
743:
741:
732:. Archived from
721:
715:
706:
700:
699:
697:
695:
689:
683:. Archived from
676:
668:
662:
661:
659:
657:
641:
620:Producer (radio)
529:Moving Wallpaper
487:Russell T Davies
276:
275:
157:Producer's Guild
118:] films, or
21:
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2130:Animated series
2118:
2109:Television show
2092:Television film
2072:Live television
2039:
2029:
1988:Post-production
1983:
1893:Cinematographer
1888:Camera operator
1866:
1760:
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1703:Stage (theatre)
1666:
1657:Television show
1652:Television crew
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1429:
1427:
1420:BBC Writersroom
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596:Television crew
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133:Stephen Cannell
64:chief executive
52:
28:
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2396:
2395:
2393:Public opinion
2390:
2385:
2380:
2378:Media activism
2375:
2370:
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2358:Counterculture
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2343:Agenda-setting
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2059:
2057:TV commercials
2054:
2049:
2047:Beauty pageant
2043:
2041:
2038:Types, formats
2035:
2034:
2031:
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2028:
2027:
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2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1989:
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1966:
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1936:
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1900:
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1880:
1878:Audio engineer
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1797:Make-up artist
1794:
1789:
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1779:
1774:
1768:
1766:
1765:Pre-production
1759:
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1739:News presenter
1731:
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1631:
1630:Main / general
1627:
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1451:McLean, Gareth
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1006:Dictionary.com
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520:Chris Chibnall
432:
431:United Kingdom
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271:writers' rooms
247:streaming wars
229:Andy Greenwald
227:In June 2023,
199:The Australian
153:Writer's Guild
145:Edgar Scherick
137:Stephen Bochco
129:Aaron Spelling
110:Ginger Rodgers
51:
48:
26:
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2474:Media studies
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2469:Media culture
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2409:Broadcast law
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2192:Breaking news
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1919:Stage manager
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1857:Script editor
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1751:News director
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1683:Changing room
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625:News director
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546:Adrian Hodges
543:
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541:Waterloo Road
537:
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531:
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516:Steven Moffat
513:
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424:Stargate SG-1
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389:Staff writer
388:
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379:Story editor
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204:Shane Brennan
201:
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121:
117:
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104:to all those
103:
102:Pandro Berman
99:
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50:United States
47:
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19:
2449:Pixelization
2439:Media reform
2434:Media policy
2414:Bleep censor
2327:Vision mixer
2102:Mockumentary
2077:Variety show
2000:Foley artist
1995:Sound editor
1898:Videographer
1862:Story editor
1852:Screenwriter
1812:Set designer
1755:
1575:
1563:. Retrieved
1559:The Guardian
1557:
1542:. Retrieved
1538:The Guardian
1536:
1529:Wilby, Peter
1518:. Retrieved
1514:The Guardian
1512:
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1490:. Retrieved
1485:
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1464:. Retrieved
1460:The Guardian
1458:
1445:
1437:
1428:. Retrieved
1424:the original
1419:
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1398:. Retrieved
1372:
1360:. Retrieved
1356:The Guardian
1354:
1348:
1340:
1332:The Guardian
1331:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:The Guardian
1298:
1288:
1280:comedy.co.uk
1279:
1270:
1251:
1245:
1233:. Retrieved
1229:The Guardian
1227:
1220:Lawson, Mark
1214:
1202:. Retrieved
1192:
1180:. Retrieved
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1142:ZipRecruiter
1132:
1120:. Retrieved
1109:
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1073:
1061:. Retrieved
1043:
1031:. Retrieved
1004:– via
998:. Retrieved
990:Random House
986:"showrunner"
980:
970:– via
964:. Retrieved
953:
929:. Retrieved
925:the original
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892:the original
885:
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781:
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763:
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734:the original
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692:. Retrieved
685:the original
678:
666:
654:. Retrieved
648:
639:
610:Screenwriter
603:
571:
567:Line of Duty
565:
559:
556:Jed Mercurio
549:
539:
533:
527:
511:
509:
504:
501:The Guardian
500:
490:
480:
477:Jed Mercurio
470:
464:
457:
447:
445:
436:
434:
422:
416:
402:
359:Co-producer
264:
254:
239:overall deal
232:
226:
221:
213:
207:
197:
195:
171:
163:
162:
124:Arthur Freed
113:
106:Fred Astaire
95:
89:
77:
71:
63:
59:
56:Alex Epstein
53:
31:
29:
2520:Showrunners
2288:Microphones
2197:Debate show
1847:Head writer
1817:TV producer
1782:TV director
1386:Mark Lawson
1276:"My Family"
1053:MasterClass
740:February 6,
730:MasterClass
656:October 24,
598:(including
524:Tony Jordan
475:, in 2005.
467:Tony McHale
454:Tom Leopold
413:Brad Wright
293:Showrunner
261:Erica Saleh
178:story lines
120:Walt Disney
44:head writer
18:Show runner
2494:Categories
2402:Regulation
2383:Media bias
2348:Censorship
2160:Soap opera
2140:Miniseries
2040:and genres
1939:Dolly grip
1871:Production
1807:Researcher
1756:Showrunner
1486:Doctor Who
1438:Doctor Who
931:January 8,
798:August 29,
771:January 8,
711:upTV Guide
694:August 29,
631:References
604:Showrunner
535:Echo Beach
512:Doctor Who
505:Doctor Who
492:Doctor Who
472:Holby City
437:showrunner
325:first mate
234:Briarpatch
151:' and the
112: [
72:showrunner
32:showrunner
2261:Technical
2230:Valuation
2165:Talk show
2067:Game show
2020:Publicist
1724:Celebrity
1565:April 27,
1544:April 27,
1520:April 27,
1492:April 10,
1466:April 27,
1430:April 27,
1400:April 27,
1362:April 27,
1306:April 27,
1235:April 27,
843:cite book
449:My Family
347:Producer
282:Position
259:, writer
190:long tail
68:honorific
2010:Colorist
2005:Composer
1934:Key grip
1904:operator
1717:Profiles
1637:Audience
1394:Archived
1390:BBC Four
1204:July 11,
1176:Archived
1146:Archived
1116:Archived
1083:Archived
1057:Archived
1027:Archived
994:Archived
960:Archived
792:Archived
714:. p. 17.
580:See also
573:Critical
551:Primeval
141:Len Hill
86:) wrote:
40:director
1182:July 1,
1152:July 1,
1122:July 1,
1111:Variety
1089:July 1,
1063:July 1,
1033:July 1,
1000:July 1,
972:YouTube
966:July 1,
920:Vulture
898:May 28,
765:Variety
94:was to
54:Writer
2462:Theory
2336:Issues
2155:Sitcom
2150:Serial
2123:Series
2015:Editor
1924:gaffer
1842:Writer
1671:Places
1349:Heroes
1258:
600:Runner
570:, and
561:Bodies
482:Bodies
459:Cheers
399:Canada
285:Notes
279:Level
186:create
149:auteur
1954:Gofer
688:(PDF)
675:(PDF)
100:, or
2185:News
1929:grip
1734:Host
1567:2010
1546:2010
1522:2010
1494:2018
1468:2010
1432:2010
1402:2010
1364:2010
1347:"Is
1308:2010
1256:ISBN
1237:2010
1206:2008
1184:2023
1154:2023
1124:2023
1091:2023
1065:2023
1035:2023
1002:2023
968:2023
933:2024
900:2011
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