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339:) from 1118, and who was probably its commissioner, Diarmuid son of Mac Denisc, and Máel Sechnaill Ua Cellachain (d. 1121) and others whoes names place its origin in Cork. The identification of Tadhg Mac Carthaigh as commissioner is based on the shrine's similarity to other known works whose creation his family oversaw, including the sarcophagus, high cross and Cormac's Chapel at the
141:, also in Cork. It consists of a yew-wood core lined with decorated bronze and silver plates. The wood at the hand is hollowed out to create a reliquary cavity which once held the arm bone of St. Lachtin (b. 526, County Cork), but is now empty. The circular cap at its base contains a large transparent gemstone and is
391:
The wealthy Healy family were its hereditary keepers before the 18th century, and it is known that it was valued enough that they used it as a deed to their estate and argued over its ownership during a (underlying land) dispute with the see of Cloyne. It was at
Donoughmore Church, County Cork, until
319:
The inscriptions are engraved in niello and contain prayers for the commissioner and metalworkers. That the names may have included craftsmen is supported by the fact that the 11th and 12th centuries were a time of renewed interest in reliquaries, leading to high demand for the upper echelon of metal
350:
The shrine's dating comes from badly damaged inscriptions but legible that specify completion between 1118 and 1121, and on estimates of Mac
Carthaigh's succession to kingship. Writing in 1923, the art historian Henry Crawford placed it as "before 1127". The Metropolitan describe their copy as based
347:. Unlike other surviving or documented arm-shaped reliquaries not built to hold primary corporeal remains and instead used for ceremonial or symbolic purposes, Saint Lachtin's Arm is known to have once held Lachtin's bones, which would have been enshrined following a disheartenment.
217:
Although arm shrines of this type were becoming popular across Europe, Lachtin's is one of the earliest and is decorated in a distinctively Irish style. The fingers are inwardly bent and the hand is tightly clasped in a half-fist, rather than, as usually found in
160:
to protect or heal combatants. Saint
Lachtin's Arm was rediscovered by antiquarians c. 1750, having been in the care of its hereditary keepers, the Healy family, for around 200 years. It was acquired that year from Donoughmore Church by the art collector
359:
It is in relatively good condition and does not appear to have been significantly altered or restored. Some of the silver and gold work is lost, and it was crudely opened before 1829, when it was cut apart at both ends. The art historian
383:
said that "the patron saint was named St
Lachteen, and some years ago the parish priest kept here a brazen hand as a holy relic, by which the people swore upon all solemn occasions, but the hand was removed by one of the titular
176:
The shrine is described as "one of the finest examples of ecclesiastical metalwork from medieval
Ireland". It is one of two surviving Irish arm-shrines (although many more would have been produced, including those of
284:
as creating an "attractive black and silver pattern set against a gilded bronze base......exploited in an ambitious fashion on the shrine of Saint
Lachtin's Arm". The plate below the fingers contains
152:
The shrine is 39 cm high, 7 cm wide and 7 cm deep. Because the hand is clenched rather than, as is more usual for arm shrines, open as if in the act of blessing, it may have functioned as
364:
says this was "presumably in order to see the contents" and notes that the process led to the loss of "a whole row of glass studs", and damage to some of the decorations on the plate.
129:
made of wood and metal shaped as an outstretched forearm and clenched fist. St. Lachtin's dates to between 1118 and 1121 and is associated with his church in the village of Stuake,
307:
in London shows that the crystal once held "elaborately decorated metal" that is now lost. The boss was lined by a cruciform arrangement of purple, yellow and blue
939:
463:
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893:
Treasures of early Irish art, 1500 B.C. to 1500 A.D: From the collections of the
National Museum of Ireland, Royal Irish Academy, Trinity College Dublin
1369:
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100:
408:
165:. Thereafter, it passed through various private and public collections and has been in the collection of the archaeology branch of the
209:
892:
967:
917:
Westropp, Thomas
Johnson. "Fortified Headlands and Castles in Western County Cork. Part I. From Cape Clear to Dunmanus Bay".
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or talisman, that is brought to a battlefield to protect or heal combatants, or bring victory against their opponents.
1364:
423:, Dublin, since 1890 (then known as the Dublin Museum of Science and Art). An early 20th-century replica is in the
393:
385:
375:
Very little of St. Lachtin is known except that he was born in Cork and founded monasteries
Donoughmore and nearby
291:
The circular cap at the base is the most lavishly decorated part of the shrine. It contains panels of filigree and
241:
The shrine is built from a yew-wood core lined with eight large plates bound by eight binding strips and a central
162:
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185:(d. c. 549)), the other being the 14th-century Shrine of Saint Patrick's Hand, also empty and also at the NMI.
1330:
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in 1884 to the
British state-owned Science and Art Department, London, for ÂŁ452.3.6. The purchase was led by
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An inscription on one of the binding strips translates as "A prayer for Maolseachnail O Callaghan,
367:
Portions of the inlay are worn, as are the inscriptions, although they are still largely legible.
1276:
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794:
292:
268:
The hand and figures are made from a variety of shaped plates and have cast-interlace and silver
327:
of the Ua Ealach Mumhain who made this shrine". Other inscriptions, also on the strips, mention
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collar. The metal plates are made from bronze and silver and decorated with engraved ribboned
231:
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and lined with filigree similar to that on the border panels. An 1884 drawing made at the
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Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature
873:Ă“ Floinn, Raghnall. In: Karkov, Catherine; Farrell, Robert; Ryan, Michael (eds),
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Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature
311:
dividing strips, some of which are also lost but were shown in the 1884 drawing.
308:
262:
766:
Crawford, Henry. "A Descriptive List of Irish Shrines and Reliquaries. Part I".
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suggests that the defiant gesture may indicate that the shrine, similar to the
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832:, "Art and Architecture of Ireland" series. CT: Yale University Press, 2014.
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The Arm-shaped Reliquary of St Lachtin: Technique, Style and Significance
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Mitchell, Perette. "The Inscriptions on Pre-Norman Irish Reliquaries".
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914:". Blarney and District Historical Society. Retrieved 25 July 2021
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and foliate designs which bear distinctive elements influenced by
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workers, and their names are first recorded in similar etchings.
379:
in the 7th century. Writing in 1750, Charles Smith, in his book
277:
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43:
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Treasures of the National Museum of Ireland: Irish Antiquities
547:, 1868. Reproduced at: Library Ireland. Retrieved 24 July 2021
273:
253:: the patterns have been described as crafted in the Hiberno-
142:
381:
The ancient and present state of the county and city of Cork
1469:
782:
Treasures of Ireland; Irish pagan & early Christian art
799:
The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
768:
The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
276:
around the fingernails employs silver ribbons framed with
42:
Wooden core with bronze, silver, copper, gold, glass and
890:. "Irish Art in the Romanesque and Gothic Periods". In:
851:
Irish Art Historical Studies in honour of Peter Harbison
464:
Artists to make CĂşil Aodha a bridge over troubled waters
335:(which covered roughly today's County Cork and most of
280:(a black mixture for inlay), a technique described by
265:may have been added after the first phase c. 1120.
732:Shrine of Saint Lachtin's Arm: early 20th century
125:) is an early 10th-century Irish arm-shrine type
1502:
877:. New York: State University of New York, 1997.
392:1750, when it was acquired by the art collector
197:Detail of the clenched fist and row of fingers
961:
912:Artefacts from Blarney in the National Museum
770:, 6th series, volume 13, no. 1, June 1923.
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954:
409:Mervyn Wingfield, 7th Viscount Powerscourt
686:, 21 January 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2021
875:The Insular Tradition: A Resource Manual
415:that year. It has, in turn, been at the
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472:, 17 June 2010. Retrieved 30 July 2021
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16:Irish reliquary made of wood and metal
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870:. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 2002
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53:Height 39 cm, width 7 cm, depth 7 cm
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940:Survey of early medieval Irish art
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295:silver ribbons. The central round
222:arm-shrines, open as if raised in
14:
1532:
1365:Library of Trinity College Dublin
933:
797:. "The Cap of St Lachtin's Arm".
545:An Illustrated History of Ireland
1044:
784:. New York: Viking Press, 1974.
27:
1271:Clonmacnoise Crucifixion Plaque
1105:(late 7th or early 8th century)
975:
698:
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680:The Shrine of St. Lachtin’s Arm
663:
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137:, but probably originates from
849:". In: Hourihane, Colum (ed),
541:Shrine of Saint Patrick's Hand
530:
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226:(blessing). The art historian
188:
1:
1325:Shrine of Saint Lachtin's Arm
1237:, (late 9th or early 10th c.)
704:Moss (2014), pp. 291–292, 475
430:
370:
351:on an "original dated 1106".
119:Shrine of Saint Lachtin's Arm
33:Shrine of Saint Lachtin's Arm
22:Shrine of Saint Lachtin's Arm
1343:Shrine of St Patrick's Tooth
1313:Shrine of St. Patrick's Bell
1273:(late 10th or early 11th c.)
942:, National Museum of Ireland
435:
354:
7:
1375:National Museum of Scotland
1331:Bell Shrine of St. Cuileáin
1103:Rinnegan Crucifixion Plaque
815:, volume 96C, no. 1, 1996.
145:with silver decorated with
10:
1537:
1370:National Museum of Ireland
1219:(late 8th or early 9th c.)
898:Metropolitan Museum of Art
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736:Metropolitan Museum of Art
425:Metropolitan Museum of Art
421:National Museum of Ireland
305:Science and Art Department
167:National Museum of Ireland
101:National Museum of Ireland
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1345:(12th & late 14th c.)
1099:(late 6th or early 7th c)
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921:, Volume 32 (1914–1916).
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1213:(8th or 9th & 14 c.)
795:Mitchell, George Francis
738:. Retrieved 24 July 2021
1277:Bell Shrine of St. Mura
830:Medieval c. 400—c. 1600
695:Westropp (1916), p. 257
646:Mitchell (1984), p. 139
518:Ă“'Floinn (1997), p. 266
1384:Notable art historians
1297:(shrine: late 11th c.)
1295:Cathach of St. Columba
1241:Muiredach's High Cross
1011:Illuminated manuscript
630:Stalley (1977), p. 188
621:Crawford (1923), p. 90
453:Stalley (1977), p. 214
232:Cathach of St. Columba
214:
206:
198:
183:Ciarán of Clonmacnoise
1511:Christian reliquaries
752:Murray (2014), p. 145
718:Murray (2014), p. 142
600:Murray (2014), p. 147
586:Murray (2014), p. 144
577:Murray (2014), p. 143
537:Cusack, Margaret Anna
506:Murray (2014), p. 141
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204:
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61:Between 1118 and 1121
1301:Clonmacnoise Crozier
1199:Londesborough Brooch
1157:St. Fillan's Crozier
1151:Moylough Belt-Shrine
1071:Insular illumination
801:, volume 114, 1984.
1455:Celtic Christianity
1307:River Laune Crozier
1205:Derrynaflan Chalice
1133:Lindisfarne Gospels
1026:House-shaped shrine
669:Moss (2014), p. 108
568:Moss (2014), p. 292
556:Moss (2014), p. 293
490:Moss (2014), p. 291
462:Ketch, Catherine. "
413:Royal Irish Academy
329:Tadhg Mac Carthaigh
121:(known in Irish as
1261:(10th and 15th c.)
1235:Prosperous Crozier
1181:Monymusk Reliquary
1175:Breadalbane Brooch
1097:Ballinderry Brooch
1036:Processional cross
1001:Crucifixion plaque
864:Ă“ Floinn, Raghnall
609:Moss (2014), p. 45
527:Moss (2014), p. 48
215:
207:
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1391:Raghnall Ă“ Floinn
1289:Shrine of Miosach
1253:Ardboe High Cross
1217:Kilmainham Brooch
1193:Tully Lough Cross
1127:Lichfield Gospels
1109:Hunterston Brooch
910:Synnott, Chris. "
906:978-0-8709-9164-6
883:978-0-7914-3455-0
859:978-1-8518-2847-0
838:978-03-001-7919-4
790:978-0-6707-2652-3
684:Irish Archaeology
678:Moriarty, Colm. "
469:Irish Independent
386:Bishops of Cloyne
179:Ruadhán of Lorrha
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1243:(9th or 10th c.)
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773:
769:
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749:
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737:
733:
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715:
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685:
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627:
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583:
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546:
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524:
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428:
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389:
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352:
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330:
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321:
312:
310:
306:
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299:is made from
298:
294:
289:
287:
283:
282:Roger Stalley
279:
275:
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186:
184:
181:(d. 584) and
180:
174:
172:
168:
164:
159:
155:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
123:Lámh LachtaĂn
120:
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99:
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64:
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41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1485:Scottish art
1460:Clonmacnoise
1324:
1285:(c. 11th c.)
1187:Stowe Missal
1123:(c. 710-750)
918:
891:
874:
867:
850:
829:
826:Moss, Rachel
812:
798:
781:
767:
700:
691:
683:
674:
665:
626:
605:
582:
573:
552:
544:
532:
523:
467:
458:
427:, New York.
402:
390:
380:
377:Kilnamartyra
374:
366:
358:
349:
337:County Kerry
322:
318:
315:Inscriptions
301:rock crystal
290:
267:
257:and Hiberno-
240:
216:
175:
151:
139:Kilnamartyra
122:
118:
116:
1516:Insular art
1480:Pictish art
1465:English art
1406:Rachel Moss
1353:Collections
1189:(after 792)
1121:Tara Brooch
1066:Celtic knot
1061:Carpet page
991:Bell shrine
977:Insular art
228:Rachel Moss
224:benediction
189:Description
135:County Cork
131:Donoughmore
90:County Cork
86:Donoughmore
1505:Categories
1490:Viking art
1450:Celtic art
1259:Corp Naomh
1054:Techniques
1021:High cross
431:References
405:Christie's
371:Provenance
288:foliage.
251:Viking art
247:zoomorphic
111:NMI, R2988
80:Discovered
1521:Irish art
1475:Irish art
1425:(d. 1900)
1419:(d. 1866)
1413:(d. 1994)
1327:(c. 1120)
1321:(c. 1100)
1291:(11th c.)
1279:(11th c.)
1255:(10th c.)
1076:Interlace
543:". From:
436:Citations
355:Condition
263:interlace
255:Ringerike
213:Lower arm
127:reliquary
92:, Ireland
1231:(9th c.)
1225:(9th c.)
1183:(8th c.)
1177:(8th c.)
1171:(8th c.)
1165:(8th c.)
1159:(8th c.)
1153:(8th c.)
1147:(8th c.)
1141:(c. 750)
1135:(c. 730)
1129:(c. 730)
1117:(c. 700)
1111:(c. 700)
1090:Examples
927:25504178
900:, 1977.
853:, 2004.
821:25516156
807:25508863
776:25513282
286:acanthus
270:filigree
243:openwork
158:talisman
147:filigree
103:, Dublin
39:Material
1433:Related
1006:Cumdach
760:Sources
660:Synnott
398:Norfolk
293:stamped
220:Insular
169:(NMI),
143:inlayed
74:Insular
58:Created
925:
904:
896:. NY:
881:
857:
836:
819:
805:
788:
774:
325:Ard Ri
309:enamel
278:niello
272:. The
171:Dublin
70:Celtic
44:niello
984:Types
923:JSTOR
817:JSTOR
803:JSTOR
772:JSTOR
274:inlay
259:Urnes
1470:Iona
902:ISBN
879:ISBN
855:ISBN
834:ISBN
786:ISBN
331:, a
297:boss
117:The
83:1750
50:Size
845:. "
734:".
682:".
539:. "
466:".
396:of
388:."
156:or
1507::
866:.
828:.
743:^
723:^
709:^
651:^
635:^
614:^
591:^
561:^
511:^
495:^
477:^
444:^
400:.
343:,
149:.
133:,
88:,
72:,
969:e
962:t
955:v
730:"
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