Knowledge

Shu Han

Source 📝

1958:, while Wei controlled all of the northern lands, and Wu controlled all the lands from the east of Yi Province to the southern and eastern coastlines. Meanwhile, Shu's population was not large enough to stand against the rival state of Wei. This greatly limited Shu in terms of resources and manpower; although the country could efficiently defend itself, Shu could not easily launch successful campaigns. As such, Zhuge Liang parleyed for peace with Wu, and reaffirmed the alliance between Sun Quan and Shu — with the former even recognising Sun Quan's legitimacy when the latter broke with Wei, and declared himself "Emperor of Wu" in 229. In order to strengthen the Shu Han state's authority in the remote southern region of 641: 1927: 36: 1911: 1596: 122: 5160: 5172: 2063:, without much struggle — the state having been exhausted by Jiang Wei's ill-fated campaigns. In the same year, Liu Shan surrendered to Deng Ai outside Chengdu, marking the end of Shu. In spite of this, Jiang Wei attempted to incite conflict between Deng Ai and Zhong Hui, in the hope of taking advantage of the situation to revive Shu. Zhong Hui captured Deng Ai, and openly rebelled against the Wei regent, 1850:, and declared himself emperor. Liu Bei contested Cao Pi's claim to the throne, and proclaimed himself "Emperor of Han" in 221. Although Liu Bei is widely seen as the founder of Shu Han, he never claimed to be the founder of a new dynasty; rather, he viewed Shu Han as a continuation of the Han dynasty. 1953:
When Liu Shan succeeded his father, Shu was the weakest of the three major powers. Following his father's defeat in 221, the portion of Jing Province previously held by Shu was now firmly under the control of Wu. Shu only included the western lands of
1853:
To distinguish the state from other historical Chinese states of the same name, historians have added a relevant character to the state's original name: the state that called itself "Han" (漢) is also known as "Shu Han" (蜀漢) or just "Shu" (蜀).
2082:
Shu was not merely a nation at war. During peacetime, the Shu state began many irrigation and road-building projects designed to improve the economy. Many of these public works still exist and are widely used. For example, the
1946:. The young Liu Shan was only 16 years old, making him the youngest of the rulers of the Three Kingdom states, and Liu Bei expected the two regents to assist Liu Shan in managing state affairs. Zhuge Liang was the 1973:
Zhuge Liang advocated an aggressive foreign policy towards Wei, because he strongly believed it was critical to the survival of Shu and its sovereignty. Between the years of 228 and 234, he launched a series of
2095:. These works helped improve the economy of southwestern China, and can be seen as the beginning of economic activity in Sichuan. It also promoted trade with southern China, which was then ruled by Eastern Wu. 1597: 4451: 1819:
From the territories he gained, Liu Bei established a position for himself in China during the final years of the Han dynasty. However, in 219, the alliance between Liu Bei and his ally,
1998:
as an officer in 228, Shu failed to achieve any significant victories or lasting gains in the five expeditions. During his final campaign where he fought against the Wei general,
4614: 364: 339: 4849: 4597: 4636: 1728:, also used the prefix "Shu" to describe Liu Bei's state of Han as a historiographical prefix to differentiate it from the many other states officially named " 4580: 2074:, where he met with Sima Zhao, and was awarded the title of "Duke of Anle." He lived a comfortable and peaceful life in Luoyang until the end of his days. 4812: 4696: 4682: 5187: 4668: 4654: 4547: 1765:, a warlord and distant relative of the Han imperial clan, rallied the support of many capable followers. Following the counsel of his advisor, 5233: 4478: 5101: 4977: 1557: 1497: 3759: 1828: 1716:
of the Han dynasty and thus the legitimate successor to the Han throne, while the prefix "Shu" was first used by the rival state of
121: 4428: 3754: 3640: 3704: 4585: 1187: 2021:, launched an invasion of Hanzhong. Despite being outnumbered 2-to-1, the Shu forces defeated the invading combatants at the 1975: 1901: 1487: 1950:
head of the Shu government throughout Liu Shan's reign, and was responsible for most of Shu's policies during his regency.
1786: 1752: 1060: 1050: 2030: 1905: 1529: 691: 5145: 1963: 1835:, the general guarding Liu Bei's assets in Jing Province, was captured and subsequently executed by Sun Quan's forces. 681: 4962: 1358: 79: 57: 50: 1884:. However, due to grave tactical mistakes, Liu Bei suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Sun Quan's general, 5140: 4982: 4967: 1112: 4602: 5223: 4935: 4591: 3606: 1617: 1550: 1502: 566: 406: 2067:, but the revolt was suppressed by Wei forces. Jiang Wei, Zhong Hui, and Deng Ai were killed in the struggle. 2002:, an already taxed and ill Zhuge Liang died under the strain of the long stalemate with the Wei forces at the 4628: 3527: 3498: 1721: 1524: 1450: 1385: 422: 5091: 4421: 4273: 3633: 1659: 1460: 5243: 5228: 5218: 5050: 4609: 3697: 1729: 1512: 1269: 650: 500: 3543:
Schuessler, Axel. (2009) Minimal Old Chinese and Later Han Chinese. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i. 157
3519: 5238: 4952: 4283: 4248: 4163: 3857: 2110: 1698: 1517: 4133: 3987: 3877: 3862: 3785: 3780: 3412: 1543: 1480: 1445: 1018: 714: 624: 1224: 5176: 5096: 4957: 4158: 4082: 4072: 4037: 3952: 3515: 2046: 2003: 1926: 1873: 1774: 1214: 863: 44: 4946: 4797: 4414: 4203: 4198: 3972: 3882: 3790: 3626: 1939: 1885: 1694:, which also occupied this approximate geographical area. Its core territory also coincided with 1440: 306: 20: 5055: 4880: 4263: 3690: 2042: 1910: 1746: 1492: 1470: 1455: 941: 660: 252: 61: 4930: 4359: 3892: 2017:, and others, and Shu temporarily ceased its aggression towards Wei. In 244, the Wei regent, 1465: 882: 167: 4972: 4173: 4032: 3917: 3749: 3268: 1868:
Liu Bei ruled as emperor for less than three years. In 222, he launched a campaign against
1695: 1507: 720: 8: 5111: 5060: 5024: 4720: 4468: 4364: 4107: 4077: 3416: 1843: 1801: 1758: 1651: 672: 310: 149: 5032: 4824: 4802: 4792: 4772: 4765: 4243: 4138: 3957: 3775: 2774: 2635: 2126: 1881: 1863: 1475: 655: 602: 594: 145: 3982: 5065: 4870: 4854: 4758: 4369: 4293: 4218: 4213: 4087: 3602: 3507: 2022: 1813: 1720:
to delegitimize the orthodoxy claims of the Shu Han state. Later on when writing the
1635: 1590: 1403: 971: 951: 726: 550: 542: 344: 5213: 5164: 5000: 4923: 4918: 4839: 4460: 4298: 4052: 4012: 3927: 3922: 3897: 3424: 3303: 1082: 640: 632: 465: 184: 5126: 5086: 4807: 3947: 3349:
Liu Bei is also referred to as the "Late Emperor" (先帝) in some historical texts.
3291: 3286: 528: 2025:, with the humiliated Wei forces fleeing. Between 247 and 262, the Shu general, 1662:
and one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the
429: 413: 5070: 4885: 4751: 3649: 3411:
Liu Shan was posthumously granted the title of "Duke Si of Anle" (安樂思公) by the
1770: 1663: 1643: 984: 901: 514: 229: 3682: 5207: 5045: 5040: 4834: 4817: 4727: 4713: 4701: 4687: 4673: 4659: 4646: 4641: 4552: 4512: 4334: 4017: 3439: 1846:, to abdicate the throne in his favour. Cao Pi then established the state of 1691: 774: 741: 3427:. He is also referred to as the "Later Lord" (後主) in some historical texts. 1922:. Many battles were fought between Shu and Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. 5121: 5016: 4991: 4942: 4890: 4875: 4741: 4344: 3618: 3295: 2084: 1915: 1349: 1325: 1312: 1299: 1243: 1202: 1140: 854: 844: 821: 472: 442: 163: 4905: 1690:, an area historically referred to as "Shu" based on the name of the past 5135: 4844: 4784: 4488: 4473: 4308: 4178: 3806: 3281: 1979: 1966:
there in 225 to quell local rebellions, and the growing influence of the
1955: 1935: 1888:, and lost the bulk of his army. He survived the battle and retreated to 1789: 1766: 1702: 1256: 1127: 961: 929: 916: 750: 24: 2033:
against Wei, but also failed to make any significant territorial gains.
5131: 5116: 5106: 4564: 4537: 4508: 4503: 4349: 4313: 4112: 4062: 4027: 3992: 3912: 3671: 3444: 2018: 1889: 1713: 1008: 797: 1824: 1712:(Emperor Zhaolie), had named his dynasty "Han", as he considered it a 5192: 4895: 4829: 4734: 4542: 4532: 4527: 4278: 4268: 4047: 4002: 3932: 3907: 3852: 3826: 3811: 3553: 3493: 3449: 3415:. He was later posthumously honoured as "Emperor Xiaohuai" (孝懷皇帝) by 2064: 2056: 2026: 2010: 1995: 1919: 1797: 1725: 1675: 559: 3977: 4913: 4559: 4517: 4390: 4339: 4303: 4288: 4223: 4208: 4143: 4128: 4092: 4057: 4042: 4022: 3962: 3872: 3847: 3842: 3816: 3733: 3503: 3420: 3362: 2758: 1959: 1943: 1869: 1820: 1805: 1667: 580: 486: 215: 177: 4447: 4437: 4406: 4395: 4374: 4354: 4318: 4253: 4228: 4168: 4153: 4148: 3967: 3937: 3902: 3887: 3867: 3728: 3661: 3561: 3511: 3324: 2092: 2088: 2071: 2060: 2052: 2009:
After Zhuge Liang's death, the Shu government was then headed by
1999: 1991: 1983: 1918:
illustration of a battle between Wei and Shu at the banks of the
1877: 1847: 1832: 1809: 1793: 1762: 1717: 1709: 1687: 1683: 1671: 1151: 996: 386: 357: 203: 135: 5006: 4258: 4233: 4188: 4102: 4007: 3997: 3821: 2014: 1967: 1839: 1679: 1625: 159: 4996: 4238: 4193: 4183: 4097: 4067: 3942: 1987: 1831:. Liu Bei lost his territories in Jing Province to Sun Quan. 1782: 1778: 382: 1982:, a strategic city located on the road to the Wei capital, 1666:
period. The state was based in the area around present-day
126:
The territories of Shu Han (in light pink), as of 262 A.D.
16:
Empire in China from 221 to 263; one of the Three Kingdoms
599: 585: 571: 1986:. Most of the battles were fought around present-day 547: 533: 519: 505: 491: 477: 3530:, composed 'Praises for the Supportive Ministers of 1368: 1290: 1170: 1103: 1033: 907: 1838:Cao Cao died in 220, and was succeeded by his son, 1812:, in 219. Afterwards, Liu Bei proclaimed himself 5205: 3526:輔臣贊》"; translation: " Xi, in the fourth year of 3712: 3601:. University of California Press. p. 112. 3564:; if we'd not succeed, we'd retreat and defend 1970:(literal: southern barbarians) in the region. 4422: 3698: 3634: 3479: 2763: 2115: 1804:between 212 and 214, and wrestled control of 1607: 1584: 1574: 1551: 427: 411: 100: 3648: 5102:Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area 1892:, where he died from illness a year later. 4429: 4415: 3705: 3691: 3641: 3627: 3560:,不失作劉備也。" tr: "If we'd succeed, we'd have 2029:, resumed Zhuge Liang's legacy by leading 1740: 1558: 1544: 120: 2059:attacked Shu, and conquered its capital, 1934:Before Liu Bei's death, he appointed the 80:Learn how and when to remove this message 3596: 3477:Zhongguo Tongshi – Weijin Nanbeichao Shi 1978:against Wei, with the aim of conquering 1925: 1909: 1823:, was broken when Sun sent his general, 43:This article includes a list of general 4983:Seventh-day Adventist Church in Sichuan 3568:and not lose, just as Liu Bei did." in 2051:In 263, armies led by the Wei generals 1994:provinces. However, aside from gaining 1579:; 221–263), known in historiography as 5206: 3590: 2630:Territories conquered by Shu from Wei 2098: 1930:Pottery musician, Shu, Three Kingdoms. 1589: 601: 549: 4410: 3686: 3622: 3552:An example is a quote by Wei general 3467: 3465: 1612:"Junior Han"), or often shortened to 5171: 2103: 29: 5234:Former countries in Chinese history 3262: 1895: 13: 5146:Southern Cliff Buddhist Sculptures 4436: 3581: 3462: 1902:Zhuge Liang's Northern Expeditions 1857: 49:it lacks sufficient corresponding 14: 5255: 1842:, who forced the last Han ruler, 1753:Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province 5170: 5159: 5158: 1906:Jiang Wei's Northern Expeditions 639: 362: 337: 34: 5141:Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries 4978:Baptist Christianity in Sichuan 1964:launched an expeditionary force 600: 586: 572: 4936:Chinese salvationist religions 3582:小平 (2012). "三国蜀汉政权国号 "汉" 考论". 3575: 3546: 3537: 3487: 3480: 3472: 2036: 2031:a series of military campaigns 1732:" throughout Chinese history. 1630: 1621: 1608: 1585: 1575: 1498:Science and technology history 548: 534: 520: 506: 492: 478: 428: 412: 101: 1: 3499:Records of the Three Kingdoms 3455: 1773:, Liu Bei conquered parts of 1722:Records of the Three Kingdoms 868: 827: 803: 780: 756: 697: 258: 112: 5092:Dujiangyan Irrigation System 3502:, "Book of Shu: Accounts of 7: 5136:Jinsha archaeological sites 5051:Sichuanese Standard Chinese 4610:Railway Protection Movement 3433: 10: 5260: 4953:Catholic Church in Sichuan 3597:Eberhard, Wolfram (1977). 3266: 3081: 2823: 2077: 2040: 1899: 1861: 1750: 1744: 1735: 18: 5154: 5079: 5015: 4904: 4863: 4783: 4627: 4573: 4496: 4487: 4459: 4445: 4383: 4327: 4121: 3835: 3799: 3769:Princes and royal figures 3768: 3742: 3721: 3657: 3198: 3013: 2959: 2905: 2783: 2764: 2731: 2684: 2644: 2589: 2563: 2523: 2483: 2436: 2382: 2349: 2288: 2255: 2215: 2175: 2135: 2116: 1372: 1294: 1174: 1107: 1037: 911: 614: 593: 579: 565: 558: 541: 527: 513: 499: 485: 471: 464: 459: 455: 451: 441: 437: 421: 405: 401: 396: 378: 316: 302: 298: 288: 278: 274: 269: 265: 249: 239: 235: 225: 221: 209: 197: 193: 183: 173: 155: 141: 131: 119: 110: 94: 5097:Gsumge Mani Stone Castle 4958:Protestantism in Sichuan 3471:Zou Jiwan (Chinese: 2070:Liu Shan was brought to 2004:Battle of Wuzhang Plains 493:ㄕㄨˇ   ㄏㄢˋ 407:Traditional Chinese 19:Not to be confused with 4850:Sichuanese architecture 4798:Clothing in ancient Shu 4598:Repopulation of Sichuan 1976:five military campaigns 1942:as regents to his son, 1757:Towards the end of the 1741:Beginnings and founding 1701:, the precursor of the 1660:dynastic state of China 423:Simplified Chinese 307:Ancient Chinese coinage 64:more precise citations. 4963:Anglicanism in Sichuan 4592:anti-Mongol fortresses 2087:is still present near 2043:Conquest of Shu by Wei 1936:chancellor Zhuge Liang 1931: 1923: 1792:(covering present-day 1777:(covering present-day 1747:End of the Han dynasty 1692:ancient kingdom of Shu 253:Conquest of Shu by Wei 5224:263 disestablishments 4931:Chinese folk religion 4384:Other notable figures 3450:Fourth Kingdom of Shu 3419:, the founder of the 3306:and their year ranges 2047:Zhong Hui's Rebellion 1929: 1913: 1880:, culminating in the 1745:Further information: 1363:(mainland, 1912–1949) 168:Chinese folk religion 142:Common languages 4973:Quakerism in Sichuan 4968:Methodism in Sichuan 3713:Prominent people of 3445:Third Kingdom of Shu 3440:First Kingdom of Shu 3269:Shu Han family trees 1829:invade Jing Province 5112:Leshan Giant Buddha 5080:Tourist attractions 4497:States and kingdoms 4328:Other notable women 3277: 2770: 2631: 2122: 2099:List of territories 1962:, Zhuge Liang also 1800:) from the warlord 1759:Eastern Han dynasty 1708:Shu Han's founder, 1652:Eastern Han Chinese 241:• Established 150:Eastern Han Chinese 5244:History of Sichuan 5229:Dynasties of China 5219:221 establishments 4825:Mengding Ganlu tea 4808:Sichuanese cuisine 4803:Sichuan embroidery 4581:Sichuan-Mongol War 3599:A History of China 3522:: quote: "戲以延熙四年著《 3273: 2757: 2629: 2108: 1932: 1924: 1882:Battle of Xiaoting 1864:Battle of Xiaoting 1785:) in 208 and 209, 1378:    1188:Five Dynasties and 1180:    1115:Southern dynasties 1043:    942:Chu–Han Contention 934:(206 BCE – 220 CE) 5239:Former monarchies 5201: 5200: 5107:Jiuzhaigou Valley 5037: 5029: 4855:Sichuanese garden 4813:Sichuanese liquor 4776: 4768: 4761: 4754: 4745: 4737: 4730: 4723: 4716: 4707: 4692: 4678: 4664: 4623: 4622: 4615:Home Front Period 4404: 4403: 4294:Zhang Yi (Bogong) 4122:Military officers 3680: 3679: 3584:西华师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) 3431: 3430: 3259: 3258: 3252: 3251: 2750: 2749: 2622: 2621: 2023:Battle of Xingshi 1724:, the historian, 1636:Sichuanese Pinyin 1568: 1567: 1525:Transport history 1451:Education history 1423: 1422: 1418: 1417: 1404:Republic of China 1386:People's Republic 1359:Republic of China 1338: 1337: 1287: 1286: 1282: 1281: 1167: 1166: 1100: 1099: 1095: 1094: 1031: 1030: 864:Spring and Autumn 727:Liao civilization 618: 617: 610: 609: 567:Yale Romanization 466:Standard Mandarin 392: 391: 374: 373: 370: 369: 350: 349: 211:• 223 – 263 199:• 221 – 223 90: 89: 82: 5251: 5174: 5173: 5162: 5161: 5035: 5027: 4924:Tibetan Buddhism 4919:Chinese Buddhism 4840:Sichuanese music 4821: 4771: 4764: 4757: 4749: 4748:Mountain ranges 4740: 4733: 4726: 4719: 4711: 4705: 4695: 4691: 4681: 4677: 4667: 4663: 4652: 4606: 4589: 4556: 4494: 4493: 4431: 4424: 4417: 4408: 4407: 4299:Zhang Yi (Junsi) 3707: 3700: 3693: 3684: 3683: 3643: 3636: 3629: 3620: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3579: 3573: 3562:all under Heaven 3556:: "事成,可得天下;不成,退保 3550: 3544: 3541: 3535: 3491: 3485: 3483: 3482: 3474: 3469: 3425:Sixteen Kingdoms 3406: 3398: 3390: 3382: 3357:Emperor Xiaohuai 3344: 3278: 3272: 3263:List of emperors 2771: 2768: 2767: 2766: 2756: 2632: 2628: 2402:Nanchong (state) 2123: 2120: 2119: 2118: 2107: 2104: 1938:and the general 1896:Liu Shan's reign 1814:King of Hanzhong 1808:from his rival, 1632: 1623: 1611: 1610: 1601: 1600: 1599: 1592: 1588: 1587: 1578: 1577: 1560: 1553: 1546: 1488:Military history 1446:Economic history 1434:Related articles 1411: 1393: 1375: 1374: 1370: 1369: 1364: 1331: 1318: 1305: 1292: 1291: 1275: 1262: 1249: 1230: 1220: 1208: 1195: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1171: 1156: 1146: 1133: 1120: 1105: 1104: 1088: 1083:Sixteen Kingdoms 1066: 1056: 1040: 1039: 1035: 1034: 1024: 990: 977: 967: 957: 956:(202 BCE – 9 CE) 947: 935: 922: 909: 908: 887: 879: 877: 873: 870: 860: 850: 838: 836: 832: 829: 814: 812: 808: 805: 791: 789: 785: 782: 767: 765: 761: 758: 708: 706: 702: 699: 643: 633:History of China 620: 619: 606: 605: 604: 589: 588: 575: 574: 554: 553: 552: 537: 536: 523: 522: 509: 508: 495: 494: 481: 480: 457: 456: 433: 432: 417: 416: 394: 393: 366: 365: 354: 353: 341: 340: 334: 333: 318: 317: 260: 124: 114: 105: 104: 103: 92: 91: 85: 78: 74: 71: 65: 60:this article by 51:inline citations 38: 37: 30: 5259: 5258: 5254: 5253: 5252: 5250: 5249: 5248: 5204: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5188:Greater Sichuan 5150: 5127:Mount Qingcheng 5087:Bailu, Pengzhou 5075: 5028:(lingua franca) 5011: 4900: 4859: 4845:Lord of Sichuan 4815: 4779: 4699: 4685: 4671: 4657: 4619: 4600: 4583: 4569: 4550: 4483: 4455: 4441: 4435: 4405: 4400: 4379: 4323: 4117: 3831: 3795: 3764: 3755:Empress Jing'ai 3738: 3717: 3711: 3681: 3676: 3653: 3647: 3617: 3616: 3609: 3595: 3591: 3580: 3576: 3551: 3547: 3542: 3538: 3520:section Yang Xi 3492: 3488: 3470: 3463: 3458: 3436: 3404: 3402: 3396: 3394: 3388: 3386: 3380: 3378: 3368: 3358: 3342: 3340: 3330: 3320: 3319:Emperor Zhaolie 3315: 3287:Posthumous name 3271: 3265: 3260: 3247: 3240: 3233: 3226: 3219: 3212: 3205: 3200: 3193: 3186: 3179: 3172: 3165: 3158: 3151: 3144: 3137: 3130: 3123: 3116: 3109: 3102: 3095: 3088: 3083: 3076: 3069: 3062: 3055: 3048: 3041: 3034: 3027: 3020: 3015: 3008: 3001: 2994: 2987: 2980: 2973: 2966: 2961: 2954: 2947: 2940: 2933: 2926: 2919: 2912: 2907: 2900: 2893: 2886: 2879: 2872: 2865: 2858: 2851: 2844: 2837: 2830: 2825: 2818: 2811: 2804: 2797: 2790: 2785: 2762: 2752: 2745: 2738: 2733: 2726: 2719: 2712: 2705: 2698: 2691: 2686: 2679: 2672: 2665: 2658: 2651: 2646: 2624: 2617: 2610: 2603: 2596: 2591: 2584: 2577: 2570: 2565: 2558: 2551: 2544: 2537: 2530: 2525: 2518: 2511: 2504: 2497: 2490: 2485: 2478: 2471: 2464: 2457: 2450: 2443: 2438: 2431: 2424: 2417: 2410: 2403: 2396: 2395:Xichong (state) 2389: 2384: 2377: 2370: 2363: 2356: 2351: 2344: 2337: 2330: 2323: 2316: 2309: 2302: 2295: 2290: 2283: 2276: 2269: 2262: 2257: 2250: 2243: 2236: 2229: 2222: 2217: 2210: 2203: 2196: 2189: 2182: 2177: 2170: 2163: 2156: 2149: 2142: 2137: 2114: 2101: 2080: 2049: 2041:Main articles: 2039: 1908: 1898: 1866: 1860: 1858:Liu Bei's reign 1755: 1749: 1743: 1738: 1595: 1594: 1564: 1535: 1534: 1530:Women's history 1436: 1435: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1407: 1396: 1391: 1387: 1367: 1362: 1353: 1352: 1341: 1340: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1321: 1316: 1308: 1303: 1289: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1265: 1260: 1252: 1247: 1239: 1233: 1228: 1218: 1206: 1198: 1193: 1189: 1169: 1168: 1163: 1154: 1144: 1136: 1131: 1123: 1118: 1114: 1102: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1078: 1075: 1069: 1064: 1054: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1014: 988: 980: 975: 965: 955: 945: 933: 925: 920: 905: 904: 893: 892: 885: 875: 871: 866: 858: 848: 834: 830: 825: 817: 810: 806: 801: 788: 1046 BCE 787: 783: 778: 770: 764: 1600 BCE 763: 759: 754: 745: 744: 733: 732: 705: 2000 BCE 704: 700: 695: 687: 676: 675: 529:Tongyong Pinyin 501:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 385: 363: 338: 291: 281: 255: 242: 212: 200: 148: 127: 106: 99: 97: 86: 75: 69: 66: 56:Please help to 55: 39: 35: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5257: 5247: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5199: 5198: 5196: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5181: 5180: 5168: 5155: 5152: 5151: 5149: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5083: 5081: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5030: 5021: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5009: 5004: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4985: 4980: 4975: 4970: 4965: 4955: 4940: 4939: 4938: 4928: 4927: 4926: 4921: 4910: 4908: 4902: 4901: 4899: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4867: 4865: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4793:Ba–Shu culture 4789: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4777: 4769: 4762: 4755: 4746: 4738: 4731: 4724: 4717: 4708: 4693: 4679: 4665: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4633: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4595: 4577: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4506: 4500: 4498: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4482: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4465: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4446: 4443: 4442: 4434: 4433: 4426: 4419: 4411: 4402: 4401: 4399: 4398: 4393: 4387: 4385: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4331: 4329: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4125: 4123: 4119: 4118: 4116: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3839: 3837: 3836:Civil officers 3833: 3832: 3830: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3803: 3801: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3772: 3770: 3766: 3765: 3763: 3762: 3757: 3752: 3746: 3744: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3736: 3731: 3725: 3723: 3719: 3718: 3710: 3709: 3702: 3695: 3687: 3678: 3677: 3675: 3674: 3669: 3664: 3658: 3655: 3654: 3650:Three Kingdoms 3646: 3645: 3638: 3631: 3623: 3615: 3614: 3607: 3589: 3574: 3545: 3536: 3486: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3453: 3452: 3447: 3442: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3428: 3409: 3408: 3407: 3399: 3391: 3383: 3373: 3370: 3360: 3355: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3346: 3345: 3335: 3332: 3322: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3307: 3301: 3298: 3294:(in bold) and 3289: 3284: 3275:Shu Han rulers 3264: 3261: 3257: 3256: 3250: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3236: 3235: 3229: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3208: 3207: 3202: 3196: 3195: 3189: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3168: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3154: 3153: 3147: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3133: 3132: 3126: 3125: 3119: 3118: 3112: 3111: 3105: 3104: 3098: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3085: 3079: 3078: 3072: 3071: 3065: 3064: 3058: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3044: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3030: 3029: 3023: 3022: 3017: 3011: 3010: 3004: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2990: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2976: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2950: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2929: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2915: 2914: 2909: 2903: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2889: 2888: 2882: 2881: 2875: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2861: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2847: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2814: 2813: 2807: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2793: 2792: 2787: 2781: 2780: 2777: 2754: 2748: 2747: 2741: 2740: 2735: 2729: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2715: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2701: 2700: 2694: 2693: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2675: 2674: 2668: 2667: 2661: 2660: 2654: 2653: 2648: 2642: 2641: 2638: 2626: 2620: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2606: 2605: 2599: 2598: 2593: 2587: 2586: 2580: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2554: 2553: 2547: 2546: 2540: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2527: 2521: 2520: 2514: 2513: 2507: 2506: 2500: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2487: 2481: 2480: 2474: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2460: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2442:Yong'an (Yufu) 2440: 2434: 2433: 2427: 2426: 2420: 2419: 2413: 2412: 2406: 2405: 2399: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2386: 2380: 2379: 2373: 2372: 2366: 2365: 2359: 2358: 2353: 2347: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2319: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2305: 2304: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2279: 2278: 2272: 2271: 2265: 2264: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2246: 2245: 2239: 2238: 2232: 2231: 2225: 2224: 2219: 2213: 2212: 2206: 2205: 2199: 2198: 2192: 2191: 2185: 2184: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2166: 2165: 2159: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2145: 2144: 2139: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2079: 2076: 2038: 2035: 1897: 1894: 1859: 1856: 1771:Longzhong Plan 1769:, and Zhuge's 1751:Main article: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1699:Kingdom of Han 1664:Three Kingdoms 1644:Middle Chinese 1566: 1565: 1563: 1562: 1555: 1548: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1521: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1484: 1483: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1461:Jewish history 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1415: 1413: 1412: 1399: 1397: 1395: 1394: 1392:(1949–present) 1381: 1379: 1373: 1366: 1365: 1354: 1348: 1347: 1346: 1343: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1320: 1319: 1307: 1306: 1295: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1277: 1276: 1266: 1263: 1253: 1250: 1240: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1231: 1221: 1210: 1209: 1197: 1196: 1183: 1181: 1175: 1165: 1164: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1157: 1135: 1134: 1122: 1121: 1108: 1098: 1097: 1093: 1092: 1090: 1089: 1079: 1076: 1072: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1057: 1046: 1044: 1038: 1029: 1028: 1026: 1025: 1013: 1012: 992: 991: 985:Three Kingdoms 979: 978: 968: 958: 948: 937: 936: 924: 923: 912: 906: 900: 899: 898: 895: 894: 891: 890: 889: 888: 883:Warring States 880: 876: 476 BCE 851: 849:(1046–771 BCE) 840: 839: 835: 256 BCE 816: 815: 793: 792: 769: 768: 746: 740: 739: 738: 735: 734: 731: 730: 710: 709: 686: 685: 677: 671: 670: 669: 666: 665: 664: 663: 661:Historiography 658: 653: 645: 644: 636: 635: 629: 628: 616: 615: 612: 611: 608: 607: 597: 591: 590: 583: 577: 576: 569: 563: 562: 560:Yue: Cantonese 556: 555: 545: 539: 538: 531: 525: 524: 517: 511: 510: 503: 497: 496: 489: 483: 482: 475: 469: 468: 462: 461: 460:Transcriptions 453: 452: 449: 448: 445: 439: 438: 435: 434: 425: 419: 418: 409: 403: 402: 399: 398: 390: 389: 380: 376: 375: 372: 371: 368: 367: 360: 351: 348: 347: 342: 330: 329: 324: 314: 313: 304: 300: 299: 296: 295: 292: 289: 286: 285: 282: 279: 276: 275: 272: 271: 267: 266: 263: 262: 256: 250: 247: 246: 243: 240: 237: 236: 233: 232: 230:Three Kingdoms 227: 226:Historical era 223: 222: 219: 218: 213: 210: 207: 206: 201: 198: 195: 194: 191: 190: 187: 181: 180: 175: 171: 170: 157: 153: 152: 146:Ba–Shu Chinese 143: 139: 138: 133: 129: 128: 125: 117: 116: 108: 107: 98: 95: 88: 87: 42: 40: 33: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5256: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5179: 5178: 5169: 5167: 5166: 5157: 5156: 5153: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5078: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5034: 5031: 5026: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5018: 5014: 5008: 5005: 5002: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4964: 4961: 4960: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4950: 4948: 4944: 4941: 4937: 4934: 4933: 4932: 4929: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4916: 4915: 4912: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4903: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4862: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4835:Sichuan opera 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4819: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4782: 4774: 4770: 4767: 4763: 4760: 4756: 4753: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4725: 4722: 4718: 4715: 4709: 4703: 4698: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4650: 4648: 4647:Chengdu Plain 4645: 4643: 4642:Sichuan Basin 4640: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4604: 4599: 4596: 4593: 4587: 4582: 4579: 4578: 4576: 4572: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4554: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4486: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4466: 4464: 4462: 4458: 4453: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4432: 4427: 4425: 4420: 4418: 4413: 4412: 4409: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4388: 4386: 4382: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4335:Cheng Zhenjue 4333: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4120: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4018:Sima Shengzhi 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3804: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3767: 3761: 3760:Empress Zhang 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3747: 3745: 3741: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3708: 3703: 3701: 3696: 3694: 3689: 3688: 3685: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3659: 3656: 3651: 3644: 3639: 3637: 3632: 3630: 3625: 3624: 3621: 3610: 3604: 3600: 3593: 3585: 3578: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3549: 3540: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3478: 3468: 3466: 3461: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3437: 3426: 3423:state of the 3422: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3400: 3392: 3384: 3376: 3375: 3374: 3371: 3367: 3365: 3361: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3338: 3337: 3336: 3333: 3329: 3327: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3312: 3308: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3296:personal name 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3276: 3270: 3255: 3245: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3224: 3223: 3217: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3184: 3183: 3177: 3176: 3170: 3169: 3163: 3162: 3156: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3142: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3107: 3106: 3100: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3086: 3080: 3074: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3060: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3039: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3025: 3024: 3018: 3012: 3006: 3005: 2999: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2985: 2984: 2978: 2977: 2971: 2970: 2964: 2958: 2952: 2951: 2945: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2931: 2930: 2924: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2910: 2904: 2898: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2884: 2883: 2877: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2863: 2862: 2856: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2842: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2828: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2809: 2808: 2802: 2801: 2795: 2794: 2788: 2782: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2772: 2760: 2755: 2753: 2743: 2742: 2736: 2730: 2724: 2723: 2717: 2716: 2710: 2709: 2703: 2702: 2696: 2695: 2689: 2683: 2677: 2676: 2670: 2669: 2663: 2662: 2656: 2655: 2649: 2643: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2633: 2627: 2625: 2615: 2614: 2608: 2607: 2601: 2600: 2594: 2588: 2582: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2555: 2549: 2548: 2542: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2528: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2502: 2501: 2495: 2494: 2488: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2469: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2441: 2435: 2429: 2428: 2422: 2421: 2415: 2414: 2408: 2407: 2401: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2374: 2368: 2367: 2361: 2360: 2354: 2348: 2342: 2341: 2335: 2334: 2328: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2307: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2281: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2267: 2266: 2260: 2254: 2248: 2247: 2241: 2240: 2234: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2187: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2168: 2167: 2161: 2160: 2154: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2140: 2134: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2096: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2075: 2073: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2048: 2044: 2034: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2007: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1971: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1951: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1928: 1921: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1903: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1874:Jing Province 1871: 1865: 1855: 1851: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1775:Jing Province 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1754: 1748: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1627: 1619: 1615: 1605: 1598: 1591: 1582: 1572: 1561: 1556: 1554: 1549: 1547: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1538: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1493:Naval history 1491: 1489: 1486: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1476:Music history 1474: 1472: 1471:Media history 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1456:Legal history 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1430: 1429: 1410:1949–present) 1406: 1405: 1401: 1400: 1398: 1390: 1389: 1383: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1371: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1351: 1345: 1344: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1322: 1315: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1302: 1301: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1272: 1271: 1267: 1264: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1251: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1237: 1235: 1227: 1226: 1225:Southern Song 1222: 1217: 1216: 1215:Northern Song 1212: 1211: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1199: 1192: 1191: 1185: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1173: 1153: 1150: 1149: 1148: 1147: 1143: 1142: 1138: 1137: 1130: 1129: 1125: 1124: 1117: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1106: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1071: 1063: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1052: 1048: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1036: 1021: 1020: 1016: 1015: 1011: 1010: 1005: 1004: 999: 998: 994: 993: 987: 986: 982: 981: 974: 973: 969: 964: 963: 959: 954: 953: 949: 946:(206–202 BCE) 944: 943: 939: 938: 932: 931: 927: 926: 921:(221–207 BCE) 919: 918: 914: 913: 910: 903: 897: 896: 886:(475–221 BCE) 884: 881: 865: 862: 861: 859:(771–256 BCE) 857: 856: 852: 847: 846: 842: 841: 824: 823: 819: 818: 800: 799: 795: 794: 777: 776: 772: 771: 753: 752: 748: 747: 743: 737: 736: 729: 728: 723: 722: 717: 716: 712: 711: 694: 693: 689: 688: 684: 683: 679: 678: 674: 668: 667: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 648: 647: 646: 642: 638: 637: 634: 631: 630: 626: 622: 621: 613: 603: 598: 596: 592: 584: 582: 578: 570: 568: 564: 561: 557: 551: 546: 544: 540: 532: 530: 526: 518: 516: 512: 504: 502: 498: 490: 488: 484: 476: 474: 470: 467: 463: 458: 454: 450: 446: 444: 440: 436: 431: 426: 424: 420: 415: 410: 408: 404: 400: 395: 388: 384: 381: 379:Today part of 377: 361: 359: 356: 355: 352: 346: 343: 336: 335: 332: 331: 328: 325: 323: 320: 319: 315: 312: 308: 305: 301: 297: 293: 287: 283: 277: 273: 268: 264: 257: 254: 248: 244: 238: 234: 231: 228: 224: 220: 217: 214: 208: 205: 202: 196: 192: 188: 186: 182: 179: 176: 172: 169: 165: 161: 158: 154: 151: 147: 144: 140: 137: 134: 130: 123: 118: 109: 93: 84: 81: 73: 63: 59: 53: 52: 46: 41: 32: 31: 26: 22: 5175: 5163: 5122:Mount Gongga 5001:Main article 4992:Confucianism 4947:Main article 4943:Christianity 4522: 3714: 3666: 3598: 3592: 3583: 3577: 3569: 3565: 3557: 3548: 3539: 3531: 3523: 3497: 3489: 3476: 3363: 3325: 3274: 3253: 2751: 2623: 2085:Zipingpu Dam 2081: 2069: 2050: 2008: 1972: 1952: 1947: 1933: 1916:Qing dynasty 1867: 1852: 1844:Emperor Xian 1837: 1818: 1756: 1707: 1686:, and north 1655: 1647: 1639: 1629: 1613: 1603: 1580: 1570: 1569: 1466:LGBT history 1402: 1384: 1357: 1324: 1311: 1298: 1268: 1255: 1242: 1223: 1213: 1201: 1190:Ten Kingdoms 1186: 1139: 1126: 1113:Northern and 1111: 1081: 1059: 1049: 1017: 1007: 1002: 1001: 995: 989:(220–280 CE) 983: 970: 960: 950: 940: 928: 915: 855:Eastern Zhou 853: 845:Western Zhou 843: 820: 796: 773: 749: 725: 719: 713: 690: 680: 473:Hanyu Pinyin 443:Hanyu Pinyin 327:Succeeded by 326: 321: 311:Chinese cash 164:Confucianism 76: 70:January 2013 67: 48: 4816: [ 4700: [ 4686: [ 4672: [ 4658: [ 4601: [ 4584: [ 4551: [ 4533:Western Shu 4360:Lady Xiahou 4309:Zhuge Shang 4274:Xiang Chong 4179:Huang Zhong 3807:Zhuge Liang 3586:(1): 63–66. 3481:中國通史·魏晉南北朝史 3413:Jin dynasty 3292:Family name 3282:Temple name 2037:Fall of Shu 1956:Yi Province 1876:and avenge 1790:Yi Province 1767:Zhuge Liang 1703:Han dynasty 1513:Discoveries 1508:Cartography 1503:Archaeology 1441:Art history 1330:(1644–1912) 1317:(1368–1644) 1304:(1271–1368) 1274:(1115–1234) 1261:(1038–1227) 1257:Western Xia 1229:(1127–1279) 1061:Eastern Jin 1051:Western Jin 976:(25–220 CE) 972:Eastern Han 952:Western Han 831: 1046 811: 1046 807: 1250 784: 1600 760: 2070 701: 8500 682:Paleolithic 673:Prehistoric 345:Eastern Han 322:Preceded by 290:• 263 280:• 221 62:introducing 5208:Categories 5132:Sanxingdui 5117:Mount Emei 5025:Sichuanese 4871:Sichuanese 4538:Former Shu 4504:Sanxingdui 4350:Lady Huang 4314:Zhuge Zhan 4174:Huang Quan 4113:Zhuge Qiao 4063:Xiang Lang 4033:Wang Chong 4028:Shou Liang 3993:Meng Guang 3913:Guo Youzhi 3750:Empress Wu 3672:Eastern Wu 3608:0520032683 3456:References 3267:See also: 3094:Cun (Mayi) 2775:Commandery 2636:Commandery 2127:Commandery 2019:Cao Shuang 1900:See also: 1890:Baidicheng 1872:to retake 1862:See also: 1714:rump state 1696:Liu Bang's 1518:Inventions 1248:(916–1125) 1219:(960–1127) 1207:(960–1279) 874: – c. 872: 770 833: – c. 809: – c. 798:Late Shang 786: – c. 762: – c. 703: – c. 515:Wade–Giles 270:Population 174:Government 45:references 5193:Chongqing 5061:Jiarongic 5036:(extinct) 5017:Languages 4830:Panda tea 4629:Geography 4543:Later Shu 4528:Cheng-Han 4479:Education 4365:Li Zhaoyi 4345:Lady Guan 4284:Zhang Nan 4279:Zhang Fei 4269:Xiahou Ba 4249:Wang Ping 4164:Gao Xiang 4108:Zhang Bao 4078:Yang Hong 4048:Wang Lian 4003:Qiao Zhou 3933:Huang Hao 3908:Guan Xing 3858:Chen Zhen 3853:Chen Shou 3827:Jiang Wei 3812:Jiang Wan 3743:Empresses 3652:(220–280) 3570:Sanguozhi 3554:Zhong Hui 3528:Yanxi era 3494:Chen Shou 3484:, (1992). 3397:(258–263) 3389:(238–257) 3381:(223–237) 3343:(221–223) 3304:Era names 3199:Yongchang 3143:Shuangbai 2779:Counties 2744:Pingguang 2640:Counties 2569:Jiangyang 2564:Jiangyang 2388:Langzhong 2362:Dianjiang 2355:Jiangzhou 2155:Jiangyuan 2131:Counties 2065:Sima Zhao 2057:Zhong Hui 2027:Jiang Wei 2011:Jiang Wan 1996:Jiang Wei 1920:Wei River 1802:Liu Zhang 1798:Chongqing 1787:took over 1726:Chen Shou 1676:Chongqing 1658:), was a 1194:(907–979) 1155:(690–705) 1145:(618–907) 1132:(581–618) 1119:(420–589) 1087:(304–439) 1065:(317–420) 1055:(266–316) 1023:(266–420) 966:(9–23 CE) 692:Neolithic 656:Dynasties 587:Suk6 Hon3 507:Shuu Hann 294:1,082,000 156:Religion 5184:see also 5165:Category 4914:Buddhism 4906:Religion 4773:Hengduan 4766:Qionglai 4651:Regions 4560:Ming Xia 4518:Chengjia 4469:Politics 4391:Meng Huo 4340:Lady Gan 4304:Zhao Yun 4289:Zhang Ni 4244:Ma Zhong 4224:Luo Xian 4209:Liao Hua 4144:Deng Zhi 4139:Cheng Ji 4134:Chen Shi 4129:Chen Dao 4093:Yao Zhou 4058:Xi Zheng 4043:Wang Hua 4023:She Yuan 3988:Ma Liang 3963:Li Zhuan 3958:Li Xiang 3893:Fan Jian 3878:Du Qiong 3873:Dong Jue 3863:Chen Zhi 3848:Chang Xu 3843:Chang Ji 3817:Dong Yun 3786:Liu Yong 3781:Liu Xuan 3776:Liu Chen 3734:Liu Shan 3722:Emperors 3514:, & 3434:See also 3421:Han-Zhao 3417:Liu Yuan 3377:Jianxing 3211:Yongshou 3192:Jianling 3185:Shengxiu 3178:Tongjing 3082:Jianning 3054:Jincheng 2979:Qingling 2972:Longdong 2953:Guangtan 2817:Tanglang 2810:Nanchang 2796:Nanguang 2759:Nanzhong 2725:Qiangdao 2678:Nanxiang 2664:Mianyang 2657:Baozhong 2650:Nanzheng 2645:Hanzhong 2444:永安 (魚復) 2409:Hanchang 2369:Linjiang 2336:Guangrou 2322:Pingkang 2282:Guanghan 2249:Yangquan 2216:Guanghan 2162:Linqiong 2111:Province 1980:Chang'an 1960:Nanzhong 1948:de facto 1944:Liu Shan 1870:Sun Quan 1821:Sun Quan 1806:Hanzhong 1668:Hanzhong 1481:Timeline 1408:(Taiwan, 1388:of China 902:Imperial 651:Timeline 625:a series 623:Part of 581:Jyutping 573:Suhk Hon 487:Bopomofo 303:Currency 216:Liu Shan 178:Monarchy 111:May 221– 5214:Shu Han 5177:Commons 5066:Qiangic 4886:Tibetan 4785:Culture 4759:Longmen 4728:Jialing 4714:Sichuan 4710:Rivers 4523:Shu Han 4489:History 4474:Economy 4461:General 4452:capital 4448:Chengdu 4438:Sichuan 4396:Shamoke 4375:Yuan Fu 4370:Lady Hu 4355:Lady Mi 4319:Zong Yu 4254:Wei Yan 4229:Ma Chao 4219:Liu Yin 4214:Liu Yan 4169:Gong Lu 4159:Fu Rong 4154:Fu Qian 4149:Feng Xi 4088:Yang Yi 4083:Yang Xi 4073:Xu Jing 4038:Wang Fu 3968:Liao Li 3953:Li Miao 3938:Lai Min 3903:Fei Shi 3888:Du Zhen 3868:Dong He 3800:Regents 3729:Liu Bei 3715:Shu Han 3667:Shu Han 3662:Cao Wei 3572:vol. 28 3566:Shu Han 3401:Yanxing 3393:Jingyao 3372:223–263 3339:Zhangwu 3334:221–223 3232:Suitang 3171:Tonglao 3164:Dianchi 3136:Qinzang 3129:Lianran 3122:Guchang 3108:Tonglai 3096:存 (馬邑) 3075:Duofeng 3047:Hanxing 2993:Xielong 2885:Sanfeng 2878:Qianjie 2864:Anshang 2857:Taideng 2850:Dingzha 2843:Beishui 2836:Qiongdu 2803:Hanyang 2737:Yinping 2732:Yinping 2690:Xiabian 2671:Chenggu 2557:Niubing 2550:Zizhong 2524:Jianwei 2517:Wanning 2503:Hanping 2463:Beijing 2416:Xuanhan 2329:Canling 2294:Wenshan 2289:Wenshan 2275:Wucheng 2235:Mianzhu 2228:Shifang 2202:Hanshou 2141:Chengdu 2093:Sichuan 2089:Chengdu 2078:Economy 2072:Luoyang 2061:Chengdu 2053:Deng Ai 2000:Sima Yi 1992:Shaanxi 1984:Luoyang 1878:Guan Yu 1848:Cao Wei 1833:Guan Yu 1825:Lü Meng 1810:Cao Cao 1794:Sichuan 1763:Liu Bei 1736:History 1718:Cao Wei 1710:Liu Bei 1688:Guangxi 1684:Guizhou 1672:Sichuan 1618:Chinese 1581:Shu Han 1152:Wu Zhou 742:Ancient 721:Yangtze 535:Shǔ Hàn 521:Shu Han 479:Shǔ Hàn 447:Shǔ Hàn 397:Shu Han 387:Myanmar 358:Cao Wei 284:900,000 261:Dec 263 251:•  245:May 221 204:Liu Bei 185:Emperor 136:Chengdu 132:Capital 115:Dec 263 58:improve 25:han shu 5134:& 5033:Ba–Shu 5007:Taoism 4864:People 4742:Yalong 4637:Cities 4574:Events 4548:Li Shu 4511:& 4440:topics 4259:Wu Ban 4234:Ma Dai 4204:Li Hui 4199:Li Yan 4189:Huo Yi 4103:Yin Mo 4053:Wen Li 4013:Ren Xi 4008:Qin Mi 3998:Mi Zhu 3978:Lü Kai 3973:Liu Ba 3928:He Zhi 3923:He Sui 3918:He Pan 3898:Fei Li 3883:Du Wei 3822:Fei Yi 3791:Liu Li 3605:  3532:Ji Han 3309:Notes 3254: 3157:Xiuyun 3150:Yuyuan 3061:Xifeng 3026:Wanwen 3019:Juting 3014:Xinggu 3007:Suijiu 2965:Yunnan 2960:Yunnan 2946:Pingyi 2932:Wulian 2925:Yelang 2918:Tanzhi 2911:Qielan 2906:Zangke 2871:Xindao 2789:Shushi 2784:Shushi 2616:Maoniu 2609:Yandao 2595:Hanjia 2590:Hanjia 2583:Han'an 2536:Nan'an 2529:Wuyang 2510:Hanjia 2496:Fuling 2484:Fuling 2470:Handan 2456:Yangqu 2437:Badong 2430:Dangqu 2315:Miansi 2301:Jiandi 2268:Deyang 2209:Boshui 2181:Zitong 2176:Zitong 2015:Fei Yi 1968:Nanman 1940:Li Yan 1886:Lu Xun 1840:Cao Pi 1680:Yunnan 1628:: 1626:pinyin 1620:: 1604:Ji Han 1350:Modern 1006:, and 724:, and 715:Yellow 627:on the 189:  160:Taoism 47:, but 21:Shuhan 5071:Nuosu 5046:Xiang 5041:Hakka 4997:Islam 4891:Qiang 4881:Xiang 4876:Hakka 4820:] 4704:] 4697:South 4690:] 4683:North 4676:] 4662:] 4605:] 4588:] 4565:Da Xi 4555:] 4264:Wu Yi 4239:Ma Su 4194:Ju Fu 4184:Hu Ji 4098:Yi Ji 4068:Xu Ci 3983:Lü Yi 3948:Li Mi 3943:Li Fu 3508:Zhang 3405:(263) 3385:Yanxi 3354:(N/A) 3314:Liezu 3300:Reign 3246:Bonan 3239:Ailao 3225:Nanfu 3204:Buwei 3101:Mudan 3068:Xisui 3040:Bengu 3033:Louwo 2829:Huiwu 2824:Yuexi 2718:Gudao 2697:Hechi 2543:Bodao 2489:Hanfu 2449:Quren 2423:Anhan 2308:Du'an 2242:Xindu 2195:Hande 1988:Gansu 1827:, to 1783:Hunan 1779:Hubei 1650:< 1648:źjowk 1642:< 1602:) or 1593: 775:Shang 383:China 5056:Kham 4752:Daba 4669:East 4655:West 3603:ISBN 3516:Yang 3512:Zong 3504:Deng 3366:Shan 3359:孝懷皇帝 3321:昭烈皇帝 3218:Bisu 3115:Muma 3000:Yeyu 2986:Gufu 2899:Chan 2892:Suqi 2711:Wudu 2685:Wudu 2404:南充國 2397:西充國 2383:Baxi 2343:Boma 2055:and 2045:and 1990:and 1904:and 1796:and 1781:and 1656:dźok 1326:Qing 1313:Ming 1300:Yuan 1244:Liao 1203:Song 1141:Tang 822:Zhou 813:BCE) 4735:Tuo 4721:Min 4603:yue 4513:Shu 3534:.'" 3518:", 3475:), 3473:鄒紀萬 3403:炎興 3395:景耀 3387:延熙 3379:建興 3364:Liu 3341:章武 3328:Bei 3326:Liu 3248:博南 3241:哀牢 3234:巂唐 3227:南涪 3220:比蘇 3213:永壽 3206:不韋 3194:建伶 3187:勝休 3180:同井 3173:同勞 3166:滇池 3159:修雲 3152:俞元 3145:雙柏 3138:秦臧 3131:連然 3124:穀昌 3117:牧麻 3110:同瀨 3103:母單 3087:Wei 3077:鐸封 3070:西隨 3063:西豐 3056:進乘 3049:漢興 3042:賁古 3035:漏臥 3028:宛溫 3021:句町 3009:遂久 3002:楪榆 2995:邪龍 2988:姑復 2981:青蛉 2974:梇棟 2967:雲南 2955:廣談 2948:平夷 2934:毋斂 2927:夜郎 2920:談指 2913:且蘭 2894:蘇祁 2887:三縫 2880:潛街 2873:新道 2866:安上 2859:臺登 2852:定苲 2845:卑水 2838:邛都 2831:會無 2819:堂狼 2812:南昌 2805:漢陽 2798:南廣 2791:朱提 2746:平廣 2739:陰平 2727:羌道 2720:故道 2713:武都 2699:河池 2692:下辯 2680:南鄉 2673:成固 2666:沔陽 2659:褒中 2652:南鄭 2618:旄牛 2611:嚴道 2597:漢嘉 2585:漢安 2571:江陽 2559:牛鞞 2552:資中 2545:僰道 2538:南安 2531:武陽 2519:萬寧 2512:漢葭 2505:漢平 2498:涪陵 2491:漢復 2472:漢單 2465:北井 2458:羊渠 2451:朐忍 2432:宕渠 2425:安漢 2418:宣漢 2411:漢昌 2390:閬中 2376:Zhi 2371:臨江 2364:墊江 2357:江州 2345:白馬 2338:廣柔 2331:蠶陵 2324:平康 2317:綿虒 2310:都安 2303:湔氐 2296:汶山 2284:廣漢 2277:五城 2270:德陽 2256:Han 2251:陽泉 2244:新都 2237:綿竹 2230:什邡 2221:Luo 2211:白水 2204:漢壽 2197:漢德 2183:梓潼 2164:臨邛 2157:江原 2148:Fan 2143:成都 2136:Shu 2109:Yi 1730:Han 1654:: * 1646:: * 1631:Shǔ 1614:Shu 1571:Han 1270:Jin 1128:Sui 1019:Jin 1003:Shu 997:Wei 962:Xin 930:Han 917:Qin 751:Xia 595:IPA 543:IPA 96:Han 23:or 5210:: 4949:) 4896:Yi 4818:zh 4702:zh 4688:zh 4674:zh 4660:zh 4586:zh 4553:zh 4509:Ba 3558:蜀漢 3524:季漢 3510:, 3506:, 3496:, 3464:^ 3369:劉禪 3331:劉備 3316:烈祖 3201:永昌 3089:味 3084:建寧 3016:興古 2962:雲南 2941:鄨 2939:Bi 2908:牂柯 2901:闡 2826:越巂 2786:朱提 2769:) 2765:南中 2734:陰平 2706:沮 2704:Ju 2687:武都 2647:漢中 2604:徙 2602:Xi 2592:漢嘉 2578:符 2576:Fu 2566:江陽 2526:犍為 2486:涪陵 2479:巫 2477:Wu 2439:巴東 2385:巴西 2378:枳 2350:Ba 2291:汶山 2263:郪 2261:Qi 2223:雒 2218:廣漢 2190:涪 2188:Fu 2178:梓潼 2171:郫 2169:Pi 2150:繁 2121:) 2117:益州 2091:, 2013:, 2006:. 1914:A 1816:. 1761:, 1705:. 1682:, 1678:, 1674:, 1670:, 1640:Su 1638:: 1634:; 1624:; 1609:季漢 1586:蜀漢 1009:Wu 1000:, 869:c. 828:c. 804:c. 781:c. 757:c. 718:, 698:c. 430:蜀汉 414:蜀漢 309:, 259:c. 166:, 162:, 113:c. 5003:) 4999:( 4945:( 4775:) 4750:( 4744:) 4712:( 4706:) 4653:( 4594:) 4590:( 4454:) 4450:( 4430:e 4423:t 4416:v 3706:e 3699:t 3692:v 3642:e 3635:t 3628:v 3611:. 2761:( 2352:巴 2258:漢 2138:蜀 2113:( 1622:蜀 1616:( 1606:( 1583:( 1576:漢 1573:( 1559:e 1552:t 1545:v 878:) 867:( 837:) 826:( 802:( 790:) 779:( 766:) 755:( 707:) 696:( 102:漢 83:) 77:( 72:) 68:( 54:. 27:.

Index

Shuhan
han shu
references
inline citations
improve
introducing
Learn how and when to remove this message
The territories of Shu Han (in light pink), as of 262 A.D.
Chengdu
Ba–Shu Chinese
Eastern Han Chinese
Taoism
Confucianism
Chinese folk religion
Monarchy
Emperor
Liu Bei
Liu Shan
Three Kingdoms
Conquest of Shu by Wei
Ancient Chinese coinage
Chinese cash
Eastern Han
Cao Wei
China
Myanmar
Traditional Chinese
蜀漢
Simplified Chinese
蜀汉

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.