285:
123:
55:
228:
509:
2605:
2615:
572:
623:, to the NW of Beijing. The modern training methods and rules are codified by Shan Pu Ying (善撲营 The Battalion of Excellency in Catching) of the Nei Wu Fu (内務府, Internal Administration Unit of Imperial Household Department). It comprises Beijing, Tianjin and Baoding styles, listed below. Wrestlers wear a jacket called
690:
408:
was reported to have established the
Shanpuying (Manchu: buku kifu kvwaran). This was an institution dedicated to training wrestlers. The camp was located in Beijing and counted 300 members, of which 50 were archers, 50 were riders and the remaining 200 were wrestlers. The camp was split into two
457:
After the fall of the Qing dynasty, many of the former members of the
Shanpuying were forced to make a living teaching wrestling or by busking on the streets. For example, the progenitor of Beijing wrestling was an instructor of the Shanpuying known as Wan Baye (宛八爷), or Wan Yongshun (宛永顺). Wan
448:
held during the deer mating season. The emperors of the Qing would go to
Chengde, beyond the Great Wall, to hold this event. In the event the Inner-Eurasian heritage of the Manchus would be celebrated and Inner-Eurasian subjects of the Manchus, mainly Mongolic, Turkic and Tibetan lords would be
458:
Yongshun was the founder of the
Tianqiao Wrestling School, a prominent wrestling school in Beijing, which gained great popularity in Beijing. This kind of wrestling was unique as it was a blend between the comedic performance art
718:
compiled a wrestling manual of 48 traditional leg catching techniques. Also known as ''Sheep
Wrestling'', it is mainly practiced in the counties between the mining city of Datong in northern Shanxi and the provincial capital
409:
wings, left and right, based on which way the direction the camps are located from the perspective of the
Imperial Palace. Each of the wings was headed by a different wing commander, both of whom answered to the same
413:(總統大臣; "President"). The likely purpose of this split of the camp, Yuhuan writes, was to stimulate rivalry between the two sides so that the wrestlers would always remain competitive. Its members, also called
194:
which was codified by Shan Pu Ying (善撲营 The
Battalion of Excellency in Catching) of the Nei Wu Fu (内務府, Internal Administration Unit of Imperial Household Department). In modern usage it is also the general
453:
hunts were organised so frequently "to subjugate all
Mongols, make them harbour fear might and respect virtue, repressing the head and have them submit so that they do not dare to have intentions."
284:
481:(中華新武術; New Chinese Martial Arts) written by Ma Liang, which was disseminated by the educational department of the Republican Government. This formalised style has been taught in schools since 1928.
424:
Aside from their normal work, the wrestlers could also earn money by receiving rewards from the emperor by doing extra duties such as performing at banquets and accompanying the emperor on his
737:
today. Wrestlers wear only knee-length pants, and the pants can be rolled up above the thigh level to create fold-cuffs that can be used for additional grips when grappling.
273:
who commanded soldiers who used these techniques. In later times, young people would play a similar game, emulating the contests of domestic cattle, without the headgear.
350:
eventually became a public sport held for court amusement as well as for recruiting the best fighters. Competitors wrestled each other on a raised platform called a "
269:
in which soldiers wore horned headgear with which they attempted to butt, throw and defeat their enemies. Ancient
Chinese legends talk about the legendary deity
1035:""Shouwang Tianqiao shuaijiao, shuo de hao haishi shuai de hao" 守望天桥摔跤, 說得好還是摔得好 [Watching Tianqiao wrestling, do they talk better or wrestle better?]"
944:
685:
from Ping Jingyi, a famous teacher of wrestling who learned
Shaolin-style from the Meng family of Nanguan County even though he was a Muslim Hui.
547:
is always written using the more recent characters 跤, and should be translated as "to trip or throw using the legs". The use of the character
2674:
421:
in Manchu) were expected to perform a variety of duties such as guarding the emperor and wrestling with Central-Asian tribute bearers.
723:
in central Shanxi. The main characteristic are ankle picks and leg catching techniques to bring the opponent off the ring or platform(
681:(快跤) or "Fast Wrestling". The main characteristic is the fast application of technique. Another characteristic is the adaptation of
488:" was chosen by the Central Guoshu Institute in 1928 when competition rules were standardized . Subsequently, the first Chinese
1224:
1344:
922:"Forlorn Heritage: The Transformation of Qing Dynasty Manchu Wrestling to Chinese Shuaijiao in Republican and Modern China"
667:. The main characteristic is the use of round, circular movements to use the legs to kick and off-balance, and the use of
2651:
2689:
2295:
1259:
368:
was taught to soldiers in China over many centuries and its popularity among the military guaranteed its influence on
2290:
2144:
1977:
1130:
216:
203:, both inside and outside China. As a generic name, it may be used to cover various styles of wrestling practiced in
2280:
2263:
2258:
2109:
1302:
2243:
641:, Shan Pu Ying (善撲营, literally the Expert in Wrestling Unit). The main characteristic is the use of high-level
1847:
902:
3130:
2253:
2238:
1136:
1486:
369:
3135:
2317:
2248:
980:
Lü 呂, Yuhuan 玉環. ""Qingdai shuaijiao fazhan guocheng yu Qingchao zhengzhi de guanxi" 清代摔跤發展過程與清朝政治的關系".
1217:
17:
2881:
2322:
2916:
2843:
2679:
2345:
1561:
1264:
1072:
470:
2921:
2644:
2618:
2337:
2190:
1769:
1417:
1359:
1312:
1249:
638:
325:
1145:
921:
543:" and the second and recent, 跤, stands for "wrestle or trip using the legs". In modern Chinese
122:
3079:
2795:
2180:
961:
Wang 王, Xiaodong 曉東. ""Qingdai guojia shuaijiao zhuzhi 'Shanpuying' kaolue" 清代國家摔跤組織'善撲營'考略 ".
2699:
2271:
1679:
1349:
1332:
1327:
1254:
1210:
715:
462:(相声; crosstalk) and wrestling, creating a form of comedic performance wrestling art known as
277:
has been described as an originating source of wrestling and latter forms of martial arts in
1967:
2785:
2780:
2149:
1987:
1919:
1464:
1459:
1354:
1317:
1297:
1289:
1244:
1876:
1052:
Ma 馬, Lianzhen 廉祯. ""Ma Liang yu jindai Zhongguo wushu gailiang yundong" 馬良與近代中國武術改良运动 ".
8:
3056:
3031:
3009:
2957:
2704:
2608:
2572:
2480:
2267:
2033:
1899:
1889:
1684:
1674:
1639:
1604:
1369:
1339:
1307:
813:
777:
696:
match, a man has taken control of his rival and is about to throw him off the platform (
3099:
2886:
2863:
2775:
2725:
2637:
2379:
2309:
2056:
1904:
1322:
2029:
54:
3109:
2911:
2896:
2891:
2790:
2755:
2604:
2170:
2129:
1664:
1476:
1469:
1141:
1126:
1039:
Youtube: Zheli shi Beijing 这裏是北京 (Beijing: Beijing dianshitai xinwen pindao 北京电視臺新聞频道
642:
341:
317:
191:
292:
belt plaque, depicting two dismounted horsemen, engaged in a wrestling match, circa
2999:
2828:
1077:
888:
803:
585:
497:
304:
196:
168:
140:
80:
3036:
2962:
2952:
2906:
2760:
2730:
2709:
2684:
2285:
1824:
1784:
1706:
1694:
1659:
1402:
1397:
766:
682:
321:
227:
3104:
2982:
2977:
2926:
2810:
2750:
2539:
2230:
2174:
2114:
2071:
2041:
1774:
1669:
1509:
1449:
1437:
1392:
1387:
868:
846:
604:
540:
516:
493:
405:
336:. These exercises were practiced in the winter by soldiers who also practiced
333:
293:
270:
212:
158:
1034:
740:
Mongolian-style: This style traces its lineage to the wrestling styles of the
3124:
2494:
2462:
2365:
2165:
2124:
1914:
1809:
1779:
1734:
1689:
1571:
1521:
1514:
1432:
749:
741:
734:
555:, players wore helmet with horns and head-butting was allowed. This form of
289:
249:
171:
98:
671:(joint locks) as well as using elbows and forearms in blocking and striking.
548:
536:
528:
449:
invited to join the Great Khan in the festivities. Zhao Yi records that the
2931:
2745:
2475:
2185:
2139:
2061:
2019:
1982:
1934:
1881:
1789:
1729:
1629:
1566:
1556:
1499:
1233:
711:
660:
580:
385:
373:
309:
208:
1192:
2972:
2848:
2765:
2740:
2424:
2091:
2051:
1994:
1804:
1504:
1427:
693:
616:
612:
88:
1197:
2901:
2871:
2833:
2735:
2327:
2081:
2009:
1939:
1909:
1894:
1865:
1853:
1819:
1749:
1624:
1454:
646:
508:
329:
689:
3051:
2853:
2823:
2800:
2694:
2660:
2582:
2577:
2567:
2527:
2522:
2457:
2452:
2412:
2407:
2350:
2332:
2134:
2046:
2014:
1972:
1962:
1924:
1799:
1764:
1754:
1654:
1613:
1591:
1444:
1382:
1187:
1140:
Volume 15, No. 1, 2006. Via Media Publishing, Erie Pennsylvania USA.
388:
enjoyed wrestling. In the Qing dynasty, wrestling was referred to as
357:
200:
84:
31:
1599:
492:
competition was held in 1935. The art continues to be taught in the
3063:
2876:
2770:
2076:
2004:
1952:
1724:
1634:
1581:
1543:
1531:
1407:
1177:
512:
473:
by way of Ma Liang, who wrote the first wrestling manual in China.
3084:
1157:
130:
match. One fighter is trying to "sweep" his rival with a leg hook.
3041:
3021:
2967:
2838:
2818:
2552:
2507:
2442:
2392:
2119:
2104:
2099:
1999:
1957:
1859:
1814:
1759:
1619:
1576:
1526:
818:
808:
798:
788:
745:
725:
720:
698:
674:
668:
656:
650:
630:
361:
352:
337:
266:
236:
183:
179:
175:
265:'horn butting'), refers to an ancient style of military
3094:
3089:
3026:
2994:
2947:
2562:
2547:
2517:
2502:
2470:
2447:
2432:
2402:
2387:
2360:
2066:
1842:
1794:
1744:
1719:
1202:
783:
753:
707:
608:
243:
Over 6,000 years ago, the earliest Chinese term for wrestling,
148:
1162:
440:木蘭圍獵/木蘭秋獮) was a Manchu tradition named after the Manchu word
2989:
2195:
1947:
1739:
1714:
793:
620:
600:
596:
278:
204:
187:
2629:
1172:
592:
Chinese wrestling can be divided into the following styles:
3046:
3004:
2557:
2512:
2437:
2397:
1649:
1609:
1551:
1494:
1422:
1182:
823:
771:
730:
1022:. Edo 江戸: Yamada-ya Sasuke 山田屋佐助. pp. Juan 1 page 14.
364:
or a martial arts instructor for the Imperial Military.
1834:
1167:
733:
today, as well as leg-catch takedowns that are seen in
633:-style: This is in essence the lineage from the Manchu
571:
1102:. Taiyuan: Shanxi renmin chubanshe 山西人民出版社. p. 4.
535:" may be one of two characters: the first and older,
477:
was henceforth formalised in 1917 through the manual
866:
1070:
108:
Unknown (said to have existed for over 6,000 years)
379:
531:), stands for "to throw onto the ground", while "
3122:
1198:Middle Kingdom Wrestling - Chinese Pro Wrestling
903:"Shuai Jiao: China's Indigenous Wrestling Style"
884:
882:
1117:Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Chinese Language
356:" for the potential reward of being hired as a
63:wrestlers testing each other in Tianjin, China.
999:Wang 王, Saishi 賽時. ""Cong buku dao shanpu" ".
566:
2645:
1218:
1188:Mongolian Shuai Jiao Association: Shuai Chiao
879:
603:–style: This style traces the lineage to the
211:system or a sport. The art was introduced to
2690:International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation
710:-style: This is the lineage of traditional
677:-style: This is the lineage that is called
260:
2652:
2638:
1225:
1211:
900:
841:
839:
688:
607:who fought two decisive battles against
570:
507:
283:
226:
167:) is the term pertaining to the ancient
121:
2217:
829:
163:
14:
3123:
1183:World Shuai Chiao Society: Shuai Chiao
1097:
1073:"Kungfu Styles of the Past Millennium"
1032:
1017:
938:
2633:
2216:
1277:
1206:
1163:United States Shuai Chiao Association
836:
1158:ShuaijiaoNation.com Online Community
1064:
956:
954:
72:Kung Fu Wrestling, Chinese Wrestling
1123:Chinese Fast Wrestling for Fighting
901:Matuszak, Sascha (March 12, 2015).
551:is because in the earliest form of
24:
1278:
998:
960:
926:MA Asian Studies Leiden University
25:
3147:
2145:Marine Corps Martial Arts Program
1151:
1125:, Liang, Shou-Yu and Tai D. Ngo,
951:
869:"The Method of Chinese Wrestling"
27:Style of Kung-Fu jacket wrestling
2613:
2603:
2110:Historical European martial arts
1232:
1051:
979:
919:
729:), similar to a concept used in
637:style that was practiced by the
469:Wrestling made its way into the
53:
2614:
1091:
1045:
1026:
1011:
891:. Chapter 6, Yuèlìng. Line 108.
659:-style: This is the lineage of
380:Qing dynasty and Republican Era
992:
973:
932:
913:
894:
860:
744:Confederation, which included
503:
255:
153:
13:
1:
2659:
1137:Journal of Asian Martial Arts
519:match during the Tang dynasty
217:Republic of China (1912–1949)
2941:Grappling-based martial arts
867:Zhongyi Tong; Tim Cartmell.
663:wrestling mixed with Manchu
302:was first referenced in the
7:
1100:Zhongguoshi shuaijiao 中國式摔跤
1071:Burr, Martha; Ching, Gene.
760:
567:Styles of Chinese wrestling
215:in the Republican era (see
10:
3152:
849:. Chinese Kuoshu Institute
466:(武相声; martial crosstalk).
438:Mulan Weilie/Mulan Qiuxian
370:later Chinese martial arts
222:
29:
3072:
2940:
2882:Collar-and-elbow position
2862:
2809:
2718:
2667:
2599:
2536:
2491:
2421:
2376:
2306:
2227:
2223:
2212:
2158:
2090:
2028:
1933:
1875:
1833:
1705:
1590:
1542:
1485:
1368:
1288:
1284:
1273:
1240:
1168:European Shuai Jiao Union
1098:Wang 王, Jinyu 金玉 (1989).
384:The Manchu rulers of the
248:
144:
112:
104:
94:
76:
68:
52:
2844:Small joint manipulation
2680:Craig Jones Invitational
1173:British Shuai Jiao Union
649:and pick-up techniques.
471:Central Guoshu Institute
30:Not to be confused with
2342:Former official sports
1770:Northern Praying Mantis
1345:Mainland Southeast Asia
1193:Shuai Chiao Association
939:Zhao 昭, Lian 梿 (1980).
847:"History of Shuai Jiao"
639:Imperial Guards Brigade
372:through the end of the
3080:Brazilian jiu-jitsu gi
2181:Professional wrestling
1848:Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu
703:
589:
520:
296:
240:
131:
2700:Polaris Pro Grappling
2277:Demonstration sports
1018:Zhao 趙, Yi 翼 (1829).
716:Emperor Taizu of Song
692:
574:
511:
287:
230:
199:term for any form of
125:
3131:Chinese martial arts
2917:North–south position
2537:Martial arts at the
2492:Martial arts at the
2422:Martial arts at the
2377:Martial arts at the
2357:Invitational sports
2307:Martial arts at the
2228:Martial arts at the
2150:Pencak Silat Harimau
1988:Pencak Silat Harimau
1920:Submission wrestling
1625:Luta Livre esportiva
830:Notes and references
583:was recorded in the
3032:Mongolian wrestling
2958:Brazilian jiu-jitsu
2922:Over–under position
2218:International games
1900:Full contact karate
1890:Professional boxing
1605:Brazilian jiu-jitsu
941:Xiaoting zalu 嘯亭雜錄
318:throwing techniques
49:
3136:Wrestling in China
3100:Wrestling headgear
2864:Grappling position
2719:General techniques
2380:Pan American Games
2057:Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu
1968:Jieitaikakutōjutsu
1905:Mixed martial arts
1178:Combat Shuai Chiao
1111:General references
982:Lantai Shijie 蘭臺世界
704:
590:
521:
498:military academies
479:Zhonghua Xin Wushu
297:
241:
132:
41:
3118:
3117:
3110:Wrestling singlet
2892:Crucifix position
2627:
2626:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2171:Martial arts film
1054:Huizu Yanjiu 回族研究
920:Zhao, Alex Xian.
714:wrestling, where
643:back-carry throws
342:military strategy
263:
207:in the form of a
192:North China Plain
120:
119:
95:Country of origin
16:(Redirected from
3143:
3000:Jacket wrestling
2829:Compression lock
2654:
2647:
2640:
2631:
2630:
2617:
2616:
2607:
2225:
2224:
2214:
2213:
1286:
1285:
1275:
1274:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1119:, entry 35831.82
1104:
1103:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1078:Kung Fu Magazine
1068:
1062:
1061:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1020:Yanpu Zaji 簷曝雜記
1015:
1009:
1008:
1001:Tiyu Wenshi 體育文史
996:
990:
989:
977:
971:
970:
963:Tiyu Xuekan 體育學刊
958:
949:
948:
947:中華書局. p. 5.
936:
930:
929:
917:
911:
910:
898:
892:
889:Classic of Rites
886:
877:
876:
864:
858:
857:
855:
854:
843:
804:Wu-style tai chi
586:Classic of Rites
575:The practice of
305:Classic of Rites
264:
261:
257:
252:
197:Mandarin Chinese
190:Province in the
169:jacket wrestling
165:
155:
146:
81:Jacket wrestling
57:
50:
48:
40:
21:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3114:
3068:
3037:Shoot wrestling
2963:Catch wrestling
2953:Beach wrestling
2936:
2907:Knee-on-stomach
2858:
2805:
2761:Ippon seoi nage
2731:Clinch fighting
2714:
2710:COPA de Bangkok
2685:Grapplers Quest
2663:
2658:
2628:
2623:
2587:
2538:
2532:
2493:
2487:
2423:
2417:
2378:
2372:
2308:
2302:
2231:Summer Olympics
2229:
2219:
2200:
2154:
2086:
2024:
1938:
1929:
1880:
1871:
1829:
1825:Yoshukai Karate
1785:Shaolin kung fu
1701:
1586:
1562:Practice weapon
1538:
1481:
1371:
1364:
1290:Regional origin
1280:
1269:
1236:
1231:
1154:
1108:
1107:
1096:
1092:
1083:
1081:
1069:
1065:
1050:
1046:
1033:Li Xin (2015).
1031:
1027:
1016:
1012:
997:
993:
978:
974:
959:
952:
937:
933:
918:
914:
899:
895:
887:
880:
865:
861:
852:
850:
845:
844:
837:
832:
767:Chang Dongsheng
763:
683:Shaolin kung fu
653:were also used.
569:
506:
411:Zongtong Dachen
382:
334:pressure points
332:and attacks on
225:
64:
46:
45:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3149:
3139:
3138:
3133:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3105:Wrestling shoe
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3007:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2978:Folk wrestling
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2927:Pinch grip tie
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2811:Grappling hold
2807:
2806:
2804:
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69:Also known as
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2932:Side control
2746:Fish-hooking
2668:Competitions
2476:Pencak silat
2186:Stage combat
2140:Mardani khel
2062:Jeet Kune Do
2020:Silat Melayu
1983:Pencak silat
1935:Self-defense
1877:Full contact
1864:
1852:
1790:Shoot boxing
1730:Chess boxing
1644:
1630:Malla-yuddha
1567:Punching bag
1557:Boxing glove
1414:Leg strikes
1393:Elbow strike
1379:Arm strikes
1234:Martial arts
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1082:. Retrieved
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851:. Retrieved
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2849:Spinal lock
2766:Nelson hold
2741:Eye-gouging
2425:Asian Games
2310:World Games
2272:Greco-Roman
2092:Battlefield
2052:Chun Kuk Do
1995:Suffrajitsu
1805:Tang Soo Do
1680:Greco-Roman
1433:Knee strike
1350:Philippines
943:. Beijing:
694:Qin dynasty
617:Zhangjiakou
613:Yan Emperor
504:Translation
428:hunts. The
330:joint locks
308:during the
288:An ancient
235:masters in
164:Shuai-chiao
89:Joint locks
3125:Categories
3015:Shuai jiao
2902:Half guard
2872:Back mount
2834:Joint lock
2796:Transition
2736:Collar tie
2467:2018 Only
2328:Kickboxing
2082:Qwan Ki Do
2010:To-Shin Do
1940:combatives
1910:Pankration
1895:Kickboxing
1866:Xingyiquan
1854:Baguazhang
1820:Wudangquan
1750:Kickboxing
1645:Shuai jiao
1455:Joint lock
1372:techniques
1084:2006-01-26
853:2006-01-26
647:leg sweeps
619:Region in
559:is called
557:shuai jiao
553:shuai jiao
545:shuai jiao
523:The word "
500:of China.
490:shuai jiao
486:shuai jiao
484:The term "
475:Shuai jiao
460:xiangsheng
233:shuai jiao
159:Wade–Giles
136:Shuai jiao
128:shuai jiao
61:shuai jiao
43:Shuai jiao
18:Shuai Jiao
3073:Equipment
3052:Wrestling
2973:Dishuquan
2854:Wristlock
2824:Chokehold
2801:Underhook
2695:Metamoris
2661:Grappling
2583:Wrestling
2578:Taekwondo
2528:Wrestling
2523:Taekwondo
2458:Wrestling
2453:Taekwondo
2413:Wrestling
2408:Taekwondo
2351:Taekwondo
2333:Muay Thai
2268:freestyle
2264:Wrestling
2259:Taekwondo
2135:Krav Maga
2047:Angampora
2015:Wing Chun
1973:Krav Maga
1963:Kajukenbo
1925:Vale Tudo
1800:Taekwondo
1765:Muay Thai
1755:Kun Khmer
1685:Mongolian
1675:freestyle
1655:Wrestling
1614:Para judo
1592:Grappling
1445:Grappling
1383:Chokehold
1313:Indonesia
1146:1057-8358
907:Fightland
651:Arm-locks
358:bodyguard
201:wrestling
174:style of
154:Shuāijiāo
126:A modern
85:Grappling
33:Shui jiao
3064:Yongmudo
2877:Bear hug
2786:Takedown
2771:Overhook
2568:Muaythai
2318:Ju-jitsu
2191:Tricking
2175:Chanbara
2077:Unifight
2030:Eclectic
2005:Taekkyon
1953:Bartitsu
1835:Internal
1725:Capoeira
1707:Striking
1635:Pehlwani
1582:Sparring
1544:Training
1532:Shooting
1477:Stand-up
1465:Takedown
1418:Footwork
1408:Headbutt
1370:Unarmed
1255:Timeline
1007:: 14–15.
761:See also
679:kuaijiao
611:and the
561:chiyouxi
444:for the
394:guanjiao
390:liaojiao
145:摔跤 or 摔角
3042:Ssireum
3022:Jujutsu
2968:Chin Na
2839:Leglock
2819:Armlock
2705:Quintet
2619:Outline
2553:Fencing
2508:Fencing
2443:Jujutsu
2393:Fencing
2244:Fencing
2120:Jujutsu
2105:Bokator
2100:Banshay
2034:hybrids
2000:Systema
1958:Hapkido
1860:Tai chi
1815:Vovinam
1760:Lethwei
1665:Cornish
1620:Jujutsu
1577:Randori
1527:Archery
1487:Weapons
1360:Vietnam
1333:Okinawa
1323:Ireland
1318:Italian
1260:Records
1250:History
819:Ssireum
809:Jujutsu
799:Chin Na
789:Khuresh
756:people.
746:Xianbei
726:lei tai
721:Taiyuan
699:lei tai
675:Baoding
657:Tianjin
631:Beijing
579:in the
577:jiao li
366:Jiao li
362:emperor
360:to the
353:lei tai
348:Jiao li
338:archery
322:strikes
314:Jiao li
300:jiao li
267:kung fu
239:, 1930.
237:Tianjin
223:History
184:Baoding
180:Tianjin
176:Beijing
141:Chinese
105:Creator
3095:Judogi
3090:Gunbai
3057:Styles
3027:Kurash
2995:Gouren
2948:Aikido
2887:Cradle
2776:Sprawl
2726:Bridge
2609:Portal
2563:Karate
2548:Boxing
2518:Karate
2503:Boxing
2471:Kurash
2448:Karate
2433:Boxing
2403:Karate
2388:Boxing
2361:Aikido
2323:Karate
2296:Savate
2254:Karate
2239:Boxing
2067:Shooto
1843:Aikido
1795:Savate
1745:Karate
1720:Boxing
1600:Barróg
1428:Flying
1403:Ground
1398:Clinch
1355:Russia
1303:Europe
1144:
1129:
969:: 113.
873:Amazon
784:Kurash
754:Mongol
750:Khitan
742:Donghu
708:Shanxi
669:Qin-na
625:dalian
609:Chiyou
494:police
446:battue
426:battue
404:. The
326:blocks
275:Jiaodi
256:jǐaodǐ
245:jiaodi
161::
151::
149:pinyin
143::
3085:Dohyō
3010:Sambo
2990:Glima
2912:Mount
2897:Guard
2791:Throw
2781:Sweep
2756:Hooks
2573:Sambo
2481:Sambo
2463:Wushu
2366:Wushu
2346:Sambo
2291:Glima
2196:Wuxia
1978:MCMAP
1948:Arnis
1780:Sanda
1740:Dambe
1715:Bando
1695:shoot
1660:catch
1640:Sambo
1470:Throw
1460:Sweep
1438:Stomp
1388:Punch
1340:Korea
1328:Japan
1308:India
1298:China
988:: 94.
928:: 39.
814:Sambo
794:Alysh
735:Sanda
627:(褡裢).
601:Hebei
599:– or
597:Zhili
541:horns
525:shuai
451:Mulan
442:muran
434:Mulan
320:with
279:China
205:China
188:Hebei
172:wushu
77:Focus
3047:Sumo
3005:Judo
2983:Belt
2675:ADCC
2558:Judo
2513:Judo
2438:Judo
2398:Judo
2338:Sumo
2281:Budō
2249:Judo
1670:folk
1650:Sumo
1610:Judo
1552:Kata
1495:Duel
1450:Hold
1423:Kick
1142:ISSN
1127:ISBN
1060:: 3.
824:Sumo
778:Bokh
772:Judo
752:and
731:Sumo
665:buku
635:buku
533:jiao
496:and
419:buku
417:(or
415:puhu
400:and
398:buku
262:lit.
231:Six
182:and
59:Two
1690:oil
527:" (
186:of
3127::
2270:,
2032:/
1075:.
1056:.
1037:.
1003:.
984:.
967:22
965:.
953:^
924:.
905:.
881:^
871:.
838:^
748:,
702:).
645:,
563:.
396:,
392:,
376:.
344:.
328:,
324:,
312:.
281:.
259:;
250:角抵
178:,
157:;
147:;
116:No
87:,
83:,
47:摔跤
2653:e
2646:t
2639:v
2274:)
2266:(
2177:)
2173:(
1937:/
1879:/
1616:)
1612:(
1226:e
1219:t
1212:v
1087:.
1058:1
1041:.
1005:3
986:6
909:.
875:.
856:.
549:角
537:角
529:摔
432:/
139:(
36:.
20:)
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