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60:, which acquires the signature in real time. Another possibility is the acquisition by means of stylus-operated PDAs. Some systems also operate on smart-phones or tablets with a capacitive screen, where users can sign using a finger or an appropriate pen. Dynamic recognition is also known as "on-line". Dynamic information usually consists of the following information:
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Houmani, Nesmaa; A. Mayoue; S. Garcia-Salicetti; B. Dorizzi; M.I. Khalil; M. Mostafa; H. Abbas; Z.T. Kardkovàcs; D. Muramatsu; B. Yanikoglu; A. Kholmatov; M. Martinez-Diaz; J. Fierrez; J. Ortega-Garcia; J. Roure Alcobé; J. Fabregas; M. Faundez-Zanuy; J. M. Pascual-Gaspar; V. Cardeñoso-Payo; C.
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on paper, and after the writing is complete, it is digitized through an optical scanner or a camera to turn the signature image into bits. The biometric system then recognizes the signature analyzing its shape. This group is also known as "off-line".
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Ortega-Garcia, Javier; J. Fierrez; D. Simon; J. Gonzalez; M. Faúndez-Zanuy; V. Espinosa; A. Satue; I. Hernaez; J.-J. Igarza; C. Vivaracho; D. Escudero; Q.-I. Moro (2003). "MCYT baseline corpus: A bimodal biometric database".
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Example of dynamic information of a signature. Looking at the pressure information it can be seen that the user has lift the pen 3 times in the middle of the signature (areas with pressure equal to zero).
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Vivaracho-Pascual (March 2012). "BioSecure signature evaluation campaign (BSEC'2009): Evaluating online signature algorithms depending on the quality of signatures".
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Yeung, D. H.; Xiong, Y.; George, S.; Kashi, R.; Matsumoto, T.; Rigoll, G. (2004). "SVC2004: First
International Signature Verification Competition".
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Recently, a handwritten biometric approach has also been proposed. In this case, the user is recognized analyzing his handwritten text (see also
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The state-of-the-art in signature recognition can be found in the last major international competition.
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that identifies a person based on their handwriting. It can be operated in two different ways:
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Chapran, J. (2006). "Biometric Writer
Identification: Feature Analysis and Classification".
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Faundez-Zanuy, Marcos (2007). "On-line signature recognition based on VQ-DTW".
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Several public databases exist, being the most popular ones SVC, and MCYT.
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International
Journal of Pattern Recognition & Artificial Intelligence
324:. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 3072. pp. 16–22.
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141:"Off-line arabic signature recognition and verification"
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IEE Proceedings - Vision, Image, and Signal
Processing
190:"Explainer: Signature Recognition | Biometric Update"
102:. Combinations of different techniques also exist.
90:techniques applied for signature recognition are
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139:Ismail, M.A.; Gad, Samia (Oct 2000).
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35:is an example of behavioral
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307:10.1142/s0218001406004831
322:Biometric Authentication
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194:www.biometricupdate.com
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64:spatial coordinate x(t)
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272:2007PatRe..40..981F
260:Pattern Recognition
229:2012PatRe..45..993H
217:Pattern Recognition
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145:Pattern Recognition
100:vector quantization
88:pattern recognition
106:Related techniques
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