38:
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in 1941. Bultmann suggested that the author(s) of John depended in part on an author who wrote an earlier account. This hypothetical "Signs Gospel" listing Christ's miracles was independent of, and not used by, the synoptic gospels. It was believed to have been circulating before the year 70 AD.
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The order of the signs in the Gospel of John is different from their order in the reconstructed Signs Gospel. In the Signs Gospel, they are presented in a geographically logical order, going from
Galilee to Jerusalem. In the Gospel of John, they have been rearranged to reflect Jesus' repeated
249:
321:
One possible construction of the "internal evidence" states that the
Beloved Disciple wrote an account of the life of Jesus. However, this disciple died unexpectedly, necessitating that a revised gospel be written. In other words, it may be that John “is the source" of the
326:
tradition but "not the final writer of the tradition." Therefore, scholars are no longer looking for the identity of a single writer but for numerous authors whose authorship has been absorbed into the gospel's development over a period of time and in several stages.
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dates from around 180 It states that while John was the primary author, several people were involved, that mutual revision was part of the original intent of the authors, and that the editors included the apostle Andrew. (Geza Vermes,
364:
to be the
Beloved Disciple. They argue that the disciple who formed this community was both a historical person and a companion of Jesus Christ. Brown also suggests that the Beloved Disciple had been a follower of
722:: "Although the evidence is not entirely unambiguous and scholarly opinion is not unanimous, the trend of much recent work is against John's dependence upon the Synoptics", accessed 6 February 2016
617:: "Once it is granted that John's miracle tradition is not based upon the Synoptics, a miracle source (or a source that included miracles) becomes a reasonable hypothesis", accessed 6 February 2016
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404:
essays attached superficially - even "mechanically" at some points - to the former source. The other - earlier - style is the original 2-part Signs Gospel, consisting of a
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movements to and from
Jerusalem. This would explain some of the geographical difficulties in the Gospel of John, such as the sudden shift from Judaea to Galilee in
37:
626:
43:
690:
Frank E. Peters "How to
Proceed" The Quest: The Historians' Quest for the Historical Jesus and Muhammad, Modern Scholar 2008.
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Fortna, Robert Tomson (2007). "The Gospel of John and the Signs Gospel". In
Thatcher, Tom (ed.).
412:(PQ). It is simple, direct and historical in style and can be roughly reconstructed as follows:
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What we have heard from the beginning: the past, present, and future of
Johannine studies
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which some scholars have suggested could have been a primary source document for the
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D. Moody Smith (1976), "The
Setting and Shape of a Johannine Narrative Source", in
680:, Volume 1, Symposium series, no. 44, Society of Biblical Literature Pub, 2007 p.77
631:, Volume 1, Symposium series, no. 44, Society of Biblical Literature Pub, 2007 p.78
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D. Moody Smith (1976), "The
Setting and Shape of a Johannine Narrative Source", in
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392:, argued that there are at least two distinct writing styles contained in the
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It is now widely agreed that the Gospel of John draws upon a tradition of
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being composed in layers over a period of time originated in the work of
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Nevertheless, this hypothesis has not disappeared. Scholars such as
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of the
Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian, 18th century (
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John, Jesus, and History: Critical Appraisals of Critical Views
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John, Jesus, and History: Critical Appraisals of Critical Views
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396:. The later style contains highly developed and sophisticated
666:, London, Penguin Books. 2004. A note on sources, p. x-xvii.)
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proceedings were instituted against him and his writings.
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Hypothetical gospel account of the life of Jesus Christ
313:(sign or miracle) source has gained some acceptance.
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376:which is substantially independent of the three
344:Bultmann's conclusion was so controversial that
293:is a hypothetical gospel account of the life of
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773:. Baylor University Press. pp. 150–152.
309:was published in 1941, the hypothesis of a
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615:, Vol. 95, No. 2 (June 1976), pp. 231-241
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594:, Westminster ,John Knox Press, 1971,
734:The Fourth Gospel and its Predecessor
702:The Community of the Beloved Disciple
644:The Community of the Beloved Disciple
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360:believe the original author of the
199:Holy Spirit in Johannine literature
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592:The Gospel of John: A Commentary
460:Healing the man blind from birth
430:Healing the royal official's son
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388:Robert Fortna, a member of the
301:. This theory has its basis in
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204:John's vision of the Son of Man
732:Fortna, Robert Tomson (1988).
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664:The authentic gospel of Jesus
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588:Das Evangelium des Johannes
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750:. Early Christian Writings
305:. Since the commentary of
44:Saint John the Evangelist
787:Text of the Signs Gospel
550:Conclusion (20:30-31ab)
807:Hypothetical documents
700:Raymond Edward Brown,
642:Raymond Edward Brown,
590:(1941), translated as
509:Before the High Priest
369:before joining Jesus.
335:The hypothesis of the
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704:, Paulist Press, 1979
646:, Paulist Press, 1979
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812:Johannine literature
539:Do not hold on to me
57:Johannine literature
659:Muratorian fragment
527:Joseph of Arimathea
187:Johannine community
802:Biblical criticism
748:"The Signs Gospel"
676:Paul N. Anderson,
627:Paul N. Anderson,
497:Entering Jerusalem
491:Mary anoints Jesus
473:Plot to kill Jesus
454:Raising of Lazarus
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150:Related literature
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436:Catch of 153 fish
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432:(2:12a,4:46b-54)
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378:synoptic gospels
367:John the Baptist
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408:(SQ) and a
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270:Monastery,
260:Iconostasis
49:Domenichino
796:Categories
706:pp.31 - 34
648:pp.31 - 34
576:References
547:(20:19-22)
541:(20:11-18)
533:Empty tomb
529:(19:38-42)
511:(18:12-27)
499:(12:12-15)
487:(12:37-40)
475:(11:47-53)
159:Apocryphon
131:Evangelist
111:Authorship
94:Revelation
535:(20:1-10)
505:(18:1-11)
481:(2:14-19)
456:(11:1-45)
450:(6:15-25)
438:(21:1-14)
324:Johannine
141:Presbyter
564:See also
558:John 6:1
493:(12:1-8)
444:(6:1-14)
426:(2:1-11)
331:Bultmann
266:Church,
178:See also
72:Epistles
24:a series
22:Part of
469:(5:2-9)
462:(9:1-8)
398:midrash
286:or the
272:Karelia
121:Apostle
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503:Arrest
346:heresy
311:semeia
291:source
289:semeia
276:Russia
136:Patmos
99:Events
82:Second
67:Gospel
268:Kizhi
193:Logos
87:Third
77:First
756:2018
657:The
596:ISBN
400:and
282:The
256:icon
164:Acts
262:of
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