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her eyes by a hostile police agent. Evans was expelled from the country. Gladstone had been apprised of the situation immediately, but, as far as the public knew, did nothing. The government in Vienna similarly disavowed any knowledge of or connection to the actions of the local authorities. The Evans returned home to rent a house in Oxford, abandoning their villa, which became a hotel. However, Evans's reputation among the Slavs assumed unassailable proportions. He was invited later to play a role in the formation of the pre-Yugoslav state. In 1941 the government of
Yugoslavia sent representatives to his funeral.
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concentrate on writing up his Minoan work. In 1912 he refused the opportunity to become president of the
Society of Antiquaries, a position which his father had already held. But in 1914 at the age of 63, when he was too old to take part in the War, he took on the presidency of the Antiquaries which carried with it an ex officio appointment as a Trustee of the British Museum and he spent the War successfully fighting the War Office who wanted to commandeer the museum for the Air Board. He thus played a major role in the history of the British Museum as well as in the history of the Ashmolean Museum.
1194:. He took a combative stance in his journalism, criticising the Ottoman Empire for its 'corruption' and the British empire for 'collaborating with the Ottomans.' Many officials of that empire had been Greek. Now they were working with the British to build a Cretan government. Evans accused these officials of being part of "the Turco-British regime". He deplored religiously motivated violence, be it from Muslims or Christians. His critical journalism caused friction with the local administration, and he was forced to call on friends higher up in the government to avoid problems.
434:. They competed for the Natural History Prize; the outcome was a draw. They were both highly athletic, including riding and swimming, and also mountain-climbing, at which Balfour was killed later in life. Evans was near-sighted, but refused to wear glasses. His close-up vision was better than normal, enabling him to see detail missed by others. Farther away his field of vision was blurry and he compensated by carrying a cane, which he called Prodger, to explore the environment. His wit was very sharp, too sharp for the administration, which stopped a periodical he had started,
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568:, who had spent some years in Britain, and was a friend of Green. The study would be preparatory to doing research in modern history at Göttingen. The arrangement may have been meant as a remedial plan. On the way to Göttingen, Evans was sidetracked, unpropitiously for the modern history plan, by some illegal excavations at Trier. He had noticed that the tombs were being plundered surreptitiously. For the sake of preserving some artefacts, he hired a crew, performed such hasty excavations as he could, crated the material and sent it home to John.
1119:, to acquire the site. The owners would not sell to individuals, who could not afford it, but they would sell to a fund. Apparently Evans did not bother to explain that he was the only contributor. He bought 1/4 of the site with first option to buy the rest later. The firman was still in deficit. Politics in Crete were taking a violent turn however. Anything might happen. Evans returned to London to wind up his affairs there and make sure the Ashmolean had suitable direction in the event of his further absence.
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958:, near Oxford. He wanted to buy 60 acres to build a home for Margaret on the hill. She approved the location, so he convinced his father to put up the money. Then he had the tops of the pines cut, eight feet from the ground, on which he had built a platform and a log cabin to serve as a temporary quarters while the mansion was being built. His intent was to keep her from the cold, damp ground. Apparently she never lived there. They were away again for the winter, Margaret to winter with her sister in
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March 1892. Always of precarious health, he had heard that Spain had a salubrious climate. Travelling there to test the hypothesis and perhaps improve his physical condition, he contracted smallpox and was gone in a few days. His oldest daughter did not survive him long. Always of precarious health herself – she is said to have had tuberculosis – she was too weak to prepare her father's papers for publication, so she delegated the task to a family friend, Reverend
William Stephens.
1326:. As some of them are now missing, the transcriptions are the only source of the marks on the tablets. He perceived that the scripts were two different and mutually exclusive writing systems, which later he termed into Linear A and Linear B. The A script appeared to have preceded the B. Evans dated the Linear B Chariot Tablets, so called from their depictions of chariots, at Knossos to immediately prior to the catastrophic Minoan civilisation collapse of the 15th century BC.
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897:. Already the great frontage building had been erected. Evans took it in the direction of being an archaeology museum. He insisted the artefacts be transferred back to the museum, negotiated for and succeeded in acquiring Fortnum's collections, later gave his father's collections to the museum, and finally, bequeathed his own Minoan collections, not without the intended effect. Today it has the finest Minoan assemblages outside Crete. Evans gave the
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walled enclosure ... was finally blown in, and the defenders laid down their arms, understanding, it would appear, that their lives were to be spared. Men, women and children, they were all led forth to the church of St. Sophia, which lies on a hill about half an hour above the village, and then and there dispatched—the men cut to pieces, the women and children shot. A young girl who had fainted, and was left for dead, alone lived to tell the tale.
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3123:. Vol. IV Part II: Camp-stool Fresco, long-robed priests and beneficent genii, Chryselephantine Boy-God and ritual hair-offering, Intaglio Types, M.M. III – L. M. II, late hoards of sealings, deposits of inscribed tablets and the palace stores, Linear Script B and its mainland extension, Closing Palatial Phase, Room of Throne and final catastrophe. Archived from
487:, already in a state of political tension. They crossed borders illegally at high altitudes, "revolvers at the ready." This was Arthur's first encounter with Turkish people and customs. He bought a set of clothes of a wealthy Turkish man, complete with red fez, baggy trousers and embroidered, short-sleeved tunic. His detailed, enthusiastic account was published in
387:(1853) and Philip Norman (1854), and two sisters, Harriet (1857) and Alice (1858). He would remain on excellent terms with all of them all of his life. He was raised by a stepmother, Fanny (Frances), née Phelps, with whom he also got along very well. She had no children of her own and also predeceased her husband. John's third wife was a classical scholar,
1107:. The Ottoman method of stalling was to require any would-be excavators to buy the site from its native owners first. The owners in turn were coached to charge so much money that none would think it worthwhile to apply in such uncertain circumstances. Even the wealthy Schliemann had given up on the price in 1890 and had gone home to die in that year.
368:, geology and archaeology. His interest in geology came from an assignment by the company to study the diminishing water resources in the area with a view toward protecting the company from lawsuits. The mill consumed large amounts of water, which was also needed for the canals. He became an expert and a legal consultant. John became a distinguished
1072:. Finally he returned to live a hermit-like existence in the cabin he had built for her. The Ashmolean no longer interested him. He complained to Fortnum in a late, childish display of sibling rivalry, that his father had had another child, his half-sister Joan. After a year of grief the mounting tension in Crete began to attract his interest.
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mayor, offered the jailer a bribe for food and water, but went into the cell unfed and without water. Meanwhile, the incident came to attention of Dr
Makanetz, leader of the National Party of the Croatian Assembly, who happened to be in Brod. The next day he complained to the mayor. Evans and his brother were released with profuse apologies.
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some minor papers, he had also discovered the script on some other jewellery that came to the museum from Myres in Crete. He announced that he had concluded to a
Mycenaean hieroglyphic script of about 60 characters. Shortly he wrote to his friend and patron at the Ashmolean, Charles Fortnum, that he was "very restless" and must go to Crete.
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officers insisted and, interrupting the chief at dinner, Evans suggested he should have come to the hotel in person to request the passports. The chief, in a somewhat less than civil manner, won the argument about whether he had the right to check the passports of
Englishmen by inviting them to spend the night in a cell.
739:. He also visited the Freemans in Sarajevo whenever he could. A relationship with Freeman's eldest daughter, Margaret, had begun to blossom. In 1878 the Russians compelled a settlement of the conflict on appeal by the Serbs. The Ottomans ceded Bosnia and Herzegovina to the Austro-Hungarian Empire as a protectorate.
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as an improvement over
Ottoman. He wrote: "The people are treated not as a liberated but as a conquered and inferior race...." The Evans's sentiments were followed by acts of personal charity: they took in an orphan, invited a blind woman to dinner every night. Finally Evans wrote some public letters
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They crossed the Sava into Bosnia, which Evans found so different that he regarded the Sava as the border between Europe and Asia. After a number of interviews with
Turkish officials who attempted to dissuade them from travel on foot, the passport from the pasha prevailed. They were given an escort –
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built for the purpose near the mill, which came to be called the "red house" because it lacked the sooty patina of the other houses. Harriet called her husband "Jack." Grandmother Evans called Arthur "darling Trot," asserting in a note that, compared to his father, he was "a bit of a dunce." In 1856,
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Evans travelled widely in his reporting. He saw that the Muslim population was now on the decline, some being massacred, and some abandoning the island. One of the episodes he reported on was a massacre at EteĂ . The Muslim villagers had been attacked by
Christians in the night. They sought refuge in
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Göttingen was not to Evans's liking. His quarters were stuffy, and the topics were of little interest to him, as he had already demonstrated. His letters speak mainly of the discrepancy between the poor peasants of the countryside and the institution of the wealthy in the town. His thinking was of a
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His summertime activities with his brothers and friends were perhaps more important to his subsequent career. Having been given an ample allowance by his father, he went looking for adventure on the continent, seeking out circumstances that might be considered dangerous by some. In June 1871, he and
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stirring up further insurrection. His journalistic sources were not acceptable friendships to the authorities. He spent six weeks in prison awaiting trial, but at the trial nothing definitive could be proved. His wife was interrogated. She found most offensive the reading of her love letters before
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In 1878, Evans proposed to
Margaret Freeman, three years his senior, an educated and literate woman, and until now secretary for her father. The offer was accepted, to everyone's great satisfaction. Freeman spoke affectionately of his future son-in-law. The couple were married near the Freeman home
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to try to quell it. Despite subsequent events, there is no evidence that the young Evans might have had ulterior motives at this time, despite the fact that Butler had helped to educate half the government of the United Kingdom. He was simply an adventurous young man bored with poring through books
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Arthur John Evans graduated from Oxford at the age of 24 in 1874, but his career had come near to foundering during the final examinations on modern history. Despite his extensive knowledge of ancient history, classics, archaeology and what would be termed today cultural anthropology, he apparently
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River, they were observed by an officer who saw their sketches and concluded they might be Russian spies. Politely invited by two other officers to join the police chief and produce passports, Evans replied, "Tell him that we are Englishmen and are not accustomed to being treated in this way". The
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had just concluded the month before. Arthur had been told at the French border to remove the dark cape he was wearing so that he would not be shot for a spy. Amiens was occupied by the Prussian army. Arthur found them prosaic and preoccupied with souvenir-hunting. He and Lewis hunted for stone-age
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In 1894, Evans became intrigued by the idea that the script engraved on the stones he had purchased before Margaret's death might be Cretan, and steamed off to Heraklion to join the circle of watchers. During his year of tending to the details of Youlbury, administering the Ashmolean, and writing
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In 1893, Evans's way of life as a married, middling archaeologist, puttering around the Ashmolean, and travelling extensively and perpetually on holiday with his beloved Margaret, came to an abrupt end, leaving emotional devastation in its wake and changing the course of his life. Freeman died in
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But the most deliberate act of extermination was that perpetrated at EteĂ . In this small village, too, the Moslem inhabitants, including the women and children, had taken refuge in the mosque, which the men defended for a while. The building itself is a solid structure, but the door of the small
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In 1840, instead of going to college, John started work in the mill owned by his maternal uncle, John Dickinson. He married his first cousin, Harriet, in 1850, which entitled him, in 1851, to a junior partnership in the family business. Profits from the mill would help fund Arthur's excavations,
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by Greek forces. In September 1898, the last of the Turkish troops withdrew from Crete. Their withdrawal did not however presage peace, and religious violence against the Muslim minority ensued. The British Army forbade travel for any reason with checkpoints set up to enforce this. Despite this
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On the way to the holding cell the two young men were followed by a large crowd, whom Evans lost no opportunity to harangue, even though they understood only German. He threatened the authorities in the name of the British fleet, which, he asserted, would sail up the Sava river. He demanded the
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Syracusan "medallions" and their engravers in the light of recent finds, with observations on the chronology and historical occasions of the Syracusan coin-types of the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. And an essay on some new artists' signatures on Sicilian coins (reprinted from the Numismatic
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All the excavations at Knossos were done on leave of absence from the museum. "While the Keeper's salary was not generous, the conditions of residence were very liberal ... the keeper could and should travel to secure new acquisitions". But in 1908 at the age of 57 he resigned his position to
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hired him as a correspondent, sending him back to the Balkans in 1877. He reported on the suppression of the Christian insurrectionists by the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire, and yet was treated by that empire as though he were an ambassador, despite his anti-Turkish sentiments. His older
764:, Somerset, at the parish church. They took up residence in a Venetian villa Evans had purchased in Ragusa, Casa San Lazzaro, on the bluffs overlooking the Adriatic. One of their first tasks was to create a garden there. They lived happily, Evans pursuing his journalistic career, until 1882.
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By 1903, most of the palace was excavated, bringing to light an advanced city containing artwork and many examples of writing. Painted on the walls of the palace were numerous scenes depicting bulls, leading Evans to conclude that the Minoans did indeed worship the bull. In 1905 he finished
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Now that the restriction of the Ottoman firman was removed, there was a great rush on the part of all the other archaeologists to obtain first permission to dig from the new Cretan government. They soon found that Evans had a monopoly. Using the Cretan Exploration Fund, now being swollen by
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Arriving in Heraklion he did not join his friends immediately, but took the opportunity to examine the excavations at Knossos. Seeing the sign of the double axe almost immediately he knew that he was at the home of the script. He used the Cretan Exploration Fund, devised on the model of the
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Evans and his wife moved back to Oxford, renting a house there in January 1883. This period of unemployment was the only one of his life; he employed himself finishing up his Balkan studies. He completed his articles on Roman roads and cities there. It was suggested that he apply to a new
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a mosque. The next day they were promised clemency if they would disarm themselves. Handing over their weapons, they were lined up, having been told they were to be re-settled. Instead, they were shot, the only survivor being a small girl who had a cape thrown over her to conceal her.
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Margaret was buried in the English cemetery at Alassio. Her epitaph says, in part, "Her bright, energetic spirit, undaunted by suffering to the last, and ever working for the welfare of those around her, made a short life long." Evans placed on the grave a wreath he wove himself of
874:, over housing his extensive collection, were being undercut by university administrators. In January 1884, Parker died. The museum was in the hands of its assistant keepers, one of whom, Edward Evans (no relation), was to be Arthur Evans' executive during Evans' extended absences.
536:"I am very sorry to have missed you, dear Freeman ... Little Evans – son of John Evans the great – has just come back from the Herzegovina which he reached by way of Lapland, having started from the Schools in excitement at the 'first' I wrung for him out of the obdurate Stubbs ..."
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Evans had no better luck with Linear B, which turned out to be Greek. Despite decades of theories, Linear A has not been convincingly deciphered, nor even the language group identified. His classifications and careful transcriptions have been of great value to Mycenaean scholars.
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at Harrow, F. Rendall, had eased the way to his acceptance with the recommendation that he was "a boy of powerful original mind." At Brasenose he read Modern History, a new curriculum, which was nearly a disaster, as his main interests were in archaeology and classical studies.
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professorship of Classical Archaeology at Oxford. When he found out that Jowett and Newton were among the electors, he decided not to apply. He wrote to Freeman that to confine archaeology to classics was an absurdity. Instead he and Margaret travelled to Greece, seeking out
3108:. Vol. IV Part I: Emergence of outer western enceinte, with new illustrations, artistic and religious, of the Middle Minoan Phase, Chryselephantine "Lady of Sports", "Snake Room" and full story of the cult Late Minoan ceramic evolution and "Palace Style". Archived from
1235:" may be misleading; Knossos was an intricate collection of over 1000 interlocking rooms, some of which served as artisans' workrooms and food processing centres (e.g. wine presses). It served as a central storage point, and a religious and administrative centre.
977:, Italy she was overtaken by a severe attack. On 11 March 1893, after experiencing painful spasms for two hours, she died with Evans holding her hand, of an unknown disease, perhaps tuberculosis, although the symptoms fit a heart attack also. He was 42; she, 45.
2947:. Vol. I: The Hieroglyphic and Primitive Linear Classes: with an account of the discovery of the pre-Phoenician scripts, their place in the Minoan story and their Mediterranean relatives: with plates, tables and figures in the text. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
532:, that, in view of his special other knowledge and interests, and his father's "high standing in learned society", Evans should not only be passed, but receive a first-class degree. It was the topic of much jesting; Green wrote to Freeman on 11 November 1875:
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To his father he wrote: "I do not think anyone can ever know what Margaret has been to me." He never married again. For the rest of his life he wrote on black-bordered stationery. He went ahead with the mansion he had planned to build for Margaret on
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938:, remains the modern view, though the dating has been refined to the period after about 75 BC. His analysis of the site was still regarded as "an outstanding contribution to Iron Age studies" with "a masterly consideration of the metalwork" by Sir
500:, Finland, and Sweden. Everywhere he went he took copious anthropological notes and made numerous drawings of the people, places and artefacts. During the Christmas holidays of 1873, Evans catalogued a coin collection being bequeathed to Harrow by
866:, was in a chaotic state of transition. It had been a natural history museum, but the collections had been transferred to other museums. The lower floor housed some art and archaeology, but the upper floor was being used for university functions.
973:. The two shopped the flea markets looking for antiquities. Evans purchased some seal stones inscribed with a mysterious writing, said to have come from Crete. Then he met Margaret in Bordighera. The two started back to Athens, but en route, in
328:, the inventor and founder of Messrs John Dickinson, a paper mill. John Evans came from a family of men who were both educated and intellectually active but undistinguished by either wealth or aristocratic connection. His father,
1368:(Northwest Semitic) language. The Phoenician alphabet seamlessly continues the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, by convention called Phoenician from the mid-11th century, where it is first attested on inscribed bronze arrowheads.
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The strategy for the museum now was to convert it to an art and archaeology museum, expanding the remaining collections. In November 1883, Fortnum wrote to Evans asking for his assistance in locating some letters in the
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Junior and Senior. While Evans based the recreations on archaeological evidence, some of the best-known frescoes from the throne room were almost complete inventions of the Gilliérons, according to his critics.
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request. At the time of Evans' and Lewis' initial adventure, the Ottomans were still trying to lessen the threat of intervention by placating their neighbours. Evans sought and obtained permission to travel in
3063:. Vol. II Part I: Fresh lights on origins and external relations: the restoration in town and palace after seismic catastrophe towards close of M. M. III and the beginnings of the New Era. Archived from
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Through Bosnia and the HerzegĂłvina on foot during the insurrection, August and September 1875; with an historical review of Bosnia and a glimpse at the Croats, Slavonians, and the ancient republic of Ragusa
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contributions from others, he paid off the debt for the land. Then he ordered stores from Britain. He hired two foremen, and they hired 32 diggers. He started work on the flower-covered hill in March 1900.
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261:). Almost three decades later, Evans heard of Kalokairinos' discovery. With private funding he bought the surrounding rural area including the palace land. Sir Arthur began his own excavations in 1900.
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Through Bosnia and the Herzegdvina on foot, during the insurrection, August and September 1875, with an historical review of Bosnia, and a glimpse at the Croats, Slavonians, and the ancient republic of
1231:, Evans employed a large staff of local labourers as excavators, and began work in 1900. Within a few months they had uncovered a substantial portion of what he called the Palace of Minos. The term "
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In the spring of 1875 he applied for the Archaeological Travelling Studentship offered by Oxford, but, as he says in a letter to Freeman later in life, he was turned down thanks to the efforts of
3093:. Vol. III: The great transitional age in the northern and eastern sections of the Palace: the most brilliant record of Minoan art and the evidences of an advanced religion. Archived from
395:, who would become an art historian. John died in 1908 at 85, when Arthur was 57. His close support and assistance had been indispensable in excavating and conceptualising Minoan civilisation.
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The Palace of Minos: a comparative account of the successive stages of the early Cretan civilization as illustrated by the discoveries at Knossos (1921, 1928A, 1928B, 1930, 1935A, 1935B, 1936)
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Letters from Crete. Repr. from the "Manchester Guardian" of May 24, 25, and June 13, with notes on some official replies to questions asked with reference to the above in the House of Commons
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Illyrian letters: a revised selection of correspondence from the llllyrian provinces of Bosnia, Herzegdvina, Montenegro, Albania, Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia during the troubled year 1877
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Prince George was keen to avoid such massacres, and establish a functioning government on the island. In 1899 a cross-confessional government was established as part of a republican Crete.
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had not even read enough in his nominal subject to pass the required examination. He could answer no questions on topics later than the 12th century. He had convinced one of his examiners,
890:, because of their "lack of a properly informed and competent person as keeper." Evans had the right qualifications and took the position of keeper at the Ashmolean when it was offered.
1266:, a half-man half-bull creature that was the offspring of Minos's wife, Pasiphae, and a bull. Evans dubbed the civilisation once inhabiting this great palace the Minoan civilisation.
471:, where his father had excavated in 1866, adding some of the artefacts to his collection. Arthur had made himself familiar with these. Subsequently, they went on to Paris and then to
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or the Aylesford-Swarling culture, which included the first wheel-made pottery in Britain. Evans's conclusion that the site belonged to a culture closely related to the continental
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In 1884, therefore, Evans, at the age of 34, was appointed Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum. He held a grand inauguration at which he outlined his planned changes, publishing it as
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Cretan pictographs and prae-Phoenician script: with an account of a sepulchral deposit at Hagios Onouphrios near Phaestos in its relation to primitive Cretan and Aegean culture
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with Harriet's declining health and Jack's growing reputation and prosperity, they moved into Harriet's childhood home, a mansion with a garden, where the children ran free.
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Evans's continued stance in favour of native government led to a condition of unacceptability to the local regime within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He did not see
2725:"On a Late-Celtic urn-field at Aylesford, Kent, and on the Gaulish, Illyro-Italic, and Classical connexions of the forms of pottery and bronzework there discovered"
2708:"The "horsemen" of Tarentum. A contribution towards the numismatic history of Great Greece. Including an essay on artists', engravers', and magistrates' signatures"
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3194:. Vol. II: The Archives of Knossos: clay tablets inscribed in linear script B: edited from notes, and supplemented by John L. Myres. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
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interests in antiquities continued. He collected portable artefacts, especially sealstones, at every opportunity, between sending back article after article to
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2918:"The prehistoric tombs of Knossos: I. The cemetery of Zapher Papoura, with a comparative note on a chamber-tomb at Milatos. II. The Royal Tomb at Isopata"
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886:. Unable to find the letters, Arthur Evans suggested Fortnum visit Oxford. Fortnum in fact was becoming dissatisfied with rivals for his collection, the
654:, loosely attached to the Ottoman military. Their notorious cruelty, which they practised against the natives, helped to turn the British Empire under
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Archaeologists from the United States, Britain, France, Germany and Italy were in attendance at the site watching the progress, so to speak, of the "
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restorations at Knossos, and resulting publications. For the time being they were an unpretentious and affectionate family. They moved into a brick
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1254:. The small ruin of Knossos spanned 5 acres (2.0 ha) and the palace had a maze-like quality that reminded Evans of the labyrinth described in
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A portion of Evans's reconstruction of the Minoan palace at Knossos. This is Bastion A at the North Entrance, noted for the Bull Fresco above it.
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Iron Age Communities in Britain, Fourth Edition: An Account of England, Scotland and Wales from the Seventh Century BC, Until the Roman Conquest
3151:ʻThe ring of Nestor;̓ a glimpse into the Minoan after-world, and a sepulchral treasure of gold signet-rings and bead-seals from Thisbê, Boeotia
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1242:, Evans concluded that there was another civilisation on Crete that had existed before those brought to light by the adventurer-archaeologist
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in a career into which he had been pushed against his real interests. The real adventure, in his mind, was the revolution in the Balkans.
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3078:. Vol. II Part II: Town-Houses in Knossos of the New Era and restored West Palace Section, with its state approach. Archived from
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placed over them. Some Ottoman troops were in the country in support of the beys, but mainly the beys were using irregular forces, the
508:, who was too ill to work on it himself. The headmaster had suggested "my old pupil, Arthur John Evans – a remarkably able young man."
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to make work for local out-of-work labourers. The mound and wild garden, with species from around the world, is now held by the
2995:"The 'Tomb of the Double Axes' and Associated Group, and the Pillar Rooms and Ritual Vessels of the 'Little Palace' at Knossos"
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Evans, Arthur John (1871). "On a hoard of coins found at Oxford, with some remarks on the coinage of the first three Edwards".
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The details of the complicated and extensive negotiations for the Fortnum collection, at which Evans excelled, may be found in
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Essai de classification des Époques de la civilization minoenne: résumé d'un discours fait au Congrès d'Archéologie à Athènes
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The Ashmolean museum as a home of archæology in Oxford: an inaugural lecture given in the Ashmolean Museum, November 20, 1884
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870:, appointed the first keeper in 1870, had the task of trying to manage it. His efforts to negotiate with the art collector
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The two brothers experienced little difficulty with either the Serbs or the Ottomans but they did provoke the neighbouring
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516:, of his talent. They were both published authors, they were both Gladstone liberals, and they were both interested in the
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correspondent said Serbia was the biggest threat to peace in the Balkans. This view was refuted by Evans, who stated that
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artefacts in the gravel quarries, Arthur remarking that he was glad the Prussians were not interested in flint artefacts.
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380:. His connections and invaluable advice were indispensable to Arthur's career throughout the remainder of his long life.
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sites and for Neolithic remains in Ligurian caves. Then he revisited the locations of his youthful explorations in
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in Kent was excavated under the leadership of Evans, and published in 1890. With the later excavation by others at
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2351:"Scripta minoa: the written documents of minoan Crete with special reference to the archives of Knossos – ETANA"
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During excavations by Evans, he found 3000 clay tablets, which he transcribed and organised, publishing them in
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From 1894 until his death in 1941, Evans lived in his house, Youlbury, which has since been demolished. He had
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711:. In Sarajevo they learned that the region through which they had just passed was now "plunged in civil war".
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The villa sits on a bluff at the base of a ring of hills. Adjoining it a modern hotel towers over the scene.
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to excavate, and then not granting any. The Cretans were afraid of the Ottomans' removing any artefacts to
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that would help to validate a noted ring in his collection; he did so on the advice of John Evans of the
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1274:(due to the throne-like stone chair fixed in the room) repainted by a father-son team of Swiss artists,
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Scripta Minoa: The Written Documents of Minoan Crete: with special reference to the archives of Knossos
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Scripta Minoa: The Written Documents of Minoan Crete: with Special Reference to the Archives of Knossos
2823:"The Mycenaean Pillar Cult and its Mediterranean Relations with Illustrations from Recent Cretan Finds"
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Home again, Evans wrote of his experiences, working from his extensive notes and drawings, publishing
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Arthur's mother, Harriet, died after childbirth in 1858 when Arthur was seven. He had two brothers,
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Evans, Myres and Hogarth returned to Crete together, Evans in his capacity as a journalist for the
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was now known to be a major site, thanks to Evans's old friend and fellow journalist in Bosnia,
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first tenure as Prime Minister from 1885 to 1886, the English public held negative views of the
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Thomas, Ben (1999). "Hercules and the Hydra: C.D.E. Fortnum, Evans and the Ashmolean Museum".
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at Athens. Margaret and Sophia had a visit for several hours, during which Evans examined the
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at the time of their journey the strongest point of resistance in triple mountain ranges of
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3024:. London: MacMillan and Co; Online by Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg. Archived from
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in favour of an insurrection. Evans was arrested in 1882, to be put on trial as a British
572:
revolutionary bent. Deciding not to stay, he left there to meet Lewis for another trip to
372:, publishing numerous books and articles. In 1859 he conducted a geological survey of the
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Antiquarian researches in Illyricum. (Parts I and II). From The Archaeologia Vol. XLVIII
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John Evans maintained his status as an officer in the company, which eventually became
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Private adventurer arrived in Old Herzegovina and discovered Roman city near Pljevlja
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324:(1823–1908) and Harriet Ann Dickinson (born 1824), the daughter of John's employer,
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1770:(Second ed.). London, New York, Bombay: Longmans, Green & Co. p. 343.
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and spent a night in "a wretched cell". After deciding to lodge in a good hotel in
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In 1913, he paid ÂŁ100 to double the amount paid with the studentship in memory of
576:. That decision marked the end of his formal education. Herzegovina was then in a
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Macgillivray Minotaur – Sir Arthur Evans and the Archaeology of the Minoan Myth.
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2067:. Belgrade: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Dositej. pp. 130–131.
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for his services to archaeology and is commemorated both at Knossos and at the
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After resolving to leave Göttingen, Evans and Lewis planned to spy against the
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Born Charles Edward Fortnum (Drury added later in Australia) DCL FSA (1820–99)
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3048:. Vol. I: The Neolithic and Early and Middle Minoan Ages. Archived from
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for 1884 on the Slavonic conquest of Illyricum, which remained unpublished.
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and that the Christians were in a state of insurrection against the Muslim
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against the Ottoman Empire, as well as to attract Russian intervention at
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In 1898, he became one of the first reporters of the ethnic cleansing of
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257:. Three weeks later Turkish authorities forced him to stop (at the time,
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1157: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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The shaft graves and bee-hive tombs of Mycenae and their interrelation
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Based on the structures and artifacts found there and throughout the
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by the Ottoman authorities and went to board a ship in the city of
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not far away (discovery to publication was 1921–1925) this is the
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3293:
Minotaur: Sir Arthur Evans and the Archaeology of the Minoan Myth
2762:"Primitive Pictographs and Script from Crete and the Peloponnese"
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insurgents. Freeman convinced Evans's tutors, George Kitchen and
238:
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2499:. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from
1052:
483:
In 1872, he and Norman adventured into Ottoman territory in the
3760:
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3249:
The Riddle of the Labyrinth: The Quest to Crack an Ancient Code
3211:
Before Knossos: Arthur Evans's Travels in the Balkans and Crete
3181:
Jarn Mound, with its panorama and wild garden of British plants
2699:
Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society
1251:
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1100:
1069:
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761:
472:
2383:
Evans, A.J. (1909). "Scripta Minoa – Volume 1". Oxford: 87,89.
1741:. University of Oxford, Ashmolean Museum. 2009. Archived from
4852:
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
3801:
1396:(FRS) in 1901. He was elected an International Member of the
1338:
1224:
1096:
1088:, was keeping him posted on developments at Knossos by mail.
619:. During the struggle in Bobovo on 15 August 1875 during the
341:
246:
833:
556:
In April–July of that year he attended a summer term at the
182:, museum management, journalism, statesmanship, philanthropy
4513:
1270:
excavations. He then proceeded to have the room called the
683:
548:, two Oxford dons having a low opinion of his work there.
430:
in his final year, 1869/70. At Harrow he was friends with
3426:"Knossos: Ancient Village / Settlement / Misc. Earthwork"
3340:. Originally published by Hodder & Stoughton, London.
647:
3138:. Vol. Index to the Palace of Minos. Archived from
2290:
Death and Exile: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims
276:. Evans was also the first to define the Cretan scripts
3297:. New York: Hill and Wang (Farrar, Straus and Giroux).
1095:", a metaphor of the dying Ottoman Empire. The various
1060:
After Margaret's death Evans wandered aimlessly around
714:
2331:(Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009), 111.
1360:. Modern scholars now see it as a continuation of the
631:
via Pljevlja, a city with a large settlement from the
993:, not published until after his death decades later:
564:, then headmaster at Harrow. Evans was to study with
2661:"Antiquarian researches in Illyricum, Parts III, IV"
1084:, the Italian archaeologist and future excavator of
364:, but also became distinguished for his pursuits in
2954:"The Minoan and Mycenaean Element in Hellenic Life"
2695:"Megalithic Monuments in their Sepulchral Relation"
2546:. No. 36493. London. 28 June 1901. p. 10.
695:one man, enough to establish authority – as far as
4892:Presidents of the Society of Antiquaries of London
3290:
3208:
2701:. III, 1885. Manchester: A. Ireland Co., Printers.
2188:, near Figure 1.4, 2012 (4th edition), Routledge,
4064:
2065:Grof Čedomilj Mijatović: Viktorijanac među Srbima
1463:and its surrounding wild garden built during the
809:
4778:
2315:Great Cities of the World 3: Next Stop... Athens
1563:Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society
954:In October of that year Evans took her to visit
895:The Ashmolean as a Home of Archaeology in Oxford
635:period, which Evans named as the Municipium S.
454:Arthur matriculated on 9 June 1870 and attended
268:, Evans found that he needed to distinguish the
4837:Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London
2621:(2nd ed.). London: Longmans, Green and Co.
2162:Bejtullah D. Destani, ed., & Arthur Evans,
1976:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 71 72.
1258:. In the myth, the labyrinth had been built by
769:Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina
332:, Arthur's grandfather, had been headmaster of
2876:"Minoan Civilization at the Palace of Knosses"
2164:Ancient Illyria: An Archaeological Exploration
1402:Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
1358:Cretan Philistines and the Phoenician Alphabet
1122:
746:in 1898, he described the ethnic cleansing of
699:. From there they travelled directly south to
284:, as well as an earlier pictographic writing.
4907:Members of the American Philosophical Society
4882:Presidents of the British Science Association
4499:
4050:
3511:
3243:
249:began in 1877. They were led by Cretan Greek
27:British archaeologist and scholar (1851–1941)
3288:
3274:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
2275:
2263:
2251:
2239:
2227:
2200:
1920:
1893:
1844:
1721:
1709:
1697:
4862:People associated with the Ashmolean Museum
4827:Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
2035:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
909:
678:on the border, having judged it safer than
528:, and they convinced the Regius professor,
218:(8 July 1851 – 11 July 1941) was a British
4887:Presidents of the Royal Numismatic Society
4877:People from Vale of White Horse (district)
4506:
4492:
4057:
4043:
3518:
3504:
3215:(Illustrated ed.). Ashmolean Museum.
3167:. London: MacMillan and Co. Archived from
1873:. University of Texas Press. p. 343.
1636:"Evans, Arthur John Family search listing"
802:were facing terror from the hand of local
287:
1735:"Sir John Evans's Family Life – Children"
1238:On the basis of the ceramic evidence and
1204:
1173:Learn how and when to remove this message
1047:
806:, with murders being a daily occurrence.
638:They knew that the region, a part of the
3229:
2911:(Revised ed.). London: B. Quaritch.
2558:"Sir Arthur Evans and the Jarn projects"
2287:
2281:
2215:
2211:
2209:
2077:
2062:
1967:
1965:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1868:
1832:
1811:
1763:
1560:(1941). "Arthur John Evans. 1851–1941".
1379:
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445:
407:
296:
4812:Archaeologists of the Bronze Age Aegean
4515:Founding fellows of the British Academy
3525:
3289:MacGillivray, Joseph Alexander (2000).
2312:
2091:"Oxford Men and their Colleges 1890–92"
1780:
1364:from ca. 1400 BC, adapted to writing a
1348:The basic part of the discussion about
1302:
1004:Such as herself she plucked, – a wreath
593:
424:in 1865 at age 14. He was co-editor of
14:
4779:
3116:
3101:
3071:
3056:
2915:
2904:
2873:
2820:
2123:
1333:, is that most of the symbols for the
607:in the rebellious mountain village of
391:. When he was 70 they had a daughter,
4487:
4038:
3499:
3432:. Julian Cope presents Head Heritage.
3272:Knossos and the Prophets of Modernism
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2329:Knossos and the Prophets of Modernism
2206:
2150:
2126:Journal of the History of Collections
2050:
1974:Knossos and the Prophets of Modernism
1962:
1956:
1944:
1932:
1899:
1856:
1781:Minchin, James George Cotton (1898).
1767:The Harrow School Register, 1801–1900
1622:
1556:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1474:Evans left part of his estate to the
1384:Statue of Sir Arthur Evans at Knossos
1227:, and Mr Fyfe, an architect from the
496:In 1873, he and Balfour tramped over
3269:
2317:. The Symphonette Press. p. 14.
2190:google preview, with no page numbers
1996:
1971:
1871:Sir Gardner Wilkinson and His Circle
1703:
1674:
1400:in 1913 and a foreign member of the
1388:He was a member and officer of many
1155:adding citations to reliable sources
1126:
945:
667:from its Turkish military governor.
623:they were expelled from Province of
4807:Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford
4802:20th-century British archaeologists
4797:19th-century British archaeologists
3239:. New York: Rinehart & Company.
2606:. London: Longmans, Greens and Co.
1823:Oxford Men and the Colleges 1880–92
1677:"Sir John Evans, K.C.B., 1823–1908"
855:antiquities at hand with Heinrich.
24:
4902:Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal
3917:Minoan frescoes from Tell el-Dab'a
3322:. University of California Press.
3312:
2008:
1545:
1482:is still available for their use.
1329:One of Evans's theses in the 1901
1044:, after the name of the locality.
259:Crete was under Ottoman occupation
25:
4928:
3359:
3017:
2632:. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
1687:. Royal Society of London: l–lvi.
1435:
1282:
1019:And truer love – or pearl so rare
998:"Of Margarites and mountain heath
825:Margaret and Arthur Evans in 1888
4867:People educated at Harrow School
3377:
3365:
2928:. London: B. Quaritch: 391–562.
2643:. Westminster: Nichols and Sons.
1739:Sir John Evans Centenary Project
1681:Proceedings of the Royal Society
1307:
1131:
904:
832:
818:
621:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)
518:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)
64:
4019:Archaeological Museum of Chania
4014:Heraklion Archaeological Museum
3942:Papoura Hill Circular Structure
3347:. Chronicle Australia Pty Ltd.
2958:The Journal of Hellenic Studies
2827:The Journal of Hellenic Studies
2766:The Journal of Hellenic Studies
2578:
2550:
2535:
2507:
2489:
2464:
2426:
2417:
2408:
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2194:
2178:
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2156:
2144:
2116:
2083:
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2056:
2044:
2002:
1990:
1950:
1938:
1926:
1914:
1887:
1862:
1850:
1838:
1826:
1817:
1805:
1774:
1757:
1727:
1142:needs additional citations for
4897:Recipients of the Copley Medal
4822:Fellows of the British Academy
4024:Archaeological Museum of Sitia
3442:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
3399:Works by or about Arthur Evans
3200:
2063:Marković, Slobodan G. (2006).
1787:. London: Methuen Co. p.
1715:
1691:
1668:
1648:
1628:
1616:
1590:
1533:Minoan snake goddess figurines
1398:American Philosophical Society
810:Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum
725:Through Bosnia and Herzegovina
320:, England, the first child of
13:
1:
4556:William Edward Hartpole Lecky
4263:Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
3418:"Arthur Evans, Archaeologist"
3345:Chronicle of the 20th Century
1452:, which was won that year by
1444:, established jointly by the
233:The first excavations at the
32:Arthur Evans (disambiguation)
4832:Fellows of the Royal Society
4586:Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb
3932:Minoan Moulds of Palaikastro
3483:. Heraklion Crete org online
3461:Dictionary of Art Historians
2523:. 11 July 1911. p. 5167
2438:The Sir Arthur Evans Archive
2313:Salomon, Marilyn J. (1974).
2011:"Excelsior Hotel, Dubrovnik"
1412:in 1936. In 1911, Evans was
1392:, including being elected a
1001:And scented broom so white –
872:Charles Drury Edward Fortnum
800:Serbs in Kosovo and Metohija
551:
398:
340:, Leicestershire. John knew
222:and pioneer in the study of
151:; developing the concept of
7:
4872:People from Hemel Hempstead
4726:Sir William Mitchell Ramsay
4351:Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
3207:Brown, Ann Cynthia (1993).
3153:. London: Macmillan and Co.
2807:. London: Bernard Quaritch.
2755:. London: Bernard Quaritch.
2752:Chronicle of 1890 and 1891)
2595:. New Series (11): 260–282.
2583:
2542:"University intelligence".
2013:. Panoramio. Archived from
1656:"Evans, John Family search"
1485:
1394:Fellow of the Royal Society
1356:takes place in the section
1123:Religious violence in Crete
1013:For she was open as the air
991:To Margaret my beloved wife
163:Fellow of the Royal Society
10:
4933:
4701:Sir Thomas Erskine Holland
4571:Sir Edward Maunde Thompson
2654:. Oxford: Parker & Co.
2497:"A.J. Evans (1851 - 1941)"
1375:
1311:
1208:
1117:Palestine Exploration Fund
1016:Pure as the blue of heaven
1007:I wreathe for her tonight.
932:Aylesford-Swarling pottery
790:and instead supported the
707:(Ragusa) on the coast, in
605:Principality of Montenegro
580:. The Ottomans were using
326:John Dickinson (1782–1869)
29:
4706:Frederic William Maitland
4521:
4287:Charles Scott Sherrington
4279:Frederick Gowland Hopkins
4073:
4001:
3960:
3839:
3774:
3708:
3627:
3591:
3584:
3533:
3457:"Evans, Arthur John, Sir"
3412:University College London
3408:Evans (Arthur) Collection
3318:Markoe, Glenn E. (2000).
3011:10.1017/S0261340900010833
2934:10.1017/S0261340900027612
2905:—— (1906A) .
2741:10.1017/S0261340900007591
2562:Oxford Preservation Trust
2515:"Whitehall, July 8, 1911"
2370:Hogan, C. Michael (2007)
2288:McCarthy, Justin (1995).
1469:Oxford Preservation Trust
1442:Augustus Wollaston Franks
971:British School, in Athens
588:
456:Brasenose College, Oxford
441:
438:, after the first issue.
403:
389:Maria Millington Lathbury
362:John Dickinson Stationery
308:Arthur Evans was born in
292:
196:
186:
175:
168:
158:
143:
129:
102:
72:
63:
41:
4761:Robert Yelverton Tyrrell
4295:Charles Algernon Parsons
3857:Hagia Triada Sarcophagus
3117:—— (1935B).
3102:—— (1935A).
3072:—— (1928B).
3057:—— (1928A).
2916:—— (1906B).
2874:—— (1901B).
2821:—— (1901A).
2095:Dictionary of Historians
1869:Thompson, Jason (1992).
1539:
1362:Proto-Canaanite alphabet
1229:British School at Athens
1211:Knossos (modern history)
1022:To man was never given."
910:Excavations at Aylesford
504:, the father of British
432:Francis Maitland Balfour
4681:Sir James George Frazer
4671:Andrew Martin Fairbairn
3952:Wall Paintings of Thera
3867:Snake goddess figurines
3481:"Sir Arthur John Evans"
3188:—— (1952).
3179:—— (1933).
3158:—— (1929).
3149:—— (1925).
3087:—— (1930).
3042:—— (1921).
2993:—— (1914).
2952:—— (1912).
2941:—— (1909).
2812:—— (1898).
2801:—— (1895).
2760:—— (1894).
2748:—— (1892).
2723:—— (1890).
2706:—— (1889).
2693:—— (1886).
2659:—— (1885).
2648:—— (1884).
2637:—— (1883).
2626:—— (1878).
2614:—— (1877).
2600:—— (1876).
965:In February, Evans met
888:South Kensington Museum
744:The Manchester Guardian
731:The Manchester Guardian
717:The Manchester Guardian
672:Austro-Hungarian Empire
558:University of Göttingen
514:Edward Augustus Freeman
288:Biographical background
4817:English archaeologists
4576:Sir Henry Maxwell Lyte
4423:Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
4207:Pierre Paul Émile Roux
3872:La Parisienne (fresco)
3430:The Modern Antiquarian
2680:Cite journal requires
2448:. 2012. Archived from
2423:Markoe (2000), p. 111.
2396:Cite journal requires
1675:A.G. (December 1908).
1576:10.1098/rsbm.1941.0044
1450:Society of Antiquaries
1385:
1295:
1205:Excavations of Knossos
1080:. Another old friend,
1078:William James Stillman
1064:ostensibly looking at
1057:
1048:Waiting for the future
1025:
918:discovered in 1886 at
884:Society of Antiquaries
757:
538:
502:John Gardner Wilkinson
451:
413:
305:
4857:Minoan archaeologists
4566:Sir Frederick Pollock
4231:Horace Tabberer Brown
4135:Alfred Russel Wallace
3862:Horns of Consecration
3852:Akrotiri Boxer Fresco
3390:Works by Arthur Evans
3183:. Oxford: J. Vincent.
3174:on 20 September 2011.
2175:Archaeologia 52, 1891
1764:Dauglish, MG (1901).
1383:
1354:Scripta Minoa, Vol. 1
1290:
1055:
995:
752:
578:state of insurrection
560:at the suggestion of
546:Charles Thomas Newton
534:
449:
411:
300:
266:eastern Mediterranean
203:Sir Arthur John Evans
4756:Henry Fanshawe Tozer
4736:Walter William Skeat
4656:Samuel Rolles Driver
4606:Henry Francis Pelham
4581:Sir Courtenay Ilbert
4526:The Earl of Rosebery
4439:Edgar Douglas Adrian
4079:Josiah Willard Gibbs
3882:Prince of the Lilies
3840:Art and Architecture
3420:. Brasenose College.
3374:at Wikimedia Commons
3270:Gere, Cathy (2009).
3132:Evans, Joan (1936).
2712:Numismatic Chronicle
2593:Numismatic Chronicle
2476:search.amphilsoc.org
2472:"APS Member History"
2446:University of Oxford
2184:Cunliffe, Barry W.,
2138:10.1093/jhc/11.2.159
1972:Gere, Cathy (2010).
1508:Matriarchal religion
1446:University of London
1430:University of Dublin
1404:in 1918. He won the
1303:Major creative works
1151:improve this article
839:The Ashmolean Museum
750:civilians by saying:
594:Agent in the Balkans
562:Henry Montagu Butler
344:and could quote the
334:Dixie Grammar School
138:University of Oxford
30:For other uses, see
4751:Henry Barclay Swete
4686:Sir Israel Gollancz
4636:Edward Byles Cowell
4531:The Viscount Dillon
4311:William Henry Bragg
4143:George William Hill
4127:Albert A. Michelson
3527:Minoan civilization
3028:on 16 February 2012
2847:2027/uva.x000381934
2254:, pp. 107–108.
1350:Phoenician alphabet
1335:Phoenician alphabet
1244:Heinrich Schliemann
1192:Manchester Guardian
969:, a student at the
849:Heinrich Schliemann
804:Albanian population
792:Kingdom of Bulgaria
520:and on the side of
477:Franco-Prussian War
330:Arthur Benoni Evans
270:Minoan civilisation
224:Aegean civilization
153:Minoan civilisation
4741:Sir Leslie Stephen
4646:Thomas Rhys Davids
4641:William Cunningham
4383:Thomas Hunt Morgan
4367:Henry Hallett Dale
4343:John Scott Haldane
4327:George Ellery Hale
3988:Arkalochori script
3978:Cretan hieroglyphs
3937:Minoan Bull-leaper
3907:Knossos board game
3438:"Sir Arthur Evans"
3142:on 6 January 2013.
3127:on 6 January 2013.
3112:on 6 January 2013.
3097:on 6 January 2013.
3082:on 6 January 2013.
3067:on 6 January 2013.
3052:on 6 January 2013.
2608:arthur john evans.
2520:The London Gazette
2503:on 28 August 2020.
2452:on 22 October 2017
2434:"Sir Arthur Evans"
2266:, pp. 91–100.
1386:
1343:Cretan hieroglyphs
1296:
1291:Portrait 1907, by
1093:sick man of Europe
1058:
914:A cemetery of the
899:Ilchester Lectures
703:and from there to
526:John Richard Green
452:
418:preparatory school
414:
306:
251:Minos Kalokairinos
4774:
4773:
4696:Shadworth Hodgson
4596:Sir Adolphus Ward
4561:Sir William Anson
4481:
4480:
4247:Ernest Rutherford
4066:Copley Medallists
4032:
4031:
3922:Malia altar stone
3835:
3834:
3546:Minoan chronology
3394:Project Gutenberg
3382:Works related to
3370:Media related to
3343:Ross, J. (1990).
3338:The Villa Ariadne
3281:978-0-226-28954-0
3236:The Bull of Minos
3231:Cottrell, Leonard
2276:MacGillivray 2000
2264:MacGillivray 2000
2252:MacGillivray 2000
2240:MacGillivray 2000
2228:MacGillivray 2000
2201:MacGillivray 2000
1921:MacGillivray 2000
1894:MacGillivray 2000
1859:, pp. 11–19.
1847:, pp. 40–41.
1845:MacGillivray 2000
1814:, pp. 84–85.
1722:MacGillivray 2000
1710:MacGillivray 2000
1698:MacGillivray 2000
1598:"List of Fellows"
1513:Minoan chronology
1390:learned societies
1183:
1182:
1175:
1082:Federico Halbherr
1066:Terramare Culture
946:End and beginning
868:John Henry Parker
864:Oxford University
788:Kingdom of Serbia
775:agent provocateur
742:In his report to
490:Fraser's Magazine
450:Brasenose College
346:classical authors
200:
199:
170:Scientific career
134:Brasenose College
77:Arthur John Evans
16:(Redirected from
4924:
4842:Knights Bachelor
4721:Sir James Murray
4716:John E. B. Mayor
4666:Sir Arthur Evans
4508:
4501:
4494:
4485:
4484:
4474:
4466:
4463:George de Hevesy
4458:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4426:
4418:
4410:
4402:
4394:
4386:
4378:
4370:
4362:
4354:
4346:
4338:
4330:
4322:
4314:
4306:
4298:
4290:
4282:
4274:
4266:
4258:
4250:
4242:
4234:
4226:
4218:
4210:
4202:
4194:
4186:
4178:
4170:
4162:
4154:
4146:
4138:
4130:
4122:
4119:Élie Metchnikoff
4114:
4111:Dmitri Mendeleev
4106:
4098:
4090:
4082:
4059:
4052:
4045:
4036:
4035:
3589:
3588:
3576:Peak sanctuaries
3520:
3513:
3506:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3463:. Archived from
3452:
3450:
3448:
3433:
3421:
3403:Internet Archive
3381:
3369:
3308:
3296:
3285:
3266:
3240:
3226:
3214:
3195:
3184:
3175:
3173:
3166:
3154:
3143:
3128:
3113:
3098:
3083:
3068:
3053:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3018:——.
3014:
2989:
2948:
2937:
2912:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2891:
2885:. Archived from
2880:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2857:. Archived from
2817:
2808:
2797:
2756:
2744:
2719:
2702:
2689:
2683:
2678:
2676:
2668:
2667:. London: 1–167.
2663:. Archaeologia.
2655:
2644:
2633:
2622:
2610:
2596:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2442:Ashmolean Museum
2430:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2399:
2394:
2392:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2332:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2292:. Darwin Press.
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2167:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2101:on 7 August 2020
2097:. Archived from
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2060:
2054:
2053:, pp. 26–27
2048:
2042:
2040:
2034:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1969:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1947:, pp. 82–84
1942:
1936:
1935:, pp. 80–81
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1745:on 13 April 2011
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1600:. Archived from
1594:
1588:
1587:
1554:
1465:Great Depression
1454:Mortimer Wheeler
1422:Ashmolean Museum
1408:in 1880 and the
1293:William Richmond
1221:Duncan Mackenzie
1178:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1135:
1127:
916:British Iron Age
880:Bodleian Library
862:, an adjunct of
860:Ashmolean Museum
836:
822:
784:Gascoyne-Cecil's
609:Bobovo, Pljevlja
378:Joseph Prestwich
274:Mycenaean Greece
217:
191:Ashmolean Museum
109:
86:
84:
68:
58:
43:Sir Arthur Evans
39:
38:
21:
18:Sir Arthur Evans
4932:
4931:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4711:Alfred Marshall
4517:
4512:
4482:
4477:
4469:
4461:
4453:
4445:
4437:
4429:
4421:
4415:Joseph Barcroft
4413:
4407:Robert Robinson
4405:
4397:
4389:
4381:
4373:
4365:
4357:
4349:
4341:
4333:
4325:
4319:Arthur Schuster
4317:
4309:
4301:
4293:
4285:
4277:
4271:Albert Einstein
4269:
4261:
4253:
4245:
4237:
4229:
4223:William Bayliss
4221:
4215:Hendrik Lorentz
4213:
4205:
4197:
4189:
4181:
4173:
4165:
4157:
4149:
4141:
4133:
4125:
4117:
4109:
4103:William Crookes
4101:
4093:
4085:
4077:
4069:
4063:
4033:
4028:
3997:
3956:
3847:Aegina Treasure
3831:
3770:
3704:
3623:
3580:
3571:Minoan eruption
3566:Minoan religion
3529:
3524:
3486:
3484:
3479:
3470:
3468:
3455:
3446:
3444:
3436:
3424:
3416:
3362:
3315:
3313:Further reading
3305:
3282:
3263:
3223:
3203:
3198:
3171:
3164:
3031:
3029:
2895:
2893:
2892:on 16 June 2013
2889:
2878:
2864:
2862:
2861:on 7 March 2016
2816:. Oxford: Hart.
2681:
2679:
2670:
2669:
2586:
2581:
2576:
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2555:
2551:
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2020:
2018:
2007:
2003:
1995:
1991:
1984:
1970:
1963:
1955:
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1943:
1939:
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1855:
1851:
1843:
1839:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1810:
1806:
1799:
1784:Old Harrow days
1779:
1775:
1762:
1758:
1748:
1746:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1720:
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1708:
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1634:
1633:
1629:
1621:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1570:(10): 940–968.
1555:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1523:Minoan religion
1503:Leonard Woolley
1493:Flinders Petrie
1488:
1438:
1378:
1320:
1312:Main articles:
1310:
1305:
1285:
1276:Émile Gilliéron
1256:Greek mythology
1213:
1207:
1187:Turkish Cretans
1179:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1148:
1136:
1125:
1050:
948:
912:
907:
858:Meanwhile, the
844:
843:
842:
841:
840:
837:
828:
827:
826:
823:
812:
720:
656:W. E. Gladstone
601:
596:
591:
574:Old Herzegovina
554:
542:Benjamin Jowett
522:Old Herzegovina
444:
406:
401:
338:Market Bosworth
314:Hemel Hempstead
303:Nash paper mill
295:
290:
205:
147:Excavations at
130:Alma mater
125:
111:
107:
98:
88:
82:
80:
79:
78:
59:
46:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4930:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
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4839:
4834:
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4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4746:Whitley Stokes
4743:
4738:
4733:
4731:William Sanday
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4691:Thomas Hodgkin
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4661:Robinson Ellis
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4631:Ingram Bywater
4628:
4626:Samuel Butcher
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4551:The Lord Bryce
4548:
4543:
4541:Arthur Balfour
4538:
4533:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4511:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4488:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4471:James Chadwick
4467:
4459:
4455:Archibald Hill
4451:
4443:
4435:
4427:
4419:
4411:
4403:
4395:
4387:
4379:
4371:
4363:
4355:
4347:
4339:
4335:Theobald Smith
4331:
4323:
4315:
4307:
4299:
4291:
4283:
4275:
4267:
4259:
4251:
4243:
4235:
4227:
4219:
4211:
4203:
4195:
4187:
4179:
4171:
4163:
4155:
4151:Francis Galton
4147:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4107:
4099:
4091:
4083:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4062:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4039:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3892:Harvester Vase
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3595:
3593:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3561:Minoan palaces
3558:
3553:
3551:Minoan pottery
3548:
3543:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3530:
3523:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3477:
3467:on 15 May 2021
3453:
3434:
3422:
3414:
3405:
3396:
3387:
3375:
3361:
3360:External links
3358:
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2883:Monthly Review
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2714:. 3rd Series.
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1436:Other legacies
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493:for May 1873.
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2735:(2): 315–88.
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2217:
2216:Cottrell 1958
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2203:, p. 101
2202:
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2119:
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2080:, p. 93.
2079:
2078:Cottrell 1958
2074:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2038:
2032:
2016:
2012:
2005:
1999:, p. 63.
1998:
1993:
1985:
1983:9780226289557
1979:
1975:
1968:
1966:
1959:, p. 235
1958:
1953:
1946:
1941:
1934:
1929:
1922:
1917:
1911:, p. 92.
1910:
1909:Cottrell 1958
1905:
1903:
1896:, p. 42.
1895:
1890:
1882:
1880:9780292776432
1876:
1872:
1865:
1858:
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1846:
1841:
1835:, p. 86.
1834:
1833:Cottrell 1958
1829:
1820:
1813:
1812:Cottrell 1958
1808:
1800:
1798:1-117-38991-X
1794:
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1769:
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1723:
1718:
1712:, p. 22.
1711:
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1498:Howard Carter
1496:
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1480:Youlbury Camp
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1418:King George V
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1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:Scripta Minoa
1327:
1325:
1324:Scripta Minoa
1319:
1315:
1308:Scripta Minoa
1300:
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1140:This section
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1021:
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968:
963:
961:
957:
952:
943:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
905:Archaeologist
902:
900:
896:
891:
889:
885:
881:
875:
873:
869:
865:
861:
856:
854:
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835:
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807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
777:
776:
770:
765:
763:
756:
751:
749:
748:Cretan Muslim
745:
740:
738:
733:
732:
727:
726:
718:
715:Reporter for
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
692:
688:
685:
681:
680:Bosanski Brod
677:
673:
668:
666:
661:
657:
653:
652:Bashi-bazouks
649:
645:
641:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
586:
583:
582:Bashi-bazouks
579:
575:
569:
567:
563:
559:
549:
547:
543:
537:
533:
531:
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519:
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486:
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448:
439:
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436:The Pen-Viper
433:
429:
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427:The Harrovian
423:
422:Harrow School
419:
412:Harrow School
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318:Hertfordshire
315:
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235:Minoan palace
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220:archaeologist
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95:Hertfordshire
92:
75:
71:
67:
62:
57:
53:
49:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4676:Robert Flint
4665:
4601:Edward Caird
4431:Oswald Avery
4399:Thomas Lewis
4359:Arthur Evans
4358:
4095:Eduard Suess
4009:Arthur Evans
4008:
3993:Minoan seals
3897:Kamares ware
3812:Mount Juktas
3792:Psychro Cave
3635:Hagia Triada
3556:Minoan seals
3485:. Retrieved
3469:. Retrieved
3465:the original
3460:
3445:. Retrieved
3441:
3429:
3384:Arthur Evans
3372:Arthur Evans
3344:
3337:
3319:
3292:
3271:
3248:
3235:
3210:
3190:
3180:
3169:the original
3160:
3150:
3140:the original
3134:
3125:the original
3119:
3110:the original
3104:
3095:the original
3089:
3080:the original
3074:
3065:the original
3059:
3050:the original
3044:
3030:. Retrieved
3026:the original
3020:
3002:
2999:Archaeologia
2998:
2961:
2957:
2943:
2925:
2922:Archaeologia
2921:
2907:
2894:. Retrieved
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2518:
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2501:the original
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
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2454:. Retrieved
2450:the original
2437:
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2414:Pages 77–94.
2410:
2389:cite journal
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2327:Gere, Cathy
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1606:. Retrieved
1602:the original
1592:
1567:
1561:
1558:Myres, J. L.
1528:Minoan seals
1473:
1458:
1439:
1410:Copley Medal
1387:
1370:
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1330:
1328:
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1297:
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1262:to hide the
1240:stratigraphy
1237:
1219:Assisted by
1218:
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1200:
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1184:
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1160:
1149:Please help
1144:verification
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382:
374:Somme Valley
359:
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243:Greek island
232:
202:
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187:Institutions
169:
108:(1941-07-11)
106:11 July 1941
36:
4792:1941 deaths
4787:1851 births
4651:A. V. Dicey
4591:David Monro
4546:John Morley
4447:G. H. Hardy
4255:Horace Lamb
4199:James Dewar
4191:Ivan Pavlov
4167:Felix Klein
4068:(1901–1950)
3887:Stirrup jar
3782:Arkalochori
3775:Sanctuaries
3741:Nea Roumata
3685:Monastiraki
3645:Palaikastro
3628:Settlements
3330:(hardback).
3320:Phoenicians
3201:About Evans
2964:: 277–287.
2865:8 September
2772:: 270–372.
2481:14 November
1625:, p. 1
1428:) from the
1406:Lyell Medal
1272:throne room
1038:Oxfordshire
956:Boar's Hill
682:across the
644:martial law
617:Tara gorges
485:Carpathians
460:housemaster
366:numismatics
180:Archaeology
87:8 July 1851
4847:Matriarchy
4781:Categories
4766:James Ward
4621:J. B. Bury
4375:Niels Bohr
4303:Max Planck
3822:Traostalos
3766:Yerokambos
3695:Vathypetro
3541:Minoan art
2833:: 99–204.
2567:11 January
2151:Evans 1884
2051:Brown 1993
1957:Evans 1876
1945:Evans 1876
1933:Evans 1876
1857:Brown 1993
1623:Evans 1921
1608:16 October
1476:Boy Scouts
1461:Jarn Mound
1260:King Minos
1163:March 2019
1030:Boars Hill
967:John Myres
960:Bordighera
506:Egyptology
322:John Evans
310:Nash Mills
228:Bronze Age
118:Boars Hill
91:Nash Mills
83:1851-07-08
3797:Atsipades
3746:Odigitria
3721:Apesokari
3700:Zominthos
2986:163279561
2794:163720432
2544:The Times
1997:Gere 2009
1584:162188868
1366:Canaanite
1034:Berkshire
985:and wild
983:margarite
942:in 2012.
928:type site
920:Aylesford
853:Mycenaean
705:Dubrovnik
629:Dubrovnik
613:Ljubišnja
552:Göttingen
469:Hallstatt
399:Education
370:antiquary
255:Heraklion
124:, England
122:Berkshire
97:, England
4917:Linear A
4912:Linear B
4002:See also
3973:Linear B
3968:Linear A
3902:Kouloura
3827:Vrysinas
3817:Petsofas
3731:Kamilari
3690:Vasiliki
3660:Troullos
3604:Phaistos
3487:28 March
3471:28 March
3447:28 March
3336:(1973).
3247:(2013).
3233:(1958).
3032:27 April
3005:: 1–94.
2896:26 April
2584:By Evans
2031:cite web
2009:yvr101.
1749:30 March
1486:See also
1448:and the
1414:knighted
1318:Linear B
1314:Linear A
1264:Minotaur
1105:Istanbul
1086:Phaistos
1042:Youlbury
924:Swarling
709:Dalmatia
701:Sarajevo
697:Derventa
625:Pljevlja
416:After a
282:Linear B
278:Linear A
114:Youlbury
3961:Writing
3787:Kamares
3756:Phylaki
3751:Phourni
3736:Koumasa
3675:Amnisos
3665:Trypiti
3655:Gournia
3650:Kydonia
3619:Galatas
3599:Knossos
3592:Palaces
2372:Knossos
2105:31 July
2021:4 April
1426:D.Litt.
1376:Honours
1248:Mycenae
1074:Knossos
1062:Liguria
975:Alassio
782:During
660:Serbian
498:Lapland
241:on the
239:Knossos
226:in the
149:Knossos
4473:(1950)
4465:(1949)
4457:(1948)
4449:(1947)
4441:(1946)
4433:(1945)
4425:(1944)
4417:(1943)
4409:(1942)
4401:(1941)
4393:(1940)
4385:(1939)
4377:(1938)
4369:(1937)
4361:(1936)
4353:(1935)
4345:(1934)
4337:(1933)
4329:(1932)
4321:(1931)
4313:(1930)
4305:(1929)
4297:(1928)
4289:(1927)
4281:(1926)
4273:(1925)
4265:(1924)
4257:(1923)
4249:(1922)
4241:(1921)
4233:(1920)
4225:(1919)
4217:(1918)
4209:(1917)
4201:(1916)
4193:(1915)
4185:(1914)
4177:(1913)
4169:(1912)
4161:(1911)
4153:(1910)
4145:(1909)
4137:(1908)
4129:(1907)
4121:(1906)
4113:(1905)
4105:(1904)
4097:(1903)
4089:(1902)
4081:(1901)
3761:Stylos
3716:Armeni
3680:Petras
3670:Lakkos
3640:Kommos
3614:Zakros
3534:Topics
3351:
3326:
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2978:624176
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2618:Ragusa
2527:9 June
2456:9 June
2356:9 June
2296:
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1877:
1795:
1582:
1252:Tiryns
1233:palace
1101:firman
1097:pashas
1070:Zagreb
936:Belgae
762:Wookey
665:Bosnia
589:Career
475:. The
473:Amiens
458:. His
442:Oxford
404:Harrow
293:Family
176:Fields
159:Awards
3802:Karfi
3709:Tombs
3609:Malia
3585:Sites
3172:(PDF)
3165:(PDF)
2982:S2CID
2974:JSTOR
2890:(PDF)
2879:(PDF)
2851:JSTOR
2790:S2CID
2782:JSTOR
1580:S2CID
1540:Notes
1339:abjad
1225:Melos
1036:(now
987:broom
796:Times
633:Roman
385:Lewis
376:with
342:Latin
272:from
247:Crete
215:FREng
213:
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3807:Modi
3489:2012
3473:2012
3449:2012
3349:ISBN
3324:ISBN
3299:ISBN
3276:ISBN
3257:ISBN
3253:Ecco
3217:ISBN
3034:2012
2898:2012
2867:2017
2686:help
2665:XLIX
2569:2023
2529:2016
2483:2023
2458:2016
2402:help
2358:2016
2294:ISBN
2107:2018
2037:link
2023:2012
1978:ISBN
1875:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1751:2012
1685:LXXX
1610:2014
1478:and
1316:and
1250:and
930:for
794:. A
684:Sava
648:beys
615:and
544:and
393:Joan
301:The
280:and
103:Died
73:Born
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3401:at
3392:at
3007:doi
2966:doi
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2843:hdl
2835:doi
2774:doi
2770:XIV
2737:doi
2134:doi
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