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Sivalik Hills

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Rhodin, A.G.J.; Thomson, S.; Georgalis, G.; Karl, H.-V.; Danilov, I.G.; Takahashi, A.; de la Fuente, M.S.; Bourque, J.R.; Delfino M.; Bour, R.; Iverson, J.B.; Shaffer, H.B.; van Dijk, P.P.; et al. (Turtle Extinctions Working Group) (2015).
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Kaur, A. P. (2022). "New fossil mammalian assemblages and first record of ostrich from the Pinjore (Pinjor) formation (2.58–0.63 Ma) of Siwalik Hills near Chandigarh, northern India".
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of the Himalayas to their north; they are poorly consolidated. The sedimentary rocks comprising the hills are believed to be 16–5.2 million years old.
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They are bounded on the south by a fault system called the Main Frontal Thrust, with steeper slopes on that side. Below this, the coarse alluvial
3578: 2664: 883:. Forest Resource Assessment Nepal, Department of Forest Research and Survey, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Government of Nepal. 3449: 3136: 2270: 997: 875: 3541: 2702: 4002: 3100: 2599: 566: 3787: 3546: 3095: 946: 4108: 3444: 2609: 1999: 2579: 2428: 2423: 3612: 3417: 3265: 3260: 3126: 2641: 2636: 2604: 2326: 2316: 1883: 111:. It is 10–50 km (6.2–31.1 mi) wide with an average elevation of 1,500–2,000 m (4,900–6,600 ft). Between the 3770: 2968: 2631: 2562: 2371: 2351: 2311: 2293: 1261: 3864: 3573: 3248: 3131: 3025: 2626: 2470: 2461: 2346: 2241: 501: 472: 4133: 3876: 3607: 2366: 2356: 1748: 911:"Aboveground carbon stocks and sequestration rates of forests under different management regimes in Churia region of Nepal" 4138: 3763: 3121: 2288: 1974: 1817: 399: 4148: 4118: 3753: 3105: 1994: 1989: 1954: 4128: 4123: 3507: 2936: 2931: 2518: 990: 440: 4113: 3898: 3713: 3434: 2941: 2659: 2567: 2557: 2536: 2201: 1964: 1838: 1797: 3815: 3733: 3698: 3467: 3161: 2418: 1949: 313:
rates of the Churia forests differ among different forest management regimes and are highest in protected areas.
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Lycett, S. J. (2007). "Is the Soanian techno-complex a Mode 1 or Mode 3 phenomenon? A morphometric assessment".
144: 3792: 3517: 3439: 1843: 1807: 297:. The Soanian archaeological culture is found across Sivalik region in present-day India, Nepal and Pakistan. 4143: 3585: 2901: 2614: 1984: 1537: 17: 2387: 2252: 2050: 1878: 1873: 1858: 983: 214: 3210: 1591: 3940: 2707: 2226: 2216: 1959: 1944: 1923: 1918: 1908: 1254: 359: 3886: 3775: 3718: 2963: 2509: 2454: 2055: 1888: 1647: 583:"Magnetic polarity stratigraphy of Siwalik Group sediments of Karnali River section in western Nepal" 349: 4153: 3859: 3758: 3723: 3512: 2982: 2821: 2221: 1969: 1741: 1652: 892: 3357: 3218: 2906: 2045: 2030: 1913: 1903: 1812: 1711: 1706: 1676: 1642: 386: 79: 724: 707: 3983: 3973: 3854: 3842: 3802: 3708: 3558: 2731: 2712: 2692: 2231: 2211: 1928: 1868: 1637: 1601: 1379: 354: 183: 4062: 4037: 4032: 3492: 3035: 2891: 2717: 2531: 1663: 1622: 1339: 1247: 910: 560: 489: 460: 369: 364: 252: 197:
zone makes the transition to the nearly level plains. Rainfall, especially during the summer
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Kelley, J. (1988). "A new large species of Sivapithecus from the Siwaliks of Pakistan".
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The Sivalik Hills are well known for fossils of vertebrates, spanning from the Early
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Patnaik, R. (2013). "Indian Neogene Siwalik Mammalian Biostratigraphy. An Overview".
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Nanda, A.C. (2002). "Upper Siwalik mammalian faunas of India and associated events".
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Basu, Christopher; Falkingham, Peter L.; Hutchinson, John R. (January 2016).
570:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 163–164. 555: 1726: 1093: 3683: 3590: 3395: 3200: 3068: 2860: 2798: 2778: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2106: 1507: 1502: 1482: 1394: 1214: 1149: 1134: 1068: 790: 772: 327: 306: 263: 112: 64:'. The hills are known for their numerous fossils, and is also home to the 1239: 691: 123:
is a gap of about 90 km (56 mi). They are well known for their
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that stretches over about 2,400 km (1,500 mi) from the
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Subedi, B.; Lamichhane, P.; Magar, L. K.; Subedi, T. (2022).
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Geographical subdivisions of Himalayas (from east to west)
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Geological subdivisions of Himalayas (from north to south)
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were found in the Sivalik region. Contemporary to the
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Some of the best known fossils from the hills include
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Mountains of India: Tourism, Adventure and Pilgrimage
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of the outer Himalayas. They are chiefly composed of
755:: skeletal reconstruction and body mass estimation" 250:, the largest known tortoise to have ever existed, 454: 452: 281:culture dating to around 500,000 to 125,000 years 164:View of the Sivalik hills from Sukhna lake at dawn 4100: 3579:Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks 449: 580: 171:Geologically, the Sivalik Hills belong to the 3137:Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 2455: 1756: 1742: 1255: 991: 150:Ganga river cutting through the Sivalik hills 487: 3101:Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 1269: 725:10.3854/crm.5.000e.fossil.checklist.v1.2015 458: 3096:Western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 2462: 2448: 1749: 1735: 1262: 1248: 998: 984: 463:. In Schug, G. R.; Walimbe, S. R. (eds.). 322:Subranges of Sivalik (from north to south) 241:, around 18 million to 600,000 years ago. 215:South Asian Stone Age § Siwalik Hills 186:rock formations, which are the solidified 2000:North Bengal Medical College and Hospital 926: 780: 733: 723: 616: 606: 424: 289:, the Soanian culture is named after the 2469: 698: 554: 550: 548: 481: 430: 218: 78: 31: 4159:Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 3127:Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 2409:Cities and towns in Darjeeling district 2388:Cities and towns in Darjeeling district 1884:Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park 681: 14: 4101: 838: 803: 2443: 1730: 1243: 979: 873: 646: 545: 465:A Companion to South Asia in the Past 107:, spanning the northern parts of the 1980:Southfield (formerly Loreto) College 1005: 631: 516: 496:. Indus Publishing. pp. 24–25. 3122:Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 1818:Darjeeling (Lok Sabha constituency) 625: 400:Jammu and Kashmir (union territory) 24: 3106:Himalayan subtropical pine forests 1995:Himalayan Mountaineering Institute 742: 433:The Wonderland of Himachal Pradesh 223:Skeleton of the gigantic tortoise 25: 4170: 3831:Dehradun–Haridwar–Rishikesh Metro 3132:Terai–Duar savanna and grasslands 2937:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh 2932:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh 939: 841:Journal of Archaeological Science 634:Ecology and Biogeography in India 587:Geophysical Journal International 581:Gautam, P.; Fujiwara, Y. (2000). 27:Mountain range in India and Nepal 4109:Mountain ranges of the Himalayas 3598:Monuments of National Importance 2202:Tibetan Refugee Self Help Centre 1975:Victoria Boys' School (Kurseong) 1839:Darjeeling Himalayan hill region 1798:Gorkha National Liberation Front 1228: 608:10.1046/j.1365-246x.2000.00185.x 157: 143: 3613:Tourist attractions in Dehradun 2429:Villages in Darjeeling district 2424:People from Darjeeling district 902: 867: 832: 797: 649:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 539:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107694 3870:Institutes of higher education 1844:Jore Pokhri Wildlife Sanctuary 1808:Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council 675: 640: 574: 510: 13: 1: 2902:Ceded and Conquered Provinces 2610:Provincial Armed Constabulary 1985:Darjeeling Government College 1538:Protected areas in Tamil Nadu 751:"The extinct, giant giraffid 712:Chelonian Research Monographs 669:10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00013-5 417: 208: 3537:Parliamentary constituencies 3473:Community Development Blocks 2969:Bifurcation of Uttar Pradesh 2253:Darjeeling Sadar subdivision 2051:Darjeeling Himalayan Railway 1879:Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary 826:10.1016/0047-2484(88)90073-5 300: 74: 60:of "Sivalik" is 'tresses of 7: 4134:Mountain ranges of Pakistan 2605:Fire and Emergency Services 2340:Vidhan Sabha constituencies 1592:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 316: 10: 4175: 4139:Hills of Jammu and Kashmir 2217:Mag-Dhog Yolmowa Monastery 1945:University of North Bengal 1919:Demographics of Darjeeling 1909:Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary 806:Journal of Human Evolution 519:Quaternary Science Reviews 360:Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains 212: 134: 4149:Hills of Himachal Pradesh 4119:Mountain ranges of Bhutan 4001: 3949: 3906: 3897: 3887:Uttarakhand Gaurav Samman 3801: 3746: 3697: 3621: 3603:State Protected Monuments 3566: 3557: 3485: 3460: 3427: 3416: 3356: 3313: 3306: 3285: 3278: 3247: 3209: 3171: 3160: 3153: 3114: 3088: 3081: 3044: 3003: 2994: 2981: 2954: 2920: 2890: 2881: 2807: 2739: 2730: 2685: 2652: 2642:Provincial Forest Service 2637:Provincial Police Service 2627:Public Service Commission 2550: 2517: 2508: 2481: 2396: 2380: 2339: 2302: 2279: 2251: 2240: 2074: 2008: 1937: 1826: 1765: 1661: 1610: 1584: 1551: 1470: 1449: 1403: 1278: 1226: 1014: 928:10.3126/banko.v32i1.45442 861:10.1016/j.jas.2006.11.001 350:Indus-Yarlung suture zone 131:aged vertebrate fossils. 4129:Mountain ranges of Nepal 4124:Mountain ranges of India 2677:Leader of the Opposition 2632:Provincial Civil Service 2266:Jorebunglow Sukhiapokhri 1970:Goethals Memorial School 431:Balokhra, J. M. (1999). 293:in the Sivalik Hills of 91:The Sivalik Hills are a 71:archaeological culture. 36:Map of the Sivalik Hills 4114:Mountain ranges of Asia 3525:Assembly constituencies 2907:North-Western Provinces 2600:Disaster Response Force 2046:Transport in Darjeeling 2031:Happy Valley Tea Estate 1914:Singalila National Park 1813:Darjeeling Municipality 877:Churia forests of Nepal 567:Encyclopædia Britannica 387:Indian Himalayan Region 103:eastwards close to the 3877:Awards and decorations 3865:School Education Board 3450:Municipal Corporations 2759:Khasa Janapada kingdom 2419:Hill stations in India 2212:Bhutia Busty Monastery 2041:Economy of West Bengal 1929:Chowrasta (Darjeeling) 1766:History and government 1602:Atolls of the Maldives 1380:Chittagong Hill Tracts 773:10.1098/rsbl.2015.0940 684:Fossil Mammals of Asia 355:Karakoram fault system 230: 88: 37: 3530:Former constituencies 3508:2016 political crisis 3493:Coolie-Begar movement 2242:Community development 2056:Katihar–Siliguri line 2009:Economy and Transport 874:Thapa, H. B. (2014). 753:Sivatherium giganteum 692:10.7312/wang15012-017 561:"Siwalik Hills"  488:Kohli, M. S. (2002). 370:Lower/Lesser Himalaya 365:Main Himalayan Thrust 253:Sivatherium giganteum 222: 213:Further information: 82: 35: 4144:Hills of Uttarakhand 3771:Association football 3764:Women's cricket team 2964:Rampur Tiraha firing 2660:Legislative Assembly 2568:Council of Ministers 2498:(summer); judicial: 2304:Siliguri subdivision 2281:Kurseong subdivision 2026:Pattabong Tea Garden 1990:St. Joseph's College 459:Chauhan, P. (2016). 338:Shivalik Fossil Park 311:carbon sequestration 3776:Men's football team 3574:World Heritage Site 3542:Rajya Sabha members 2261:Darjeeling Pulbazar 2187:Tendong Lho Rumfaat 1955:St. Joseph's School 1950:Mount Hermon School 1773:Darjeeling district 1478:Indo-Gangetic plain 1411:Balochistan Plateau 958: /  853:2007JArSc..34.1434L 818:1988JHumE..17..305K 661:2002JAESc..21...47N 632:Mani, M.S. (2012). 599:2000GeoJI.142..812G 531:2022QSRv..29307694K 412:Geology of Pakistan 404:Geography of Ladakh 109:Indian subcontinent 58:literal translation 3759:Men's cricket team 3714:Govind Pashu Vihar 3498:Statehood movement 3445:Urban Local Bodies 2868:Anglo-Nepalese War 2749:Uttarakuru kingdom 2362:Matigara-Naxalbari 2066:Darjeeling Ropeway 1390:Gandhamardan Hills 1360:Sulaiman Mountains 1210:Sulaiman Mountains 276:Middle Paleolithic 257:the largest known 247:Megalochelys atlas 239:Middle Pleistocene 231: 226:Megalochelys atlas 89: 83:Sivalik Hills and 69:Middle Paleolithic 38: 4096: 4095: 3997: 3996: 3941:Udham Singh Nagar 3882:Uttarakhand Ratna 3826:Char Dham Railway 3821:Char Dham Highway 3742: 3741: 3734:Valley of Flowers 3547:Lok Sabha members 3481: 3480: 3412: 3411: 3408: 3407: 3404: 3403: 3274: 3273: 3149: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3077: 3076: 3016:Garhwal Himalayas 2977: 2976: 2950: 2949: 2873:Treaty of Sugauli 2726: 2725: 2620:Police Department 2615:Forest Department 2437: 2436: 2335: 2334: 1965:St. Paul's School 1783:History of Bengal 1778:History of Sikkim 1724: 1723: 1498:Indus River Delta 1237: 1236: 1145:Kala Chitta Range 962:27.767°N 82.400°E 503:978-81-7387-135-1 474:978-1-119-05547-1 391:Geology of Bhutan 105:Brahmaputra River 16:(Redirected from 4166: 3904: 3903: 3667:Kedarnath Temple 3655:Badrinath Temple 3643:Yamunotri Temple 3564: 3563: 3425: 3424: 3311: 3310: 3283: 3282: 3266:Scheduled Tribes 3261:Scheduled Castes 3253:Scheduled Tribes 3249:Scheduled Castes 3169: 3168: 3158: 3157: 3086: 3085: 3001: 3000: 2992: 2991: 2942:United Provinces 2888: 2887: 2764:Himalaya kingdom 2737: 2736: 2515: 2514: 2464: 2457: 2450: 2441: 2440: 2249: 2248: 2061:Bagdogra Airport 2036:Tourism in India 1874:Darjeeling Sadar 1859:Observatory Hill 1788:History of Nepal 1751: 1744: 1737: 1728: 1727: 1518:Coromandel Coast 1441:Pothohar Plateau 1365:Toba Kakar Range 1294: 1264: 1257: 1250: 1241: 1240: 1232: 1079:Cholistan Desert 1000: 993: 986: 977: 976: 973: 972: 970: 969: 968: 963: 959: 956: 955: 954: 951: 933: 932: 930: 906: 900: 899: 897: 891:. Archived from 882: 871: 865: 864: 847:(9): 1434–1440. 836: 830: 829: 801: 795: 794: 784: 746: 740: 739: 737: 727: 718:(8): 000e.1–66. 702: 696: 695: 679: 673: 672: 644: 638: 637: 629: 623: 622: 620: 610: 578: 572: 571: 563: 552: 543: 542: 514: 508: 507: 490:"Shivalik Range" 485: 479: 478: 456: 447: 446: 428: 408:Gilgit-Baltistan 395:Geology of Nepal 382:Eastern Himalaya 161: 147: 44:, also known as 21: 4174: 4173: 4169: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4164: 4163: 4154:Hills of Sikkim 4099: 4098: 4097: 4092: 4004: 3993: 3945: 3893: 3848:Kumaoni cuisine 3804: 3797: 3788:Olympic Stadium 3783:Cricket Stadium 3738: 3700: 3693: 3624: 3617: 3553: 3518:Local elections 3503:Chipko movement 3477: 3456: 3419: 3400: 3352: 3302: 3270: 3252: 3250: 3243: 3205: 3163: 3141: 3110: 3073: 3040: 3011:Great Himalayas 2996: 2986: 2984: 2973: 2956: 2946: 2923: 2916: 2912:Agra Presidency 2893: 2883: 2877: 2834:Katyuri dynasty 2817:Garhwal Kingdom 2809: 2803: 2794:Kuninda Kingdom 2769:Parvata kingdom 2754:Paurava kingdom 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dynasty 2813: 2811: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2774:Kirata kingdom 2771: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2745: 2743: 2734: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2723: 2721: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2689: 2687: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2679: 2674: 2669: 2668: 2667: 2656: 2654: 2650: 2649: 2647: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2624: 2623: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2576: 2575: 2565: 2563:Chief Minister 2560: 2554: 2552: 2548: 2547: 2545: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2523: 2521: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2484:State capitals 2482: 2479: 2478: 2467: 2466: 2459: 2452: 2444: 2435: 2434: 2432: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2400: 2398: 2394: 2393: 2391: 2390: 2384: 2382: 2378: 2377: 2375: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2343: 2341: 2337: 2336: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2308: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2285: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2274: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2257: 2255: 2246: 2238: 2237: 2235: 2234: 2229: 2227:Mahakal Temple 2224: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2207:Ghum Monastery 2204: 2199: 2197:Chotrul Duchen 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2078: 2076: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2021:Terrace fields 2018: 2016:Darjeeling tea 2012: 2010: 2006: 2005: 2003: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1960:Loreto Convent 1957: 1952: 1947: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1931: 1926: 1924:Mahakal Temple 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1830: 1828: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1820: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1769: 1767: 1763: 1762: 1760:related topics 1754: 1753: 1746: 1739: 1731: 1722: 1721: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1716: 1715: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1668: 1666: 1659: 1658: 1656: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1614: 1612: 1608: 1607: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1588: 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Janakari 901: 898:on 8 May 2017. 866: 831: 812:(3): 305–324. 796: 741: 697: 674: 639: 624: 593:(3): 812–824. 573: 558:, ed. (1911). 556:Chisholm, Hugh 544: 509: 502: 480: 473: 448: 441: 422: 421: 419: 416: 415: 414: 397: 384: 378: 377: 373: 372: 367: 362: 357: 352: 346: 345: 341: 340: 335: 333:Margalla Hills 330: 324: 323: 318: 315: 302: 299: 283:Before Present 210: 207: 163: 156: 155: 154: 149: 142: 141: 140: 139: 138: 136: 133: 93:mountain range 76: 73: 50:mountain range 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4171: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4010: 4008: 4006: 4000: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3984:Tehri Garhwal 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3974:Pauri Garhwal 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3948: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3896: 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2938: 2935: 2933: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2889: 2886: 2880: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2862: 2859: 2858: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2851:Raika Kingdom 2849: 2847: 2846:Khasa Kingdom 2844: 2840: 2839:Chand dynasty 2837: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2830: 2827: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2818: 2815: 2814: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2789:Kushan Empire 2787: 2785: 2784:Maurya Empire 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2746: 2744: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2729: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2698:Chief Justice 2696: 2694: 2691: 2690: 2688: 2684: 2678: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2666: 2663: 2662: 2661: 2658: 2657: 2655: 2651: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2628: 2625: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2574: 2571: 2570: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 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2057: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2007: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1940: 1936: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1889:Manebhanjyang 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1864:Sivalik Hills 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1834:Kangchenjunga 1832: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1759: 1752: 1747: 1745: 1740: 1738: 1733: 1732: 1729: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1698: 1695: 1694: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1660: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 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1242: 1231: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1195:Sivalik Hills 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1125:Ghaggar river 1123: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1016: 1013: 1008: 1001: 996: 994: 989: 987: 982: 981: 978: 974: 971: 929: 924: 920: 916: 912: 905: 894: 890: 886: 879: 878: 870: 862: 858: 854: 850: 846: 842: 835: 827: 823: 819: 815: 811: 807: 800: 792: 788: 783: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 761: 756: 754: 745: 736: 731: 726: 721: 717: 713: 709: 701: 693: 689: 685: 678: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 643: 635: 628: 619: 614: 609: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 577: 569: 568: 562: 557: 551: 549: 540: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 513: 505: 499: 495: 491: 484: 476: 470: 466: 462: 455: 453: 444: 442:9788184659757 438: 434: 427: 423: 413: 409: 405: 401: 398: 396: 392: 388: 385: 383: 380: 379: 375: 374: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 347: 343: 342: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 325: 321: 320: 314: 312: 308: 298: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 277: 273: 268: 266: 265: 260: 256: 254: 249: 248: 242: 240: 236: 228: 227: 221: 216: 206: 204: 200: 196: 191: 189: 185: 181: 177: 174: 160: 146: 132: 130: 126: 122: 118: 117:Raidāk Rivers 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 95:of the outer 94: 86: 81: 72: 70: 67: 63: 59: 55: 52:of the outer 51: 47: 43: 42:Sivalik Hills 34: 30: 19: 18:Sivalik Range 3684:Panch Prayag 3591:Asan Barrage 3154:Demographics 3069:Ganges Basin 3020: 2955:Contemporary 2861:Shah dynasty 2799:Gupta Empire 2779:Nanda Empire 2499: 2493: 2487: 2222:Peace Pagoda 2107:Yolmo/Yamloo 1863: 1712:Southeastern 1707:Southwestern 1687:Northeastern 1677:Northwestern 1508:Ganges Delta 1503:Ganges Basin 1493:Indus Valley 1483:Punjab plain 1416:Chota Nagpur 1395:Lushai Hills 1334: 1215:Sutlej River 1194: 1150:Kirana Hills 1135:Jhelum River 1069:Chenab River 943: 921:(1): 15–24. 918: 914: 904: 893:the original 876: 869: 844: 840: 834: 809: 805: 799: 764: 758: 752: 744: 715: 711: 700: 683: 677: 655:(1): 47–58. 652: 648: 642: 633: 627: 590: 586: 576: 565: 522: 518: 512: 493: 483: 464: 432: 426: 328:Dundwa Range 307:carbon stock 304: 269: 264:Sivapithecus 262: 251: 245: 243: 237:, until the 232: 224: 192: 184:conglomerate 170: 90: 46:Churia Hills 45: 41: 39: 29: 4058:Pithoragarh 3979:Rudraprayag 3936:Pithoragarh 3719:Jim Corbett 3679:Panch Kedar 3674:Sapta Badri 3173:Indo-Aryans 2957:Uttarakhand 2884:Uttarakhand 2708:Bar Council 2653:Legislature 2595:Departments 2495:Bhararisain 2475:Uttarakhand 2182:Devil Dance 1904:Rock Garden 1793:British Raj 1653:Afghanistan 1597:Lakshadweep 1462:Thar Desert 1457:Thal Desert 1345:Khasi Hills 1220:Thal Desert 1205:Soon Valley 1130:Indus River 1098:Indus Sagar 965: / 735:11336/62240 291:Soan Valley 205:or plains. 129:Pleistocene 101:Indus River 4103:Categories 3989:Uttarkashi 3812:Transport 3724:Nanda Devi 3376:Chaudangsi 3315:Indo-Aryan 3082:Ecoregions 2995:Geological 2713:Lok Adalat 2693:High Court 2510:Government 2492:(winter); 2404:Darjeeling 2397:Categories 2372:Phansidewa 2352:Darjeeling 2322:Phansidewa 2112:Miji/Damai 1869:Tiger Hill 1803:Gorkhaland 1758:Darjeeling 1643:Bangladesh 1611:By country 1569:West Coast 1564:East Coast 1528:Sundarbans 1385:Naga Hills 1375:Hindu Kush 1330:Garo Hills 1272:South Asia 1200:Soan River 1190:Salt Range 1180:Ravi River 1054:Beas River 889:2015515752 618:2115/38248 525:: 107694. 418:References 209:Prehistory 4078:Mussoorie 4068:New Tehri 4048:Rishikesh 3926:Champawat 3921:Bageshwar 3899:Districts 3860:Education 3662:Kedarnath 3650:Badrinath 3638:Yamunotri 3567:Monuments 3513:Elections 3435:Districts 3420:divisions 3279:Languages 3239:Banrawats 3191:Jaunsaris 3181:Garhwalis 3089:Highlands 3004:Mountains 2983:Geography 2718:Lokayukta 2686:Judiciary 2551:Executive 2414:Himalayas 2347:Kalimpong 2327:Kharibari 2317:Naxalbari 2232:Chowrasta 1938:Education 1899:Sandakphu 1854:Jalapahar 1849:Katapahar 1827:Geography 1638:Sri Lanka 1370:Karakoram 1286:Himalayas 1279:Mountains 1064:Bhattiana 1009:geography 301:Ecosystem 287:Acheulean 180:sandstone 97:Himalayas 75:Geography 54:Himalayas 4073:Nainital 4063:Srinagar 4053:Ramnagar 4038:Rudrapur 4033:Kashipur 4023:Haldwani 4018:Haridwar 4013:Dehradun 3969:Haridwar 3964:Dehradun 3931:Nainital 3816:Airports 3709:Gangotri 3699:National 3633:Gangotri 3623:Chardham 3486:Politics 3468:Parganas 3333:Jaunsari 3323:Garhwali 3298:Sanskrit 3286:Official 3219:Bhotiyas 3186:Kumaonis 3115:Lowlands 2997:features 2882:Colonial 2810:kingdoms 2808:Medieval 2742:kingdoms 2590:Agencies 2573:Cabinets 2558:Governor 2501:Nainital 2489:Dehradun 2381:Template 2367:Siliguri 2357:Kurseong 2312:Matigara 2294:Kurseong 2152:Buddhism 2147:Hinduism 1697:Southern 1692:Littoral 1682:Northern 1648:Maldives 1623:Pakistan 1471:Lowlands 1404:Plateaus 1315:Nilgiris 1059:Bhatiore 791:26763212 317:See also 295:Pakistan 259:giraffid 188:detritus 176:deposits 173:Tertiary 48:, are a 4043:Kotdwar 4028:Roorkee 3959:Chamoli 3951:Garhwal 3855:Economy 3843:Cuisine 3754:Cricket 3625:circuit 3608:Temples 3559:Tourism 3440:Tehsils 3381:Darmiya 3371:Byangsi 3338:Bangani 3328:Kumaoni 3224:Shaukas 3031:Bugyals 2987:ecology 2892:Company 2740:Ancient 2732:History 2672:Speaker 2665:History 2585:Gazette 2519:Symbols 2162:Chhurpi 2157:Wai-wai 2137:Bengali 2075:Culture 1672:Central 1585:Islands 1450:Deserts 1185:Sakesar 1175:Pothwar 1084:Derajat 1074:Chhachh 953:82°24′E 950:27°46′N 849:Bibcode 814:Bibcode 782:4785933 657:Bibcode 595:Bibcode 527:Bibcode 279:Soanian 235:Miocene 199:monsoon 135:Geology 125:Neogene 66:Soanian 4083:Almora 4005:cities 3916:Almora 3908:Kumaon 3805:topics 3747:Sports 3729:Rajaji 3689:Gomukh 3366:Rongpo 3307:Spoken 3201:Tharus 3196:Buksas 3164:groups 3162:Ethnic 3054:Bhabar 3046:Plains 2703:Judges 2532:Emblem 2244:blocks 2177:Chhang 2167:Thukpa 2142:Nepali 2132:Gorkha 2102:Bhutia 2097:Lepcha 2087:Sherpa 2082:Tamang 1894:Phalut 1702:Island 1664:region 1633:Bhutan 1576:Makran 1552:Coasts 1543:Makran 1523:Konkan 1140:Kachhi 1120:Duggar 1106:Rachna 1048:Jungle 1044:Gondal 1032:Kirana 1028:Sandal 1007:Punjab 887:  789:  779:  500:  471:  439:  195:Bhabar 113:Teesta 85:Ganges 56:. The 4088:Pauri 4003:Major 3838:Music 3803:Other 3701:parks 3461:Rural 3428:Urban 3391:Rawat 3348:Tharu 3343:Buksa 3293:Hindi 3229:Rajis 3059:Terai 3036:Lakes 2922:Crown 2542:Motto 2471:State 2289:Mirik 2127:Limbu 2122:Newar 2117:Kamai 1628:Nepal 1618:India 1513:Terai 1436:Malwa 1170:Puadh 1160:Malwa 1155:Majha 1094:Doabs 1089:Doaba 1040:Ganji 1036:Neeli 1019:Bagar 896:(PDF) 881:(PDF) 272:Lower 203:Terai 121:Assam 87:River 62:Shiva 3386:Raji 3234:Jads 3064:Doab 2924:rule 2894:rule 2537:Song 2172:Momo 1488:Doab 1114:Bist 1110:Bari 1102:Chaj 1024:Bars 885:LCCN 787:PMID 498:ISBN 469:ISBN 437:ISBN 410:and 393:and 309:and 305:The 182:and 127:and 115:and 40:The 3396:Jad 3251:and 2985:and 2527:Day 2473:of 2092:Rai 1662:By 923:doi 857:doi 822:doi 777:PMC 769:doi 730:hdl 720:doi 688:doi 665:doi 613:hdl 603:doi 591:142 535:doi 523:293 119:in 4105:: 1112:• 1108:• 1104:• 1100:• 1046:• 1042:• 1038:• 1034:• 1030:• 919:32 917:. 913:. 855:. 845:34 843:. 820:. 810:17 808:. 785:. 775:. 765:12 763:. 757:. 728:. 714:. 710:. 663:. 653:21 651:. 611:. 601:. 589:. 585:. 564:. 547:^ 533:. 521:. 492:. 451:^ 406:, 402:, 389:, 267:. 2463:e 2456:t 2449:v 1750:e 1743:t 1736:v 1263:e 1256:t 1249:v 1116:) 1096:( 1050:) 1026:( 999:e 992:t 985:v 931:. 925:: 863:. 859:: 851:: 828:. 824:: 816:: 793:. 771:: 738:. 732:: 722:: 716:5 694:. 690:: 671:. 667:: 659:: 621:. 615:: 605:: 597:: 541:. 537:: 529:: 506:. 477:. 445:. 274:- 255:, 20:)

Index

Sivalik Range

mountain range
Himalayas
literal translation
Shiva
Soanian
Middle Paleolithic

Ganges
mountain range
Himalayas
Indus River
Brahmaputra River
Indian subcontinent
Teesta
Raidāk Rivers
Assam
Neogene
Pleistocene


Tertiary
deposits
sandstone
conglomerate
detritus
Bhabar
monsoon
Terai

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