2848:
3046:
3538:, which comprised the majority of deaths in this category. The most recent, complete data, from 2017, shows gunshot related homicides as having been the 31st most common cause of death in the US, while gunshot related suicides was the 21st most common cause of death. Accidental discharge of a firearm accounted for the 59th most common cause of death, with 486 deaths in 2017, while 616 individuals were killed by law enforcement, comprising the 58th most common cause of death. The total number of deaths related to firearms in 2017 was 38,882 (not including incidents of deaths resulting from lethal force when used by law enforcement), while the most common cause of death, heart disease, claimed 647,457 lives, over sixteen times that of firearms, including suicides. The most recent data from the CDC, from 2020, shows that deaths involving firearms accounted for about 0.2% of all deaths nationwide in 2020, of which about two-thirds were suicides.
3031:
the match was brought into the open end of a "touch hole" at the base of the gun barrel, which contained a very small quantity of gunpowder, igniting the main charge of gunpowder in the gun barrel. The match usually had to be relit after each firing. The main parts of the matchlock firing mechanism are the pan, match, arm, and trigger. A benefit of the pan and arm swivel being moved to the side of the gun was it gave a clear line of fire. An advantage to the matchlock firing mechanism is that it did not misfire. However, it also came with some disadvantages. One disadvantage involved weather: in rain, the match could not be kept lit to fire the weapon. Another issue with the match was it could give away the position of soldiers because of the glow, sound, and smell. While
European pistols were equipped with wheellock and flintlock mechanisms, Asian pistols used matchlock mechanisms.
2789:
magazines holding multiple munitions were adopted—these aided rapid reloading. Automatic and semi-automatic firing mechanisms meant that a single soldier could fire many more rounds in a minute than a vintage weapon could fire over the course of a battle. Polymers and alloys in firearm construction made weaponry progressively lighter and thus easier to deploy. Ammunition changed over the centuries from simple metallic ball-shaped projectiles that rattled down the barrel to bullets and cartridges manufactured to high precision. Especially in the past century particular attention has focused on accuracy and sighting to make firearms altogether far more accurate than ever before. More than any single factor though, firearms have proliferated due to the advent of mass production—enabling arms-manufacturers to produce large quantities of weaponry to a consistent standard.
2975:
muzzleloaders (usually rifled instead of smooth-bored) are manufactured today and have many enthusiasts, many of whom hunt large and small game with their guns. Muzzleloaders have to be manually reloaded after each shot; a skilled archer could fire multiple arrows faster than most early muskets could be reloaded and fired, although by the mid-18th century when muzzleloaders became the standard small-armament of the military, a well-drilled soldier could fire six rounds in a minute using prepared cartridges in his musket. Before then, the effectiveness of muzzleloaders was hindered both by the low reloading speed and, before the firing mechanism was perfected, by the very high risk posed by the firearm to the person attempting to fire it.
879:
2049:" to differentiate them from proper machine guns. Submachine guns are commonly associated with high rates of fire, automatic fire capabilities, and low recoil, though many submachine guns differentiate from this in various ways, such as having fairly low rates of fire or including burst and semi-automatic modes available through selective fire. Most submachine guns are the size of carbines and short-barreled rifles, and use similar configurations. Many are designed to take as little space as possible for use in close-quarters or for easy storage in vehicles and cases. Some submachine guns are designed and configured similar to pistols even down to size, and are thus occasionally classed as
3138:), coming into wide service in the early 19th century, offered a dramatic improvement over flintlocks. With the percussion-cap mechanism, the small primer charge of gunpowder used in all preceding firearms was replaced by a completely self-contained explosive charge contained in a small brass "cap". The cap was fastened to the touch hole of the gun (extended to form a "nipple") and ignited by the impact of the gun's "hammer". (The hammer is roughly the same as the cock found on flintlocks except that it does not clamp onto anything.) In the case of percussion caps the hammer was hollow on the end to fit around the cap in order to keep the cap from fragmenting and injuring the shooter.
3605:
that soldiers that fought in Iraq or
Afghanistan who significantly engaged in firefights had a linear association with the risk of PTSD. Hoge found that the rates of PTSD ranged from 4.5% from those who had not been involved in firefights to 19.3% to those involved in five or more firefights, displaying an apparent correlation between risk of PTSD and firefights. Additionally, school shootings are often studied and exhibit a connection between PTSD and the involvement with firearms. It was found that rates of PTSD were highest in students that were in direct exposure, which was around 9.7% of the recorded population. Rates would be as low as 3.4% in those with no exposure.
1182:
3514:
2749:
1747:
3626:(NIHL). NIHL can result from long-term exposure to noise or from high intensity impact noises such as gunshots. Individuals who shoot guns often have a characteristic pattern of hearing loss referred to as "shooters ear". They often have a high-frequency loss with better hearing in the low frequencies and one ear is typically worse than the other. The ear on the side the shooter is holding the gun will receive protection from the sound wave from the shoulder while the other ear remains unprotected and more susceptible to the full impact of the sound wave.
2899:
2777:
3271:
2765:(1511). Starting in the 1513, the traditions of German-Bohemian gun-making merged with Turkish gun-making traditions. This resulted in the Indo-Portuguese tradition of matchlocks. Indian craftsmen modified the design by introducing a very short, almost pistol-like buttstock held against the cheek, not the shoulder, when aiming. They also reduced the caliber and made the gun lighter and more balanced. This was a hit with the Portuguese who did a lot of fighting aboard ship and on river craft, and valued a more compact gun. The
2204:
3699:, and not the definition of a title I firearm, which includes firearms not restricted by the NFA. ATF forms dealing with Title II weapons all state the above-mentioned information, however, the above information is only applicable for the purposes of those forms. For practical purposes, a firearm, in the U.S., is defined as the part of a weapon- designed to use expanded gas caused by the combustion of explosive material, to propel a projectile- which houses the fire control group (trigger & sear).
2863:, later replaced by cast iron) through the muzzle, while a fuse was placed at the rear. This fuse was lit, causing the gunpowder to ignite and propel the projectiles. In military use, the standard hand cannon was tremendously powerful, while also being somewhat erratic due to the relative inability of the gunner to aim the weapon, or to control the ballistic properties of the projectile. Recoil could be absorbed by bracing the barrel against the ground using a wooden support, the forerunner of the
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1330:
142:
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regardless, making their issuance questionable). Thus, per their name, personal defense weapons allow these personnel to effectively defend themselves from enemies and repel attacks themselves or at least until support can arrive. They are not intended for civilian self-defense due to their nature as automatic firearms (which are usually prohibited from civilian purchase), though some semi-automatic PDWs exist for the civilian market, albeit often with longer barrels.
2007:
662:
7399:
3757:
expel or may be converted to expel a shot, bullet or projectile by the action of a combustible propellant". For legal reasons, objects can be considered a firearm if they have the appearance of a firearm or are made in a way that makes it possible to convert them to a firearm. Member states may be allowed to exclude from their gun control law items such as antique weapons, or specific purposes items that can only be used for that sole purpose.
2957:
3085:
1449:
3012:
2821:
45:
3554:
3165:
2617:
1847:
2706:
1023:
3411:
647:
2135:
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3891:"Firearm" shall mean any portable barrelled weapon that expels, is designed to expel or may be readily converted to expel a shot, bullet or projectile by the action of an explosive, excluding antique firearms or their replicas. Antique firearms and their replicas shall be defined in accordance with domestic law. In no case, however, shall antique firearms include firearms manufactured after 1899
3350:" cartridge). As a rule, centerfire cartridges are more powerful than rimfire cartridges, operating at considerably higher pressures than rimfire cartridges. Centerfire cartridges are also safer, as a dropped rimfire cartridge has the potential to discharge if its rim strikes the ground with sufficient force to ignite the primer. This is practically impossible with most centerfire cartridges.
1197:
3450:, which would fire cartridges from a magazine as fast as and as long as the operator turned a crank. Eventually, the "rapid" firing mechanism was perfected and miniaturized to the extent that either the recoil of the firearm or the gas pressure from firing could be used to operate it, thus the operator needed only to pull a trigger—this made the firing mechanisms truly "automatic". An
2930:). The term arquebus was applied to many different types of guns. In their earliest form they were defensive weapon mounts on German city walls in the 15th Century. The addition of a shoulder stock, priming pan and matchlock mechanism in the late 15th century turned the arquebus into a handheld firearm, and also first firearm equipped with a trigger. Heavy arquebuses mounted on
3427:
1572:
3204:
magazines permitted the use of larger cartridges and eliminated the hazard of having the bullet of one cartridge butting next to the primer or rim of another cartridge. These magazines are loaded while they are in the weapon, often using a stripper clip. A clip is used to transfer cartridges into the magazine. Some notable weapons that use internal magazines include the
3800:(a) which is designed or adapted, or is capable of being modified, to discharge shot or a bullet or other missile by the expansion of gases produced in the device by the ignition of strongly combustible materials or by compressed air or other gases, whether stored in the device in pressurised containers or produced in the device by mechanical means; and
2982:. This was a muzzleloader in which multiple charges and balls were loaded one on top of the other, with a small hole in each ball to allow the subsequent charge to be ignited after the one ahead of it was ignited. It was neither a very reliable nor popular firearm, but it enabled a form of "automatic" fire long before the advent of the machine gun.
2833:
the enemy. Sometimes
Chinese troops would place small projectiles within the barrel that would also be projected when the gunpowder was lit, but most of the explosive force would create flames. Later, the barrel was changed to be made of metal, so that more explosive gunpowder could be used and put more force into the propulsion of projectiles.
3252:
to the effects of oil and other contaminants altering the belt. Later belt-designs used permanently-connected metal links to retain the cartridges during feeding. These belts were more tolerant to exposure to solvents and oil. Notable weapons that use belts include the M240, the M249, the M134 Minigun, and the PK Machine Gun.
3330:
against the inside of the gun-barrel chamber. This prevents the leakage of hot gas which could injure the shooter. The brass cartridge also opened the way for modern repeating arms, by uniting the bullet, gunpowder, and primer into one assembly that could be fed reliably into the breech by mechanical action in the firearm.
3101:" to generate the necessary sparks. (The spring-loaded arm that holds a piece of flint or pyrite is referred to as a cock because of its resemblance to a rooster.) The cock had to be manually reset after each firing, and the flint had to be replaced periodically due to wear from striking the frizzen. (See also
1224:'s barrel has a length of 480 mm (18.9 in), the G36K carbine variant's barrel is 318 mm (12.5 in), and the G36C compact variant's barrel is 228 mm (9.0 in). Some carbines are also redesigned compared to their rifle counterparts, such as the aforementioned G36/G36K and G36C, or the
3630:
the actual gunshot itself. According to the
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, noise above 85 dB can begin to cause hearing loss. While many sounds cause damage over time, at the intensity level of a gunshot (140 dB or louder), damage to the ear can occur instantly.
848:
both hands, while braced against either the hip or the shoulder for better stability. The receiver and trigger group is mounted into a stock made of wood, plastic, metal, or composite material, which has sections that form a foregrip, rear grip, and optionally (but typically) a shoulder mount called the
2752:
A) The matchlock gun with button for trigger, which came to Lisbon from
Bohemia, used by the Portuguese until the conquest of Goa in 1510. B) The Indo-Portuguese matchlock gun resulted from the combination of Portuguese and Goan gunmaking. C) The Japanese matchlock gun appeared as a copy of the first
2469:
is a fire mode of some semi-automatic and automatic firearms that fires a predetermined amount of rounds—usually two or three—in the same manner as automatic fire. Depending on the firearm, a single trigger actuation may fire the full burst of rounds, or it must be depressed for the entire discharge,
2419:
is a firearm action that uses the same automated action cycling as semi-automatic, but continues to do so for as long as the trigger is actuated, until the trigger is let go of or the firearm is depleted of available ammunition. The excess energy released from a discharged cartridge is used to load a
1808:
as "... any firearm which shoots ... automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger". "Machine gun" is therefore largely synonymous with "automatic weapon" in
American civilian parlance, covering all automatic firearms. In most jurisdictions, automatic
3769:
The
Firearms Act 1968 Section 57(1B), uses the definition of a firearm as a "lethal barrelled weapon" as a "barrelled weapon of any description from which a shot, bullet or other missile, with kinetic energy of more than one joule as measured at the muzzle of the weapon, can be discharged". As such,
3443:"repeating firearm" or simply a "repeater". A lever-action rifle, a pump-action shotgun, and most bolt-action rifles are good examples of repeating firearms. A firearm that automatically re-cocks and reloads the next round with each trigger-pull is considered a semi-automatic or autoloading firearm.
3361:
that holds multiple cartridges. A magazine is a part of the firearm which exists to store ammunition and to assist in its feeding by the action into the breech (such as through the rotation of a revolver's cylinder or by spring-loaded platforms in most pistol and rifle designs). Some magazines, such
2832:
from the 10th century was the direct predecessor to the modern concept of the firearm. It was not a gun itself, but an addition to soldiers' spears. Originally it consisted of paper or bamboo barrels that would contain incendiary gunpowder that could be lit one time and which would project flames at
1765:
is a magazine-fed rifle that is capable of automatic fire. They include most assault rifles and battle rifles, but originated as their own category of rifles capable of automatic fire, as opposed to the bolt-action and semi-automatic rifles commonly issued to infantry at the time of their invention.
847:
is any firearm with a notably long barrel, typically a length of 10 to 30 inches (250 to 760 mm) (there are restrictions on minimum barrel length in many jurisdictions; maximum barrel length is usually a matter of practicality). Unlike a handgun, long guns are designed to be held and fired with
4993:
Known to the Arabs as midfa, was the ancestor of all subsequent forms of cannon. Materials evolved from bamboo to wood to iron quickly enough for the
Egyptian Mamelukes to employ the weapon against the Mongols at the battle of Ain Jalut in 1260, which ended the Mongol advance into the Mediterranean
3782:
firearm means a barrelled weapon from which any shot, bullet, or other projectile can be discharged and that is capable of causing serious bodily injury or death to a person, and includes any frame or receiver of such a barrelled weapon and anything that can be adapted for use as a firearm; (arme à
3533:
In 2017, there were 39,773 gun-related deaths in the United States; over 60% were suicides from firearms. In 2001, firearms were involved in cases constituting the second leading cause of "mechanism of injury deaths" (which are deaths which occur as a direct, identifiable, and immediate consequence
3504:
Firearm hazard is quite notable, with a significant impact on the health system. In 2001, for quantification purposes, it was estimated that the cost of fatalities and injuries was US$ 4700 million per year in Canada (US$ 170 per
Canadian) and US$ 100,000 million per year in the U.S. (US$
3251:
A belt or ammunition belt, a device used to retain and feed cartridges into a firearm, is commonly used with machine guns. Belts were originally composed of canvas or cloth with pockets spaced evenly to allow the belt to be mechanically fed into the gun. These designs were prone to malfunctions due
3180:
the projectile into the breech. As effective methods of sealing the breech developed along with sturdy, weatherproof, self-contained metallic cartridges, muzzle-loaders were replaced by single-shot breech loaders. Eventually, single-shot weapons were replaced by the following repeater-type weapons.
3179:
Most early firearms were muzzle-loading. This form of loading has several disadvantages, such as a slow rate of fire and having to expose oneself to enemy fire to reload—as the weapon had to be pointed upright so the powder could be poured through the muzzle into the breech, followed by the ramming
3142:
considerably safer, far more weatherproof, and vastly more reliable (cloth-bound cartridges containing a pre-measured charge of gunpowder and a ball had been in regular military service for many years, but the exposed gunpowder in the entry to the touch hole had long been a source of misfires). All
3057:
action, a successor to the matchlock, predated the flintlock. Despite its many faults, the wheellock was a significant improvement over the matchlock in terms of both convenience and safety, since it eliminated the need to keep a smoldering match in proximity to loose gunpowder. It operated using a
2398:
is a firearm action that, after a single discharge, automatically performs the feeding and ignition procedures necessary to prepare the firearm for a subsequent discharge. Semi-automatic firearms only discharge once with each trigger actuation, and the trigger must be actuated again to fire another
2169:
who cannot effectively be defeated by low-powered submachine guns and handguns, often the only firearms suitable for those personnel (while they could be issued rifles or carbines, those would become unnecessary burdens in their normal duties, during which the likelihood of hostility is fairly rare
3684:
The term "firearm" shall not include an antique firearm or any device (other than a machinegun or destructive device) which, although designed as a weapon, the
Secretary finds by reason of the date of its manufacture, value, design, and other characteristics is primarily a collector's item and is
3645:
Firearms include a variety of ranged weapons and there is no agreed-upon definition. For instance, English language laws of big legal entities such as the United States, India, the European Union and Canada use different definitions. Other English language definitions are provided by international
3629:
The intensity of a gunshot does vary; lower caliber guns are typically on the softer side while higher caliber guns are often louder. The intensity of a gunshot though typically ranges from 140 dB to 175 dB. Indoor shooting also causes loud reverberations which can also be as damaging as
3030:
were the first and simplest firearms-firing mechanisms developed. In the matchlock mechanism, the powder in the gun barrel was ignited by a piece of burning cord called a "match". The match was wedged into one end of an S-shaped piece of steel. When the trigger (often actually a lever) was pulled,
1502:
Battle rifles serve similar purposes as assault rifles, as they both are usually employed by ground infantry for essentially the same purposes. However, some prefer battle rifles for their more powerful cartridge, despite the added recoil. Some designated marksman rifles are configured from battle
1219:
is a long gun, usually a rifle, that has had its barrel shortened from its original length or is of a certain size smaller than standard rifles, but is still large enough to be considered a long gun. How considerable the difference is between a rifle and a carbine varies; for example, the standard
3604:
PTSD or Post-traumatic stress disorder is extremely prevalent in the aftermath of different firearm-related events, such as mass shootings, injuries, and police-involved incidents. In particular, military Veterans are especially at high risk for the development of PTSD. In 2004, Hoge et al. found
3329:
containing a percussion cap, powder, and a bullet in one weatherproof package. The main technical advantage of the brass cartridge case was the effective and reliable sealing of high-pressure gasses at the breech, as the gas pressure forces the cartridge case to expand outward, pressing it firmly
3141:
Once struck, the flame from the cap, in turn, ignited the main charge of gunpowder, as with the flintlock, but there was no longer any need to charge the touch hole with gunpowder, and even better, the touch hole was no longer exposed to the elements. As a result, the percussion-cap mechanism was
6811:
3756:
amended by EU directive 2017/853 set minimum standards regarding civilian firearms acquisition and possession that EU member states must implement into their national legal systems. In this context, since 2017, firearms are considered as "any portable barrelled weapon that expels, is designed to
3342:(called "primers") continue to this day to be the standard in firearms. In cartridge-firing firearms, a hammer (or a firing pin struck by the hammer) strikes the cartridge primer, which then ignites the gunpowder within. The primer charge is at the base of the cartridge, either within the rim (a
3341:
for the charge and ball. This early form of cartridge had to be rammed into the muzzleloader's barrel, and either a small charge of gunpowder in the touch hole or an external percussion cap mounted on the touch hole ignited the gunpowder in the cartridge. Cartridges with built-in percussion caps
2788:
Developments in firearms accelerated during the 19th and 20th centuries. Breech-loading became more or less a universal standard for the reloading of most hand-held firearms and continues to be so with some notable exceptions (such as mortars). Instead of loading individual rounds into weapons,
2153:
is, in simplest terms, a submachine gun that is designed to fire ammunition with ballistic performance that is similar to (but not actually a type of) rifle cartridges, often called "sub-intermediate" cartridges. In this way, it combines the high automatic rate of fire, reliable low recoil, and
3203:
repeating rifles. Both used fixed tubular magazines, the former having the magazine in the buttstock and the latter under the barrel, which allowed a larger capacity. Later weapons used fixed box magazines that could not be removed from the weapon without disassembling the weapon itself. Fixed
2974:
muskets (smooth-bored long guns) were among the first firearms developed. The firearm was loaded through the muzzle with gunpowder, optionally with some wadding, and then with a bullet (usually a solid lead ball, but musketeers could shoot stones when they ran out of bullets). Greatly improved
2792:
Velocities of bullets increased with the use of a "jacket" of metals such as copper or copper alloys that covered a lead core and allowed the bullet to glide down the barrel more easily than exposed lead. Such bullets are known as "full metal jacket" (FMJ). Such FMJ bullets are less likely to
3442:
Many firearms are "single shot": i.e., each time a cartridge is fired, the operator must manually re-cock the firearm and load another cartridge. The classic single-barreled shotgun offers a good example. A firearm that can load multiple cartridges as the firearm is re-cocked is considered a
2674:
records that battles were fought at that time. The firearm had a 17.5 cm (6.9 in) barrel of a 2.5 cm (1 in) diameter, a 6.6 cm (2.6 in) chamber for the gunpowder and a socket for the firearm's handle. It is 34 centimetres (13 in) long and 3.54 kilograms
4799:, p. 32: "The earliest true firearms may well date from as early as the first half of the 1100s. The evidence comes from sculptures in a Buddhist cave temple in Sichuan. The earliest inscription in the cave dates from 1128, but even the later inscriptions all date from the 1100s ."
1236:, are not a variant of any existing design and are their own firearm model. Carbines are regardless very similar to rifles and often have the same actions (single-shot, lever-action, bolt-action, semi-automatic, automatic, etc.). This similarity has given carbines the alternate name of
2800:
That said, the basic principle behind firearm operation remains unchanged to this day. A musket of several centuries ago is still similar in principle to a modern-day rifle—using the expansion of gases to propel projectiles over long distances—albeit less accurately and rapidly.
2060:
and are cheap to mass-produce. They were very common in military service through much of the 20th century, but have since been superseded in most combat roles by rifles, carbines, and personal defense weapons due to their low effective range and poor penetration against most
3613:
Many bullets used with firearms are made of lead. If lead reaches the bloodstream, which can occur when handling ammunition, it can lead to kidney damage and issues with brain development. Extremely high levels can lead to seizures, unconsciousness, and even death.
1263:
of carbines compared to submachine guns. They are also popular with (and were originally mostly intended for) military personnel in roles that are expected to engage in combat, but where a full-size rifle would be an impediment to the primary duties of that soldier
3096:
action represented a major innovation in firearm design. The spark used to ignite the gunpowder in the touch hole came from a sharpened piece of flint clamped in the jaws of a "cock" which, when released by the trigger, struck a piece of steel called the
2793:
fragment on impact and are more likely to traverse through a target while imparting less energy. Hence, FMJ bullets impart less tissue damage than non-jacketed bullets that expand. This led to their adoption for military use by countries adhering to the
3194:
Many firearms made from the late-19th century through the 1950s used internal magazines to load the cartridge into the chamber of the weapon. The most notable and revolutionary weapons of this period appeared during the U.S. Civil War of 1861–1865: the
3826:(i) a device commonly known as a line thrower designed for establishing lines between structures or natural features and powered by compressed air to other compressed gases and used for rescue purposes, rescue training or rescue demonstration; or
2538:
undergo training on the safe practice of using the M16 rifle as a blunt weapon, mainly so that in close-quarter fighting, the weapon cannot be pulled away from them. Other training includes the recruit learning how to jab parts of the body with the
3725:
In India, the arms act, 1959, provides a definition of firearms where "firearms" means arms of any description designed or adapted to discharge a projectile or projectiles of any kind by the action of any explosive or other forms of energy, and
3856:(d) device manufactured to discharge a bullet or any other projectile of a calibre of 5.6 mm (.22 calibre) or higher at a muzzle energy of more than 8 joules (6 ft-lbs), by means of compressed gas and not by means of burning propellant; or
3633:
Shooters use custom hearing protection such as electronic type hearing protection for hunters which can amplify soft sounds like leaves crunching while reducing the intensity of the gunshot and custom hearing protection for skeet shooting.
3236:
Many modern firearms use what are called detachable or box magazines as their method of chambering a cartridge. Detachable magazines can be removed from the weapon without disassembling the firearms, usually by pushing a magazine release.
6870:
2243:
firearms that can be fired multiple times per barrel, but can only be fired once with each subsequent pull of the trigger or ignite, and the firearm's action must be reloaded or charged via an internal mechanism between trigger pulls.
345:
are accurate to ranges of more than 2,000 metres (2,200 yd). (Firearm rounds may be dangerous or lethal well beyond their accurate range; the minimum distance for safety is much greater than the specified range for accuracy.)
7031:
909:
that it fires. A descendant of the musket, rifles produce a single point of impact with each firing with a long range and high accuracy. For this reason, as well as for their ubiquity, rifles are very popular among militaries as
6925:
3366:(the term often mistakenly refers to a detachable "magazine") is a device that holds the ammunition by the rim of the case and is designed to assist the shooter in reloading the firearm's magazine. Examples include revolver
6845:
1101:
variants; and both being popular with militaries, police, and civilians for largely the same reasons. However, unlike rifles, shotguns are less favored in combat roles due to their low accuracy and limited effectiveness in
3541:
In the 52 high- and middle-income countries, with a combined population of 1,400 million and not engaged in civil conflict, fatalities due to firearm injuries were estimated at 115,000 people per annum, in the 1990s.
6835:
3529:
From 1990 to 2015, global deaths from assault by firearm rose from 128,000 to 173,000, however this represents a drop in rate from 2.41/100,000 to 2.35/100,000, as world population has increased by more than two billion.
1049:
in each discharge. These shot pellet sizes commonly range between 2 mm #9 birdshot and 8.4 mm #00 (double-aught) buckshot, and produce a cluster of impact points with considerably less range and accuracy, since
3874:
any barreled weapon which will or is designed to or may be readily converted to expel a bullet or projectile by the action of an explosive, except antique firearms manufactured before the 20th Century or their replicas;
6915:
6756:
6623:
5633:
3474:
were in common use by the military during the early part of the 20th century, and automatic rifles that fired handgun rounds, known as submachine guns, also appeared at this time. Many modern military firearms have a
6761:
5782:
6671:
2234:
is essentially any type of firearm action that is loaded, and usually also fired, one cartridge at a time by the user, rather than automatically. Manual action firearms can be divided into two basic categories:
7104:
1936:
combines these categories under a single flexible machine gun platform, often one that is most suitable as a light or medium machine gun but fares well as a heavy machine gun. A closely related concept is the
6895:
6701:
2741:. The precise year of introduction is unknown, but it may be safely concluded to be no earlier than 1460. Before the arrival of the Portuguese in Southeast Asia, the natives already possessed firearms, the
7109:
7094:
6726:
3454:(or "fully automatic") firearm automatically re-cocks, reloads, and fires as long as the trigger is depressed. An automatic firearm is capable of firing multiple rounds with one pull of the trigger. The
6721:
6633:
6608:
5659:"Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015"
3062:) which was wound up with a key before use and which, when the trigger was pulled, spun against a flint, creating the shower of sparks that ignited the powder in the touch hole. Supposedly invented by
7089:
7066:
6666:
3811:(c) an industrial tool powered by cartridges containing gunpowder or compressed air or other gases which is designed and intended for use for fixing fasteners or plugs or for similar purposes; or
1901:
that require a dedicated crew of soldiers to operate, usually between two and six soldiers depending on the machine gun's operation and the crew members' roles (ammunition bearers, spotters, etc.).
1606:) can be considered a sniper rifle, most sniper rifles are purpose-built for their applications, or are variants of existing rifles that have been modified to function as sniper rifles, such as the
7021:
6803:
6731:
6681:
3884:
1395:, assault rifles have since become extremely popular among militaries and other armed groups due to their universal versatility, and they have made up the vast majority of standard-issue military
616:
hands. U.S. civilians alone account for 393 million (about 46 percent) of the worldwide total of civilian-held firearms. This amounts to "120.5 firearms for every 100 residents". The world's
6676:
2154:
lightweight compact maneuverability of submachine guns with the versatility, penetration, and effective range of rifles, effectively making them an "in-between" of submachine guns and carbines.
7006:
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2495:, which varies depending on the weapon's design. The presence of selective-fire modes on firearms allows more efficient use of ammunition for specific tactical needs, either precision-aimed or
1086:(cartridges designed specifically for shotguns) that are loaded into the shotgun for use; these shells are commonly loose and manually loaded one-by-one, though some shotguns accept magazines.
7056:
6807:
6716:
6711:
6706:
5708:"Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013"
4512:
7099:
2161:
and "second-line" personnel not otherwise armed with high-caliber firearms (vehicle and weapon crews, engineers, logistical personnel, etc.) with a method of effective self-defense against
7051:
6613:
1789:
Though automatic rifles are sometimes considered to be their own category, they are also occasionally considered to be other types of firearms that postdated their invention, usually as
1645:, semi-automatic high-precision rifles, usually chambered in intermediate or full-power cartridges, that fill the range gap between sniper rifles and regular rifles and are designed for
4117:
3479:
option, which is a mechanical switch that allows the firearm to be fired either in the semi-automatic or fully automatic mode. In the current M16A2 and M16A4 variants of the U.S.-made
2470:
with a single pull of the trigger firing a single round or an incomplete burst. Most firearms with burst capabilities have it as a fire mode secondary to semi-automatic and automatic.
4483:
4149:
4097:
2887:
8245:
3847:(a) device manufactured or designed to propel a bullet or projectile through a barrel or cylinder by means of burning propellant, at a muzzle energy exceeding 8 joules (6 ft-lbs);
2847:
2373:
or striker, then moving the handguard forward to load a new cartridge into the chamber. It is most common on shotguns, though pump action rifles and grenade launchers also exist.
4381:
1128:
are break-action shotguns with two parallel barrels (horizontal side-by-side or vertical over-under), allowing two single shots that can be loaded and fired in quick succession.
6855:
6250:"DIRECTIVE 2008/51/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 21 May 2008 amending Council Directive 91/477/EEC on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons"
3853:(c) device which is not at the time capable of discharging any bullet or projectile, but which can be readily altered to be a firearm within the meaning of paragraph (a) or (b);
5382:
Saidel, Benjamin. "Matchlocks, Flintlocks, and Saltpetre: The Chronological Implications for the Use of Matchlock Muskets among Ottoman-Period Bedouin in the Southern Levant."
3859:(e) barrel, frame or receiver of a device referred to in paragraphs (a), (b), (c) or (d), but does not include a muzzle loading firearm or any device contemplated in section 5;
1809:
rifles, as well as automatic firearms in general, are prohibited from civilian purchase or are at least heavily restricted; in the U.S. for instance, most automatic rifles are
2682:
had firearms in the late-13th century. Europeans obtained firearms in the 14th century. The Koreans adopted firearms from the Chinese in the 14th century. The Iranians (first
5979:
5087:
3483:, continuous fully-automatic fire is not possible, having been replaced by an automatic burst of three cartridges (this conserves ammunition and increases controllability).
3224:. Firearms that have internal magazines are usually, but not always, rifles. Some exceptions to this include the Mauser C96 pistol, which uses an internal magazine, and the
5786:
4345:
7001:
3534:
of an event, such as a shooting or poisoning, and do not include deaths due to "natural causes" or "indirect causes" such as chronic alcohol abuse or tobacco use) after
3471:
3325:
Cartridges represented a major innovation: firearms ammunition, previously delivered as separate bullets and powder, was combined in a single metallic (usually brass)
1089:
Shotguns share many qualities with rifles, such as both being descendants of early long guns such as the musket; both having bolt-action, lever-action, break-action,
5572:
2065:
developed since the late 20th century. However, they remain popular among special forces and police for their effectiveness in close-quarters and low likelihood to
5413:
3596:
A 2017 study found that attacks account for more than half (50.2%) of all nonfatal gun injuries, while unintentional injuries make up more than one-third (36.7%).
3823:(h) a device commonly known as a kiln gun or ringblaster, designed specifically for knocking out or down solid material in kilns, furnaces or cement silos; or
1467:
is commonly defined as a semi-automatic or selective-fire rifle that is larger or longer than an assault rifle and is chambered in a "full-power" cartridge (e.g.
6945:
3667:(2) a weapon made from a shotgun if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches or a barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches in length;
2733:), was recorded as being used by Java in 1413, the knowledge of making "true" firearms came much later, after the middle of 15th century. It was brought by the
5309:
3673:(4) a weapon made from a rifle if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches or a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length;
6830:
6793:
4946:
4860:
3486:
Automatic weapons are largely restricted to military and paramilitary organizations, though many automatic designs are infamous for their use by civilians.
8238:
6930:
6900:
6850:
6797:
1508:
6231:
6073:
5241:
10387:
6965:
6950:
6940:
6910:
6865:
4419:
3878:
any other weapon or destructive device such as any explosive, incendiary or gas bomb, grenade, rocket, rocket launcher, missile, missile system, or mine.
3703:
3732:(i) artillery, hand-grenades, riot-pistols or weapons of any kind designed or adapted for the discharge of any noxious liquid, gas, or other such thing,
6955:
6880:
6860:
6840:
2867:. Neither the quality nor amount of gunpowder, nor the consistency in projectile dimensions was controlled, with resulting inaccuracy in firing due to
2557:
produced by firearms. For example, "pistol-whipping" typically leaves semicircular or triangular lacerations of skin produced by the butt of a pistol.
282:, etc.), together with the usual means of deportment (i.e. hand-held or mechanical mounting). Further classification may make reference to the type of
6208:
3770:
low-energy air rifles and pistols also fall under UK firearm legislation, although the licensing requirements of low-energy weapons are more relaxed.
6960:
6935:
6890:
6875:
3045:
423:) to achieve optimal operational capacity. Heavy firearms are those that are too large and heavy to be transported on foot, or too unstable against
6253:
6172:
3362:
as that of most centerfire hunting rifles and all revolvers, are internal to and inseparable from the firearm, and are loaded by using a "clip". A
1885:
to support infantry advances or defend positions from enemy assaults. Owing to their versatility and firepower, they are also commonly installed on
10910:
7469:
6920:
4504:
864:
depending on caliber and firing mechanism. Since the 19th and 20th centuries, various types of long guns have been created for different purposes.
7695:
4454:
1916:, belt-fed machine guns of a full-power caliber and a certain weight that can be operated by an individual but tend to work best with a crew; and
10699:
10457:
8231:
6628:
6302:"Inter-American Convention Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and Other Related Materials"
5768:
2769:
gunfounders, compared as being in the same level with those of Germany, quickly adapted these new firearms, and thus a new type of arquebus, the
6305:
5821:
3146:
manufactured since the second half of the 19th-century use percussion caps except those built as replicas of the flintlock or earlier firearms.
7114:
7011:
6905:
2491:
is the capability of a firearm to have its fire mode adjusted between semi-automatic, burst, or automatic. The modes are chosen by means of a
5273:
707:, which have a single fixed firing chamber machined into the rear of the barrel, and are often loaded using magazines of varying capacities;
4541:
169:
charge and is designed to be readily carried and operated by an individual. The term is legally defined further in different countries (see
4475:
2560:
In armed robberies, beating the victims with firearms is a more common way to complete the robbery, rather than shooting or stabbing them.
620:
control about 133 million (about 13 percent) of the global total of small arms, of which over 43 percent belong to two countries: the
6333:
337:
are accurate to 500 metres (550 yd; 1,600 ft) using iron sights, or to longer ranges whilst using optical sights. Purpose-built
6134:
4921:
4775:
4275:
2239:
firearms that can only be fired once per barrel before it must be reloaded or charged via an external mechanism or series of steps; and
1284:. Carbines are also common among civilian firearm owners who have size, space, and power concerns similar to military and police users.
246:(i.e. bore diameter). For pistols and rifles this is given in millimeters or inches (e.g. 7.62mm or .308 in.); in the case of shotguns,
10603:
6736:
6357:
6279:
5436:
4388:
3535:
2632:
177:
5800:
5640:
5227:"The 1899 Hague Declaration concerning Expanding Bullets A treaty effective for more than 100 years faces complex contemporary issues"
7046:
7016:
6618:
4668:
2773:, appeared. The Japanese did not acquire firearms until the 16th century, and then from the Portuguese rather than from the Chinese.
4639:
3314:
substance contained in the cartridge is the percussion cap. In English-speaking countries, the 6mm Flobert cartridge corresponds to
7435:
6643:
5986:
2325:; when the bolt is returned to the forward position, a new cartridge, if loaded, is pushed out of the magazine and into the barrel
5056:
3585:
To prevent unintentional injury, gun safety training includes education on proper firearm storage and firearm-handling etiquette.
10847:
9913:
6766:
5455:
4353:
4144:
4087:
3971:
3637:
Even with hearing protection, due to the high intensity of the noise guns produce shooters still develop hearing loss over time.
3582:
In those 52 countries, a firearm is the first method used for homicide (two-thirds) but only the second method for suicide (20%.
4851:(2003). "Gunpowder Composition for Rockets and Cannon in Arabic Military Treatises in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries".
4209:
2340:, which does not require the bolt to be rotated, simplifying the bolt action mechanism and allowing for a greater rate of fire.
1865:
is a fully-automatic firearm, chambered in intermediate or full-power rifle cartridges, designed to provide sustained automatic
10904:
7842:
7779:
6885:
1164:
612:
reported that there were over one billion firearms distributed globally, of which 857 million (about 85 percent) were in
7847:
6970:
6696:
6471:
6445:
6426:
6407:
6387:
6097:
5513:
5481:
5407:
4769:
4691:
4318:
4269:
4129:
4077:
3458:
may have been the first automatic weapon, though the modern trigger-actuated machine gun was not widely introduced until the
1557:
1240:(SBR), though this more accurately describes a full-size rifle with a shortened carbine-style barrel for close-quarters use.
510:
4981:
3306:" for this cartridge, as these rifles and pistols were designed to be shot in indoor shooting-parlors in large homes. These
10862:
10737:
6603:
1115:
929:
Many types of rifles exist owing to their wide adoption and versatility, ranging from mere barrel length differences as in
466:
and are compact enough to be operated to full capacity by a single infantryman (individual-served) are also referred to as
8049:
5331:
3302:
in 1845. His cartridge consisted of a percussion cap with a bullet attached to the top. Flobert then made what he called "
2219:
Types aside, firearms are also categorized by their "action", which describes their loading, firing, and unloading cycle.
554:
7071:
7061:
5542:
5397:
204:
in 1132. In the 13th century, fire lance barrels were replaced with metal tubes and transformed into the metal-barreled
8580:
7026:
5954:
4934:
The first hand cannon appeared during the 1260 Battle of Ain Jalut between the Egyptians and Mongols in the Middle East
4134:
3929:
2794:
3735:(ii) accessories for any such firearm designed or adapted to diminish the noise or flash caused by the firing thereof,
3070:, the wheellock action was an innovation that was not widely adopted due to the high cost of the clockwork mechanism.
109:
10915:
10694:
10689:
6521:
5200:
5160:
4975:
4915:
4664:
4610:
4590:
4570:
3438:
capable of being fired automatically. It is in service by the U.S. military and has a wide ability for customization.
1729:
128:
5305:
4476:"U.S.C. Title 18 - Crimes and Criminal Procedure | Part I - Crimes | Chapter 44 - Firearms | Sec. 921 - Definitions"
81:
10642:
10620:
10227:
8734:
7041:
7036:
6547:
5874:
5845:
5604:
4180:
747:
7690:
4744:
Then I grabbed the AK (assault rifle), which was at his feet, and started muzzle thumping him in the head with it.
4659:"Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques," Vincent J. M. DiMaio, 1999,
3839:
In South Africa, Firearms Control Act defines firearms since June 2001, with a 2006 amendment of the definition:
878:
711:, which have a number of firing chambers or "charge holes" in a revolving cylinder, each one loaded with a single
9160:
6661:
6598:
5872:
Miniño, AM; Anderson, RN; Fingerhut, LA; Boudreault, MA; Warner, M (January 31, 2006). "Deaths: injuries, 2002".
4033:
10835:
10776:
10654:
10625:
10577:
10407:
10362:
10249:
10037:
8862:
8207:
7266:
6228:
5226:
5125:
Andaya, L. Y. 1999. Interaction with the outside world and adaptation in Southeast Asian society 1500–1800. In
4042:
4028:
3390:. In this sense, "magazines" and "clips", though often used synonymously, refer to different types of devices.
1829:
1775:
359:
88:
66:
4960:
Books, Amber; Dickie, Iain; Jestice, Phyllis; Jorgensen, Christer; Rice, Rob S.; Dougherty, Martin J. (2009).
4408:
1793:. Automatic rifles are sometimes confused with machine guns or vice versa, or are defined as such by law; the
722:
There are various types of the aforementioned handguns designed for different mechanisms or purposes, such as
10664:
9820:
7459:
6653:
1798:
10005:
1701:
10900:
10884:
10749:
10704:
7428:
7271:
6822:
6200:
4735:
4139:
3322:
ammunition. These cartridges have a relatively low muzzle-velocity of around 700 ft/s (210 m/s).
2429:
1877:, though many machine guns are also fed by box, drum, pan, or hopper magazines. They generally have a high
363:
5902:
743:
684:, a firearm that can be used with a single hand. They are the smallest of all firearms, and are common as
10964:
10954:
10920:
10879:
10818:
10630:
9444:
9298:
9290:
9053:
6570:
6164:
5843:
Anderson, RN; Miniño, AM; Fingerhut, LA; Warner, M; Heinen, MA (June 2, 2004). "Deaths: injuries, 2001".
4003:
1933:
1725:
1504:
1280:, etc.), though since the turn of the millennium these have been superseded to a degree in some roles by
95:
6010:
4681:
2305:
is a repeating (and rarely single-shot) action that is operated by directly manipulating the bolt via a
856:
up to the mid-19th century, were generally smoothbore firearms that fired one or more ball shot, called
10874:
10417:
10000:
8622:
8597:
7677:
7384:
7276:
6996:
6991:
6784:
5057:"L'Artillerie legere nousantarienne: A propos de six canons conserves dans des collections portugaises"
4446:
3939:
3623:
3113:.) The flintlock was widely used during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries in both muskets and rifles.
2452:(uses high-pressure gas from a fired cartridge to dispose of the spent case and load a new cartridge).
1665:
798:
17:
10062:
6249:
6035:
4505:"Firearms - Guides - Importation & Verification of Firearms - Gun Control Act Definition - Pistol"
1181:
10759:
10382:
9918:
9006:
7794:
6493:
6301:
5813:
2762:
1721:
1642:
1630:
4892:"War and Medicine: A Brief History of the Military's Contribution to Wound Care Through World War I"
3566:
3513:
1243:
The small size of a carbine provides lower weight and better maneuverability, making them ideal for
77:
10525:
10319:
10042:
9662:
9464:
8547:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8412:
8407:
8402:
8397:
8392:
8379:
7542:
7311:
7134:
6565:
6560:
4067:
3959:
3525:
countries, 2010, ordered by total death rates (homicide plus suicide plus other gun-related deaths)
1897:. Many machine guns are individual-served and can be operated by a single soldier, though some are
1669:
590:
62:
31:
5265:
3803:(b) whether or not operable or complete or temporarily or permanently inoperable or incomplete
1941:, a portable light machine gun or even a modified rifle that is designed and fielded to provide a
1598:
farther than that of a standard rifle. Though any rifle in a sniper configuration (usually with a
10515:
10314:
9955:
9896:
9260:
9245:
9119:
8874:
8730:
8461:
8212:
8029:
7421:
6585:
6555:
5497:
5373:
Weir, William. 50 Weapons That Changed Warfare. Franklin Lakes, NJ: New Page, 2005. 71–74. Print.
4963:
Fighting Techniques of Naval Warfare: Strategy, Weapons, Commanders, and Ships: 1190 BC – Present
4533:
4112:
3915:
3196:
2722:
2718:
2695:
2512:
2129:
2081:
1685:
1641:, a broad class of rifles generally summed up as short, lightweight, portable sniper rifles; and
1281:
1125:
1118:. Shotguns are still popular with civilians for the suitability of their shot spread in hunting,
1005:
794:
651:
538:
55:
2650:, China. The sculpture dates to the 12th century and represents a figure carrying a vase-shaped
10781:
10744:
10520:
10032:
9795:
9672:
9550:
9513:
9196:
9073:
8933:
8869:
8634:
8573:
7577:
7474:
7224:
6326:
4082:
4047:
3279:
2605:
2382:
1977:
1961:
1938:
1909:
1657:
1492:
1488:
1353:
1277:
1094:
755:
629:
275:
6126:
5761:
5501:
4757:
4259:
3850:(b) device manufactured or designed to discharge rim-fire, centre-fire or pin-fire ammunition;
10452:
10377:
10347:
10072:
9881:
9469:
9449:
9033:
8950:
8857:
8542:
8276:
7877:
7448:
7159:
7154:
7149:
6575:
6514:
5749:
4967:
4891:
4107:
4072:
3954:
3696:
3295:
2875:
and the shot. Hand cannons were replaced around the 15th century by lighter carriage-mounted
2535:
2314:
2178:
2139:
2105:
2093:
2057:
2011:
1794:
1288:
1244:
1221:
1132:
1111:
731:
602:
526:
318:
247:
6275:
5433:
10500:
10482:
10472:
9980:
9719:
9612:
9414:
9347:
8362:
8357:
7522:
7464:
6593:
5637:
4721:
3741:(iv) carriages, platforms, and appliances for mounting, transporting and serving artillery;
3326:
3261:
2611:
2554:
2461:
2285:
2277:
2166:
1689:
1681:
1607:
1252:
1119:
997:
938:
930:
802:
712:
463:
8519:
8481:
5948:"Personal Firearms Programs that Promote Safe Storage and Research on Their Effectiveness"
5153:
Expanding Frontiers in South Asian and World History: Essays in Honour of John F. Richards
5139:
The bewitched gun : the introduction of the firearm in the Far East by the Portuguese
3337:
together with a ball in a small cloth bag (or rolled paper cylinder), which also acted as
2030:
2015:
670:
8:
10610:
10593:
10495:
10437:
10159:
10142:
9960:
9903:
9891:
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9864:
9750:
9714:
9617:
9592:
9555:
9493:
9409:
8918:
8456:
8309:
8291:
8223:
7930:
7882:
7682:
7204:
6098:"Lead poisoning: Spot symptoms and limit exposure-Lead poisoning - Symptoms & causes"
4762:
Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures
4635:
4261:
Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures
3976:
3949:
3923:
3919:
3911:
3358:
3189:
3102:
2748:
2694:) all got them no later than the 15th century, from the Ottoman Turks. The people of the
2662:
made of bronze, has been dated to 1288 because it was discovered at a site in modern-day
2441:
2310:
2212:
1646:
1618:
1373:
1144:
1001:
814:
582:
452:
381:
342:
200:, operable by a single person, which was later used effectively as a shock weapon in the
8558:
6380:
The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History
5549:
of the official website (in French) of a modern indoor-shooting association in Belgium,
5306:"Andrew Knighton, The Development of Early Handguns, warhistoryonline.com, Oct 19, 2018"
5037:
Mayers (1876). "Chinese explorations of the Indian Ocean during the fifteenth century".
5022:
2898:
2643:) was combined with projectiles such as scrap metal, broken porcelain, or darts/arrows.
2045:). They cannot be considered machine guns due to their small caliber, hence the prefix "
1472:
432:
10959:
10825:
10771:
10732:
10432:
10422:
10234:
10222:
9840:
9622:
9429:
9399:
9063:
8785:
8098:
7745:
7662:
7209:
7169:
7139:
6538:
6034:
Montgomerie, John Z.; Lawrence, Amy E.; LaMotte, Adam D.; Taft, Casey T. (2015-03-01).
5732:
5707:
5683:
5658:
5079:
4940:
4872:
4848:
4707:
3990:
3753:
3343:
3299:
2991:
2492:
2326:
2053:, even if they are not actually a handgun (i.e. designed to require two hands to use).
1913:
1898:
1802:
1404:
1399:
since the mid-20th century. Various configurations of assault rifle exist, such as the
1273:
1265:
826:
818:
621:
598:
586:
420:
250:(e.g. 12 ga. and 20 ga.). They are also described by the type of action employed (e.g.
6238:
does not consider an air gun to be a firearm and does not regulate airguns as firearms
5723:
5674:
5506:
Cartridges of the World: A Complete and Illustrated Reference for Over 1500 Cartridges
5452:
3713:
rather than through chemical propellant combustion, then the device is technically an
2903:
10949:
10542:
10537:
10490:
10427:
10412:
10207:
10010:
9975:
9830:
9790:
9738:
9570:
9454:
9210:
9134:
9104:
9068:
9058:
9016:
8850:
8601:
8566:
8537:
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8299:
8087:
7992:
7832:
7784:
7715:
7620:
7602:
7413:
7286:
7261:
7256:
7189:
7164:
6789:
6467:
6441:
6422:
6403:
6383:
6351:
6055:
5883:
5854:
5737:
5688:
5623:
5509:
5477:
5403:
5339:
5196:
5156:
5083:
4971:
4911:
4864:
4765:
4687:
4660:
4606:
4586:
4566:
4265:
4018:
3451:
3399:
3363:
3213:
3135:
3126:
3063:
2776:
2766:
2550:
2425:
2411:
2370:
2240:
2198:
2085:
2026:
1917:
1905:
1890:
1790:
1411:
1369:
1098:
1059:
766:
609:
550:
542:
530:
279:
201:
102:
4205:
3765:
In the UK, a firearm does not have to use a combustible propellant, as explained by
3270:
1855:
1561:
1468:
1457:
1357:
1209:
1051:
10869:
10786:
10724:
10573:
10467:
10367:
10357:
10324:
10259:
9965:
9825:
9709:
9607:
9602:
9424:
9372:
9230:
9220:
9150:
9091:
8962:
8688:
8593:
8529:
8329:
8319:
8281:
8108:
7951:
7946:
7892:
7672:
7652:
7572:
7517:
7402:
7341:
7306:
7296:
7229:
7184:
7179:
7144:
6638:
6507:
6047:
5727:
5719:
5678:
5670:
5613:
5071:
4903:
4899:
4310:
4102:
4062:
3999:
3692:
3383:
3205:
2864:
2651:
2540:
2524:
2496:
2433:
2424:
and discharging said new cartridge by delivering a hammer or striker impact on the
2402:
Types of semi-automatic actions and modes include automatic, burst, and selective.
2369:
rearward (frontward on some models), ejecting any spent cartridges and cocking the
2182:
1929:
1894:
1886:
1882:
1810:
1599:
1312:
1292:
1054:
during flight. Shotguns are also capable of firing single solid projectiles called
969:
902:
883:
693:
685:
632:
control about 23 million (about 2 percent) of the global total of small arms.
558:
428:
397:
355:
326:
217:
5600:"Violent Death Rates: The US Compared with Other High-income OECD Countries, 2010"
5353:
3562:
2978:
One interesting solution to the reloading problem was the "Roman Candle Gun" with
2964:
905:(inner) surface of its barrel, imparting a gyroscopically stabilizing spin to the
719:, broadly defined as any handgun that is not a traditional pistol nor a revolver.
10857:
10852:
10659:
10649:
10532:
10510:
10239:
10025:
9970:
9694:
9503:
9377:
9362:
9342:
9155:
9023:
8940:
8923:
8886:
8823:
8813:
8072:
8024:
7959:
7512:
7326:
7194:
6776:
6235:
5644:
5618:
5599:
5546:
5459:
5440:
4961:
4092:
4037:
3766:
3710:
3375:
2979:
2961:
2663:
2577:
2571:
2544:
2273:
2186:
2158:
2066:
1851:
1825:
1783:
1746:
1741:
1705:
1661:
1626:
1595:
1565:
1535:
1269:
1160:
1156:
1136:
1075:
973:
942:
923:
822:
689:
303:
3593:
Based on US data, it is estimated that three people are injured for one killed.
2886:
In the 1420s, gunpowder was used to propel missiles from hand-held tubes during
2871:, variance in gunpowder composition, and the difference in diameter between the
2203:
10397:
10217:
10067:
9985:
9810:
9765:
9639:
9575:
9565:
9476:
9434:
9404:
9325:
9114:
8984:
8905:
8879:
8830:
8504:
8451:
8347:
8304:
8271:
8194:
8156:
7735:
7667:
7346:
7301:
7291:
7251:
6455:
6419:
Association of Firearm Instructors Glossary of Firearm Terms: 2017–2018 Edition
6036:"The link between posttraumatic stress disorder and firearm violence: A review"
4057:
4052:
3934:
3476:
3346:
cartridge) or in a small percussion cap embedded in the center of the base (a "
3246:
3209:
3168:
3131:
3122:
2995:
2915:
2859:
from the 13th century, was loaded with gunpowder and the projectile (initially
2758:
2499:. Selective fire is most commonly found on assault rifles and submachine guns.
2479:
2322:
2306:
2265:
2050:
2038:
2001:
1969:
1634:
1349:
1260:
1256:
1248:
1107:
1103:
1079:
1063:
774:
735:
518:
499:
6051:
5945:
5924:
3682:(7) any silencer (as defined in section 921 of title 18, United States Code);
2336:, where the bolt must be axially rotated to unlock and lock the receiver; and
2143:
10943:
10598:
10057:
10015:
9687:
9647:
9627:
9587:
9535:
9523:
9508:
9382:
9367:
9240:
9177:
9165:
8999:
8989:
8979:
8974:
8957:
8928:
8840:
8760:
8375:
8314:
8184:
8136:
7872:
7862:
7755:
7710:
7612:
7567:
7547:
7379:
7369:
7316:
7239:
7219:
7081:
6375:
6059:
5535:
5193:
The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: Volume 1, From Early Times to C.1800
4868:
3655:
3495:
3435:
3371:
3283:
3110:
2742:
2699:
2691:
2449:
2269:
1611:
1396:
1324:
1304:
1083:
1046:
911:
810:
751:
739:
514:
373:
10442:
10079:
5947:
5075:
4907:
3664:(1) a shotgun having a barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches in length;
2507:
2247:
Types of manual actions include lever action, bolt action, and pump action.
1755:
1483:
to differentiate older full-powered rifles of these configurations like the
1476:
887:
333:
generally does not exceed 100 metres (110 yd; 330 ft), while most
10804:
10796:
10676:
10615:
10585:
10565:
10372:
10197:
10047:
9805:
9800:
9775:
9770:
9755:
9682:
9597:
9545:
9530:
9498:
9387:
9182:
9129:
9028:
8969:
8945:
8723:
8703:
8693:
8683:
8679:
8141:
8116:
8066:
8007:
7979:
7925:
7740:
7630:
7502:
7374:
7321:
7281:
7234:
5887:
5858:
5741:
5692:
5627:
4023:
3985:
3981:
3446:
The first "rapid firing" firearms were usually similar to the 19th-century
3354:
3287:
3159:
3155:
3143:
2971:
2730:
2667:
2624:
2567:
2516:
2445:
2272:
area (often incorporating it) that is pulled down then back up to move the
2256:
2113:
1989:
1921:
1878:
1717:
1547:
1531:
1443:
1392:
1388:
1377:
1329:
1148:
1055:
1027:
985:
958:
954:
946:
782:
770:
727:
697:
617:
522:
448:
436:
416:
393:
385:
338:
290:) and to the barrel length (e.g. 24 inches), to the firing mechanism (e.g.
259:
255:
251:
141:
5706:
GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators (17 December 2014).
5129:. ed. Nicholas Tarling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 345–401.
2046:
1552:
1365:
1361:
1338:
310:
rifle), or to the commonly accepted name for a particular variation (e.g.
10813:
10808:
10505:
10352:
10292:
10164:
10147:
10020:
9995:
9908:
9845:
9815:
9785:
9760:
9724:
9699:
9667:
9657:
9652:
9540:
9518:
9352:
9320:
9225:
9124:
9045:
8765:
8383:
8341:
8333:
8179:
8171:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7827:
7789:
7582:
7537:
7532:
7507:
7214:
7199:
4008:
3995:
3459:
3455:
3447:
3405:
3367:
3307:
3275:
3200:
3172:
2856:
2842:
2726:
2659:
2620:
2349:
2297:
2236:
2006:
1957:
1946:
1866:
1841:
1817:
1779:
1767:
1709:
1697:
1673:
1638:
1591:
1576:
1495:, but it is sometimes used to describe similar modern rifles such as the
1376:. Assault rifles are also usually smaller than full-sized rifles such as
1259:, considerably so since the late 1990s due to the familiarity and better
1190:
1090:
993:
965:
950:
853:
806:
723:
534:
503:
322:
311:
267:
263:
212:
during the 14th century. Older firearms typically used black powder as a
205:
4876:
4346:"Small Arms Survey reveals: More than one billion firearms in the world"
4174:
3670:(3) a rifle having a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length;
2444:(uses energy from the cartridge case as it is pushed by expanding gas),
661:
10714:
10709:
10681:
10569:
10462:
10402:
10392:
10275:
10202:
10174:
10102:
9940:
9876:
9704:
9560:
9419:
9394:
9357:
9310:
8891:
8835:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8639:
8352:
8263:
8082:
8044:
8035:
7920:
7907:
7897:
7857:
7837:
7720:
7657:
7607:
7557:
7527:
4013:
3907:
3499:
3431:
3347:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3303:
3265:
3016:
2829:
2815:
2683:
2655:
2636:
2588:
2528:
2421:
2318:
2281:
2215:(bottom); these weapons' actions are common for their respective types.
2208:
2162:
2097:
2062:
2042:
1920:, machine guns that are too large and heavy to be carried and are thus
1870:
1629:, anti-materiel rifles that were designed specifically to combat early
1427:
1308:
1300:
1233:
1201:
1186:
1152:
1042:
790:
786:
778:
566:
562:
389:
377:
370:
283:
236:
225:
221:
213:
197:
5705:
3561:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
2675:(7.8 lb) without the handle, which would have been made of wood.
415:. Light firearms are those that can be readily carried by individual
10309:
10304:
10287:
10212:
10169:
9990:
9945:
9780:
9580:
9486:
9481:
9459:
9315:
9235:
9170:
9109:
8808:
8740:
8698:
8509:
8437:
8189:
8161:
8146:
8131:
8126:
8092:
7915:
7887:
7852:
7817:
7807:
7766:
7730:
7597:
7562:
7552:
7497:
7174:
5024:
A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands and Adjacent Countries
3480:
3467:
3387:
3379:
3353:
Nearly all contemporary firearms load cartridges directly into their
3334:
3217:
3106:
3093:
3084:
3079:
3054:
3040:
3027:
3006:
2931:
2876:
2860:
2781:
2770:
2710:
2640:
2366:
2362:
2101:
1985:
1953:
1821:
1653:
1590:
is, per widespread definition, a high-powered precision rifle, often
1523:
1512:
1484:
1448:
1431:
1247:
and storage in compact areas. This makes them popular firearms among
1205:
1140:
981:
977:
716:
546:
483:
299:
295:
291:
189:
185:
166:
146:
5803:, where it states that the figures are for July 1 of the given year.
3011:
2820:
44:
10766:
10754:
10297:
10181:
10137:
10127:
10122:
10098:
9850:
9835:
9439:
9330:
8994:
8845:
8803:
8755:
8708:
8466:
8151:
7984:
7822:
7774:
7750:
7592:
7587:
7492:
7484:
6980:
6247:
4118:
List of weapons of military aircraft of Germany during World War II
3944:
3796:"firearm" means any device, whether or not assembled or in parts —
3225:
3164:
3067:
2911:
2880:
2717:
Even though the knowledge of making gunpowder-based weapons in the
2687:
2616:
1874:
1771:
1677:
1622:
1511:, both essentially heavily modified and modernized variants of the
1480:
1071:
1067:
1031:
861:
838:
750:
revolvers; and small, compact handguns for concealed carry such as
708:
681:
666:
655:
613:
487:
479:
444:
412:
271:
153:, two common firearms with significant influences on firearm design
2705:
1846:
1614:
that was modified to be lighter and come with a telescopic sight.
1022:
914:, police as accurate long-range alternatives to their traditional
10637:
10329:
10244:
10152:
10132:
10110:
9950:
9677:
9337:
9087:
9011:
8795:
8750:
8745:
8713:
8121:
8077:
8054:
8015:
8003:
7867:
7812:
7644:
7625:
7364:
7336:
7331:
5946:
United States Government Accountability Office (September 2017).
5871:
4309:
Weller, Jac; Guilmartin, John; Ezell, Edward (November 7, 2017).
4150:
Federation of Associations for Hunting and Conservation of the EU
4098:
List of secondary and special-issue World War II infantry weapons
3714:
3419:
3410:
3338:
3333:
Before this, a "cartridge" was simply a pre-measured quantity of
3098:
3059:
2956:
2872:
2868:
2647:
2592:
2581:
2117:
2109:
2034:
1693:
1580:
1496:
1400:
1229:
1176:
1017:
934:
919:
915:
898:
646:
641:
574:
570:
495:
471:
440:
307:
287:
243:
232:
228:
209:
30:
This article is about the projectile weapon. For other uses, see
5474:
Flayderman's Guide to Antique American Firearms and Their Values
3820:(f) a device designed for the discharge of signal flares; or
2134:
1082:
shotgun. Shotgun munitions, regardless of type, are packed into
937:, to classifications per the rifle's function and purpose as in
10447:
10339:
10254:
10052:
8818:
8718:
8649:
8471:
8060:
7902:
7802:
7725:
7705:
7700:
7640:
6530:
6488:
4817:
3738:(iii) parts of, and machinery for manufacturing, fire-arms, and
2951:
2679:
2437:
2174:
1973:
1925:
1751:
1527:
1453:
1384:
1334:
906:
857:
704:
594:
578:
475:
459:
424:
330:
181:
6165:"Gunshots and hearing loss -- why hearing protection is vital"
6033:
4176:
Association of Firearm Instructors – Glossary of Firearm Terms
3792:
Australia has a definition of firearms in its 1996 legal act:
2646:
An early depiction of a firearm is a sculpture from a cave in
1806:
Title 26, Subtitle E, Chapter 53, Subchapter B, Part 1, § 5845
1518:
Examples of rifles considered to be battle rifles include the
9270:
9265:
9250:
9205:
8901:
8514:
8491:
8476:
5842:
3463:
3415:
2738:
2734:
2077:
2073:
1965:
1942:
1713:
1684:. Examples of anti-materiel and anti-tank rifles include the
1603:
1519:
1423:
1415:
1225:
1114:
and sometimes limited to underbarrel attachments such as the
1045:
barrel—meaning it lacks rifling—designed to fire a number of
873:
762:
625:
491:
334:
193:
150:
5476:(9 ed.). Iola, Wisconsin: F+W Media, Inc. p. 775.
4722:"Pistol-whip Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com"
1873:
of standard rifles. They are commonly associated with being
1782:'s standard machine gun at the time, was fed by a 250-round
1196:
419:, though they might still require more than one individual (
4959:
4563:
The Fighting Rifle: A Complete Study of the Rifle in Combat
3522:
2939:
2361:
is a repeating action that is operated by moving a sliding
8253:
6499:
3426:
380:
driven by rapidly expanding high-pressure gas produced by
9255:
9215:
8644:
8629:
8588:
6421:. United States: The Association of Firearm Instructors.
4807:
4805:
3221:
2089:
1981:
1813:
that require certain licenses and are greatly regulated.
1571:
1419:
1296:
989:
376:
that inflicts damage on targets by launching one or more
162:
4625:, vol. II, The Goetz Company, Washington, D.C. (1967): 1
3599:
2428:. Automatic firearms are further defined by the type of
1881:
and a large ammunition capacity, and are often used for
10564:
6159:
6157:
6155:
6153:
6151:
4615:
2025:
is a magazine-fed carbine chambered in a small-caliber
7443:
4802:
4441:
4439:
3778:
In Canada, firearms are defined by the Criminal Code:
2855:
The original predecessor of all firearms, the Chinese
2527:, for instance to conserve limited ammunition or when
1403:, in which the firing grip is located in front of the
224:. Most modern firearms (with the notable exception of
4861:
International Committee for the History of Technology
4340:
4338:
4336:
4308:
4200:
4198:
3470:(in service from 1914). Automatic rifles such as the
2448:(use propellant gas pressure to open the breech), or
1708:. Examples of designated marksman rifles include the
6438:
Throwing Fire: Projectile Technology Through History
6276:"Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Criminal Code"
6148:
4290:
4242:
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged
4235:
American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
3658:, under 26 USC § 5845 (a), the term "firearm" means
1509:
United States Marine Corps Designated Marksman Rifle
6248:European Parliament and the Council (21 May 2008).
4829:
4509:
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
4436:
3817:(e) a spear gun designed for underwater use; or
3704:
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
3676:(5) any other weapon, as defined in subsection (e);
2713:, a result of Indo-Portuguese gun-making traditions
2157:Personal defense weapons were developed to provide
1904:Machine guns can be divided into three categories:
1766:They usually have smaller magazine capacities than
69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
5597:
5508:. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. p. 441.
5490:
4999:
4333:
4195:
3869:An inter-American convention defines firearms as:
3049:A wheellock pistol mechanism from the 17th century
2702:at least by the last quarter of the 15th century.
2420:new cartridge into the chamber, then igniting the
2264:is a repeating action that is operated by using a
1633:, but are now largely obsolete due to advances in
703:Handguns can be categorized into two broad types:
4945:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
2639:(a bamboo or metal tube that could shoot ignited
2631:The first firearms were invented in 10th century
2173:Examples of personal defense weapons include the
354:For a more detailed list of common firearms, see
10941:
7721:Meylin M1719 Pennsylvania-Kentucky rifled musket
5657:Wang, Haidong; Naghavi, MohsenA (October 2016).
5598:Grinshteyn, Erin; Hemenway, David (March 2016).
5016:
5014:
4382:Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers
1652:Examples of sniper and scout rifles include the
1621:, high-caliber rifles designed to destroy enemy
964:Examples of rifles of various types include the
10885:Small Arms & Light Weapons (SALW)
7756:Xun Lei Chong spear five barrel revolver musket
6074:"PTSD Can Persist Months After School Shooting"
5783:"World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision"
5384:International Journal of Historical Archaeology
5132:
4889:
3357:. Some additionally or exclusively load from a
3310:cartridges do not contain any powder, the only
3282:cartridge (1871), a later drawn brass .577/450
403:In the military, firearms are categorized into
5496:
4595:
4575:
4555:
2914:is a long gun that appeared in Europe and the
2658:coming out of it. The oldest surviving gun, a
306:), to the design's primary intended use (e.g.
176:The first firearms originated in 10th-century
8574:
8239:
7429:
6515:
6195:
6193:
6191:
6189:
6121:
6119:
6117:
5104:
5011:
4403:
4401:
4257:
4237:(4 ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company. 2000.
2725:(1293), and the predecessor of firearms, the
1854:, a general-purpose machine gun chambered in
949:, to differences in the rifle's action as in
208:. The technology gradually spread throughout
9288:
6205:American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
5775:
5048:
4755:
4526:
4375:
4373:
4371:
3706:, if gas pressurization is achieved through
2721:archipelago had been known after the failed
1189:, a uniquely-designed carbine, chambered in
585:(Russia). Former top producers included the
317:Shooters aim firearms at their targets with
10097:
5656:
4387:(Report). Small Arms Survey. Archived from
3767:Crown Prosecution Service Guidance Firearms
3622:A common hazard of repeated firearm use is
2753:firearm introduced in the Japanese islands.
2123:
8581:
8567:
8246:
8232:
7436:
7422:
6522:
6508:
6186:
6114:
5977:
5567:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5559:
5471:
5144:
4621:Musgave, Daniel D., and Thomas B. Nelson,
4398:
4379:
2553:recognizes evidence for various types of
1414:of Soviet and Russian origin (such as the
242:Modern firearms can be described by their
6222:
6015:The Educational Fund to Stop Gun Violence
5731:
5682:
5617:
5591:
5155:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4890:Broughton, George; Burris, David (2010).
4847:
4736:"US Soldier: How We Stopped Train Gunman"
4368:
4253:
4251:
4228:
4226:
3864:
2519:a target dummy with an unloaded M16 rifle
2142:, a personal defense weapon chambered in
2056:Submachine guns are considered ideal for
1816:Examples of automatic rifles include the
1625:such as vehicles, supplies, or hardware;
129:Learn how and when to remove this message
5903:"Death index: Top 59 ways Americans die"
5785:. UN Population Division. Archived from
5767:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
5110:
5020:
4447:"Firearms Act 1996 - Sect 3 Definitions"
3814:(d) a captive bolt humane killer; or
3512:
3425:
3409:
3269:
3163:
3083:
3044:
3010:
2955:
2897:
2846:
2819:
2775:
2747:
2737:nations of West Asia, most probably the
2704:
2615:
2506:
2502:
2317:, ejecting a cartridge, and cocking the
2202:
2133:
2072:Examples of submachine guns include the
2005:
1845:
1745:
1570:
1551:
1447:
1328:
1195:
1180:
1021:
877:
660:
645:
601:(Austria), and Rock Island Armory under
140:
6454:
6374:
5900:
5699:
5650:
5556:
5190:
5175:
5127:The Cambridge history of southeast Asia
5054:
4823:
4683:Robbery and the Criminal Justice System
4679:
4603:Special Forces Combat Firing Techniques
4583:Special Forces Foreign Weapons Handbook
4296:
4206:"Merriam-Webster Dictionary, "Firearm""
4145:International Shooting Sport Federation
4088:List of infantry weapons of World War I
3972:Air travel with firearms and ammunition
3829:(j) a device of a prescribed class;
3374:used to aid loading rifles such as the
3231:
2804:
2698:archipelago of Southeast Asia used the
1908:, individual-served machine guns of an
1774:had a 20-round box magazine, while the
1410:Examples of assault rifles include the
1041:is a long gun that has a predominantly
411:weapons regarding their portability by
14:
10942:
7843:Gunpowder artillery in the Middle Ages
7780:Artillery of France in the Middle Ages
7613:San Yan Chong three barrel hand cannon
6435:
6356:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
5312:from the original on February 27, 2021
5178:An Illustrated Handbook of Indian Arms
4248:
4223:
4179:. Association of Firearm Instructors.
4173:Cole, Suzanne N. (November 19, 2016).
4168:
4166:
1579:, an anti-materiel rifle chambered in
1232:. However, some carbines, such as the
170:
10563:
10096:
9287:
8667:
8666:
8562:
8227:
7848:Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty
7417:
6503:
6397:
6282:from the original on 22 February 2020
6201:"Recreational Firearm Noise Exposure"
5293:
5287:
5150:
5005:
4835:
4811:
4796:
4544:from the original on 24 November 2012
4130:List of shooting sports organizations
4078:List of World War II infantry weapons
3885:international UN protocol on firearms
3600:PTSD (Post-traumatic stress disorder)
3577:Fatalities in 52 countries, mid-1990s
3393:
3183:
3149:
2851:A Swiss soldier firing a hand cannon.
1952:Examples of machine guns include the
1558:Accuracy International Arctic Warfare
817:. Examples of derringers include the
680:is, as defined generally and in many
513:, the top firearms manufacturers are
6416:
5824:from the original on 1 February 2019
5224:
4172:
3640:
3547:
2985:
1932:), and require a crew to operate. A
1869:as opposed to the semi-automatic or
1116:M26 Modular Accessory Shotgun System
793:. Examples of revolvers include the
427:, and thus require the support of a
67:adding citations to reliable sources
38:
7683:Girardoni M1780 repeating air rifle
6460:Science & Civilisation in China
5980:"Gun Safety and Instruction Manual"
5901:Learish, Jessica (March 31, 2021).
4778:from the original on 9 October 2013
4278:from the original on 9 October 2013
4208:. Merriam-webster.com. 2012-08-31.
4163:
3240:
2824:A cavalryman wielding a fire lance.
1735:
1610:, which was essentially a standard
1165:Knight's Armament Company Masterkey
901:(spiral grooves) machined into the
24:
8372:Compact and non-magnifying sights
6400:Firearms: A Global History to 1700
6256:from the original on 4 August 2019
5925:"FastStats - Deaths and Mortality"
5395:
5270:Journal of the American Revolution
4183:from the original on June 13, 2021
4135:World Forum on Shooting Activities
3930:Electrothermal-chemical technology
3685:not likely to be used as a weapon.
3466:(adopted in 1908) and the British
2918:during the 15th Century. The term
2332:Two designs of bolt action exist:
1995:
1754:, an automatic rifle chambered in
1487:, from newer assault rifles using
25:
10976:
6481:
4924:from the original on 3 April 2019
4409:"Firearms Control Act 60 of 2000"
4321:from the original on May 12, 2021
4244:. HarperCollins Publishers. 2003.
3760:
3747:
3695:"NFA firearm", as defined by the
3517:Gun-related homicide and suicide
3489:
3116:
3058:small wheel (much like that on a
2942:ball of about 3.5 ounces (100g).
2938:. These heavy arquebuses fired a
2473:
2376:
2268:(the "lever") located around the
1730:M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper System
1318:
1287:Examples of carbines include the
1131:Examples of shotguns include the
1110:often only used for breaching or
7398:
7397:
6487:
5875:National Vital Statistics System
5846:National Vital Statistics System
5605:The American Journal of Medicine
5399:Firearms: An Illustrated History
4896:Advances in Wound Care: Volume 1
4317:. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc.
3691:This is the ATF definition of a
3649:
3608:
3552:
3228:, an Italian light machine gun.
2960:Muskets and bayonets aboard the
2309:. The bolt is unlocked from the
2014:, a submachine gun chambered in
1541:
1437:
1337:, an assault rifle chambered in
761:Examples of pistols include the
462:of light firearms that only use
43:
6339:from the original on 2020-10-27
6319:
6308:from the original on 2020-12-01
6294:
6268:
6241:
6211:from the original on 2019-09-04
6175:from the original on 2019-10-15
6137:from the original on 2020-04-14
6090:
6066:
6040:Aggression and Violent Behavior
6027:
6003:
5971:
5960:from the original on 2018-04-13
5939:
5917:
5894:
5865:
5836:
5806:
5529:
5465:
5446:
5427:
5416:from the original on 2021-12-19
5389:
5376:
5367:
5346:
5324:
5298:
5276:from the original on 2018-04-09
5258:
5247:from the original on 2021-07-09
5218:
5209:
5184:
5169:
5119:
5093:from the original on 2020-10-17
5031:
4984:from the original on 2019-12-30
4953:
4883:
4841:
4790:
4749:
4728:
4714:
4700:
4673:
4653:
4642:from the original on 2021-01-18
4628:
4515:from the original on 2020-09-20
4497:
4486:from the original on 2020-10-24
4468:
4457:from the original on 2020-06-12
4425:from the original on 2020-06-12
4212:from the original on 2017-06-02
3834:
2922:is derived from the Dutch word
2902:A 17th Century arquebus at the
2836:
2329:, and the breech is re-locked.
2313:, then pulled back to open the
2250:
1912:that are usually magazine-fed;
1835:
239:for improved flight stability.
54:needs additional citations for
8257:accessories mounting standards
8208:Category:Early modern firearms
7716:Kalthoff M1630 repeating rifle
7687:Hartingk M1670 repeating rifle
6466:. Cambridge University Press.
6440:. Cambridge University Press.
6402:. Cambridge University Press.
6382:. Princeton University Press.
5573:"Small Arms and Global Health"
5195:. Cambridge University Press.
4302:
4043:Overview of gun laws by nation
4029:Index of gun politics articles
3902:Firearm science and technology
2879:pieces, and ultimately by the
2809:
2757:The technology of firearms in
2343:
2291:
1830:M1918 Browning automatic rifle
1776:Hotchkiss Mle 1914 machine gun
1560:, a sniper rifle chambered in
1456:, a battle rifle chambered in
1204:, a carbine derivative of the
360:List of most-produced firearms
235:barrels to impart spin to the
13:
1:
10750:Firearms by country
10665:Civilian Marksmanship Program
7673:Cookson M1750 repeating rifle
7653:Belton M1777 repeating musket
5724:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2
5675:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1
5502:"American Rimfire Cartridges"
5055:Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1976).
4156:
3255:
2893:
2763:Portuguese capture of Malacca
2284:mechanism, expelling the old
1799:Firearm Owners Protection Act
918:long guns, and civilians for
8344:(1 inch, 30 mm, 34 mm, etc.)
7799:Byzantine fire tube (cannon)
6127:"Noise-Induced Hearing Loss"
5619:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.10.025
5141:, by Rainer Daehnhardt 1994.
4416:South African Police Service
4140:International Biathlon Union
3787:
3462:(1914–1918) with the German
3073:
3034:
3000:
2405:
2321:and engaging it against the
1479:). The term originated as a
1372:) and fed with a detachable
852:. Early long arms, from the
832:
364:Small Arms and Light Weapons
192:projectiles were mounted on
7:
10921:Federal Assault Weapons Ban
10819:Campaign Against Arms Trade
7940:Medieval large calibre guns
7588:Nock M1779 seven barrel gun
7558:Huo Qiang lance hand cannon
6812:National Revolutionary Army
6529:
5266:"The Inaccuracy of Muskets"
4760:. In Selin, Helaine (ed.).
4636:"Definition of PUMP-ACTION"
4004:Right to keep and bear arms
3895:
3015:Various Japanese (samurai)
2761:further improved after the
2591:end of a firearm without a
1934:general-purpose machine gun
1726:Mk 14 Enhanced Battle Rifle
1594:or semi-automatic, with an
1505:Mk 14 Enhanced Battle Rifle
1426:), as well as the American
1170:
1011:
799:Smith & Wesson Model 10
748:double-action/single-action
635:
10:
10981:
10875:High-capacity magazine ban
10001:Mean time between failures
8668:
8277:Quick-change barrel system
7678:M1696 French common musket
6624:War of the Triple Alliance
6436:Crosby, Alfred W. (2002).
6368:
5354:"> Where Are You From?"
5191:Tarling, Nicholas (1992).
5151:Eaton, Richard M. (2013).
4623:The World's Assault Rifles
4601:R.J. Scroggie, F.A. Moyer
3940:Glossary of firearms terms
3624:noise-induced hearing loss
3493:
3403:
3397:
3300:rimfire metallic cartridge
3290:Mk VII SAA Ball cartridge.
3259:
3244:
3187:
3153:
3120:
3077:
3038:
3004:
2989:
2949:
2945:
2840:
2813:
2609:
2603:
2599:
2580:, striking someone with a
2477:
2459:
2409:
2380:
2365:(the "pump") on the gun's
2347:
2295:
2254:
2211:(top) and the pump action
2196:
2127:
1999:
1839:
1801:define a "machine gun" in
1739:
1702:Gepárd anti-materiel rifle
1666:Accuracy International AWM
1643:designated marksman rifles
1631:armoured fighting vehicles
1545:
1441:
1322:
1174:
1015:
871:
836:
654:, a revolver chambered in
639:
353:
216:, but modern firearms use
29:
10893:
10843:
10834:
10795:
10723:
10675:
10604:Household ownership rates
10584:
10559:
10481:
10338:
10283:
10274:
10190:
10118:
10109:
10092:
9933:
9872:
9863:
9746:
9737:
9638:
9306:
9297:
9283:
9195:
9143:
9100:
9086:
9044:
8914:
8900:
8794:
8675:
8662:
8613:
8609:
8528:
8490:
8436:
8371:
8328:
8290:
8262:
8203:
8170:
8107:
8021:Byzantine rocket launcher
8001:
7939:
7795:Breech-loading swivel gun
7764:
7639:
7608:Puckle Μ1717 revolver gun
7483:
7455:
7393:
7357:
7127:
7080:
6979:
6821:
6775:
6652:
6644:Pre-20th century firearms
6584:
6546:
6537:
6417:Cole, Suzanne N. (2017).
6052:10.1016/j.avb.2015.01.009
6011:"Unintentional Shootings"
5577:World Health Organization
5500:; Bodinson, Holt (2009).
5472:Flayderman, Norm (2007).
5215:Dougherty and Eidt, 2009.
4764:. Springer. p. 389.
4680:Conklin, John E. (1972).
4264:. Springer. p. 389.
3773:
3752:In the European Union, a
3588:
3066:(1452–1519), the Italian
2222:
2192:
1722:Marine Scout Sniper Rifle
1617:Related developments are
1348:is commonly defined as a
1030:, a shotgun chambered in
867:
7631:Tu Huo Qiang hand cannon
7578:Meriam kecil hand cannon
7543:Heilongjiang hand cannon
7503:Bedil tumbak hand cannon
7032:Cambodian–Vietnamese War
7022:South African Border War
6804:Second Sino-Japanese War
4380:Aaron Karp (June 2018).
4068:List of aircraft weapons
3960:Precision-guided firearm
3720:
3617:
3508:
3472:Browning automatic rifle
3274:(From left to right): A
2795:Hague Convention of 1899
2523:Firearms can be used as
2455:
2124:Personal defense weapons
1670:M24 Sniper Weapon System
1282:personal defense weapons
1126:Double-barreled shotguns
1006:Heckler & Koch HK417
669:, a pistol chambered in
630:Law enforcement agencies
624:(30.3 million) and
591:Royal Small Arms Factory
470:. Such firearms include
349:
329:. The accurate range of
32:Firearm (disambiguation)
10905:by U.S. state
10315:Overpressure ammunition
10250:Improved Military Rifle
9956:Circular error probable
8875:Personal defence weapon
8213:Category:Early firearms
8030:Fierce-fire Oil Cabinet
7012:Portuguese Colonial War
6398:Chase, Kenneth (2003).
5551:Les Arquebusier de Visé
5076:10.3406/arasi.1976.1103
5021:Crawfurd, John (1856).
4910:(inactive 2024-09-11).
4908:10.1089/9781934854013.3
4538:Encyclopædia Britannica
4113:List of submachine guns
3916:Transitional ballistics
3536:motor vehicle accidents
2723:Mongol invasion of Java
2513:United States Air Force
2288:and loading a new one.
2151:personal defense weapon
2130:Personal defense weapon
2082:Thompson submachine gun
1686:Mauser Tankgewehr M1918
1658:Heckler & Koch PSG1
1493:Heckler & Koch HK33
1489:intermediate cartridges
1058:, or specialty (often "
897:is a long gun that has
886:, a rifle chambered in
795:Colt Single Action Army
756:Saturday night specials
652:Colt Single Action Army
10599:Civilian gun ownership
10128:Firing (Shooting)
8348:Traditional prism rail
7617:Shou Chong hand cannon
7475:History of the firearm
7380:Civilian gun ownership
5927:. CDC. 13 January 2022
5115:. Guangju Book Office.
5113:South Vietnamese Notes
4352:. 2018. Archived from
4258:Helaine Selin (1997).
4124:Firearms organizations
4083:List of firearm brands
4048:Saturday night special
3893:
3881:
3865:International treaties
3862:
3832:
3785:
3745:
3702:According to the U.S.
3689:
3526:
3439:
3423:
3291:
3280:.577/450 Martini-Henry
3176:
3089:
3050:
3024:
2968:
2907:
2852:
2825:
2785:
2754:
2714:
2635:when the man-portable
2628:
2606:History of the firearm
2531:has run out entirely.
2520:
2440:to cycle the action),
2436:(uses energy from the
2383:Semi-automatic firearm
2216:
2179:Heckler & Koch MP7
2146:
2140:Heckler & Koch MP7
2106:Heckler & Koch UMP
2094:Heckler & Koch MP5
2018:
2012:Heckler & Koch MP5
1978:M249 light machine gun
1962:Bren light machine gun
1939:squad automatic weapon
1910:intermediate cartridge
1858:
1758:
1583:
1568:
1460:
1407:instead of behind it.
1354:intermediate cartridge
1352:rifle chambered in an
1341:
1222:Heckler & Koch G36
1212:
1193:
1034:
890:
673:
658:
494:(and their subtypes),
154:
10073:Handgun effectiveness
10006:Minute of Angle (MOA)
9882:Ballistic coefficient
8858:Semi-automatic pistol
8063:rocket arrow launcher
8057:rocket arrow launcher
8041:Fire crow rocket bomb
7668:Che Dian Chong musket
7553:Huo Chong hand cannon
7057:Nicaraguan Revolution
7007:Araguaia Guerilla War
6576:Early thermal weapons
5434:"History of firearms"
5111:Tiaoyuan, Li (1969).
5027:. Bradbury and Evans.
4756:Ho Peng Yoke (1997).
4108:List of sniper rifles
4073:List of battle rifles
3955:Vertical forward grip
3889:
3871:
3843:'firearm' means any-
3841:
3807:— and which is not —
3794:
3780:
3728:
3697:National Firearms Act
3660:
3516:
3429:
3413:
3404:Further information:
3296:Louis-Nicolas Flobert
3273:
3167:
3087:
3048:
3014:
2990:Further information:
2959:
2901:
2850:
2823:
2779:
2751:
2708:
2690:) and Indians (first
2619:
2536:Israel Defense Forces
2510:
2503:Use as a blunt weapon
2206:
2137:
2058:close-quarters combat
2009:
1924:to something (like a
1849:
1795:National Firearms Act
1749:
1574:
1555:
1451:
1383:Originating with the
1332:
1289:Winchester Model 1892
1253:police tactical units
1245:close-quarters combat
1199:
1184:
1133:Winchester Model 1897
1112:close-quarters combat
1062:") munitions such as
1025:
998:Heckler & Koch G3
939:semi-automatic rifles
931:short-barreled rifles
881:
664:
649:
628:(27.5 million).
589:(United States), the
319:hand-eye coordination
196:to make the portable
144:
27:Gun for an individual
10690:in the United States
10348:Armour piercing
9909:Rangefinding/keeping
9821:Push/Controlled feed
9613:Synchronization gear
9348:Blank-firing adapter
9199: or famous
8050:Hale rocket launcher
7741:Spanish M1752 musket
7621:Tanegashima arquebus
7523:English horse pistol
7465:History of gunpowder
7062:Salvadoran Civil War
6629:Spanish–American War
6604:American Indian Wars
6496:at Wikimedia Commons
5789:on December 22, 2015
5669:(10053): 1459–1544.
5462:(fireadvantages.com)
5443:(fireadvantages.com)
5176:Egerton, W. (1880).
3966:Firearms and society
3386:used in loading the
3278:cartridge (1867), a
3262:Cartridge (firearms)
3232:Detachable magazines
2805:Early firearm models
2654:, with flames and a
2612:History of gunpowder
2570:, striking with the
2555:blunt-force injuries
2534:New recruits of the
2462:Burst mode (weapons)
1893:, either as main or
1690:Boys anti-tank rifle
1682:CheyTac Intervention
1619:anti-materiel rifles
1608:Type 97 sniper rifle
1503:rifles, such as the
1238:short barreled rifle
1122:, and home defense.
1120:clay pigeon shooting
926:, and self-defense.
803:Colt Official Police
343:anti-materiel rifles
63:improve this article
10782:Privately made
10745:Firearm brands
10631:State firearms
10611:Exhibition shooting
10594:Celebratory gunfire
10453:Plastic tipped
10383:High explosive
9904:Physics of firearms
8069:(Chinese petroleum)
7960:Dardanelles bombard
7931:Wuwei Bronze Cannon
7883:Obusier de vaisseau
7115:Russo-Ukrainian War
7052:Dominican Civil War
7027:Cambodian Civil War
6988:First Indochina War
5308:. 19 October 2018.
4849:Al-Hassan, Ahmad Y.
3977:Celebratory gunfire
3950:Physics of firearms
3924:Terminal ballistics
3920:External ballistics
3912:Internal ballistics
3505:300 per American).
3298:invented the first
3190:Magazine (firearms)
3103:flintlock mechanism
3088:Flintlock mechanism
2926:(literally meaning
2670:, China, where the
2213:Remington Model 870
2207:The semi-automatic
1914:medium machine guns
1899:crew-served weapons
1647:designated marksmen
1145:Remington Model 870
1002:Remington Model 700
815:Mateba Autorevolver
464:kinetic projectiles
451:) to be tactically
220:or other explosive
10965:Projectile weapons
10955:Chinese inventions
10880:Right to bear arms
10826:Featureless rifles
10772:Improvised firearm
10733:3D printed firearm
10621:United States
10516:Fully powered
10423:Total metal jacket
10063:Stock measurements
8786:Underwater firearm
8682: versus
8099:Thunder crash bomb
7746:Springfield musket
7663:Charleville musket
7563:Istinggar arquebus
7105:Russo-Georgian War
7047:Lebanese Civil War
7017:Rhodesian Bush War
6634:Mexican Revolution
6619:American Civil War
6609:War of the Pacific
6599:Napoleonic Warfare
6464:The Gunpowder Epic
6234:2015-05-03 at the
5760:has generic name (
5643:2019-02-02 at the
5545:2013-11-10 at the
5536:Shooting section (
5458:2015-12-22 at the
5439:2015-12-22 at the
5386:4 (2000): 191–215.
5332:"Roman Candle Gun"
4968:St. Martin's Press
3991:Firearms ownership
3754:European Directive
3527:
3440:
3424:
3394:Repeating firearms
3292:
3184:Internal magazines
3177:
3150:Loading techniques
3136:caplock mechanisms
3090:
3051:
3025:
2992:Trigger (firearms)
2969:
2908:
2888:the Hussite revolt
2853:
2826:
2786:
2755:
2715:
2629:
2587:Striking with the
2563:Examples include:
2521:
2493:fire mode selector
2430:cycling principles
2217:
2147:
2019:
1918:heavy machine guns
1906:light machine guns
1859:
1803:United States Code
1791:light machine guns
1759:
1584:
1569:
1461:
1412:Kalashnikov rifles
1342:
1274:military engineers
1213:
1194:
1035:
891:
827:COP .357 Derringer
819:Remington Model 95
674:
659:
622:Russian Federation
599:Steyr-Daimler-Puch
593:(United Kingdom),
587:Springfield Armory
557:(Czech Republic),
543:Heckler & Koch
531:Smith & Wesson
511:arms manufacturers
509:Among the world's
155:
10937:
10936:
10933:
10932:
10929:
10928:
10894:United States Gun
10555:
10554:
10551:
10550:
10438:Hollow point
10363:Full metal jacket
10270:
10269:
10228:Tubes and Primers
10088:
10087:
10038:Power factor
9976:Gun harmonisation
9929:
9928:
9859:
9858:
9733:
9732:
9715:Night vision
9279:
9278:
9191:
9190:
9105:Automatic shotgun
9082:
9081:
8669:Types of firearms
8658:
8657:
8556:
8555:
8221:
8220:
8109:Firing mechanisms
8088:Petroleum naphtha
7993:Pumhart von Steyr
7956:Byzantine bombard
7858:Hu Dun Pao cannon
7658:Brown Bess musket
7411:
7410:
7123:
7122:
7067:Soviet–Afghan War
7042:Laotian Civil War
6790:Spanish Civil War
6492:Media related to
6473:978-0-521-30358-3
6447:978-0-521-79158-8
6428:978-0-9982150-3-7
6409:978-0-521-82274-9
6389:978-0-691-13597-7
5579:. July 9–20, 2001
5538:la section de tir
5515:978-0-89689-936-0
5483:978-0-89689-455-6
5409:978-1-4654-3089-2
5396:DK (2014-04-01).
5356:. Credo Reference
5342:on March 2, 2009.
5225:Coupland, Robin.
4814:, pp. 31–32.
4771:978-0-7923-4066-9
4693:978-0-397-47220-8
4394:on June 20, 2018.
4350:Small Arms Survey
4271:978-0-7923-4066-9
4019:Gun serial number
3717:, not a firearm.
3679:(6) a machinegun;
3641:Legal definitions
3574:
3573:
3400:Repeating firearm
3286:cartridge, and a
3214:Springfield M1903
3127:Caplock mechanism
3064:Leonardo da Vinci
3060:cigarette lighter
2986:Firing mechanisms
2623:from the Chinese
2551:Forensic medicine
2412:Automatic firearm
2199:Action (firearms)
2086:M3 submachine gun
2031:9×19mm Parabellum
2027:handgun cartridge
2016:9×19mm Parabellum
1895:ancillary weapons
1891:military aircraft
1887:military vehicles
1370:.300 AAC Blackout
1078:to function as a
1070:to function as a
767:Browning Hi-Power
671:9×19mm Parabellum
610:Small Arms Survey
541:(United States),
184:tubes containing
171:legal definitions
139:
138:
131:
113:
16:(Redirected from
10972:
10841:
10840:
10787:Small arms trade
10725:Firearm industry
10576:, and
10561:
10560:
10433:Hollow base
10281:
10280:
10260:Smokeless powder
10116:
10115:
10094:
10093:
10043:Precision-guided
9870:
9869:
9744:
9743:
9551:Rail system
9425:Flash suppressor
9304:
9303:
9285:
9284:
9231:Winchester rifle
9221:Antique firearms
9151:20-gauge shotgun
9098:
9097:
8912:
8911:
8664:
8663:
8611:
8610:
8583:
8576:
8569:
8560:
8559:
8320:Warsaw Pact rail
8282:Press fit barrel
8248:
8241:
8234:
8225:
8224:
7893:Pierrier a boite
7626:Toradar arquebus
7573:Jiaozhi arquebus
7498:Bajozutsu pistol
7438:
7431:
7424:
7415:
7414:
7401:
7400:
7277:Mass destruction
7185:Blunt instrument
7110:Syrian Civil War
6544:
6543:
6524:
6517:
6510:
6501:
6500:
6491:
6477:
6451:
6432:
6413:
6393:
6362:
6361:
6355:
6347:
6345:
6344:
6338:
6331:
6323:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6313:
6298:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6287:
6272:
6266:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6245:
6239:
6226:
6220:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6197:
6184:
6183:
6181:
6180:
6161:
6146:
6145:
6143:
6142:
6123:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6108:
6094:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6070:
6064:
6063:
6031:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6021:
6007:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5997:
5991:
5985:. Archived from
5984:
5978:Aero Precision.
5975:
5969:
5968:
5966:
5965:
5959:
5952:
5943:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5932:
5921:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5910:
5898:
5892:
5891:
5869:
5863:
5862:
5840:
5834:
5833:
5831:
5829:
5810:
5804:
5798:
5796:
5794:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5765:
5759:
5755:
5753:
5745:
5735:
5718:(9963): 117–71.
5703:
5697:
5696:
5686:
5654:
5648:
5631:
5621:
5595:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5584:
5569:
5554:
5533:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5522:
5498:Barnes, Frank C.
5494:
5488:
5487:
5469:
5463:
5450:
5444:
5431:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5421:
5393:
5387:
5380:
5374:
5371:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5361:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5338:. Archived from
5328:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5317:
5302:
5296:
5291:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5281:
5262:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5246:
5231:
5222:
5216:
5213:
5207:
5206:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5148:
5142:
5136:
5130:
5123:
5117:
5116:
5108:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5098:
5092:
5061:
5052:
5046:
5039:The China Review
5035:
5029:
5028:
5018:
5009:
5003:
4997:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4944:
4936:
4931:
4929:
4902:. pp. 3–7.
4900:Mary Ann Liebert
4887:
4881:
4880:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4800:
4794:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4732:
4726:
4725:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4704:
4698:
4697:
4677:
4671:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4632:
4626:
4619:
4613:
4599:
4593:
4579:
4573:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4530:
4524:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4501:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4472:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4443:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4424:
4413:
4405:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4386:
4377:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4356:on June 19, 2018
4342:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4306:
4300:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4255:
4246:
4245:
4238:
4230:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4217:
4202:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4170:
4103:List of shotguns
4063:List of firearms
4000:Small arms trade
3556:
3555:
3548:
3241:Belt-fed weapons
2980:superposed loads
2497:suppressive fire
2434:recoil operation
2232:manual operation
2183:AAC Honey Badger
1930:military vehicle
1883:suppressive fire
1811:Title II weapons
1736:Automatic rifles
1627:anti-tank rifles
1600:telescopic sight
1473:7.92×57mm Mauser
1313:Kel-Tec SUB-2000
1293:Rifle No. 5 Mk I
1076:breaching rounds
970:Winchester rifle
943:automatic rifles
728:manual repeating
437:wheeled carriage
429:weapons platform
398:smokeless powder
388:) of a chemical
356:List of firearms
218:smokeless powder
134:
127:
123:
120:
114:
112:
71:
47:
39:
21:
10980:
10979:
10975:
10974:
10973:
10971:
10970:
10969:
10940:
10939:
10938:
10925:
10889:
10858:Concealed carry
10853:Assault weapons
10848:Air travel
10830:
10807: and
10791:
10719:
10679:
10671:
10660:Shooting sports
10650:Pistol duelling
10580:
10547:
10511:Rifle cartridge
10477:
10418:Supercavitating
10413:Soft point
10334:
10266:
10240:Ball propellant
10186:
10105:
10084:
10080:Twist rate
9971:Gun chronograph
9961:Effective range
9925:
9855:
9826:Recoil-operated
9729:
9634:
9293:
9275:
9261:Colt Peacemaker
9187:
9161:Dragon's breath
9156:Breaching round
9139:
9120:Double-barreled
9078:
9054:General purpose
9040:
8896:
8790:
8731:Multiple-barrel
8671:
8654:
8605:
8587:
8557:
8552:
8524:
8486:
8432:
8373:
8367:
8324:
8286:
8258:
8252:
8222:
8217:
8199:
8166:
8103:
8073:Mysorean rocket
8025:Congreve rocket
7997:
7935:
7760:
7635:
7513:Combination gun
7479:
7451:
7449:thermal weapons
7442:
7412:
7407:
7389:
7385:Science fiction
7353:
7225:Directed-energy
7119:
7095:Afghanistan War
7076:
6975:
6817:
6777:Interwar period
6771:
6672:Austria-Hungary
6648:
6580:
6533:
6528:
6484:
6474:
6456:Needham, Joseph
6448:
6429:
6410:
6390:
6371:
6366:
6365:
6349:
6348:
6342:
6340:
6336:
6329:
6327:"Archived copy"
6325:
6324:
6320:
6311:
6309:
6300:
6299:
6295:
6285:
6283:
6274:
6273:
6269:
6259:
6257:
6246:
6242:
6236:Wayback Machine
6229:US Federal Govt
6227:
6223:
6214:
6212:
6199:
6198:
6187:
6178:
6176:
6169:Healthy Hearing
6163:
6162:
6149:
6140:
6138:
6125:
6124:
6115:
6106:
6104:
6096:
6095:
6091:
6082:
6080:
6072:
6071:
6067:
6032:
6028:
6019:
6017:
6009:
6008:
6004:
5995:
5993:
5989:
5982:
5976:
5972:
5963:
5961:
5957:
5950:
5944:
5940:
5930:
5928:
5923:
5922:
5918:
5908:
5906:
5899:
5895:
5870:
5866:
5841:
5837:
5827:
5825:
5812:
5811:
5807:
5799:. Linked to at
5792:
5790:
5781:
5780:
5776:
5766:
5757:
5756:
5747:
5746:
5704:
5700:
5655:
5651:
5645:Wayback Machine
5596:
5592:
5582:
5580:
5571:
5570:
5557:
5547:Wayback Machine
5534:
5530:
5520:
5518:
5516:
5495:
5491:
5484:
5470:
5466:
5460:Wayback Machine
5453:"How guns work"
5451:
5447:
5441:Wayback Machine
5432:
5428:
5419:
5417:
5410:
5394:
5390:
5381:
5377:
5372:
5368:
5359:
5357:
5352:
5351:
5347:
5330:
5329:
5325:
5315:
5313:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5292:
5288:
5279:
5277:
5264:
5263:
5259:
5250:
5248:
5244:
5229:
5223:
5219:
5214:
5210:
5203:
5189:
5185:
5174:
5170:
5163:
5149:
5145:
5137:
5133:
5124:
5120:
5109:
5105:
5096:
5094:
5090:
5064:Arts Asiatiques
5059:
5053:
5049:
5036:
5032:
5019:
5012:
5004:
5000:
4987:
4985:
4978:
4958:
4954:
4938:
4937:
4927:
4925:
4918:
4888:
4884:
4846:
4842:
4834:
4830:
4822:
4818:
4810:
4803:
4795:
4791:
4781:
4779:
4772:
4754:
4750:
4742:. 22 Aug 2015.
4734:
4733:
4729:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4708:""Butt Stroke""
4706:
4705:
4701:
4694:
4678:
4674:
4658:
4654:
4645:
4643:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4620:
4616:
4600:
4596:
4580:
4576:
4560:
4556:
4547:
4545:
4540:. 3 July 2010.
4534:"Assault rifle"
4532:
4531:
4527:
4518:
4516:
4503:
4502:
4498:
4489:
4487:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4460:
4458:
4445:
4444:
4437:
4428:
4426:
4422:
4411:
4407:
4406:
4399:
4391:
4384:
4378:
4369:
4359:
4357:
4344:
4343:
4334:
4324:
4322:
4307:
4303:
4295:
4291:
4281:
4279:
4272:
4256:
4249:
4239:
4232:
4231:
4224:
4215:
4213:
4204:
4203:
4196:
4186:
4184:
4171:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4093:List of pistols
4038:Concealed carry
3898:
3887:considers that
3867:
3837:
3790:
3776:
3763:
3750:
3744:
3723:
3711:gas compression
3688:
3683:
3652:
3643:
3620:
3611:
3602:
3591:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3570:
3557:
3553:
3521:in high-income
3511:
3502:
3492:
3460:First World War
3418:, example of a
3408:
3402:
3396:
3268:
3260:Main articles:
3258:
3249:
3243:
3234:
3192:
3186:
3162:
3154:Main articles:
3152:
3132:Percussion caps
3129:
3121:Main articles:
3119:
3082:
3076:
3068:Renaissance man
3043:
3037:
3009:
3003:
2998:
2988:
2954:
2948:
2936:arquebus a croc
2906:Museum, France.
2904:Château de Foix
2896:
2845:
2839:
2818:
2812:
2807:
2664:Acheng District
2614:
2608:
2602:
2578:Pistol-whipping
2505:
2482:
2476:
2464:
2458:
2414:
2408:
2385:
2379:
2352:
2346:
2300:
2294:
2259:
2253:
2225:
2201:
2195:
2187:ST Kinetics CPW
2132:
2126:
2051:machine pistols
2004:
1998:
1996:Submachine guns
1844:
1838:
1826:Fedorov Avtomat
1784:ammunition belt
1763:automatic rifle
1744:
1742:Automatic rifle
1738:
1706:McMillan TAC-50
1662:Walther WA 2000
1596:effective range
1566:.308 Winchester
1550:
1544:
1536:Desert Tech MDR
1446:
1440:
1327:
1321:
1270:airborne forces
1257:submachine guns
1208:, chambered in
1179:
1173:
1161:Atchisson AA-12
1157:Franchi SPAS-12
1137:Browning Auto-5
1108:combat shotguns
1020:
1014:
924:shooting sports
876:
870:
841:
835:
823:FP-45 Liberator
715:or charge; and
692:weapons, or as
690:concealed carry
644:
638:
608:As of 2018 the
605:(Philippines).
500:submachine guns
392:, historically
369:A firearm is a
367:
352:
321:, using either
304:percussion lock
280:fully automatic
161:is any type of
135:
124:
118:
115:
72:
70:
60:
48:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10978:
10968:
10967:
10962:
10957:
10952:
10935:
10934:
10931:
10930:
10927:
10926:
10924:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10897:
10895:
10891:
10890:
10888:
10887:
10882:
10877:
10872:
10867:
10866:
10865:
10855:
10850:
10844:
10838:
10832:
10831:
10829:
10828:
10823:
10822:
10821:
10816:
10801:
10799:
10793:
10792:
10790:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10774:
10769:
10764:
10763:
10762:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10741:
10740:
10729:
10727:
10721:
10720:
10718:
10717:
10712:
10707:
10702:
10697:
10695:Assassinations
10692:
10686:
10684:
10673:
10672:
10670:
10669:
10668:
10667:
10657:
10652:
10647:
10640:
10635:
10634:
10633:
10628:
10623:
10613:
10608:
10607:
10606:
10596:
10590:
10588:
10582:
10581:
10557:
10556:
10553:
10552:
10549:
10548:
10546:
10545:
10540:
10535:
10530:
10529:
10528:
10523:
10518:
10508:
10503:
10498:
10493:
10487:
10485:
10479:
10478:
10476:
10475:
10470:
10465:
10460:
10455:
10450:
10445:
10440:
10435:
10430:
10425:
10420:
10415:
10410:
10405:
10400:
10395:
10390:
10385:
10380:
10375:
10370:
10365:
10360:
10355:
10350:
10344:
10342:
10336:
10335:
10333:
10332:
10327:
10322:
10317:
10312:
10307:
10302:
10301:
10300:
10290:
10284:
10278:
10272:
10271:
10268:
10267:
10265:
10264:
10263:
10262:
10257:
10252:
10247:
10242:
10232:
10231:
10230:
10225:
10220:
10218:Percussion cap
10215:
10205:
10200:
10194:
10192:
10188:
10187:
10185:
10184:
10179:
10178:
10177:
10172:
10167:
10157:
10156:
10155:
10150:
10140:
10135:
10130:
10125:
10119:
10113:
10107:
10106:
10090:
10089:
10086:
10085:
10083:
10082:
10077:
10076:
10075:
10068:Stopping power
10065:
10060:
10055:
10050:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10029:
10028:
10023:
10018:
10008:
10003:
9998:
9993:
9988:
9986:Length of pull
9983:
9978:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9958:
9953:
9948:
9943:
9937:
9935:
9931:
9930:
9927:
9926:
9924:
9923:
9922:
9921:
9916:
9906:
9901:
9900:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9873:
9867:
9861:
9860:
9857:
9856:
9854:
9853:
9848:
9843:
9838:
9833:
9828:
9823:
9818:
9813:
9811:Out-of-battery
9808:
9803:
9798:
9793:
9788:
9783:
9778:
9773:
9768:
9763:
9758:
9753:
9747:
9741:
9735:
9734:
9731:
9730:
9728:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9691:
9690:
9680:
9675:
9670:
9665:
9660:
9655:
9650:
9644:
9642:
9636:
9635:
9633:
9632:
9631:
9630:
9620:
9615:
9610:
9605:
9600:
9595:
9590:
9585:
9584:
9583:
9573:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9553:
9548:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9528:
9527:
9526:
9521:
9516:
9511:
9506:
9501:
9491:
9490:
9489:
9484:
9474:
9473:
9472:
9467:
9462:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9437:
9435:Forward assist
9432:
9427:
9422:
9417:
9412:
9407:
9405:Cocking handle
9402:
9397:
9392:
9391:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9375:
9370:
9360:
9355:
9350:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9334:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9307:
9301:
9295:
9294:
9289:Mechanics and
9281:
9280:
9277:
9276:
9274:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
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9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9202:
9200:
9193:
9192:
9189:
9188:
9186:
9185:
9180:
9175:
9174:
9173:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9147:
9145:
9141:
9140:
9138:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9115:Combat shotgun
9112:
9107:
9101:
9095:
9084:
9083:
9080:
9079:
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8915:
8909:
8898:
8897:
8895:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8883:
8882:
8880:Submachine gun
8877:
8870:Pistol caliber
8867:
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8855:
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8843:
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8459:
8454:
8449:
8443:
8441:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8413:Shield/Leupold
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8389:
8387:
8369:
8368:
8366:
8365:
8363:S&B Convex
8360:
8358:Swarovski rail
8355:
8350:
8345:
8338:
8336:
8326:
8325:
8323:
8322:
8317:
8312:
8307:
8302:
8296:
8294:
8288:
8287:
8285:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8272:Action threads
8268:
8266:
8260:
8259:
8251:
8250:
8243:
8236:
8228:
8219:
8218:
8216:
8215:
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8204:
8201:
8200:
8198:
8197:
8195:Wujing Zongyao
8192:
8187:
8182:
8176:
8174:
8168:
8167:
8165:
8164:
8159:
8157:Snap matchlock
8154:
8149:
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8139:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8113:
8111:
8105:
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8080:
8075:
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8064:
8058:
8052:
8047:
8042:
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8038:(rocket arrow)
8033:
8032:(flamethrower)
8027:
8022:
8019:
8012:
8010:
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7758:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7736:Potzdam musket
7733:
7728:
7723:
7718:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7696:Jazayer musket
7693:
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7480:
7478:
7477:
7472:
7470:Historiography
7467:
7462:
7456:
7453:
7452:
7445:Early firearms
7441:
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7426:
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7409:
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7162:
7160:Anti-personnel
7157:
7155:Anti-ballistic
7152:
7147:
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6956:United Kingdom
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6923:
6918:
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6908:
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6878:
6873:
6871:Czechoslovakia
6868:
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6757:United Kingdom
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6541:
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6519:
6512:
6504:
6498:
6497:
6483:
6482:External links
6480:
6479:
6478:
6472:
6462:. Vol. 7
6452:
6446:
6433:
6427:
6414:
6408:
6395:
6388:
6376:Andrade, Tonio
6370:
6367:
6364:
6363:
6318:
6293:
6278:. 6 May 2021.
6267:
6240:
6221:
6185:
6171:. 2007-12-10.
6147:
6133:. 2015-08-18.
6113:
6089:
6078:www.mdedge.com
6065:
6026:
6002:
5970:
5938:
5916:
5893:
5864:
5835:
5805:
5801:Download Files
5774:
5698:
5649:
5612:(3): 266–273.
5590:
5555:
5528:
5514:
5489:
5482:
5464:
5445:
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5408:
5388:
5375:
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5345:
5323:
5297:
5286:
5272:. 2013-07-15.
5257:
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5103:
5047:
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4998:
4976:
4970:. p. 63.
4952:
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4692:
4686:. Lippincott.
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4060:
4058:Shooting sport
4055:
4053:Shooting range
4050:
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4021:
4016:
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3993:
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3937:
3935:Firearm action
3932:
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3761:United Kingdom
3759:
3749:
3748:European Union
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3560:
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3551:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3510:
3507:
3491:
3490:Health hazards
3488:
3477:selective fire
3398:Main article:
3395:
3392:
3257:
3254:
3247:Belt (firearm)
3245:Main article:
3242:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3210:Mauser Kar 98k
3188:Main article:
3185:
3182:
3169:Percussion cap
3151:
3148:
3123:Percussion cap
3118:
3117:Percussion cap
3115:
3078:Main article:
3075:
3072:
3039:Main article:
3036:
3033:
3005:Main article:
3002:
2999:
2996:Firearm action
2987:
2984:
2972:Muzzle-loading
2950:Main article:
2947:
2944:
2916:Ottoman Empire
2895:
2892:
2841:Main article:
2838:
2835:
2814:Main article:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2759:Southeast Asia
2678:The Arabs and
2604:Main article:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2585:
2575:
2543:and using the
2504:
2501:
2485:Selective fire
2480:Selective fire
2478:Main article:
2475:
2474:Selective fire
2472:
2460:Main article:
2457:
2454:
2432:used, such as
2410:Main article:
2407:
2404:
2388:Semi-automatic
2381:Main article:
2378:
2377:Semi-automatic
2375:
2348:Main article:
2345:
2342:
2296:Main article:
2293:
2290:
2266:cocking handle
2255:Main article:
2252:
2249:
2224:
2221:
2197:Main article:
2194:
2191:
2128:Main article:
2125:
2122:
2039:.22 Long Rifle
2023:submachine gun
2002:Submachine gun
2000:Main article:
1997:
1994:
1970:PK machine gun
1856:7.62×51mm NATO
1840:Main article:
1837:
1834:
1740:Main article:
1737:
1734:
1635:vehicle armour
1562:7.62×51mm NATO
1546:Main article:
1543:
1540:
1469:7.62×51mm NATO
1458:7.62×51mm NATO
1442:Main article:
1439:
1436:
1397:service rifles
1358:5.56×45mm NATO
1350:selective-fire
1323:Main article:
1320:
1319:Assault rifles
1317:
1261:stopping power
1249:special forces
1210:5.56×45mm NATO
1175:Main article:
1172:
1169:
1104:modern warfare
1095:semi-automatic
1084:shotgun shells
1080:door breaching
1016:Main article:
1013:
1010:
912:service rifles
872:Main article:
869:
866:
837:Main article:
834:
831:
775:Makarov pistol
752:pocket pistols
732:semi-automatic
694:backup weapons
640:Main article:
637:
634:
351:
348:
327:optical sights
276:semi-automatic
202:siege of De'an
137:
136:
119:September 2022
51:
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10777:Most-produced
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9809:
9807:
9806:Muzzleloading
9804:
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9799:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9772:
9771:Breechloading
9769:
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9764:
9762:
9759:
9757:
9754:
9752:
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9651:
9649:
9646:
9645:
9643:
9641:
9637:
9629:
9626:
9625:
9624:
9621:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9582:
9579:
9578:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9536:Muzzle shroud
9534:
9532:
9529:
9525:
9524:Stripper clip
9522:
9520:
9517:
9515:
9514:High-capacity
9512:
9510:
9507:
9505:
9502:
9500:
9497:
9496:
9495:
9492:
9488:
9485:
9483:
9480:
9479:
9478:
9475:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9463:
9461:
9458:
9457:
9456:
9453:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9441:
9438:
9436:
9433:
9431:
9428:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9416:
9413:
9411:
9408:
9406:
9403:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9371:
9369:
9366:
9365:
9364:
9361:
9359:
9356:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9314:
9313:
9312:
9309:
9308:
9305:
9302:
9300:
9296:
9292:
9286:
9282:
9272:
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9241:Mauser rifles
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9194:
9184:
9181:
9179:
9176:
9172:
9169:
9168:
9167:
9166:Shotgun shell
9164:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9149:
9148:
9146:
9142:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9102:
9099:
9096:
9093:
9089:
9085:
9075:
9072:
9070:
9067:
9065:
9062:
9060:
9057:
9055:
9052:
9051:
9049:
9047:
9043:
9035:
9032:
9031:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9018:
9015:
9014:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8977:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8964:
8961:
8960:
8959:
8956:
8952:
8949:
8948:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8935:
8932:
8931:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8919:Anti-materiel
8917:
8916:
8913:
8910:
8907:
8903:
8899:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8872:
8871:
8868:
8864:
8861:
8860:
8859:
8856:
8852:
8849:
8848:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8817:
8815:
8812:
8810:
8807:
8805:
8802:
8801:
8799:
8797:
8793:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8772:
8769:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8749:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8736:
8732:
8729:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8717:
8715:
8712:
8711:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8681:
8678:
8677:
8674:
8670:
8665:
8661:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8624:
8621:
8620:
8619:
8616:
8615:
8612:
8608:
8603:
8599:
8595:
8591:
8584:
8579:
8577:
8572:
8570:
8565:
8564:
8561:
8549:
8548:QD/ Flush cup
8546:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8536:
8535:
8533:
8531:
8527:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8497:
8495:
8493:
8489:
8483:
8480:
8478:
8475:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8465:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8448:
8445:
8444:
8442:
8439:
8435:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8381:
8377:
8370:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8356:
8354:
8351:
8349:
8346:
8343:
8340:
8339:
8337:
8335:
8331:
8327:
8321:
8318:
8316:
8315:Dovetail rail
8313:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8298:
8297:
8295:
8293:
8289:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8269:
8267:
8265:
8261:
8256:
8249:
8244:
8242:
8237:
8235:
8230:
8229:
8226:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8205:
8202:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8185:Jixiao Xinshu
8183:
8181:
8178:
8177:
8175:
8173:
8169:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8137:Miquelet lock
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8114:
8112:
8110:
8106:
8100:
8097:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8076:
8074:
8071:
8068:
8065:
8062:
8059:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8040:
8037:
8034:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8020:
8017:
8014:
8013:
8011:
8009:
8005:
8000:
7994:
7991:
7989:Orban bombard
7988:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7944:
7942:
7938:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7891:
7889:
7886:
7884:
7881:
7879:
7876:
7874:
7871:
7869:
7866:
7864:
7863:Korean cannon
7861:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7849:
7846:
7844:
7841:
7839:
7836:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7772:
7770:
7768:
7763:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7732:
7729:
7727:
7724:
7722:
7719:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7711:Kabyle musket
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7701:Jezail musket
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7650:
7648:
7646:
7642:
7638:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7568:Java arquebus
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7548:Howdah pistol
7546:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7490:
7488:
7486:
7482:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7457:
7454:
7450:
7446:
7439:
7434:
7432:
7427:
7425:
7420:
7419:
7416:
7404:
7396:
7395:
7392:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7362:
7360:
7356:
7348:
7345:
7344:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7298:
7295:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7232:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7156:
7153:
7151:
7150:Anti-aircraft
7148:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7132:
7130:
7126:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7090:Yugoslav Wars
7088:
7087:
7085:
7083:
7082:Post-Cold War
7079:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7037:Iran–Iraq War
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6987:
6986:
6984:
6982:
6978:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6961:United States
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6820:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6780:
6778:
6774:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6762:United States
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6659:
6657:
6655:
6651:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6594:Early Warfare
6592:
6591:
6589:
6587:
6583:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6549:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6536:
6532:
6525:
6520:
6518:
6513:
6511:
6506:
6505:
6502:
6495:
6490:
6486:
6485:
6475:
6469:
6465:
6461:
6457:
6453:
6449:
6443:
6439:
6434:
6430:
6424:
6420:
6415:
6411:
6405:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6372:
6359:
6353:
6335:
6328:
6322:
6307:
6303:
6297:
6281:
6277:
6271:
6255:
6251:
6244:
6237:
6233:
6230:
6225:
6210:
6206:
6202:
6196:
6194:
6192:
6190:
6174:
6170:
6166:
6160:
6158:
6156:
6154:
6152:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6122:
6120:
6118:
6103:
6099:
6093:
6079:
6075:
6069:
6061:
6057:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6041:
6037:
6030:
6016:
6012:
6006:
5992:on 2018-04-01
5988:
5981:
5974:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5926:
5920:
5904:
5897:
5889:
5885:
5882:(10): 1–124.
5881:
5877:
5876:
5868:
5860:
5856:
5852:
5848:
5847:
5839:
5823:
5819:
5815:
5809:
5802:
5788:
5784:
5778:
5770:
5763:
5758:|first1=
5751:
5743:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5702:
5694:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5660:
5653:
5646:
5642:
5639:
5635:
5629:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5606:
5601:
5594:
5578:
5574:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5560:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5532:
5517:
5511:
5507:
5503:
5499:
5493:
5485:
5479:
5475:
5468:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5449:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5430:
5415:
5411:
5405:
5401:
5400:
5392:
5385:
5379:
5370:
5355:
5349:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5327:
5311:
5307:
5301:
5295:
5290:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5261:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5212:
5204:
5202:9780521355056
5198:
5194:
5187:
5180:. W.H. Allen.
5179:
5172:
5164:
5162:9781107034280
5158:
5154:
5147:
5140:
5135:
5128:
5122:
5114:
5107:
5089:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5040:
5034:
5026:
5025:
5017:
5015:
5007:
5002:
4995:
4983:
4979:
4977:9780312554538
4973:
4969:
4965:
4964:
4956:
4948:
4942:
4935:
4923:
4919:
4917:9781934854013
4913:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4886:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4844:
4838:, p. 32.
4837:
4832:
4825:
4820:
4813:
4808:
4806:
4798:
4793:
4777:
4773:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4752:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4731:
4723:
4717:
4709:
4703:
4695:
4689:
4685:
4684:
4676:
4670:
4666:
4665:0-8493-8163-0
4662:
4656:
4641:
4637:
4631:
4624:
4618:
4612:
4611:0-87364-010-1
4608:
4604:
4598:
4592:
4591:0-87364-009-8
4588:
4584:
4578:
4572:
4571:0-87947-308-8
4568:
4564:
4558:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4529:
4514:
4510:
4506:
4500:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4471:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4442:
4440:
4421:
4417:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4305:
4299:, p. 52.
4298:
4293:
4277:
4273:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4254:
4252:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4227:
4211:
4207:
4201:
4199:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4169:
4167:
4162:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3784:
3779:
3771:
3768:
3758:
3755:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3727:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3705:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3656:United States
3650:United States
3647:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3625:
3615:
3609:Lead exposure
3606:
3597:
3594:
3586:
3583:
3568:
3567:MediaWiki.org
3564:
3559:
3550:
3549:
3543:
3539:
3537:
3531:
3524:
3520:
3515:
3506:
3501:
3497:
3496:Gunshot wound
3487:
3484:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3444:
3437:
3436:service rifle
3433:
3428:
3421:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3401:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3372:stripper clip
3369:
3365:
3360:
3356:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3331:
3328:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3289:
3285:
3284:Martini-Henry
3281:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3248:
3238:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3198:
3191:
3181:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3145:
3144:muzzleloaders
3139:
3137:
3133:
3128:
3124:
3114:
3112:
3111:Miquelet lock
3108:
3104:
3100:
3095:
3086:
3081:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3047:
3042:
3032:
3029:
3022:
3018:
3013:
3008:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2976:
2973:
2966:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2905:
2900:
2891:
2889:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2849:
2844:
2834:
2831:
2822:
2817:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2790:
2783:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2746:
2744:
2743:Java arquebus
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2712:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:long arquebus
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2574:of a firearm.
2573:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2547:as a weapon.
2546:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2525:blunt weapons
2518:
2514:
2509:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2471:
2468:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2450:gas operation
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2338:straight pull
2335:
2334:rotating bolt
2330:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2280:and cock the
2279:
2276:via internal
2275:
2271:
2270:trigger guard
2267:
2263:
2258:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2228:Manual action
2220:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2152:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2070:
2068:
2067:overpenetrate
2064:
2059:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1770:; the French
1769:
1764:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1612:Type 38 rifle
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1542:Sniper rifles
1539:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1438:Battle rifles
1435:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1378:battle rifles
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1346:assault rifle
1340:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1325:Assault rifle
1316:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:Ruger Mini-14
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
947:sniper rifles
944:
940:
936:
932:
927:
925:
921:
917:
913:
908:
904:
900:
896:
889:
885:
880:
875:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
846:
840:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:New Nambu M60
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:double-action
741:
740:single-action
737:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
701:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
672:
668:
663:
657:
653:
648:
643:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:ranged weapon
372:
365:
361:
357:
347:
344:
340:
339:sniper rifles
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
174:
172:
168:
165:that uses an
164:
160:
152:
148:
143:
133:
130:
122:
111:
108:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80: –
79:
75:
74:Find sources:
68:
64:
58:
57:
52:This article
50:
46:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
10797:Arms control
10677:Gun violence
10644:Jungle style
10643:
10616:Gun cultures
10521:Intermediate
10198:Fire forming
10048:Rate of fire
9919:Stadiametric
9897:Transitional
9841:Self-loading
9796:Gas-operated
9756:Blow-forward
9688:Red dot
9598:Squeeze bore
9546:Pistol slide
9531:Muzzle brake
9499:Bottom metal
9046:Machine guns
8704:Line thrower
8684:muzzleloader
8680:Breechloader
8617:
8589:
8334:scope mounts
8254:
8142:Muzzleloader
8117:Breechloader
8095:rocket arrow
8067:Meng Huo You
8018:rocket arrow
8008:incendiaries
7980:Grose Bochse
7926:Wankou Chong
7444:
7272:Martial arts
7246:
7235:Depth charge
7205:Conventional
6946:Soviet Union
6823:World War II
6463:
6459:
6437:
6418:
6399:
6379:
6341:. Retrieved
6321:
6310:. Retrieved
6296:
6284:. Retrieved
6270:
6258:. Retrieved
6243:
6224:
6213:. Retrieved
6204:
6177:. Retrieved
6168:
6139:. Retrieved
6130:
6105:. Retrieved
6101:
6092:
6081:. Retrieved
6077:
6068:
6043:
6039:
6029:
6018:. Retrieved
6014:
6005:
5994:. Retrieved
5987:the original
5973:
5962:. Retrieved
5941:
5929:. Retrieved
5919:
5907:. Retrieved
5896:
5879:
5873:
5867:
5853:(21): 1–86.
5850:
5844:
5838:
5826:. Retrieved
5818:Injury Facts
5817:
5808:
5791:. Retrieved
5787:the original
5777:
5750:cite journal
5715:
5711:
5701:
5666:
5662:
5652:
5609:
5603:
5593:
5581:. Retrieved
5576:
5550:
5537:
5531:
5519:. Retrieved
5505:
5492:
5473:
5467:
5448:
5429:
5418:. Retrieved
5398:
5391:
5383:
5378:
5369:
5358:. Retrieved
5348:
5340:the original
5336:Scotwars.com
5335:
5326:
5314:. Retrieved
5300:
5289:
5278:. Retrieved
5269:
5260:
5249:. Retrieved
5237:
5233:
5220:
5211:
5192:
5186:
5177:
5171:
5152:
5146:
5138:
5134:
5126:
5121:
5112:
5106:
5095:. Retrieved
5067:
5063:
5050:
5042:
5038:
5033:
5023:
5008:, p. 1.
5001:
4992:
4986:. Retrieved
4962:
4955:
4933:
4926:. Retrieved
4895:
4885:
4856:
4852:
4843:
4831:
4824:Needham 1986
4819:
4792:
4780:. Retrieved
4761:
4751:
4743:
4739:
4730:
4716:
4702:
4682:
4675:
4655:
4644:. Retrieved
4630:
4622:
4617:
4602:
4597:
4582:
4577:
4562:
4557:
4546:. Retrieved
4537:
4528:
4517:. Retrieved
4508:
4499:
4488:. Retrieved
4479:
4470:
4459:. Retrieved
4450:
4427:. Retrieved
4415:
4389:the original
4358:. Retrieved
4354:the original
4349:
4325:February 23,
4323:. Retrieved
4314:
4304:
4297:Andrade 2016
4292:
4280:. Retrieved
4260:
4241:
4234:
4214:. Retrieved
4185:. Retrieved
4175:
4024:Gun violence
3986:Gun politics
3982:Firearms law
3890:
3882:
3868:
3842:
3838:
3835:South Africa
3806:
3795:
3791:
3781:
3777:
3764:
3751:
3724:
3707:
3701:
3690:
3653:
3644:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3621:
3612:
3603:
3595:
3592:
3584:
3581:
3540:
3532:
3528:
3518:
3503:
3485:
3445:
3441:
3384:en-bloc clip
3368:speedloaders
3352:
3332:
3324:
3293:
3288:.303 British
3250:
3235:
3206:Mosin–Nagant
3193:
3178:
3160:Breechloader
3156:Muzzleloader
3140:
3130:
3091:
3052:
3026:
3020:
3019:matchlocks (
2977:
2970:
2935:
2934:were called
2927:
2923:
2919:
2909:
2890:in Bohemia.
2885:
2854:
2837:Hand cannons
2828:The Chinese
2827:
2799:
2791:
2787:
2756:
2731:bedil tombak
2716:
2677:
2671:
2668:Heilongjiang
2645:
2630:
2625:Yuan dynasty
2568:Buttstroking
2562:
2559:
2549:
2533:
2522:
2517:buttstroking
2488:
2484:
2483:
2466:
2465:
2446:blow forward
2416:
2415:
2401:
2395:
2392:self-loading
2391:
2387:
2386:
2359:slide action
2358:
2354:
2353:
2337:
2333:
2331:
2302:
2301:
2262:Lever action
2261:
2260:
2257:Lever action
2251:Lever action
2246:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2218:
2172:
2167:infiltrators
2156:
2150:
2148:
2114:KRISS Vector
2071:
2055:
2022:
2020:
1990:M134 Minigun
1951:
1903:
1879:rate of fire
1862:
1860:
1836:Machine guns
1815:
1805:
1788:
1768:machine guns
1762:
1760:
1718:Dragunov SVU
1651:
1639:scout rifles
1616:
1588:sniper rifle
1587:
1585:
1548:Sniper rifle
1532:Howa Type 64
1517:
1501:
1465:battle rifle
1464:
1462:
1444:Battle rifle
1409:
1393:World War II
1389:Nazi Germany
1387:produced by
1382:
1345:
1343:
1286:
1242:
1237:
1216:
1214:
1149:Mossberg 500
1130:
1124:
1088:
1052:shot spreads
1047:shot pellets
1038:
1036:
1028:Mossberg 500
986:MAS-36 rifle
963:
959:break-action
955:lever-action
928:
894:
892:
884:Mosin–Nagant
849:
844:
842:
783:Luger pistol
771:M1911 pistol
760:
721:
702:
698:self-defense
677:
675:
618:armed forces
607:
508:
504:machine guns
467:
457:
449:water vessel
417:foot soldier
408:
404:
402:
394:black powder
386:deflagration
384:combustion (
368:
316:
256:breechloader
252:muzzleloader
241:
175:
158:
156:
125:
116:
106:
99:
92:
85:
73:
61:Please help
56:verification
53:
36:
10911:Legislation
10863:in the U.S.
10814:Disarmament
10809:Gun control
10506:Handloading
10293:Dummy round
10165:Cooking off
10160:Malfunction
10148:Field strip
10143:Maintenance
10033:Penetration
9996:Match grade
9914:Mathematics
9846:Single-shot
9786:Closed bolt
9700:Scope mount
9663:Holographic
9653:Finderscope
9541:Pistol grip
9519:Speedloader
9373:Telescoping
9353:Breechblock
9226:Gatling gun
9125:Pump action
8766:Single-shot
8689:Combination
8538:Swivel stud
8500:Swivel stud
8440:accessories
8380:holographic
8342:Ring mounts
8180:Huolongjing
8172:Literatures
7975:Faule Mette
7970:Faule Grete
7965:Dulle Griet
7828:Ekor lotong
7790:Baton a feu
7691:Jäger rifle
7583:Muff pistol
7538:Hand mortar
7533:Hand cannon
7508:Blunderbuss
7210:Crew-served
7170:Area denial
7002:Six-Day War
6997:Vietnam War
6926:New Zealand
6921:Netherlands
6794:Nationalist
6727:New Zealand
6654:World War I
6614:Crimean War
6102:Mayo Clinic
5793:January 10,
5583:February 8,
5402:. Penguin.
5070:: 233–268.
4758:"Gunpowder"
4669:pp. 270-271
4581:F.A. Moyer
4561:C. Taylor,
4311:"Small arm"
4240:"Firearm".
4233:"Firearm".
4009:Gun culture
3996:Gun control
3563:Phabricator
3456:Gatling gun
3448:Gatling gun
3434:, a modern
3414:The French
3406:Single-shot
3376:Lee–Enfield
3308:6mm Flobert
3304:parlor guns
3276:.577 Snider
3173:bolt action
3021:tanegashima
2857:hand cannon
2843:Hand cannon
2810:Fire lances
2660:hand cannon
2627:(1271–1368)
2621:Hand cannon
2489:select fire
2399:cartridge.
2396:autoloading
2355:Pump action
2350:Pump action
2344:Pump action
2307:bolt handle
2303:Bolt action
2298:Bolt action
2292:Bolt action
2237:single-shot
2163:skirmishers
2144:HK 4.6×30mm
2043:.40 S&W
1958:M2 Browning
1947:direct fire
1945:with rapid
1867:direct fire
1863:machine gun
1842:Machine gun
1818:Cei-Rigotti
1780:French Army
1698:Barrett M82
1674:Steyr Scout
1649:in squads.
1592:bolt-action
1577:Barrett M82
1268:personnel,
1191:.30 carbine
1091:pump-action
1060:less lethal
994:Ruger 10/22
974:Lee–Enfield
966:Henry rifle
951:bolt-action
854:Renaissance
807:Colt Python
724:single-shot
597:(Germany),
583:Kalashnikov
569:(Belgium),
565:(Austria),
553:(Germany),
455:or useful.
433:fixed mount
421:crew-served
378:projectiles
323:iron sights
312:Gatling gun
286:used (i.e.
222:propellants
206:hand cannon
10944:Categories
10715:Gun safety
10710:Gunfighter
10501:Centrefire
10483:Cartridges
10463:Snake shot
10403:Round shot
10393:Projectile
10378:Incendiary
10276:Ammunition
10235:Propellant
10203:Obturation
10175:Squib load
10103:ammunition
9941:Accurizing
9877:Ballistics
9791:Electronic
9710:Telescopic
9561:Recoil pad
9420:Firing pin
9395:Bump stock
9358:Breechface
9299:Components
9291:components
9144:Ammunition
8892:Wallet gun
8836:Pepper-box
8781:Spring-gun
8776:Smoothbore
8771:Sleeve gun
8543:Snap hooks
8353:Zeiss rail
8083:Pen Huo Qi
8045:Greek fire
8036:Fire arrow
7921:Xanadu Gun
7908:Swivel gun
7898:Pot de fer
7838:Fauconneau
7528:Fire lance
7287:Non-lethal
7267:Insurgency
7262:Incendiary
7257:Improvised
7190:Ceremonial
7180:Biological
7140:Amphibious
6992:Korean War
6966:Yugoslavia
6798:Republican
6722:Montenegro
6343:2020-03-07
6312:2020-03-07
6215:2019-10-15
6179:2019-10-15
6141:2019-10-15
6107:2023-12-08
6083:2023-12-08
6020:2023-12-08
5996:2018-04-01
5964:2018-04-01
5905:. CBS News
5828:31 January
5814:"Firearms"
5663:The Lancet
5521:25 January
5420:2020-10-31
5360:2014-04-19
5316:January 4,
5294:Chase 2003
5280:2018-04-09
5251:2021-04-30
5097:2020-09-08
5006:Chase 2003
4988:2019-04-24
4836:Chase 2003
4812:Chase 2003
4797:Chase 2003
4646:2020-01-04
4548:2023-06-20
4519:2020-09-24
4490:2020-09-24
4461:2020-03-07
4429:2020-03-07
4360:15 January
4315:Britannica
4216:2014-04-19
4157:References
4034:Open carry
4014:Gun safety
3908:Ballistics
3708:mechanical
3646:treaties.
3500:Gun safety
3494:See also:
3432:M4 carbine
3382:, and the
3348:centerfire
3320:.22 CB Cap
3316:.22 BB Cap
3312:propellant
3294:Frenchman
3266:Ammunition
3256:Cartridges
3220:, and the
3171:and early
3028:Matchlocks
3017:Edo period
2965:Grand Turk
2932:war wagons
2894:Arquebuses
2830:fire lance
2816:Fire lance
2684:Aq Qoyunlu
2656:cannonball
2637:fire lance
2610:See also:
2572:butt stock
2545:butt stock
2529:ammunition
2422:propellant
2282:firing pin
2209:Colt AR-15
2098:Spectre M4
2063:body armor
1871:burst fire
1756:7.62×54mmR
1477:7.62×54mmR
1428:M4 carbine
1309:M4 carbine
1301:M1 carbine
1266:logistical
1255:alongside
1234:M1 carbine
1202:M4 carbine
1187:M1 carbine
1153:Benelli M4
1043:smoothbore
888:7.62×54mmR
791:Beretta 92
787:Mauser C96
779:Walther PP
717:derringers
567:FN Herstal
563:Steyr Arms
484:derringers
468:small arms
390:propellant
382:exothermic
237:projectile
226:smoothbore
214:propellant
198:fire lance
89:newspapers
18:Small arms
10960:Gunpowder
10755:Gun shops
10705:Forensics
10680:and
10626:Gun shows
10368:Frangible
10358:Expanding
10310:Gas check
10305:Flechette
10288:Cannelure
10213:Gunpowder
10170:Hang fire
10138:Firefight
9991:Lock time
9981:Headspace
9946:Bore axis
9831:Repeating
9781:Open bolt
9695:Magnifier
9581:Auto sear
9487:Wheellock
9482:Flintlock
9460:Half-cock
9415:Extractor
9316:Feed ramp
9246:Tommy Gun
9236:M1 Garand
9171:.410 bore
9135:Sawed-off
9110:Coach gun
9024:Repeating
9017:Polygonal
8941:Automatic
8924:Anti-tank
8809:Derringer
8699:Flare gun
8510:Versa Pod
8505:Picatinny
8452:Picatinny
8438:Handguard
8305:Picatinny
8292:Receivers
8190:Wubei Zhi
8162:Wheellock
8147:Snaphance
8132:Matchlock
8127:Flintlock
8093:Singijeon
7916:Veuglaire
7912:Tarasnice
7888:Organ gun
7853:Hongyipao
7818:Chongtong
7808:Carronade
7767:artillery
7731:Musketoon
7598:Pepperbox
7307:Pneumatic
7297:Offensive
7230:Explosive
7175:Artillery
7165:Anti-tank
7145:Ancillary
6831:Australia
6785:Chaco War
6667:Australia
6548:Premodern
6060:1359-1789
6046:: 39–44.
5084:191565174
5045:: p. 178.
4941:cite book
4869:1361-8113
4187:April 29,
3788:Australia
3726:includes:
3468:Lewis gun
3464:"Spandau"
3452:automatic
3388:M1 Garand
3380:Mauser 98
3344:"rimfire"
3335:gunpowder
3327:cartridge
3218:M1 Garand
3107:snaphance
3094:flintlock
3080:Flintlock
3074:Flintlock
3055:wheellock
3041:Wheellock
3035:Wheellock
3007:Matchlock
3001:Matchlock
2877:artillery
2861:lead shot
2782:musketeer
2771:istinggar
2719:Nusantara
2711:istinggar
2696:Nusantara
2641:gunpowder
2595:attached.
2417:Automatic
2406:Automatic
2367:forestock
2363:handguard
2286:cartridge
2241:repeating
2102:Steyr TMP
2069:targets.
2029:(such as
1986:IWI Negev
1954:Maxim gun
1822:Lewis gun
1654:M40 rifle
1524:Gewehr 43
1513:M14 rifle
1491:like the
1485:M1 Garand
1432:M16 rifle
1366:5.45×39mm
1362:7.62×39mm
1356:(such as
1339:5.45×39mm
1206:M16 rifle
1141:Ithaca 37
1099:automatic
1064:bean bags
982:M1 Garand
978:Gewehr 98
833:Long guns
738:pistols;
736:automatic
713:cartridge
709:revolvers
577:(China),
573:(Italy),
547:SIG Sauer
519:Remington
488:long guns
480:revolvers
300:flintlock
296:wheellock
292:matchlock
186:gunpowder
167:explosive
147:M16 rifle
78:"Firearm"
10950:Firearms
10916:Politics
10836:Gun laws
10767:Gunsmith
10655:Politics
10574:industry
10496:Caseless
10298:Snap cap
10191:Ignition
10182:Ricochet
10123:Dry fire
10099:Shooting
10026:Velocity
9892:Terminal
9887:External
9851:Slamfire
9836:Revolver
9751:Blowback
9618:Tapering
9593:Silencer
9556:Receiver
9494:Magazine
9450:Foregrip
9440:Freebore
9410:Cylinder
9368:Rotating
9331:Trunnion
9197:Historic
9088:Shotguns
9007:Marksman
8985:Elephant
8887:Starting
8846:Revolver
8814:Duelling
8804:Cane gun
8796:Handguns
8756:Riot gun
8724:Takedown
8709:Long gun
8694:Elephant
8598:glossary
8590:Firearms
8152:Snaplock
7985:Mons Meg
7833:Falconet
7823:Culverin
7785:Basilisk
7751:Wall gun
7593:Petronel
7493:Arquebus
7485:Firearms
7460:Timeline
7403:Category
7370:Industry
7327:Tectonic
7312:Practice
7302:Personal
7195:Chemical
7135:Aircraft
7100:Iraq War
7072:Gulf War
6981:Cold War
6971:Infantry
6951:Thailand
6851:Bulgaria
6808:Japanese
6767:Infantry
6732:Portugal
6682:Bulgaria
6662:Chemical
6571:Japanese
6566:Medieval
6494:Firearms
6458:(1986).
6378:(2016).
6352:cite web
6334:Archived
6306:Archived
6280:Archived
6254:Archived
6232:Archived
6209:Archived
6173:Archived
6135:Archived
5955:Archived
5931:April 3,
5909:April 3,
5888:16485447
5859:15222463
5822:Archived
5742:25530442
5693:27733281
5641:Archived
5628:26551975
5543:Archived
5456:Archived
5437:Archived
5414:Archived
5310:Archived
5274:Archived
5242:Archived
5088:Archived
4982:Archived
4928:24 April
4922:Archived
4877:23790667
4863:: 1–30.
4776:Archived
4740:Sky News
4640:Archived
4542:Archived
4513:Archived
4484:Archived
4455:Archived
4420:Archived
4319:Archived
4276:Archived
4210:Archived
4181:Archived
3945:Gunsmith
3896:See also
3693:title II
3359:magazine
3226:Breda 30
2928:hook gun
2920:arquebus
2912:arquebus
2881:arquebus
2767:Malaccan
2727:pole gun
2688:Safavids
2672:Yuan Shi
2515:trainee
2442:blowback
2311:receiver
2278:linkages
1875:belt-fed
1772:Chauchat
1678:Sako TRG
1623:materiel
1481:retronym
1374:magazine
1278:officers
1171:Carbines
1072:riot gun
1068:tear gas
1032:12-gauge
1012:Shotguns
961:rifles.
935:carbines
899:riflings
862:arquebus
845:long gun
839:Long gun
686:sidearms
682:gun laws
667:Glock 19
656:.45 Colt
636:Handguns
614:civilian
539:Mossberg
515:Browning
496:shotguns
490:such as
474:such as
472:handguns
445:aircraft
431:(e.g. a
413:infantry
371:barreled
272:revolver
229:shotguns
149:and the
10903: (
10870:License
10638:Hunting
10586:Society
10566:Society
10543:Wildcat
10538:Pinfire
10468:Spitzer
10398:Raufoss
10340:Bullets
10330:Wadding
10245:Cordite
10223:Rimfire
10153:Fouling
10133:Gunshot
10111:Gunshot
9951:Caliber
9934:Metrics
9865:Physics
9766:Boxlock
9739:Actions
9725:Zeroing
9720:Thermal
9678:Reticle
9648:Diopter
9623:Trigger
9470:Striker
9445:Forearm
9430:Fluting
9400:Chamber
9388:Tilting
9378:Flapper
9338:Bayonet
9326:Threads
9090: (
9012:Rifling
9000:Varmint
8990:Express
8980:Buffalo
8975:Hunting
8958:Carbine
8929:Assault
8904: (
8831:Machine
8751:Pen gun
8746:Net gun
8741:Needler
8733: (
8714:Carbine
8635:History
8618:Firearm
8592: (
8403:RMR/SRO
8264:Barrels
8255:Firearm
8122:Doglock
8078:Naphtha
8055:Huo Che
8016:Bo-hiya
8004:rockets
7952:Basilic
7947:Bombard
7868:Lantaka
7813:Cetbang
7645:muskets
7365:Arsenal
7342:Vehicle
7332:Torpedo
7292:Nuclear
7252:Hunting
7247:Firearm
6941:Romania
6901:Hungary
6891:Germany
6881:Finland
6876:Denmark
6866:Croatia
6841:Belgium
6836:Austria
6737:Romania
6697:Germany
6677:Belgium
6639:Antique
6561:Chinese
6556:African
6539:History
6531:Weapons
6369:Sources
6286:7 March
6260:7 March
5733:4340604
5684:5388903
5634:Table 4
5240:: 137.
4826::293–94
4782:30 July
4480:GovInfo
4451:AustLII
4282:30 July
3715:air gun
3654:In the
3565:and on
3420:bullpup
3339:wadding
3197:Spencer
3099:frizzen
2962:frigate
2946:Muskets
2924:haaqbus
2869:windage
2735:Islamic
2692:Mughals
2680:Mamluks
2652:bombard
2648:Sichuan
2600:History
2593:bayonet
2582:handgun
2327:chamber
2319:striker
2118:SIG MPX
2110:PP-2000
2035:.45 ACP
1922:mounted
1694:PTRS-41
1581:.50 BMG
1497:FN SCAR
1401:bullpup
1391:during
1230:AKS-74U
1217:carbine
1177:Carbine
1106:, with
1039:shotgun
1018:Shotgun
920:hunting
916:shotgun
907:bullets
858:muskets
705:pistols
678:handgun
642:Handgun
603:Armscor
575:Norinco
571:Beretta
551:Walther
476:pistols
441:vehicle
331:pistols
308:hunting
244:caliber
231:) have
210:Eurasia
180:, when
159:firearm
103:scholar
10700:Deaths
10682:safety
10570:safety
10448:Meplat
10428:Tracer
10255:Ramrod
10208:Primer
10053:Recoil
10016:Energy
10011:Muzzle
9683:Reflex
9640:Sights
9588:Shroud
9571:Safety
9465:Linear
9455:Hammer
9383:Roller
9311:Barrel
9064:Medium
9029:Sniper
8970:Double
8946:Battle
8902:Rifles
8841:Pocket
8819:Pistol
8761:Rotary
8719:Musket
8650:Weapon
8640:Safety
8602:topics
8600:, and
8530:Slings
8492:Bipods
8472:KeyMod
8447:Weaver
8423:CompM4
8408:C-More
8398:Docter
8376:reflex
8330:Scopes
8300:Weaver
8061:Hwacha
8002:Early
7903:Prangi
7878:Mortar
7803:Cannon
7765:Early
7726:Musket
7706:Jingal
7641:Rifles
7603:Pistol
7518:Dragon
7347:Combat
7317:Ranged
7220:Deadly
6936:Poland
6931:Norway
6916:Mexico
6896:Greece
6886:France
6856:Canada
6846:Brazil
6752:Turkey
6747:Serbia
6742:Russia
6702:Greece
6692:France
6687:Canada
6586:Modern
6470:
6444:
6425:
6406:
6386:
6058:
5886:
5857:
5740:
5730:
5712:Lancet
5691:
5681:
5626:
5512:
5480:
5406:
5199:
5159:
5082:
4994:world.
4974:
4914:
4875:
4867:
4768:
4690:
4663:
4609:
4589:
4569:
4268:
3774:Canada
3589:Injury
3370:, the
3355:breech
3216:, the
3212:, the
3208:, the
2952:Musket
2784:(1608)
2589:muzzle
2541:muzzle
2438:recoil
2426:primer
2371:hammer
2315:breech
2223:Manual
2193:Action
2185:, and
2175:FN P90
2116:, and
2041:, and
1988:, and
1974:FN MAG
1926:tripod
1828:, and
1778:, the
1752:AVS-36
1728:, and
1704:, and
1680:, and
1534:, and
1528:FN FAL
1454:FN FAL
1422:, and
1405:breech
1385:StG 44
1368:, and
1335:AK-107
1311:, and
1163:, and
1097:, and
1004:, and
957:, and
868:Rifles
825:, and
813:, and
789:, and
595:Mauser
581:, and
579:Rostec
535:Savage
502:, and
492:rifles
486:; and
482:, and
460:subset
453:mobile
425:recoil
396:, now
362:, and
335:rifles
288:rifled
284:barrel
233:rifled
194:spears
190:pellet
182:bamboo
105:
98:
91:
84:
76:
10533:Paper
10491:Blank
10458:ABCBC
10443:Minié
10388:HEIAP
10373:Green
10325:Sabot
10058:Group
9966:Gauge
9801:Lever
9776:Break
9673:Laser
9658:Globe
9628:guard
9608:Stock
9603:Choke
9271:Glock
9266:M1911
9251:MP 40
9211:AR-15
9206:AK-47
9069:Heavy
9059:Light
8623:lists
8515:M-LOK
8477:M-LOK
8428:Micro
8384:prism
7375:Mount
7358:Other
7322:Space
7282:Melee
7215:Cyber
7128:Types
6911:Japan
6906:Italy
6861:China
6717:Japan
6712:Italy
6707:India
6337:(PDF)
6330:(PDF)
6131:NIDCD
5990:(PDF)
5983:(PDF)
5958:(PDF)
5951:(PDF)
5245:(PDF)
5230:(PDF)
5091:(PDF)
5080:S2CID
5060:(PDF)
4873:JSTOR
4423:(PDF)
4412:(PDF)
4392:(PDF)
4385:(PDF)
3721:India
3618:Noise
3519:rates
3509:Death
3422:rifle
3416:FAMAS
3201:Henry
2865:stock
2739:Arabs
2633:China
2467:Burst
2456:Burst
2394:, or
2078:MP 40
2074:MP 18
1966:MG 42
1943:squad
1714:SR-25
1604:bipod
1520:FG 42
1424:AK-74
1416:AK-47
1226:AK-74
1056:slugs
895:rifle
874:Rifle
763:Glock
754:and "
746:, or
734:, or
626:China
559:Glock
527:Ruger
409:light
405:heavy
350:Types
302:, or
260:lever
248:gauge
178:China
151:AK-47
110:JSTOR
96:books
10901:Laws
10805:Arms
10760:list
10738:list
10578:laws
10526:list
10408:SLAP
10353:Cast
10101:and
10021:Rise
9816:Pump
9761:Bolt
9705:Tang
9668:Iron
9576:Sear
9509:Drum
9504:Clip
9477:Lock
9363:Bolt
9343:Belt
9321:Slug
9183:Slug
9178:Shot
9130:Riot
9092:list
9034:list
8995:Punt
8963:list
8951:list
8934:list
8906:list
8863:list
8851:list
8824:list
8735:list
8594:list
8520:ARCA
8482:ARCA
8457:NATO
8393:Acro
8332:and
8310:NATO
8006:and
7873:Lela
7775:Abus
7643:and
7447:and
7240:List
7200:Cold
6468:ISBN
6442:ISBN
6423:ISBN
6404:ISBN
6384:ISBN
6358:link
6288:2020
6262:2020
6056:ISSN
5933:2022
5911:2022
5884:PMID
5855:PMID
5830:2019
5795:2019
5769:link
5762:help
5738:PMID
5689:PMID
5636:). (
5624:PMID
5585:2023
5523:2012
5510:ISBN
5478:ISBN
5404:ISBN
5318:2021
5234:IRRC
5197:ISBN
5157:ISBN
4972:ISBN
4947:link
4930:2019
4912:ISBN
4865:ISSN
4853:ICON
4784:2013
4766:ISBN
4688:ISBN
4661:ISBN
4607:ISBN
4587:ISBN
4567:ISBN
4362:2019
4327:2019
4284:2013
4266:ISBN
4189:2017
4036:and
4002:and
3984:and
3783:feu)
3523:OECD
3498:and
3430:The
3364:clip
3318:and
3264:and
3199:and
3175:form
3158:and
3125:and
3092:The
3053:The
2994:and
2940:lead
2910:The
2873:bore
2709:The
2686:and
2323:sear
2274:bolt
2165:and
2159:rear
2138:The
2047:sub-
2010:The
1889:and
1850:The
1797:and
1750:The
1602:and
1575:The
1564:and
1556:The
1507:and
1452:The
1430:and
1333:The
1251:and
1228:and
1200:The
1185:The
1026:The
945:and
933:and
903:bore
882:The
850:butt
696:for
665:The
650:The
555:ČZUB
523:Colt
458:The
407:and
341:and
268:pump
264:bolt
188:and
145:The
82:news
10473:VLD
10320:PCA
9566:Rim
9256:Uzi
9216:M16
9074:SAW
8645:War
8630:Gun
8467:UIT
8462:RIS
8418:MOS
8382:or
7337:Toy
6048:doi
5728:PMC
5720:doi
5716:385
5679:PMC
5671:doi
5667:388
5638:PDF
5614:doi
5610:129
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