Knowledge

Sol Tax

Source đź“ť

301:(NAES College), Tax served on its original academic review committee. As the college grew, the academic review committee was converted into a board of directors in 1978. Tax accepted an invitation to join, and he served on the committee until 1993, not long before his death. NAES credited Tax with playing a "key role in helping define a vision of Indian higher education as the basis for community development in culturally relevant terms." Tax's particular contribution was the core idea of field projects in the NAES curriculum. 500:
Service to the Association is commonly recognized, as are outstanding applications of anthropological knowledge to improving the human condition. Great teachers of anthropology at all levels have received this award. Although the activities of the recipients will vary from year to year, all awardees have made many sacrifices, usually without personal reward, and sometimes against personal safety. They have all used anthropology for the benefit of others.
266: 499:
The Franz Boas Award for Exemplary Service to Anthropology, formerly the Distinguished Service Award, was established in 1976. This award is presented annually by the Association to its members whose careers demonstrate extraordinary achievements that have well served the anthropological profession.
276:
Sol Tax is known as a founder of "Action Anthropology", a school of anthropological thought that forwent the traditional doctrine of non-interference in favor of co-equal goals of "learning and helping" from studied cultures. As an example, he was a lead organizer of the influential 1961 American
277:
Indian Chicago Conference (AICC). The meeting brought together 460 American Indians from 90 tribes from June 13 to June 20, 1961, at the University of Chicago to help "all Indians of the whole nation to express their own views" and draft a shared "Declaration of Indian Purpose." President
209:. He later earned a doctorate at the University of Chicago in 1935. He joined the faculty of that institution in 1940 where he spent several decades teaching. Tax was a mentor to noted anthropologist Joan Ablon at the University of Chicago. 197:. During his formative years he was involved in a number of social clubs. Among these was the Newsboys Republic with which his first encounter was when he was "arrested" for breaking their rules. Tax began his undergraduate education at the 281:
received the declaration in a ceremony at the White House in 1962. The spirit of self-determination expressed in the document became a cornerstone of Native activism in the years that followed, including the
763: 479: 1558: 756: 31: 269:
An example of Action Anthropology: the 1961 American Indian Chicago Conference (AICC) at the University of Chicago. Tax helped bring together members of 90 tribes.
749: 1090: 1573: 221:
held at the University of Chicago. He was an organizer, along with the National Congress of American Indians, including Native American organizer
1588: 1520: 1504: 298: 246: 425: 487: 538: 1593: 1563: 624:
The American Indian Chicago Conference, 1961: A Native response to government policy and the birth of Indian self-determination
449: 1568: 548: 340: 773: 516: 483: 242: 373: 202: 1553: 705: 699: 226: 218: 166:, or Fox, Indians, for "action-anthropological" research titled the Fox Project, and for founding the academic journal 1234: 655: 732: 1583: 723: 1397: 1578: 356: 321: 351: 741: 315: 271:
Photo by F. Peter Weil, courtesy of the NAES College Collection at the Northwestern University Libraries
512: 368: 123: 450:"American Indian organizational education in Chicago: the Community Board Training Project, 1979-1989" 294: 1472: 671: 1055: 895: 85: 622: 975: 860: 287: 182: 1357: 1333: 1301: 1250: 911: 198: 174: 92: 1548: 1543: 1258: 836: 828: 812: 796: 194: 168: 51: 8: 1325: 1210: 1178: 983: 820: 1448: 1293: 1082: 887: 788: 596: 588: 430: 283: 1341: 1309: 1170: 1130: 651: 600: 544: 336: 116: 717: 566:"The Voice of the American Indian: Report on the American Indian Chicago Conference" 1496: 1405: 1381: 1274: 1266: 1194: 1047: 991: 580: 344: 1456: 1421: 1039: 1007: 967: 943: 927: 919: 711: 396: 278: 1480: 1389: 1242: 1202: 1114: 1106: 951: 844: 565: 222: 159: 353:
Pride and Puzzlement: A Retro-introspective Record of 60 Years of Anthropology
1537: 1488: 1373: 1317: 1162: 1154: 1031: 903: 852: 75: 1440: 1413: 1226: 1218: 1186: 1138: 1023: 999: 959: 935: 868: 254: 206: 162:. He is best known for creating action anthropology and his studies of the 143: 771: 733:
Guide to the Native American Educational Services Sol Tax Papers 1908-1993
1512: 1063: 105: 233:, the first major statement of the policy of tribal self-determination. 1349: 1122: 1098: 804: 592: 250: 178: 1464: 1365: 1015: 736: 727: 672:"Ethnographic Field School in Guatemala - May 27, 2011 - July 2011" 584: 325:
Doing Fieldwork: The Correspondence of Robert Redfield and Sol Tax,
230: 163: 265: 391: 389: 201:
but had to leave for lack of funds. He returned to school at the
386: 30: 708:, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution 702:, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution 706:
Sol Tax - Fox field notes and Fox Project records 1932–1959
737:
University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center
728:
University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center
650:(First ed.). Albany: SUNY Press. pp. 123–124. 513:"Franz Boas Award for Exemplary Service to Anthropology" 480:"Franz Boas Award for Exemplary Service to Anthropology" 426:"Sol Tax, 87, Anthropologist Who Founded Journal, Dies" 1559:
Presidents of the American Anthropological Association
257:
in 1977. He was the association's president in 1959.
540:
Currents in Anthropology: Essays in Honor of Sol Tax
700:
Sol Tax - Fort Berthold Action Anthropology Project
158:(30 October 1907 – 4 January 1995) was an American 1535: 757: 718:Penny Capitalism: A Guatemalan Indian Economy 627:(PhD). Dept. of History, University of Kansas 423: 334:Penny Capitalism; a Guatemalan Indian economy 312:Social Anthropology of North American Tribes, 299:Native American Educational Services College 530: 443: 441: 764: 750: 29: 645: 447: 229:. He assisted in authoring the resulting 620: 564:Lurie, Nancy Oestreich (December 1961). 438: 264: 536: 343:. Tax is said to have coined the term ' 1574:University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni 1536: 310:(1937, revised 1955) contributions to 260: 1589:20th-century American anthropologists 745: 724:Guide to the Sol Tax Papers 1923-1989 664: 563: 419: 417: 327:New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books. 774:American Anthropological Association 517:American Anthropological Association 484:American Anthropological Association 454:American Educational History Journal 243:American Anthropological Association 374:Sol Tax Distinguished Service Award 173:He received his doctorate from the 13: 720:. The University of Chicago Press. 414: 227:American Indian Chicago Conference 219:1959 Darwin Centennial Celebration 217:He was the main organizer for the 14: 1605: 693: 621:Niermann, Thomas A. (July 2006). 424:Randy Kennedy (January 8, 1995). 397:"Obituary: Sol Tax, Anthropology" 323:Rubinstein, Robert A., ed. 2001. 1594:American Anthropologist editors 712:Obituary: Sol Tax, Anthropology 253:award for exemplary service to 203:University of Wisconsin–Madison 639: 614: 557: 505: 472: 1: 1564:University of Chicago faculty 379: 357:Annual Review of Anthropology 188: 1569:University of Chicago alumni 648:Community Self-Determination 486:. 2008-10-27. Archived from 314:ed. by Fred Eggan. Chicago: 7: 646:Laukaitis, John J. (2015). 537:Hinshaw, Robert A. (1980). 448:Laukaitis, John J. (2009). 362: 316:University of Chicago Press 231:Statement of Indian Purpose 177:in 1935 and, together with 10: 1610: 369:Bronislaw Malinowski Award 293:In 1974, when the Chicago 124:Bronislaw Malinowski Award 1554:Scientists from Milwaukee 1432: 1285: 1074: 879: 780: 295:Native American Committee 236: 212: 149: 139: 132: 112: 101: 81: 71: 59: 37: 28: 21: 677:. faculty.chass.ncsu.edu 304: 205:, where he studied with 1056:Alfred Irving Hallowell 896:Marshall Howard Saville 86:University of Wisconsin 16:American anthropologist 1584:Writers from Milwaukee 976:John Montgomery Cooper 861:William Curtis Farabee 288:Native American gaming 273: 183:Alfred Radcliffe-Brown 1473:Virginia R. DomĂ­nguez 1358:Nancy Oestreich Lurie 1334:William C. Sturtevant 1251:Anthony F. C. Wallace 912:George Grant MacCurdy 332:(1953, revised 1972) 286:and the expansion of 268: 245:presented to him and 199:University of Chicago 175:University of Chicago 93:University of Chicago 1579:Writers from Chicago 1259:Joseph B. Casagrande 829:Roland Burrage Dixon 813:William Henry Holmes 797:Frederic Ward Putnam 573:Current Anthropology 195:Milwaukee, Wisconsin 169:Current Anthropology 52:Milwaukee, Wisconsin 1326:Conrad M. Arensberg 1211:Frederica de Laguna 1179:Morris Edward Opler 984:Elsie Clews Parsons 821:Jesse Walter Fewkes 543:. USA: de Gruyter. 261:Action Anthropology 181:, was a student of 1449:Elizabeth Brumfiel 1294:Walter Goldschmidt 1091:Wendell C. Bennett 1083:William W. Howells 789:William John McGee 772:Presidents of the 431:The New York Times 284:Red Power movement 274: 1531: 1530: 1342:M. Margaret Clark 1310:Francis L. K. Hsu 1171:Sherwood Washburn 1131:E. Adamson Hoebel 550:978-3-11-179474-7 401:Chicago Chronicle 341:978-0-374-97785-6 153: 152: 134:Scientific career 128: 121: 117:Viking Fund Medal 97: 90: 1601: 1524: 1516: 1508: 1500: 1497:Alisse Waterston 1492: 1484: 1476: 1468: 1460: 1452: 1444: 1425: 1417: 1409: 1406:Yolanda T. Moses 1401: 1393: 1385: 1382:Jane E. Buikstra 1377: 1369: 1361: 1353: 1345: 1337: 1329: 1321: 1313: 1305: 1302:Richard N. Adams 1297: 1278: 1275:Ernestine Friedl 1270: 1267:Edward H. Spicer 1262: 1254: 1246: 1238: 1235:George M. Foster 1230: 1222: 1214: 1206: 1198: 1195:Alexander Spoehr 1190: 1182: 1174: 1166: 1158: 1150: 1142: 1134: 1126: 1118: 1110: 1102: 1094: 1086: 1067: 1059: 1051: 1048:Harry L. Shapiro 1043: 1035: 1027: 1019: 1011: 1003: 995: 992:Alfred V. Kidder 987: 979: 971: 963: 955: 947: 939: 931: 923: 915: 907: 899: 891: 872: 864: 856: 848: 840: 832: 824: 816: 808: 800: 792: 766: 759: 752: 743: 742: 716:Tax, Sol. 1963. 687: 686: 684: 682: 676: 668: 662: 661: 643: 637: 636: 634: 632: 618: 612: 611: 609: 607: 570: 561: 555: 554: 534: 528: 527: 525: 524: 509: 503: 502: 496: 495: 476: 470: 469: 467: 465: 445: 436: 435: 421: 412: 411: 409: 407: 393: 345:Penny capitalism 297:established the 126: 119: 95: 88: 66: 47: 45: 33: 19: 18: 1609: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1519: 1511: 1503: 1495: 1487: 1479: 1471: 1463: 1457:Alan H. Goodman 1455: 1447: 1439: 1428: 1422:Louise Lamphere 1420: 1412: 1404: 1396: 1388: 1380: 1372: 1364: 1356: 1348: 1340: 1332: 1324: 1316: 1308: 1300: 1292: 1281: 1273: 1265: 1257: 1249: 1241: 1233: 1225: 1217: 1209: 1201: 1193: 1185: 1177: 1169: 1161: 1153: 1145: 1137: 1129: 1121: 1113: 1105: 1097: 1089: 1081: 1070: 1062: 1054: 1046: 1040:Clyde Kluckhohn 1038: 1030: 1022: 1014: 1008:Robert Redfield 1006: 998: 990: 982: 974: 968:Diamond Jenness 966: 958: 950: 944:Herbert Spinden 942: 934: 928:Fay-Cooper Cole 926: 920:John R. Swanton 918: 910: 902: 894: 886: 875: 867: 859: 851: 843: 835: 827: 819: 811: 803: 795: 787: 776: 770: 696: 691: 690: 680: 678: 674: 670: 669: 665: 658: 644: 640: 630: 628: 619: 615: 605: 603: 568: 562: 558: 551: 535: 531: 522: 520: 511: 510: 506: 493: 491: 478: 477: 473: 463: 461: 446: 439: 422: 415: 405: 403: 395: 394: 387: 382: 365: 307: 279:John F. Kennedy 263: 239: 215: 193:Tax grew up in 191: 122: 91: 82:Alma mater 64: 55: 49: 48:30 October 1907 43: 41: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1607: 1597: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1529: 1528: 1526: 1525: 1517: 1509: 1501: 1493: 1485: 1481:Leith Mullings 1477: 1469: 1461: 1453: 1445: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1429: 1427: 1426: 1418: 1410: 1402: 1394: 1390:Annette Weiner 1386: 1378: 1370: 1362: 1354: 1346: 1338: 1330: 1322: 1314: 1306: 1298: 1289: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1280: 1279: 1271: 1263: 1255: 1247: 1243:Charles Wagley 1239: 1231: 1223: 1215: 1207: 1203:John P. Gillin 1199: 1191: 1183: 1175: 1167: 1159: 1151: 1143: 1135: 1127: 1119: 1115:George Murdock 1111: 1107:John Otis Brew 1103: 1095: 1087: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1071: 1069: 1068: 1064:Ralph L. Beals 1060: 1052: 1044: 1036: 1028: 1020: 1012: 1004: 996: 988: 980: 972: 964: 956: 952:Nels C. Nelson 948: 940: 932: 924: 916: 908: 900: 892: 883: 881: 877: 876: 874: 873: 865: 857: 849: 845:Alfred Kroeber 841: 833: 825: 817: 809: 801: 793: 784: 782: 778: 777: 769: 768: 761: 754: 746: 740: 739: 730: 721: 714: 709: 703: 695: 694:External links 692: 689: 688: 663: 656: 638: 613: 585:10.1086/200229 579:(5): 478–500. 556: 549: 529: 504: 471: 437: 413: 384: 383: 381: 378: 377: 376: 371: 364: 361: 360: 359: 348: 330: 319: 306: 303: 262: 259: 238: 235: 225:, of the 1961 223:Willard LaMere 214: 211: 190: 187: 160:anthropologist 151: 150: 147: 146: 141: 137: 136: 130: 129: 114: 110: 109: 103: 102:Known for 99: 98: 83: 79: 78: 73: 69: 68: 67:(aged 87) 63:4 January 1995 61: 57: 56: 50: 39: 35: 34: 26: 25: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1606: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1489:Monica Heller 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1437: 1435: 1431: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1398:James Peacock 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1374:Roy Rappaport 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1318:Paul Bohannan 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1288: 1284: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1163:Gordon Willey 1160: 1156: 1155:Margaret Mead 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1032:Ruth Benedict 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 904:Alfred Tozzer 901: 897: 893: 889: 888:Aleš HrdliÄŤka 885: 884: 882: 878: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 853:Clark Wissler 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 785: 783: 779: 775: 767: 762: 760: 755: 753: 748: 747: 744: 738: 734: 731: 729: 725: 722: 719: 715: 713: 710: 707: 704: 701: 698: 697: 673: 667: 659: 657:9781438457680 653: 649: 642: 626: 625: 617: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 567: 560: 552: 546: 542: 541: 533: 518: 514: 508: 501: 490:on 2008-11-20 489: 485: 481: 475: 459: 455: 451: 444: 442: 433: 432: 427: 420: 418: 402: 398: 392: 390: 385: 375: 372: 370: 367: 366: 358: 355: 354: 349: 346: 342: 338: 335: 331: 329: 328: 324: 320: 317: 313: 309: 308: 302: 300: 296: 291: 289: 285: 280: 272: 267: 258: 256: 252: 248: 244: 234: 232: 228: 224: 220: 210: 208: 204: 200: 196: 186: 184: 180: 176: 172: 170: 165: 161: 157: 148: 145: 142: 138: 135: 131: 125: 118: 115: 111: 107: 104: 100: 94: 87: 84: 80: 77: 74: 70: 62: 58: 53: 40: 36: 32: 27: 20: 1521:Ramona Perez 1441:Don Brenneis 1433:2001–Present 1414:Jane H. Hill 1227:Cora Du Bois 1219:Irving Rouse 1187:Leslie White 1146: 1139:Harry Hoijer 1024:Ralph Linton 1000:Leslie Spier 960:Edward Sapir 936:Robert Lowie 869:Walter Hough 679:. Retrieved 666: 647: 641: 629:. Retrieved 623: 616: 604:. Retrieved 576: 572: 559: 539: 532: 521:. Retrieved 519:. 2008-10-23 507: 498: 492:. Retrieved 488:the original 474: 462:. Retrieved 457: 453: 429: 404:. Retrieved 400: 352: 333: 326: 322: 311: 292: 275: 270: 255:anthropology 240: 216: 207:Ralph Linton 192: 167: 155: 154: 144:anthropology 133: 96:(Ph.D, 1935) 89:(Ph.B, 1931) 65:(1995-01-04) 1549:1995 deaths 1544:1907 births 1515:(2019–2021) 1513:Akhil Gupta 1507:(2017–2019) 1505:Alex Barker 1499:(2015–2017) 1491:(2013–2015) 1483:(2011–2013) 1475:(2009–2011) 1467:(2007–2009) 1459:(2005–2007) 1451:(2003–2005) 1443:(2001–2003) 1424:(1999–2001) 1416:(1997–1999) 1408:(1995–1997) 1400:(1993–1995) 1392:(1991–1993) 1384:(1989–1991) 1376:(1988–1989) 1368:(1986–1987) 1360:(1984–1985) 930:(1933–1934) 906:(1929–1930) 898:(1927–1928) 890:(1925–1926) 871:(1923–1924) 863:(1921–1922) 855:(1919–1920) 847:(1917–1918) 839:(1915–1916) 837:F. W. Hodge 831:(1913–1914) 823:(1911–1912) 815:(1909–1910) 807:(1907–1908) 799:(1905–1906) 791:(1902–1904) 460:(1–2): 445+ 72:Nationality 1538:Categories 1350:Dell Hymes 1123:Emil Haury 1099:Fred Eggan 805:Franz Boas 681:21 October 631:29 October 606:17 October 523:2008-10-31 494:2008-10-31 464:17 October 380:References 251:Franz Boas 247:Bela Maday 189:Early life 179:Fred Eggan 44:1907-10-30 1465:Setha Low 1366:June Helm 1286:1976–2001 1075:1951–1975 1016:Neil Judd 880:1925–1950 781:1902–1924 601:143508407 1523:(2021– ) 406:13 March 363:See also 164:Meskwaki 76:American 1147:Sol Tax 735:at the 726:at the 593:2739788 350:(1988) 156:Sol Tax 108:Indians 23:Sol Tax 1352:(1983) 1344:(1982) 1336:(1981) 1328:(1980) 1320:(1979) 1312:(1978) 1304:(1977) 1296:(1976) 1277:(1975) 1269:(1974) 1261:(1973) 1253:(1972) 1245:(1971) 1237:(1970) 1229:(1969) 1221:(1968) 1213:(1967) 1205:(1966) 1197:(1965) 1189:(1964) 1181:(1963) 1173:(1962) 1165:(1961) 1157:(1960) 1149:(1959) 1141:(1958) 1133:(1957) 1125:(1956) 1117:(1955) 1109:(1954) 1101:(1953) 1093:(1952) 1085:(1951) 1066:(1950) 1058:(1949) 1050:(1948) 1042:(1947) 1034:(1947) 1026:(1946) 1018:(1945) 1010:(1944) 1002:(1943) 994:(1942) 986:(1941) 978:(1940) 970:(1939) 962:(1938) 954:(1937) 946:(1936) 938:(1935) 922:(1932) 914:(1931) 654:  599:  591:  547:  339:  237:Honors 213:Career 140:Fields 127:(1977) 120:(1961) 113:Awards 54:, U.S. 675:(PDF) 597:S2CID 589:JSTOR 569:(PDF) 305:Works 683:2010 652:ISBN 633:2020 608:2020 545:ISBN 466:2020 408:2015 337:ISBN 249:its 241:The 60:Died 38:Born 581:doi 106:Fox 1540:: 595:. 587:. 575:. 571:. 515:. 497:. 482:. 458:36 456:. 452:. 440:^ 428:. 416:^ 399:. 388:^ 347:'. 290:. 185:. 765:e 758:t 751:v 685:. 660:. 635:. 610:. 583:: 577:2 553:. 526:. 468:. 434:. 410:. 318:. 171:. 46:) 42:(

Index


Milwaukee, Wisconsin
American
University of Wisconsin
University of Chicago
Fox
Viking Fund Medal
Bronislaw Malinowski Award
anthropology
anthropologist
Meskwaki
Current Anthropology
University of Chicago
Fred Eggan
Alfred Radcliffe-Brown
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
University of Chicago
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Ralph Linton
1959 Darwin Centennial Celebration
Willard LaMere
American Indian Chicago Conference
Statement of Indian Purpose
American Anthropological Association
Bela Maday
Franz Boas
anthropology

John F. Kennedy
Red Power movement

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑