1200:, whereby he would get to choose roughly one out of every four New York district court seats even though a Republican was in the White House. Moynihan also wanted to fulfill a public promise he had made to get a Hispanic judge appointed for New York. When Moynihan's staff recommended her to him, they said "Have we got a judge for you!" Moynihan identified with her socio-economic and academic background and became convinced she would become the first Hispanic Supreme Court justice. D'Amato became an enthusiastic backer of Sotomayor, who was seen as politically centrist at the time. Of the impending drop in salary from private practice, Sotomayor said: "I've never wanted to get adjusted to my income because I knew I wanted to go back to public service. And in comparison to what my mother earns and how I was raised, it's not modest at all."
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the commonly perceived ideological lines. Specifically, her voting pattern and judicial philosophy has been in close agreement with that of
Justices Breyer, Ginsburg and Kagan. During her first couple of years there, Sotomayor voted with Ginsburg and Breyer 90 percent of the time, one of the highest agreement rates on the Court. In a 2015 article titled "Ranking the Most Liberal Modern Supreme Court Justices", Alex Greer identified Sotomayor as representing a more liberal voting pattern than both Elena Kagan and Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Greer placed Sotomayor as having the most liberal voting history of all the current sitting Justices, and slightly less liberal than her predecessors Thurgood Marshall and John Marshall Harlan II on the Court.
1063:(known as the "Tarzan Murderer" who acrobatically entered apartments, robbed them, and shot residents for no reason). She felt lower-level crimes were largely products of socioeconomic environment and poverty, but she had a different attitude about serious felonies: "No matter how liberal I am, I'm still outraged by crimes of violence. Regardless of whether I can sympathize with the causes that lead these individuals to do these crimes, the effects are outrageous." Hispanic-on-Hispanic crime was of particular concern to her: "The saddest crimes for me were the ones that my own people committed against each other." In general, she showed a passion for bringing law and order to the streets of New York, displaying special zeal in pursuing
2721:(2014). Her speeches have tended to give a more defined picture of her worldview than her rulings on the bench. The themes of her speeches have often focused on ethnic identity and experience, the need for diversity, and America's struggle with the implications of its diverse makeup. She has also presented her career achievements as an example of the success of affirmative action policies in university admissions, saying "I am the perfect affirmative action baby" in regard to her belief that her admission test scores were not comparable to those of her classmates. During 2012 while already on the Supreme Court, Sotomayor made two appearances as herself on the children's television program
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2656:(2021), a case regarding an abortion law in Texas that allows private citizens to sue abortion providers, Sotomayor wrote a sharp dissenting opinion, joined by justices Breyer and Kagan. By a 5–4 vote, the Supreme Court allowed the Texas law to stay in effect. Sotomayor concluded that "Today's fractured Court evinces no such courage. While the Court properly holds that this suit may proceed against the licensing officials, it errs gravely in foreclosing relief against state-court officials and the state attorney general. By so doing, the Court leaves all manner of constitutional rights more vulnerable than ever before, to the great detriment of our Constitution and our Republic."
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inquiry. States require individuals to buy automobile insurance (implicitly suggesting the unavoidable comparison to health insurance and the fairness of applying the same principle to health insurance as well)." Sotomayor concluded with the incisive rhetorical flourish in the Court directed at the attorneys: "Do you think that if some states decided not to impose an insurance requirement that the federal government would be without power to legislate and require every individual to buy car insurance?" For Toobin, this distinction drawn by
Sotomayor was the heart of the argument for the case in which she was part of the prevailing majority opinion.
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1881:(1999), the parents of a black student alleged that he had been harassed due to his race and had been discriminated against when he was transferred from a first grade class to a kindergarten class without parental consent, while similarly situated white students were treated differently. Sotomayor agreed with the dismissal of the harassment claims due to lack of evidence, but would have allowed the discrimination claim to go forward. She wrote in dissent that the grade transfer was "contrary to the school's established policies" as well as its treatment of white students, which "supports the inference that race discrimination played a role".
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2284:, which the Court decided unanimously, she wrote a separate concurring opinion. Sotomayor's rapport with her clerks is seen as more formalistic than some of the other justices as she requires detailed and rigorous evaluations of cases she is considering with a table of contents attached. When compared to Kagan directly, one of their colleagues stated, "Neither of them is a shrinking violet". Coyle, in her 2013 book on the Roberts Court, stated that: "Both women are more vocal during arguments than the justices whom they succeeded, and they have energized the moderate-liberal side of the bench."
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how her own experiences as a Latina might affect her decisions as a judge. In any case, her background in activism did not necessarily influence her rulings: in a study of 50 racial discrimination cases brought before her panel, 45 were rejected, with
Sotomayor never filing a dissent. An expanded study showed that Sotomayor decided 97 cases involving a claim of discrimination and rejected those claims nearly 90 percent of the time. Another examination of Second Circuit split decisions on cases that dealt with race and discrimination showed no clear ideological pattern in Sotomayor's opinions.
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1726:(2004), Sotomayor dissented from her colleagues' decision to uphold a series of strip searches of "troubled adolescent girls" in juvenile detention centers. While Sotomayor agreed that some of the strip searches at issue in the case were lawful, she would have held that due to "the severely intrusive nature of strip searches", they should not be allowed "in the absence of individualized suspicion, of adolescents who have never been charged with a crime". She argued that an "individualized suspicion" rule was more consistent with Second Circuit precedent than the majority's rule.
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decisions. In her reading of the constitutionality of the Obama health care law favoring the poor and disabled, she sided with
Ginsburg against fellow liberals Breyer and Kagan. In dealing with the Chief Justice, Sotomayor had no difficulty in responding to his statement that "the way to stop discrimination on the basis of race is to stop discriminating on the basis of race," by stating, "I don't borrow Chief Justice Roberts's description of what color-blindness is... Our society is too complex to use that kind of analysis." In the manufacturer liability case of
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1152:, where she served for four years. There she took a vigorous role in the board's implementation of a voluntary scheme wherein local candidates received public matching funds in exchange for limits on contributions and spending and agreeing to greater financial disclosure. Sotomayor showed no patience with candidates who failed to follow regulations and was more of a stickler for making campaigns follow those regulations than some of the other board members. She joined in rulings that fined, audited, or reprimanded the mayoral campaigns of Koch,
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2239:) had comprised the identifiable conservative wing of the Court. Although five of the justices on the Supreme Court in 2009 self-identified as having Roman Catholic affiliation, Sotomayor's voting history identifies her singly among them with the liberal bloc of the Court. However, there is a wide divergence among Catholics in general in their approaches to the law. Due to her upbringing and her past jobs and positions, Sotomayor has brought one of the more diverse sets of life experiences to the Court.
1893:(2002), Sotomayor wrote an opinion halting New York City's practice of seizing the motor vehicles of drivers accused of driving while intoxicated and some other crimes and holding those vehicles for "months or even years" during criminal proceedings. Noting the importance of cars to many individuals' livelihoods or daily activities, she held that it violated individuals' due process rights to hold the vehicles without permitting the owners to challenge the city's continued possession of their property.
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886:, and on the territory's struggles for economic and political self-determination. The 178-page work, "La Historia Ciclica de Puerto Rico: The Impact of the Life of Luis Muñoz Marin on the Political and Economic History of Puerto Rico, 1930–1975", won honorable mention for the Latin American Studies Thesis Prize. As a senior, Sotomayor won the Pyne Prize, the top award for undergraduates, which reflected both strong grades and extracurricular activities. In 1976, she was elected to
2424:, it could not agree on a single rationale. Sotomayor was among four justices, along with Justices Roberts, Ginsburg and Kennedy, who concluded that a statement's falsity is not enough, by itself, to exclude speech from First Amendment protection. Justices Breyer and Kagan concluded that while false statements were entitled to some protection, the act was invalid because it could have achieved its objectives in less restrictive ways. Justices Scalia, Thomas and Alito dissented.
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in sound judgment." When
Republican senators confronted her regarding other remarks from her past speeches, she pointed to her judicial record and said she had never let her own life experiences or opinions influence her decisions. Republican senators said that while her rulings to this point might be largely traditional, they feared her Supreme Court rulings—where there is more latitude with respect to precedent and interpretation—might be more reflective of her speeches.
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1638:, Sotomayor wrote the opinion for the Second Circuit panel striking down this order on First Amendment grounds, stating that the media should be free to publish the names of the jurors. Sotomayor held that although it was important to protect the fairness of the retrial, the district court's order was an unconstitutional prior restraint on free speech and violated the right of the press "to report freely on events that transpire in an open courtroom".
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1787:. The city chose not to certify the test results and a lower court had previously upheld the city's right to do this. Several white firefighters and one Hispanic firefighter who had passed the test, including the lead plaintiff who has dyslexia and had put extra effort into studying, sued the City of New Haven, claiming that their rights were violated. A Second Circuit panel that included Sotomayor first issued a brief, unsigned
1912:(2006), an unrelated case brought about by the same town's actions, Sotomayor joined a unanimous panel's summary order to uphold a trial court's dismissal—due to a statute of limitations lapse—of a property owner's objection to his land being condemned for a redevelopment project. The ruling further said that even without the lapse, the owner's petition would be denied due to application of the Supreme Court's recent
1634:. Frank Quattrone had been on trial on charges of obstructing investigations related to technology IPOs. After the first trial ended in a deadlocked jury and a mistrial, some members of the media had wanted to publish the names of the jurors deciding Quattrone's case, and a district court had issued an order barring the publication, even though their names had previously been disclosed in open court. In
552:. Her nomination was confirmed by the Senate in August 2009 by a vote of 68–31. While on the Court, Sotomayor has supported the informal liberal bloc of justices when they divide along the commonly perceived ideological lines. During her Supreme Court tenure, Sotomayor has been identified with concern for the rights of criminal defendants and criminal justice reform as seen in majority opinions such as
2193:, representing the First Amendment issues in the case, Sotomayor challenged him, questioning 19th century rulings of the Court and saying, "What you are suggesting is that the courts, who created corporations as persons, gave birth to corporations as persons, and there could be an argument made that that was the Court's error to start with ... a creature of State law with human characteristics."
2616:, Sotomayor wrote a dissent from the Court's ruling that evidence obtained as a result of an illegal police stop could be admitted if the stopped person was later found to have an outstanding traffic warrant, writing that it was a "remarkable proposition" that the existence of a warrant could justify a stop illegally based on police officers' "whim or hunch". Echoing her earlier dissent in
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Judge
Livingston held that the district judge did not abuse her discretion in holding that the student's speech "foreseeably create a risk of substantial disruption within the school environment", which is the precedent in the Second Circuit for when schools may regulate off-campus speech. Although Sotomayor did not write this opinion, she has been criticized by some who disagree with it.
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2529:(2012), all nine justices agreed that a warrant was likely to be required before police could place a GPS tracking device on a suspect's car. Most justices sided with a narrow opinion written by Justice Samuel Alito, but Sotomayor (in a lone concurrence) advocated a more expansive view of privacy rights in a digital age, calling for a re-assessment of the longstanding
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1545:, which collected anonymous evaluations of judges by lawyers who appear before them, contained a wide range of reactions to Sotomayor. Comments also diverged among lawyers willing to be named. Attorney Sheema Chaudhry said, "She's brilliant and she's qualified, but I just feel that she can be very, how do you say, temperamental." Defense lawyer
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articles, increased significantly during the length of her appellate judgeship and was greater than that of some other prominent federal appeals court judges. Two academic studies showed that the percentage of
Sotomayor's decisions that overrode policy decisions by elected branches was the same as or lower than that of other circuit judges.
1799:. Sotomayor voted with a 7–6 majority not to rehear it and a slightly expanded ruling was issued, but a strong dissent by Cabranes led to the case reaching the Supreme Court in 2009. There it was overruled in a 5–4 decision that found the white firefighters had been victims of racial discrimination when they were denied promotion.
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949:. By her own later evaluation, her performance there was lacking. She did not receive an offer for a full-time position, an experience that she later described as a "kick in the teeth" and one that would bother her for years. In her third year, she filed a formal complaint against the established Washington, D.C., law firm of
2100:. In general, Sotomayor followed the hearings formula of recent past nominees by avoiding stating personal positions, declining to take positions on controversial issues likely to come before the Court, agreeing with senators from both parties, and repeatedly affirming that as a justice she would just apply the law.
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and was motivated by gun ownership advocates concerned about her interpretation of Second
Amendment rights. Some of the fervor with which conservatives and Republicans viewed the Sotomayor nomination was due to their grievances over the history of federal judicial nomination battles going back to the
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did not violate the First
Amendment rights of a student when it barred her from running for student government after she called the superintendent and other school officials "douchebags" in a blog post written while off-campus that encouraged students to call an administrator and "piss her off more".
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In the Court of
Appeals seat, Sotomayor gained a reputation for vigorous and blunt behavior toward lawyers appealing before her, sometimes to the point of brusque and curt treatment or testy interruptions. She was known for extensive preparation for oral arguments and for running a "hot bench", where
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analysis found that Sotomayor's rulings defied easy ideological categorization, but did show an adherence to precedent and an avoidance of overstepping the circuit court's judicial role. Unusually, Sotomayor read through all the supporting documents of cases under review; her lengthy rulings explored
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experience, the firm recruited her heavily, and she learned quickly on the job. She was eager to try cases and argue in court, rather than be part of a larger law firm. Her clients were mostly international corporations doing business in the United States; much of her time was spent tracking down and
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cases, unusual for the time. She worked 15-hour days and gained a reputation for being driven and for her preparedness and fairness. One of her job evaluations labelled her a "potential superstar". Morgenthau later described her as "smart, hard-working, a lot of common sense," and as a "fearless and
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as the foremost voice on the Court calling for reforming criminal justice adjudication—in particular as it relates misconduct by police and prosecutors, abuses in prisons, concerns about how the death penalty is used, and the potential for loss of privacy—and Tribe has compared her will to reform in
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was permitted to challenge the state's Eminent Domain Procedure Law. A district court subsequently rejected the plaintiff's claims and upon appeal the case found itself again with the Second Circuit. In 2005, Sotomayor ruled with a panel majority that the property owner's due process rights had been
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the following spring. In the speech, she discussed the characteristics of her Latina upbringing and culture and the history of minorities and women ascending to the federal bench. She said the low number of minority women on the federal bench at that time was "shocking". She then discussed at length
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Sotomayor generally kept a low public profile as a district court judge. She showed a willingness to take anti-government positions in a number of cases, and during her first year in the seat, she received high ratings from liberal public-interest groups. Other sources and organizations regarded her
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Sotomayor and Noonan divorced amicably in 1983; they did not have children. She has said that the pressures of her working life were a contributing factor, but not the major factor, in the breakup. From 1983 to 1986, Sotomayor had an informal solo practice, dubbed Sotomayor & Associates, located
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crisis-level crime rates and drug problems in New York, Morgenthau's staff was overburdened with cases, and like other rookie prosecutors, Sotomayor was initially fearful of appearing before judges in court. Working in the trial division, she handled heavy caseloads as she prosecuted everything from
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starting in 1979. She said at the time that she did so with conflicted emotions: "There was a tremendous amount of pressure from my community, from the third world community, at Yale. They could not understand why I was taking this job. I'm not sure I've ever resolved that problem." It was a time of
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wrote, "Sotomayor's concerns tended toward the earthbound and practical. Sometimes, during oral arguments, she would go on tangents involving detailed questions about the facts of cases that would leave her colleagues stupefied, sinking into their chairs. This time, though, she had a simple line of
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In succeeding Justice Souter, Sotomayor did not change the Court's net philosophical and ideological balance. While many cases are decided unanimously or with different voting coalitions, Sotomayor has continued to be a reliable member of the liberal bloc of the court when the justices divide along
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Sotomayor's confirmation hearings before the Senate Judiciary Committee began on July 13, 2009, during which she backed away from her "wise Latina" remark, declaring it "a rhetorical flourish that fell flat" and stating that "I do not believe that any ethnic, racial or gender group has an advantage
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that profiled women ten years after college graduation, she said that the bulk of law work was drudgery, and that while she was content with her life, she had expected greater things of herself coming out of college. In 1988 she became a partner at the firm; she was paid well but not extravagantly.
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to have illegitimate merchandise seized, in the latter instance pursuing a fleeing culprit while riding on a motorcycle. She said at the time that Pavia & Harcourt's efforts were run "much like a drug operation", and the successful rounding up of thousands of counterfeit accessories in 1986 was
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made up for her standardized test scores, which she described as "not comparable to her colleagues at Princeton and Yale." She would later say that there are cultural biases built into such testing and praised affirmative action for fulfilling "its purpose: to create the conditions whereby students
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On May 25, Obama informed Sotomayor of his choice; she later said, "I had my over my chest, trying to calm my beating heart, literally." On May 26, 2009, Obama nominated her. She became only the second jurist to be nominated to three different judicial positions by three different presidents. The
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urged Obama not to appoint Sotomayor, writing that "she's not nearly as smart as she seems to think she is," and that "her reputation for being something of a bully could well make her liberal impulses backfire and simply add to the fire power of the Roberts/Alito/Scalia/Thomas wing of the court."
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employee whose employer searched his office computer. She held that, "Even though had some expectation of privacy in the contents of his office computer, the investigatory searches by the DOT did not violate his Fourth Amendment rights" because here "there were reasonable grounds to believe" that
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Over her ten years on the Second Circuit, Sotomayor heard appeals in more than 3,000 cases and wrote about 380 opinions when she was in the majority. The Supreme Court reviewed five of those, reversing three and affirming two—not high numbers for an appellate judge of that many years and a typical
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and her getting unanimous approval from the committee. Then a Republican senator blocked her nomination and that of three others for a while in retaliation for an unrelated block Democrats had put on another nominee. D'Amato objected strongly; some weeks later, the block was dropped, and Sotomayor
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Sotomayor described her time at Princeton as life-changing. Initially, she felt like "a visitor landing in an alien country" coming from the Bronx and Puerto Rico. Princeton had few female students and fewer Latinos (about twenty). She was too intimidated to ask questions during her freshman year;
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describing it as "a compelling and powerfully written memoir about identity and coming of age. ... It's an eloquent and affecting testament to the triumph of brains and hard work over circumstance, of a childhood dream realized through extraordinary will and dedication." She staged a book tour to
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Court staff working for Sotomayor have suggested public institutions such as colleges and libraries where she has held lectures, speeches and other events to buy her books to have available for purchase, which reportedly earned Sotomayor $ 3.7 million. Her court staff has also been promoting
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Sotomayor's nomination won praise from Democrats and liberals, and Democrats appeared to have sufficient votes to confirm her. The strongest criticism of her nomination came from conservatives and some Republican senators regarding a line she had used in similar forms in a number of her speeches,
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doctrine—which allows suits against individuals working for the federal government for constitutional rights violations—could be applied to the case of a former prisoner seeking to sue the private company operating the federal halfway house facility in which he resided. The Supreme Court reversed
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and other sources and organizations. Several lawyers, legal experts, and news organizations identified her as someone with liberal inclinations. The Second Circuit's caseload typically skewed more toward business and securities law rather than hot-button social or constitutional issues. Sotomayor
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described, " embroiled in the sometimes tortured judicial politics of the Senate." Some in the Republican majority believed Clinton was eager to name the first Hispanic Supreme Court justice and that an easy confirmation to the appeals court would put Sotomayor in a better position for a possible
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from 1980 to 1992. There she was a top policy maker who worked actively with the organization's lawyers on issues such as New York City hiring practices, police brutality, the death penalty, and voting rights. The group achieved its most visible triumph when it successfully blocked a city primary
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in the fall of 1976. While she believes she again benefited from affirmative action to compensate for relatively low standardized test scores, a former dean of admissions at Yale has said that given her record at Princeton, it probably had little effect. At Yale she fit in well although she found
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Sotomayor has maintained a public presence, mostly through making speeches, since joining the federal judiciary and throughout her time on the Supreme Court. She gave over 180 speeches between 1993 and 2009, about half of which either focused on issues of ethnicity or gender or were delivered to
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received the most attention during the early nomination discussion, motivated by the Republican desire to focus on the reverse racial discrimination aspect of the case. In the midst of her confirmation process the Supreme Court overturned that ruling on June 29. A third line of Republican attack
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Sotomayor had made similar remarks in other speeches between 1994 and 2003, including one she submitted as part of her confirmation questionnaire for the Court of Appeals in 1998, but they had attracted little attention at the time. The remark now became widely known. The rhetoric quickly became
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to throw out its test for firefighters and start over with a new test, because the city believed the test had a "disparate impact" on minority firefighters. (No black firefighters qualified for promotion under the test, whereas some had qualified under tests used in previous years.) The city was
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after 232 days, the day before the new season was scheduled to begin. The Second Circuit upheld Sotomayor's decision and denied the owners' request to stay the ruling. The decision raised her profile, won her the plaudits of baseball fans, and had a lasting effect on the game. In the preparatory
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As a trial judge, she garnered a reputation for being well-prepared in advance of a case and moving cases along a tight schedule. Lawyers before her court viewed her as plain-spoken, intelligent, demanding, and sometimes somewhat unforgiving; one said, "She does not have much patience for people
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for suggesting during a recruiting dinner that she was at Yale only via affirmative action. Sotomayor refused to be interviewed by the firm further and filed her complaint with a faculty–student tribunal, which ruled in her favor. Her action triggered a campus-wide debate, and news of the firm's
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By the end of her fifth year on the Court, Sotomayor had become especially visible in oral arguments and in passionate dissents from various majority rulings, especially those involving issues of race, gender and ethnic identity. Sotomayor has shown her individuality on the Court in a number of
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for sufferers of AIDS. Despite being the youngest member of a board composed of strong personalities, she involved herself in the details of the operation and was effective. She was vocal in supporting the right to affordable housing, directing more funds to lower-income home owners, and in her
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The confirmation experience left Sotomayor somewhat angry; she said shortly afterwards that during the hearings, Republicans had assumed her political beliefs based on her being a Latina: "That series of questions, I think, were symbolic of a set of expectations that some people had I must be
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editorial page opined that the Clinton administration intended to "get her on to the Second Circuit, then elevate her to the Supreme Court as soon as an opening occurs"; the editorial criticized two of her district court rulings and urged further delay of her confirmation. The Republican block
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classes whom police had suspected of committing two robberies. A police investigator visited J.D.B. at school, where he was interrogated by the investigator, a uniformed police officer, and school officials. J.D.B. subsequently confessed to his crimes and was convicted. J.D.B. was not given a
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Across some 150 cases involving business and civil law, Sotomayor's rulings were generally unpredictable and not consistently pro-business or anti-business. Sotomayor's influence in the federal judiciary, as measured by the number of citations of her rulings by other judges and in law review
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In June 2010, the Bronxdale Houses development, where Sotomayor grew up, was renamed after her. The Justice Sonia Sotomayor Houses and Justice Sonia Sotomayor Community Center comprise 28 buildings with some 3,500 residents. While many New York housing developments are named after
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selection appeared to closely match Obama's presidential campaign promise that he would nominate judges who had "the heart, the empathy, to recognize what it's like to be a teenage mom. The empathy to understand what it's like to be poor, or African-American, or gay, or disabled, or old."
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custody analysis, Sotomayor wrote that "to hold... that a child's age is never relevant to whether a suspect has been taken into custody— and thus to ignore the very real differences between children and adults—would be to deny children the full scope of the procedural safeguards that
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and said, "Those who are bound by our decisions usually believe they can take us at our word ... Not today." Sotomayor stated further her opinion that the decision risked depriving "hundreds of Wheaton's employees and students of their legal entitlement to contraceptive coverage."
3583:. In her 2009 questionnaire response to the Senate Judiciary Committee considering her nomination, she listed "Sonia Sotomayor" as her current name, and "Sonia Maria Sotomayor", "Sonia Sotomayor de Noonan", "Sonia Maria Sotomayor Noonan", and "Sonia Noonan" as former names. See
1863:(2000), Sotomayor, writing for the court, supported the right of an individual to sue a private corporation working on behalf of the federal government for alleged violations of that individual's constitutional rights. Reversing a lower court decision, Sotomayor found that the
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phase of the case, Sotomayor informed the lawyers of both sides that, "I hope none of you assumed ... that my lack of knowledge of any of the intimate details of your dispute meant I was not a baseball fan. You can't grow up in the South Bronx without knowing about baseball."
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challenged these rules, which were part of the collective bargaining agreement between the NFL and its players, on antitrust grounds. Sotomayor held that Clarett's claim would upset the established "federal labor law favoring and governing the collective bargaining process".
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Sotomayor became the youngest judge in the Southern District and the first Hispanic federal judge in New York State. She became the first Puerto Rican woman to serve as a judge in a U.S. federal court. She was one of seven women among the district's 58 judges. She moved from
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to push the Senate leadership to bring Sotomayor's nomination to a vote. D'Amato, a backer of Sotomayor to begin with and additionally concerned about being up for re-election that year, helped move Republican leadership. Her nomination had been pending for over a year when
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for her children, something unusual in the housing projects. Despite the distance between the two, which became greater after her father's death and which was not fully reconciled until decades later, Sotomayor has credited her mother with being her "life inspiration".
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concurrence had been influential in calling out the need for a new basis in understanding privacy requirements in a world, as she wrote, "in which people reveal a great deal of information about themselves to third parties in the course of carrying out mundane tasks."
1059:. She was not afraid to venture into tough neighborhoods or endure squalid conditions in order to interview witnesses. In the courtroom, she was effective at cross examination and at simplifying a case in ways to which a jury could relate. In 1983, she helped convict
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on the island's mineral and ocean rights. She was a semi-finalist in the Barristers Union mock trial competition. She served as the co-chair of a group for Latin, Asian, and Native American students, and continued to advocate for the hiring of more Hispanic faculty.
2386:(holding that a child's age "generates commonsense conclusions about behavior and perception"). Sotomayor also pointed out that the law recognizes that a child's judgment is not the same as an adult's, in the form of legal disqualifications on children as a class (
1600:, which states that "the United States will no longer contribute to separate nongovernmental organizations which perform or actively promote abortion as a method of family planning in other nations." Sotomayor held that the policy did not constitute a violation of
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protected speech by the employee "away from the office, on own time", even if that speech was "offensive, hateful, and insulting", and that therefore the employee's First Amendment claim should have gone to trial rather than being dismissed on summary judgment.
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to slow down the Sotomayor nomination, and Leahy attributed that anonymous tactic to GOP reticence about publicly opposing a female Hispanic nominee. The prior month, Leahy had triggered a procedural delay in the confirmation of fellow Second Circuit nominee
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position. While there she created and co-taught a class called the Federal Appellate Externship each semester from 2000 until her departure; it combined classroom, moot court, and Second Circuit chambers work. She became a member of the Board of Trustees of
1698:(which struck down the District's gun ban as unconstitutional) did "not invalidate this longstanding principle". The panel upheld the lower court's decision dismissing Maloney's challenge to New York's law against possession of nunchucks. On June 2, 2009, a
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because of their concerns that the position might lead to a Supreme Court nomination but she was eventually confirmed in 1998. On the Second Circuit, Sotomayor heard appeals in more than 3,000 cases and wrote about 380 opinions. Sotomayor has taught at the
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Supreme Court nomination (despite there being no vacancy at the time nor any indication the Clinton administration was considering nominating her or any Hispanic). Therefore, the Republican majority decided to slow her confirmation. Radio commentator
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as a strong guarantee of the right of a defendant to confront his or her accusers. Sotomayor's judicial philosophy on the issue is seen as being in parity with Elena Kagan and, unexpectedly for Sotomayor, also in at least partial agreement with the
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every aspect of a case and tended to feature leaden, ungainly prose. Some legal experts have said that Sotomayor's attention to detail and re-examination of the facts of a case came close to overstepping the traditional role of appellate judges.
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said his tracking showed that Sotomayor's questioning patterns were no different from those of other members of the court and added, "Some lawyers just don't like to be questioned by a woman. was sexist, plain and simple." Sotomayor's
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In 1984, she entered private practice, joining the commercial litigation practice group of Pavia & Harcourt in Manhattan as an associate. One of 30 attorneys in the law firm, she specialized in intellectual property litigation,
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in the simultaneously published Spanish edition). It focuses on her life up to 1992, with recollections of growing up in housing projects in New York and descriptions of the challenges she faced. It received good reviews, with
1341:) of the work of freelancers it had published. Sotomayor ruled that the publisher had the right to license the freelancers' work. This decision was reversed on appeal, and the Supreme Court upheld the reversal; two dissenters (
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as the Vice President of the United States. It was considered historic as Sotomayor is the first woman of color to serve on the Supreme Court and Harris is the first woman, African-American, and Asian-American Vice President.
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claims in state courts by stockbrokers alleging misleading inducement to buy or sell stocks. The Supreme Court handed down an 8–0 decision stating that the Act did preempt such claims, thereby overruling Sotomayor's decision.
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violated by lack of adequate notice to him of his right to challenge a village order that his land should be used for a redevelopment project. However, the panel supported the village's taking of the property for public use.
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organization, which served as a social and political hub and sought more opportunities for Puerto Rican students. She worked in the admissions office, traveling to high schools and lobbying on behalf of her best prospects.
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and had a near-perfect attendance record. Although underage, Sotomayor worked at a local retail store and a hospital. Sotomayor has said that she was first inspired by the strong-willed children's book detective character
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On July 28, 2009, the Senate Judiciary Committee voted 13–6 in favor of Sotomayor's nomination, sending it to the full Senate for a final confirmation vote. Every Democrat voted in her favor, as did one Republican,
1132:, which she served on until 1992. As part of one of the largest urban rebuilding efforts in American history, the agency helped low-income people get home mortgages and to provide insurance coverage for housing and
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In addition to her law firm work, Sotomayor found visible public service roles. She was not connected to the party bosses that typically picked people for such jobs in New York, and indeed she was registered as an
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descent, who was appointed to the Court in 1932; however, his roots were uncertain, plus, the term "Hispanic" was not in use as an ethnic identifier at the time, and the Portuguese are generally excluded from its
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1468:—who, although advanced by Clinton and supported by Senator Moynihan, was considered much more acceptable by Republicans—in an unsuccessful effort to force earlier consideration of the Sotomayor confirmation.
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judges ask lawyers plenty of questions. Unprepared lawyers suffered the consequences, but the vigorous questioning was an aid to lawyers seeking to tailor their arguments to the judge's concerns. The 2009
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injections. Her father died of heart problems at age 42, when she was nine years old. After that, she became fluent in English. Celina Sotomayor put great stress on the value of education; she bought the
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796:. She put in long hours in the library and worked over summers with a professor outside of class, and gained skills, knowledge and confidence. She became a moderate student activist and co-chair of the
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doctrine could not be expanded to cover private entities working on behalf of the federal government. Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer dissented, siding with Sotomayor's original ruling.
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said that his interactions with Sotomayor had been "totally antithetical to this perception that has gotten some traction that she is somehow confrontational." Second Circuit Judge and former teacher
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2533:: "It may be necessary to reconsider the premise that an individual has no reasonable expectation of privacy in information voluntarily disclosed to third parties." The following year, federal judge
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that New York's law prohibiting out-of-state wineries from shipping directly to consumers in New York was constitutional even though in-state wineries were allowed to. The case, which invoked the
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1976:'s retirement plans leaked to the press, and Sotomayor received early attention as a possible nominee for Souter's seat to be vacated in June 2009. In May 2009, however, Harvard Law Professor
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Sotomayor was a member of the Second Circuit Task Force on Gender, Racial and Ethnic Fairness in the Courts. In October 2001, she presented the annual Judge Mario G. Olmos Memorial Lecture at
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and other Republican senators denounced such attacks but said that Sotomayor's approach was troubling. Backers of Sotomayor offered a variety of explanations in defense of the remark, and
1688:(1886), the Supreme Court held that the Second Amendment "is a limitation only upon the power of Congress and the national government, and not upon that of the state". With respect to the
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During 1998, several Hispanic organizations organized a petition drive in New York State, generating hundreds of signatures from New Yorkers to try to convince New York Republican senator
2581:(2014), Sotomayor joined Justice Scalia's dissent from an opinion finding no Fourth Amendment violation from a traffic stop and drug seizure based solely on an anonymous tip submitted to
2108:. On August 6, 2009, Sotomayor was confirmed by the full Senate by a vote of 68–31. All Democrats present, along with the Senate's two Independents plus nine Republicans, voted for her.
1849:(2001), she ruled that the license agreement of Netscape's Smart Download software did not constitute a binding contract because the system did not give "sufficient notice" to the user.
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lecture: "I would hope that a wise Latina woman with the richness of her experiences would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a white male who hasn't lived that life."
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During her tenure on the Court, Sotomayor has also become recognizable as being among the Court's strongest voices in supporting the rights of the accused. She has been identified by
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effective prosecutor." She stayed a typical length of time in the post and had a common reaction to the job: "After a while, you forget there are decent, law-abiding people in life."
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2266:. Sotomayor became the first Hispanic and fourth woman to administer the oath to a president or vice president. On January 20, 2021, Sotomayor administered the oath of office to
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Sotomayor cast her first vote as an associate Supreme Court justice on August 17, 2009, in a stay of execution case. She was given a warm welcome onto the Court and was formally
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832:, saying the school discriminated in its hiring and admission practices. The university began to hire Latino faculty, and Sotomayor established an ongoing dialogue with Bowen.
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included Sotomayor on its list of "The 75 Most Influential People of the 21st Century". In 2013, Sotomayor won the Woodrow Wilson Award at her alma mater Princeton University.
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father and a mother who was emotionally distant; she felt closest to her grandmother, who she later said was a source of "protection and purpose". Sotomayor was diagnosed with
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President Obama commissioned Sotomayor on the day of her confirmation, and her swearing-in ceremony took place on August 8, 2009, at the Supreme Court Building. Chief Justice
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on May 26, 2009, and has served since August 8, 2009. She is the third woman, first woman of color, the first Hispanic and the first Latina to serve on the Supreme Court.
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1969:, to the Supreme Court if a vacancy should arise during his term. The White House first contacted Sotomayor on April 27, 2009, about the possibility of her nomination.
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2770:'s home, shooting her husband and killing her son. The gunman had subsequently killed himself, after which his detailed planning notes regarding Sotomayor were found.
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said, "She used her questioning to make a point, as opposed to really looking for an answer to a question she did not understand." In contrast, Second Circuit Judge
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from 1998 to 2007. There she taught trial and appellate advocacy as well as a federal appellate court seminar. Beginning in 1999, she was also a lecturer in law at
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tended to write narrow, practiced rulings that relied on close application of the law to the facts of a case rather than import general philosophical viewpoints. A
742:, but after her diabetes diagnosis led her doctors to suggest a different career path, she was inspired to pursue a legal career and become a judge by watching the
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to publish a memoir about the early part of her life. She received an advance of nearly $ 1.2 million for the work, which was published in January 2013 and titled
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poll showed 58% of the public disagreeing with her "wise Latina" remark but 67% saying the remark should not disqualify her from serving on the Supreme Court. The
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there were few Latino students. She was known as a hard worker but she was not considered among the star students in her class. Yale General Counsel and professor
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8726:"Schumer, Gillibrand make direct appeal to President Obama recommending he nominate the first Latino to the Supreme Court should a vacancy occur during his term"
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television series. She reflected in 1998: "I was going to college and I was going to become an attorney, and I knew that when I was ten. Ten. That's no jest."
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As a student activist, Sotomayor focused on faculty hiring and curriculum, since Princeton did not have a single full-time Latino professor nor any class on
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On August 14, 1976, just after graduating from Princeton, Sotomayor married Kevin Edward Noonan, whom she had dated since high school, in a small chapel at
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There have been some deviations from the ideological pattern. In a 2013 book on the Roberts Court, author Marcia Coyle assessed Sotomayor's position on the
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Academically, Sotomayor stumbled her first year at Princeton, but later received almost all A-grades in her final two years of college. Sotomayor wrote her
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2571:(2013), Sotomayor wrote the majority opinion holding that a warrant is required before police take a nonconsensual blood test of a motorist suspected of
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763:. She graduated as valedictorian in 1972. Meanwhile, the Bronxdale Houses had fallen victim to increasing heroin use, crime, and the emergence of the
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2206:. As her first year neared completion, Sotomayor said she felt swamped by the intensity and heavy workload of the job. During the oral arguments for
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Sotomayor had wanted to become a judge since she was in elementary school, and in 1991 she was recommended for a spot by Democratic New York senator
462:, New York City, to Puerto Rican-born parents. Her father died when she was nine, and she was subsequently raised by her mother. Sotomayor graduated
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precedent, the panel stated that only the Supreme Court has "the prerogative of overruling its own decisions," and the recent Supreme Court case of
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opinion noted that the Supreme Court has not, so far, ever held that the Second Amendment is binding against state governments. On the contrary, in
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11982:"Mayor Bloomberg and New York City Housing Authority Chairman Rhea Rename Bronx Development in Honor of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor"
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minority or women's groups. While on the Supreme Court she has been invited to give commencement addresses at a number of universities including
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polls showed that the public was now sharply divided, largely along partisan and ideological lines, as to whether Sotomayor should be confirmed.
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reporter at the time that "Princeton is following a policy of benign neutrality and is not making substantive efforts to change." She also wrote
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2705:. On June 19, 2009, Sotomayor resigned from the Belizean Grove after Republican politicians voiced concerns over the group's membership policy.
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2027:, saying that while life experience shapes who one is, "ultimately and completely" a judge follows the law regardless of personal background.
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as a centrist during this period. In criminal cases, she gained a reputation for tough sentencing and was not viewed as a pro-defense judge. A
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hearings, led by a friendly Democratic majority, went smoothly for her in June 1992, with her pro bono activities winning praise from Senator
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released a week after the nomination showed 54% of Americans in favor of Sotomayor's confirmation compared with 28% in opposition. A June 12
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President Barack Obama meets with Judge Sonia Sotomayor and Vice President Joe Biden prior to an announcement in the East Room, May 26, 2009.
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in New York for four and a half years before entering private practice in 1984. She played an active role on the boards of directors for the
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and other Supreme Court Fourth Amendment jurisprudence sent the message "that you are not the citizen of a democracy but the subject of a
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1445:. After a long wait, she was approved by the committee in March 1998, with only two dissensions. However, in June 1998, the influential
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The speech recapitulated many thoughts and exact phrases she had previously given before a 1994 panel on women in the judiciary. See
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Confirmation Hearing On The Nomination Of Hon. Sonia Sotomayor, To Be An Associate Justice Of The Supreme Court Of The United States
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and served on the university's student–faculty Discipline Committee, which issued rulings on student infractions. She also ran an
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1604:, as "the government is free to favor the anti-abortion position over the pro-choice position, and can do so with public funds."
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in a September 8 ceremony. Sotomayor's inaugural case in which she heard arguments was on September 9 during a special session,
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In 2020, Justice Sotomayor was reportedly targeted by the same gunman, an angry lawyer, who entered U.S. District Court Judge
1817:'s eligibility rules requiring players to wait three full seasons after high school graduation before entering the NFL draft.
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McKinley, James (April 2, 1995). "Tough on the Bench: Judge who issued injunction against owners gets high marks by peers".
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in 2002. She was given the Outstanding Latino Professional Award in 2006 by the Latino/a Law Students Association. In 2008,
2380:(holding that a child's age "would have affected how a reasonable person" would "perceive his or her freedom to leave") and
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for proper paragraphing. Excessively long, run-on paragraphs need to be split into multiple paragraphs of moderate length
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scheduled the vote. With complete Democratic support, and support from 25 Republican senators including Judiciary chair
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from disadvantaged backgrounds could be brought to the starting line of a race many were unaware was even being run."
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study found that in such cases, Sotomayor generally handed out longer sentences than her colleagues, especially when
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could terminate from his desk job an employee who sent racist materials through the mail. Sotomayor argued that the
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of Illinois, a religiously affiliated university, an exemption from complying with the Affordable Care Act (ACA)'s
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victory, speculation arose that Sotomayor could be a leading candidate for a Supreme Court seat. New York Senators
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liberal. It is stereotyping, and stereotyping is perhaps the most insidious of all problems in our society today."
1003:
619:. Sonia's younger brother, Juan Sotomayor (born c. 1957), later became a physician and university professor in the
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1106:. At other times, she dealt with dry legal issues such as grain export contract disputes. In a 1986 appearance on
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Shepard, Scott (November 24, 2008). "Speculation Already Under Way on Possible Obama Supreme Court Nominations".
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gave her a unanimous "well qualified" assessment, its highest mark for professional qualification. Following the
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stated that Sotomayor's word choice in 2001 had been "poor". Sotomayor subsequently clarified her remark through
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1900:(2003 and 2005), a takings case, Sotomayor first ruled in 2003 for a unanimous panel that a property owner in
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or children's books. Use of government staff is prohibited for such activities in other government branches.
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2472:, in which the conservative bloc had prevailed, was opposed by the court's three female members: Sotomayor,
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addressing the same issues. Acción Puertorriqueña filed a formal letter of complaint in April 1974 with the
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before moving in 1957 to the well-maintained, racially and ethnically mixed, working-class Bronxdale Houses
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2480:. Writing in dissent, Sotomayor wrote that the case was at odds with the majority's previous statements in
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was an influence on Sotomayor in adopting a narrow, "just the facts" approach to judicial decision-making.
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1487:, Sotomayor was confirmed on October 2, 1998, by a 67–29 vote. She received her commission on October 7.
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Based upon another recommendation from Cabranes, Sotomayor was a member of the board of directors of the
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grounds. While a 6–3 majority of the Court agreed that the law was an unconstitutional violation of the
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and the rights of corporations in campaign finance; Sotomayor dissented. In her vigorous examination of
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Sotomayor was part of the three-judge Second Circuit panel that affirmed the district court's ruling in
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Following her second year, she gained a job as a summer associate with the prominent New York law firm
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administered the prescribed constitutional and judicial oaths of office, at which time she became the
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in her Brooklyn apartment. She performed legal consulting work, often for friends or family members.
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The two left Puerto Rico separately, met, and married during World War II after Celina served in the
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Judge Sonia Sotomayor with her godson at the United States Court of Appeals signing ceremony in 1998
1313:. Sotomayor ruled that the public had "a substantial interest" in viewing the note and enjoined the
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Silva, Mark (June 2, 2009). "Sotomayor's confirmation backed by majority of Americans, poll says".
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wrote a joint letter to Obama urging him to appoint Sotomayor, or alternatively Interior Secretary
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Sotomayor has used Maria as a middle name in the past but seems to have discontinued its use. See
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1941:
17486:
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16949:
15534:
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1601:
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to serve on the Supreme Court, and is one of six women who have served on the Court, along with
1764:
and was overruled in a 5–4 decision that found the law was discriminatory and unconstitutional.
662:. The extended family got together frequently and regularly visited Puerto Rico during summers.
650:(which has over time been thought as part of both the East Bronx and South Bronx). In 2010, the
558:, and is known for her impassioned dissents on issues of race and ethnic identity, including in
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11526:"The Bronx, the Bench and the Life in Between: 'My Beloved World,' a Memoir by Sonia Sotomayor"
11049:"WHOLE WOMAN'S HEALTH ET AL. v. JACKSON, JUDGE, DISTRICT COURT OF TEXAS, 114TH DISTRICT, ET AL"
10457:
Alex Greer. "Ranking the Most Liberal Modern Supreme Court Justices". July 6, 2015. InsideGov.
7985:
6278:
5108:
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5013:
4937:
4856:
4759:
3836:
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2892:
2468:
2382:
2160:
2124:
1901:
1779:
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1426:
weighed in that Sotomayor was an ultraliberal who was on a "rocket ship" to the highest court.
1327:
1179:, a Manhattan-based non-profit group which focused on improving the quality of maternity care.
1121:. Instead, District Attorney Morgenthau, an influential figure, served as her patron. In 1987,
938:
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8765:
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7814:
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4578:
4277:
Shallwani, Pervaiz (May 27, 2009). "Resident in Sotomayor's old Bronx apartment feels pride".
4167:
3986:
3099:
2884:
well-known people, this was only the second to be named after a former resident. In 2011, the
2084:
Sotomayor before the Senate Judiciary Committee for the first day of hearings on July 13, 2009
1196:. Moynihan had an unusual bipartisan arrangement with his fellow New York senator, Republican
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2416:(a federal law that criminalized false statements about having received a military medal) on
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regarded her as a valuable and strong mentor, and she said that she viewed them like family.
1281:
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1169:
879:
856:
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627:
341:
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11894:
11081:"Judge Sonia Sotomayor, former adjunct professor at NYU Law, nominated to the Supreme Court"
8048:
6659:
3144:
2008:
calling Sotomayor a "racist" (although the latter later backtracked from that claim), while
1760:, was appealed and attached to another case. The case reached the Supreme Court later on as
1385:
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13352:
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12371:
11623:"Report: Supreme Court Justice Sotomayor Targeted By Gunman Who Killed Federal Judge's Son"
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8729:
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wrote that an "unexpected civil libertarian alliance" was developing between Sotomayor and
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1228:
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897:
780:
631:
612:
526:
491:
469:
282:
15969:
13678:
12998:
10798:"The Supreme Court sided against birth control again, and Sotomayor is not happy about it"
3149:
The International Judge: An Introduction to the Men and Women who Decide the World's Cases
912:
acted as an early mentor to her to successfully transition and work within "the system".
8:
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12494:
Supreme Court Associate Justice Nomination Hearings on Sonia Maria Sotomayor in July 2009
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10714:"Supreme Court Justice Sotomayor's staff prodded colleges and libraries to buy her books"
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1791:(not written by Sotomayor) affirming the lower court's ruling. Sotomayor's former mentor
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9953:
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Smith, Jennifer (May 27, 2009). "Discipline, drive push Sotomayor from Bronx to bench".
3056:
Sotomayor, Sonia (1999). "La Independencia Judicial: Que Necesitamos Para Conservarla".
1792:
1672:, which at the time were illegal in New York; Maloney argued that this law violated his
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10046:"Amy Coney Barrett confirmed to the Supreme Court, giving conservatives a 6-3 majority"
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2438:(2012), Sotomayor was part of a 5–4 majority that upheld most of the provisions of the
2421:
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2309:"in defense of robust due process rights and skepticism of law enforcement overreach."
2096:
as following applicable precedent. When asked whom she admired, she pointed to Justice
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The five Catholics serving at the time Sotomayor joined the Court were: John Roberts,
2928:, awarded annually to "an individual who has had a transformative impact on society."
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Warring factions: interest groups, money, and the new politics of Senate confirmation
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1204:
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768:
607:. Juan Sotomayor had a third-grade education, did not speak English, and worked as a
510:
180:
137:
11314:"Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor sings New York's praises at NYU commencement"
10192:
8606:
Didden v. Village of Port Chester, 173 Fed.Appx. 931, 2006 WL 898093 (2d Cir. 2006).
7676:
7084:
7042:
6696:
3585:
United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary: Questionnaire for Judicial Nominees
1084:. She later said, "I wanted to complete myself as an attorney." Although she had no
17400:
17065:
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14300:
14089:
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12752:
11950:"Sotomayor '76 wins Woodrow Wilson Award, Rawlings GS '70 wins James Madison Medal"
11746:
11521:
9926:
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9472:
8351:
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6385:
5496:"United States Senate Committee on Judiciary - Questionnaire for Judicial Nominees"
5144:
4374:
3809:
3439:
3372:
3281:
3116:
3107:
3100:"Statehood and the Equal Footing Doctrine: The Case for Puerto Rican Seabed Rights"
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560:
482:
439:
367:
286:
16018:
9787:"Sotomayor Confirmed as First Hispanic Supreme Court Justice in Victory for Obama"
8889:
7106:
Murray, Frank J. (May 29, 1998). "Leahy pushes in public, undermines in private".
2376:
guarantees to adults". Sotomayor's opinion cited the Court's earlier decisions in
1358:(also in 1997), Sotomayor ruled that a book of trivia from the television program
670:
17428:
17127:
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17019:
17004:
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14834:
14773:
14768:
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14004:
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13470:
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12832:
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12467:
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8213:
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8025:
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5348:
5274:
4317:"Judge's Journey to Top: Bronx' Sotomayor Rose From Projects to Court of Appeals"
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2855:
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2731:
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2534:
2511:
On the Court, Sotomayor has taken positions in favor of an expansive view of the
2500:
2447:
2350:
2228:
2213:
1958:
1818:
1554:
1442:
1306:
in its efforts to obtain and publish a photocopy of the last note left by former
1039:
922:
904:
892:
702:
616:
572:
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477:
292:
32:
17624:
Judges of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York
11386:
3458:
2903:
was unveiled at the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C.
2697:
in 2006, concluding her term in 2011. In 2008, Sotomayor became a member of the
2325:
513:
in 1991; confirmation followed in 1992. In 1997, she was nominated by President
17308:
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17137:
17117:
17107:
17102:
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16934:
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14551:
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14471:
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14364:
14094:
14054:
14049:
13616:
13586:
13554:
13524:
13500:
13482:
13390:
13340:
13328:
13128:
13122:
13110:
13050:
12912:
12816:
12784:
12772:
12740:
12578:
12548:
12437:"Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court – Sonia Sotomayor – Questionnaire"
12330:
12302:
10528:"Justice Sonia Sotomayor to administer vice presidential oath to Kamala Harris"
10279:
10270:
9189:
8081:
7073:"The Estrada Nomination: The Misquote Of Senator Patrick Leahy, On Filibusters"
5221:"Federal Judge Sonia Sotomayor Likely to Be on Obama's Supreme Court Shortlist"
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2984:
2815:
2702:
2698:
2664:
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2554:
2516:
2451:
2364:
2288:
2236:
2203:
2105:
1977:
1919:
1703:
1566:
1364:
infringed on the copyright of the show's producer and did not constitute legal
1346:
1138:
1034:
On the recommendation of Cabranes, Sotomayor was hired out of law school as an
887:
814:
626:
Sotomayor was raised a Catholic and grew up in Puerto Rican communities in the
204:
149:
11439:
11413:
9528:
2258:
On January 20 and 21, 2013, Sotomayor administered the oath to Vice President
2119:
justice (99th associate justice) of the Supreme Court. Sotomayor is the first
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14808:
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13031:
12980:
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12736:
12363:
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8914:
8162:
7737:
7277:
7080:
5673:"Hispanics Praise Selection of Sotomayor for Supreme Court; Republicans Wary"
5383:"Washington Is Home (for Now at Least), but Sotomayor Stays True to New York"
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2723:
2627:
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2506:
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anti-illegal immigration law were preempted by federal immigration statutes.
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2024:
2005:
1998:
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1472:
1456:
1423:
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1157:
1153:
875:
859:
for local children, and volunteered as an interpreter for Latino patients at
819:
734:
12133:"Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor Named 2024 Radcliffe Medal Recipient"
10420:"SCOTUSblog Statpack for the 2009 Term, chart of agreement between justices"
7551:"Sotomayor's Appellate Opinions Are Unpredictable, Lawyers and Scholars Say"
6352:
6204:
4372:
Burch, Audra D.S. (May 28, 2009). "Sonia Sotomayor's mom shares spotlight".
3511:"Sotomayor Would Be Sixth Catholic Justice, but the Pigeonholing Ends There"
2595:, that an officer who fired six shots at a fleeing fugitive in a high-speed
2442:(while being part of a dissent against the reliance upon the Constitution's
1569:
as an acceptable nominee to fill the seat of retiring Supreme Court Justice
792:
her writing and vocabulary skills were weak and she lacked knowledge in the
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16944:
16939:
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16919:
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16729:
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16699:
16684:
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16659:
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12836:
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12276:
11187:
10275:"After Stevens. What will the Supreme Court be without its liberal leader?"
9669:
9243:
9212:"Republicans Begin to Find Voice on Racial Aspects of Sotomayor Nomination"
6005:"National Hispanic Heritage Month 2000: Profile -- Week 4: Sonia Sotomayor"
5929:"Little Information Given About Solo Law Practice Run by Sotomayor in '80s"
5352:
4820:
3402:
2767:
2550:
2466:. The ruling, which came the immediate wake of the Court's 5–4 decision in
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2016:
1973:
1950:
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964:
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542:
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125:
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82:
12411:
12042:"The Women Of The Supreme Court Now Have The Badass Portrait They Deserve"
11713:"Obama taps Northeastern honorary degree recipient for U.S. Supreme Court"
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9462:
8839:
8653:
8497:
7449:
4432:"Dreams live on at Sotomayor's old school, Blessed Sacrament in the Bronx"
3837:"In Puerto Rico, Supreme Court Pick With Island Roots Becomes a Superstar"
1565:
In 2005, Senate Democrats suggested Sotomayor, among others, to President
1503:
Sotomayor's circuit court rulings led to her being considered a political
1433:, Sotomayor parried strong questioning from some Republican members about
866:
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7232:
6039:
5707:
Powell, Michael, Kovaleski, Serge F., and Buettner, Russ (July 9, 2009).
5172:"Princeton alumna Sonia Sotomayor nominated to the Supreme Court: Images"
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2293:
2252:
2176:
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2132:
2050:
2009:
1966:
1647:
that unanimously affirmed, in an opinion written by Second Circuit Judge
1509:
1484:
1460:
1405:. Her nomination was initially expected to have smooth sailing, with the
1219:
1125:
1081:
1048:
10453:
10451:
10077:"Ketanji Brown Jackson Becomes First Black Female Supreme Court Justice"
5854:"As He Seeks a 4th Term, Morgenthau Confronts First Sustained Criticism"
443:; born June 25, 1954) is an American lawyer and jurist who serves as an
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17393:
17085:
16959:
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16844:
16679:
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16581:
16496:
16371:
16281:
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15084:
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14597:
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12868:
12072:"Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor Honored With 2015 Hepburn Medal"
10426:
9060:
8170:
7745:
6406:
2390:, limitations on a child's ability to marry without parental consent).
2171:. O'Connor is not wearing a robe because she is retired from the Court.
1678:
1480:
1438:
1338:
836:
739:
698:
12693:
3767:
3128:
17513:
16889:
16814:
16644:
16321:
16276:
16104:
15918:
15302:
15049:
14486:
13248:
12724:
10448:
10049:
9087:
9029:"White House Seeks to Pave Smooth Path to Confirmation for Sotomayor"
8923:
5104:"At Princeton, Sotomayor '76 excelled at academics, extracurriculars"
4816:"Princeton University holds the key to understanding Sonia Sotomayor"
3344:
3325:
List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 3)
2596:
2259:
1669:
1559:
1102:
celebrated by "Fendi Crush", a destruction-by-garbage-truck event at
1098:
635:
585:
459:
56:
12368:
Breaking in: the rise of Sonia Sotomayor and the politics of justice
11653:"Harris to be sworn in as vice president by Justice Sonia Sotomayor"
6243:"A Long Record on Campaign Finance, Often in Support of Regulations"
5569:
4014:"Supreme Court nominee's brother hails from Syracuse suburb of Clay"
2888:, a public high school complex in Los Angeles, was named after her.
2363:
warning during the interrogation, nor an opportunity to contact his
17619:
Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
17374:
17301:
17009:
16306:
15913:
15358:
12720:
12395:
11282:
9883:"Sotomayor Becomes First Hispanic Justice in Supreme Court History"
9467:
8867:
8834:
8234:
6760:
Silverman v. Major League Baseball Player Relations Committee, Inc.
3120:
2301:
2054:
1504:
1365:
1360:
1274:
Silverman v. Major League Baseball Player Relations Committee, Inc.
851:
and politics. Sotomayor joined the governance board of Princeton's
793:
17684:
United States district court judges appointed by George H. W. Bush
12503:
11115:"Obama picks Columbia lecturer Sotomayor as Supreme Court nominee"
9606:
8686:"Sonia Sotomayor: Obama's Supreme Court Replacement for Ginsburg?"
7447:
5973:"Nominee's civil practice was with a small, but specialized, firm"
4245:"Woman in the News; Strike-Zone Arbitrator — Sonia Sotomayor"
3147:. In Terris, Daniel; Romano, Cesare P. R.; Swigart, Leigh (eds.).
2810:
Memorial Lecture at Arizona State University as the guest of honor
2458:
In 2014, Sotomayor dissented from a 6–3 ruling that granted
2143:(since 2022). Sotomayor's appointment gave the Court a record six
1141:, although in the end she voted in favor of most of the projects.
158:
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York
16744:
12475:"SCOTUSBlog: Judge Sotomayor's Appellate Opinions in Civil Cases"
10827:
10018:
9531:"Sotomayor Emphasizes Objectivity, Explains 'Wise Latina' Remark"
9403:"Public Support for Sotomayor Falls After Supreme Court Reversal"
9186:"Gibbs Says Sotomayor Word Choice in Speech Was 'Poor' (Update1)"
4728:"Cricket, Ivy League classmates startled student Sonia Sotomayor"
4499:"Sotomayor was schoolgirl with focus, determination, friends say"
3876:"Sotomayor Opens Up About Childhood, Marriage In 'Beloved World'"
3771:
1796:
1618:(2002), Sotomayor dissented from her colleagues' ruling that the
1145:
1133:
1052:
844:
706:
588:. Her father was Juan Sotomayor (c. 1921–1964), from the area of
9529:
Barnes, Robert, Kane, Paul, and Goldstein, Amy (July 15, 2009).
9269:
6276:
6099:"Sotomayor is tough judge with breadstick habit, colleagues say"
3199:"A Latina Judge's Voice (Judge Mario G. Olmos Memorial Lecture)"
1203:
Sotomayor was thus nominated on November 27, 1991, by President
1093:
goods. In some cases, Sotomayor went on-site with the police to
17679:
United States court of appeals judges appointed by Bill Clinton
12430:
11001:
Police Violence, Constitutional Complicity, and Another Vantage
9236:
4340:"Latina pride presents challenge and opportunity for Sotomayor"
4165:
2314:
1742:
the search would reveal evidence of "work-related misconduct".
1094:
900:, which would be reflected in her later speeches and writings.
812:
in her sophomore year saw no results, with Sotomayor telling a
8797:"Inside Obama's Court Deliberations: Sotomayor Most Mentioned"
8766:"Speeches Show Judge's Steady Focus on Diversity and Struggle"
8226:
8224:
8222:
6444:"Sotomayor's District Court Bid Aided by D'Amato and Moynihan"
4897:
3340:
List of United States Supreme Court justices by time in office
3071:"Returning Majesty to the Law and Politics: A Modern Approach"
1231:
on August 11, 1992, and received her commission the next day.
17387:
11559:"Shuttling justice: Sotomayor administers oaths, sells books"
11414:"Sesame Street: Sonia Sotomayor: "The Justice Hears a Case.""
11148:"Eight new trustees named, Hall to chair executive committee"
10925:
10684:"The unexpected alliance of Sonia Sotomayor and Neil Gorsuch"
9086:
4975:
4689:
2582:
2196:
Sotomayor's first major written opinion was a dissent in the
1750:
In 2004, Sotomayor was part of the judge panel that ruled in
1090:
937:). She published a law review note on the effect of possible
592:, and her mother was Celina Báez (1927–2021), an orphan from
12190:
Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University
11311:
10326:"Sotomayor votes reliably with Supreme Court's liberal wing"
9092:"Sotomayor's 'wise Latina' comment a staple of her speeches"
6657:
6032:
5570:
Weiser, Benjamin & Rashbaum, William K. (June 7, 2009).
3654:
3371:
Some sources claim that this distinction belongs to Justice
1055:, assaults, and murders. She also worked on cases involving
521:. Her appointment to the court of appeals was slowed by the
417:
12596:
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
9609:"Queries on Abortion and Guns Fail to Break Judge's Stride"
9607:
Stolberg, Sheryl Gay & Lewis, Neil A. (July 15, 2009).
9576:"Republican senators question Sotomayor on abortion issues"
9377:"FOX News Poll: 46 Percent Would Vote To Confirm Sotomayor"
8219:
7742:"Judge Sotomayor and Race – Results from the Full Data Set"
7448:
Henning, Anna C. & Thomas, Kenneth R. (June 19, 2009).
4935:
4852:"Latin student groups assail university hiring performance"
4538:
4483:
3956:"Woman in the News: Sotomayor, a Trailblazer and a Dreamer"
3335:
List of Roman Catholic United States Supreme Court justices
2701:, an invitation-only women's group modeled after the men's
1918:
ruling. The Second Circuit's reasoning drew criticism from
1530:; titled "A Latina Judge's Voice"; it was published in the
1175:
During 1985 and 1986, Sotomayor served on the board of the
445:
associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
408:
402:
396:
385:
376:
48:
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
17604:
Current justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
12511:
2009-08-06, National Records and Archives Administration,
11832:"Bronx Native Sotomayor Presented With Honorary Doctorate"
10193:"Sotomayor Issues Challenge to a Century of Corporate Law"
10015:"In a NY Minute: Kagan Quickly Confirmed to Supreme Court"
9665:"Left and right both let down by Sonia Sotomayor hearings"
9497:
9056:"Sotomayor Repeatedly Referenced 'Wise Woman' in Speeches"
8010:
8008:
7154:"U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 105th Congress – 2nd Session"
7013:"After Delay, Senate Approves Judge for Court in New York"
6694:
4615:"Sotomayor says she was 'perfect affirmative action baby'"
3320:
List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
2507:
Fourth Amendment, privacy rights, & qualified immunity
1239:, back to the Bronx in order to live within her district.
751:
Sotomayor passed the entrance tests for and then attended
17368:
13734:
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York
12335:
Uncertain Justice: The Roberts Court and the Constitution
11562:
10531:
8890:"Letter from Laurence H. Tribe to President Barack Obama"
8716:
7450:"Judge Sonia Sotomayor: An Analysis of Selected Opinions"
6411:"Why did George H.W. Bush pick Sotomayor for the courts?"
5757:
4695:
4658:"On a Supreme Court Prospect's Résumé: 'Baseball Savior'"
3879:
2924:
In 2024, Sotomayor received the Radcliffe Medal from the
2367:. In determining that a child's age properly informs the
2070:
1355:
Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group
1209:
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York
755:
in the Bronx. At Cardinal Spellman, Sotomayor was on the
548:
to the Supreme Court following the retirement of Justice
507:
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York
414:
382:
13724:
9573:
9270:
Herszenhorn, David M. & Hulse, Carl (June 2, 2009).
8458:
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. v. Dabit
6277:
Hernandez, Raymond & Chen, David W. (May 28, 2009).
2862:(2014), and an honorary doctorate of human letters from
1828:
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. v. Dabit
1702:
panel, including the prominent and heavily cited judges
1412:
giving her a "well qualified" professional assessment.
9757:"Senate Confirms Sonia Sotomayor to U.S. Supreme Court"
9697:"Senate Judiciary Committee votes to confirm Sotomayor"
9237:
Vogel, Kenneth P. & Gerstein, Josh (June 1, 2009).
8919:"Sotomayor says Obama's job offer set her heart racing"
8005:
7712:"'Latina woman' remark may dominate Sotomayor hearings"
7406:"Inside the Moderately Liberal Mind of Sonia Sotomayor"
7304:
6662:
Latinas in the United States: A Historical Encyclopedia
6308:
Barnes, Robert & Shear, Michael D. (May 29, 2009).
6033:
Carter, Terry; Stephanie Francis Ward (November 2008).
5201:"ΦΒΚ Member Sonia Sotomayor Joins U.S. Supreme Court".
4199:"Close Read: A Motorcycle, a playground, and a justice"
4166:
Alvarez, Lizette & Wilson, Michael (May 29, 2009).
2435:
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
2394:
Samuel Alito, jointed by three other justices, wrote a
2354:
purposes. J.D.B. was a 13-year-old student enrolled in
2209:
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
1393:
On June 25, 1997, Sotomayor was nominated by President
17689:
United States federal judges appointed by Barack Obama
11349:"Yale awards 10 honorary degrees at 2013 Commencement"
11272:
11270:
10952:
Sonia Sotomayor Takes a Stand Against Police Brutality
8983:"Sotomayor hearing: Republicans get their last chance"
8763:
7881:. Fox News Channel. September 22, 2005. Archived from
7812:
7612:"Uncertain Evidence for 'Activist' Label on Sotomayor"
6495:"Sotomayor no stranger to Senate confirmation process"
6212:"Board Members – New York City Campaign Finance Board"
4898:
Nicholas, Peter & Oliphant, James (May 30, 2009).
3621:"Judge of the United States Courts – Sotomayor, Sonia"
3300:
Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States
2255:
reading of Antonin Scalia when applied to the clause.
1870:
Sotomayor's ruling in a 5–4 decision, saying that the
12308:
The Oath: The Obama White House and The Supreme Court
12281:
In the Balance: Law and Politics on the Roberts Court
12152:
10824:"Supreme Court upholds portions of Arizona's SB 1070"
9914:
9856:"Sotomayor takes oath, becomes Supreme Court justice"
8198:
8196:
8194:
8192:
8167:"Judge Sotomayor's Appellate Opinions in Civil Cases"
8126:
8124:
7815:"Sotomayor's Blunt Style Raises Issue of Temperament"
6815:"Sotomayor's Baseball Ruling Lingers, 14 Years Later"
6441:
6310:"Abortion Rights Backers Get Reassurances on Nominee"
5823:"Sotomayor was nudged into judgeship, associates say"
5572:"Sotomayor Is Recalled as a Driven Rookie Prosecutor"
5307:
4976:
Goldstein, Amy & MacGillis, Alex (June 1, 2009).
4757:
4690:
Ludden, Jennifer & Weeks, Linton (May 26, 2009).
1831:(2005), Sotomayor wrote a unanimous opinion that the
1783:
concerned that minority firefighters might sue under
1441:, and her level of respect for Supreme Court Justice
1370:
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
1280:, preventing it from unilaterally implementing a new
654:
were renamed in her honor. Her relative proximity to
393:
390:
379:
373:
339:
Sonia Sotomayor delivers the opinion of the Court in
103:
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
17584:
Cardinal Spellman High School (New York City) alumni
12253:
The Roberts Court: The Struggle for the Constitution
12178:
11917:"The 75 Most Influential People of the 21st Century"
11492:"Justice Sotomayor gets over $ 1 million for memoir"
10495:
Nakamura, David; Barnes, Robert (January 20, 2013).
9302:"Did Firefighters Stand a Chance Against Sotomayor?"
8498:"Are Browse Wrap (Terms of Use) Agreements Binding?"
7849:"Taking the measure of Sotomayor's courtroom manner"
6979:"Sotomayor rated 'well qualified' by lawyers' group"
6697:"Nominee's Criminal Rulings Tilt to Right of Souter"
6658:
Ruíz, Vicki; Korrol, Virginia Sánchez, eds. (2006).
5101:
3953:
3655:
Shane, Scott & Fernandez, Mandy (May 27, 2009).
3243:
2313:
Sotomayor's commercial events aimed to sell her own
1276:, Sotomayor issued a preliminary injunction against
1172:
boundaries diminished the power of minority voters.
767:
gang. In 1970, the family found refuge by moving to
399:
16048:
11267:
10497:"Obama officially begins his second term with oath"
9724:"Sotomayor confirmed by Senate judiciary committee"
9498:Quinn, Andrew & Vicini, James (July 14, 2009).
9272:"Parties Plot Strategy as Sotomayor Visits Capitol"
9151:"Gingrich backtracks on calling Sotomayor a racist"
8710:
8615:
8383:"US top court rules against city on race promotion"
8111:
8109:
8107:
7328:"Sotomayor: A liberal record – but not entirely so"
5926:
5754:"Sotomayor's Real-World Schooling In Law And Order"
5751:
5605:"A Small Whittling Down Of Federal Bench Vacancies"
4936:Kantor, Jodi & Gonzalez, David (June 6, 2009).
4539:Goldstein, Amy & Markon, Jerry (May 27, 2009).
3987:"Family hails Sonia Sotomayor's Puerto Rican roots"
3984:
3367:
3365:
1833:
Securities Litigation Uniform Standards Act of 1998
584:Sotomayor was born in the New York City borough of
411:
405:
370:
17629:Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
12250:
12161:"Justice Sonia Sotomayor at Harvard Radcliffe Day"
11440:"Sesame Street: Sonia Sotomayor and Abby – Career"
10892:Sonia Sotomayor Stands Up for the Fourth Amendment
10319:
10317:
10315:
10226:
10224:
10222:
10220:
10136:"Supreme Court begins new term with a new justice"
10044:Wu, Nicholas; Hayes, Christal (October 26, 2020).
9954:"Was a Hispanic Justice on the Court in the '30s?"
9434:"CNN Poll: Do Americans want Sotomayor confirmed?"
8949:
8341:
8279:"Justices to Hear White Firefighters' Bias Claims"
8189:
8133:"Conservative Judges Echo Sotomayor in Gun Ruling"
8121:
7674:
6727:"Study: Sotomayor tough on white-collar criminals"
6695:Bravin, Jess & Koppel, Nathan (June 5, 2009).
6339:
6337:
6335:
6180:Savage, Charlie; Powell, Michael (June 18, 2009).
5787:"Sotomayor Gives Intimate Look Into Personal Life"
5531:
5218:
5134:
4391:"Sonia Sotomayor is Obama's Supreme Court nominee"
4276:
4045:
4043:
4041:
3538:
3536:
13669:Also served as Chief Justice of the United States
11743:"Sotomayor urges anxious grads to embrace future"
11112:
9917:"First Hispanic justice? Some say it was Cardozo"
9574:Mauro, Tony & Ingram, David (July 15, 2009).
9431:
8310:"New Scrutiny of Judge's Most Controversial Case"
7846:
7706:
7704:
7702:
7639:
7637:
6812:
6279:"Nominee's Links With Advocates Fuel Her Critics"
4971:
4969:
4967:
4965:
4963:
4938:"For Sotomayor and Thomas, Paths Diverge at Race"
4725:
4534:
4532:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4371:
3508:
3305:George W. Bush judicial appointment controversies
2814:Sotomayor has received honorary law degrees from
2338:In 2011, Sotomayor wrote the majority opinion in
1641:In 2008, Sotomayor was on a three-judge panel in
600:, a rural area on Puerto Rico's southwest coast.
17530:
12131:Healy, S. Mac; Sundar, Saketh (March 23, 2024).
12034:
10791:
10789:
10323:
10265:
10263:
9329:"Old Confirmation Wars Fueling Some Critics Now"
8104:
7375:"Record Shows Rulings Within Liberal Mainstream"
7105:
6945:"G.O.P., Its Eyes On High Court, Blocks a Judge"
6272:
6270:
6268:
6136:
6134:
6132:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6120:
5638:
5430:
5270:"At Yale, Sotomayor was sharp but not outspoken"
5006:
4760:"Sotomayor's Focus on Race Issues May Be Hurdle"
4685:
4683:
4579:"Videos Shed New Light on Sotomayor's Positions"
4462:"The President's Nominee: Judge Sonia Sotomayor"
4397:. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009
3362:
2622:(2014), and citing the works of figures such as
2220:who was representing the government's position.
1930:
1772:Sotomayor was involved in the high-profile case
1380:
835:Sotomayor also successfully persuaded professor
11857:"American Philosophical Society Member History"
11683:"Commencement 2003: Honorary Degree Recipients"
11312:Wills, Kerry; Siemaszko, Corky (May 16, 2012).
11278:"Sotomayor's speeches detail life, uncertainty"
10312:
10217:
9463:"Sotomayor denies bias in 'wise Latina' remark"
9180:
9178:
7808:
7806:
7804:
7802:
7800:
7798:
7609:
6592:
6590:
6528:
6332:
6240:
6146:"Sotomayor Rose on Merit Alone, Her Allies Say"
6140:
5709:"To Get to Sotomayor's Core, Start in New York"
5634:
5632:
5630:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5297:
4978:"Sotomayor Was a Passionate but Civil Activist"
4793:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4576:
4134:
4038:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3533:
3295:Bill Clinton judicial appointment controversies
2730:In July 2010, Sotomayor signed a contract with
2543:bulk collection of Americans' telephony records
1668:(2009). Maloney was arrested for possession of
896:with an A.B. in history. She was influenced by
12064:
11183:"Sonia Sotomayor found friends in elite group"
11145:
11108:
11106:
10978:The Supreme Court, 2015 Term — Leading Cases:
10973:
10971:
10915:
10913:
10911:
10886:
10884:
10882:
10880:
10878:
10775:
10773:
10494:
10160:
9951:
9880:
9326:
8980:
8913:
8764:Baker, Peter & Becker, Jo (June 4, 2009).
8759:
8757:
8755:
8376:
8374:
8161:
8130:
8079:
7908:Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush
7813:Becker, Jo & Liptak, Adam (May 28, 2009).
7736:
7699:
7634:
7548:
7183:
7181:
7179:
6938:
6936:
6934:
6932:
6930:
6928:
6901:
6899:
6897:
6895:
6893:
6891:
6562:
6182:"In New York, Sotomayor Put Focus on the Poor"
6065:
6028:
6026:
6024:
6022:
5641:"Sotomayor learned the ropes on 'Tarzan' case"
5565:
5563:
5561:
5065:
4960:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4925:
4692:"Sotomayor: 'Always Looking Over My Shoulder'"
4655:
4517:
4496:
4337:
4090:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3725:"A Breakthrough Judge: What She Always Wanted"
2537:cited this concurrence in his ruling that the
2185:. It involved the controversial aspect of the
2182:Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
1589:Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush
1337:inclusion in an electronic archival database (
1187:
1148:in 1988 as one of the founding members of the
967:from Yale Law School. She was admitted to the
16034:
13954:
13710:
12679:
12453:materials given to Senate Judiciary Committee
10786:
10372:"Supreme Court Moving Beyond Its Old Divides"
10260:
9784:
9780:
9778:
9751:
9749:
9374:
9131:
9129:
9127:
9023:
9021:
8651:
7871:
7842:
7840:
7770:
7517:
7190:"Critics pounce on Sotomayor's reversal rate"
6972:
6970:
6907:"Sotomayor's resume, record on notable cases"
6524:
6522:
6520:
6265:
6117:
5820:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5808:
5426:
5424:
5214:
5212:
4849:
4809:
4807:
4805:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4680:
4429:
4196:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4076:
3795:
3793:
3657:"A Judge's Own Story Highlights Her Mother's"
3504:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3492:
2794:. He became a biologist and a patent lawyer.
2159:The first four women Supreme Court Justices:
2037:against Sotomayor was based on her ruling in
1429:During her September 1997 hearing before the
1165:Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund
492:Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund
17649:New York County Assistant District Attorneys
13759:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
11343:
11341:
11238:
11236:
11075:
11073:
10919:
10556:
10401:
10399:
10369:
10230:
10190:
10100:
10012:
9559:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
9457:
9455:
9239:"Democrats differ on 'wise Latina' defenses"
9175:
9116:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
8950:Baker, Peter; Zeleney, Jeff (May 26, 2009).
8495:
8337:
8335:
8307:
8276:
8038:
8036:
8034:
7795:
7520:"Uncommon Detail Marks Rulings by Sotomayor"
7340:. Archived from the original on June 1, 2009
6587:
6558:
6556:
6488:
6486:
6484:
6482:
6349:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
6234:
6179:
6175:
6173:
6171:
6090:
5970:
5966:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5922:
5920:
5851:
5781:
5779:
5737:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5666:
5664:
5662:
5627:
5599:
5597:
5493:
5380:
5294:
5267:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5194:
5068:"Germany, Sotomayor receive 1976 Pyne Prize"
5038:
5036:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4714:
4651:
4649:
3978:
3834:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3315:List of Hispanic and Latino American jurists
3069:Sotomayor, Sonia; Gordon, Nicole A. (1996).
2499:(2012), holding that several aspects of the
2030:Of her cases, the Second Circuit rulings in
1767:
1399:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
947:Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison
519:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
12210:
12208:
12206:
12130:
11771:
11376:
11374:
11307:
11305:
11245:"Sotomayor's views in speeches scrutinized"
11103:
10968:
10908:
10875:
10851:
10770:
10412:
10133:
9910:
9908:
9853:
9637:
9522:
9491:
9368:
9357:
9053:
8830:"Letter to Obama: Sotomayor not that smart"
8752:
8371:
8256:"Sotomayor and wine: One pro's perspective"
8253:
8203:N.G. & S.G. ex rel. S.C. v. Connecticut
7511:
7484:
7325:
7257:
7255:
7187:
7176:
6976:
6925:
6888:
6765:
6531:"Rigorous Questioning Hasn't Fazed Nominee"
6405:
6307:
6096:
6019:
5997:
5702:
5700:
5698:
5670:
5558:
5376:
5374:
5372:
5370:
5164:
5097:
5095:
5061:
5059:
5057:
4922:
4845:
4843:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4612:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4566:
4367:
4365:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4011:
3898:
3828:
3747:
2668:Sotomayor with her nephews at the original
2557:were among those who said that Sotomayor's
2274:, the first woman to ever hold the office.
1724:N.G. & S.G. ex rel. S.C. v. Connecticut
1410:Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary
830:Department of Health, Education and Welfare
16041:
16027:
13961:
13947:
13717:
13703:
12686:
12672:
12496:United States Government Publishing Office
11242:
10562:"Sotomayor Finds Her Voice Among Justices"
10550:
10186:
10184:
9945:
9775:
9746:
9662:
9500:"Sotomayor cool under Republican grilling"
9294:
9124:
9018:
8270:
7902:
7900:
7837:
7326:Sherman, Mark; Yost, Pete (May 26, 2009).
7119:
7117:
6967:
6517:
6492:
6345:"Circuit Judges' Biographical Information"
5805:
5527:
5525:
5523:
5421:
5410:
5408:
5339:
5337:
5335:
5209:
4813:
4802:
4746:
4137:"Sonia Sotomayor: A Justice Like No Other"
4115:
4073:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3790:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3489:
3058:Revista Colegio de Abogados de Puerto Rico
2773:In January 2021, Sonia Sotomayor swore in
2756:promote the work, and it debuted atop the
2450:in arriving at the support). Legal writer
2440:Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
1717:
1659:
1113:She left in 1992 when she became a judge.
658:led to her becoming a lifelong fan of the
170:August 12, 1992 – October 7, 1998
31:
12655:as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
12640:as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
12627:as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
11338:
11233:
11174:
11139:
11070:
10396:
9984:"Cardozo was first, but was he Hispanic?"
9452:
8332:
8082:"Sotomayor had key role in Doninger case"
8031:
7319:
7282:"The next president could tip high court"
7270:
7221:
7219:
7217:
7006:
7004:
7002:
7000:
6688:
6553:
6479:
6168:
5951:
5917:
5881:
5879:
5776:
5659:
5594:
5256:
5033:
5009:"Anti-Latino discrimination at Princeton"
4876:
4646:
4331:
4310:
4308:
4272:
4270:
3870:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3643:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
1785:Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
1676:right to bear arms. The Second Circuit's
1630:In 2005, Sotomayor wrote the opinion for
1607:
1375:
1182:
1022:Learn how and when to remove this message
870:Sotomayor's 1976 Princeton yearbook photo
774:
115:October 7, 1998 – August 6, 2009
12635:Order of precedence of the United States
12509:The NewsHour With Jim Lehrer : WETA
12401:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
12362:
12203:
12158:
11735:
11520:
11371:
11302:
10795:
10732:
10681:
9976:
9905:
9149:Davis, Julie Hirschfeld (June 4, 2009).
8860:
8827:
7397:
7366:
7310:
7276:
7252:
6872:. First Amendment Center. May 28, 2009.
6776:. Temple University Press. p. 173.
5695:
5532:Barzilay, Jonathan (November 27, 1983).
5463:
5461:
5367:
5092:
5054:
4840:
4782:
4601:
4563:
4362:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4242:
4221:
3802:"Sotomayor Maintains Puerto Rican Roots"
2956:Just Ask! Be Different, Be Brave, Be You
2860:University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras
2801:
2663:
2591:(2015), a case in which the Court held,
2493:Sotomayor was part of a 5–3 majority in
2324:
2154:
2079:
1940:
1937:Sonia Sotomayor Supreme Court nomination
1925:
1384:
1128:appointed Sotomayor to the board of the
865:
480:in 1979, where she was an editor of the
17579:American people of Puerto Rican descent
17332:Center for Budget and Policy Priorities
12513:American Archive of Public Broadcasting
11091:from the original on September 21, 2009
10384:from the original on September 11, 2018
10248:from the original on September 27, 2015
10181:
10169:from the original on September 13, 2009
10043:
9799:from the original on September 22, 2009
8472:Specht v. Netscape Communications Corp.
8393:from the original on September 18, 2009
7943:from the original on September 25, 2011
7897:
7773:"Judge's Votes Show No Single Ideology"
7677:"Sotomayor's Talk Made No Waves in '01"
7261:
7114:
5520:
5405:
5332:
5310:"Judge's Mentor: Part Guide, Part Foil"
5308:Kirkpatrick, David D. (June 21, 2009).
4442:from the original on September 24, 2020
4382:
3859:
3722:
3667:from the original on September 25, 2018
3179:"A Conversation with Justice Sotomayor"
2944:Just Help! How to Build a Better World.
2790:in New York. She used the married name
2003:Speaker of the House of Representatives
1846:Specht v. Netscape Communications Corp.
1778:that initially upheld the right of the
1326:(1997), freelance journalists sued the
725:For grammar school, Sotomayor attended
17531:
17496:Modern liberalism in the United States
13017:
11786:from the original on February 23, 2012
11633:from the original on February 19, 2021
11420:from the original on February 18, 2016
10932:from the original on December 25, 2013
10922:"How Sotomayor undermined Obama's NSA"
10804:from the original on February 18, 2017
10525:
10269:
10205:from the original on February 15, 2015
10056:from the original on February 15, 2021
9915:Sherman, Mark Sherman (May 26, 2009).
9218:from the original on February 16, 2012
8788:
8776:from the original on September 8, 2015
8633:from the original on November 25, 2017
8537:Gant v. Wallingford Board of Education
8524:Correctional Services Corp. v. Malesko
8380:
7655:from the original on November 23, 2009
7561:from the original on February 28, 2013
7530:from the original on February 13, 2011
7403:
7372:
7214:
7164:from the original on December 10, 2017
7023:from the original on February 18, 2009
6997:
6771:
6639:from the original on February 18, 2009
6442:Francke-Ruta, Garance (May 27, 2009).
6144:; Kovaleski, Serge F. (June 4, 2009).
5876:
5719:from the original on February 15, 2013
5446:from the original on September 7, 2018
5431:Auerbach, Stuart (December 16, 1978).
5044:"Puerto Ricans Find Bias at Princeton"
4758:Kirkpatrick, David D. (May 29, 2009).
4267:
4255:from the original on February 18, 2009
4147:from the original on February 24, 2016
3847:from the original on November 11, 2014
3679:
3604:
3601:, p. 152. Retrieved February 13, 2012.
3521:from the original on November 12, 2011
3429:
2585:. Sotomayor was the lone dissenter in
2427:
2292:general to that of past Chief Justice
1879:Gant v. Wallingford Board of Education
1860:Correctional Services Corp. v. Malesko
1745:
1264:trying to snow her. You can't do it."
954:subsequent December 1978 apology made
808:. A meeting with university president
16022:
15839:
15511:
15016:
14341:
14172:
13981:
13942:
13698:
13016:
12706:
12667:
12539:for the Southern District of New York
12052:from the original on November 4, 2015
11992:from the original on January 30, 2011
11812:from the original on October 15, 2020
11753:from the original on January 26, 2021
11663:from the original on January 17, 2021
11602:from the original on January 26, 2013
11556:
11538:from the original on January 24, 2013
11502:from the original on January 19, 2012
11472:from the original on January 25, 2013
11215:"Sotomayor resigns from women's club"
11180:
11162:from the original on October 20, 2012
10694:from the original on January 28, 2019
10682:Kristian, Bonnie (January 16, 2019).
10538:from the original on January 20, 2021
10526:Ariane, de Vogue (January 20, 2021).
10103:"Sotomayor casts first vote on court"
10074:
9763:from the original on November 2, 2020
9721:
9640:"Sotomayor Deflects Kohl's Questions"
9619:from the original on January 24, 2013
9282:from the original on October 16, 2011
9148:
8962:from the original on February 5, 2017
8794:
8588:from the original on November 8, 2012
8438:from the original on November 8, 2012
8425:
8289:from the original on February 2, 2017
8143:from the original on January 22, 2012
8092:from the original on October 10, 2011
7975:
7783:from the original on February 4, 2011
7687:from the original on January 21, 2015
7622:from the original on November 5, 2012
7225:
7010:
6942:
6825:from the original on November 1, 2011
6575:from the original on January 16, 2018
6541:from the original on February 4, 2011
6320:from the original on November 8, 2012
6253:from the original on November 5, 2012
6192:from the original on November 5, 2012
6047:from the original on January 12, 2009
5615:from the original on February 5, 2017
5458:
5433:"Law Firm Apologizes to Yale Student"
5393:from the original on January 13, 2013
5231:from the original on November 7, 2010
5102:Debenedetti, Gabriel (May 13, 2009).
4988:from the original on November 8, 2012
4948:from the original on December 6, 2020
4864:from the original on December 7, 2010
4770:from the original on November 3, 2012
4589:from the original on November 1, 2012
4541:"Heritage Shapes Judge's Perspective"
4388:
4314:
4285:
4178:from the original on January 21, 2011
4103:from the original on October 27, 2010
3985:Grinberg, Emanuella (July 13, 2009).
3954:Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (May 26, 2009).
3477:from the original on October 14, 2009
3290:Barack Obama Supreme Court candidates
2969:The Beloved World of Sonia Sotomayor.
2886:Sonia M. Sotomayor Learning Academies
2836:Northeastern University School of Law
2227:Chief Justice Roberts, together with
1651:, the district court's judgment that
974:
951:Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge
705:at age seven, and began taking daily
638:". The family lived in a South Bronx
438:
17614:Hispanic and Latino American lawyers
13762:(October 7, 1998 – August 6, 2009);
13725:Judicial opinions of Sonia Sotomayor
11947:
11774:"Grads, Families Celebrate Together"
11382:"Distinción a jueza Sonia Sotomayor"
10161:Bream, Shannon (September 8, 2009).
10142:from the original on October 8, 2009
10115:from the original on August 11, 2014
9862:from the original on August 21, 2009
9835:from the original on October 9, 2009
9819:"Transcript of Investiture Ceremony"
9759:. Fox News Channel. August 6, 2009.
9308:from the original on August 26, 2014
8320:from the original on October 4, 2012
8177:from the original on August 12, 2010
7859:from the original on August 14, 2014
7752:from the original on August 12, 2010
7416:from the original on August 12, 2014
7292:from the original on August 26, 2012
7123:
6876:from the original on August 10, 2014
6626:
6289:from the original on October 4, 2012
6216:New York City Campaign Finance Board
6066:Gross, Michael (November 11, 1986).
5927:Kovaleski, Serge F. (July 6, 2009).
5793:from the original on August 12, 2014
5752:Temple-Raston, Dina (June 9, 2009).
5345:"Commencement 2003: Sonia Sotomayor"
5066:Gilinsky, Adam (February 28, 1976).
4243:McKinley, James C. (April 1, 1995).
3799:
3447:from the original on March 14, 2021.
3254:Hispanic and Latino Americans portal
2797:
2320:
2299:In January 2019, Bonnie Kristian of
2044:Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination
1576:
1455:Ranking Democratic committee member
1256:was involved. Fellow district judge
1150:New York City Campaign Finance Board
978:
500:New York City Campaign Finance Board
17609:Hispanic and Latino American judges
13737:(August 12, 1992 – October 7, 1998)
12112:from the original on August 7, 2020
12022:from the original on April 27, 2014
12016:Los Angeles Unified School District
11929:from the original on August 5, 2014
11468:. Knopf Publishers. July 12, 2010.
11466:"Sonia Sotomayor to Publish Memoir"
11290:from the original on August 8, 2014
11025:Justice Sotomayor's Ringing Dissent
10796:McIntyre, Adrianna (July 7, 2014).
10338:from the original on August 6, 2021
10287:from the original on March 16, 2010
10191:Bravin, Jess (September 17, 2009).
10163:"Sotomayor Gets Her Judicial Robes"
10025:from the original on August 6, 2021
9893:from the original on August 3, 2014
9432:Steinhauser, Paul (July 10, 2009).
9304:. Fox News Channel. June 11, 2009.
9090:and Sherman, Emily (June 8, 2009).
8952:"Obama Selects Sotomayor for Court"
8861:Gerstein, Josh (October 28, 2010).
8828:Williams, Pete (October 28, 2010).
8504:from the original on April 15, 2010
8413:Clarett v. National Football League
7675:Bendavid, Naftalie (June 4, 2009).
7645:"Lecture: 'A Latina Judge's Voice'"
7466:from the original on August 4, 2009
7385:from the original on August 6, 2021
7226:Adams, Edward A. (April 30, 2009).
6803:, 880 F. Supp. 246 (S.D. N.Y. 1995)
6762:, 880 F. Supp. 246 (S.D.N.Y. 1995).
6741:from the original on August 6, 2021
6707:from the original on April 10, 2015
5888:Interview on 'Good Morning America'
5789:. Fox News Channel. June 12, 2009.
5320:from the original on March 25, 2011
5140:"Grading Sotomayor's Senior Thesis"
4726:Landau, Elizabeth (July 15, 2009).
4668:from the original on April 29, 2017
4551:from the original on March 27, 2010
4474:from the original on August 6, 2021
4315:Smith, Greg B. (October 24, 1998).
4168:"Up and Out of New York's Projects"
3886:from the original on August 8, 2020
3816:from the original on March 20, 2014
3735:from the original on March 30, 2019
3723:Hoffman, Jan (September 25, 1992).
3631:from the original on April 20, 2017
2917:In 2019, she was inducted into the
2891:In 2013, a painting featuring her,
2659:
2401:
2333:
2264:the inauguration of his second term
2092:Sotomayor defended her position in
1810:Clarett v. National Football League
882:, the first democratically elected
16:US Supreme Court justice since 2009
13:
17564:21st-century American women judges
17554:20th-century American women judges
13842:Supreme Court of the United States
13677:
12997:
12707:
12696:Supreme Court of the United States
12500:Sonya Sotomayor Digital Collection
12356:
11948:Wang, Jasmine (November 4, 2013).
11590:"Best Sellers – February 03, 2013"
11587:
11498:. Associated Press. May 31, 2011.
11286:. Associated Press. June 5, 2009.
11221:from the original on June 20, 2009
11181:Vogel, Kenneth P. (June 4, 2009).
11113:Kirschenbaum, Kim (May 26, 2009).
10920:Serwer, Adam (December 23, 2013).
10507:from the original on March 5, 2017
10436:from the original on July 22, 2010
9964:from the original on June 30, 2012
9933:from the original on July 14, 2014
9826:Supreme Court of the United States
9703:from the original on July 28, 2009
9677:from the original on July 20, 2009
9541:from the original on July 16, 2014
9510:from the original on July 16, 2009
9479:from the original on July 14, 2014
9413:from the original on July 14, 2009
9383:from the original on June 16, 2009
9214:. Fox News Channel. May 31, 2009.
9031:. Fox News Channel. May 29, 2009.
8993:from the original on July 20, 2009
8863:"Tribe trashed Sotomayor to Obama"
8694:. February 6, 2009. Archived from
8563:, 345 F.3d 103 (2d Cir. 2003) and
7879:"Judiciary Panel Approves Roberts"
7847:Neumeister, Larry (June 6, 2009).
7228:"Who Will Replace Justice Souter?"
7202:from the original on July 19, 2009
7053:from the original on March 8, 2016
7011:Lewis, Neil A. (October 3, 1998).
6985:from the original on July 10, 2009
6870:"Sotomayor on the First Amendment"
6859:, 880 F. Supp. 145 (S.D.N.Y. 1995)
6857:Dow Jones v. Department of Justice
6813:Sandomir, Richard (May 26, 2009).
6565:"4 Women Delayed in Rise to Bench"
6423:from the original on July 26, 2014
6388:. 1997. p. 35. Archived from
6156:from the original on April 4, 2015
6105:from the original on July 20, 2009
6078:from the original on March 4, 2016
5939:from the original on July 14, 2014
5833:from the original on June 15, 2009
5764:from the original on June 19, 2009
5647:from the original on July 19, 2009
5582:from the original on July 20, 2014
5475:from the original on July 13, 2011
5469:"Lawyer Sonia Sotomayor De Noonan"
5219:Richburg, Keith B. (May 7, 2009).
4910:from the original on June 11, 2009
4734:from the original on July 16, 2009
4621:from the original on June 15, 2009
4505:from the original on July 14, 2009
3993:from the original on July 14, 2009
3554:from the original on July 22, 2018
3509:Goodstein, Laurie (May 30, 2009).
3350:Puerto Ricans in the United States
2642:, just waiting to be catalogued."
2412:(2012), the Court struck down the
2272:her inauguration as vice president
1884:
1298:Dow Jones v. Department of Justice
1267:
928:Yale Studies in World Public Order
915:Sotomayor became an editor of the
14:
17710:
17599:Constitutional court women judges
14121:Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias
12389:
12226:from the original on May 31, 2009
12159:Krupnick, Max J. (May 24, 2024).
11359:from the original on May 21, 2013
11326:from the original on May 19, 2012
11195:from the original on June 8, 2009
11127:from the original on May 31, 2009
11085:New York University School of Law
10572:from the original on July 6, 2017
10324:Savage, David G. (June 8, 2010).
9994:from the original on May 30, 2009
9881:Goldstein, Amy (August 9, 2009).
9734:from the original on June 2, 2019
9588:from the original on June 7, 2011
9339:from the original on May 11, 2012
9251:from the original on June 3, 2009
9163:from the original on June 7, 2009
9098:from the original on July 1, 2009
9035:from the original on May 31, 2009
8666:from the original on May 28, 2009
7993:from the original on May 30, 2009
7718:from the original on May 31, 2009
7610:Savage, Charlie (June 20, 2009).
7591:from the original on June 1, 2009
7581:"Assessing Sotomayor's Influence"
7499:from the original on July 3, 2009
6913:from the original on May 29, 2009
6629:"Hispanic Nominee for U.S. Bench"
6035:"The Lawyers Who May Run America"
5985:from the original on June 7, 2011
5864:from the original on May 29, 2009
5546:from the original on May 14, 2016
5508:from the original on May 27, 2013
5381:Liptak, Adam (January 13, 2013).
5182:from the original on May 31, 2009
5007:Sotomayor, Sonia (May 10, 1974).
4828:from the original on May 31, 2009
4702:from the original on May 29, 2009
4577:Savage, Charlie (June 10, 2009).
4209:from the original on May 30, 2009
4061:from the original on May 30, 2009
4026:from the original on May 30, 2009
3778:from the original on May 28, 2009
3227:NYU Annual Survey of American Law
2682:New York University School of Law
1997:inflamed, with radio commentator
1910:Didden v. Village of Port Chester
1739:U.S. Department of Transportation
1300:(1995), Sotomayor sided with the
1144:Sotomayor was appointed by Mayor
1130:State of New York Mortgage Agency
963:In 1979, Sotomayor was awarded a
934:Yale Journal of International Law
532:New York University School of Law
496:State of New York Mortgage Agency
17512:
12124:
12094:
12082:from the original on May 2, 2015
12004:
11974:
11941:
11909:
11879:
11849:
11824:
11798:
11765:
11705:
11675:
11645:
11620:
11614:
11581:
11557:Mears, Bill (January 20, 2013).
11550:
11514:
11484:
11458:
11446:from the original on May 5, 2016
11432:
11406:
11394:from the original on May 8, 2014
11207:
11041:
11017:
10993:
10944:
10838:
10816:
10757:
10706:
10675:
10662:
10649:
10636:
10623:
10610:
10597:
10584:
10519:
10488:
10475:
10462:
10363:
10350:
10299:
10236:"The Roberts Court Comes of Age"
10154:
10127:
10101:Litpak, Adam (August 18, 2009).
10094:
10068:
10037:
10006:
9874:
9847:
9811:
9785:Wong, Queenie (August 8, 2009).
9715:
9689:
9656:
9631:
9600:
9567:
9425:
9395:
9351:
9327:Lewis, Neil A. (June 25, 2009).
9320:
9263:
9230:
9204:
9142:
9080:
9047:
9005:
8981:Jackson, David (July 16, 2009).
8974:
8943:
8907:
8882:
8854:
8821:
8809:from the original on May 3, 2009
8740:from the original on May 8, 2009
8678:
8645:
8609:
8600:
8570:
8565:Brody v. Village of Port Chester
8561:Brody v. Village of Port Chester
8554:
8542:
8530:
8516:
8489:
8464:
8450:
8419:
8405:
8301:
8247:
8155:
8073:
8061:
8049:Doninger v. Niehoff, 527 F.3d 41
7969:
7955:
7925:
7825:from the original on May 1, 2011
7764:
7730:
7667:
7603:
7573:
7542:
7478:
7441:
7428:
7404:Lacayo, Richard (May 26, 2009).
7240:from the original on May 2, 2009
7146:
7099:
7065:
7035:
6955:from the original on May 9, 2017
6943:Lewis, Neil A. (June 13, 1998).
6862:
6850:
6837:
6806:
6790:
6608:from the original on May 4, 2009
6563:Lewis, Neil A. (July 14, 1992).
6529:MacGillis, Alec (May 28, 2009).
6382:Almanac of the Federal Judiciary
6375:"Past Profiles: Sonia Sotomayor"
6241:Savage, Charlie (May 29, 2009).
5351:. April 21, 2003. Archived from
4850:Liemer, David (April 22, 1974).
4497:Simon, Mallory (July 14, 2009).
4135:Lacayo, Richard (May 28, 2009).
4091:Shulman, Robin (June 16, 2009).
3966:from the original on May 7, 2011
3387:
3274:
3260:
3246:
2869:She was elected a member of the
2781:
1898:Brody v. Village of Port Chester
1543:Almanac of the Federal Judiciary
1459:objected to Republican use of a
1137:skepticism about the effects of
983:
931:publication (later known as the
683:
669:
366:
329:
310:
265:
17589:Catholics from New York (state)
16051:Liberalism in the United States
15191:Harriet Williams Russell Strong
12567:United States Court of Appeals
12242:
11689:. June 10, 2004. Archived from
11146:Quiñones, Eric (June 9, 2011).
10990:, 130 Harv. L. Rev. 337 (2016).
10830:. June 25, 2012. Archived from
10134:Mears, Bill (October 5, 2009).
10013:Siff, Andrew (August 5, 2010).
9952:Lewis, Neil A. (May 26, 2009).
9722:Nasaw, Daniel (July 28, 2009).
9375:Blanton, Dana (June 12, 2009).
8381:Vicini, James (June 29, 2009).
8131:Barnes, Robert (June 3, 2009).
8080:Collins, Steve (May 28, 2009).
7549:Schwartz, John (May 27, 2009).
7083:. March 3, 2003. Archived from
6753:
6719:
6651:
6620:
6598:"Times Topics: Sonia Sotomayor"
6466:
6435:
6399:
6367:
6301:
6059:
5845:
5745:
5487:
5243:
5205:. Phi Beta Kappa: 5. Fall 2009.
5128:
5000:
4656:Lewis, Neil A. (May 14, 2009).
4633:
4490:
4470:(Press release). May 26, 2009.
4454:
4423:
4338:Doyle, Michael (June 5, 2009).
4190:
4159:
4005:
3310:History of women in Puerto Rico
3153:University Press of New England
2931:
2653:Whole Woman's Health v. Jackson
1852:
1330:for copyright infringement for
590:Santurce, San Juan, Puerto Rico
505:Sotomayor was nominated to the
261:
16219:Separation of church and state
14870:Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose
12477:. May 15, 2009. Archived from
11887:"Second Annual Awards Banquet"
11861:American Philosophical Society
11719:. May 26, 2009. Archived from
10075:Karni, Annie (June 30, 2022).
9854:Mears, Bill (August 8, 2009).
8652:Balko, Radley (May 26, 2009).
8567:, 434 F.3d 121 (2d Cir. 2005).
8527:, 299 F.3d 374 (2d Cir. 2000).
8416:, 369 F.3d 124 (2d Cir. 2004).
8347:"How Ricci Almost Disappeared"
8277:Liptak, Adam (April 9, 2009).
7966:, 290 F.3d 143 (2d Cir. 2002).
7771:Markon, Jerry (June 7, 2009).
7518:Markon, Jerry (July 9, 2009).
7457:Congressional Research Service
6797:National Labor Relations Board
5852:Farber, M.A. (June 17, 1985).
5821:Zajac, Andrew (June 6, 2009).
5639:O'Neill, Ann (July 16, 2009).
4900:"Two sides to Sonia Sotomayor"
4430:Daly, Michael (May 28, 2009).
4197:Davidson, Amy (May 27, 2009).
3587:, reprinted in proceedings of
3566:
3451:
3423:
2906:In May 2015, she received the
2871:American Philosophical Society
2488:
2150:
1695:District of Columbia v. Heller
1516:Congressional Research Service
1494:
1:
17664:People from Greenwich Village
17644:New York (state) Independents
17569:American women legal scholars
15840:
15512:
15017:
14342:
14173:
13982:
13971:National Women's Hall of Fame
12537:United States District Court
12421:Sonia Sotomayor Photo Gallery
12106:National Women's Hall of Fame
11442:. YouTube. November 9, 2012.
11416:. YouTube. February 3, 2012.
10370:Liptak, Adam (July 1, 2012).
9638:Harder, Amy (July 14, 2009).
8461:, 395 F.3d 25 (2d Cir. 2005).
8428:"Judges Rule Against Clarett"
8308:Liptak, Adam (June 5, 2009).
7485:Mauro, Tony (June 22, 2009).
7373:Bravin, Jess (May 26, 2009).
6627:King, Wayne (March 2, 1991).
6097:Gross, Doug (July 17, 2009).
5971:Sloan, Karen (May 27, 2009).
5268:Miller, Zeke (May 31, 2009).
4613:Mears, Bill (June 11, 2009).
3835:Cave, Damien (May 29, 2009).
3800:Coto, Danica (May 26, 2009).
3416:
3079:Suffolk University Law Review
3036:"A Tribute to Justice Scalia"
2919:National Women's Hall of Fame
2828:Pace University School of Law
2645:
1813:(2004), Sotomayor upheld the
1733:(2001), Sotomayor rejected a
1349:) took Sotomayor's position.
1168:election on the grounds that
753:Cardinal Spellman High School
579:
240:New York City, New York, U.S.
17699:People from Soundview, Bronx
17559:21st-century American judges
17549:20th-century American judges
17415:The Problem with Jon Stewart
17327:Center for American Progress
15217:Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis
13845:(August 5, 2009 – present);
12423:from The White House website
11772:Shull, Lori (May 17, 2010).
11243:Brune, Tom (June 20, 2009).
9792:U.S. News & World Report
9663:Raju, Manu (July 18, 2009).
9054:Stern, Seth (June 4, 2009).
8551:, 306 F.3d 40 (2d Cir. 2002)
8426:Maske, Mark (May 24, 2004).
8254:Daley, Bill (May 28, 2009).
8118:, 554 F.3d 56 (2d Cir. 2009)
7188:Mauro, Tony (June 1, 2009).
6977:Mears, Bill (July 7, 2009).
5671:Kuznia, Rob (May 26, 2009).
4389:Silva, Mark (May 26, 2009).
4012:Rahme, Dave (May 26, 2009).
3589:Senate Hearing no. 111-503,
3435:"How To Pronounce Sotomayor"
3206:Berkeley la Raza Law Journal
3136:
2981:Turning Pages: My Life Story
1533:Berkeley La Raza Law Journal
1323:New York Times Co. v. Tasini
1242:
1177:Maternity Center Association
861:Trenton Psychiatric Hospital
720:
7:
17674:Princeton University alumni
17669:People with type 1 diabetes
17654:New York University faculty
17594:Columbia University faculty
17309:Rhode Island Suffrage Party
17224:Democratic-Republican Party
15400:Martha Coffin Pelham Wright
14804:Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin
12462:September 20, 2006, at the
8496:Zvulony, Gil (March 2005).
7130:Ohio State University Press
7124:Bell, Lauren Cohen (2002).
6493:Brune, Tom (May 27, 2009).
5539:The New York Times Magazine
4814:Smith, Ben (May 29, 2009).
3768:"Judge Sonia Sotomayor bio"
3471:Chicago-Kent College of Law
3467:Legal Information Institute
3239:
3170:
3027:
2926:Harvard Radcliffe Institute
2014:White House Press Secretary
1972:On April 30, 2009, Justice
1931:Nomination and confirmation
1802:
1581:
1381:Nomination and confirmation
1372:upheld Sotomayor's ruling.
1317:from blocking its release.
1188:Nomination and confirmation
1036:assistant district attorney
488:assistant district attorney
10:
17715:
17659:People from Cleveland Park
17639:New York (state) Democrats
16267:American Revolutionary War
14956:Katharine Dexter McCormick
14254:Mary "Mother" Harris Jones
12285:W. W. Norton & Company
10750:November 18, 2017, at the
8795:Stein, Sam (May 1, 2009).
8621:"The Sotomayor Nomination"
8212:November 20, 2011, at the
8024:November 14, 2011, at the
8015:United States v. Quattrone
4323:. New York. Archived from
3379:believed to be of distant
2444:Taxing and Spending Clause
2147:serving at the same time.
2021:Senate Judiciary Committee
1955:2008 presidential election
1934:
1915:Kelo v. City of New London
1710:, unanimously agreed with
1653:Lewis S. Mills High School
1636:United States v. Quattrone
1632:United States v. Quattrone
1620:New York Police Department
1431:Senate Judiciary Committee
1308:Deputy White House Counsel
1216:Senate Judiciary Committee
697:Sotomayor grew up with an
611:; Celina Báez worked as a
555:J. D. B. v. North Carolina
440:[ˈsonjasotomaˈʝoɾ]
17510:
17481:Liberal bias in the media
17467:
17346:
17318:
17234:National Democratic Party
17205:
17093:
17049:
16611:
16343:
16336:
16258:
16115:
16058:
15947:
15891:
15850:
15846:
15835:
15766:
15705:
15644:
15588:
15522:
15518:
15507:
15438:
15382:
15321:
15250:
15209:
15133:
15027:
15023:
15012:
14888:
14822:
14814:Hannah Greenebaum Solomon
14721:
14585:
14399:
14383:
14352:
14348:
14337:
14293:
14267:
14246:
14225:
14204:
14183:
14179:
14168:
14129:
14103:
13992:
13988:
13977:
13853:
13838:
13770:
13755:
13742:
13730:
13675:
13025:
13012:
12995:
12715:
12702:
12645:
12632:
12617:
12609:
12602:
12593:
12585:
12575:
12563:
12555:
12545:
12533:
12525:
12520:
11806:"Doctorats Honoris Causa"
11014:2016 (2016): pp. 157-195.
10957:January 13, 2020, at the
8578:"Sotomayor on the Issues"
8240:January 18, 2012, at the
7937:Americans United for Life
7487:"Sotomayor, word by word"
7358:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
6772:Abrams, Roger I. (2001).
4415:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4055:UC Berkeley School of Law
3217:Sotomayor, Sonia (2004).
3197:Sotomayor, Sonia (2004).
3177:Sotomayor, Sonia (2014).
3143:Sotomayor, Sonia (2007).
3098:Sotomayor, Sonia (1979).
3034:Sotomayor, Sonia (2017).
3002:Sotomayor, Sonia (2013).
2979:Sotomayor, Sonia (2018).
2967:Sotomayor, Sonia (2019).
2953:Sotomayor, Sonia (2019).
2848:Paris Nanterre University
2792:Sonia Sotomayor de Noonan
2719:University of Puerto Rico
1768:Employment discrimination
1596:'s implementation of the
1528:UC Berkeley School of Law
1500:percentage of reversals.
1237:Carroll Gardens, Brooklyn
690:Sotomayor as a young girl
676:Sotomayor and her parents
486:. Sotomayor worked as an
472:in 1976 and received her
355:
318:
306:
275:
245:
219:
214:
210:
198:
186:
174:
163:
155:
143:
131:
119:
108:
100:
88:
76:
64:
53:
46:
42:
30:
23:
17476:Liberal bias in academia
17229:Liberal Republican Party
15045:Marjory Stoneman Douglas
14855:Wilhelmina Cole Holladay
14628:Charlotte Perkins Gilman
12611:U.S. order of precedence
11120:Columbia Daily Spectator
11012:The Supreme Court Review
10740:J.D.B. v. North Carolina
9581:The National Law Journal
8054:August 21, 2008, at the
7933:"The Mexico City Policy"
7492:The National Law Journal
7195:The National Law Journal
6668:Indiana University Press
6386:Aspen Law & Business
5978:The National Law Journal
4051:"A Latina judge's voice"
3574:Princeton yearbook image
3355:
3219:"Tribute to John Sexton"
2942:Sotomayor, Sonia (2022)
2936:
2539:National Security Agency
2515:protections relating to
2496:Arizona v. United States
2464:mandate on contraception
2409:United States v. Alvarez
2341:J.D.B. v. North Carolina
2059:American Bar Association
1815:National Football League
1407:American Bar Association
1258:Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum
1089:suing counterfeiters of
771:in the Northeast Bronx.
727:Blessed Sacrament School
17574:American legal scholars
17487:The Liberal Imagination
17287:Rockefeller Republicans
15535:Dorothy Harrison Eustis
15425:Catherine Filene Shouse
15278:Patricia Roberts Harris
14916:Mary Steichen Calderone
14784:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
14653:Frances Wisebart Jacobs
14457:Martha Wright Griffiths
12406:Federal Judicial Center
12404:, a publication of the
12333:; Matz, Joshua (2014).
11717:Northeastern University
11496:San Francisco Chronicle
11030:April 16, 2019, at the
11006:August 6, 2021, at the
10897:August 6, 2021, at the
10859:Pleading for the Fourth
10198:The Wall Street Journal
9156:The Dallas Morning News
7981:"Sotomayor: The Record"
7681:The Wall Street Journal
7379:The Wall Street Journal
7047:The Wall Street Journal
6701:The Wall Street Journal
6416:The Washington Examiner
5534:"The D.A.'s Right Arms"
3625:Federal Judicial Center
3086:: 35–51. Archived from
2844:St. Lawrence University
2788:St. Patrick's Cathedral
2634:, Sotomayor wrote that
2619:Heien v. North Carolina
2612:, a case involving the
2578:Navarette v. California
2378:Stansbury v. California
2145:Roman Catholic justices
1989:particularly in a 2001
1718:Fourth Amendment rights
1660:Second Amendment rights
1592:, Sotomayor upheld the
1401:, which was vacated by
1315:U.S. Justice Department
1288:. Her ruling ended the
1194:Daniel Patrick Moynihan
884:governor of Puerto Rico
759:and was elected to the
713:Encyclopædia Britannica
634:; she calls herself a "
541:In May 2009, President
325:Sonia Sotomayor's voice
37:Official portrait, 2009
17694:Yale Law School alumni
17634:Lawyers from the Bronx
17266:historically, factions
16327:Young America movement
16297:Jeffersonian democracy
16139:Economic progressivism
15481:Rebecca Talbot Perkins
14976:Eunice Kennedy Shriver
14840:Frances Xavier Cabrini
14754:Elizabeth Hanford Dole
14532:Ellen Swallow Richards
14502:Constance Baker Motley
14152:Elizabeth Bayley Seton
14085:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
13682:
13002:
12569:for the Second Circuit
12339:Henry Holt and Company
12249:Coyle, Marcia (2013).
12186:"Radcliffe Medallists"
11986:Mayor of New York City
11955:The Daily Princetonian
11217:. CNN. June 19, 2009.
10986:April 3, 2019, at the
10864:March 4, 2020, at the
9699:. CNN. July 28, 2009.
8917:(September 25, 2009).
8654:"Sotomayor on Takings"
8539:, 195 F.3d 134 (1999).
8482:June 18, 2006, at the
7986:The Washington Monthly
6218:. 2008. Archived from
5901:. 1986. Archived from
5109:The Daily Princetonian
5073:The Daily Princetonian
5014:The Daily Princetonian
4857:The Daily Princetonian
3597:June 16, 2012, at the
3579:March 3, 2016, at the
3469:(Cornell University),
3186:Yale Law Journal Forum
2811:
2806:Sotomayor at the 2017
2673:
2526:United States v. Jones
2469:Burwell v. Hobby Lobby
2383:Yarborough v. Alvarado
2330:
2172:
2085:
2001:and former Republican
1946:
1902:Port Chester, New York
1608:First Amendment rights
1390:
1376:Court of Appeals judge
1328:New York Times Company
1272:On March 30, 1995, in
1183:Federal district judge
939:Puerto Rican statehood
871:
841:Latin American history
806:Latin American studies
775:College and law school
458:Sotomayor was born in
346:Recorded June 22, 2023
17356:The American Prospect
17292:Roosevelt Republicans
17214:Anti-Federalist Party
16272:Civil rights movement
15995:Anna Wessels Williams
15682:Carlotta Walls LaNier
15415:Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
15273:Martha Matilda Harper
15237:Mary Engle Pennington
15075:Frances Oldham Kelsey
14860:Anne Morrow Lindbergh
14613:Jane Cunningham Croly
14542:Katherine Siva Saubel
14437:Marian Wright Edelman
14360:Margaret Bourke-White
14285:Harriet Beecher Stowe
13681:
13001:
12849:Edward Douglass White
11779:Watertown Daily Times
10672:, pp. 10–11, 268–271.
9828:. September 8, 2009.
9652:on September 3, 2010.
9436:. CNN. Archived from
8931:on September 28, 2009
8842:on September 25, 2021
7918:May 30, 2009, at the
7714:. CNN. May 28, 2009.
7043:"The Souter Strategy"
6909:. CNN. May 26, 2009.
6801:Major League Baseball
6015:on February 29, 2004.
5282:on September 20, 2012
3330:List of Puerto Ricans
2975:. ISBN 9781524771171.
2964:. ISBN 9780525514121.
2950:. ISBN 9780593206263.
2805:
2667:
2328:
2199:Berghuis v. Thompkins
2158:
2141:Ketanji Brown Jackson
2131:(from 1993 to 2020),
2127:(from 1981 to 2006),
2083:
1944:
1926:Supreme Court justice
1586:In the 2002 decision
1388:
1282:collective bargaining
1278:Major League Baseball
1170:New York City Council
869:
839:, who specialized in
798:Acción Puertorriqueña
362:Sonia Maria Sotomayor
342:Yegiazaryan v. Smagin
224:Sonia Maria Sotomayor
17297:Moderate Republicans
16985:Roosevelt (Theodore)
16980:Roosevelt (Franklin)
16292:Jacksonian democracy
16199:Legal egalitarianism
16164:Freedom of the press
15692:Mary Harriman Rumsey
15530:St. Katharine Drexel
15374:Mary Burnett Talbert
15369:Blanche Stuart Scott
15354:Mother Marianne Cope
15334:Ruth Fulton Benedict
15293:Mildred Robbins Leet
14991:Angelina Grimké Weld
14865:Maria Goeppert Mayer
14835:Charlotte Anne Bunch
14412:Antoinette Blackwell
14391:Gertrude Belle Elion
14321:Ida B. Wells-Barnett
14090:Helen Brooke Taussig
14080:Margaret Chase Smith
12881:Charles Evans Hughes
12504:Bill Clinton Library
12372:Sarah Crichton Books
12259:Simon & Schuster
12048:. October 28, 2013.
11836:New York Law Journal
11659:. January 16, 2021.
11524:(January 21, 2013).
11156:Princeton University
10872:(November 12, 2015).
10165:. Fox News Channel.
9379:. Fox News Channel.
8730:United States Senate
8500:. Zvulony & Co.
7851:. Fox News Channel.
7158:United States Senate
7108:The Washington Times
7087:on December 28, 2003
7077:United States Senate
6355:on February 10, 2013
6222:on December 29, 2010
5894:Good Morning America
5471:. Justia.com. 1998.
5176:Princeton University
4344:McClatchy Newspapers
4057:. October 26, 2001.
3874:(January 12, 2013).
3548:www.supremecourt.gov
2973:Penguin Random House
2962:Penguin Random House
2948:Penguin Random House
2864:Manhattan University
2820:Princeton University
2695:Princeton University
2545:likely violated the
2531:third-party doctrine
2244:Confrontation Clause
1435:mandatory sentencing
1290:1994 baseball strike
1284:agreement and using
1229:United States Senate
1123:Governor of New York
1109:Good Morning America
1051:and prostitution to
971:the following year.
898:critical race theory
857:after-school program
849:Puerto Rican history
781:Princeton University
527:United States Senate
470:Princeton University
283:Princeton University
264: 1976;
17457:The Washington Post
17443:Talking Points Memo
17337:Roosevelt Institute
17282:Radical Republicans
16975:Roosevelt (Eleanor)
16302:Liberal Republicans
16169:Freedom of religion
16159:Fiscal conservatism
15909:Rebecca S. Halstead
15883:Mary Church Terrell
15570:Barbara A. Mikulski
15298:Patsy Takemoto Mink
15283:Stephanie L. Kwolek
15222:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
15196:Emily Howell Warner
15141:Dorothy H. Andersen
15115:Annie Dodge Wauneka
15110:Mary Edwards Walker
15035:Faye Glenn Abdellah
14966:Edith Nourse Rogers
14946:Shirley Ann Jackson
14921:Mary Ann Shadd Cary
14799:Sandra Day O'Connor
14779:Matilda Joslyn Gage
14375:Florence B. Seibert
14212:Carrie Chapman Catt
14142:Juliette Gordon Low
14025:Elizabeth Blackwell
14020:Mary McLeod Bethune
12865:William Howard Taft
12220:Library of Congress
12138:The Harvard Crimson
12046:The Huffington Post
11891:Columbia University
11569:on January 24, 2013
11058:. December 10, 2021
10999:Allegra M. McLeod,
10965:(November 9, 2015).
10950:Mark Joseph Stern,
10501:The Washington Post
9887:The Washington Post
9535:The Washington Post
8802:The Huffington Post
8617:Epstein, Richard A.
8582:The Washington Post
8477:150 F. Supp. 2d 585
8432:The Washington Post
8231:Leventhal v. Knapek
8137:The Washington Post
8068:Doninger v. Niehoff
8044:Doninger v. Niehoff
7885:on December 9, 2006
7777:The Washington Post
7524:The Washington Post
7313:Dallas Morning News
6535:The Washington Post
6454:on January 12, 2012
6448:The Washington Post
6314:The Washington Post
6009:www.americanbar.org
5611:. August 16, 1992.
5440:The Washington Post
5225:The Washington Post
4982:The Washington Post
4545:The Washington Post
4097:The Washington Post
2897:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
2893:Sandra Day O'Connor
2852:New York University
2824:Brooklyn Law School
2711:New York University
2686:Columbia Law School
2568:Missouri v. McNeely
2428:Affordable Care Act
2281:Williamson v. Mazda
2165:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
2161:Sandra Day O'Connor
2129:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
2125:Sandra Day O'Connor
2098:Benjamin N. Cardozo
1762:Swedenburg v. Kelly
1753:Swedenburg v. Kelly
1746:Alcohol in commerce
1731:Leventhal v. Knapek
1690:Presser v. Illinois
1685:Presser v. Illinois
1644:Doninger v. Niehoff
1594:Bush administration
1571:Sandra Day O'Connor
1448:Wall Street Journal
1303:Wall Street Journal
1286:replacement players
1250:Syracuse University
1104:Tavern on the Green
957:The Washington Post
925:of the student-run
779:Sotomayor attended
609:tool and die worker
546:nominated Sotomayor
536:Columbia Law School
17408:The New York Times
16312:New Deal coalition
16244:Unalienable rights
15868:Barbara Rose Johns
15819:Flossie Wong-Staal
15794:Nicole Malachowski
15723:Lorraine Hansberry
15667:Marcia Greenberger
15621:Mary Joseph Rogers
15560:Coretta Scott King
15545:Abby Kelley Foster
15461:Susan Kelly-Dreiss
15349:Rita Rossi Colwell
15125:Frances E. Willard
14961:Rozanne L. Ridgway
14911:Lydia Moss Bradley
14896:Madeleine Albright
14789:Nannerl O. Keohane
14759:Anne Dallas Dudley
14688:Betty Bone Schiess
14658:Susette La Flesche
14643:Zora Neale Hurston
14638:Helen LaKelly Hunt
14562:Madam C. J. Walker
14477:Mary Putnam Jacobi
14427:Jacqueline Cochran
14407:Ethel Percy Andrus
14275:Barbara McClintock
13683:
13019:Associate justices
13003:
12529:John M. Walker Jr.
12102:"Sotomayor, Sonia"
12078:. April 23, 2015.
11745:. NBC Washington.
11595:The New York Times
11531:The New York Times
10566:The New York Times
10377:The New York Times
10273:(March 22, 2010).
10241:The New York Times
10108:The New York Times
10081:The New York Times
9958:The New York Times
9613:The New York Times
9333:The New York Times
9276:The New York Times
8956:The New York Times
8770:The New York Times
8722:Kirsten Gillibrand
8549:Krimstock v. Kelly
8343:Taylor Jr., Stuart
8314:The New York Times
8283:The New York Times
8086:New Britain Herald
7963:Pappas v. Giuliani
7939:. April 23, 2010.
7819:The New York Times
7649:The New York Times
7616:The New York Times
7585:The New York Times
7555:The New York Times
7017:The New York Times
6949:The New York Times
6819:The New York Times
6633:The New York Times
6602:The New York Times
6569:The New York Times
6283:The New York Times
6247:The New York Times
6186:The New York Times
6150:The New York Times
6072:The New York Times
6068:"Notes on Fashion"
5933:The New York Times
5898:The New York Times
5858:The New York Times
5713:The New York Times
5609:The New York Times
5576:The New York Times
5494:Sotomayor, Sonia.
5387:The New York Times
5314:The New York Times
5136:Taylor Jr., Stuart
5048:The New York Times
5021:on August 14, 2014
4942:The New York Times
4764:The New York Times
4662:The New York Times
4583:The New York Times
4350:on October 2, 2020
4327:on August 3, 2009.
4249:The New York Times
4172:The New York Times
3960:The New York Times
3841:The New York Times
3729:The New York Times
3661:The New York Times
3515:The New York Times
3268:Puerto Rico portal
2832:Hofstra University
2812:
2752:The New York Times
2674:
2601:qualified immunity
2521:search and seizure
2422:Free Speech Clause
2396:dissenting opinion
2331:
2202:case dealing with
2173:
2139:(since 2020), and
2086:
2033:Ricci v. DeStefano
1963:Kirsten Gillibrand
1947:
1891:Krimstock v. Kelly
1775:Ricci v. DeStefano
1615:Pappas v. Giuliani
1598:Mexico City Policy
1547:Gerald B. Lefcourt
1418:The New York Times
1391:
1332:The New York Times
1254:white-collar crime
1213:John M. Walker Jr.
1042:District Attorney
1002:You can assist by
975:Early legal career
903:Sotomayor entered
872:
853:Third World Center
825:Daily Princetonian
785:affirmative action
761:student government
621:Syracuse, New York
613:telephone operator
605:Women's Army Corps
193:John M. Walker Jr.
17526:
17525:
17519:Liberalism portal
17256:Progressive Party
17250:Progressive Party
17244:Progressive Party
17201:
17200:
16690:Clinton (Hillary)
16174:Freedom of speech
16149:Equal opportunity
16016:
16015:
16012:
16011:
16008:
16007:
15970:Kimberlé Crenshaw
15965:Elouise P. Cobell
15929:Katherine Johnson
15899:Octavia E. Butler
15831:
15830:
15827:
15826:
15738:Clare Boothe Luce
15550:Helen Murray Free
15503:
15502:
15499:
15498:
15364:Patricia A. Locke
15329:Florence E. Allen
15313:Sheila E. Widnall
15258:Linda G. Alvarado
15242:Mercy Otis Warren
15201:Victoria Woodhull
15186:Barbara Holdridge
15181:Beatrice A. Hicks
15156:Lydia Maria Child
15070:Leontine T. Kelly
15008:
15007:
15004:
15003:
14830:Louisa May Alcott
14744:Mary Breckinridge
14623:Geraldine Ferraro
14608:Annie Jump Cannon
14333:
14332:
14329:
14328:
14164:
14163:
14160:
14159:
14070:Eleanor Roosevelt
13969:Inductees to the
13936:
13935:
13692:
13691:
13688:
13687:
13008:
13007:
12961:William Rehnquist
12662:
12661:
12658:
12646:Succeeded by
12630:
12576:Succeeded by
12559:J. Daniel Mahoney
12546:Succeeded by
12470:2003 Commencement
12348:978-0-8050-9909-6
12322:978-0-385-52720-0
12294:978-0-393-07344-7
12268:978-1-4516-2751-0
12216:"Sonia Sotomayor"
12076:Bryn Mawr College
12012:"Project Details"
11984:(Press release).
11962:on August 8, 2014
11693:on August 5, 2012
11588:Cowles, Gregory.
11522:Kakutani, Michiko
11152:News at Princeton
10834:on June 30, 2012.
10754:, (U.S.S.C. 2011)
10670:Uncertain Justice
10657:Uncertain Justice
10644:The Roberts Court
10631:The Roberts Court
10605:The Roberts Court
10592:The Roberts Court
10483:Uncertain Justice
10470:The Roberts Court
10407:The Roberts Court
10358:The Roberts Court
10331:Los Angeles Times
10307:The Roberts Court
10234:(June 30, 2010).
9475:. July 14, 2009.
9407:Rasmussen Reports
9361:Los Angeles Times
9137:The Roberts Court
8728:(Press release).
8724:(April 9, 2009).
8698:on April 15, 2009
8345:(July 10, 2009).
8266:on March 3, 2012.
7436:The Roberts Court
7280:(July 19, 2005).
7075:(Press release).
5827:Los Angeles Times
5677:Hispanic Business
5152:on August 8, 2014
5080:on August 8, 2014
5050:. April 23, 1974.
4904:Los Angeles Times
4641:Uncertain Justice
4484:National Archives
4395:Los Angeles Times
4019:The Post-Standard
3544:"Current Members"
3459:"Sonia Sotomayor"
3093:on June 19, 2009.
2912:Bryn Mawr College
2908:Katharine Hepburn
2840:Howard University
2798:Awards and honors
2678:adjunct professor
2676:Sotomayor was an
2614:exclusionary rule
2549:. Law professors
2392:Associate Justice
2356:special education
2329:Sotomayor in 2017
2218:Solicitor General
2137:Amy Coney Barrett
2067:Rasmussen Reports
1780:City of New Haven
1708:Frank Easterbrook
1551:Richard C. Wesley
1466:Chester J. Straub
1403:J. Daniel Mahoney
1397:to a seat on the
1343:John Paul Stevens
1225:unanimous consent
1223:was confirmed by
1207:to a seat on the
1205:George H. W. Bush
1078:international law
1065:child pornography
1044:Robert Morgenthau
1032:
1031:
1024:
511:George H. W. Bush
359:
358:
334:
181:George H. W. Bush
138:J. Daniel Mahoney
17706:
17520:
17516:
17492:
17401:The New Republic
17262:Republican Party
17219:Democratic Party
16835:Kennedy (Robert)
16830:Kennedy (Joseph)
16780:Jackson (Andrew)
16341:
16340:
16224:Social democracy
16194:Internationalism
16154:Environmentalism
16134:Economic freedom
16052:
16043:
16036:
16029:
16020:
16019:
15848:
15847:
15837:
15836:
15804:Louise Slaughter
15728:Victoria Jackson
15687:Philippa Marrack
15672:Barbara Iglewski
15580:Kathrine Switzer
15575:Donna E. Shalala
15520:
15519:
15509:
15508:
15466:Allie B. Latimer
15446:Louise Bourgeois
15420:Judith L. Pipher
15227:Katharine Graham
15171:Marian de Forest
15090:Anna Howard Shaw
15040:Emma Smith DeVoe
15025:
15024:
15014:
15013:
14926:Joan Ganz Cooney
14850:Oveta Culp Hobby
14845:Mary A. Hallaren
14708:Sarah Winnemucca
14577:Gloria Yerkovich
14572:Rosalyn S. Yalow
14527:Jeannette Rankin
14507:Georgia O'Keeffe
14462:Fannie Lou Hamer
14422:Shirley Chisholm
14370:Billie Jean King
14350:
14349:
14339:
14338:
14301:Gwendolyn Brooks
14181:
14180:
14170:
14169:
14010:Susan B. Anthony
13990:
13989:
13979:
13978:
13963:
13956:
13949:
13940:
13939:
13764:by calendar year
13719:
13712:
13705:
13696:
13695:
13671:
13571:
13425:
13363:
13319:
13035:
13014:
13013:
12945:Warren E. Burger
12753:Oliver Ellsworth
12704:
12703:
12694:Justices of the
12688:
12681:
12674:
12665:
12664:
12652:
12641:
12624:
12618:Preceded by
12586:Preceded by
12556:Preceded by
12526:Preceded by
12518:
12517:
12490:
12488:
12486:
12452:
12450:
12448:
12443:on June 11, 2009
12439:. Archived from
12385:
12352:
12326:
12298:
12272:
12256:
12236:
12235:
12233:
12231:
12222:. May 29, 2009.
12212:
12201:
12200:
12198:
12196:
12182:
12176:
12175:
12173:
12171:
12165:Harvard Magazine
12156:
12150:
12149:
12147:
12145:
12128:
12122:
12121:
12119:
12117:
12098:
12092:
12091:
12089:
12087:
12068:
12062:
12061:
12059:
12057:
12038:
12032:
12031:
12029:
12027:
12008:
12002:
12001:
11999:
11997:
11988:. June 4, 2010.
11978:
11972:
11971:
11969:
11967:
11958:. Archived from
11945:
11939:
11938:
11936:
11934:
11925:. October 2008.
11913:
11907:
11906:
11904:
11902:
11897:on April 4, 2008
11893:. Archived from
11883:
11877:
11876:
11874:
11872:
11867:on July 15, 2014
11863:. Archived from
11853:
11847:
11846:
11844:
11842:
11828:
11822:
11821:
11819:
11817:
11802:
11796:
11795:
11793:
11791:
11769:
11763:
11762:
11760:
11758:
11747:Associated Press
11739:
11733:
11732:
11730:
11728:
11709:
11703:
11702:
11700:
11698:
11679:
11673:
11672:
11670:
11668:
11649:
11643:
11642:
11640:
11638:
11618:
11612:
11611:
11609:
11607:
11585:
11579:
11578:
11576:
11574:
11565:. Archived from
11554:
11548:
11547:
11545:
11543:
11518:
11512:
11511:
11509:
11507:
11488:
11482:
11481:
11479:
11477:
11462:
11456:
11455:
11453:
11451:
11436:
11430:
11429:
11427:
11425:
11410:
11404:
11403:
11401:
11399:
11378:
11369:
11368:
11366:
11364:
11355:. May 20, 2013.
11345:
11336:
11335:
11333:
11331:
11309:
11300:
11299:
11297:
11295:
11274:
11265:
11264:
11262:
11260:
11255:on June 25, 2009
11251:. Archived from
11240:
11231:
11230:
11228:
11226:
11211:
11205:
11204:
11202:
11200:
11178:
11172:
11171:
11169:
11167:
11143:
11137:
11136:
11134:
11132:
11110:
11101:
11100:
11098:
11096:
11077:
11068:
11067:
11065:
11063:
11056:supremecourt.gov
11053:
11045:
11039:
11038:(June 20, 2016).
11021:
11015:
10997:
10991:
10975:
10966:
10948:
10942:
10941:
10939:
10937:
10917:
10906:
10888:
10873:
10855:
10849:
10842:
10836:
10835:
10820:
10814:
10813:
10811:
10809:
10793:
10784:
10777:
10768:
10761:
10755:
10736:
10730:
10729:
10727:
10725:
10710:
10704:
10703:
10701:
10699:
10679:
10673:
10668:Tribe and Matz,
10666:
10660:
10655:Tribe and Matz,
10653:
10647:
10640:
10634:
10627:
10621:
10614:
10608:
10601:
10595:
10588:
10582:
10581:
10579:
10577:
10554:
10548:
10547:
10545:
10543:
10523:
10517:
10516:
10514:
10512:
10492:
10486:
10481:Tribe and Matz,
10479:
10473:
10466:
10460:
10455:
10446:
10445:
10443:
10441:
10435:
10429:. July 7, 2010.
10424:
10416:
10410:
10403:
10394:
10393:
10391:
10389:
10367:
10361:
10354:
10348:
10347:
10345:
10343:
10321:
10310:
10303:
10297:
10296:
10294:
10292:
10267:
10258:
10257:
10255:
10253:
10228:
10215:
10214:
10212:
10210:
10188:
10179:
10178:
10176:
10174:
10158:
10152:
10151:
10149:
10147:
10131:
10125:
10124:
10122:
10120:
10098:
10092:
10091:
10089:
10087:
10072:
10066:
10065:
10063:
10061:
10041:
10035:
10034:
10032:
10030:
10010:
10004:
10003:
10001:
9999:
9990:. May 27, 2009.
9980:
9974:
9973:
9971:
9969:
9949:
9943:
9942:
9940:
9938:
9927:Associated Press
9912:
9903:
9902:
9900:
9898:
9878:
9872:
9871:
9869:
9867:
9851:
9845:
9844:
9842:
9840:
9834:
9823:
9815:
9809:
9808:
9806:
9804:
9782:
9773:
9772:
9770:
9768:
9753:
9744:
9743:
9741:
9739:
9719:
9713:
9712:
9710:
9708:
9693:
9687:
9686:
9684:
9682:
9660:
9654:
9653:
9648:. Archived from
9645:National Journal
9635:
9629:
9628:
9626:
9624:
9604:
9598:
9597:
9595:
9593:
9571:
9565:
9564:
9558:
9550:
9548:
9546:
9526:
9520:
9519:
9517:
9515:
9495:
9489:
9488:
9486:
9484:
9473:Associated Press
9459:
9450:
9449:
9447:
9445:
9440:on July 15, 2009
9429:
9423:
9422:
9420:
9418:
9409:. July 1, 2009.
9399:
9393:
9392:
9390:
9388:
9372:
9366:
9365:
9355:
9349:
9348:
9346:
9344:
9324:
9318:
9317:
9315:
9313:
9298:
9292:
9291:
9289:
9287:
9267:
9261:
9260:
9258:
9256:
9234:
9228:
9227:
9225:
9223:
9208:
9202:
9201:
9199:
9197:
9182:
9173:
9172:
9170:
9168:
9146:
9140:
9133:
9122:
9121:
9115:
9107:
9105:
9103:
9084:
9078:
9077:
9075:
9073:
9068:on June 11, 2009
9064:. Archived from
9051:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9040:
9025:
9016:
9009:
9003:
9002:
9000:
8998:
8978:
8972:
8971:
8969:
8967:
8947:
8941:
8940:
8938:
8936:
8927:. Archived from
8911:
8905:
8904:
8902:
8900:
8894:
8886:
8880:
8879:
8877:
8875:
8858:
8852:
8851:
8849:
8847:
8838:. Archived from
8825:
8819:
8818:
8816:
8814:
8792:
8786:
8785:
8783:
8781:
8761:
8750:
8749:
8747:
8745:
8718:Schumer, Charles
8714:
8708:
8707:
8705:
8703:
8682:
8676:
8675:
8673:
8671:
8649:
8643:
8642:
8640:
8638:
8619:(May 26, 2009).
8613:
8607:
8604:
8598:
8597:
8595:
8593:
8574:
8568:
8558:
8552:
8546:
8540:
8534:
8528:
8520:
8514:
8513:
8511:
8509:
8493:
8487:
8468:
8462:
8454:
8448:
8447:
8445:
8443:
8423:
8417:
8409:
8403:
8402:
8400:
8398:
8378:
8369:
8368:
8366:
8364:
8359:on July 14, 2009
8355:. Archived from
8352:National Journal
8339:
8330:
8329:
8327:
8325:
8305:
8299:
8298:
8296:
8294:
8274:
8268:
8267:
8262:. Archived from
8251:
8245:
8228:
8217:
8200:
8187:
8186:
8184:
8182:
8165:(May 15, 2009).
8159:
8153:
8152:
8150:
8148:
8128:
8119:
8116:Maloney v. Cuomo
8113:
8102:
8101:
8099:
8097:
8077:
8071:
8065:
8059:
8040:
8029:
8012:
8003:
8002:
8000:
7998:
7979:(May 27, 2009).
7973:
7967:
7959:
7953:
7952:
7950:
7948:
7929:
7923:
7904:
7895:
7894:
7892:
7890:
7875:
7869:
7868:
7866:
7864:
7853:Associated Press
7844:
7835:
7834:
7832:
7830:
7810:
7793:
7792:
7790:
7788:
7768:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7757:
7740:(May 29, 2009).
7734:
7728:
7727:
7725:
7723:
7708:
7697:
7696:
7694:
7692:
7671:
7665:
7664:
7662:
7660:
7651:. May 14, 2009.
7641:
7632:
7631:
7629:
7627:
7607:
7601:
7600:
7598:
7596:
7587:. May 28, 2009.
7577:
7571:
7570:
7568:
7566:
7546:
7540:
7539:
7537:
7535:
7515:
7509:
7508:
7506:
7504:
7482:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7471:
7465:
7454:
7445:
7439:
7432:
7426:
7425:
7423:
7421:
7401:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7390:
7370:
7364:
7363:
7357:
7349:
7347:
7345:
7338:Associated Press
7323:
7317:
7316:
7308:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7297:
7274:
7268:
7267:
7264:Cox News Service
7259:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7245:
7223:
7212:
7211:
7209:
7207:
7185:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7169:
7150:
7144:
7143:
7121:
7112:
7111:
7103:
7097:
7096:
7094:
7092:
7069:
7063:
7062:
7060:
7058:
7049:. June 8, 1998.
7039:
7033:
7032:
7030:
7028:
7008:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6990:
6974:
6965:
6964:
6962:
6960:
6940:
6923:
6922:
6920:
6918:
6903:
6886:
6885:
6883:
6881:
6866:
6860:
6854:
6848:
6841:
6835:
6834:
6832:
6830:
6810:
6804:
6794:
6788:
6787:
6769:
6763:
6757:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6746:
6737:. July 9, 2009.
6735:Associated Press
6723:
6717:
6716:
6714:
6712:
6692:
6686:
6685:
6665:
6655:
6649:
6648:
6646:
6644:
6624:
6618:
6617:
6615:
6613:
6594:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6580:
6560:
6551:
6550:
6548:
6546:
6526:
6515:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6501:. Archived from
6490:
6477:
6470:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6459:
6450:. Archived from
6439:
6433:
6432:
6430:
6428:
6409:(May 26, 2009).
6403:
6397:
6396:
6395:on July 7, 2011.
6394:
6379:
6371:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6360:
6351:. Archived from
6341:
6330:
6329:
6327:
6325:
6305:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6294:
6274:
6263:
6262:
6260:
6258:
6238:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6227:
6208:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6197:
6177:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6161:
6138:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6110:
6094:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6083:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6030:
6017:
6016:
6011:. Archived from
6001:
5995:
5994:
5992:
5990:
5968:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5944:
5924:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5910:
5905:on June 15, 2009
5883:
5874:
5873:
5871:
5869:
5849:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5838:
5818:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5798:
5783:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5749:
5743:
5742:
5736:
5728:
5726:
5724:
5704:
5693:
5692:
5690:
5688:
5679:. Archived from
5668:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5636:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5601:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5587:
5567:
5556:
5555:
5553:
5551:
5529:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5507:
5500:
5491:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5480:
5465:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5451:
5437:
5428:
5419:
5416:My Beloved World
5412:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5378:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5360:
5341:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5305:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5278:. Archived from
5265:
5254:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5236:
5216:
5207:
5206:
5203:The Key Reporter
5198:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5148:. Archived from
5145:National Journal
5138:(June 2, 2009).
5132:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5121:
5112:. Archived from
5099:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5085:
5076:. Archived from
5063:
5052:
5051:
5040:
5031:
5030:
5028:
5026:
5017:. Archived from
5004:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4993:
4973:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4953:
4933:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4915:
4895:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4847:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4811:
4800:
4799:
4791:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4755:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4723:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4707:
4687:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4653:
4644:
4639:Tribe and Matz,
4637:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4626:
4610:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4574:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4556:
4536:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4510:
4494:
4488:
4487:
4481:
4479:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4414:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4375:The Miami Herald
4369:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4346:. Archived from
4335:
4329:
4328:
4312:
4283:
4282:
4274:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4240:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4194:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4132:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4093:"Supreme Change"
4088:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4047:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4031:
4009:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3951:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3868:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3810:Associated Press
3797:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3774:. May 27, 2009.
3764:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3720:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3652:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3617:
3602:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3540:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3506:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3433:(May 26, 2009).
3427:
3410:
3391:
3385:
3373:Benjamin Cardozo
3369:
3284:
3282:Biography portal
3279:
3278:
3277:
3270:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3256:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3235:
3223:
3213:
3203:
3193:
3183:
3166:
3132:
3108:Yale Law Journal
3104:
3094:
3092:
3075:
3065:
3052:
3044:Yale Law Journal
3040:
3023:
3005:My Beloved World
2998:
2761:Best Seller List
2747:Michiko Kakutani
2742:Mi mundo adorado
2737:My Beloved World
2717:(2013), and the
2660:Other activities
2632:Ta-Nehisi Coates
2624:W. E. B. Du Bois
2599:was entitled to
2588:Mullenix v. Luna
2547:Fourth Amendment
2513:Fourth Amendment
2414:Stolen Valor Act
2402:Stolen Valor Act
2334:Miranda warnings
2229:Justices Kennedy
2075:Opinion Research
2039:Maloney v. Cuomo
1835:did not preempt
1793:José A. Cabranes
1735:Fourth Amendment
1712:Maloney v. Cuomo
1674:Second Amendment
1666:Maloney v. Cuomo
1649:Debra Livingston
1602:equal protection
1336:
1086:civil litigation
1061:Richard Maddicks
1057:police brutality
1027:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1007:
987:
986:
979:
918:Yale Law Journal
910:José A. Cabranes
880:Luis Muñoz Marín
810:William G. Bowen
733:, where she was
687:
673:
660:New York Yankees
652:Bronxdale Houses
561:Schuette v. BAMN
525:majority in the
483:Yale Law Journal
442:
437:
433:
432:
431:
430:
423:
420:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
388:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
336:
335:
314:
269:
267:
263:
241:
237:
233:
231:
215:Personal details
201:
189:
177:
168:
146:
134:
122:
113:
91:
79:
69:
35:
21:
20:
17714:
17713:
17709:
17708:
17707:
17705:
17704:
17703:
17529:
17528:
17527:
17522:
17518:
17506:
17505:
17504:
17490:
17463:
17462:
17461:
17342:
17341:
17340:
17314:
17313:
17312:
17197:
17196:
17195:
17089:
17045:
17044:
17043:
16785:Jackson (Jesse)
16607:
16606:
16605:
16332:
16331:
16330:
16317:Progressive Era
16254:
16253:
16252:
16229:Social equality
16116:Core principles
16111:
16110:
16109:
16054:
16050:
16047:
16017:
16004:
16000:Serena Williams
15943:
15887:
15873:Henrietta Lacks
15863:Barbara Hillary
15858:Aretha Franklin
15842:
15823:
15809:Sonia Sotomayor
15762:
15701:
15652:Tenley Albright
15640:
15626:Bernice Sandler
15584:
15565:Lilly Ledbetter
15540:Loretta C. Ford
15514:
15495:
15434:
15430:Henrietta Szold
15390:Eleanor K. Baum
15378:
15344:Hillary Clinton
15317:
15268:Gertrude Ederle
15263:Donna de Varona
15246:
15205:
15151:Rosalynn Carter
15129:
15105:Wilma L. Vaught
15060:Crystal Eastman
15055:Sylvia A. Earle
15019:
15000:
14996:Chien-Shiung Wu
14971:Felice Schwartz
14941:Julia Ward Howe
14884:
14875:Maria Tallchief
14818:
14774:Margaret Fuller
14769:Ella Fitzgerald
14764:Mary Baker Eddy
14717:
14673:Antonia Novello
14648:Anne Hutchinson
14581:
14522:Esther Peterson
14497:Wilma Mankiller
14417:Emily Blackwell
14395:
14379:
14344:
14325:
14289:
14263:
14242:
14221:
14217:Frances Perkins
14200:
14196:Sojourner Truth
14191:Margaret Sanger
14175:
14156:
14125:
14099:
14045:Emily Dickinson
14005:Marian Anderson
13984:
13973:
13967:
13937:
13932:
13849:
13834:
13766:
13751:
13738:
13726:
13723:
13693:
13684:
13673:
13672:
13666:
13664:
13566:
13507:J. M. Harlan II
13420:
13358:
13314:
13030:
13021:
13004:
12993:
12992:
12897:Harlan F. Stone
12833:Melville Fuller
12801:Salmon P. Chase
12711:
12698:
12692:
12651:
12639:
12637:
12623:
12599:
12591:
12581:
12572:
12568:
12561:
12551:
12542:
12538:
12531:
12484:
12482:
12481:on June 6, 2009
12473:
12468:Pace University
12464:Wayback Machine
12446:
12444:
12435:
12412:Sonia Sotomayor
12396:Sonia Sotomayor
12392:
12382:
12359:
12357:Further reading
12349:
12331:Tribe, Laurence
12329:
12323:
12313:Doubleday Press
12303:Toobin, Jeffrey
12301:
12295:
12275:
12269:
12248:
12245:
12240:
12239:
12229:
12227:
12214:
12213:
12204:
12194:
12192:
12184:
12183:
12179:
12169:
12167:
12157:
12153:
12143:
12141:
12129:
12125:
12115:
12113:
12100:
12099:
12095:
12085:
12083:
12070:
12069:
12065:
12055:
12053:
12040:
12039:
12035:
12025:
12023:
12010:
12009:
12005:
11995:
11993:
11980:
11979:
11975:
11965:
11963:
11946:
11942:
11932:
11930:
11915:
11914:
11910:
11900:
11898:
11885:
11884:
11880:
11870:
11868:
11855:
11854:
11850:
11840:
11838:
11830:
11829:
11825:
11815:
11813:
11804:
11803:
11799:
11789:
11787:
11770:
11766:
11756:
11754:
11749:. May 8, 2010.
11741:
11740:
11736:
11726:
11724:
11723:on May 30, 2009
11711:
11710:
11706:
11696:
11694:
11687:Pace University
11681:
11680:
11676:
11666:
11664:
11651:
11650:
11646:
11636:
11634:
11619:
11615:
11605:
11603:
11586:
11582:
11572:
11570:
11555:
11551:
11541:
11539:
11519:
11515:
11505:
11503:
11490:
11489:
11485:
11475:
11473:
11464:
11463:
11459:
11449:
11447:
11438:
11437:
11433:
11423:
11421:
11412:
11411:
11407:
11397:
11395:
11380:
11379:
11372:
11362:
11360:
11353:Yale University
11347:
11346:
11339:
11329:
11327:
11310:
11303:
11293:
11291:
11276:
11275:
11268:
11258:
11256:
11241:
11234:
11224:
11222:
11213:
11212:
11208:
11198:
11196:
11179:
11175:
11165:
11163:
11144:
11140:
11130:
11128:
11111:
11104:
11094:
11092:
11079:
11078:
11071:
11061:
11059:
11051:
11047:
11046:
11042:
11032:Wayback Machine
11022:
11018:
11008:Wayback Machine
10998:
10994:
10988:Wayback Machine
10980:Utah v. Strieff
10976:
10969:
10959:Wayback Machine
10949:
10945:
10935:
10933:
10918:
10909:
10905:(July 1, 2016).
10899:Wayback Machine
10889:
10876:
10866:Wayback Machine
10856:
10852:
10843:
10839:
10822:
10821:
10817:
10807:
10805:
10794:
10787:
10778:
10771:
10762:
10758:
10752:Wayback Machine
10737:
10733:
10723:
10721:
10720:. July 11, 2023
10712:
10711:
10707:
10697:
10695:
10680:
10676:
10667:
10663:
10654:
10650:
10641:
10637:
10628:
10624:
10615:
10611:
10602:
10598:
10589:
10585:
10575:
10573:
10560:(May 7, 2014).
10555:
10551:
10541:
10539:
10524:
10520:
10510:
10508:
10493:
10489:
10480:
10476:
10467:
10463:
10456:
10449:
10439:
10437:
10433:
10422:
10418:
10417:
10413:
10404:
10397:
10387:
10385:
10368:
10364:
10355:
10351:
10341:
10339:
10322:
10313:
10304:
10300:
10290:
10288:
10271:Toobin, Jeffrey
10268:
10261:
10251:
10249:
10229:
10218:
10208:
10206:
10189:
10182:
10172:
10170:
10159:
10155:
10145:
10143:
10132:
10128:
10118:
10116:
10099:
10095:
10085:
10083:
10073:
10069:
10059:
10057:
10042:
10038:
10028:
10026:
10011:
10007:
9997:
9995:
9982:
9981:
9977:
9967:
9965:
9950:
9946:
9936:
9934:
9922:The Denver Post
9913:
9906:
9896:
9894:
9879:
9875:
9865:
9863:
9852:
9848:
9838:
9836:
9832:
9821:
9817:
9816:
9812:
9802:
9800:
9783:
9776:
9766:
9764:
9755:
9754:
9747:
9737:
9735:
9720:
9716:
9706:
9704:
9695:
9694:
9690:
9680:
9678:
9661:
9657:
9636:
9632:
9622:
9620:
9605:
9601:
9591:
9589:
9572:
9568:
9552:
9551:
9544:
9542:
9527:
9523:
9513:
9511:
9496:
9492:
9482:
9480:
9461:
9460:
9453:
9443:
9441:
9430:
9426:
9416:
9414:
9401:
9400:
9396:
9386:
9384:
9373:
9369:
9356:
9352:
9342:
9340:
9325:
9321:
9311:
9309:
9300:
9299:
9295:
9285:
9283:
9268:
9264:
9254:
9252:
9235:
9231:
9221:
9219:
9210:
9209:
9205:
9195:
9193:
9184:
9183:
9176:
9166:
9164:
9147:
9143:
9134:
9125:
9109:
9108:
9101:
9099:
9085:
9081:
9071:
9069:
9052:
9048:
9038:
9036:
9027:
9026:
9019:
9010:
9006:
8996:
8994:
8979:
8975:
8965:
8963:
8948:
8944:
8934:
8932:
8912:
8908:
8898:
8896:
8892:
8888:
8887:
8883:
8873:
8871:
8859:
8855:
8845:
8843:
8826:
8822:
8812:
8810:
8793:
8789:
8779:
8777:
8762:
8753:
8743:
8741:
8734:Charles Schumer
8715:
8711:
8701:
8699:
8684:
8683:
8679:
8669:
8667:
8650:
8646:
8636:
8634:
8614:
8610:
8605:
8601:
8591:
8589:
8576:
8575:
8571:
8559:
8555:
8547:
8543:
8535:
8531:
8521:
8517:
8507:
8505:
8494:
8490:
8486:(2d Cir. 2001).
8484:Wayback Machine
8469:
8465:
8455:
8451:
8441:
8439:
8424:
8420:
8410:
8406:
8396:
8394:
8379:
8372:
8362:
8360:
8340:
8333:
8323:
8321:
8306:
8302:
8292:
8290:
8275:
8271:
8260:Chicago Tribune
8252:
8248:
8244:(2d Cir. 2001).
8242:Wayback Machine
8229:
8220:
8216:(2d Cir. 2004).
8214:Wayback Machine
8201:
8190:
8180:
8178:
8160:
8156:
8146:
8144:
8129:
8122:
8114:
8105:
8095:
8093:
8078:
8074:
8066:
8062:
8058:(2d Cir. 2008).
8056:Wayback Machine
8041:
8032:
8028:(2d Cir. 2005).
8026:Wayback Machine
8013:
8006:
7996:
7994:
7974:
7970:
7960:
7956:
7946:
7944:
7931:
7930:
7926:
7920:Wayback Machine
7905:
7898:
7888:
7886:
7877:
7876:
7872:
7862:
7860:
7845:
7838:
7828:
7826:
7811:
7796:
7786:
7784:
7769:
7765:
7755:
7753:
7735:
7731:
7721:
7719:
7710:
7709:
7700:
7690:
7688:
7672:
7668:
7658:
7656:
7643:
7642:
7635:
7625:
7623:
7608:
7604:
7594:
7592:
7579:
7578:
7574:
7564:
7562:
7547:
7543:
7533:
7531:
7516:
7512:
7502:
7500:
7483:
7479:
7469:
7467:
7463:
7452:
7446:
7442:
7433:
7429:
7419:
7417:
7402:
7398:
7388:
7386:
7371:
7367:
7351:
7350:
7343:
7341:
7324:
7320:
7309:
7305:
7295:
7293:
7275:
7271:
7260:
7253:
7243:
7241:
7224:
7215:
7205:
7203:
7186:
7177:
7167:
7165:
7152:
7151:
7147:
7140:
7122:
7115:
7104:
7100:
7090:
7088:
7071:
7070:
7066:
7056:
7054:
7041:
7040:
7036:
7026:
7024:
7009:
6998:
6988:
6986:
6975:
6968:
6958:
6956:
6941:
6926:
6916:
6914:
6905:
6904:
6889:
6879:
6877:
6868:
6867:
6863:
6855:
6851:
6842:
6838:
6828:
6826:
6811:
6807:
6795:
6791:
6784:
6770:
6766:
6758:
6754:
6744:
6742:
6725:
6724:
6720:
6710:
6708:
6693:
6689:
6682:
6656:
6652:
6642:
6640:
6625:
6621:
6611:
6609:
6596:
6595:
6588:
6578:
6576:
6561:
6554:
6544:
6542:
6527:
6518:
6508:
6506:
6505:on May 31, 2009
6491:
6480:
6471:
6467:
6457:
6455:
6440:
6436:
6426:
6424:
6404:
6400:
6392:
6377:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6358:
6356:
6343:
6342:
6333:
6323:
6321:
6306:
6302:
6292:
6290:
6275:
6266:
6256:
6254:
6239:
6235:
6225:
6223:
6210:
6209:
6205:
6195:
6193:
6178:
6169:
6159:
6157:
6142:Powell, Michael
6139:
6118:
6108:
6106:
6095:
6091:
6081:
6079:
6064:
6060:
6050:
6048:
6031:
6020:
6003:
6002:
5998:
5988:
5986:
5969:
5952:
5942:
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5925:
5918:
5908:
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5877:
5867:
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5846:
5836:
5834:
5819:
5806:
5796:
5794:
5785:
5784:
5777:
5767:
5765:
5750:
5746:
5730:
5729:
5722:
5720:
5705:
5696:
5686:
5684:
5683:on May 30, 2009
5669:
5660:
5650:
5648:
5637:
5628:
5618:
5616:
5603:
5602:
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5585:
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5568:
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5511:
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5492:
5488:
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5467:
5466:
5459:
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5447:
5435:
5429:
5422:
5413:
5406:
5396:
5394:
5379:
5368:
5358:
5356:
5355:on May 12, 2007
5349:Pace University
5343:
5342:
5333:
5323:
5321:
5306:
5295:
5285:
5283:
5275:Yale Daily News
5266:
5257:
5248:
5244:
5234:
5232:
5217:
5210:
5200:
5199:
5195:
5185:
5183:
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5165:
5155:
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5133:
5129:
5119:
5117:
5116:on May 16, 2009
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4006:
3996:
3994:
3983:
3979:
3969:
3967:
3952:
3899:
3889:
3887:
3872:Totenberg, Nina
3869:
3860:
3850:
3848:
3833:
3829:
3819:
3817:
3798:
3791:
3781:
3779:
3766:
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3721:
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3644:
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3605:
3599:Wayback Machine
3581:Wayback Machine
3571:
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3507:
3490:
3480:
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3428:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3407:Anthony Kennedy
3399:Clarence Thomas
3392:
3388:
3370:
3363:
3358:
3280:
3275:
3273:
3266:
3261:
3259:
3252:
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3196:
3181:
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3142:
3139:
3102:
3097:
3090:
3073:
3068:
3055:
3038:
3033:
3030:
3020:
3010:Alfred A. Knopf
3001:
2995:
2978:
2939:
2934:
2856:Yale University
2800:
2784:
2732:Alfred A. Knopf
2715:Yale University
2690:adjunct faculty
2662:
2648:
2609:Utah v. Strieff
2535:Richard J. Leon
2509:
2501:Arizona SB 1070
2491:
2460:Wheaton College
2448:Commerce Clause
2430:
2418:First Amendment
2404:
2336:
2323:
2321:Notable rulings
2248:Sixth Amendment
2214:Donald Verrilli
2187:First Amendment
2153:
1959:Charles Schumer
1939:
1933:
1928:
1887:
1885:Property rights
1855:
1819:Maurice Clarett
1805:
1770:
1748:
1737:challenge by a
1720:
1700:Seventh Circuit
1662:
1624:First Amendment
1610:
1584:
1579:
1577:Notable rulings
1555:Guido Calabresi
1497:
1478:Majority Leader
1443:Clarence Thomas
1383:
1378:
1334:
1270:
1268:Notable rulings
1245:
1190:
1185:
1040:New York County
1028:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1001:
988:
984:
977:
923:managing editor
921:, and was also
905:Yale Law School
893:summa cum laude
777:
723:
703:type 1 diabetes
695:
694:
693:
692:
691:
688:
679:
678:
677:
674:
644:housing project
617:practical nurse
582:
573:Trump v. Hawaii
567:Utah v. Strieff
478:Yale Law School
465:summa cum laude
435:
426:
425:
389:
369:
365:
351:
350:
349:
348:
347:
345:
337:
330:
327:
302:
293:Yale University
271:
268: 1983)
259:
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109:
89:
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60:
38:
26:
25:Sonia Sotomayor
17:
12:
11:
5:
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17315:
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17306:
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17299:
17294:
17289:
17284:
17279:
17274:
17272:Black-and-tans
17259:
17253:
17247:
17241:
17239:People's Party
17236:
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16902:
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16892:
16887:
16882:
16877:
16872:
16867:
16862:
16857:
16852:
16850:King (Coretta)
16847:
16842:
16837:
16832:
16827:
16825:Kennedy (John)
16822:
16817:
16812:
16807:
16802:
16797:
16792:
16787:
16782:
16777:
16772:
16767:
16762:
16757:
16752:
16747:
16742:
16737:
16732:
16727:
16722:
16717:
16712:
16707:
16702:
16700:Cuomo (Andrew)
16697:
16692:
16687:
16685:Clinton (Bill)
16682:
16677:
16672:
16667:
16662:
16657:
16652:
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16494:
16489:
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16474:
16469:
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16454:
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16442:King (Coretta)
16439:
16434:
16429:
16424:
16419:
16414:
16409:
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16399:
16394:
16389:
16384:
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16274:
16269:
16264:
16263:
16262:
16260:
16256:
16255:
16251:
16246:
16241:
16239:Social welfare
16236:
16234:Social justice
16231:
16226:
16221:
16216:
16211:
16206:
16201:
16196:
16191:
16186:
16184:Harm Principle
16181:
16176:
16171:
16166:
16161:
16156:
16151:
16146:
16144:Egalitarianism
16141:
16136:
16131:
16126:
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16120:
16119:
16117:
16113:
16112:
16108:
16107:
16102:
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16055:
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16031:
16023:
16014:
16013:
16010:
16009:
16006:
16005:
16003:
16002:
15997:
15992:
15987:
15982:
15980:Judith Plaskow
15977:
15975:Peggy McIntosh
15972:
15967:
15962:
15957:
15951:
15949:
15945:
15944:
15942:
15941:
15939:Michelle Obama
15936:
15931:
15926:
15921:
15916:
15911:
15906:
15901:
15895:
15893:
15889:
15888:
15886:
15885:
15880:
15875:
15870:
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15854:
15852:
15844:
15843:
15833:
15832:
15829:
15828:
15825:
15824:
15822:
15821:
15816:
15814:Laurie Spiegel
15811:
15806:
15801:
15796:
15791:
15786:
15781:
15776:
15770:
15768:
15764:
15763:
15761:
15760:
15755:
15750:
15745:
15740:
15735:
15733:Sherry Lansing
15730:
15725:
15720:
15718:Temple Grandin
15715:
15709:
15707:
15703:
15702:
15700:
15699:
15694:
15689:
15684:
15679:
15677:Jean Kilbourne
15674:
15669:
15664:
15659:
15654:
15648:
15646:
15642:
15641:
15639:
15638:
15633:
15628:
15623:
15618:
15613:
15608:
15603:
15601:Ina May Gaskin
15598:
15592:
15590:
15586:
15585:
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15582:
15577:
15572:
15567:
15562:
15557:
15555:Billie Holiday
15552:
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15325:
15323:
15319:
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15310:
15305:
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15295:
15290:
15288:Dorothea Lange
15285:
15280:
15275:
15270:
15265:
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15206:
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15203:
15198:
15193:
15188:
15183:
15178:
15173:
15168:
15163:
15161:Bessie Coleman
15158:
15153:
15148:
15143:
15137:
15135:
15131:
15130:
15128:
15127:
15122:
15117:
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14928:
14923:
14918:
14913:
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14903:
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14892:
14890:
14886:
14885:
14883:
14882:
14877:
14872:
14867:
14862:
14857:
14852:
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14842:
14837:
14832:
14826:
14824:
14820:
14819:
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14816:
14811:
14806:
14801:
14796:
14791:
14786:
14781:
14776:
14771:
14766:
14761:
14756:
14751:
14749:Eileen Collins
14746:
14741:
14739:Amelia Bloomer
14736:
14731:
14729:Virginia Apgar
14725:
14723:
14719:
14718:
14716:
14715:
14710:
14705:
14700:
14698:Nettie Stevens
14695:
14693:Muriel Siebert
14690:
14685:
14680:
14678:Linda Richards
14675:
14670:
14668:Maria Mitchell
14665:
14663:Louise McManus
14660:
14655:
14650:
14645:
14640:
14635:
14630:
14625:
14620:
14618:Catherine East
14615:
14610:
14605:
14600:
14595:
14589:
14587:
14583:
14582:
14580:
14579:
14574:
14569:
14567:Faye Wattleton
14564:
14559:
14554:
14552:Helen Stephens
14549:
14547:Gloria Steinem
14544:
14539:
14534:
14529:
14524:
14519:
14514:
14509:
14504:
14499:
14494:
14489:
14484:
14479:
14474:
14472:Dolores Huerta
14469:
14467:Dorothy Height
14464:
14459:
14454:
14449:
14444:
14439:
14434:
14429:
14424:
14419:
14414:
14409:
14403:
14401:
14397:
14396:
14394:
14393:
14387:
14385:
14381:
14380:
14378:
14377:
14372:
14367:
14365:Barbara Jordan
14362:
14356:
14354:
14346:
14345:
14335:
14334:
14331:
14330:
14327:
14326:
14324:
14323:
14318:
14313:
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14290:
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14287:
14282:
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14265:
14264:
14262:
14261:
14256:
14250:
14248:
14244:
14243:
14241:
14240:
14235:
14233:Belva Lockwood
14229:
14227:
14223:
14222:
14220:
14219:
14214:
14208:
14206:
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14131:
14127:
14126:
14124:
14123:
14118:
14113:
14107:
14105:
14101:
14100:
14098:
14097:
14095:Harriet Tubman
14092:
14087:
14082:
14077:
14075:Florence Sabin
14072:
14067:
14062:
14057:
14055:Alice Hamilton
14052:
14050:Amelia Earhart
14047:
14042:
14037:
14032:
14027:
14022:
14017:
14012:
14007:
14002:
13996:
13994:
13986:
13985:
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13974:
13966:
13965:
13958:
13951:
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13851:
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13822:
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13812:
13807:
13802:
13797:
13792:
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13756:
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13752:
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13749:
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13714:
13707:
13699:
13690:
13689:
13686:
13685:
13676:
13674:
13665:
13663:
13662:
13661:(2022–present)
13656:
13655:(2020–present)
13650:
13649:(2018–present)
13644:
13643:(2017–present)
13638:
13637:(2010–present)
13632:
13631:(2009–present)
13626:
13625:(2006–present)
13620:
13614:
13608:
13607:(1991–present)
13602:
13596:
13590:
13584:
13578:
13572:
13564:
13558:
13552:
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13534:
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13510:
13504:
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13456:
13450:
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13356:
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13276:
13270:
13264:
13258:
13252:
13246:
13240:
13234:
13228:
13222:
13216:
13210:
13204:
13198:
13192:
13186:
13180:
13174:
13168:
13162:
13156:
13150:
13144:
13138:
13132:
13126:
13120:
13114:
13108:
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13096:
13090:
13084:
13078:
13072:
13066:
13060:
13054:
13048:
13042:
13036:
13027:
13026:
13023:
13022:
13010:
13009:
13006:
13005:
12996:
12994:
12991:
12990:
12974:
12958:
12942:
12926:
12913:Fred M. Vinson
12910:
12894:
12878:
12862:
12846:
12830:
12817:Morrison Waite
12814:
12798:
12785:Roger B. Taney
12782:
12766:
12750:
12734:
12717:
12716:
12713:
12712:
12709:Chief justices
12700:
12699:
12691:
12690:
12683:
12676:
12668:
12660:
12659:
12647:
12644:
12631:
12619:
12615:
12614:
12607:
12606:
12601:
12592:
12587:
12583:
12582:
12579:Raymond Lohier
12577:
12574:
12562:
12557:
12553:
12552:
12549:Victor Marrero
12547:
12544:
12532:
12527:
12523:
12522:
12521:Legal offices
12516:
12515:
12506:
12497:
12491:
12471:
12454:
12433:
12424:
12418:
12409:
12391:
12390:External links
12388:
12387:
12386:
12380:
12364:Biskupic, Joan
12358:
12355:
12354:
12353:
12347:
12327:
12321:
12299:
12293:
12273:
12267:
12244:
12241:
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12202:
12177:
12151:
12123:
12093:
12063:
12033:
12003:
11973:
11940:
11908:
11878:
11848:
11823:
11797:
11764:
11734:
11704:
11674:
11644:
11621:Hart, Robert.
11613:
11580:
11549:
11513:
11483:
11457:
11431:
11405:
11390:(in Spanish).
11370:
11337:
11301:
11266:
11232:
11206:
11173:
11138:
11102:
11069:
11040:
11016:
10992:
10967:
10943:
10907:
10874:
10850:
10837:
10815:
10785:
10769:
10767:, pp. 216–217.
10765:In the Balance
10756:
10731:
10705:
10674:
10661:
10659:, pp. 310–311.
10648:
10635:
10622:
10620:, pp. 198–199.
10618:In the Balance
10609:
10596:
10583:
10568:. p. A1.
10549:
10518:
10487:
10474:
10461:
10447:
10411:
10395:
10380:. p. A1.
10362:
10349:
10311:
10309:, pp. 260–264.
10298:
10280:The New Yorker
10259:
10244:. p. A1.
10216:
10180:
10153:
10126:
10093:
10067:
10036:
10005:
9975:
9944:
9904:
9873:
9846:
9810:
9774:
9745:
9714:
9688:
9655:
9630:
9599:
9566:
9521:
9490:
9451:
9424:
9394:
9367:
9350:
9319:
9293:
9262:
9229:
9203:
9192:. May 29, 2009
9190:Bloomberg News
9174:
9141:
9139:, pp. 254–255.
9123:
9079:
9046:
9017:
9013:In the Balance
9004:
8973:
8942:
8915:Biskupic, Joan
8906:
8881:
8853:
8820:
8787:
8751:
8709:
8677:
8644:
8608:
8599:
8569:
8553:
8541:
8529:
8515:
8488:
8463:
8449:
8434:. p. D3.
8418:
8404:
8370:
8331:
8300:
8269:
8246:
8218:
8188:
8163:Goldstein, Tom
8154:
8120:
8103:
8072:
8060:
8030:
8004:
7968:
7954:
7924:
7922:(2d Cir. 2002)
7896:
7870:
7836:
7794:
7763:
7738:Goldstein, Tom
7729:
7698:
7666:
7633:
7602:
7572:
7541:
7510:
7477:
7440:
7427:
7396:
7365:
7318:
7303:
7278:Biskupic, Joan
7269:
7251:
7213:
7175:
7145:
7138:
7132:. p. 81.
7113:
7098:
7064:
7034:
6996:
6966:
6924:
6887:
6861:
6849:
6836:
6805:
6789:
6782:
6764:
6752:
6718:
6687:
6680:
6650:
6619:
6586:
6552:
6516:
6478:
6474:In the Balance
6465:
6434:
6398:
6366:
6331:
6300:
6264:
6233:
6203:
6167:
6116:
6089:
6058:
6018:
5996:
5950:
5916:
5875:
5844:
5804:
5775:
5744:
5694:
5658:
5626:
5593:
5557:
5519:
5486:
5457:
5420:
5418:, pp. 182–183.
5404:
5366:
5331:
5293:
5255:
5251:In the Balance
5242:
5208:
5193:
5163:
5127:
5091:
5053:
5032:
4999:
4959:
4921:
4875:
4839:
4801:
4781:
4745:
4713:
4679:
4645:
4632:
4600:
4562:
4516:
4489:
4467:whitehouse.gov
4453:
4422:
4381:
4361:
4330:
4284:
4266:
4220:
4203:The New Yorker
4189:
4158:
4114:
4072:
4037:
4004:
3977:
3897:
3858:
3827:
3789:
3746:
3678:
3642:
3603:
3565:
3532:
3488:
3450:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3412:
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3395:Antonin Scalia
3386:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3354:
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3347:
3342:
3337:
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3327:
3322:
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3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3271:
3257:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3214:
3194:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3161:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3121:10.2307/795781
3115:(4): 825–849.
3095:
3066:
3053:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3018:
2999:
2993:
2985:Philomel Books
2976:
2965:
2951:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2816:Lehman College
2799:
2796:
2783:
2780:
2759:New York Times
2703:Bohemian Grove
2699:Belizean Grove
2670:Yankee Stadium
2661:
2658:
2647:
2644:
2640:carceral state
2555:Laurence Tribe
2517:privacy rights
2508:
2505:
2490:
2487:
2452:Jeffrey Toobin
2429:
2426:
2403:
2400:
2365:legal guardian
2335:
2332:
2322:
2319:
2289:Laurence Tribe
2237:Justice Scalia
2231:, Thomas, and
2204:Miranda rights
2152:
2149:
2135:(since 2010),
2106:Lindsey Graham
1978:Laurence Tribe
1935:Main article:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:commentators.
1886:
1883:
1854:
1851:
1804:
1801:
1769:
1766:
1758:21st Amendment
1747:
1744:
1719:
1716:
1704:Richard Posner
1661:
1658:
1609:
1606:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1567:George W. Bush
1496:
1493:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1347:Stephen Breyer
1269:
1266:
1244:
1241:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1139:gentrification
1030:
1029:
991:
989:
982:
976:
973:
890:and graduated
888:Phi Beta Kappa
843:, to create a
820:opinion pieces
815:New York Times
776:
773:
757:forensics team
722:
719:
689:
682:
681:
680:
675:
668:
667:
666:
665:
664:
656:Yankee Stadium
581:
578:
357:
356:
353:
352:
338:
328:
323:
322:
321:
320:
319:
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315:
308:
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250:
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243:
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223:
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217:
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212:
211:
208:
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205:Victor Marrero
202:
196:
195:
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184:
183:
178:
172:
171:
161:
160:
153:
152:
150:Raymond Lohier
147:
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140:
135:
129:
128:
123:
117:
116:
106:
105:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
72:August 8, 2009
67:Assumed office
62:
61:
54:
51:
50:
44:
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40:
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36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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17544:Living people
17542:
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17534:
17521:
17515:
17509:
17502:
17501:American Left
17499:
17497:
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17488:
17484:
17482:
17479:
17477:
17474:
17470:
17466:
17459:
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17450:ThinkProgress
17447:
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17158:K. B. Jackson
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16866:
16863:
16861:
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16853:
16851:
16848:
16846:
16843:
16841:
16840:Kennedy (Ted)
16838:
16836:
16833:
16831:
16828:
16826:
16823:
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16818:
16816:
16813:
16811:
16808:
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16803:
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16768:
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16751:
16748:
16746:
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16733:
16731:
16728:
16726:
16723:
16721:
16718:
16716:
16713:
16711:
16708:
16706:
16705:Cuomo (Mario)
16703:
16701:
16698:
16696:
16693:
16691:
16688:
16686:
16683:
16681:
16678:
16676:
16673:
16671:
16668:
16666:
16663:
16661:
16658:
16656:
16653:
16651:
16648:
16646:
16643:
16641:
16638:
16636:
16633:
16631:
16628:
16626:
16623:
16621:
16618:
16614:
16610:
16603:
16600:
16598:
16595:
16593:
16590:
16588:
16585:
16583:
16580:
16578:
16575:
16573:
16570:
16568:
16565:
16563:
16560:
16558:
16555:
16553:
16550:
16548:
16545:
16543:
16540:
16538:
16535:
16533:
16530:
16528:
16525:
16523:
16520:
16518:
16515:
16513:
16510:
16508:
16505:
16503:
16500:
16498:
16495:
16493:
16490:
16488:
16485:
16483:
16480:
16478:
16475:
16473:
16470:
16468:
16465:
16463:
16460:
16458:
16455:
16453:
16450:
16448:
16445:
16443:
16440:
16438:
16435:
16433:
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16428:
16425:
16423:
16420:
16418:
16415:
16413:
16410:
16408:
16405:
16403:
16400:
16398:
16395:
16393:
16390:
16388:
16385:
16383:
16380:
16378:
16375:
16373:
16370:
16368:
16365:
16363:
16360:
16358:
16355:
16353:
16350:
16346:
16344:Intellectuals
16342:
16339:
16335:
16328:
16325:
16323:
16320:
16318:
16315:
16313:
16310:
16308:
16305:
16303:
16300:
16298:
16295:
16293:
16290:
16288:
16287:Great Society
16285:
16283:
16280:
16278:
16275:
16273:
16270:
16268:
16265:
16261:
16257:
16250:
16249:Welfare state
16247:
16245:
16242:
16240:
16237:
16235:
16232:
16230:
16227:
16225:
16222:
16220:
16217:
16215:
16212:
16210:
16209:Republicanism
16207:
16205:
16204:Mixed economy
16202:
16200:
16197:
16195:
16192:
16190:
16189:Individualism
16187:
16185:
16182:
16180:
16177:
16175:
16172:
16170:
16167:
16165:
16162:
16160:
16157:
16155:
16152:
16150:
16147:
16145:
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16140:
16137:
16135:
16132:
16130:
16127:
16125:
16122:
16118:
16114:
16106:
16103:
16101:
16098:
16096:
16093:
16091:
16088:
16086:
16085:
16084:Laissez-faire
16081:
16079:
16076:
16074:
16071:
16069:
16066:
16065:
16061:
16057:
16053:
16044:
16039:
16037:
16032:
16030:
16025:
16024:
16021:
16001:
15998:
15996:
15993:
15991:
15988:
15986:
15983:
15981:
15978:
15976:
15973:
15971:
15968:
15966:
15963:
15961:
15958:
15956:
15955:Patricia Bath
15953:
15952:
15950:
15946:
15940:
15937:
15935:
15932:
15930:
15927:
15925:
15924:Emily Howland
15922:
15920:
15917:
15915:
15912:
15910:
15907:
15905:
15902:
15900:
15897:
15896:
15894:
15890:
15884:
15881:
15879:
15878:Toni Morrison
15876:
15874:
15871:
15869:
15866:
15864:
15861:
15859:
15856:
15855:
15853:
15849:
15845:
15838:
15834:
15820:
15817:
15815:
15812:
15810:
15807:
15805:
15802:
15800:
15797:
15795:
15792:
15790:
15787:
15785:
15782:
15780:
15777:
15775:
15774:Gloria Allred
15772:
15771:
15769:
15765:
15759:
15756:
15754:
15751:
15749:
15746:
15744:
15743:Aimee Mullins
15741:
15739:
15736:
15734:
15731:
15729:
15726:
15724:
15721:
15719:
15716:
15714:
15713:Matilda Cuomo
15711:
15710:
15708:
15704:
15698:
15697:Eleanor Smeal
15695:
15693:
15690:
15688:
15685:
15683:
15680:
15678:
15675:
15673:
15670:
15668:
15665:
15663:
15662:Martha Graham
15660:
15658:
15657:Nancy Brinker
15655:
15653:
15650:
15649:
15647:
15643:
15637:
15634:
15632:
15631:Anna Schwartz
15629:
15627:
15624:
15622:
15619:
15617:
15614:
15612:
15609:
15607:
15604:
15602:
15599:
15597:
15594:
15593:
15591:
15587:
15581:
15578:
15576:
15573:
15571:
15568:
15566:
15563:
15561:
15558:
15556:
15553:
15551:
15548:
15546:
15543:
15541:
15538:
15536:
15533:
15531:
15528:
15527:
15525:
15521:
15517:
15510:
15506:
15492:
15491:Kate Stoneman
15489:
15487:
15486:Susan Solomon
15484:
15482:
15479:
15477:
15474:
15472:
15469:
15467:
15464:
15462:
15459:
15457:
15454:
15452:
15449:
15447:
15444:
15443:
15441:
15437:
15431:
15428:
15426:
15423:
15421:
15418:
15416:
15413:
15411:
15410:Winona LaDuke
15408:
15406:
15403:
15401:
15398:
15396:
15393:
15391:
15388:
15387:
15385:
15381:
15375:
15372:
15370:
15367:
15365:
15362:
15360:
15357:
15355:
15352:
15350:
15347:
15345:
15342:
15340:
15339:Betty Bumpers
15337:
15335:
15332:
15330:
15327:
15326:
15324:
15320:
15314:
15311:
15309:
15308:Anne Sullivan
15306:
15304:
15301:
15299:
15296:
15294:
15291:
15289:
15286:
15284:
15281:
15279:
15276:
15274:
15271:
15269:
15266:
15264:
15261:
15259:
15256:
15255:
15253:
15249:
15243:
15240:
15238:
15235:
15233:
15230:
15228:
15225:
15223:
15220:
15218:
15215:
15214:
15212:
15208:
15202:
15199:
15197:
15194:
15192:
15189:
15187:
15184:
15182:
15179:
15177:
15176:Althea Gibson
15174:
15172:
15169:
15167:
15164:
15162:
15159:
15157:
15154:
15152:
15149:
15147:
15144:
15142:
15139:
15138:
15136:
15132:
15126:
15123:
15121:
15118:
15116:
15113:
15111:
15108:
15106:
15103:
15101:
15098:
15096:
15093:
15091:
15088:
15086:
15083:
15081:
15078:
15076:
15073:
15071:
15068:
15066:
15063:
15061:
15058:
15056:
15053:
15051:
15048:
15046:
15043:
15041:
15038:
15036:
15033:
15032:
15030:
15026:
15022:
15015:
15011:
14997:
14994:
14992:
14989:
14987:
14986:Florence Wald
14984:
14982:
14981:Beverly Sills
14979:
14977:
14974:
14972:
14969:
14967:
14964:
14962:
14959:
14957:
14954:
14952:
14951:Shannon Lucid
14949:
14947:
14944:
14942:
14939:
14937:
14934:
14932:
14929:
14927:
14924:
14922:
14919:
14917:
14914:
14912:
14909:
14907:
14904:
14902:
14899:
14897:
14894:
14893:
14891:
14887:
14881:
14880:Edith Wharton
14878:
14876:
14873:
14871:
14868:
14866:
14863:
14861:
14858:
14856:
14853:
14851:
14848:
14846:
14843:
14841:
14838:
14836:
14833:
14831:
14828:
14827:
14825:
14821:
14815:
14812:
14810:
14809:Pat Schroeder
14807:
14805:
14802:
14800:
14797:
14795:
14792:
14790:
14787:
14785:
14782:
14780:
14777:
14775:
14772:
14770:
14767:
14765:
14762:
14760:
14757:
14755:
14752:
14750:
14747:
14745:
14742:
14740:
14737:
14735:
14732:
14730:
14727:
14726:
14724:
14720:
14714:
14711:
14709:
14706:
14704:
14703:Oprah Winfrey
14701:
14699:
14696:
14694:
14691:
14689:
14686:
14684:
14683:Wilma Rudolph
14681:
14679:
14676:
14674:
14671:
14669:
14666:
14664:
14661:
14659:
14656:
14654:
14651:
14649:
14646:
14644:
14641:
14639:
14636:
14634:
14631:
14629:
14626:
14624:
14621:
14619:
14616:
14614:
14611:
14609:
14606:
14604:
14603:Myra Bradwell
14601:
14599:
14596:
14594:
14591:
14590:
14588:
14584:
14578:
14575:
14573:
14570:
14568:
14565:
14563:
14560:
14558:
14555:
14553:
14550:
14548:
14545:
14543:
14540:
14538:
14537:Elaine Roulet
14535:
14533:
14530:
14528:
14525:
14523:
14520:
14518:
14515:
14513:
14510:
14508:
14505:
14503:
14500:
14498:
14495:
14493:
14490:
14488:
14485:
14483:
14480:
14478:
14475:
14473:
14470:
14468:
14465:
14463:
14460:
14458:
14455:
14453:
14450:
14448:
14447:Betty Friedan
14445:
14443:
14440:
14438:
14435:
14433:
14430:
14428:
14425:
14423:
14420:
14418:
14415:
14413:
14410:
14408:
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14398:
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14389:
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14363:
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14347:
14340:
14336:
14322:
14319:
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14314:
14312:
14309:
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14302:
14299:
14298:
14296:
14292:
14286:
14283:
14281:
14278:
14276:
14273:
14272:
14270:
14266:
14260:
14257:
14255:
14252:
14251:
14249:
14245:
14239:
14238:Lucretia Mott
14236:
14234:
14231:
14230:
14228:
14224:
14218:
14215:
14213:
14210:
14209:
14207:
14203:
14197:
14194:
14192:
14189:
14188:
14186:
14182:
14178:
14171:
14167:
14153:
14150:
14148:
14145:
14143:
14140:
14138:
14135:
14134:
14132:
14128:
14122:
14119:
14117:
14116:Margaret Mead
14114:
14112:
14111:Abigail Adams
14109:
14108:
14106:
14102:
14096:
14093:
14091:
14088:
14086:
14083:
14081:
14078:
14076:
14073:
14071:
14068:
14066:
14063:
14061:
14058:
14056:
14053:
14051:
14048:
14046:
14043:
14041:
14038:
14036:
14035:Rachel Carson
14033:
14031:
14030:Pearl S. Buck
14028:
14026:
14023:
14021:
14018:
14016:
14013:
14011:
14008:
14006:
14003:
14001:
13998:
13997:
13995:
13991:
13987:
13980:
13976:
13972:
13964:
13959:
13957:
13952:
13950:
13945:
13944:
13941:
13929:
13926:
13924:
13921:
13919:
13916:
13914:
13911:
13909:
13906:
13904:
13901:
13899:
13896:
13894:
13891:
13889:
13886:
13884:
13881:
13879:
13876:
13874:
13871:
13869:
13866:
13864:
13861:
13859:
13856:
13855:
13852:
13848:
13844:
13843:
13837:
13831:
13828:
13826:
13823:
13821:
13818:
13816:
13813:
13811:
13808:
13806:
13803:
13801:
13798:
13796:
13793:
13791:
13788:
13786:
13783:
13781:
13778:
13776:
13773:
13772:
13769:
13765:
13761:
13760:
13754:
13748:
13745:
13744:
13741:
13736:
13735:
13729:
13720:
13715:
13713:
13708:
13706:
13701:
13700:
13697:
13680:
13670:
13660:
13657:
13654:
13651:
13648:
13645:
13642:
13639:
13636:
13633:
13630:
13627:
13624:
13621:
13618:
13615:
13612:
13609:
13606:
13603:
13600:
13597:
13594:
13591:
13588:
13585:
13582:
13579:
13576:
13573:
13570:* (1972–1986)
13569:
13565:
13562:
13559:
13556:
13553:
13550:
13547:
13544:
13541:
13538:
13535:
13532:
13529:
13526:
13523:
13520:
13517:
13514:
13511:
13508:
13505:
13502:
13499:
13496:
13493:
13490:
13487:
13484:
13481:
13478:
13475:
13472:
13469:
13466:
13463:
13460:
13457:
13454:
13451:
13448:
13445:
13442:
13439:
13436:
13433:
13430:
13427:
13424:* (1925–1941)
13423:
13419:
13416:
13413:
13410:
13407:
13404:
13401:
13398:
13395:
13392:
13389:
13386:
13383:
13380:
13377:
13374:
13371:
13368:
13365:
13362:* (1910–1916)
13361:
13357:
13354:
13351:
13348:
13345:
13342:
13339:
13336:
13333:
13330:
13327:
13324:
13321:
13318:* (1894–1910)
13317:
13313:
13310:
13307:
13304:
13301:
13298:
13295:
13292:
13289:
13286:
13283:
13280:
13277:
13274:
13271:
13268:
13265:
13262:
13259:
13256:
13253:
13250:
13247:
13244:
13241:
13238:
13235:
13232:
13229:
13226:
13223:
13220:
13217:
13214:
13211:
13208:
13205:
13202:
13199:
13196:
13193:
13190:
13187:
13184:
13181:
13178:
13175:
13172:
13169:
13166:
13163:
13160:
13157:
13154:
13151:
13148:
13145:
13142:
13139:
13136:
13133:
13130:
13127:
13124:
13121:
13118:
13115:
13112:
13109:
13106:
13103:
13100:
13097:
13094:
13091:
13088:
13085:
13082:
13079:
13076:
13073:
13070:
13067:
13064:
13061:
13058:
13055:
13052:
13049:
13046:
13043:
13040:
13037:
13034:* (1790–1791)
13033:
13029:
13028:
13024:
13020:
13015:
13011:
13000:
12988:
12987:
12982:
12978:
12975:
12972:
12971:
12966:
12962:
12959:
12956:
12955:
12950:
12946:
12943:
12940:
12939:
12934:
12930:
12927:
12924:
12923:
12918:
12914:
12911:
12908:
12907:
12902:
12898:
12895:
12892:
12891:
12886:
12882:
12879:
12876:
12875:
12870:
12866:
12863:
12860:
12859:
12854:
12850:
12847:
12844:
12843:
12838:
12834:
12831:
12828:
12827:
12822:
12818:
12815:
12812:
12811:
12806:
12802:
12799:
12796:
12795:
12790:
12786:
12783:
12780:
12779:
12774:
12770:
12769:John Marshall
12767:
12764:
12763:
12758:
12754:
12751:
12748:
12747:
12742:
12738:
12737:John Rutledge
12735:
12732:
12731:
12726:
12722:
12719:
12718:
12714:
12710:
12705:
12701:
12697:
12689:
12684:
12682:
12677:
12675:
12670:
12669:
12666:
12657:
12656:
12650:
12643:
12642:
12636:
12629:
12628:
12622:
12616:
12613:(ceremonial)
12612:
12608:
12605:
12600:2009–present
12598:
12597:
12590:
12584:
12580:
12571:
12570:
12565:Judge of the
12560:
12554:
12550:
12541:
12540:
12535:Judge of the
12530:
12524:
12519:
12514:
12510:
12507:
12505:
12501:
12498:
12495:
12492:
12480:
12476:
12472:
12469:
12465:
12461:
12458:
12455:
12442:
12438:
12434:
12432:
12428:
12425:
12422:
12419:
12417:
12413:
12410:
12407:
12403:
12402:
12397:
12394:
12393:
12383:
12381:9780374298746
12377:
12373:
12369:
12365:
12361:
12360:
12350:
12344:
12340:
12336:
12332:
12328:
12324:
12318:
12314:
12310:
12309:
12304:
12300:
12296:
12290:
12286:
12282:
12278:
12277:Tushnet, Mark
12274:
12270:
12264:
12260:
12255:
12254:
12247:
12246:
12225:
12221:
12217:
12211:
12209:
12207:
12191:
12187:
12181:
12166:
12162:
12155:
12140:
12139:
12134:
12127:
12111:
12107:
12103:
12097:
12081:
12077:
12073:
12067:
12051:
12047:
12043:
12037:
12021:
12017:
12013:
12007:
11991:
11987:
11983:
11977:
11961:
11957:
11956:
11951:
11944:
11928:
11924:
11923:
11918:
11912:
11896:
11892:
11888:
11882:
11866:
11862:
11858:
11852:
11837:
11833:
11827:
11811:
11807:
11801:
11785:
11781:
11780:
11775:
11768:
11752:
11748:
11744:
11738:
11722:
11718:
11714:
11708:
11692:
11688:
11684:
11678:
11662:
11658:
11654:
11648:
11632:
11628:
11624:
11617:
11601:
11597:
11596:
11591:
11584:
11568:
11564:
11560:
11553:
11537:
11533:
11532:
11527:
11523:
11517:
11501:
11497:
11493:
11487:
11471:
11467:
11461:
11445:
11441:
11435:
11419:
11415:
11409:
11393:
11389:
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11377:
11375:
11358:
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11350:
11344:
11342:
11325:
11321:
11320:
11315:
11308:
11306:
11289:
11285:
11284:
11279:
11273:
11271:
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11216:
11210:
11194:
11190:
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11177:
11161:
11157:
11153:
11149:
11142:
11126:
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11121:
11116:
11109:
11107:
11090:
11086:
11082:
11076:
11074:
11057:
11050:
11044:
11037:
11033:
11029:
11026:
11020:
11013:
11009:
11005:
11002:
10996:
10989:
10985:
10982:
10981:
10974:
10972:
10964:
10960:
10956:
10953:
10947:
10931:
10927:
10923:
10916:
10914:
10912:
10904:
10900:
10896:
10893:
10887:
10885:
10883:
10881:
10879:
10871:
10867:
10863:
10860:
10854:
10847:
10841:
10833:
10829:
10825:
10819:
10803:
10799:
10792:
10790:
10782:
10776:
10774:
10766:
10760:
10753:
10749:
10746:
10742:
10741:
10735:
10719:
10715:
10709:
10693:
10689:
10685:
10678:
10671:
10665:
10658:
10652:
10645:
10639:
10632:
10626:
10619:
10613:
10606:
10600:
10593:
10587:
10571:
10567:
10563:
10559:
10553:
10537:
10533:
10529:
10522:
10511:September 14,
10506:
10502:
10498:
10491:
10484:
10478:
10471:
10465:
10459:
10454:
10452:
10432:
10428:
10421:
10415:
10408:
10402:
10400:
10383:
10379:
10378:
10373:
10366:
10359:
10353:
10337:
10333:
10332:
10327:
10320:
10318:
10316:
10308:
10302:
10286:
10282:
10281:
10276:
10272:
10266:
10264:
10247:
10243:
10242:
10237:
10233:
10227:
10225:
10223:
10221:
10209:September 22,
10204:
10200:
10199:
10194:
10187:
10185:
10173:September 22,
10168:
10164:
10157:
10141:
10137:
10130:
10114:
10110:
10109:
10104:
10097:
10082:
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9911:
9909:
9892:
9888:
9884:
9877:
9861:
9857:
9850:
9831:
9827:
9820:
9814:
9798:
9794:
9793:
9788:
9781:
9779:
9762:
9758:
9752:
9750:
9733:
9729:
9725:
9718:
9702:
9698:
9692:
9676:
9672:
9671:
9666:
9659:
9651:
9647:
9646:
9641:
9634:
9618:
9614:
9610:
9603:
9587:
9583:
9582:
9577:
9570:
9562:
9556:
9540:
9536:
9532:
9525:
9509:
9505:
9501:
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9456:
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9250:
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9213:
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9187:
9181:
9179:
9162:
9158:
9157:
9152:
9145:
9138:
9132:
9130:
9128:
9119:
9113:
9097:
9093:
9089:
9083:
9067:
9063:
9062:
9057:
9050:
9034:
9030:
9024:
9022:
9014:
9008:
8992:
8988:
8984:
8977:
8961:
8957:
8953:
8946:
8930:
8926:
8925:
8920:
8916:
8910:
8895:. May 4, 2009
8891:
8885:
8870:
8869:
8864:
8857:
8841:
8837:
8836:
8831:
8824:
8808:
8804:
8803:
8798:
8791:
8775:
8771:
8767:
8760:
8758:
8756:
8739:
8735:
8731:
8727:
8723:
8719:
8713:
8697:
8693:
8692:
8687:
8681:
8665:
8661:
8660:
8655:
8648:
8637:September 14,
8632:
8628:
8627:
8622:
8618:
8612:
8603:
8587:
8583:
8579:
8573:
8566:
8562:
8557:
8550:
8545:
8538:
8533:
8526:
8525:
8519:
8503:
8499:
8492:
8485:
8481:
8478:
8474:
8473:
8467:
8460:
8459:
8453:
8437:
8433:
8429:
8422:
8415:
8414:
8408:
8392:
8388:
8384:
8377:
8375:
8358:
8354:
8353:
8348:
8344:
8338:
8336:
8319:
8315:
8311:
8304:
8288:
8284:
8280:
8273:
8265:
8261:
8257:
8250:
8243:
8239:
8236:
8232:
8227:
8225:
8223:
8215:
8211:
8208:
8207:382 F.3d. 225
8204:
8199:
8197:
8195:
8193:
8181:September 19,
8176:
8172:
8168:
8164:
8158:
8142:
8138:
8134:
8127:
8125:
8117:
8112:
8110:
8108:
8091:
8087:
8083:
8076:
8069:
8064:
8057:
8053:
8050:
8046:
8045:
8039:
8037:
8035:
8027:
8023:
8020:
8016:
8011:
8009:
7992:
7988:
7987:
7982:
7978:
7972:
7965:
7964:
7958:
7942:
7938:
7934:
7928:
7921:
7917:
7914:
7910:
7909:
7903:
7901:
7884:
7880:
7874:
7858:
7854:
7850:
7843:
7841:
7824:
7820:
7816:
7809:
7807:
7805:
7803:
7801:
7799:
7782:
7778:
7774:
7767:
7756:September 19,
7751:
7747:
7743:
7739:
7733:
7717:
7713:
7707:
7705:
7703:
7686:
7682:
7678:
7670:
7654:
7650:
7646:
7640:
7638:
7621:
7617:
7613:
7606:
7590:
7586:
7582:
7576:
7560:
7556:
7552:
7545:
7529:
7525:
7521:
7514:
7498:
7494:
7493:
7488:
7481:
7462:
7458:
7451:
7444:
7437:
7431:
7415:
7411:
7407:
7400:
7384:
7380:
7376:
7369:
7361:
7355:
7339:
7335:
7334:
7329:
7322:
7314:
7307:
7296:September 14,
7291:
7287:
7283:
7279:
7273:
7265:
7258:
7256:
7239:
7235:
7234:
7229:
7222:
7220:
7218:
7201:
7197:
7196:
7191:
7184:
7182:
7180:
7163:
7159:
7155:
7149:
7141:
7139:0-8142-0891-6
7135:
7131:
7127:
7120:
7118:
7110:. p. A4.
7109:
7102:
7086:
7082:
7081:Patrick Leahy
7078:
7074:
7068:
7052:
7048:
7044:
7038:
7022:
7018:
7014:
7007:
7005:
7003:
7001:
6984:
6980:
6973:
6971:
6954:
6950:
6946:
6939:
6937:
6935:
6933:
6931:
6929:
6912:
6908:
6902:
6900:
6898:
6896:
6894:
6892:
6875:
6871:
6865:
6858:
6853:
6846:
6840:
6824:
6820:
6816:
6809:
6802:
6798:
6793:
6785:
6783:1-56639-890-8
6779:
6775:
6768:
6761:
6756:
6740:
6736:
6732:
6728:
6722:
6706:
6702:
6698:
6691:
6683:
6681:0-253-34680-0
6677:
6673:
6669:
6664:
6663:
6654:
6638:
6634:
6630:
6623:
6607:
6603:
6599:
6593:
6591:
6574:
6570:
6566:
6559:
6557:
6540:
6536:
6532:
6525:
6523:
6521:
6504:
6500:
6496:
6489:
6487:
6485:
6483:
6475:
6469:
6453:
6449:
6445:
6438:
6422:
6418:
6417:
6412:
6408:
6402:
6391:
6387:
6383:
6376:
6370:
6354:
6350:
6346:
6340:
6338:
6336:
6319:
6315:
6311:
6304:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6273:
6271:
6269:
6252:
6248:
6244:
6237:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6207:
6191:
6187:
6183:
6176:
6174:
6172:
6155:
6151:
6147:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6133:
6131:
6129:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6121:
6104:
6100:
6093:
6077:
6073:
6069:
6062:
6046:
6042:
6041:
6036:
6029:
6027:
6025:
6023:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6000:
5984:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5967:
5965:
5963:
5961:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5938:
5934:
5930:
5923:
5921:
5904:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5890:
5889:
5882:
5880:
5863:
5859:
5855:
5848:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5817:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5792:
5788:
5782:
5780:
5763:
5759:
5755:
5748:
5740:
5734:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5703:
5701:
5699:
5682:
5678:
5674:
5667:
5665:
5663:
5646:
5642:
5635:
5633:
5631:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5600:
5598:
5581:
5577:
5573:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5545:
5541:
5540:
5535:
5528:
5526:
5524:
5504:
5497:
5490:
5474:
5470:
5464:
5462:
5445:
5441:
5434:
5427:
5425:
5417:
5411:
5409:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5377:
5375:
5373:
5371:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5319:
5315:
5311:
5304:
5302:
5300:
5298:
5286:September 19,
5281:
5277:
5276:
5271:
5264:
5262:
5260:
5252:
5246:
5230:
5226:
5222:
5215:
5213:
5204:
5197:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5167:
5151:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5137:
5131:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5098:
5096:
5079:
5075:
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5069:
5062:
5060:
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5049:
5045:
5039:
5037:
5020:
5016:
5015:
5010:
5003:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4947:
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4939:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4863:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4846:
4844:
4827:
4823:
4822:
4817:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4797:
4790:
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4786:
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4754:
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4733:
4729:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4701:
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4636:
4620:
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4609:
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4527:
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4504:
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4463:
4457:
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4437:
4433:
4426:
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4396:
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4377:
4376:
4368:
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4345:
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4326:
4322:
4318:
4311:
4309:
4307:
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4301:
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4280:
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4271:
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4119:
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4098:
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4060:
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4008:
3992:
3988:
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3811:
3807:
3803:
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3777:
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3751:
3734:
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3709:
3707:
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3697:
3695:
3693:
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3687:
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3662:
3658:
3651:
3649:
3647:
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3614:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3592:
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3578:
3575:
3569:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3520:
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3512:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3432:
3426:
3422:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3390:
3382:
3378:
3377:Sephardic Jew
3374:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3272:
3269:
3258:
3255:
3244:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3200:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3180:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3162:9781584656661
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3141:
3140:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3101:
3096:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3037:
3032:
3031:
3021:
3019:9780307594884
3015:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3000:
2996:
2994:9780525514084
2990:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2957:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2929:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2809:
2808:John P. Frank
2804:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2782:Personal life
2779:
2776:
2775:Kamala Harris
2771:
2769:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2724:Sesame Street
2720:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2691:
2688:in a paying,
2687:
2683:
2679:
2671:
2666:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2628:James Baldwin
2625:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2573:drunk driving
2570:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2425:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2327:
2318:
2316:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2297:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2268:Kamala Harris
2265:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2170:
2166:
2163:, Sotomayor,
2162:
2157:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2025:Patrick Leahy
2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2006:Newt Gingrich
2004:
2000:
1999:Rush Limbaugh
1994:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1943:
1938:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1882:
1880:
1875:
1873:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1789:summary order
1786:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1457:Patrick Leahy
1453:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1424:Rush Limbaugh
1420:
1419:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1387:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1158:Rudy Giuliani
1155:
1154:David Dinkins
1151:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1026:
1023:
1015:
1005:
999:
997:
992:This section
990:
981:
980:
972:
970:
966:
961:
959:
958:
952:
948:
943:
940:
936:
935:
930:
929:
924:
920:
919:
913:
911:
906:
901:
899:
895:
894:
889:
885:
881:
877:
876:senior thesis
868:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
833:
831:
827:
826:
821:
817:
816:
811:
807:
802:
799:
795:
789:
786:
782:
772:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
749:
747:
746:
741:
736:
735:valedictorian
732:
728:
718:
715:
714:
708:
704:
700:
686:
672:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
601:
599:
595:
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15758:Alice Waters
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1395:Bill Clinton
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1311:Vince Foster
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559:
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543:Barack Obama
540:
515:Bill Clinton
504:
481:
474:Juris Doctor
463:
457:
453:Barack Obama
361:
360:
340:
251:Kevin Noonan
200:Succeeded by
176:Nominated by
165:
145:Succeeded by
126:Bill Clinton
121:Nominated by
110:
95:David Souter
83:Barack Obama
78:Nominated by
66:
55:
18:
17539:1954 births
17319:Think tanks
17277:Half-Breeds
16970:Rockefeller
16860:La Follette
16612:Politicians
16512:Schlesinger
16214:Rule of law
16179:Free market
16129:Due process
16095:Progressive
15990:Sandy Stone
15934:Indra Nooyi
15606:Julie Krone
15405:Swanee Hunt
15395:Julia Child
15359:Maya Y. Lin
15232:Bertha Holt
15166:Dorothy Day
15100:Ida Tarbell
15065:Jeanne Holm
14794:Maggie Kuhn
14593:Bella Abzug
14482:Mae Jemison
14452:Ella Grasso
14442:Alice Evans
14432:Ruth Colvin
14060:Helen Hayes
14000:Jane Addams
13619:(1994–2022)
13613:(1993–2020)
13601:(1990–2009)
13595:(1988–2018)
13589:(1986–2016)
13583:(1981–2006)
13577:(1975–2010)
13563:(1972–1987)
13557:(1970–1994)
13551:(1967–1991)
13549:T. Marshall
13545:(1965–1969)
13539:(1962–1965)
13533:(1962–1993)
13527:(1958–1981)
13521:(1957–1962)
13515:(1956–1990)
13509:(1955–1971)
13503:(1949–1956)
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13491:(1945–1958)
13485:(1943–1949)
13483:W. Rutledge
13479:(1941–1954)
13473:(1941–1942)
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13455:(1939–1962)
13453:Frankfurter
13449:(1938–1957)
13443:(1937–1971)
13437:(1932–1938)
13431:(1930–1945)
13417:(1923–1930)
13411:(1923–1939)
13405:(1922–1938)
13399:(1916–1922)
13393:(1916–1939)
13387:(1914–1941)
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13375:(1911–1916)
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13349:(1906–1910)
13343:(1903–1922)
13337:(1902–1932)
13331:(1898–1925)
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13311:(1893–1895)
13305:(1892–1903)
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13275:(1882–1902)
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13257:(1877–1911)
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13215:(1862–1881)
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13203:(1853–1861)
13197:(1851–1857)
13191:(1846–1870)
13185:(1845–1851)
13179:(1845–1872)
13173:(1842–1860)
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13107:(1807–1826)
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13095:(1804–1834)
13089:(1800–1804)
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13065:(1792–1793)
13059:(1790–1799)
13053:(1790–1795)
13047:(1789–1798)
13041:(1790–1810)
13032:J. Rutledge
12929:Earl Warren
12649:Elena Kagan
12427:Appearances
12416:Ballotpedia
12056:November 2,
11996:December 4,
11816:October 14,
11667:January 16,
11606:January 26,
11573:January 26,
11542:January 24,
11476:January 24,
11023:Matt Ford,
10857:Matt Ford,
10698:January 28,
10542:January 20,
10146:October 14,
10060:October 31,
8935:October 14,
8235:266 F.3d 64
7233:ABA Journal
6774:Legal Bases
6407:York, Byron
6051:January 17,
6040:ABA Journal
5414:Sotomayor,
5397:January 14,
3890:January 24,
3558:October 25,
3151:. Lebanon:
2910:medal from
2901:Elena Kagan
2489:Immigration
2482:Hobby Lobby
2294:Earl Warren
2253:originalist
2169:Elena Kagan
2151:Justiceship
2133:Elena Kagan
2051:Gallup poll
2010:John Cornyn
1967:Ken Salazar
1920:libertarian
1510:ABA Journal
1485:Orrin Hatch
1461:secret hold
1452:continued.
1220:Ted Kennedy
1211:vacated by
1126:Mario Cuomo
1119:independent
1082:arbitration
1049:shoplifting
1012:August 2024
745:Perry Mason
628:South Bronx
615:and then a
188:Preceded by
133:Preceded by
90:Preceded by
17533:Categories
17436:Sojourners
17394:The Nation
17056:Boghossian
17040:Yarborough
16865:La Guardia
16422:Hofstadter
16282:Gilded Age
15789:Jane Fonda
15784:Sarah Deer
15596:Betty Ford
15085:Janet Reno
14931:Gerty Cori
14906:Nellie Bly
14598:Ella Baker
14517:Rosa Parks
14311:Sally Ride
14280:Lucy Stone
14147:Alice Paul
13659:K. Jackson
13477:R. Jackson
13429:O. Roberts
13403:Sutherland
13385:McReynolds
13309:H. Jackson
13279:Blatchford
13099:Livingston
13093:W. Johnson
13081:Washington
13063:T. Johnson
12573:1998–2009
12543:1992–1998
11319:Daily News
10427:SCOTUSblog
9866:August 21,
9803:August 21,
9312:August 22,
9088:Bash, Dana
9061:CQPolitics
8997:August 22,
8592:August 22,
8171:SCOTUSblog
7746:SCOTUSblog
6745:August 30,
6670:. p.
4706:August 30,
4436:Daily News
4321:Daily News
3417:References
3381:Portuguese
3192:: 375–391.
3145:"Foreword"
2971:New York:
2960:New York:
2946:New York:
2593:per curiam
1949:Following
1679:per curiam
1560:law clerks
1481:Trent Lott
1473:Al D'Amato
1439:gay rights
1339:LexisNexis
1198:Al D'Amato
1004:editing it
837:Peter Winn
769:Co-op City
740:Nancy Drew
632:East Bronx
594:Santa Rosa
580:Early life
523:Republican
498:, and the
447:. She was
230:1954-06-25
17172:Sotomayor
17081:Weinstein
17035:Wellstone
17015:Stevenson
16795:Jefferson
16725:Feinstein
16655:Buttigieg
16602:Wellstone
16437:Jefferson
16427:Ingersoll
16412:Galbraith
16322:Third Way
16277:Fair Deal
16105:Third Way
16068:Classical
15919:Joy Harjo
15841:2020–2029
15513:2010–2019
15303:Sacagawea
15050:Mary Dyer
15018:2000–2009
14487:Mary Lyon
14343:1990–1999
14174:1980–1989
13983:1970–1979
13747:1992–1998
13647:Kavanaugh
13629:Sotomayor
13568:Rehnquist
13519:Whittaker
12965:1986–2005
12949:1969–1986
12933:1953–1969
12917:1946–1953
12901:1941–1946
12885:1930–1941
12869:1921–1930
12853:1910–1921
12837:1888–1910
12821:1874–1888
12805:1864–1873
12789:1836–1864
12773:1801–1835
12757:1796–1800
12725:1789–1795
12604:Incumbent
12144:March 23,
12026:April 28,
11966:August 2,
11841:April 26,
11757:August 6,
11697:August 4,
11294:August 4,
10848:, p. 285.
10783:, p. 280.
10763:Tushnet,
10646:, p. 317.
10633:, p. 233.
10616:Tushnet,
10607:, p. 117.
10360:, p. 342.
10291:March 16,
10119:August 5,
10050:USA Today
10029:August 5,
9988:USA Today
9897:August 6,
9767:August 6,
9555:cite news
9545:August 7,
9112:cite news
9011:Tushnet,
8987:USA Today
8924:USA Today
8096:August 8,
7438:, p. 253.
7420:August 3,
7389:August 8,
7354:cite news
7286:USA Today
7057:August 8,
6880:August 2,
6847:, p. 133.
6731:USA Today
6472:Tushnet,
5797:August 2,
5733:cite news
5249:Tushnet,
5084:August 1,
4411:cite news
4151:August 2,
3345:Nuyorican
3137:Forewords
2597:car chase
2260:Joe Biden
1670:nunchucks
1495:Judgeship
1243:Judgeship
1099:Chinatown
1053:robberies
731:Soundview
721:Education
699:alcoholic
648:Soundview
636:Nuyorican
586:the Bronx
460:the Bronx
449:nominated
307:Signature
276:Education
166:In office
111:In office
57:Incumbent
17468:See also
17375:HuffPost
17302:Mugwumps
17168:Marshall
17143:Ginsburg
17108:Brandeis
17103:Blackmun
17071:Sullivan
17000:Sharpton
16955:Randolph
16900:McGovern
16895:McCarthy
16855:King Jr.
16820:Kefauver
16800:Jeffries
16775:Humphrey
16670:Chisholm
16562:Trilling
16552:Sullivan
16517:Sharpton
16482:Nussbaum
16462:McGovern
16457:McCarthy
16447:King Jr.
16417:Garrison
16407:Friedman
16397:Franklin
16377:Douglass
16367:Commager
16307:New Deal
16078:Economic
15914:Mia Hamm
13611:Ginsburg
13581:O'Connor
13555:Blackmun
13537:Goldberg
13531:B. White
13391:Brandeis
13373:J. Lamar
13316:E. White
13285:L. Lamar
13267:Matthews
13207:Clifford
13201:Campbell
13183:Woodbury
13165:McKinley
13123:Thompson
13075:S. Chase
13069:Paterson
12721:John Jay
12460:Archived
12366:(2014).
12305:(2012).
12279:(2013).
12224:Archived
12116:June 21,
12110:Archived
12080:Archived
12050:Archived
12020:Archived
11990:Archived
11933:July 16,
11927:Archived
11810:Archived
11784:Archived
11751:Archived
11661:Archived
11631:Archived
11600:Archived
11536:Archived
11506:June 11,
11500:Archived
11470:Archived
11444:Archived
11418:Archived
11392:Archived
11357:Archived
11324:Archived
11288:Archived
11283:NBC News
11259:June 21,
11225:June 19,
11219:Archived
11193:Archived
11166:June 10,
11160:Archived
11125:Archived
11089:Archived
11028:Archived
11004:Archived
10984:Archived
10955:Archived
10930:Archived
10895:Archived
10862:Archived
10846:The Oath
10844:Toobin,
10808:June 13,
10802:Archived
10781:The Oath
10779:Toobin,
10748:Archived
10724:July 11,
10692:Archived
10688:The Week
10570:Archived
10536:Archived
10505:Archived
10485:, p. 10.
10431:Archived
10382:Archived
10336:Archived
10285:Archived
10246:Archived
10203:Archived
10167:Archived
10140:Archived
10113:Archived
10054:Archived
10023:Archived
9998:June 19,
9992:Archived
9968:June 19,
9962:Archived
9931:Archived
9891:Archived
9860:Archived
9830:Archived
9797:Archived
9761:Archived
9732:Archived
9707:July 29,
9701:Archived
9681:July 20,
9675:Archived
9623:July 16,
9617:Archived
9592:July 15,
9586:Archived
9539:Archived
9514:July 14,
9508:Archived
9483:July 14,
9477:Archived
9468:NBC News
9444:July 10,
9417:July 10,
9411:Archived
9387:June 12,
9381:Archived
9343:June 26,
9337:Archived
9306:Archived
9280:Archived
9249:Archived
9216:Archived
9161:Archived
9102:July 13,
9096:Archived
9033:Archived
9015:, p. 77.
8991:Archived
8960:Archived
8868:Politico
8835:NBC News
8807:Archived
8774:Archived
8738:Archived
8664:Archived
8631:Archived
8586:Archived
8502:Archived
8480:Archived
8436:Archived
8391:Archived
8363:July 14,
8324:July 14,
8318:Archived
8287:Archived
8238:Archived
8210:Archived
8175:Archived
8141:Archived
8090:Archived
8070:, p. 15.
8052:Archived
8022:Archived
7991:Archived
7941:Archived
7916:Archived
7857:Archived
7823:Archived
7781:Archived
7750:Archived
7716:Archived
7685:Archived
7653:Archived
7626:June 20,
7620:Archived
7589:Archived
7559:Archived
7534:July 10,
7528:Archived
7503:June 22,
7497:Archived
7470:June 26,
7461:Archived
7414:Archived
7383:Archived
7333:ABC News
7290:Archived
7238:Archived
7200:Archived
7162:Archived
7091:June 19,
7051:Archived
7021:Archived
6983:Archived
6953:Archived
6911:Archived
6874:Archived
6845:The Oath
6843:Toobin,
6823:Archived
6739:Archived
6705:Archived
6637:Archived
6606:Archived
6573:Archived
6539:Archived
6476:, p. 72.
6421:Archived
6318:Archived
6287:Archived
6251:Archived
6196:June 19,
6190:Archived
6154:Archived
6109:July 20,
6103:Archived
6076:Archived
6045:Archived
5983:Archived
5937:Archived
5909:June 12,
5862:Archived
5831:Archived
5791:Archived
5768:June 11,
5762:Archived
5723:July 10,
5717:Archived
5651:July 16,
5645:Archived
5613:Archived
5580:Archived
5544:Archived
5503:Archived
5473:Archived
5444:Archived
5391:Archived
5324:June 23,
5318:Archived
5253:, p. 80.
5229:Archived
5180:Archived
5156:July 30,
5025:July 21,
4986:Archived
4946:Archived
4908:Archived
4862:Archived
4826:Archived
4768:Archived
4738:July 15,
4732:Archived
4700:Archived
4666:Archived
4643:, p. 27.
4625:June 16,
4619:Archived
4593:June 16,
4587:Archived
4549:Archived
4509:July 14,
4503:Archived
4478:July 30,
4472:Archived
4446:July 21,
4440:Archived
4354:July 20,
4253:Archived
4207:Archived
4176:Archived
4145:Archived
4107:June 17,
4101:Archived
4059:Archived
4024:Archived
3997:July 14,
3991:Archived
3964:Archived
3884:Archived
3845:Archived
3814:Archived
3806:Newsvine
3776:Archived
3733:Archived
3665:Archived
3635:July 20,
3629:Archived
3595:Archived
3577:Archived
3552:Archived
3519:Archived
3481:June 23,
3475:Archived
3445:Archived
3384:meaning.
3240:See also
3234:: 23–26.
3212:: 87–93.
3171:Speeches
3028:Articles
2878:magazine
2866:(2019).
2854:(2012),
2850:(2010),
2846:(2010),
2842:(2010),
2838:(2007),
2834:(2006),
2830:(2003),
2826:(2001),
2822:(2001),
2818:(1999),
2713:(2012),
2646:Abortion
2474:Ginsburg
2302:The Week
2177:invested
2121:Hispanic
2055:Fox News
1803:Business
1582:Abortion
1505:centrist
1366:fair use
1361:Seinfeld
1134:hospices
822:for the
794:classics
640:tenement
623:, area.
436:Spanish:
17206:Parties
17181:Stevens
17153:Houston
17138:Dworkin
17133:Douglas
17123:Cardozo
17113:Brennan
17094:Jurists
17066:Lindsay
17025:Wallace
17005:Shriver
16995:Schumer
16965:Reuther
16935:O'Neill
16910:Mondale
16885:Madison
16880:Lindsay
16875:Lincoln
16805:Johnson
16740:Gompers
16735:Glasser
16715:Dukakis
16695:Clyburn
16635:Anthony
16630:Aguilar
16572:Thoreau
16567:Trotter
16547:Stewart
16542:Steinem
16537:Stanton
16522:Skinner
16432:Ireland
16402:Friedan
16387:Emerson
16382:Dworkin
16259:History
16059:Schools
13847:by term
13653:Barrett
13641:Gorsuch
13593:Kennedy
13575:Stevens
13525:Stewart
13513:Brennan
13459:Douglas
13435:Cardozo
13415:Sanford
13329:McKenna
13323:Peckham
13243:Bradley
13153:Barbour
13141:Baldwin
13129:Trimble
13057:Iredell
13039:Cushing
12502:at the
12485:May 21,
12447:May 30,
12398:at the
12230:June 2,
12195:June 6,
12170:June 6,
12086:May 10,
11922:Esquire
11901:May 31,
11871:May 30,
11790:May 19,
11727:May 31,
11363:May 24,
11330:May 19,
11249:Newsday
11199:June 5,
11131:May 31,
11095:May 31,
10828:KTAR-FM
10718:AP News
10642:Coyle,
10629:Coyle,
10603:Coyle,
10594:, p. 8.
10590:Coyle,
10472:, p. 4.
10468:Coyle,
10440:July 7,
10405:Coyle,
10356:Coyle,
10342:July 3,
10305:Coyle,
10138:. CNN.
10086:July 1,
10019:WNBC-TV
9937:May 30,
9858:. CNN.
9738:June 2,
9504:Reuters
9286:June 3,
9255:June 4,
9222:May 31,
9196:May 31,
9167:June 3,
9135:Coyle,
9094:. CNN.
9072:June 5,
9039:May 31,
8780:June 5,
8691:Esquire
8670:May 27,
8508:June 4,
8442:June 2,
8397:July 2,
8387:Reuters
8147:June 4,
7997:June 2,
7947:May 30,
7889:May 28,
7863:May 30,
7829:May 30,
7787:June 7,
7722:May 28,
7691:June 3,
7659:May 31,
7595:May 31,
7565:May 31,
7434:Coyle,
7344:May 30,
7206:June 1,
6989:July 7,
6981:. CNN.
6917:May 26,
6829:May 30,
6711:June 7,
6545:May 28,
6509:May 30,
6499:Newsday
6458:May 30,
6427:May 30,
6359:May 26,
6324:May 29,
6293:May 30,
6257:May 30,
6226:May 26,
6160:June 5,
6101:. CNN.
5989:May 29,
5943:July 7,
5868:June 1,
5837:June 7,
5687:May 27,
5643:. CNN.
5586:June 8,
5512:May 30,
5479:June 1,
5450:June 1,
5359:May 31,
5235:May 31,
5186:May 29,
5120:May 31,
4992:June 1,
4952:June 7,
4914:May 31,
4868:May 30,
4832:May 29,
4796:Newsday
4774:May 30,
4730:. CNN.
4617:. CNN.
4555:May 27,
4501:. CNN.
4401:May 27,
4279:Newsday
4213:May 27,
4182:May 30,
4065:May 31,
4030:May 31,
3989:. CNN.
3970:May 27,
3851:May 30,
3820:May 30,
3782:May 27,
3772:WABC-TV
3671:May 29,
3525:May 31,
2876:Esquire
2672:in 2007
2636:Strieff
2374:Miranda
2369:Miranda
2361:Miranda
2351:Miranda
2346:custody
2246:of the
1797:en banc
1507:by the
1146:Ed Koch
845:seminar
707:insulin
517:to the
270:
258:
254:
17491:(1950)
17258:(1948)
17252:(1924)
17246:(1912)
17191:Warren
17176:Souter
17148:Harlan
17128:Darrow
17118:Breyer
17076:Taibbi
17030:Warren
17020:Truman
16950:Powell
16945:Pelosi
16930:Newsom
16925:Nelson
16920:Murray
16915:Murphy
16890:Markey
16810:Jordan
16790:Javits
16770:Huerta
16755:Harris
16720:Farmer
16665:Chavez
16660:Carter
16625:Abrams
16592:Warren
16557:Sumner
16532:Sontag
16492:Pinker
16477:Nozick
16472:Murray
16452:Maddow
16362:Carson
16357:Addams
16352:Abbott
16337:People
16100:Social
16090:Modern
13617:Breyer
13605:Thomas
13599:Souter
13587:Scalia
13561:Powell
13543:Fortas
13501:Minton
13489:Burton
13471:Byrnes
13465:Murphy
13409:Butler
13397:Clarke
13379:Pitney
13360:Hughes
13353:Lurton
13335:Holmes
13303:Shiras
13291:Brewer
13237:Strong
13219:Miller
13213:Swayne
13195:Curtis
13177:Nelson
13171:Daniel
13159:Catron
13135:McLean
13111:Duvall
13045:Wilson
12431:C-SPAN
12378:
12345:
12319:
12291:
12265:
11627:Forbes
11398:May 7,
10903:Reason
8813:May 2,
8744:May 1,
8702:May 1,
8659:Reason
8626:Forbes
7244:May 1,
7136:
6780:
6678:
6612:May 1,
5436:(free)
3159:
3129:795781
3127:
3016:
2991:
2899:, and
2630:, and
2315:memoir
2216:, the
2167:, and
2023:chair
1872:Bivens
1866:Bivens
1368:. The
1156:, and
1095:Harlem
1080:, and
1038:under
570:, and
494:, the
246:Spouse
17429:Salon
17388:MSNBC
17347:Media
17186:Tribe
17163:Kagan
17086:Weiss
17061:Haidt
17010:Smith
16940:Obama
16870:Lewis
16845:Kerry
16815:Kaine
16765:Hoyer
16750:Hamer
16730:Frank
16675:Clark
16650:Bryan
16645:Biden
16640:Baker
16620:Abzug
16597:Wells
16582:Vidal
16577:Truth
16527:Smith
16502:Rorty
16497:Rawls
16487:Paine
16392:Frank
16372:Dewey
13635:Kagan
13623:Alito
13495:Clark
13441:Black
13422:Stone
13347:Moody
13297:Brown
13261:Woods
13231:Field
13225:Davis
13189:Grier
13147:Wayne
13117:Story
13087:Moore
13051:Blair
12986:cases
12970:cases
12954:cases
12938:cases
12922:cases
12906:cases
12890:cases
12874:cases
12858:cases
12842:cases
12826:cases
12810:cases
12794:cases
12778:cases
12762:cases
12746:cases
12730:cases
12466:from
11052:(PDF)
10963:Slate
10926:MSNBC
10434:(PDF)
10423:(PDF)
9833:(PDF)
9822:(PDF)
8893:(PDF)
7464:(PDF)
7453:(PDF)
6393:(PDF)
6378:(PDF)
5506:(PDF)
5499:(PDF)
3440:Slate
3356:Notes
3222:(PDF)
3202:(PDF)
3182:(PDF)
3125:JSTOR
3103:(PDF)
3091:(PDF)
3074:(PDF)
3064:: 59.
3039:(PDF)
2937:Books
2583:9-1-1
2575:. In
2559:Jones
2523:. In
2478:Kagan
2233:Alito
2117:111th
2094:Ricci
2063:Ricci
2042:1987
1335:'
1091:Fendi
598:Lajas
476:from
468:from
424:
260:(
256:
70:
16990:Rush
16960:Reid
16905:Milk
16760:Hays
16745:Gore
16710:Dean
16680:Clay
16587:Ward
16507:Rush
16467:Mott
15948:2024
15892:2022
15851:2020
15767:2019
15706:2017
15645:2015
15589:2013
15523:2011
15439:2009
15383:2007
15322:2005
15251:2003
15210:2002
15134:2001
15028:2000
14889:1998
14823:1996
14722:1995
14586:1994
14400:1993
14384:1991
14353:1990
14294:1988
14268:1986
14247:1984
14226:1983
14205:1982
14184:1981
14130:1979
14104:1976
13993:1973
13928:2023
13923:2022
13918:2021
13913:2020
13908:2019
13903:2018
13898:2017
13893:2016
13888:2015
13883:2014
13878:2013
13873:2012
13868:2011
13863:2010
13858:2009
13830:2009
13825:2008
13820:2007
13815:2006
13810:2005
13805:2004
13800:2003
13795:2002
13790:2001
13785:2000
13780:1999
13775:1998
13447:Reed
13273:Gray
13249:Hunt
13105:Todd
12741:1795
12487:2009
12449:2012
12376:ISBN
12343:ISBN
12317:ISBN
12289:ISBN
12263:ISBN
12232:2009
12197:2024
12172:2024
12146:2024
12118:2020
12088:2015
12058:2015
12028:2014
11998:2010
11968:2014
11935:2014
11903:2009
11873:2012
11843:2023
11818:2020
11792:2010
11759:2021
11729:2009
11699:2014
11669:2021
11639:2021
11608:2013
11575:2013
11544:2013
11508:2011
11478:2013
11452:2016
11426:2016
11400:2014
11365:2013
11332:2012
11296:2014
11261:2009
11227:2009
11201:2009
11168:2011
11133:2009
11097:2009
11064:2021
10938:2013
10810:2017
10726:2023
10700:2019
10578:2017
10544:2021
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