2058:, shortly after takeoff; he believes that this indicates that the voice recorder was not working for a long period of the flight or that the crew turned it off (CVRs in aircraft at that time only recorded thirty minutes). If this is the case, he says it is then likely that an unknown number of the passengers would have already died from smoke inhalation from the first fire. Klatzow believes that theory is consistent with reports that found most of the passengers were in the first class area at the front of the aircraft as smoke from the rear cabin forced them to move forward. The captain did not land the aircraft directly after the fire, Klatzow argues, because if he had he would have been arrested for endangering the lives of his passengers and it would have caused a major problem for South Africa, costing the country and SAA
1821:, both to show his goodwill and to ensure neutral observers. Van Zyl believes that if he kept the CVR in South Africa he could have been accused of covering up the truth. At the NTSB, Van Zyl felt frustration that the degraded (but still functional) CVR, which had been in the deep ocean for fourteen months, did not initially yield any useful information. Around twenty-eight minutes into the recording the CVR indicated that the fire alarm sounded. Fourteen seconds after the fire alarm, the circuit breakers began to pop. Investigators believe that around eighty circuit breakers failed. The CVR cable failed eighty-one seconds after the alarm. The recording revealed the extent of the fire.
1873:
beyond doubt, but there were two possibilities detailed in the official report: firstly, that the crew became incapacitated due to smoke penetrating into the cockpit; and secondly, that the fire weakened the structure so that the tail separated, leading to impact with the ocean. The commission concluded that it was not possible to apportion blame to any one individual for the fire, removing any terrorism concerns. Boeing is quoted in the report as having "contested" any scenario that involved a break-up of the aircraft, hence the commission went no further than simply mentioning the two possible scenarios in its final report, as incidental to the primary cause of the accident.
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1591:, had previously been attacked. Experts searched for indicators of an explosion on the initial pieces of wreckage discovered, such as surface pitting, impact cavities and spatter cavities caused by white-hot fragments from explosive devices that strike and melt metal alloys found in aircraft structures. Experts found none of this evidence. The investigators drew blood samples from two of the recovered bodies and found that the bodies had soot in their tracheae, indicating that at least two had died from
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2090:, investigated apartheid-era atrocities. In particular, Flight 295 was investigated to determine if there was any truth behind conspiracy theories that asserted that the Margo Commission had covered up or missed any evidence that might implicate the previous government. Klatzow was invited by the TRC to explain his theories and cross-examine witnesses. Unlike most other hearings of the TRC, the hearing into Flight 295 was conducted
1880:) were the primary cause of the aircraft's loss. The accident alerted aviation authorities worldwide that the regulations regarding class B cargo bays had lagged far behind the growth in their capacity. The exact source of ignition was never determined, but the report concluded that there was sufficient evidence to confirm that the fire had burned for some considerable time and that it might have caused structural damage.
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aircraft, and crashed into the Indian Ocean, about 134 nautical miles (154 mi; 248 km) from the airport. Other theories given for the ultimate demise of the aircraft were that the flight crew eventually became incapacitated by the smoke and fire or extensive damage to the 747's control systems rendered the plane uncontrollable before it hit the ocean.
2166:, resulting in the crash of the aircraft in 1998. According to the Austrian journalist and aviation expert Patrick Huber, however, a short circuit is unlikely to be the cause of the fire. According to experts consulted by the author, this problem only existed in the Boeing 747 with older cables. However, the “Helderberg” was only seven years old.
2029:. A British fire and explosion analyst examined the exterior skin of the aircraft which had been located above the pallet; the analyst found that the skin became as hot as 300 degrees Celsius. Bereswill said that it would be difficult for a fire to burn through the skin of an aircraft in-flight because of the cool airflow outside the aircraft.
2100:(CAA); Klatzow considered the CAA untrustworthy because it had participated in the official enquiry, which he considered flawed. A number of key aspects of Klatzow's theory hinged on his criticism of the actions of Judge Margo during the official enquiry, yet Judge Margo was not summoned to answer any of the allegations made against him.
2125:
which caused it to crash, and that the
Captain had expressed concerns about the safety of the cargo but had been ordered from Johannesburg to fly the plane. In a 2014 interview, some of the accusations were disputed by Tinus Jacobs, SAA's manager in Taiwan who saw Flight 295 off. Jacobs claimed that due to Taiwan's status under
2038:
commission ignored the most important question, what was the source of the fire and who had been responsible for loading it onto the aircraft? Klatzow believes that there are certain irregularities in parts of the commission transcript that indicate that something on the CVR transcript had to be concealed.
1908:
After the accident, SAA discontinued use of the Combi and the FAA introduced new regulations in 1993 specifying that manual firefighting must not be the primary means of fire suppression in the cargo compartment of the main deck. The new regulations banned larger cargo hold variants of the 747 Combi,
2124:
from former SAA employees who had never given any evidence before. An
Australian national named Allan Dexter who had worked in public relations for SAA gave a sworn statement to Mr. Otzen claiming that he had been informed by the SAA manager at Taipei airport that Flight 295 was carrying rocket fuel
1440:
The fire began to destroy the aircraft's important electrical systems, resulting in loss of communication and control of the aircraft. At exactly 00:07 UTC (4:07 local time), the aircraft broke apart mid-air, the tail section breaking off first, due to the fire beginning to burn the structure of the
1559:
After recovery of the wreckage from 4,000 m (13,000 ft) below the surface of the ocean, the aircraft's fuselage and cabin interior were partly reassembled in one of SAA's hangars at Jan Smuts
Airport, where it was examined and finally opened for viewing to the airline's staff and selected
538:
At some point during the flight, believed to be during the beginning of its landing approach to
Mauritius, a fire started in the cargo section on the main deck which was probably not extinguished before impact. The 'smoke evacuation' checklist calls for the aircraft to be depressurised, and for two
2020:
A South
African government chemist examined a microscopic particle on the nylon netting next to the front-right pallet on Flight 295. The chemist found that the airflow patterns on the iron suggested that it travelled at a high velocity while in a molten state; therefore the fire on Flight 295 may
1897:
Investigators devised a new test involving a cargo hold with conditions similar to the conditions of Flight 295; the plastic covers and extra pallets provided fuel for the fire, which would spread quickly before generating enough smoke to activate smoke alarms. The hotter flame achieved in the new
1893:
leaves ablaze. The fire stayed within the cargo hold. The air in the passenger cabin was designed to have a marginally higher pressure than cargo area hold, so if a crew member opened the door to the cargo hold, the air from the passenger cabin would flow into the cargo hold, stopping any smoke or
1898:
test heated the air in the cargo hold. This heated air had a higher pressure than normal, and overcame the pressure differential between the cargo hold and the passenger cabin. When the door between the passenger and cargo holds was open, smoke and gases therefore flowed into the passenger cabin.
2448:
Taiwanese authorities stated that 58 passengers began flying in Taipei, including 30 Taiwanese citizens, 19 South
Africans, 47 Japanese, two Mauritians, one Dane, one Dutch, one Briton, and one West German. The other passengers transferred from other flights arriving in Taipei, and as such their
419:
pilot with 13,843 hours' experience of which 3,884 hours was on the Boeing 747 series airplanes. Uys was described by colleagues as professional and skilled and at the time of the accident was considering retiring to take up a role with the South
African Pilots' Association. The flight crew also
2069:
On 20 July 2011, retired SAA captain Clair
Fichardt announced that he had made a statement in connection with the missing Johannesburg air traffic control tapes, after he was persuaded to do so by Klatzow. Fichardt claimed that Captain James Deale admitted to handing the tapes to Captain Mickey
1872:
tennis racket recovered from the crash site. The fire also damaged and destroyed the aircraft's electrical systems resulting in the loss of many of the instruments on the flight deck and rendering the crew unable to determine their position. The reason for the aircraft's loss was not identified
1888:
The crash was the first fire incident on the 747 Combi and one of few fires on widebody aircraft. Fred
Bereswill, the investigator from Boeing, characterised the Flight 295 fire as significant for this reason. Barry Strauch of the NTSB visited Boeing's headquarters to inquire about the Combi's
407:
official performed a surprise inspection of some of the cargo; he did not find anything that could be characterised as suspicious. According to Tinus Jacobs who was SAA's manager in Taiwan at the time of Flight 295, the flight crew appeared relaxed and "happy to fly" before takeoff and did not
2037:
David
Klatzow was one of the forensic scientists who was retained to work on the case by Boeing's counsel around the time of the official enquiry. He subsequently criticised the Margo commission for spending an inordinate amount of time looking into "relatively irrelevant issues" and that the
1867:
The official report determined that while Flight 295 was over the Indian Ocean, a fire had occurred in the cargo hold of the main deck, originating in the front right-hand cargo pallet. Aircraft parts recovered from the ocean floor showed fire damage sustained in temperatures over 300 °C
2103:
The TRC concluded that nothing listed in the flight manifest could have caused the fire, a conclusion that was met with controversy within the public. Following public pressure, the TRC records were released into the public domain in May 2000. Upon receiving the documents, Transport Minister
2133:) could be used to make international calls and that none of Flight 295's crew had access to it. Jacobs furthermore claimed that Captain Uys and the other crew members appeared relaxed and routine both the previous day and on the evening of the flight's departure.
1909:
the smaller variants also need to comply with these new standards, which required weight increases, made the 747 Combi less efficient. Nevertheless, the Combi variants remained in the 747 product line up until 2002, when the last 747-400 Combi was delivered to
1527:
When Flight 295 last informed Plaisance air traffic control of its position, its report was incorrectly understood to be relative to the airport rather than its next waypoint, which caused the subsequent search to be concentrated too close to Mauritius. The
367:
and calls from relatives of those on the flight to re-open the investigation in the years following the accident. Since the accident, SAA stopped using the combi version of the Boeing 747 due to safety concerns about the security of the cargo compartment.
2070:
Mitchell, who was chief pilot at the Johannesburg control centre on the night of the crash. Deale would further have stated that Gert van der Veer, head of SAA, and lawyer Ardie Malherbe were present during the transfer of the tapes. Earlier, during the
2161:
may reach temperatures of up to 5,000 °C (9,000 °F). This temperature is sufficient to ignite the thermal-acoustic insulation blankets that were in use at the time until the late 1990s. Such a short circuit may have caused the fire on board
1836:
that affected the entire cargo hold. The fire did not burn lower than one metre above the cargo floor. The walls and ceiling of the cargo hold received severe fire damage. Van Zyl ended his investigation without discovering why the fire started.
1794:. These locations were spread 1.5 km (0.93 mi), 2.3 km (1.4 mi) and 2.5 km (1.6 mi) apart, indicating that the aircraft broke apart in mid-air (it was suggested that the tail separated first). On 6 January 1989, the
1271:
And, Springbok Two Nine Five copy actual weather Plaisance Copy actual weather Plaisance. The wind one one zero degrees zero five knots. The visibility above one zero kilometres. And we have a precipitation in sight to the north. Clouds, five
1967:, asserted: "It is known that the crew and passengers were overcome by a main deck cargo fire, and the ignition of missile rocket fuel is one cause now under suspicion." A complaint against the newspaper that first published the allegations,
398:
model permits the mixing of passengers and cargo on the main deck according to load factors on any given route and Class B cargo compartment regulations. Flight 295 had 140 passengers and six pallets of cargo on the main deck. The master
2046:
at the time; the South African government therefore had to buy arms clandestinely. Klatzow's theory postulates that the government placed a rocket system in the cargo hold, and that vibration caused the ignition of unstable
2041:
Klatzow put forward a theory that the fire likely involved substances that would not normally be carried on a passenger aircraft and that the fire was not likely a wood, cardboard, or plastic fire. South Africa was under an
2112:
were tasked to investigate whether there was any new evidence, and to make a recommendation to the minister. In October 2002, the minister announced that no new evidence had been found to justify re-opening the enquiry.
1622:, with the water at 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) being considerably deeper than any previously successful salvage operation. The wreckage was found within two days of Steadfast Oceaneering commencing its search.
4856:
1615:, a specialist deep-ocean recovery company in the US, was contracted at great expense to find the site and recover the flight recorders. The search area is described as being comparable in size to that of the
3181:
1610:
search for them was carried out before the effort was abandoned on 8 January 1988 when the ULBs were known to have stopped transmitting (at the time a ULB had to generate sonic pulses for thirty days).
347:
in the cargo area, broke up in mid-air, and crashed into the Indian Ocean east of Mauritius, killing all 159 people on board. An extensive salvage operation was mounted to try to recover the aircraft's
539:
of the cabin doors to be opened. No evidence exists that the checklist was followed or that the doors were opened. A crew member might have gone into the cargo hold to try to fight the fire. A charred
1901:
The test, as well as evidence from the accident site, proved to the investigators that the 747 Combi's use of a class B cargo hold did not provide enough fire protection to the passengers. The US
1756:
1714:
1672:
1889:
design. Boeing's fire test in the Combi models did not accurately match the conditions of Flight 295's cargo hold; in accordance with federal US rules, the Boeing test involved setting a bale of
1832:
packaging. The investigators said that the localised fire likely came in contact with the packaging and produced gases that accumulated near the ceiling. They also said that gases ignited into a
3565:"Aviation Investigation Report, In-Flight Fire Leading to Collision with Water, Swissair Transport Limited McDonnell Douglas MD-11 HB-IWF Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia 5 nm SW 2 September 1998"
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have not been a flash fire triggered by packaging. Fred Bereswill, the investigator from Boeing, said that this would suggest that the source of the fire would have had properties like a
3103:
4851:
2459:, a Japanese professional wrestler also known as Haru Sonoda and Magic Dragon, and his wife, who were travelling as part of their honeymoon. They were offered and sent on the flight by
432:, Giuseppe "Joe" Bellagarda and 34-year-old relief flight engineer, Alan Daniel, with 7,804 hours and 1,595 hours (4,254 and 227 of them on the Boeing 747) of experience respectively.
4425:
1959:(RAeS) reported that the inquiry into the in-flight fire that destroyed Flight 295 might be reopened because SAA had allegedly confirmed that its passenger jets had carried cargo for
1864:(Mauritius), George N. Tompkins Jr (USA), G.C. Wilkinson (UK), Dr Y. Funatsu (Japan), J.J.S. Germisuys (South Africa), Dr J. Gilliland (South Africa) and Colonel Liang Lung (Taiwan).
86:
2066:, would therefore have been ordered to carry on to South Africa in hopes of making it there before the aircraft's structural integrity gave in. These points have been disputed.
1978:
concerning the nature of the cargo that caused the fire, which subsequently increased public doubts about the outcome of the initial inquiry. Examples of such theories include:
1568:
Rennie Van Zyl, South Africa's head crash investigator, examined three wristwatches from baggage recovered from the surface; two of the watches were still running according to
4866:
1840:
The official report noted the presence of the computer equipment, and suggested that a possible cause could have been the batteries contained in the computers exploding or
1444:
After communication with Flight 295 was lost for thirty-six minutes, at 00:44 (04:44 local time), air traffic control at Plaisance Airport formally declared an emergency.
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before the aircraft had crashed, and concluded that some of the passengers would have already lost their lives even if the pilots had successfully reached the airport.
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Report About the Search for the Wreck of the B74 M of South African Airways, Lost Over the Indian Ocean on November 28, 1987, Flight SA295, Taipei-Mauritius
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Map of the Indian Ocean, showing the origin of the flight in Taiwan, stopover in Mauritius, destination of Johannesburg and accident site near Mauritius
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An MP3 format of part of the actual ATC recording. The real recording starts at 21 minutes. It is slightly abridged, with some empty sound cut short.
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Geoffrey Birchall, with 7,362 and 8,749 hours' experience (including 4,096 and 4,555 hours on the Boeing 747) respectively; and 45-year-old
1991:
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1572:. Van Zyl deduced the approximate time of impact at 00:07:00, around three minutes after the last communication with air traffic control.
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The commission determined that inadequate fire detection and suppression facilities in the class B cargo bays (the type used aboard the
4891:
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2700:
502:) to ISBAN. A position report was made over ELATO at 15:03:25, followed by waypoints SUNEK at 15:53:52, ADMARK at 16:09:54 and SUKAR (
3019:
1148:...Is enough...otherwise our flight could come to grief (More directly translated: ...enough is... otherwise our flight might crash)
1544:. By the time the first surface debris was located twelve hours after impact, it had drifted considerably from the impact location.
1214:
Incorrectly understood by air traffic control to mean that the aircraft was 65 miles from the airport; in fact it was 65 miles from
506:
473:
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2997:"Selective Summary of evidence given at the inquiry on the disaster involving the Helderberg (Flight SA 295 on 28 November 1987)"
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On the 25th anniversary of the crash, Peter Otzen Jnr, the son of one of the victims, announced that he was approaching the
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1925:
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Eh, Roger, Springbok eh Two Nine Five, eh re you're recleared flight level five zero. Recleared flight level five zero.
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Van Zyl discovered that the front-right pallet located in the main deck's cargo hold was the seat of the fire. The
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government, was the target of terrorism both domestically and internationally, and offices for SAA, the country's
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At least two passengers died of smoke inhalation. The rest died from the extreme trauma sustained in the crash.
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in an attempt to have the commission of inquiry into the disaster reopened. In pursuit of this, he had obtained
1868:(570 °F); tests showed that temperatures of 600 °C (1,100 °F) would have been required to melt a
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400 million (approx. $ 200 million in 1987). Klatzow argues that the captain, who was also a reservist in the
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stated that 47,000 kilograms (104,000 lb) of baggage and cargo were loaded on the aircraft. A Taiwanese
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South Africa mounted an underwater search, named 'Operation Resolve', to try to locate the wreckage. The
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The crash was featured in Season 5 of the Canadian-made, internationally distributed documentary series
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1956:
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had been placed on board Flight 295, leading to speculation that this substance had caused the fire.
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and eight bodies showing signs of extreme trauma appeared in the water. There were no survivors.
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Eh, good morning, we have, eh, a smoke, eh, eh, problemsss and we're doing emergency descent to
28:
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3323:. Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, archived on 20 May 2007. Archived from
1960:
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Affirmative and you're cleared, eh direct to Foxtrot Foxtrot. You report approaching five zero
535:) at 16:34:47. The aircraft made a routine report to the SAA base at Johannesburg at 15:55:18.
387:. This was the 488th 747 built, made its first flight on 12 November 1980 and was delivered to
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Marsh, Rob (1994). Hermann, Hilda; van Rooyen, Annlerie; van der Westhuizen, Aletta (eds.).
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1798:(CVR) was salvaged successfully from a record depth of 4,900 metres (16,100 ft) by the
1276:
one six zero zero, one okta five thousand feet. Temperature is twenty two, two two. And the
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1807:
1616:
425:
3088:. Sixth Triennial International Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference. Atlantic City:
2996:
1074:
Eh, Plaisance, Springbok 295, we've opened the door to see if we (can?)...we should be OK
363:, debates and speculation about the nature of Flight 295's cargo, as well as a subsequent
8:
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to another damaged wire with the respective potential difference may form. The resulting
1861:
599:
462:
4033:
4012:
2972:"This Wouldn't Be The First Time A Plane Mysteriously Disappeared into The Indian Ocean"
2054:
Klatzow contends that conversation of the crew suggests that the fire started above the
907:
Now we've lost a lot of electrics, we haven't got anything on the, on the aircraft now.
546:
The following communication was recorded with Mauritius air traffic control, located at
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Exclamation by someone else, and is said over the last part of the previous sentence
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360:
217:
70:
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2108:
stated that the inquiry would be reopened if any fresh evidence was discovered. The
4459:
4123:"The South African Navy During The Years of Conflict in Southern Africa, 1966–1989"
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3651:
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arises from the action of moisture when the insulation of live wires is damaged. A
2004:
1974:
The inquiry was not reopened, which likely led to the proliferation of a number of
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412:
294:
2078:
Van der Veer, Mitchell, and Vernon Nadel, the operations officer who was on duty.
359:, was unable to determine the cause of the fire. This lack of a conclusion led to
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was later recovered from the wreckage on which investigators found molten metal.
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4030:"Press Statement: The Enquiry into the Helderberg Disaster of 28 November 1987"
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1860:. The board of the "Margo Commission" consisted of Judge Cecil S. Margo, Judge
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Eh, roger, you are clear to descend immediately to flight level one four zero.
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Roger, we will appreciate if you can alert the fire, ehp, ehp eh (inhale) eh
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one five (in error), eh, one four zero. (flight level 140 is at 14,000 feet)
521:
508:
488:
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Flight 295 took off at 14:23 UTC (22:23 local time) on 27 November 1987 from
102:
88:
352:, one of which was recovered from a depth of 4,900 metres (16,100 ft).
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2467:
to appear on a wrestling show in South Africa, promoted by fellow wrestler
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2003:
investigation suggested there was a waybill showing that 300 grams of
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Deadly flames in the cargo hold - the mysterious crash of the “Helderberg”
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at the time, only one telephone at the airport (located in the office of
2126:
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1987:
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Immediately after the crash, the press and public opinion suspected that
1541:
650:, we have already commenced, an, due to smoke problem in the aeroplane.
356:
4286:
3794:"Effectiveness of Hand-Held Fire Extinguishers on Cargo Container Fires"
3602:
Tödliche Flammen im Frachtraum – der mysteriöse Absturz der „Helderberg“
604:
Springbok Two Nine Five, eh, Mauritius, eh, good morning, eh, go ahead.
4857:
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by in-flight structural failure
2464:
1833:
551:
334:
146:
4271:"We have a smoke problem in the aeroplane!" Die "Helderberg"-Tragödie
4104:(Report). Pretoria: Directorate of Special Operations. Archived from
3902:
Oceans '88 Proceedings: A Partnership of Marine Interests: Conference
2280:
2196:
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2121:
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An official commission of inquiry was chaired by South African Judge
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were not designed for deep ocean use; nevertheless, a two-month-long
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in the onboard electronics may have started the fire. The so-called
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1905:(FAA) confirmed this finding in 1993 with its own series of tests.
1856:, with co-operation from the NTSB and the aircraft's manufacturer,
1215:
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Close the bloody door (More directly translated: Damned door c...)
466:
3996:] (in Afrikaans) (1st ed.). Struik Publishers (Pty) Ltd.
3540:
2887:
2885:
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1890:
1844:, although this was not given as a conclusive cause of the fire.
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4032:(Press release). Pretoria: Ministry of Transport. Archived from
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Report of the Board of Inquiry into the Helderberg Air Disaster
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Do you, eh, request a full emergency please, a full emergency?
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Transcript of communication with Mauritius air traffic control
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3363:
2554:
1946:, literally South African Airways Air Disaster Memorial Stone)
4051:"Deep Ocean Search Planning: A Case Study of problem Solving"
2259:
2051:, which is a chemical compound used as a missile propellant.
2017:
dedicated an investigation to a number of these allegations.
1607:
3956:(Report). Pretoria: South African Civil Aviation Authority.
3878:
Steeped in Blood: The Life and Times of a Forensic Scientist
2559:
2557:
3909:
3351:
3020:"The Helderberg disaster: Was this the cause of the crash?"
2850:
Thousands Rampage Through Harare, Upset Over Machel's Death
2174:
Passengers and crew nationalities on board SAA Flight 295:
1950:
1273:
634:
Confirm you wish to descend to flight level one four zero.
4852:
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by in-flight fires
3339:
3132:
1280:
one zero one eight hectopascals, one zero one eight over.
1117:
Joe, switch up quickly, then close the hole on your side.
415:
of Flight 295 was 49-year-old Dawid Jacobus Uys, a former
333:. On 28 November 1987, the aircraft serving the flight, a
3152:"Lessons Learned From Transport Airplane Accidents: Fire"
1910:
1277:
1185:
Eh negative, Two Nine Five, say again please, say again.
4265:
Vol South African Airways 295 : Maldonne à Pretoria
2939:
2937:
1924:
of the South African Airways 295 accident, located near
1306:
Affirmative, eh and both runways available if you wish.
458:
Thirty-four minutes after departure, the crew contacted
3989:
Verlore Skakels: Onverklaarde Geheime van Suider-Afrika
2449:
nationalities were not known to Taiwanese authorities.
1963:, a South African arms manufacturer. The RAeS journal,
3464:
3242:
3045:
3033:
2954:
2952:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2752:
4736:
3557:
3440:
2934:
2831:
2739:"Pilot of crashed plane 'one of South Africa's best'"
2601:
2599:
2505:, another 747 that crashed because of an onboard fire
1172:
Eh Plaisance, Springbok Two Nine Five, do you copy?
4867:
Aviation accidents and incidents in the Indian Ocean
3831:
3428:
3418:
3416:
2808:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2086:
In 1996, the TRC, established by the post-apartheid
696:
Do you wish to eh, do you request a full emergency?
3261:
3259:
3257:
2949:
2922:
2910:
2861:
2814:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2614:
920:Eh, roger, I declare a full emergency immediately.
3994:Lost Links: Unexplained Secrets of Southern Africa
3271:
2718:
2596:
2584:
3898:"The Search for South African Airways Flight 295"
3799:. Atlantic City: Federal Aviation Administration.
3413:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3082:Lessons Learned from Transport Airplane Accidents
2783:
2498:List of unrecovered and unusable flight recorders
1005:Do you have an Echo Tango Alfa Plaisance please?
364:
4872:Conspiracy theories involving aviation incidents
4847:Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 747
4808:
3792:Dickerson, Leroy; Blake, David (February 1993).
3452:
3385:. L-3 Aviation Recorders (L-3AR). Archived from
3254:
2611:
1319:And two nine five, I request pilot's intention.
4540:Bakhtar Afghan Airlines Antonov An-26 shootdown
3730:"Haru Sonoda Magic Dragon – Wrestlers Database"
2572:
2081:
1828:said that pallet mostly comprised computers in
1332:Eh, we'd like to track in eh, on eh one three.
3791:
3304:
3138:
3113:. 1 April 1989. pp. 12–14. Archived from
2011:In 2000, the South African television program
4897:South African Airways accidents and incidents
4419:
4302:
4102:Preliminary Report: Helderberg Plane Disaster
3832:Hopkins, Pat; Hilton-Barber, Bridget (2005).
3774:How Sanctions Work: Lessons From South Africa
3770:
3357:
1933:
1144:...Genoeg is...Anders kan ons vlug verongeluk
838:Request your actual position please and your
33:ZS-SAS, the aircraft involved in the accident
4156:(in Afrikaans). Johannesburg. Archived from
3855:"Helderberg: The Search for Invisible Blame"
959:Eh, Springbok Two Nine Five, do you have an
786:Roger, you declare a full emergency, roger.
3545:
3503:"Alleged cause of Helderberg plane exposed"
3066:Boeing 747: A History: Delivering the Dream
1050:Inadvertent transmission from the aircraft
868:Eh, roger and your actual position please.
4426:
4412:
4309:
4295:
4152:[Helderberg: He took recordings].
4099:
3703:Plane carrying 155 crashes in Indian Ocean
3470:
2999:. South African Government. 18 August 2000
2669:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2096:, and without any representation from the
1813:Van Zyl took the voice recorder to the US
27:
4316:
4240:"'We are going to die,' said crew member"
4048:
3935:"Helderberg: SAA May Face R2bn in Claims"
3632:) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3521:"Helderberg captain 'quite happy to fly'"
2943:
2701:"Helderberg captain 'quite happy to fly'"
2674:"Fanning the Flames / Cargo Conspiracy".
2651:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2032:
4862:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1987
4183:Surviving 295: Life After the Helderberg
4181:Lillie, Joanne; Luck, Dominique (2014).
4100:Welsh, J.I.; Whale, M.B. (21 May 2001).
4057:
3881:. Cape Town, South Africa: Zebra Press.
3753:"Basson Link to Helderberg Crash Probed"
3446:
2145:Mark D. Young presented a theory that a
1951:Theories regarding the cause of the fire
1944:Nánfēi Hángkōng Gōngsī Kōngnàn Jìnìanbēi
1915:
1550:
1034:Roger, zero zero three zero, thank you.
4147:
4010:
3895:
3874:
3727:
3434:
3407:
3369:
3345:
3248:
3039:
2928:
2916:
2772:SAA 'murdered people aboard Helderberg'
2698:
1536:, which were used to conduct immediate
1218:Xagal, and 145 miles from the airport.
4809:
4670:Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771
3803:
3750:
3277:
3078:
3063:
3057:
2837:
2630:
2169:
2098:South African Civil Aviation Authority
1021:, eh, zero zero, eh eh eh three zero.
408:display any concerns about the cargo.
355:The official inquiry, headed by Judge
4407:
4290:
4277:"SAA 747 Wreckage Examined in Detail"
3985:
3945:
3852:
3771:Crawford, Neta; Klotz, Audie (1999).
3599:
3572:Transportation Safety Board of Canada
3534:
3500:
3422:
3051:
2958:
2876:
2825:
2796:
2758:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2624:
2605:
2590:
1894:gases from exiting through the door.
1447:
445:Chiang Kai Shek International Airport
299:Chiang Kai-shek International Airport
202:Chiang Kai-shek International Airport
4332:South African Airways Museum Society
4128:. Sabinet Online Ltd. Archived from
4082:
4060:"TRC Could Reveal Truth About Crash"
4049:Strümpfer, Johan (16 October 2006).
4027:
3932:
3581:from the original on 17 October 2013
3458:
3321:"Special Hearing: Helderberg Flight"
3265:
2699:Joubert, Jan-Jan (19 October 2014).
2578:
2118:Constitutional Court of South Africa
2025:, with the source including its own
1955:In January 1992, the journal of the
1926:Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport
1815:National Transportation Safety Board
1628:Map this section's coordinates using
1476:
1392:Last transmission from the aircraft
1047:Hey Joe, shut down the oxygen left.
976:Springbok Two Nine Five, Plaisance.
812:Springbok Two Nine Five, Plaisance.
371:
16:1987 plane crash in the Indian Ocean
3671:"Five Bodies Found After Jet Crash"
3317:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
2737:Boyle, Brendan (29 November 1987).
2680:(Television production). Season 5.
2072:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
1847:
1540:operations in conjunction with the
1416:Springbok Two Nine Five, Plaisance
1378:non-directional navigation beacon.
13:
4620:Aero Trasporti Italiani Flight 460
4174:
3777:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 53.
3660:. Friday 29 January 1988. Page 15.
3182:"Airworthiness Directive 93-07-15"
3109:. Transport Airplane Directorate,
1490:
1429:Springbok Two Nine Five Plaisance
14:
4908:
4248:. 6 December 1987. Archived from
4191:
4148:Zwecker, Wolfram (21 July 2011).
3017:
2893:"SAA flight 295 Helderberg crash"
2136:
1986:was smuggling the hoax substance
1504:
4794:
4782:
4770:
4758:
4746:
4650:South African Airways Flight 295
4640:Continental Airlines Flight 1713
4436:Aviation accidents and incidents
4217:
4212:at withmaliceandforethought.com/
4204:
4121:Wessels, Andre (20 April 2007).
4085:"Helderberg Death Flight SA 295"
4028:Omar, Dullah (11 October 2002).
3648:Jet debris found in Indian Ocean
3608:]. Berlin. pp. 98–100.
2809:Hopkins & Hilton-Barber 2005
2474:
2405:
2384:
2363:
2342:
2321:
2300:
2279:
2258:
2237:
2216:
2195:
1668:Three debris fields were found:
1583:, then under the control of the
1563:
1503:
1489:
1475:
1461:
1454:
855:Eh, we haven't got the DME yet.
293:) was a scheduled international
287:South African Airways Flight 295
22:South African Airways Flight 295
4058:Urquhart, Craig (24 May 2000).
3751:Burger, Marlene (20 May 2000).
3721:
3695:
3663:
3640:
3593:
3513:
3494:
3476:
3375:
3283:
3222:
3204:
3186:Federal Aviation Administration
3174:
3156:Federal Aviation Administration
3144:
3111:Federal Aviation Administration
3096:
3090:Federal Aviation Administration
3072:
3011:
2989:
2964:
2843:
2764:
1903:Federal Aviation Administration
1883:
1232:, affirmative Charlie Charlie.
311:Jan Smuts International Airport
234:Jan Smuts International Airport
4882:November 1987 events in Africa
4690:Philippine Airlines Flight 443
4610:Burma Airways Fokker F27 crash
4560:Philippine Airlines Flight 206
3853:Kirby, Robert (26 June 1998).
2692:
2522:
1462:
574:Comment from official inquiry
424:David Attwell and 37-year-old
1:
4892:South Africa–Taiwan relations
4590:Northwest Airlines Flight 255
4580:Mexico City Boeing C-97 crash
4490:Northwest Airlink Flight 2268
3628:: CS1 maint: date and year (
3383:"History of Flight Recorders"
2511:
343:, experienced a catastrophic
4887:November 1987 events in Asia
4827:20th-century fires in Africa
4470:SkyWest Airlines Flight 1834
4150:"Helderberg: Hý vat opnames"
3896:Kutzleb, Michael K. (1988).
3188:. 2 May 1993. Archived from
2110:South African Police Service
2082:Post-apartheid investigation
2074:(TRC) hearings, Klatzow had
1934:
1198:We're now sixty five miles.
1130:Pressure(?) twelve thousand
556:
383:registered ZS-SAS and named
376:The aircraft involved was a
365:post-apartheid investigation
7:
4500:Garuda Indonesia Flight 035
3933:Lund, Troye (24 May 2000).
3574:. 27 March 2003. A98H0003.
2677:Mayday (Canadian TV series)
2491:
1984:South African Defence Force
1658:GPX (secondary coordinates)
1293:Roger, one zero one eight.
435:
391:(SAA) on 24 November 1980.
10:
4913:
4510:American Eagle Flight 5452
4223:Pre-Crash photos of ZS-SAS
4185:. Cape Town: Jacana Media.
3918:10.1109/OCEANS.1988.794984
3238:. January 1992. p. 4.
3236:Royal Aeronautical Society
3139:Dickerson & Blake 1993
3079:Cheney, Daniel I. (2010).
3064:Bowman, Martin W. (2015).
1957:Royal Aeronautical Society
1784:SA Helderberg Debris Site3
1742:SA Helderberg Debris Site2
1700:SA Helderberg Debris Site1
1600:underwater locator beacons
1211:Confirm sixty five miles.
585:Eh, Mauritius, Mauritius,
114:SA Helderberg Debris Site1
47:28 November 1987
4877:Marine salvage operations
4719:
4530:Air New Zealand Flight 24
4451:
4385:
4369:
4340:
4324:
4216:
4203:
4198:
3358:Crawford & Klotz 1999
2530:"Final Report ZS-SAS.pdf"
2455:Among the passengers was
1971:, was lodged by Armscor.
1800:remotely operated vehicle
1653:GPX (primary coordinates)
1579:brought down Flight 295.
1403:Two Nine Five, Plaisance
1374:Clearance granted to the
1345:Confirm runway one four.
1061:Sorry, say again please?
726:Springbok Two Nine Five,
559:
465:to obtain clearance from
420:consisted of 36-year-old
276:
268:
260:
252:
244:
229:
213:
197:
187:
179:
171:
163:
153:
141:
131:
126:
76:
65:in cargo hold leading to
58:
43:
38:
26:
4817:1987 disasters in Africa
4700:Air Littoral Flight 1919
4630:Ramada Inn Corsair crash
3708:14 February 2009 at the
2143:investigative journalist
2088:South African government
1842:spontaneously combusting
1636:Download coordinates as:
4600:Thai Airways Flight 365
3875:Klatzow, David (2010).
3804:Dreyer, Nadine (2006).
3600:Huber, Patrick (2024).
3291:"Helderberg Conspiracy"
2568:Aviation Safety Network
2461:All Japan Pro-Wrestling
2141:In 2014, South African
2064:South African Air Force
1932:Air Disaster Cenotaph (
1602:(ULBs) attached to the
1560:members of the public.
417:South African Air Force
4570:Air Afrique Flight 056
4362:(1987; 159 fatalities)
4356:(1968; 123 fatalities)
4233:Abridged ATC Recording
4011:Mueller, A.G. (1988).
3810:. Zebra. p. 261.
3541:Homepage von M D Young
3471:Welsh & Whale 2001
3410:, p. 177-182,186.
3372:, p. 172,177,189.
2033:David Klatzow's theory
1990:on Flight 295 for its
1947:
1796:cockpit voice recorder
1556:
1555:Wreckage of Flight 295
894:Your actual position.
136:Boeing 747-244BM Combi
4680:Alianza Lima disaster
4660:Korean Air Flight 858
4550:Aeroflot Flight N-528
4480:Aeroflot Flight U-505
4350:(1967; 25 fatalities)
4318:South African Airways
4083:Watt, Ronnie (1990).
3728:Kreikenbohm, Philip.
3104:"Designee Newsletter"
2503:UPS Airlines Flight 6
2487:"Fanning the Flames."
1930:South African Airways
1928:. The cenotaph reads
1919:
1773:19.15417°S 59.62361°E
1731:19.16472°S 59.64222°E
1689:19.17500°S 59.63333°E
1648:GPX (all coordinates)
1613:Steadfast Oceaneering
1554:
396:Boeing 747-200B Combi
389:South African Airways
321:, with a stopover in
158:South African Airways
103:19.17500°S 59.63333°E
4842:1996 in South Africa
4837:1987 in South Africa
4070:on 28 September 2011
3973:on 29 September 2011
3807:A Century of Sundays
3120:on 13 September 2012
2564:Accident description
2049:ammonium perchlorate
1808:flight data recorder
1519:class=notpageimage|
1159:(Carrier wave only)
769:Affirmative, that's
426:relief first officer
4728:► 1988
4722:1986 ◄
4252:on 14 February 2009
4160:on 14 February 2012
3490:. 28 November 2012.
3162:on 25 February 2013
2170:Passengers and crew
2164:Swissair Flight 111
1976:conspiracy theories
1862:Hurrylall Goburdhun
1778:-19.15417; 59.62361
1768: /
1736:-19.16472; 59.64222
1726: /
1694:-19.17500; 59.63333
1684: /
1532:sent aircraft from
518: /
485: /
463:air traffic control
361:conspiracy theories
108:-19.17500; 59.63333
98: /
23:
4725:
4710:Finnair Flight 915
4225:from Airliners.net
4135:on 31 October 2008
3757:Independent Online
3683:. 30 November 1987
3676:The New York Times
3348:, p. 168,174.
3192:on 29 January 2018
1948:
1557:
1530:United States Navy
1448:Search and salvage
1258:Roger, five zero.
1102:Donnerse deur t...
963:Plaisance please?
522:12.367°N 110.900°E
489:22.317°N 117.500°E
142:Aircraft name
132:Aircraft type
21:
4832:1987 in Mauritius
4734:
4733:
4401:
4400:
4245:Houston Chronicle
4229:
4228:
3888:978-1-86872-922-7
3860:Mail and Guardian
3734:www.cagematch.net
3715:Houston Chronicle
3657:Houston Chronicle
3615:978-3-7584-6773-8
3054:, pp. 18–19.
2858:, 21 October 1986
2761:, pp. 20–22.
2485:, in the episode
2446:
2445:
1999:Reports from the
1810:was never found.
1793:
1751:
1709:
1538:search and rescue
1438:
1437:
743:Sorry, go ahead?
715:can you...for us
548:Plaisance Airport
541:fire extinguisher
534:
501:
372:Aircraft and crew
337:-200 Combi named
323:Plaisance Airport
284:
283:
218:Plaisance Airport
71:in-flight breakup
4904:
4799:
4798:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4775:
4774:
4773:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4751:
4750:
4749:
4742:
4726:
4460:Varig Flight 797
4446:
4445:
4443:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4405:
4404:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4288:
4287:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4221:
4220:
4208:
4207:
4196:
4195:
4186:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4144:
4142:
4140:
4134:
4127:
4117:
4115:
4113:
4108:on 9 August 2011
4096:
4094:
4092:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4066:. Archived from
4054:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4024:
4022:
4020:
4007:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3972:
3966:. Archived from
3955:
3942:
3929:
3892:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3849:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3800:
3798:
3788:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3738:
3737:
3725:
3719:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3681:Associated Press
3667:
3661:
3652:Associated Press
3644:
3638:
3637:
3627:
3619:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3580:
3569:
3561:
3555:
3554:20 February 2015
3549:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3480:
3474:
3468:
3462:
3456:
3450:
3444:
3438:
3432:
3426:
3420:
3411:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3389:on 28 March 2014
3379:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3327:on 22 April 2004
3313:
3302:
3301:
3295:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3269:
3263:
3252:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3234:. Vol. 19.
3226:
3220:
3219:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3158:. Archived from
3148:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3119:
3108:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3015:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3004:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2976:Business Insider
2968:
2962:
2956:
2947:
2941:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2889:
2880:
2874:
2859:
2855:Associated Press
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2781:
2768:
2762:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2671:
2628:
2622:
2609:
2603:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2561:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2541:
2535:. Archived from
2534:
2526:
2469:Tiger Jeet Singh
2410:
2409:
2389:
2388:
2368:
2367:
2347:
2346:
2326:
2325:
2305:
2304:
2284:
2283:
2263:
2262:
2242:
2241:
2221:
2220:
2200:
2199:
2177:
2176:
2151:wet arc tracking
2005:activated carbon
1937:
1936:
1848:Margo commission
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1669:
1604:flight recorders
1593:smoke inhalation
1507:
1506:
1493:
1492:
1479:
1478:
1465:
1464:
1458:
1358:Charlie Charlie
711:kan jy...vir ons
589:Two Niner Five.
557:
533:
532:
530:
529:
528:
523:
519:
516:
515:
514:
511:
503:
500:
499:
497:
496:
495:
490:
486:
483:
482:
481:
478:
470:
378:Boeing 747-244BM
350:flight recorders
295:passenger flight
122:
121:
119:
118:
117:
115:
110:
109:
104:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
54:
52:
31:
24:
20:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4793:
4783:
4781:
4771:
4769:
4759:
4757:
4747:
4745:
4737:
4735:
4730:
4724:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4707:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4693:
4692:
4687:
4683:
4682:
4677:
4673:
4672:
4667:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4643:
4642:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4587:
4583:
4582:
4577:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4553:
4552:
4547:
4543:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4523:
4522:
4520:LOT Flight 5055
4517:
4513:
4512:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4497:
4493:
4492:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4463:
4462:
4457:
4447:
4441:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4402:
4397:
4381:
4365:
4336:
4320:
4315:
4255:
4253:
4238:
4218:
4205:
4199:External images
4194:
4180:
4177:
4175:Further reading
4172:
4163:
4161:
4138:
4136:
4132:
4125:
4120:
4111:
4109:
4090:
4088:
4073:
4071:
4039:
4037:
4018:
4016:
4004:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3953:
3949:(14 May 1990).
3889:
3865:
3863:
3846:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3796:
3785:
3761:
3759:
3741:
3726:
3722:
3710:Wayback Machine
3700:
3696:
3686:
3684:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3645:
3641:
3621:
3620:
3616:
3598:
3594:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3567:
3563:
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3558:
3550:
3546:
3539:
3535:
3525:
3523:
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3495:
3482:
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3477:
3469:
3465:
3457:
3453:
3445:
3441:
3433:
3429:
3421:
3414:
3406:
3402:
3392:
3390:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3368:
3364:
3356:
3352:
3344:
3340:
3330:
3328:
3319:(1 June 1998).
3314:
3305:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3276:
3272:
3264:
3255:
3247:
3243:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3195:
3193:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3137:
3133:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3106:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3085:
3077:
3073:
3068:. Casemate Ipm.
3062:
3058:
3050:
3046:
3038:
3034:
3024:
3022:
3016:
3012:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2980:
2978:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2957:
2950:
2942:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2891:
2890:
2883:
2875:
2862:
2848:
2844:
2836:
2832:
2824:
2815:
2807:
2803:
2795:
2784:
2769:
2765:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2735:
2731:
2723:
2719:
2709:
2707:
2697:
2693:
2673:
2672:
2631:
2623:
2612:
2604:
2597:
2589:
2585:
2577:
2573:
2562:
2555:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2514:
2494:
2477:
2457:Kazuharu Sonoda
2404:
2383:
2362:
2341:
2320:
2299:
2278:
2257:
2236:
2215:
2194:
2172:
2155:leakage current
2139:
2084:
2056:South China Sea
2035:
2027:oxidising agent
1953:
1886:
1850:
1826:flight manifest
1783:
1781:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1566:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1450:
1087:Look there (?)
961:Echo Tango Alfa
881:Eh, say again.
771:Charlie Charlie
527:12.367; 110.900
526:
524:
520:
517:
512:
509:
507:
505:
504:
494:22.317; 117.500
493:
491:
487:
484:
479:
476:
474:
472:
471:
447:on a flight to
438:
430:flight engineer
374:
221:
205:
172:ICAO flight No.
164:IATA flight No.
113:
111:
107:
105:
101:
100:
97:
92:
89:
87:
85:
84:
83:
67:loss of control
50:
48:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4910:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4804:
4803:
4791:
4779:
4767:
4755:
4732:
4731:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4431:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4408:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4389:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4357:
4351:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4328:
4326:
4322:
4321:
4314:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4236:
4227:
4226:
4214:
4213:
4201:
4200:
4193:
4192:External links
4190:
4189:
4188:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4145:
4118:
4097:
4080:
4055:
4046:
4036:on 17 May 2011
4025:
4008:
4002:
3983:
3962:
3943:
3930:
3893:
3887:
3872:
3850:
3844:
3835:Worst Journeys
3829:
3816:
3801:
3789:
3783:
3768:
3747:
3740:
3739:
3720:
3694:
3662:
3639:
3614:
3592:
3556:
3544:
3533:
3512:
3493:
3475:
3463:
3451:
3439:
3427:
3412:
3400:
3374:
3362:
3350:
3338:
3303:
3300:. 4 June 2000.
3282:
3270:
3253:
3251:, p. 168.
3241:
3221:
3203:
3173:
3143:
3131:
3095:
3071:
3056:
3044:
3042:, p. 167.
3032:
3010:
2988:
2963:
2948:
2944:Strümpfer 2006
2933:
2921:
2909:
2897:southafrica.to
2881:
2860:
2842:
2840:, p. 261.
2830:
2813:
2801:
2782:
2763:
2751:
2729:
2717:
2691:
2629:
2610:
2595:
2583:
2571:
2553:
2542:on 14 May 2022
2520:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2500:
2493:
2490:
2476:
2473:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2390:United Kingdom
2380:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2171:
2168:
2138:
2137:Newer theories
2135:
2131:China Airlines
2083:
2080:
2076:cross-examined
2034:
2031:
2009:
2008:
1996:
1995:
1952:
1949:
1885:
1882:
1849:
1846:
1819:Washington, DC
1661:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1565:
1562:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1481:
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1460:
1459:
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1451:
1449:
1446:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1424:
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1419:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1398:
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1390:
1387:
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1379:
1372:
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1359:
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1349:
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1346:
1343:
1340:
1336:
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1310:
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1307:
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1259:
1256:
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1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1227:
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1220:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1000:
996:
995:
993:
987:
984:
980:
979:
977:
974:
971:
967:
966:
964:
957:
954:
950:
949:
947:
944:
941:
937:
936:
934:
931:
928:
924:
923:
921:
918:
915:
911:
910:
908:
905:
902:
898:
897:
895:
892:
889:
885:
884:
882:
879:
876:
872:
871:
869:
866:
863:
859:
858:
856:
853:
850:
846:
845:
843:
836:
833:
829:
828:
826:
825:Eh, go ahead.
823:
820:
816:
815:
813:
810:
807:
803:
802:
800:
797:
794:
790:
789:
787:
784:
781:
777:
776:
774:
767:
764:
760:
759:
757:
754:
751:
747:
746:
744:
741:
738:
734:
733:
731:
724:
721:
717:
716:
713:
707:
704:
700:
699:
697:
694:
691:
687:
686:
684:
681:
678:
674:
673:
671:
668:
665:
661:
660:
651:
645:
642:
638:
637:
635:
632:
629:
625:
624:
622:
615:
612:
608:
607:
605:
602:
597:
593:
592:
590:
583:
580:
576:
575:
572:
569:
566:
562:
561:
437:
434:
373:
370:
345:in-flight fire
327:Plaine Magnien
282:
281:
278:
274:
273:
270:
266:
265:
262:
258:
257:
254:
250:
249:
246:
242:
241:
240:, South Africa
231:
227:
226:
223:Plaine Magnien
215:
211:
210:
199:
195:
194:
191:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
124:
123:
78:
74:
73:
63:In-flight fire
60:
56:
55:
45:
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4909:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4790:
4780:
4778:
4768:
4766:
4756:
4754:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4729:
4723:
4718:
4711:
4701:
4691:
4681:
4671:
4661:
4651:
4641:
4631:
4621:
4611:
4601:
4591:
4581:
4571:
4561:
4551:
4541:
4531:
4521:
4511:
4501:
4491:
4481:
4471:
4461:
4450:
4437:
4429:
4424:
4422:
4417:
4415:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4368:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4312:
4307:
4305:
4300:
4298:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4251:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4224:
4215:
4211:
4202:
4197:
4184:
4179:
4178:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4146:
4131:
4124:
4119:
4107:
4103:
4098:
4086:
4081:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4056:
4052:
4047:
4035:
4031:
4026:
4014:
4009:
4005:
4003:1-86825-407-0
3999:
3995:
3991:
3990:
3984:
3969:
3965:
3963:0-621-13030-3
3959:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3912:: 1444–1447.
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3873:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3847:
3845:1-77007-101-6
3841:
3837:
3836:
3830:
3819:
3817:1-77007-106-7
3813:
3809:
3808:
3802:
3795:
3790:
3786:
3784:0-312-21856-7
3780:
3776:
3775:
3769:
3758:
3754:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3735:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3698:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3666:
3659:
3658:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3635:
3631:
3625:
3617:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3596:
3577:
3573:
3566:
3560:
3553:
3548:
3542:
3537:
3522:
3516:
3508:
3504:
3497:
3489:
3488:witness.co.za
3485:
3484:"The Witness"
3479:
3472:
3467:
3460:
3455:
3448:
3447:Urquhart 2000
3443:
3436:
3431:
3424:
3419:
3417:
3409:
3404:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3371:
3366:
3360:, p. 53.
3359:
3354:
3347:
3342:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3299:
3298:Carte Blanche
3292:
3286:
3279:
3274:
3267:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3250:
3245:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3225:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3140:
3135:
3116:
3112:
3105:
3099:
3091:
3084:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3048:
3041:
3036:
3021:
3018:Young, Mark.
3014:
2998:
2992:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2961:, p. 17.
2960:
2955:
2953:
2945:
2940:
2938:
2930:
2925:
2918:
2913:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2879:, p. 18.
2878:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2839:
2834:
2828:, p. 16.
2827:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2810:
2805:
2798:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2760:
2755:
2740:
2733:
2727:, p. 17.
2726:
2721:
2706:
2702:
2695:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2626:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2608:, p. 19.
2607:
2602:
2600:
2593:, p. 14.
2592:
2587:
2580:
2575:
2569:
2565:
2560:
2558:
2538:
2531:
2525:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2509:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2475:Dramatisation
2472:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2450:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2167:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2147:short circuit
2144:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2014:Carte Blanche
2006:
2002:
2001:Project Coast
1998:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1881:
1879:
1878:747-200 Combi
1874:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1748:
1706:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1631:OpenStreetMap
1629:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1617:wreck of the
1614:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1564:Investigation
1561:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1520:
1457:
1445:
1442:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
997:
994:
992:, Plaisance?
991:
988:
985:
982:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
968:
965:
962:
958:
955:
952:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
938:
935:
933:Affirmative.
932:
929:
926:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
899:
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890:
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877:
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867:
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861:
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848:
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844:
841:
837:
834:
831:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
778:
775:
772:
768:
765:
762:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
735:
732:
729:
725:
722:
719:
718:
714:
712:
708:
705:
702:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
662:
659:
656:means yes in
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
626:
623:
620:
616:
613:
610:
609:
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603:
601:
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595:
594:
591:
588:
584:
581:
578:
577:
573:
570:
567:
564:
563:
558:
555:
553:
549:
544:
542:
536:
531:
498:
468:
464:
461:
456:
454:
450:
446:
443:
433:
431:
427:
423:
422:first officer
418:
414:
409:
406:
402:
397:
392:
390:
386:
382:
379:
369:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
346:
342:
341:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
232:
228:
224:
219:
216:
212:
208:
203:
200:
198:Flight origin
196:
192:
190:
186:
183:SPRINGBOK 295
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
159:
156:
152:
149:
148:
144:
140:
137:
134:
130:
125:
120:
82:
79:
75:
72:
68:
64:
61:
57:
46:
42:
37:
30:
25:
19:
4753:South Africa
4649:
4386:Subsidiaries
4377:Destinations
4359:
4280:
4254:. Retrieved
4250:the original
4243:
4182:
4162:. Retrieved
4158:the original
4153:
4137:. Retrieved
4130:the original
4110:. Retrieved
4106:the original
4089:. Retrieved
4072:. Retrieved
4068:the original
4063:
4038:. Retrieved
4034:the original
4017:. Retrieved
3993:
3988:
3975:. Retrieved
3968:the original
3947:Margo, Cecil
3938:
3905:
3901:
3877:
3864:. Retrieved
3858:
3834:
3821:. Retrieved
3806:
3773:
3760:. Retrieved
3756:
3744:Bibliography
3743:
3742:
3733:
3723:
3713:
3697:
3685:. Retrieved
3674:
3665:
3655:
3642:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3583:. Retrieved
3559:
3547:
3536:
3524:. Retrieved
3515:
3506:
3496:
3487:
3478:
3466:
3454:
3449:, p. 9.
3442:
3437:, p. 9.
3435:Zwecker 2011
3430:
3408:Klatzow 2010
3403:
3391:. Retrieved
3387:the original
3377:
3370:Klatzow 2010
3365:
3353:
3346:Klatzow 2010
3341:
3329:. Retrieved
3325:the original
3285:
3273:
3249:Klatzow 2010
3244:
3230:
3224:
3215:
3206:
3194:. Retrieved
3190:the original
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3160:the original
3146:
3134:
3122:. Retrieved
3115:the original
3098:
3081:
3074:
3065:
3059:
3047:
3040:Klatzow 2010
3035:
3023:. Retrieved
3013:
3001:. Retrieved
2991:
2979:. Retrieved
2975:
2966:
2929:Kutzleb 1988
2924:
2917:Mueller 1988
2912:
2900:. Retrieved
2896:
2853:
2845:
2833:
2804:
2775:
2766:
2754:
2742:. Retrieved
2732:
2720:
2708:. Retrieved
2704:
2694:
2676:
2586:
2574:
2544:. Retrieved
2537:the original
2524:
2516:
2515:
2508:
2480:
2478:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2411:West Germany
2327:South Africa
2180:Nationality
2173:
2140:
2115:
2102:
2091:
2085:
2068:
2053:
2044:arms embargo
2040:
2036:
2019:
2012:
2010:
1973:
1969:Weekend Star
1968:
1964:
1954:
1943:
1940:Hanyu Pinyin
1907:
1900:
1896:
1887:
1884:Combi design
1875:
1870:carbon-fibre
1866:
1851:
1839:
1823:
1812:
1803:
1667:
1635:
1634:
1627:
1618:
1597:
1589:flag carrier
1581:South Africa
1574:
1567:
1558:
1534:Diego Garcia
1526:
1483:Johannesburg
1443:
1439:
1432:
1376:Flic-en-Flac
1229:
1143:
1101:
1018:
989:
710:
653:
647:
545:
537:
457:
449:Johannesburg
439:
410:
393:
384:
375:
354:
339:
338:
319:South Africa
315:Johannesburg
291:SA295/SAA295
290:
286:
285:
238:Johannesburg
189:Registration
145:
81:Indian Ocean
18:
4091:10 February
3823:16 February
3762:28 November
3552:politicsweb
3501:Ray White.
3331:18 February
3278:Burger 2000
2981:31 December
2838:Dreyer 2006
2348:South Korea
2306:Netherlands
2183:Passengers
2127:martial law
2106:Dullah Omar
1992:atomic bomb
1988:red mercury
1935:南非航空公司空難紀念碑
1854:Cecil Margo
1830:polystyrene
1776: /
1734: /
1692: /
1570:Taiwan time
1542:French Navy
799:Thank you.
525: /
492: /
357:Cecil Margo
230:Destination
225:, Mauritius
106: /
4822:1987 fires
4811:Categories
4087:. Southern
4064:Cape Times
3977:7 February
3939:Cape Argus
3585:16 January
3423:Kirby 1998
3393:1 December
3216:boeing.com
3052:Marsh 1994
2959:Marsh 1994
2877:Marsh 1994
2826:Marsh 1994
2797:Margo 1990
2759:Margo 1990
2725:Margo 1990
2625:Marsh 1994
2606:Marsh 1994
2591:Marsh 1994
2546:8 February
2512:References
2465:Giant Baba
2463:president
2122:affidavits
1834:flash fire
1817:(NTSB) in
1806:, but the
1782: (
1763:59°37′25″E
1740: (
1721:59°38′32″E
1698: (
1676:19°10′30″S
1546:Oil slicks
1497:Crash site
842:distance?
709:Okay Joe,
552:Port Louis
385:Helderberg
340:Helderberg
335:Boeing 747
269:Fatalities
253:Passengers
147:Helderberg
112: (
90:19°10′30″S
51:1987-11-28
4341:Incidents
3838:. Zebra.
3624:cite book
3526:28 August
3507:ewn.co.za
3459:Lund 2000
3266:Omar 2002
3231:Aerospace
3025:1 October
3003:20 August
2744:28 August
2710:28 August
2705:TimesLIVE
2686:829959853
2579:Watt 1990
2285:Mauritius
2222:Hong Kong
2201:Australia
2159:flashover
2093:in camera
1965:Aerospace
1760:19°9′15″S
1718:19°9′53″S
1679:59°38′0″E
1585:apartheid
1577:terrorism
1511:Mauritius
1433:No answer
1423:00:08:35
1410:00:08:11
1397:00:08:00
1383:00:04:02
1365:00:03:56
1352:00:03:54
1339:00:03:51
1326:00:03:46
1313:00:03:43
1300:00:03:31
1287:00:03:28
1265:00:03:00
1252:00:02:58
1239:00:02:50
1223:00:02:47
1205:00:02:45
1192:00:02:43
1179:00:02:41
1166:00:02:38
1153:00:02:25
1137:00:02:14
1124:00:02:10
1111:00:01:57
1095:00:01:45
1081:00:01:36
1068:00:01:34
1055:23:52:52
1041:23:52:50
1028:23:52:40
1012:23:52:36
999:23:52:33
983:23:52:32
970:23:52:30
953:23:52:19
940:23:51:18
927:23:51:15
914:23:51:12
901:23:51:08
888:23:51:02
875:23:51:00
862:23:50:55
849:23:50:51
832:23:50:46
819:23:50:44
806:23:50:40
793:23:50:04
780:23:50:02
763:23:50:00
750:23:49:56
737:23:49:54
728:Plaisance
720:23:49:51
703:23:49:48
690:23:49:40
677:23:49:30
664:23:49:25
658:Afrikaans
641:23:49:20
628:23:49:18
611:23:49:07
596:23:49:00
587:Springbok
579:23:48:51
460:Hong Kong
453:Mauritius
331:Mauritius
277:Survivors
245:Occupants
180:Call sign
93:59°38′0″E
4789:Aviation
4370:Services
4273:(German)
4267:(French)
4112:8 August
4019:16 March
4015:(Report)
3926:20510767
3706:Archived
3687:25 March
3576:Archived
3212:"Boeing"
2492:See also
2023:sparkler
1994:project.
1922:cenotaph
1216:waypoint
568:Speaker
513:110°54′E
480:117°30′E
467:waypoint
436:Accident
401:waybills
214:Stopover
209:, Taiwan
154:Operator
127:Aircraft
39:Accident
4739:Portals
4440: (
4438:in 1987
4325:History
4283:article
4279:a 1989
4164:21 July
4074:21 July
4040:24 July
3866:23 July
3654:at the
3296:(PDF).
3196:25 July
3166:25 July
3124:21 July
2566:at the
2243:Denmark
1961:Armscor
1891:tobacco
1619:Titanic
946:Roger.
571:Dialog
510:12°22′N
477:22°19′N
469:ELATO (
413:captain
405:customs
59:Summary
49: (
4777:Africa
4765:Taiwan
4706:Dec 23
4696:Dec 21
4686:Dec 13
4656:Nov 29
4646:Nov 28
4636:Nov 15
4626:Oct 20
4616:Oct 15
4606:Oct 11
4596:Aug 31
4586:Aug 16
4576:Jul 30
4566:Jul 24
4556:Jun 26
4546:Jun 19
4536:Jun 11
4526:May 19
4476:Jan 16
4466:Jan 15
4281:Flight
4256:5 July
4210:Photos
4139:12 May
4000:
3960:
3924:
3885:
3842:
3814:
3781:
3612:
2902:12 May
2684:
2482:Mayday
2369:Taiwan
2189:Total
1858:Boeing
1804:Gemini
1802:(ROV)
1469:Taiwan
442:Taipei
307:Taiwan
303:Taipei
207:Taipei
193:ZS-SAS
175:SAA295
4801:1980s
4676:Dec 8
4666:Dec 7
4516:May 9
4506:May 8
4496:Apr 4
4486:Mar 4
4456:Jan 3
4393:Mango
4360:SA295
4354:SA228
4348:SA406
4154:Beeld
4133:(PDF)
4126:(PDF)
3992:[
3971:(PDF)
3954:(PDF)
3922:S2CID
3797:(PDF)
3604:[
3579:(PDF)
3568:(PDF)
3294:(PDF)
3118:(PDF)
3107:(PDF)
3086:(PDF)
2540:(PDF)
2533:(PDF)
2517:Notes
2426:Total
2264:Japan
2186:Crew
1608:sonar
1274:oktas
619:level
565:Time
550:near
381:Combi
309:, to
297:from
167:SA295
4442:1987
4258:2017
4166:2011
4141:2008
4114:2011
4093:2009
4076:2011
4042:2011
4021:2010
3998:ISBN
3979:2019
3958:ISBN
3910:IEEE
3883:ISBN
3868:2011
3840:ISBN
3825:2009
3812:ISBN
3779:ISBN
3764:2011
3689:2011
3634:link
3630:link
3610:ISBN
3587:2016
3528:2022
3395:2012
3333:2015
3198:2011
3168:2011
3126:2011
3027:2014
3005:2008
2983:2015
2904:2020
2746:2022
2712:2022
2682:OCLC
2548:2022
1982:The
1920:The
1752:and
1426:ATC
1413:ATC
1400:ATC
1389:Kay
1386:295
1368:ATC
1355:295
1342:ATC
1329:295
1316:ATC
1303:ATC
1290:295
1268:ATC
1255:295
1242:ATC
1226:295
1208:ATC
1195:295
1182:ATC
1169:295
1156:295
1140:295
1127:295
1114:295
1098:295
1084:295
1071:295
1058:ATC
1044:295
1031:ATC
1015:295
1002:ATC
986:295
973:ATC
956:ATC
943:ATC
930:295
917:ATC
904:295
891:ATC
878:295
865:ATC
852:295
835:ATC
822:295
809:ATC
796:295
783:ATC
766:295
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