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border posts killing 5 people and taking 37 as hostages. The next day USSR accused Latvia of violating the mutual assistance treaty and demanded the formation of a new government and allowed entry of an unlimited number of Soviet troops into the country. Latvia was given 6 hours to respond to the
767:
Article 5 stipulated that the political and economic systems and the sovereignty of both parties shall not be affected by the treaty. It clearly stipulated that the areas where Soviet bases were to be established shall remain part of
42:
1233:
100:
742:
was given an ultimatum in Moscow. After four days of negotiations, the
Estonians had no choice but to accept naval, air and army bases. Soviet troop numbers in Estonia were put at 25,000. The
665:, signed in Moscow on October 5, 1939. The treaty obliged both parties to respect each other's sovereignty and independence, while in practice allowed the Soviet government to establish
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Article 6 dealt with ratification, and stipulated that the treaty shall remain in force for ten years, with an option to extend it for further ten years.
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Article 4 obliged the Soviet and
Latvian governments not to engage in military alliances against the other party.
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on 5 October. Unlike the
Baltics, the Finnish-Soviet negotiations lasted weeks without result. The Soviets
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and the Baltic states to conclude mutual assistance treaties. The
Soviets questioned the neutrality of
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Article 1 provided for military cooperation between the parties in case of an attack by a third party.
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Article 3 permitted the Soviet government to establish military and naval bases on
Latvian territory.
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was signed on 28 September. As a result, soon two other Baltic states yielded to Soviet pressure.
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Article 2 obliged the Soviet government to assist the
Latvian government in providing armaments.
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on
October 11, 1939, and the treaty became effective on the same day. It was registered in
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607:. Standing behind him are (from left to right): the Plenipotentiary of the USSR in Latvia
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Estonian
International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity
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on 18 September. A week later, on 24 September, the
Estonian foreign minister
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on 17 September, concluding operations on 6 October. After occupying eastern
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ultimatum and, given the circumstances, it conceded to the Soviet demands.
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1939 treaty allowing Soviet troops and military bases within Latvia
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Background of the occupation and annexation of the Baltic states
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662:
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689:
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Signing of the Soviet–Latvian Mutual
Assistance Treaty by
643:Пакт о взаимопомощи между СССР и Латвийской Республикой
714:
asserted its control over the Baltic states with the
680:
It was signed by Latvian Minister of Foreign Affairs
1239:
Genocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania
993:
651:
Savstarpējās palīdzības pakts starp Latviju un PSRS
929:
1337:
936:(Revised ed.). Harlow, England: Longman.
1396:Military alliances involving the Soviet Union
979:
577:
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855:
853:
822:Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty
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886:The Three Occupations of Latvia 1940–1991
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817:Soviet–Estonian Mutual Assistance Treaty
684:and Soviet Commissar of Foreign Affairs
595:
928:Hiden, Johan; Salmon, Patrick (1994) .
865:
850:
635:Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty
602:Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR
1338:
967:
617:Minister of Foreign Affairs of Latvia
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871:
859:
626:and first Deputy of Foreign Affairs
483:Baltic diplomatic services (1940–91)
1376:Treaties entered into force in 1939
622:, Ambassador of Latvia in the USSR
13:
1244:Museum of the Occupation of Latvia
688:. Ratifications were exchanged in
401:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
367:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
14:
1412:
952:
40:
1351:Occupation of the Baltic states
995:Occupation of the Baltic states
920:
845:League of Nations Treaty Series
791:On the morning of 15 June 1940
694:League of Nations Treaty Series
894:Museum of Occupation of Latvia
877:
838:
1:
1391:Latvia–Soviet Union relations
932:The Baltic Nations and Europe
827:
699:
677:of the country in June 1940.
1361:Treaties of the Soviet Union
832:
775:
736:escape of a Polish submarine
344:Soviet re-occupation in 1944
7:
1042:Diplomatic treaties in 1939
1027:Soviet re-occupation (1944)
810:
10:
1417:
1371:Treaties concluded in 1939
1222:Research and investigation
782:enter similar negotiations
703:
611:, Secretary of the VKP(b)
540:Lithuania–Russia relations
152:Mutual Assistance Treaties
1310:The Chronicles of Melanie
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1095:Massacres and repressions
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872:Hiden & Salmon (1994)
860:Hiden & Salmon (1994)
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144:Soviet occupation in 1940
1386:1939 in the Soviet Union
1102:Masļenki border incident
1085:Soviet–Lithuanian Treaty
1017:Soviet occupation (1940)
847:, vol. 198, pp. 382-387.
744:mutual assistance treaty
726:, the Soviets pressured
673:, which facilitated the
530:Estonia–Russia relations
1067:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
780:Finland was invited to
716:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
535:Latvia–Russia relations
130:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
83:Baltic–Soviet relations
1401:Moscow in World War II
1346:Latvia in World War II
1268:Between Shades of Gray
1073:Soviet–Estonian Treaty
1049:German–Lithuanian Pact
1022:Nazi occupation (1941)
750:Articles of the treaty
710:On 23 August 1939 the
650:
630:
1366:World War II treaties
1079:Soviet–Latvian Treaty
696:on November 6, 1939.
599:
555:Russians in Lithuania
1282:Nobody Wanted to Die
1055:German–Estonian Pact
896:. 2005. p. 13.
377:Lithuanian partisans
90:Non-aggression pacts
1149:October deportation
1061:German–Latvian Pact
798:troops carried out
545:Russians in Estonia
461:Congress of Estonia
431:Territorial changes
209:People's Parliament
1356:Treaties of Latvia
959:Text of the treaty
686:Vyacheslav Molotov
631:
628:Vladimir Potyomkin
605:Vyacheslav Molotov
550:Russians in Latvia
441:Singing Revolution
251:Welles Declaration
1333:
1332:
1261:Ashes in the Snow
1229:Kersten Committee
1143:March deportation
788:on 30 November.
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505:Kersten Committee
393:Under Soviet rule
372:Latvian partisans
265:German occupation
168:Soviet-Lithuanian
121:German–Lithuanian
106:Soviet–Lithuanian
32:Occupation of the
1408:
1296:In the Crosswind
1275:Dangerous Summer
1213:Operation Jungle
1179:Armed resistance
1131:June deportation
1108:Rainiai massacre
1032:State continuity
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655:bilateral treaty
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620:Vilhelms Munters
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510:Helsinki Accords
475:State continuity
411:Operation Jungle
406:Operation Priboi
357:Baltic offensive
242:June deportation
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352:Battle of Narva
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718:. The Soviets
704:Main article:
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613:Joseph Stalin
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1186:Guerilla war
1158:from Estonia
1124:Deportations
1087:(10 October)
1078:
931:
921:Bibliography
907:. Retrieved
885:
879:
867:
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790:
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712:Soviet Union
709:
679:
659:Soviet Union
657:between the
634:
632:
416:Estonian SSR
313:
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269:
227:from Estonia
221:Deportations
220:
200:to Lithuania
183:
162:
151:
89:
63:Soviet Union
58:Nazi Germany
1163:from Latvia
1154:by country
1081:(5 October)
1069:(23 August)
909:February 6,
740:Karl Selter
421:Latvian SSR
232:from Latvia
1340:Categories
1317:The Fencer
1196:Lithuanian
1051:(23 March)
1007:Background
828:References
700:Background
609:Ivan Zotov
498:Lithuanian
456:Rahvarinne
436:Baltic Way
325:Resistance
320:Occupation
303:Resistance
298:Occupation
281:Resistance
276:Occupation
190:to Estonia
75:Background
1324:The Mover
874:. p. 111.
862:. p. 110.
833:Citations
800:an attack
776:Aftermath
523:Aftermath
330:Holocaust
314:Lithuania
308:Holocaust
286:Holocaust
195:to Latvia
1063:(7 June)
1057:(7 June)
1012:Timeline
892:. Riga:
811:See also
653:) was a
488:Estonian
184:Ultimata
24:a series
22:Part of
1191:Latvian
804:Latvian
768:Latvia.
732:Estonia
728:Finland
647:Latvian
639:Russian
493:Latvian
446:Sąjūdis
270:Estonia
1151:(1951)
1145:(1949)
1139:(1948)
1133:(1941)
1116:(1941)
1110:(1941)
1104:(1940)
940:
900:
793:Soviet
724:Poland
671:Latvia
663:Latvia
292:Latvia
26:on the
890:(PDF)
1303:1944
938:ISBN
911:2018
898:ISBN
796:NKVD
690:Riga
661:and
633:The
802:on
669:in
1342::
852:^
649::
645:,
641::
615:,
987:e
980:t
973:v
946:.
913:.
637:(
585:e
578:t
571:v
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