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2870:, the most influential of his surviving works, and one of the most important texts of patristic literature, he reveals his views connecting justice and generosity by asserting these practices are of mutual benefit to the participants. Ambrose draws heavily on Cicero and the biblical book of Genesis for this concept of mutual inter-dependence in society. In the bishop's view, it is concern for one another's interests that binds society together. Ambrose asserts that avarice leads to a breakdown in this mutuality, therefore avarice leads to a breakdown in society itself. In the late 380s, the bishop took the lead in opposing the greed of the elite landowners in Milan by starting a series of pointed sermons directed at his wealthy constituents on the need for the rich to care for the poor.
1294:
1629:
9470:
4135:
2881:. He was not just interested in the church but was also interested in the condition of contemporary Italian society. Ambrose considered the poor not a distinct group of outsiders, but a part of a united people to be stood with in solidarity. Giving to the poor was not to be considered an act of generosity towards the fringes of society but a repayment of resources that God had originally bestowed on everyone equally and that the rich had usurped. He defines justice as providing for the poor whom he describes as our "brothers and sisters" because they "share our common humanity".
2841:
gaining our salvation. Thus where the work lies, there too is the Author of the work. When therefore, all things have become subject to Christ, through Christ's obedience, so that all bend their knees in His name, then He
Himself will be all in all. For now, since all do not believe, all do not seem to be in subjection. But when all have believed and done the will of God, then Christ will be all and in all. And when Christ is all and in all, then will God be all and in all; for the Father abides ever in the Son. How, then, is He shown to be weak, Who redeemed the weak?
1482:. The synagogue most probably existed within the fortified town to serve the soldiers stationed there, and Theodosius ordered that the offenders be punished and that the synagogue be rebuilt at the expense of the bishop. Ambrose wrote to the emperor arguing against this, basing his argument on two assertions: first, if the bishop obeyed the order, it would be a betrayal of his faith, and second, if the bishop instead refused to obey the order, he would become a martyr and create a scandal embarrassing the emperor. Ambrose, referring to a prior incident where
616:
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640:
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spiritual commentary dedicated to the emperor. The sheer volume of these writings and the effusive praise they contain has led many historians to conclude that
Gratian was dominated by Ambrose, and it was that dominance that produced Gratian's anti-pagan actions. McLynn asserts that effusive praises were common in everyone's correspondence with the crown. He adds that Gratian's actions were determined by the constraints of the system as much as "by his own initiatives or Ambrose's influence".
1596:
1020:) is the only ancient source that shows Ambrose and Gratian together in any personal interaction. In that interaction, Sozomen relates that, in the last year of Gratian's reign, Ambrose intruded on Gratian's private hunting party in order to appeal on behalf of a pagan senator sentenced to die. After years of acquaintance, this indicates that Ambrose could not take for granted that Gratian would see him, so instead, Ambrose had to resort to such manoeuvrings to make his appeal.
1246:
argues that
Theodosius's anti-pagan legislation was too limited in scope for it to be of interest to the bishop. The fabled encounter at the door of the cathedral in Milan, with Ambrose as the mitred prelate braced, blocking Theodosius from entering, which has sometimes been seen as evidence of Ambrose' dominance over Theodosius, has been debunked by modern historians as "a pious fiction". There was no encounter at the church door. The story is a product of the imagination of
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3023:
3117:
1214:
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1285:. Therefore, it fell to the orthodox Theodosius to receive from Christian literary tradition most of the credit for the final triumph of Christianity. Modern scholars see this as an interpretation of history by orthodox Christian writers more than as a representation of actual history. The view of a pious Theodosius submitting meekly to the authority of the church, represented by Ambrose, is part of the myth that evolved within a generation of their deaths.
628:
1637:
5173:
12857:
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7015:, pp. 64, 65. "Augustine, however, does not mention any names, and there is no evidence either here or in any other place that he is referring to these passages from the works of Jerome. Nevertheless, both Jerome and Ambrose seemed to have shared in the not uncommon error of their time, namely, that all Christians would sooner or later be reunited to God, an error which Augustine refutes here and in a number of other places"
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4562:
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1458:, 36). Ambrose's acts and writings "created a sort of model which was to remain valid in the Latin West for the relations of the Church and the Christian State. Both powers stood in a basically positive relationship to each other, but the innermost sphere of the Church's life--faith, the moral order, ecclesiastical discipline--remained withdrawn from the State's influence."
1442:
as possible in both ritual and belief. Instead, he respected local customs, adapting himself to whatever practices prevailed, instructing his mother to do the same. As bishop, Ambrose undertook many different labours in an effort to unite people and "provide some stability during a period of religious, political, military, and social upheavals and transformations".
4763:, pp. 55β64 give dates for most of Ambrose's writings, the dates from Ramsey are preferred, as the publication is more recent and the author is dating the works from the perspective of scholarly consensus, whereas in Paredi, the author offers dates based on his own research. Regardless, when Ramsey does not provide dates for a work, those of Paredi are used.
1122:, and Ambrose was again ordered to hand over a church in Milan for Arian usage. Ambrose and his congregation barricaded themselves inside the church, and again the imperial order was rescinded. There was an attempted kidnapping, and another attempt to arrest him and to force him to leave the city. Several accusations were made, but unlike in the case of
7027:, p. 484, . "Jerome develops the same distinction, stating that, while the Devil and the impious who have denied God will be tortured without remission, those who have trusted in Christ, even if they have sinned and fallen away, will eventually be saved. Much the same teaching appears in Ambrose, developed in greater detail."
2767:
am at Rome, I fast on a
Saturday; when I am at Milan, I do not. Follow the custom of the church where you are." Thus Ambrose refused to be drawn into a false conflict over which particular local church had the "right" liturgical form where there was no substantial problem. His advice has remained in the English language as the saying, "
1540:
in Heaven. The great
Christian writers of the third to fifth centuries attempted to discredit the continuation of these "defeated practices" by searching pagan writings, "particularly those of Varro, for everything that could be regarded by Christian standards as repulsive and irreligious." Ambrose' work reflects this triumphalism.
960:, confident of numbers, prevailed upon Gratian to call a general council from all parts of the empire. This request appeared so equitable that Gratian complied without hesitation. However, Ambrose feared the consequences and prevailed upon the emperor to have the matter determined by a council of the Western bishops. Accordingly, a
68:
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was not an isolated incident. Generally speaking, however, while McLynn says it makes
Ambrose look like a bully and a bigot to modern eyes, scholars also agree that Ambrose's attitudes toward the Jews cannot be fairly summarized in one sentence, as not all of Ambrose's attitudes toward Jews were negative.
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very labour-intensive, the majority of the population was illiterate, and where those with the leisure to enjoy literary works also had slaves to read for them, written texts were more likely to be seen as scripts for recitation than as vehicles of silent reflection. However, there is also evidence that
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and is written in strict iambic tetrameter (that is 4 Γ 2 syllables, each iamb being two syllables). Marked by dignified simplicity, they served as a fruitful model for later times. Scholars such as the theologian Brian P. Dunkle have argued for the authenticity of as many as thirteen other
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Our Savior has appointed two kinds of resurrection in the
Apocalypse. 'Blessed is he that hath part in the first resurrection,' for such come to grace without the judgment. As for those who do not come to the first, but are reserved unto the second resurrection, these shall be disciplined until their
1490:
That was not enough for
Ambrose, however, and when Theodosius next visited Milan Ambrose confronted him directly in an effort to get him to drop the entire case. McLynn argues that Ambrose failed to win the emperor's sympathy and was mostly excluded from his counsels thereafter. The Callinicum affair
1415:
The bishops of this era had heavy administrative responsibilities, and
Ambrose was also sometimes occupied with imperial affairs, but he still fulfilled his primary responsibility to care for the well-being of his flock. He preached and celebrated the Eucharist multiple times a week, sometimes daily,
1173:(Emperor in the East from 364 to 378) had left many questions for the church unresolved, and Theodosius' edict can be seen as an effort to begin addressing those questions. Theodosius' natural generosity was tempered by his pressing need to establish himself and to publicly assert his personal piety.
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Ambrose refused to surrender the basilica, and sent sharp answers back to his emperor: "If you demand my person, I am ready to submit: carry me to prison or to death, I will not resist; but I will never betray the church of Christ. I will not call upon the people to succour me; I will die at the foot
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Ambrose and
Gratian first met, after this, in 379 during a visit to Milan. The bishop made a good impression on Gratian and his court, which was pervasively Christian and aristocratic β much like Ambrose himself. The emperor returned to Milan in 380 to find that Ambrose had complied with his request
1036:
and set up his court there. Several rival groups, including the Arians, sought to secure benefits from the government at Sirmium. In an Arian attempt to undermine Ambrose, whom Gratian had not yet met, Gratian was "warned" that Ambrose's faith was suspect. Gratian took steps to investigate by writing
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Ambrose displayed a kind of liturgical flexibility that kept in mind that liturgy was a tool to serve people in worshiping God, and ought not to become a rigid entity that is invariable from place to place. His advice to Augustine of Hippo on this point was to follow local liturgical custom. "When I
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Modern scholarship indicates that paganism was a lesser concern than heresy for Christians in the fourth and fifth centuries, including Ambrose, but it was still a concern. Writings of this period were commonly hostile and often contemptuous toward paganism which Christianity saw as already defeated
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Christian faith in the third century developed the monastic lifestyle which subsequently spread into the rest of Roman society in a general practice of virginity, voluntary poverty and self-denial for religious reasons. This lifestyle was embraced by many new converts, including Ambrose, even though
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All of Ambrose's writings are works of advocacy for Nicene Christianity, and even his political views and actions were closely related to his religion. He was rarely, if ever, concerned about simply recording what had happened; he did not write to reveal his inner thoughts and struggles; he wrote to
1245:
Formerly, some scholars credited Ambrose with having an undue influence over Emperor Theodosius I, from this period forward, prompting him toward major anti-pagan legislation beginning in February of 391. However, this interpretation has been heavily disputed since the late-twentieth century. McLynn
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in the basilica, the prefect of the city came to persuade him to give it up to the Arians. Ambrose again refused. Certain deans (officers of the court) were sent to take possession of the basilica by hanging upon it imperial escutcheons. Instead, soldiers from the ranks the emperor had placed around
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Ambrose struggled with Arianism for over half of his term in the episcopate. Ecclesiastical unity was important to the church, but it was no less important to the state, and as a Roman, Ambrose felt strongly about that. Conflict over heresies loomed large in an age of religious ferment comparable to
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These Christian sources have had great influence on perceptions of this period by creating an impression of overt and continuous conflict that has been assumed on an empire-wide scale, while archaeological evidence indicates that, apart from the use of violent rhetoric, the decline of paganism away
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This is a celebrated passage in modern scholarly discussion. The practice of reading to oneself without vocalizing the text was less common in antiquity than it has since become. In a culture that set a high value on oratory and public performances of all kinds, in which the production of books was
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Ambrose had the ability to maintain good relationships with all kinds of people. Local church practices varied quite a bit from place to place at this time, and as the bishop, Ambrose could have required that everyone adapt to his way of doing things. It was his place to keep the churches as united
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In 1960, Neil B. McLynn wrote a complex study of Ambrose that focused on his politics and was intended to "demonstrate that Ambrose viewed community as a means to acquire personal political power". Subsequent studies of how Ambrose handled his episcopal responsibilities, his Nicene theology and his
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After defeating the usurper Maximus at Aquileia in 388 Theodosius handed the western realm back to the young Valentinian II, the seventeen-year-old son of the forceful and hardy Pannonian general Valentinian I and his wife, the Arian Justina. Furthermore, the Eastern emperor remained in Italy for a
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in which Augustine wonders why he could not share his burden with Ambrose, he comments: "Ambrose himself I esteemed a happy man, as the world counted happiness, because great personages held him in honour. Only his celibacy appeared to me a painful burden." Simplician regularly met with Augustine,
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Yes, truly blessed for having surpassed the priest (Zechariah). While the priest denied, the Virgin rectified the error. No wonder that the Lord, wishing to rescue the world, began his work with Mary. Thus she, through whom salvation was being prepared for all people, would be the first to receive
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appropriated material from Philo as well, but none did so more than Ambrose. As a result of these extensive references, Philo was accepted into the Christian tradition as an honorary Church Father. "In fact, one Byzantine catena even refers to him as 'Bishop Philo'. This high regard for Philo even
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Ambrose was also well aware of the limits of his power. At the height of his career as a venerable, respected and well-loved bishop in 396, imperial agents marched into his church, pushing past him and his clergy who had crowded the altar to protect a political suspect from arrest, and dragged the
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Brown says Ambrose "had the makings of a faction fighter". While he got along well with most people, Ambrose was not averse to conflict and even opposed emperors with a fearlessness born of self-confidence and a clear conscience and not from any belief he would not suffer for his decisions. Having
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of the Apostles), the other in the suburbs (St Victor's). Ambrose refused to surrender the churches. He answered by saying that "What belongs to God, is outside the emperor's power." In this, Ambrose called on an ancient Roman principle: a temple set apart to a god became the property of that god.
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Gratian was personally devout long before meeting Ambrose. Modern scholarship indicates Gratian's religious policies do not evidence capitulation to Ambrose more than they evidence Gratian's own views. Gratian's devotion did lead Ambrose to write a large number of books and letters of theology and
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When read, his eyes scanned the page and his heart sought out the meaning, but his voice was silent and his tongue was still. Anyone could approach him freely and guests were not commonly announced, so that often, when we came to visit him, we found him reading like this in silence, for he never
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in 390, Theodosius made an act of public penance at Ambrose's behest. Ambrose was away from court during the events at Thessalonica, but after being informed of them, he wrote Theodosius a letter. In that still-existing letter, Ambrose presses for a semi-public demonstration of penitence from the
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Romans claimed to be the most religious of peoples. Their unique success in war, conquest, and the formation of an empire, was attributed to the empire maintaining good relations with the gods through proper reverence and worship practices. This did not change once the empire's official religion
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Recent scholarship has tended to reject former views that the edict was a key step in establishing Christianity as the official religion of the empire since it was aimed exclusively at Constantinople and seems to have gone largely unnoticed by contemporaries outside the capital. Nonetheless, the
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A unity of power puts aside all idea of a degrading subjection. His giving up of power, and His victory as conqueror won over death, have not lessened His power. Obedience works out subjection. Christ has taken obedience upon Himself, obedience even to taking on Him our flesh, the cross even to
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The twenty-first-century view is that Ambrose was "not a power behind the throne". The two men did not meet each other frequently, and documents that reveal the relationship between the two are less about personal friendship than they are about negotiations between two formidable leaders of the
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issued an edict censuring Christians in Rome for burning down a Jewish synagogue, warned Theodosius that the people, in turn, exclaimed "the emperor has become a Jew", implying that Theodosius would receive the same lack of support from the people. Theodosius rescinded the order concerning the
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in belief, was considered acceptable to Arians due to the charity he had shown concerning their beliefs. At first, he energetically refused the office of bishop, for which he felt he was in no way prepared: Ambrose was a relatively new Christian who was not yet baptized nor formally trained in
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long before his biography was written, making it difficult for modern historians to understand his true character and fairly place his behaviour within the context of antiquity. Most agree he was the personification of his era. This would make Ambrose a genuinely spiritual man who spoke up and
1571:
Then Ambrose wrote to Valentinian asserting that the emperor was a soldier of God β not simply a personal believer, but one bound by his position to serve the faith; under no circumstances could he agree to something that would promote the worship of idols. Ambrose held up the example of
1449:
His acts and writings show he was quite clear about the limits of imperial power over the church's internal affairs including doctrine, moral teaching, and governance. He wrote to Valentinian: "In matters of faith bishops are the judges of Christian emperors, not emperors of bishops."
1169:, Theodosius published his own statement of faith in 381 in an edict establishing Nicene Catholic Christianity as the only legitimate version of the Christian faith. There is unanimity amongst scholars that this represents the emperor's own beliefs. The aftermath of the death (378) of
1257:
For centuries after his death, Theodosius was regarded as a champion of Christian orthodoxy who decisively stamped out paganism. This view was recorded by Theodoret, who is recognized as an unreliable historian, in the century following their deaths. Theodosius's predecessors
3102:", a method of chanting where one side of the choir alternately responds to the other. Although Ambrosian chant was named in his honour, no Ambrosian-chant melodies can be attributed to Ambrose. With Augustine, Ambrose was traditionally credited with composing the hymn "
5367:, p. 5: "The task that lay before the Christian leadership was to replace one form of the sacred with another. The fourth century was above all the moment when this replacement was being orchestrated, and the role that Ambrose played in the process was crucial.
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and the anonymous individuals whom Augustine criticized in his treatise "on faith and works", who argued that while the unbelievers would experience eternal judgement, all Christians who have believed in Jesus will be reunited to God at some point, even if they have
1525:, Maccabees, and other Jewish sources for his writings. He praises some individual Jews. Ambrose tended to write negatively of all non-Nicenes as if they were all in one category. This served a rhetorical purpose in his writing and should be considered accordingly.
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considerable period to supervise affairs, returning to Constantinople in 391 and leaving behind the Frankish general Arbogast to keep an eye on the young emperor. By May of the following year, Arbogast's ward was dead amidst rumours of both treachery and suicide...
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remains controversial; the almost immediate popularity of his style quickly prompted imitations, some which may even date from his lifetime. There are four hymns for which Ambrose's authorship is universally accepted, as they are attributed to him by Augustine:
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Christ is not divided but one. If we adore him as the Son of God, we do not deny his birth from the virgin. ... But nobody shall extend this to Mary. Mary was the temple of God but not God in the temple. Therefore, only the one who was in the temple can be
973:
the Reformation of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Orthodox Christianity was determining how to define itself as it faced multiple challenges on both a theological and a practical level, and Ambrose exercised crucial influence at a crucial time.
1004:
It has long been convention to see Gratian and Ambrose as having a personal friendship, putting Ambrose in the dominant role of spiritual guide, but modern scholars now find this view hard to support from the sources. The ancient Christian historian
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of the altar rather than desert it. The tumult of the people I will not encourage: but God alone can appease it." By Thursday, the emperor gave in, bitterly responding: "Soon, if Ambrose gives the orders, you will be sending me to him in chains."
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induced Christian senators to petition against it, and Ambrose blocked the delegates from obtaining an audience with the emperor. Under Valentinian II, an effort was made to restore the Altar of Victory to its ancient station in the hall of the
1072:, in the winter of 379 by helping to appoint a Nicene bishop in Sirmium. Not long after this, Valentinian II, his mother, and the court left Sirmium; Sirmium had come under Theodosius' control, so they went to Milan which was ruled by Gratian.
1568:. Hans Lietzmann writes that "Pagans and Christians alike were stirred by the solemn earnestness of an admonition which called all men of goodwill to the aid of a glorious history, to render all worthy honour to a world that was fading away".
888:. This raised his standing even further; it was his popularity with the people that gave him considerable political leverage throughout his career. Upon the unexpected appointment of Ambrose to the episcopate, his brother Satyrus resigned a
915:, though contrary to tradition, quickly spread through Egypt, Libya and other Roman provinces. Bishops engaged in the dispute, and the people divided into parties, sometimes demonstrating in the streets in support of one side or the other.
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however, and Augustine writes of Simplician's "fatherly affection" for him. It was Simplician who introduced Augustine to Christian Neoplatonism. It is commonly understood in the Christian Tradition that Ambrose baptized Augustine.
1083:. Valentinian was twelve years old, and the assassination left his mother, Justina, in a position of something akin to a regent. In 385 (or 386) the emperor Valentinian II and his mother Justina, along with a considerable number of
1321:, now appointed Augustus to govern the western portion of the empire. Arbogast and Eugenius courted Ambrose's support by very obliging letters; but before they arrived at Milan, he had retired to Bologna, where he assisted at the
861:. Ambrose went to the church where the election was to take place to prevent an uproar which seemed probable in this crisis. His address was interrupted by a call, "Ambrose, bishop!", which was taken up by the whole assembly.
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in the year 381. Ambrose was elected president and Palladius, being called upon to defend his opinions, declined. A vote was then taken and Palladius and his associate Secundianus were deposed from their episcopal offices.
4689:. From this, practically all of Ambrose's biographers have concluded that Ambrose's father was a praetorian prefect in Gaul. This is the only evidence we have, however, that there ever was an Ambrose as prefect in Gaul."
1060:. In 382, Gratian was the first to divert public financial subsidies that had previously supported Rome's cults. Before that year, contributions in support of the ancient customs had continued unchallenged by the state.
1416:
and dealt directly with the needs of the poor, as well as widows and orphans, "virgins" (nuns), and his own clergy. He replied to letters personally, practised hospitality, and made himself available to the people.
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in 378. Gratian had become involved in fighting the Goths the previous year and had been on his way to the Balkans when his uncle and the "cream of the eastern army" were destroyed at Adrianople. Gratian withdrew to
5343:, p. 6: " the history of the early Church was a golden age of religious ferment and controversy such as - it could well be argued - would not be seen again until the Reformation, more than a millennium later.
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Two laws were recorded from this time. One of these cancelled the "law of toleration" Gratian had previously issued at Sirmium. This toleration allowed freedom of worship to all with the exception of the heretical
941:, who became his colleague in the empire in 375, adhered to the Arian creed. Ambrose sought to refute Arian propositions theologically, but Ambrose did not sway the young prince's position. In the East, Emperor
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that Faustus, the Manichean rhetorician, was a more impressive speaker, but the content of Ambrose's sermons began to affect Augustine's faith. Augustine sought guidance from Ambrose and again records in his
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3250:
is written in a different style with some silent disagreements, so there is less consensus over its author. This latter work was occasionally identified as being by St. Augustine, though this is erroneous.
5355:, pp. 7β8: "In the face of all these rivals orthodox Christianity was not an impassive object. In reacting to them it defined itself and assumed more and more of the contours that we recognize today."
2913:
The virgin birth is worthy of God. Which human birth would have been more worthy of God, than the one in which the Immaculate Son of God maintained the purity of his immaculate origin while becoming human?
1045:: a statement of orthodoxy and of Ambrose' political theology, as well as a polemic against the Arian heresy β intended for public discussion. The emperor had not asked to be instructed by Ambrose, and in
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which had failed to be listed in the exceptions. There is no evidence to support Ambrose as having had anything to do with this restatement since sanctions against Donatism had existed since Constantine.
1502:. Fortyβthree of his treatises have been preserved, and these by Christians, rather than Jews. Philo became foundational in forming the Christian literary view on the six days of creation through Basil's
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praising the appropriateness of Rome appointing individuals worthy of holy positions, Ambrose's host gave him up. Within a week, he was baptized, ordained and duly consecrated as the new bishop of
528:
in Milan when he was unexpectedly made Bishop of Milan in 374 by popular acclamation. As bishop, he took a firm position against Arianism and attempted to mediate the conflict between the emperors
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and other Greek authors, but nevertheless gives a distinctly Western cast to the speculations of which he treats. This is particularly manifest in the weightier emphasis which he lays upon human
1137:(383) and was considering a descent upon Italy, Valentinian sent Ambrose to dissuade him, and the embassy was successful (384). A second, later embassy was unsuccessful. Magnus Maximus entered
2808:(that some destined for Heaven must first undergo a phase of purification). Some other works by Ambrose could potentially be seen as teaching the mainstream view of salvation. For example:
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had done so a few decades before. However, the hymns of Hilary are thought to have been largely inaccessible because of their complexity and length. Only fragments of hymns from Hilary's
5316:, pp. 6β7: "By Ambrose's day was in slow decline but far from having breathed its last: Ambrose's struggles with it occupied his energies for more than half of his term as bishop."
1400:
and wrote many extraordinary hymns. Despite an abiding spirituality, Ambrose had a generally straightforward manner, and a practical rather than a speculative tendency in his thinking.
1068:
The childless Gratian had treated his younger brother Valentinian II like a son. Ambrose, on the other hand, had incurred the lasting enmity of Valentinian II's mother, the Empress
810:
Sometime early in the life of Ambrose, his father died. At an unknown later date, his mother fled Trier with her three children, and the family moved to Rome. There Ambrose studied
1126:, no formal charges were brought. The emperor certainly had the power to do so, and probably did not solely because of Ambrose's popularity with the people and what they might do.
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the basilica began pouring into the church, assuring Ambrose of their fidelity. The escutcheons outside the church were removed, and legend says the children tore them to shreds.
1498:, in his own writings, treating Philo as one of the "faithful interpreters of the Scriptures". Philo was an educated man of some standing and a prolific writer during the era of
1579:. Although Theodosius refused their requests, he was irritated at the bishop's presumption and refused to see him for several days. Later, Ambrose wrote a letter to the emperor
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man from the church in front of Ambrose who could do nothing to stop them. "When it came to the central functions of the Roman state, even the vivid Ambrose was a lightweight".
1210:
Liebeschuetz and Hill indicate that it was not until after 388, during Theodosius' stay in Milan following the defeat of Maximus in 388, that Theodosius and Ambrose first met.
607:
2873:
Some scholars have suggested Ambrose's endeavours to lead his people as both a Roman and a Christian caused him to strive for what a modern context would describe as a type of
3094:
contends that further attributions could include "perhaps some ten others". Ambrose is traditionally credited but not actually known to have composed any of the repertory of
1056:
to become a major influence in Gratian's court. Ambrose had not yet become the "conscience" of kings he would in the later 380s, but he did speak out against reinstating the
996:, but exactly how much influence, what kind of influence, and in what ways, when, has been debated in the scholarship of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.
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depicting Ambrose as a child while bees swarm his crib. His father is on the right of the image while the sky has three clouds "sending forth flames". The relief is from the
9469:
2916:
We confess that Christ the Lord was born from a virgin, and therefore we reject the natural order of things. Because she conceived not from a man but from the Holy Spirit.
1572:
Valentinian's brother, Gratian, reminding Valentinian that the commandment of God must take precedence. The bishop's intervention led to the failure of Symmachus' appeal.
1254:
powerful institutions they represent: the Roman State and the Italian Church. Cameron says there is no evidence that Ambrose was a significant influence on the emperor.
711:
family in the year 339. Ambrose himself wrote that he was 53 years old in his letter number 49, which has been dated to 392. He began life in Augusta Treverorum (modern
693:
4178:
appeared at Paris (1686β90) in two folio volumes; it was twice reprinted at Venice (1748β51, and 1781β82). The latest edition of the writings of St. Ambrose is that of
11986:
1446:
begun his life as a Roman aristocrat and a governor, it is clear that Ambrose retained the attitudes and practices of Roman governance even after becoming a bishop.
4152:
edited them in four tomes at Basle (1527). A valuable Roman edition was brought out in 1580, in five volumes, the result of many years' labour; it was begun by
3177:
Source: All works are originally in Latin. Following each is where it may be found in a standard compilation of Ambrose's writings. His first work was probably
1103:
Ambrose now applied this ancient legal principle to the Christian churches, seeing the bishop, as a divine representative, as guardian of his god's property.
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1193:
13700:
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884:
As bishop, he immediately adopted an ascetic lifestyle, apportioned his money to the poor, donating all of his land, making only provision for his sister
13595:
674:
9051:
Wojcieszak, Maciej (2014). "Obraz spoΕeczeΕstwa Italii w listach AmbroΕΌego z Mediolanu" [Social issues in the letters of St. Ambrose of Milan].
1396:
advocate for his God. Boniface Ramsey writes that it is difficult "not to posit a deep spirituality in a man" who wrote on the mystical meanings of the
1340:, Theodosius died at Milan in 395, and Ambrose gave the eulogy. Two years later (4 April 397) Ambrose also died. He was succeeded as bishop of Milan by
753:, book XI.5). What does seem certain is that Ambrose was born in Trier and his father was either the praetorian prefect or part of his administration.
8516:
7644:
6164:
509:(386β390). His preaching, his actions and his literary works, in addition to his innovative musical hymnography, made him one of the most influential
9355:
7173:
7133:
1384:
dealings with the Arians in his episcopate, his pastoral care, his commitment to community, and his personal asceticism, have mitigated this view.
4329:
De Iacob, De Ioseph, De patriarchis, De fuga saeculi, De interpellatione Iob et David, De apologia prophetae David, De Helia, De Nabuthae, De Tobia
10821:
4344:
1049:
Ambrose states this clearly. Nor was he asked to refute the Arians. He was asked to justify his own position, but in the end, he did all three.
11979:
10851:
6128:"Saint Ambrose, Bishop and Confessor, Doctor of the Church. December 7. Rev. Alban Butler. 1866. Volume XII: December. The Lives of the Saints"
4247:
1534:
1242:
says "Theodosius duly complied and came to church without his imperial robes, until Christmas, when Ambrose openly admitted him to communion".
949:) likewise professed the Nicene creed; but there were many adherents of Arianism throughout his dominions, especially among the higher clergy.
9252:
1543:
Throughout his time in the episcopate, Ambrose was active in his opposition to any state sponsorship of pagan cults. When Gratian ordered the
12894:
2672:
1923:
548:" hymn, though modern scholars now reject both of these attributions. Ambrose's authorship on at least four hymns, including the well-known "
4711:. The law cancelling this has been presented in previous scholarship as proof of Ambrose's influence over Gratian, but the law's target was
4408:(Vol. 82/3: lib. 10, epp. extra collectionem. gesta concilii Aquileiensis, 1990); Indices et addenda β comp. M. Zelzer, 1996, Vol. 82/4
1387:
13354:
4318:
4216:
2952:
of Rome. Using his excellent knowledge of Greek, which was then rare in the West, Ambrose studied the Old Testament and Greek authors like
1297:
Embossed silver urn with the body of Ambrose (with white vestments) in the crypt of Sant'Ambrose, with the skeletons of Gervase and Protase
639:
8730:
Salzman, Michele Renee (1993). "The Evidence for the Conversion of the Roman Empire to Christianity in Book 16 of the "Theodosian Code"".
6620:
1521:
led to a number of legends of his conversion to Christianity, although this assertion stands on very dubious evidence". Ambrose also used
11909:
5183:
4405:
4401:
4348:
8183:
13670:
12916:
1207:; it did not declare Christianity to be the official religion of the empire; and it gave no advantage to Christians over other faiths.
682:
4361:
Explanatio symboli, De sacramentis, De mysteriis, De paenitentia, De excessu fratris Satyri, De obitu Valentiniani, De obitu Theodosii
1250:, a historian of the fifth century who wrote of the events of 390 "using his own ideology to fill the gaps in the historical record".
11972:
9873:
9826:
8904:
Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina (22 May 2016). "Some Notes on the Urban Planning of Mediolanum and on the Orientation of Its Decumanus".
4448:, with an introduction and translation, Sister Mary Joseph Aloysius Buck, (Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America, 1929)
13134:
13675:
12556:
1027:
McLynn asserts that the largest influence on Gratian's policy was the profound change in political circumstances produced by the
8617:
5221:
An accomplished orator and legal advocate, Ambrose was appointed to the Judicial Council by Probus, Praetorian Prefect of Italy.
13204:
9271:, Contributions to Sources of Anglo-Saxon Literary Culture, by Dabney Anderson Bankert, Jessica Wegmann, and Charles D. Wright.
9261:
4221:
1368:
13680:
13665:
11813:
9348:
9091:
9041:
8973:
8954:
8935:
8894:
8867:
8821:
8800:
8781:
8720:
8702:
8660:
8639:
8606:
8587:
8569:
8543:
8467:
8446:
8408:
8381:
8362:
8341:
8322:
8292:
8273:
8246:
8208:
8161:
8046:
8027:
7967:
7948:
7879:
7860:
7841:
7822:
7756:
7735:
7697:
7671:
7611:
7588:
7570:
6810:
6784:
6640:
6199:
4470:, translated by Mary Melchior Beyenka, Fathers of the Church, vol 26, (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America, 1954)
1454:
21.4). He also famously said to an Arian bishop chosen by the emperor, "The emperor is in the church, not over the church." (
1372:
760:
settled on his face while he lay in his cradle, leaving behind a drop of honey. His father is said to have considered this a
1145:
was taken. Justina and her son fled, but Ambrose remained and had the plate of the church melted for the relief of the poor.
881:. This was the first time in the West that a member of the upper class of high officials had accepted the office of bishop.
13660:
13025:
10021:
9230:
4272:
727:
in Germany. Scholars disagree on who exactly his father was. His father is sometimes identified with Aurelius Ambrosius, a
4488:, translated by Roy J. Deferrari, Fathers of the church vol 44, (Washington: Catholic University of American Press, 1963)
13228:
13216:
13094:
11995:
9775:
2305:
1547:
to be removed, it roused the aristocracy of Rome to send a delegation to the emperor to appeal against the decision, but
1348:
in Milan, where it has been continuously venerated β along with the bodies identified in his time as being those of
478:
4494:, translated by Michael McHugh, Fathers of the Church, vol 65, (Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 1972)
911:, indicating that the Son was a lesser being who was not eternal and of a different "essence" from God the Father. This
12953:
10726:
9844:
4458:, with an introduction and translation, Lois Miles Zucker, (Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America, 1933)
13685:
12887:
12394:
8679:
8098:
7716:
7632:
5214:
2768:
2665:
1809:
481:
from 374 to 397. He expressed himself prominently as a public figure, fiercely promoting Roman Christianity against
13750:
13690:
13013:
12448:
12442:
11685:
10856:
9341:
826:
7777:
1404:
is a utilitarian guide for his clergy in their daily ministry in the Milanese church rather than "an intellectual
13568:
13031:
12969:
12960:
12738:
12454:
12406:
12349:
12264:
9266:
7275:
4464:, translated by LP McCauley et al., Fathers of the Church vol 22, (New York: Fathers of the Church, Inc., 1953) ,
3043:
Ambrose's writings extend past literature and into music, where he was an important innovator in early Christian
2828:
or conditional on the state of repentance. The passage most often cited in support of Ambrose supposed belief in
2035:
1470:
Ambrose is recorded on occasions as taking a hostile attitude towards Jews, for example in 388, when the Emperor
1329:. From there he went to Florence, where he remained until Eugenius withdrew from Milan to meet Theodosius in the
13755:
13730:
13720:
13710:
13424:
13043:
12388:
11916:
10448:
4599:
4536:, translated with an introduction and notes by JHWG Liebschuetz, (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2005)
4264:
3059:
exist, making those of Ambrose the earliest extant complete Latin hymns. The assembling of Ambrose's surviving
1604:
823:
775:
Ambrose's mother was a woman of intellect and piety. It was probable that she was a member of the Roman family
8774:
Pagans and Christians in Late Antique Rome : Conflict, Competition, and Coexistence in the Fourth Century
7918:
Cunningham, Maurice P. (October 1955). "The Place of the Hymns of St. Ambrose in the Latin Poetic Tradition".
1293:
615:
13583:
13019:
12412:
12180:
12131:
11778:
10966:
9921:
9819:
7748:
Through the Eye of a Needle: Wealth, the Fall of Rome, and the Making of Christianity in the West, 350-550 AD
1849:
1583:
complaining that some gifts the latter had bestowed on pagan senators could be used for funding pagan cults.
1391:
Statue of Saint Ambrose with a scourge in Museo del Duomo, Milan. Unknown Lombard author, early 17th century.
728:
2712:
ability. He succeeded as a theologian despite his juridical training and his comparatively late handling of
2500:
1696:
1474:
was informed that a crowd of Christians had retaliated against the local Jewish community by destroying the
13745:
13715:
12880:
12466:
12436:
12187:
10533:
9017:
Washburn, Daniel (2006). "The Thessalonian Affair in the Fifth Century Histories". In Drake, Harold Allen;
7977:
Davidson, Ivor J. (1995). "Ambrose's de officiis and the Intellectual Climate of the Late Fourth Century".
4585:
4524:, edited with an introduction, translation, and commentary by Ivor J Davidson, 2 vols, (Oxford: OUP, 2001)
3051:
designated him to be "The Father of church hymnody". He was not the first to write Latin hymns; the Bishop
2658:
2605:
1345:
697:
339:
221:
84:
7943:. The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. XIII (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2525:
662:
defended his faith against opponents, an aristocrat who retained many of the attitudes and practices of a
13735:
13705:
12284:
12159:
12138:
12090:
12076:
9891:
7137:
3242:
in the individual Christian life. There has been debate on the attribution of some writings: for example
3170:
3047:. His contributions include the "successful invention of Christian Latin hymnody", while the hymnologist
2345:
1326:
1302:
627:
17:
13614:
8691:
8564:, The Transformation of the Classical Heritage, vol. 22, Berkeley: University of California Press,
13760:
12424:
12291:
12277:
12166:
12152:
12117:
12069:
12062:
11680:
10901:
9573:
9511:
7522:
4613:
4580:
4167:
3138:
2535:
1681:
1561:
1434:
780:
489:. He left a substantial collection of writings, of which the best known include the ethical commentary
265:
8220:
Augustine and the Latin Classics, vol. 2: Augustine's Attitude, Studia Graeca et Latina Gothoburgensia
7772:
4482:, translated by John J Savage, Fathers of the Church, vol 42, (New York: Fathers of the Church, 1961)
2285:
13695:
13590:
12773:
12744:
12720:
12301:
12173:
12145:
10936:
10746:
10706:
3130:
2430:
2235:
260:
6692:
1192:, and attempted to establish unity in Christianity and to suppress heresy. German ancient historian
13765:
13087:
13037:
12761:
12625:
12430:
12208:
12201:
11542:
10801:
10468:
10250:
10134:
10114:
10054:
9812:
4604:
4476:, edited by Henry Chadwick, Studies in Eucharistic faith and practice 5, (London: AR Mowbray, 1960)
4134:
2933:
1950:
1706:
1676:
1234:
1227:
1160:
961:
842:
838:
736:
732:
525:
35:
8019:
4518:, translated by Theodosia Tomkinson, (Etna, CA: Center for Traditionalist Orthodox Studies, 2000)
1238:
emperor, telling him that, as his bishop, he will not give Theodosius communion until it is done.
13725:
13338:
13007:
12964:
12055:
12024:
11675:
11014:
10984:
10375:
10149:
9939:
9835:
8623:
8527:
8056:
Errington, R. Malcolm (1997). "Christian Accounts of the Religious Legislation of Theodosius I".
8011:
7655:
6926:
Universalism: The Prevailing Doctrine of The Christian Church During Its First Five Hundred Years
4257:
4208:
4175:
3193:(377β391) have been given a wide variety of datings by scholars. His best known work is probably
2996:
2974:
2540:
2170:
1797:
1659:
1349:
1119:
735:
dated 3 February 339 (addressed in a brief extract from one of the three emperors ruling in 339,
579:
556:, which includes others that are sometimes attributed to him. He also had a notable influence on
9284:
2270:
873:. Ambrose fled to a colleague's home, seeking to hide. Upon receiving a letter from the Emperor
13740:
13600:
13578:
13350:
13169:
13164:
12987:
12978:
12767:
12755:
12475:
11941:
10806:
10751:
10453:
10094:
10059:
10036:
9944:
9853:
9763:
8832:
4229:
4179:
3078:
2780:
2460:
2095:
1832:
1575:
In 389, Ambrose stepped in against a pagan senatorial delegation who wished to see the emperor
1356:
1330:
1198:
549:
31:
8909:
8811:
8650:
8535:
8173:
7663:
7362:
7360:
1188:
and could have their places of worship officially recognized as "churches". The Edict opposed
807:
himself conferred the veil upon her. Both Ambrose's siblings also became venerated as saints.
13624:
13159:
13077:
12936:
12732:
12640:
11884:
11848:
11670:
11610:
10999:
10881:
10791:
10648:
10618:
10553:
10493:
10463:
10099:
10044:
9886:
9758:
9491:
9081:
8426:
8352:
8192:
7939:
Curran, John (1998). "From Jovian to Theodosius". In Cameron, Averil; Garnsey, Peter (eds.).
7599:
6632:
5188:
5176: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
4575:
4162:
3038:
3027:
2325:
2030:
1970:
1945:
1753:
1564:, who used all his prodigious skill and artistry to create a marvellous document full of the
1499:
1177:
953:
310:
12973:
8690:
2791:, two other early Christian universalists. One quotation cited in favour of this belief is:
2708:, who they claim fell short of Ambrose's administrative excellence but demonstrated greater
2335:
2310:
1866:
1091:, and the military, professed Arianism. Conflict between Ambrose and Justina soon followed.
13650:
13573:
13333:
13114:
13104:
13072:
12780:
12726:
12577:
11788:
11733:
11728:
10731:
10653:
10633:
10568:
10538:
10360:
10315:
10290:
10245:
10207:
10172:
10109:
10069:
9969:
9793:
8631:
7357:
4438:, translated by Martin McGuire, (Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America, 1927)
4156:, while yet the monk Felice Peretti. Prefixed to it is the life of St. Ambrose composed by
2801:
2701:
2425:
2215:
2180:
2150:
2120:
2090:
1985:
1881:
1701:
1691:
1612:
1107:
1028:
923:
919:
858:
724:
567:
563:
439:
283:
95:
11763:
11743:
11009:
10658:
9857:
8791:
SΓ‘ry, PΓ‘l (2019). "Remarks on the Edict of Thessalonica of 380". In Vojtech VladΓ‘r (ed.).
8552:
7680:
7223:
6947:
2520:
8:
13655:
13543:
13154:
12818:
12619:
12547:
12367:
11838:
11718:
11560:
10826:
10711:
10691:
10628:
10588:
10558:
10508:
10488:
10428:
10423:
10418:
10413:
10385:
10255:
10129:
10026:
10017:
9964:
9563:
9483:
9416:
9315:
8793:
Perpauca Terrena Blande Honori dedicata pocta Petrovi Blahovi K NedoΕΎitΓ½m 80. NarodeninΓ‘m
5209:. Cistercian studies series, 236. Collegeville, Minnesota: Liturgical Press. p. 19.
4357:β ed. M. Petschenig 1919, Vol. 64; editio altera supplementis aucta β cur. M. Zelzer 1999
2804:(that both those in Heaven and in Hell undergo a bodily resurrection), or an allusion to
2490:
2360:
2240:
2175:
1980:
1908:
1787:
1776:
1711:
1513:
1495:
1322:
761:
11818:
10736:
8372:
Liebeschuetz, John Hugo Wolfgang Gideon; Hill, Carole; Mediolanensis, Ambrosius (2005).
7523:
St. Ambrose "On the mysteries" and the treatise "On the sacraments" by an unknown author
4322:
2415:
2375:
2330:
13400:
13310:
13298:
13275:
13139:
13049:
12991:
12861:
12824:
12799:
12634:
12488:
12400:
12096:
11879:
11874:
11823:
11748:
11103:
10951:
10841:
10796:
10786:
10716:
10701:
10598:
10583:
10578:
10513:
10478:
10473:
10370:
10320:
10295:
10260:
10225:
10104:
9994:
9984:
9929:
9896:
9655:
9454:
9308:
9290:
9136:
9005:
8747:
8522:
8499:
8482:
8480:(November 1994). "Desert Monasticism and the Later Fourth-Century Psalmodic Movement".
8252:
8138:
8075:
7994:
7927:
7906:
7801:
7650:
7543:
5041:
4253:
4241:
4204:
4192:
4171:
3219:
3107:
3052:
3048:
2992:
2800:
One could interpret this passage as being another example of the Christian belief in a
2705:
2686:
2633:
2560:
2185:
2165:
2135:
2085:
1960:
1955:
1903:
1718:
1318:
892:
in order to move to Milan, where he took over managing the diocese's temporal affairs.
870:
854:
800:
749:
583:
557:
270:
180:
130:
10365:
8420:
7602:. In Leemans, Johan; Nuffelen, Peter Van; Keough, Shawn W.J.; Nicolaye, Carla (eds.).
6921:
4726:
edict is the first known secular Roman law to positively assert a religious orthodoxy.
4687:
posito in administratione prefecture Galliarum patre eius Ambrosio natus est Ambrosius
4540:
Several of Ambrose's works have recently been published in the bilingual Latin-German
4426:
St. Ambrose "On the mysteries" and the treatise on the sacraments by an unknown author
2265:
12714:
12702:
12684:
12523:
11904:
11889:
11858:
11853:
11798:
11773:
11738:
11565:
11327:
11157:
11127:
10976:
10961:
10921:
10846:
10811:
10638:
10548:
10483:
10345:
10340:
10325:
10300:
10275:
10240:
10197:
10089:
10074:
9901:
9753:
9712:
9545:
9246:
9201:
9140:
9087:
9060:
9037:
8969:
8950:
8931:
8905:
8890:
8863:
8817:
8796:
8777:
8739:
8716:
8698:
8675:
8656:
8635:
8602:
8583:
8565:
8539:
8463:
8442:
8404:
8377:
8358:
8337:
8318:
8288:
8269:
8256:
8242:
8204:
8157:
8094:
8079:
8042:
8023:
7963:
7944:
7875:
7856:
7853:
Christianity and the rhetoric of empire : the development of Christian discourse
7837:
7818:
7767:
7752:
7731:
7712:
7693:
7667:
7628:
7607:
7584:
7566:
7174:"NPNF2-10. Ambrose: Selected Works and Letters β Christian Classics Ethereal Library"
6806:
6780:
6636:
6195:
5210:
5033:
4542:
4296:
4276:
4197:
3227:
2968:, with whom he was also exchanging letters. Ambrose became a famous rhetorician whom
2965:
2788:
2709:
2694:
2645:
2545:
2470:
2455:
2450:
2420:
2390:
2355:
2350:
2275:
2205:
2115:
1886:
1649:
1517:
1239:
1069:
731:; but some scholars identify his father as an official named Uranius who received an
11019:
10771:
9333:
9274:
7960:
Episcopal Networks in Late Antiquity: Connection and Communication Across Boundaries
2783:. It has been noted that Ambrose's theology was significantly influenced by that of
2510:
2315:
13645:
13432:
13221:
13197:
13149:
13064:
12812:
12678:
12672:
12649:
12562:
12516:
11964:
11708:
11620:
11502:
11492:
11377:
11372:
11292:
11287:
11227:
11202:
11197:
11192:
11182:
11172:
11147:
11122:
11077:
10866:
10861:
10836:
10816:
10696:
10681:
10673:
10623:
10613:
10573:
10405:
10390:
10355:
10330:
10265:
9989:
9974:
9959:
9954:
9748:
9529:
9524:
9435:
9396:
9378:
9368:
9210:
9128:
8844:
8627:
8531:
8491:
8396:
8234:
8130:
8067:
8039:
Creation and Literary Re-Creation: Ambrose's Use of Philo in the Hexaemeral Letters
8015:
7986:
7898:
7889:
Chesnut, Glenn F. (1981). "The Date of Composition of Theodoret's Church history".
7793:
7659:
7443:
6628:
5025:
4668:
4660:
4655:
4647:
4617:
2833:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2550:
2480:
2405:
2230:
2140:
2045:
2020:
1990:
1758:
1666:
1544:
1223:
1057:
885:
865:
796:
788:
424:
10380:
9235:
8697:, translated by Joseph Costelloe, Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press,
4784:
13500:
13457:
13447:
13442:
13395:
13389:
13325:
13245:
12849:
12708:
12613:
12604:
12535:
12418:
11899:
11758:
11645:
11630:
11527:
11487:
11472:
11452:
11397:
11322:
11312:
11282:
11272:
11207:
11177:
11137:
11132:
10956:
10876:
10831:
10776:
10663:
10608:
10498:
10350:
10235:
10162:
10084:
10049:
9949:
9727:
9299:
9166:
9031:
8857:
8457:
8436:
8312:
8228:
8151:
8088:
7746:
7406:
6189:
5204:
4608:
4157:
3134:
3095:
2570:
2530:
2475:
2410:
2400:
2370:
2365:
2340:
2295:
2280:
2260:
2200:
2145:
2075:
2010:
1494:
For example, Ambrose makes extensive and appreciative use of the works of a Jew,
1364:
1123:
769:
650:
646:
575:
553:
541:
521:
255:
59:
10871:
9804:
9197:
5850:
5587:
829:
first gave him a place as a judicial councillor, and then in about 372 made him
787:) in its history. Ambrose was the youngest of three children. His siblings were
13482:
13452:
13437:
13379:
13369:
13304:
13287:
13129:
12497:
11921:
11894:
11700:
11615:
11555:
11497:
11482:
11467:
11447:
11442:
11402:
11392:
11302:
11277:
11262:
11247:
11242:
11222:
11217:
11212:
11152:
11034:
11004:
10989:
10946:
10916:
10891:
10761:
10721:
10686:
10563:
10543:
10528:
10523:
10518:
10438:
10335:
10280:
10215:
10167:
10079:
9906:
9732:
9722:
9459:
8578:
Mediolanensis, Ambrose (2005). Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G.; Hill, Carole (eds.).
8511:
8477:
8108:
Gafford II, Joe Aaron (2015). "The Life and Conversion of Augustine of Hippo".
8071:
8058:
5206:
Outreach and Renewal: A First-millennium Legacy for the Third-millennium Church
4594:
3091:
3011:
2983:
that Ambrose was too busy to answer his questions. In a passage of Augustine's
2890:
2821:
2743:
training of his youth, enabled him to promulgate a lofty standard of Christian
2565:
2555:
2380:
2300:
2290:
2160:
2100:
1854:
1827:
1792:
1728:
1641:
1548:
1483:
1419:
1270:
1181:
1130:
1080:
989:
938:
904:
834:
830:
740:
716:
663:
533:
517:
510:
459:
414:
184:
12982:
11723:
9132:
8885:
in Ambrose' theology of community". In Gannaway, Ethan; Grant, Robert (eds.).
8153:
Early Latin theology: selections from Tertullian, Cyprian, Ambrose, and Jerome
6995:
2515:
13639:
13517:
13374:
13257:
13179:
13119:
13082:
12836:
12696:
12194:
11953:
11843:
11828:
11808:
11753:
11713:
11517:
11512:
11462:
11457:
11387:
11367:
11332:
11297:
11267:
11237:
11232:
11162:
11057:
11029:
10994:
10926:
10906:
10187:
10182:
10064:
9861:
9501:
9364:
9064:
8743:
8304:
Some account of the Council of Nicæa in connexion with the life of Athanasius
8200:
8178:
7018:
6971:
5177:
5037:
4567:
4315:
Hexameron, De paradiso, De Cain, De Noe, De Abraham, De Isaac, De bono mortis
4153:
3126:
2906:
2829:
2465:
2395:
2210:
2195:
2155:
2070:
2025:
2015:
1876:
1802:
1748:
1723:
1557:
1259:
982:
804:
404:
9240:
8848:
8187:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 798β799.
7990:
5838:
5679:
5667:
5575:
5129:
2889:
The theological treatises of Ambrose of Milan would come to influence Popes
13505:
13477:
13407:
13099:
12943:
12911:
12903:
12830:
12806:
12792:
12786:
12690:
12334:
12083:
11833:
11532:
11522:
11507:
11437:
11412:
11347:
11307:
11257:
11167:
11082:
10886:
10766:
10741:
10310:
10119:
9911:
9849:
9780:
9768:
9717:
9703:
8395:. Vol. 4. Translated by Bertram Lee Woolf. London: Lutterworth Press.
6127:
5802:
4622:
4300:
4280:
3235:
2698:
2590:
2130:
2005:
1844:
1576:
1553:
1471:
1337:
1314:
1204:
993:
942:
705:
658:
591:
529:
314:
188:
67:
8996:
Verlag, Franz Steiner (1976). "Arbogast and the Death of Valentinian II".
8495:
8400:
8238:
4420:
A Select Library of Nicene and PostβNicene Fathers of the Christian Church
3155:
3022:
3014:
did occur in antiquity and that it was not generally regarded as unusual.
1595:
13563:
13537:
13530:
13523:
13510:
13495:
13490:
13209:
13192:
13144:
11793:
11640:
11432:
11427:
11422:
11417:
11407:
11357:
11352:
11342:
11317:
11252:
11142:
10941:
10931:
10911:
10781:
10756:
10285:
10192:
9979:
8759:
Salzman, Michele Renee (2006). "Symmachus and the "Barbarian" Generals".
8134:
7797:
5790:
4700:
4506:, translated by Charles Kraszewski, (Lehman, PA: Libella Veritatis, 1999)
4397:
4393:
4384:
4374:
4364:
3267:
3205:
3044:
2855:
2600:
2595:
2505:
2495:
2485:
2385:
2225:
2220:
2190:
2125:
2105:
1741:
1645:
1185:
912:
908:
822:. He then followed in his father's footsteps and entered public service.
687:
504:
375:
322:
318:
209:
9083:
Darkness Descends: A.D. 350 to 565, the Fall of the Western Roman Empire
1213:
1184:, determining that only Christians who did not support Arian views were
903:(died 336) was a Christian priest who around the year 300 asserted that
13384:
13265:
12460:
12110:
12043:
12036:
11803:
11477:
11362:
11337:
11187:
11024:
10305:
9698:
9325:
9278:
9119:
Gilliard, Frank D. (1984). "Senatorial Bishops in the Fourth Century".
9021:; Elm, Susanna; Maas, Michael; Rapp, Claudia; Salzman, Michael (eds.).
9018:
9009:
8751:
7998:
7931:
7910:
7542:, ed. by Deferrari, Fathers of the Church: A New Translation, vol. 44.
5045:
5014:"Patrologiae cursus completus, Series Latina. Supplementum, Volumen IV"
4704:
4148:
The history of the editions of the works of St. Ambrose is a long one.
2961:
2945:
2845:
Other scholars interpret Ambrose's soteriology to be in agreement with
2825:
2732:
2728:
2050:
1763:
1671:
1504:
1360:
1341:
1282:
957:
952:
In this state of religious ferment, two leaders of the Arians, bishops
889:
811:
708:
494:
205:
140:
9473:
Faith, Hope and Love, as portrayed by Mary Lizzie Macomber (1861β1916)
8503:
8142:
7805:
7286:
1094:
The Arians demanded that Valentinian allocate to them two churches in
13412:
12017:
11783:
11690:
11382:
11044:
10896:
10139:
10004:
9881:
9583:
8172:
8121:
Gavrilov, AK (1997). "Techniques of Reading in Classical Antiquity".
5013:
4708:
2969:
2949:
2902:
2878:
2874:
2805:
2717:
1782:
1686:
1479:
1475:
1247:
874:
595:
428:
294:
9268:
Ambrose in Anglo-Saxon England, with Pseudo-Ambrose and Ambrosiaster
8332:
Kempf, Friedrich (1980). Dolan, John Patrick; Jedin, Hubert (eds.).
7902:
7006:
6048:
5029:
981:
Ambrose had good relations and varying levels of influence with the
918:
Arianism appealed to many high-level leaders and clergy in both the
13233:
13187:
13124:
12948:
12932:
12856:
12010:
11936:
11768:
11605:
11585:
10643:
10593:
10395:
10124:
9934:
9635:
9613:
9603:
9593:
9553:
9386:
9219:
9215:
7728:
The Rise of Western Christendom, Triumph and Diversity, AD 200-1000
7622:
4712:
3262:
3215:
3198:
2929:
2898:
2894:
2736:
2724:
2713:
2628:
1995:
1965:
1871:
1861:
1839:
1768:
1580:
1522:
1509:
1310:
1189:
1099:
1053:
965:
819:
744:
587:
537:
497:
486:
482:
368:
8419:
7834:
The Cambridge Ancient History: The Late Empire, A.D. 337β425. XIII
7709:
Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire
6009:
13270:
13109:
12343:
12124:
11660:
11635:
11580:
11097:
11062:
10503:
10157:
10012:
9406:
8156:. Library of Christian classics. Vol. 5. Westminster Press.
7323:
7321:
7319:
7317:
7315:
7313:
4788:
4547:
4528:
Commentary of Saint Ambrose on the Gospel according to Saint Luke
4292:
4149:
4142:
3173:(Cod. Sang. 97 p. 51). The work is probably Ambrose's best known.
3103:
2320:
1975:
1898:
1893:
1772:
1203:
writes that the Edict of Thessalonica was neither anti-pagan nor
1033:
1006:
985:
927:
784:
765:
545:
326:
8926:
Tierney, Brian; Painter, Sidney (1978). "The Christian Church".
8816:. Vol. II: Texts and Documents, 1986β2007. Ignatius Press.
7407:"Ambrosian chant | Origins, History & Notation | Britannica"
2723:
Ambrose's intense episcopal consciousness furthered the growing
13292:
12872:
12361:
11665:
11600:
11590:
11575:
11550:
10603:
10230:
9444:
6970:
Ambrose (1907), "Exposition of the Christian Faith, Book III",
6668:
6060:
4512:, translated by Γde M. NΓ Riain, (Dublin: Halcyon Press, 2000)
3086:
3031:
2957:
2851:
2846:
2796:
appointed times, between the first and the second resurrection.
2784:
2744:
2740:
2690:
2080:
2040:
2000:
1278:
1170:
1084:
678:
608:
Christianization of the Roman Empire as diffusion of innovation
73:
9231:
Christian Classics Ethereal Library, Works of Ambrose of Milan
9161:. Translated by John A. Lacy. New York: Fathers of the Church.
9033:
The Spirit of Early Christian Thought: Seeking the Face of God
7424:
7310:
7090:
5973:
5394:
4141:, a 1527 edition of Ambrose's writings compiled and edited by
11655:
11650:
11625:
11595:
11570:
11087:
11072:
11067:
10177:
9865:
9685:
9665:
9645:
9429:
8376:(illustrated, reprint ed.). Liverpool University Press.
8371:
6600:
6489:
6223:
6096:
5910:
5856:
5844:
5808:
5685:
5673:
5604:
5602:
5593:
5581:
5143:
5141:
4829:
4589:
3239:
3223:
3099:
2953:
1142:
1138:
1118:
In 386, Justina and Valentinian II received the Arian bishop
1095:
1088:
900:
878:
756:
A legend about Ambrose as an infant recounts that a swarm of
712:
571:
47:
9150:
The Emperor Theodosius and the Establishment of Christianity
9105:. Vol. 26, 42, 44, 65. New York: Fathers of the Church.
7255:
7134:""St. Ambrose", Catholic Communications, Sydney Archdiocese"
6756:
6072:
5754:
4785:"Saint Ambrose, in the Sacello di San Vittore in Ciel d'Oro"
4500:, translated by Γde NΓ Riain, (Dublin: Halcyon Press, 1998)
3110:
in 1893, however, scholars have dismissed this attribution.
12940:
11114:
11092:
11052:
10270:
9675:
9625:
9186:. Translated by Hoffman, Manfred. New York: Harper and Row.
8810:
Sharkey, Michael; Weinandy, Thomas, eds. (1 January 2009).
7958:
CvetkoviΔ, Carmen Angela; Gemeinhardt, Peter, eds. (2019).
7624:
Provincial Cilicia and the Archaeology of Temple Conversion
7151:
6844:
6680:
6247:
6235:
6026:
6024:
5744:
5742:
5449:
5437:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4736:
from the imperial court was relatively non-confrontational.
3142:
2110:
1134:
1076:
720:
8887:
Ambrose of Milan and Community Formation in Late Antiquity
7692:(illustrated reprint ed.). Harvard University Press.
7477:
7333:
7298:
7114:
6856:
6540:
6501:
5814:
5599:
5553:
5551:
5324:
5322:
5138:
5112:
5110:
5095:
4981:
4877:
3913:
An Explanation of the Creed for Those about to be Baptised
3181:(377β378). Most have approximate dates, and works such as
8562:
Ambrose of Milan: Church and Court in a Christian Capital
7066:
7042:
6868:
6530:
6528:
6479:
6477:
6475:
6438:
6436:
5961:
5937:
5898:
5703:
5691:
5512:
5500:
4928:
4889:
4530:, translated by Γde M. NΓ Riain, (Dublin: Halcyon, 2001)
4220:(in Latin). Vol. 11, 32, 62, 64, 73, 78β79. Vienna:
3231:
2812:
The Jews feared to believe in manhood taken up into God,
1313:
marched into Italy to consolidate their position against
1041:
for a statement of his faith β in two volumes β known as
815:
757:
7506:
7504:
7489:
7467:
7465:
7377:
7375:
7054:
7030:
6820:
6744:
6723:
6711:
6513:
6423:
6421:
6283:
6213:
6211:
6036:
6021:
5985:
5927:
5925:
5886:
5874:
5739:
5633:
5631:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5617:
5297:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5289:
5073:
5071:
5069:
5067:
4952:
4381:
De spiritu sancto, De incarnationis dominicae sacramento
8772:
Salzman, Michele; SΓ‘ghy, Marianne; Testa, Rita (2016).
7197:
Ambrose of Milan, Expositio in Lucam 2, 17; PL 15, 1640
6832:
6588:
6408:
6406:
6259:
6145:
5997:
5643:
5548:
5524:
5466:
5464:
5427:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5406:
5382:
5319:
5250:
5226:
5153:
5107:
4993:
4969:
4918:
4916:
4901:
4347:
1913, Vol. 62; editio altera supplementis aucta β cur.
3141:, Church of the Benedictines at Couvrechef β La Folie (
8008:
Enchantment and Creed in the Hymns of Ambrose of Milan
7387:
7244:
7242:
6656:
6576:
6564:
6552:
6525:
6472:
6448:
6433:
6307:
6108:
6084:
5052:
3000:
is an anecdote which bears on the history of reading:
2816:, because they reject that on which salvation depends.
1336:
Soon after acquiring the undisputed possession of the
30:"St. Ambrose" redirects here. For the university, see
9363:
9023:
Violence in Late Antiquity: Perceptions and Practices
7784:
Burnyeat, MF (1997). "Postscript on silent reading".
7501:
7462:
7372:
7102:
7078:
6418:
6379:
6355:
6208:
5922:
5862:
5766:
5727:
5715:
5614:
5563:
5346:
5307:
5286:
5238:
5064:
4940:
1433:. Spanish, Palencia. Wood with traces of polychromy.
1219:
Saint Ambrose barring Theodosius from Milan Cathedral
764:
of his future eloquence and honeyed tongue. Bees and
11994:
8983:
Trout, D. (2000). "Paulinus of Nola (Book Review)".
7345:
6403:
6391:
6367:
6331:
6295:
6271:
5949:
5826:
5488:
5476:
5461:
5418:
5370:
5083:
5012:
van der Nat, P. G.; Hamman, Adalberto (March 1971).
4913:
4557:
3246:
is usually attributed to Ambrose, while the related
3214:(395) are among his most noted works. In matters of
2820:
This could be interpreted as something which is not
13596:
Conference of the Latin Bishops of the Arab Regions
8599:
Ambrose: Church and Society in the Late Roman World
8268:(illustrated ed.). Routledge. pp. intro.
8093:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
7239:
6928:. Boston and Chicago: Universalist Publishing House
6343:
6319:
5536:
5358:
4865:
4841:
4817:
4807:
4805:
4252:Based on the Maurist edition published in Paris by
4203:Based on the Maurist edition published in Paris by
560:(354β430), whom he helped convert to Christianity.
309:Bakers of honeybread, bees, bishops, candlemakers,
9291:Augustine's account of the penitence of Theodosius
8947:Hellenic religion and Christianization, c. 370-529
8515:
7643:
6460:
5778:
5655:
5262:
4008:On the Sacrament of Regeneration, or On Philosophy
779:, which would make Ambrose a cousin of the orator
566:identified Ambrose as one of its four traditional
9834:
8771:
8715:. The Early Church Fathers. New York: Routledge.
8430:. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
7578:
7561:Attwater, Donald; John, Catherine Rachel (1993),
7012:
6741:Ambrose Epistles 17-18; Symmachus Relationes 1-3.
6674:
5400:
5274:
5192:. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
5011:
4853:
4428:, translated by T Thompson, (London: SPCK, 1919)
3726:
1560:. The pagan party was led by the refined senator
783:. The family had produced one martyr (the virgin
13637:
9287:from the Caxton translation of the Golden Legend
9181:
8859:The Filioque: History of a Doctrinal Controversy
8580:Ambrose of Milan: Political Letters and Speeches
8374:Ambrose of Milan: Political Letters and Speeches
6803:Rome and the Greek East to the Death of Augustus
4802:
4534:Ambrose of Milan: political letters and speeches
4139:Divi Ambrosii Episcopi Mediolanensis Omnia Opera
4004:De sacramento regenerationis sive de philosophia
1037:to Ambrose and asking him to explain his faith.
937:) supported orthodoxy, his younger half brother
857:, an Arian, died, and the Arians challenged the
8833:"The Altar of Victory β Paganism's Last Battle"
8809:
8459:Christianizing the Roman Empire: (A.D. 100-400)
8090:Roman Imperial Policy from Julian to Theodosius
7163:Ambrose of Milan, De Mysteriis, 59, pp. 16, 410
4835:
4107:Against Auxentius on Handing over the Basilicas
2814:and therefore have lost the grace of redemption
1106:Subsequently, while Ambrose was performing the
536:. Tradition credits Ambrose with developing an
477:, was a theologian and statesman who served as
9100:
8930:(3rd ed.). New York, NY: Alfred A Knopf.
8925:
7832:Cameron, Averil; Garnsey, Peter, eds. (1998).
6901:
6886:
1535:Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire
12888:
11980:
9820:
9349:
8577:
6253:
6241:
6229:
5147:
4486:Saint Ambrose: theological and dogmatic works
2666:
473: – 4 April 397), venerated as
8776:. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
8438:Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years
8263:
7855:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
7813:Butler, Alban (1991). Walsh, Michael (ed.).
7560:
6194:. Church Publishing, Inc. 17 December 2019.
5916:
4963:
4510:Commentary of Saint Ambrose on twelve psalms
4271:. Vol. 22, 42, 44, 65. Washington DC.:
4217:Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum
3706:A Commentary on the Gospel according to Luke
3081:" (also known as "Intende qui regis Israel")
1344:. Ambrose's body may still be viewed in the
8928:Western Europe in the Middle Ages, 300β1475
6996:"Exposition of the Christian Faith, Book V"
6621:"The Religious History of the Roman Empire"
6612:
5857:Liebeschuetz, Hill & Mediolanensis 2005
5845:Liebeschuetz, Hill & Mediolanensis 2005
5809:Liebeschuetz, Hill & Mediolanensis 2005
5686:Liebeschuetz, Hill & Mediolanensis 2005
5674:Liebeschuetz, Hill & Mediolanensis 2005
5594:Liebeschuetz, Hill & Mediolanensis 2005
5582:Liebeschuetz, Hill & Mediolanensis 2005
2972:came to hear speak. Augustine wrote in his
1556:and to again provide support for the seven
1367:on 7 December, and is also honoured in the
964:composed of thirty-two bishops was held at
666:, and also an ascetic who served the poor.
12895:
12881:
11987:
11973:
9827:
9813:
9356:
9342:
9050:
9025:. University of California, Santa Barbara.
8966:Paulinus of Nola: Life, Letters, and Poems
8919:St. Ambrose: His Life, Times, and Teaching
8903:
8855:
8434:
8149:
8107:
7917:
7339:
7261:
7096:
6915:
6913:
6777:The nature of the gods; and, On divination
6507:
5232:
4934:
4246:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3888:On the Sacrament of the Lord's Incarnation
2673:
2659:
1528:
1176:On 28 February 380, Theodosius issued the
1052:It seems that by 382 Ambrose had replaced
66:
9169:. Patron Saints Index. SPQN. January 2009
8998:Historia: Zeitschrift fΓΌr Alte Geschichte
8761:Historia: Zeitschrift fΓΌr Alte Geschichte
8732:Historia: Zeitschrift fΓΌr Alte Geschichte
8648:
8615:
8455:
8390:
8217:
8086:
8055:
8020:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198788225.001.0001
7957:
7565:(3rd ed.), New York: Penguin Books,
6850:
6826:
6805:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6762:
6750:
6717:
6606:
6495:
6078:
6066:
6042:
5991:
5880:
5760:
5748:
5649:
5608:
5557:
5388:
5328:
5256:
5159:
5116:
5101:
4999:
4987:
4907:
4625:, early English translator of St. Ambrose
657:Legends about Ambrose had spread through
13701:Burials at the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
9156:
9118:
9016:
8944:
8916:
8830:
8596:
8510:
8476:
8417:
8120:
7976:
7783:
7579:Augustine; Lombardo, Gregory J. (1988).
7430:
7327:
7304:
7292:
7060:
7036:
6729:
6702:
6698:
6625:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion
6289:
6003:
5967:
5202:
5058:
4922:
4847:
4133:
3154:
3085:Each of these hymns has eight four-line
3021:
1465:
1418:
1386:
1292:
1288:
1212:
673:
601:
552:", is secure; they form the core of the
12568:Guglielmo II della Pusterla (1361β1370)
9249:: text, concordances and frequency list
9079:
8795:. TrnavskΓ‘ univerzity. pp. 67β80.
8758:
8729:
8669:
8619:The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
8536:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.00751
8226:
8036:
7888:
7869:
7850:
7664:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.13648
7641:
7366:
6969:
6910:
6874:
6838:
6686:
6594:
6582:
6570:
6558:
6546:
6534:
6483:
6454:
6442:
6151:
6102:
6090:
6054:
6030:
5979:
5943:
5820:
5772:
4103:Contra Auxentium de basilicis tradendis
3238:, and in the place which he assigns to
2779:Some scholars argue that Ambrose was a
715:) the capital of the Roman province of
14:
13638:
9109:
9029:
8995:
8710:
8688:
8559:
8282:
8191:
8170:
8005:
7962:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
7938:
7812:
7597:
7510:
7495:
7483:
7471:
7393:
7381:
7351:
7273:
6919:
6862:
6774:
6633:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.114
6519:
6373:
6337:
6313:
6301:
6277:
6265:
6114:
6015:
5931:
5904:
5892:
5868:
5832:
5733:
5721:
5709:
5697:
5637:
5569:
5530:
5518:
5506:
5494:
5482:
5470:
5455:
5443:
5431:
5412:
5376:
5364:
5352:
5340:
5313:
5301:
5244:
5089:
5077:
4975:
4946:
4895:
4883:
4871:
4823:
4760:
4756:
4667:
4498:Homilies of Saint Ambrose on Psalm 118
4480:Hexameron, Paradise, and Cain and Abel
4331: β ed. C. Schenkl 1897, Vol. 32/2
4222:Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna
3647:Explanations of Twelve Psalms of David
926:empires. Although the western Emperor
12876:
12589:Francesco III Piccolpasso (1433β1443)
11968:
9808:
9337:
8982:
8963:
8949:. Boston: Brill Academic Publishers.
8876:
8331:
8310:
8150:Greenslade, Stanley Lawrence (1956).
7765:
7744:
7725:
7706:
7687:
7604:Episcopal Elections in Late Antiquity
7228:, Christian Classics Ethereal library
7120:
7108:
7084:
7072:
7048:
7024:
6800:
6618:
6427:
6412:
6397:
6385:
6361:
6349:
6325:
6217:
5955:
5799:, pp. 72β74, fn. 32, 33, 34, 77.
5542:
4859:
4811:
4654:
3884:De incarnationis dominicae sacramento
3643:Enarrationes in xii psalmos davidicos
2861:
1222:a "pious fiction" painted in 1619 by
976:
12646:Giovan Angelo Arcimboldi (1550β1555)
9147:
9101:Deferrari, Roy J., ed. (1954β1972).
8813:International Theological Commission
8790:
8632:10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001
8354:From Rome to Byzantium AD 363 to 565
8301:
8285:The Formation of Western Christendom
8222:. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.
5796:
5784:
5280:
5268:
4273:Catholic University of America Press
4185:
4182:(Milan, 1878) in six folio volumes.
3830:
1309:of the West) and his puppet Emperor
1180:, a decree addressed to the city of
590:denominations, and venerated as the
12509:Filippo I da Lampugnano (1196β1206)
12500:(1185β1187, elected Pope Urban III)
8652:Anti-Judaism: The Western Tradition
8350:
8266:Theodosius and the Limits of Empire
8230:Theodosius and the Limits of Empire
7831:
7620:
6779:. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books.
6662:
6466:
5661:
4201:(in Latin). Vol. 14β17. Paris.
3708:]. Vol. 10 books. 377β389.
1075:In 383 Gratian was assassinated at
27:Christian theologian (c. 339 β 397)
24:
12954:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
12529:Guglielmo I da Rizolio (1230β1241)
12512:Umberto IV da Pirovano (1206β1211)
12506:Umberto III da Terzago (1195β1196)
10727:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
9845:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
9468:
9152:. Philadelphia: Westminster Press.
9073:
8336:. Vol. 3. Burns & Oates.
8334:The Church in the Age of Feudalism
7600:"The Election of Ambrose of Milan"
7534:Roy J. Deferrari, introduction to
7444:"Ambrose, De officiis ministrorum"
7221:
6949:The Church Fathers on Universalism
4335:Expositio evangelii secundum Lucam
3844:]. Vol. 5 books. 378β380.
3702:Expositio evangelii secundum Lucam
3689:A Commentary on the Prophet Isaiah
3603:]. Vol. 4 books. 383β394.
3277:]. Vol. 6 books. 386β390.
3187:Expositio evangelii secundum Lucam
1412:they did not become actual monks.
848:
321:makers, learning, schoolchildren,
72:Detail from possibly contemporary
25:
13777:
13671:4th-century Christian theologians
12848:$ =considered an intruder by the
12809:(1954β1963, elected Pope Paul VI)
12789:(1921β1922, elected Pope Pius XI)
12595:Giovanni III Visconti (1450β1453)
12484:Umberto I da Pirovano (1146β1166)
9191:
9184:Men Who Shaped the Western Church
9112:The Life and Times of St. Ambrose
8889:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
8693:Saint Ambrose: His Life and Times
5186:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
5182:Loughlin, James Francis (1907). "
3098:also known simply as "antiphonal
2769:When in Rome, do as the Romans do
1063:
13620:
13619:
12902:
12855:
12553:Aicardo da Intimiano (1317β1339)
12544:Francesco I da Parma (1296β1308)
11996:Bishops and Archbishops of Milan
11947:
11935:
11814:MarΓa de las Maravillas de JesΓΊs
11671:Seven Maccabees and their mother
10857:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
9223:
8424:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
7874:. USA: Oxford University Press.
7563:The Penguin Dictionary of Saints
7528:
7516:
7436:
7399:
7369:, "1. History of the repertory".
7267:
7215:
7200:
7191:
7166:
7157:
7144:
7126:
6988:
6963:
6940:
6895:
6880:
6794:
6768:
6735:
6182:
6157:
6120:
5171:
4749:
4739:
4729:
4560:
4337:β ed. C. Schenkl 1902, Vol. 32/4
4287:
4214:
4091:
4066:
4041:
4013:
3979:
3942:
3921:
3909:Explanatio symboli ad initiandos
3897:
3872:
3851:
3719:
3715:
3694:
3677:
3656:
3635:
3610:
3589:
3568:
3551:
3526:
3501:
3476:
3451:
3426:
3401:
3380:
3359:
3334:
3309:
3284:
3115:
2932:as superior to marriage and saw
2924:the promised fruit of salvation.
2639:
2627:
1635:
1627:
1619:
1594:
827:Sextus Claudius Petronius Probus
638:
633:Engraving of a statue of Ambrose
626:
614:
13569:Latin Church in the Middle East
12583:Francesco II Crippa (1409β1414)
12574:Antonio de' Saluzzi (1380β1401)
12541:Ruffino da Frisseto (1295β1296)
12494:Algisio da Pirovano (1176β1185)
9182:von Campenhausen, Hans (1964).
9159:Life of St. Ambrose by Paulinus
8616:Nicholson, Oliver, ed. (2018).
7766:Brown, Peter (1 January 2021).
7583:. New York, NY: Paulist Press.
6775:Cicero, Marcus Tullius (1997).
6675:Salzman, SΓ‘ghy & Testa 2016
5401:Salzman, SΓ‘ghy & Testa 2016
5334:
5196:
5165:
5122:
5005:
4719:
4692:
4675:
4474:Saint Ambrose on the sacraments
3597:De interpellatione Iob et David
3373:]. Vol. 2 books. 380s.
2704:. Theologians compare him with
1264:
932:
313:, domestic animals, the French
13676:4th-century Gallo-Roman people
12787:Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti
8877:Smith, J. Warren (2021). "12:
8856:Siecienski, A. Edward (2010).
8672:Byzantium: The Early Centuries
8582:. Liverpool University Press.
8357:. Edinburgh University Press.
8287:. Princeton University Press.
8087:Errington, R. Malcolm (2006).
7751:. Princeton University Press.
7553:
7540:Theological and Dogmatic Works
7274:Fenton, James (28 July 2006).
6976:, New York: Robert Appleton Co
4777:
4641:
4600:St. Ambrose Cathedral, Linares
4265:Catholic University of America
4263:
4191:
4112:
4095:
4087:
4070:
4062:
4045:
4037:
3996:
3975:
3946:
3938:
3935:]. Vol. 6 books. 390.
3917:
3901:
3893:
3876:
3868:
3847:
3823:
3806:
3789:
3772:
3743:
3727:Moral and ascetical commentary
3711:
3673:
3652:
3631:
3626:A Defense of the Prophet David
3614:
3606:
3585:
3547:
3530:
3522:
3505:
3497:
3480:
3472:
3455:
3447:
3430:
3422:
3405:
3397:
3376:
3355:
3338:
3330:
3313:
3305:
3288:
3280:
3090:hymns, while the musicologist
2944:Ambrose studied theology with
2774:
2731:ministry, while the prevalent
855:the bishop of Milan, Auxentius
845:, with headquarters in Milan.
803:sometime between 352 and 355;
719:in what was then northeastern
13:
1:
12592:Enrico II Rampini (1443β1450)
12586:Bartolommeo Capra (1414β1433)
12503:Milone da Cardano (1187β1195)
11779:Faustina and Liberata of Como
10967:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia
10912:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross
9836:Saints of the Catholic Church
9257:The Online Library of Liberty
9086:. Christian History Project.
9030:Wilken, Robert Louis (2003).
8670:Norwich, John Julius (1989).
8435:MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2010).
8393:The Era of the Church Fathers
8171:Grieve, Alexander J. (1911).
7941:The Late Empire, A.D. 337β425
7778:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
7013:Augustine & Lombardo 1988
4629:
4404:(Vol. 82/2: lib. 7β9, 1982);
4396:(Vol. 82/1: lib. 1β6, 1968);
4371:De fide ad Gratianum Augustum
4228:
3163:
1427:
1154:
1010:
669:
467:
172:
77:
13681:4th-century writers in Latin
13666:4th-century Christian saints
12721:Benedetto II Erba Odescalchi
12610:Carlo I da ForlΓ¬ (1457β1461)
12571:Simon da Borsano (1370β1380)
12358:Andrea of Canciano (899β906)
8968:. University of California.
8553:UK public library membership
8037:Elliott, Paul M. C. (2019).
7815:Butler's lives of the saints
7681:UK public library membership
7645:"Hymn: II. Monophonic Latin"
7295:, p. 56β73, esp. 70β71.
6922:"18. Additional Authorities"
6191:Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018
6057:, p. 74 (and note 177).
6018:, pp. 291β292, 330β333.
4770:
4546:series (currently edited by
4418:H. Wace and P. Schaff, eds,
4391:Epistulae et acta β ed.
4355:Explanatio super psalmos XII
2939:
2901:. Central to Ambrose is the
2884:
1378:
864:Ambrose, though known to be
645:Fresco of Ambrose baptizing
513:figures of the 4th century.
325:, students, wax melters and
7:
13661:4th-century Italian bishops
12631:Ottaviano Arcimboldi (1497)
12472:Ulrich da Corte (1120β1126)
12431:Gotofredo II da Castiglione
9222:(public domain audiobooks)
8945:Trombley, Frank R. (2001).
8917:Thornton, Robinson (1879).
8264:Hebblewhite, Mark (2020a).
7817:. New York: HarperCollins.
7711:. Univ of Wisconsin Press.
6701:, pp. 166β168, Vol I;
4836:Sharkey & Weinandy 2009
4553:
4129:
4057:On the Death of Valentinian
4032:On the Death of his Brother
3991:An Explanation of the Faith
3801:An Instruction for a Virgin
3664:Expositio in Psalmum cxviii
3601:The Prayer of Job and David
3467:On Iacob and the Happy Life
3254:
3171:Abbey library of Saint Gall
3169:manuscript now kept in the
3150:
2936:as the model of virginity.
2735:of the day, continuing the
1586:
1327:Saints Vitalis and Agricola
895:
791:, the subject of Ambrose's
516:Ambrose was serving as the
10:
13782:
12598:NicolΓ² Amidano (1453β1454)
12532:Leon da Perego (1241β1257)
11942:Catholic Church portal
10902:Saints of the Cristero War
9121:Harvard Theological Review
9114:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
8711:Ramsey, Boniface (2002) .
8456:MacMullen, Ramsay (1984).
8227:Hebblewhite, Mark (2020).
8218:Hagendahl, Harald (1967).
8197:The Encyclopedia of Saints
8072:10.1524/klio.1997.79.2.398
7225:Letter of Basil to Ambrose
6705:, pp. 335β336, Vol II
4614:Ambrose University College
4581:Ambrosian Liturgy and Rite
4412:
4341:Expositio de psalmo CXVIII
4291:. Vol. 14. Turnhout:
4082:On the Death of Theodosius
4020:
3738:On the Duties of Ministers
3685:Expositio Esaiae prophetae
3036:
1682:Principle of Double Effect
1562:Quintus Aurelius Symmachus
1532:
1435:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1424:Saint Ambrose in His Study
1350:Saints Gervase and Protase
1165:While Ambrose was writing
1158:
999:
781:Quintus Aurelius Symmachus
729:praetorian prefect of Gaul
621:Painting by Michael Pacher
605:
266:Oriental Orthodox Churches
29:
13609:
13591:Eastern Catholic Churches
13556:
13470:
13423:
13362:
13349:
13324:
13256:
13178:
13063:
13000:
12925:
12910:
12846:
12807:Giovanni Battista Montini
12774:Luigi Nazari di Calabiana
12745:Giovanni Battista Caprara
12664:
12256:
12224:
12002:
11930:
11867:
11699:
11541:
11113:
11043:
10975:
10937:Three Martyrs of Chimbote
10707:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala
10672:
10437:
10404:
10206:
10148:
10035:
10003:
9920:
9882:Mother of God (Theotokos)
9872:
9842:
9789:
9741:
9540:
9480:
9466:
9375:
9322:
9313:
9305:
9298:
9207:Works by or about Ambrose
9133:10.1017/s0017816000014279
9110:Dudden, F. Homes (1935).
9103:The Fathers of the Church
9036:. Yale University Press.
8964:Trout, Dennis E. (1999).
8649:Nirenberg, David (2013).
8462:. Yale University Press.
8317:. London: A&C Black.
8314:Early Christian Doctrines
8006:Dunkle, Brian P. (2016).
7621:Bayliss, Richard (2004).
6973:The Catholic Encyclopedia
6801:Sherk, Robert K. (1984).
4656:[ΛsantamΛbrΙΛdΚo]
4119:
3668:A Commentary on Psalm 118
3106:". Since the hymnologist
1323:translation of the relics
793:De excessu fratris Satyri
698:Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
544:, and for composing the "
449:
445:
434:
420:
410:
400:
393:
353:
345:
340:Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
335:
289:
279:
261:Eastern Orthodox Churches
248:
240:
235:
227:
222:Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
216:
195:
164:
159:
151:
146:
136:
126:
118:
110:
102:
91:
85:Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
65:
58:
45:
13686:4th-century philosophers
12762:Bartolomeo Carlo Romilli
12733:Giuseppe II Pozzobonelli
12626:Guido Antonio Arcimboldi
11083:Joseph (father of Jesus)
10469:Athanasius of Alexandria
10251:Athanasius of Alexandria
10135:Theophanes the Confessor
10115:Paul I of Constantinople
10110:Paphnutius the Confessor
10055:Athanasius the Confessor
8560:McLynn, Neil B. (1994),
8418:Loughlin, James (1907).
8391:Lietzmann, Hans (1951).
8311:Kelly, J. N. D. (2000).
7851:Cameron, Averil (1991).
7730:. Blackwell Publishing.
7627:. Oxford: Archaeopress.
7252:Book Six, Chapter Three.
5203:McSherry, James (2011).
4964:Attwater & John 1993
4634:
4605:Saint Ambrose University
4308:
3797:De institutione virginis
3622:Apologia prophetae David
3442:On Flight from the World
3275:The Six Days of Creation
3139:Creation of the universe
3074:"Iam surgit hora tertia"
3068:"Aeterne rerum conditor"
3017:
2991:In this same passage of
2905:of Mary and her role as
1456:Sermon Against Auxentius
1346:church of Saint Ambrogio
1333:in early September 394.
1235:Massacre of Thessalonica
1228:National Gallery, London
1161:Massacre of Thessalonica
704:Ambrose was born into a
83:β500) of Ambrose in the
36:Ambrose (disambiguation)
13751:Letter writers in Latin
13691:4th-century Roman poets
13339:Liturgical use of Latin
12965:Pierbattista Pizzaballa
12433:(1070β1075, antibishop)
12231:St Honoratus (560β571?)
11015:Gregory the Illuminator
10985:Augustine of Canterbury
10534:Dionysius of Alexandria
10449:Alexander of Alexandria
8849:10.3406/antiq.1966.1466
8831:Sheridan, J.J. (1966).
8689:Paredi, Angelo (1964),
8624:Oxford University Press
8597:Moorhead, John (2014).
8528:Oxford University Press
8283:Herrin, Judith (1987).
8184:Encyclopædia Britannica
8012:Oxford University Press
7991:10.1163/157007295X00086
7872:The Last Pagans of Rome
7773:Encyclopædia Britannica
7656:Oxford University Press
7642:Boynton, Susan (2001).
5982:, pp. 60, 63, 131.
4759:, pp. 436β440 and
4664:
4258:Denis-Nicolas Le Nourry
4209:Denis-Nicolas Le Nourry
4084:]. 25 February 395.
3814:Exhortatio virginitatis
3734:De officiis ministrorum
3218:he is, like Hilary, an
3195:De officiis ministrorum
3191:De officiis ministrorum
3160:De officiis ministrorum
2749:De officiis ministrorum
1798:Theological determinism
1529:Attitude towards pagans
1359:in the calendar of the
1098:: one in the city (the
801:profession of virginity
580:Eastern Orthodox Church
491:De officiis ministrorum
363:De officiis ministrorum
13601:Western Rite Orthodoxy
13241:Santiago de Compostela
13170:1983 Code of Canon Law
13145:Protestant Reformation
13088:Historical development
12862:Catholicism portal
12768:Paolo Angelo Ballerini
12756:Carlo Gaetano Gaisruck
12739:Filippo Maria Visconti
12476:Anselmo della Pusterla
12297:Theodorus II (732β746)
10454:Alexander of Jerusalem
10060:Chariton the Confessor
10022:in the Catholic Church
9474:
9300:Catholic Church titles
9243:Extensive bibliography
9236:Hymni Ambrosii (Latin)
8174:"Ambrose, Saint"
7870:Cameron, Alan (2011).
7598:Barnes, T. D. (2011).
6069:, pp. 1482, 1484.
4669:[ΛsΓ£ΛtΓ£ΛbrΓΈΛs]
4651:
4586:Saint Ambrose Basilica
4492:Seven exegetical works
4180:Paolo Angelo Ballerini
4145:
3818:In Praise of Virginity
3463:De Iacob et vita beata
3174:
3079:Veni redemptor gentium
3034:
3026:Mosaic of Ambrose, in
3007:
2843:
2818:
2798:
2781:Christian universalist
2727:of the Church and its
2634:Catholicism portal
1986:Gregory (of Nazianzus)
1850:Christian Neoplatonism
1566:maiestas populi Romani
1438:
1392:
1331:Battle of the Frigidus
1298:
1230:
1152:
1079:, in Gaul (France) by
701:
694:Altar of Sant'Ambrogio
550:Veni redemptor gentium
463:
212:, Western Roman Empire
34:. For other uses, see
32:St. Ambrose University
13756:Opponents of Arianism
13731:Doctors of the Church
13721:Christian hymnwriters
13711:Catholic philosophers
13615:Doctors of the Church
13078:History of the papacy
12937:Patriarch of the West
12601:Timoteo Maffei (1454)
12455:Anselmo IV da Bovisio
12437:Tebald da Castiglione
12413:Ariberto da Intimiano
12401:Landulf II of Carcano
12335:Angilbert II Pusterla
12331:Angilbert I (822β823)
12325:St Anselm I (813β818)
12270:St Antonino (669β671)
12240:Constantius (593β600)
12237:Lawrence II (573β592)
12217:St Ausanus (556β559?)
11885:Fourteen Holy Helpers
11849:Trasilla and Emiliana
11000:Evermode of Ratzeburg
10882:Perpetua and Felicity
10852:Martyrs of Sandomierz
10722:Dismas the Good Thief
10649:Theophilus of Antioch
10619:Maximus the Confessor
10554:Epiphanius of Salamis
10494:Clement of Alexandria
10208:Doctors of the Church
10100:Maximus the Confessor
9887:Immaculate Conception
9472:
9279:Christian Iconography
9080:Byfield, Ted (2003).
9053:Christianitas Antiqua
8921:. Harvard University.
8837:L'AntiquitΓ© Classique
8427:Catholic Encyclopedia
8401:10.1515/9783112335383
8239:10.4324/9781315103334
8233:. London: Routledge.
7745:Brown, Peter (2012).
7726:Brown, Peter (2003).
7707:Brown, Peter (1992).
7688:Brown, Peter (1998).
7606:. Walter de Gruyter.
6904:Epistle to Casualanus
6169:The Church of England
5189:Catholic Encyclopedia
4886:, pp. ixβx, 1β2.
4576:Ambrosian hymnography
4269:Fathers of the Church
4163:Annales Ecclesiastici
4137:
4053:De obitu Valentiniani
3542:On Elijah and Fasting
3392:On Isaac and the Soul
3197:(377β391), while the
3158:
3071:"Deus creator omnium"
3039:Ambrosian Hymnography
3037:Further information:
3028:Westminster Cathedral
3025:
3002:
2838:
2832:is his commentary on
2810:
2793:
2702:Doctors of the Church
2646:Philosophy portal
1500:Second Temple Judaism
1478:at Callinicum on the
1466:Attitude towards Jews
1422:
1390:
1296:
1289:Later years and death
1216:
1178:Edict of Thessalonica
1147:
1120:Auxentius the younger
954:Palladius of Ratiaria
733:imperial constitution
677:
602:Background and career
570:. He is considered a
568:Doctors of the Church
411:Tradition or movement
13334:Ecclesiastical Latin
13105:Early African church
13073:Apostolic succession
12727:Carlo Gaetano Stampa
12703:Federico II Visconti
12557:Giovanni II Visconti
12407:Arnolfo II da Arsago
11789:Hiltrude of Liessies
11734:Catherine of Bologna
11729:Bernadette Soubirous
10922:17 Thomasian Martyrs
10732:Four Crowned Martyrs
10654:Victorinus of Pettau
10634:Papias of Hierapolis
10604:Jerome of Stridonium
10569:Gregory of Nazianzus
10539:Dionysius of Corinth
10361:Lawrence of Brindisi
10316:Bernard of Clairvaux
10291:Anselm of Canterbury
10246:Gregory of Nazianzus
10173:Priscilla and Aquila
10070:Edward the Confessor
9794:Christian philosophy
9541:Seven lively virtues
9148:King, N. Q. (1960).
8674:. Guild Publishing.
7979:Vigiliae Christianae
7920:Studies in Philology
7891:Vigiliae Christianae
7123:, pp. 214, 216.
6902:Augustine of Hippo,
6889:Epistle to Januarius
6887:Augustine of Hippo,
6619:North, John (2017).
5458:, p. 80,90;105.
5446:, p. 79β80, 87.
5018:Vigiliae Christianae
4746:became Christianity.
4289:Corpus Christianorum
3417:On the Good of Death
2802:general resurrection
1882:Second scholasticism
1108:Liturgy of the Hours
1029:Battle of Adrianople
768:often appear in the
725:Rhineland-Palatinate
564:Western Christianity
440:mother of the Church
284:Doctor of the Church
13746:Insects in religion
13716:Christian ethicists
13544:Pre-Tridentine Mass
13155:Counter-Reformation
12917:order of precedence
12819:Carlo Maria Martini
12709:Federico III Caccia
12685:Federico I Borromeo
12650:Filippo II Archinto
12620:Giovanni Arcimboldi
12578:Pietro II di Candia
12548:Cassone della Torre
12524:Enrico I da Settala
12498:Umberto II Crivelli
12481:Robaldo (1135β1145)
12368:Gariberto of Besana
12355:Landulf I (896β899)
12234:Frontone (571β573?)
11839:Teresa of the Andes
11719:Angela of the Cross
11681:Zechariah (prophet)
10827:Martyrs of La Rioja
10822:21 Martyrs of Libya
10712:Christina of Persia
10692:Charles de Foucauld
10629:Quadratus of Athens
10589:Ignatius of Antioch
10559:Fulgentius of Ruspe
10509:Cyril of Alexandria
10504:Cyprian of Carthage
10489:Cappadocian Fathers
10386:Hildegard of Bingen
10256:Cyril of Alexandria
10130:Sergius of Radonezh
9892:Perpetual virginity
9484:theological virtues
9316:Archbishop of Milan
8985:Theological Studies
8496:10.1093/ml/75.4.505
8483:Music & Letters
8421:"St. Ambrose"
8351:Lee, A. D. (2013).
8302:Kaye, John (1853).
8123:Classical Quarterly
7786:Classical Quarterly
7486:, pp. 436β440.
7450:. swissuniversities
7099:, pp. 177β187.
7075:, pp. 210β212.
7051:, pp. 205β210.
6920:Hanson, JW (1899).
6906:, XXXVI, section 32
6865:, pp. 344β346.
6689:, pp. 121β124.
6609:, pp. 601β630.
6498:, pp. 117β118.
6081:, pp. 248β249.
5907:, pp. 330β333.
5859:, pp. 262β263.
5763:, pp. 410β415.
5700:, pp. 235β244.
5596:, pp. 129β130.
5134:(in Italian), Italy
4898:, pp. 442β443.
4685:has the following:
4444:De Helia et ieiunio
4422:, 2nd ser., Vol. X
4232:, ed. (1875β1883).
4193:Migne, Jacques Paul
3538:De Helia et ieiunio
3183:De Helia et ieiunio
2747:. Thus we have the
1712:Liberation Theology
1613:Catholic philosophy
1514:Cappadocian Fathers
1496:Philo of Alexandria
1194:Karl Leo Noethlichs
956:and Secundianus of
493:(377β391), and the
13736:Gallo-Roman saints
13706:Catholic Mariology
13401:Extraordinary form
13311:Isidore of Seville
13299:Augustine of Hippo
13276:Hilary of Poitiers
12992:Francesco Moraglia
12974:Filipe Neri FerrΓ£o
12825:Dionigi Tettamanzi
12800:Ildefonso Schuster
12641:Ippolito II d'Este
12489:Galdino della Sala
12467:Giordano da Clivio
12443:Anselmo III da Rho
12379:Arderico (936β948)
12328:St Buono (818β822)
12322:Odelpert (803β813)
12246:Asterius (629β639)
12243:Deodatus (601β628)
11880:Four Holy Marshals
11875:Calendar of saints
11844:Teresa of Calcutta
11824:Patricia of Naples
11749:Catherine of Siena
11030:Patrick of Ireland
10952:Vietnamese Martyrs
10842:Martyrs of Otranto
10797:Martyrs of Cajonos
10792:Martyrs of Algeria
10787:Martyrs of Albania
10747:The Holy Innocents
10717:Devasahayam Pillai
10702:Carthusian Martyrs
10644:Polycarp of Smyrna
10599:Isidore of Seville
10584:Hippolytus of Rome
10579:Hilary of Poitiers
10514:Cyril of Jerusalem
10479:Caesarius of Arles
10474:Augustine of Hippo
10376:Thérèse of Lisieux
10371:Catherine of Siena
10321:Hilary of Poitiers
10296:Isidore of Seville
10271:Bede the Venerable
10261:Cyril of Jerusalem
10226:Augustine of Hippo
10140:Pio of Pietrelcina
10105:Michael of Synnada
9475:
9455:Augustine of Hippo
9241:EarlyChurch.org.uk
8523:Grove Music Online
8512:McKinnon, James W.
8478:McKinnon, James W.
8306:. F. J. Rivington.
8135:10.1093/cq/47.1.56
8110:Tenor of Our Times
7798:10.1093/cq/47.1.74
7651:Grove Music Online
7581:On Faith and Works
7448:e-codices.unifr.ch
7411:www.britannica.com
6765:, pp. 76, 77.
6665:, pp. 65, 68.
6254:Mediolanensis 2005
6242:Mediolanensis 2005
6230:Mediolanensis 2005
5946:, pp. 63, 64.
5895:, pp. 78β110.
5823:, p. 245-252.
5712:, p. 106-110.
5521:, p. 103-105.
5509:, p. 100-102.
5148:Mediolanensis 2005
4254:Jacques Du Frische
4236:(in Latin). Milan.
4205:Jacques Du Frische
4146:
4078:De obitu Theodosii
4028:De excessu fratris
3863:On the Holy Spirit
3212:De obitu Theodosii
3175:
3108:Guido Maria Dreves
3053:Hilary of Poitiers
3049:Guido Maria Dreves
3035:
2862:Giving to the poor
1991:Gregory (of Nyssa)
1719:Christian Humanism
1439:
1393:
1299:
1231:
977:Imperial relations
907:must have created
824:Praetorian Prefect
750:Codex Theodosianus
723:and is now in the
702:
584:Anglican Communion
558:Augustine of Hippo
464:Aurelius Ambrosius
384:De obitu Theodosii
271:Anglican Communion
181:Augusta Treverorum
169:Aurelius Ambrosius
13761:People from Trier
13633:
13632:
13552:
13551:
13466:
13465:
13320:
13319:
13059:
13058:
12870:
12869:
12715:Giuseppe Archinto
12385:Walpert (953β970)
12382:Adelman (948β953)
12373:Lambert (921β931)
12310:Stabile (748β750)
12307:Arifred (747β748)
12273:St Maurilio (671)
11962:
11961:
11954:Saints portal
11905:Miles Christianus
11890:Martyr of charity
11859:Josephine Bakhita
11854:Ubaldesca Taccini
11799:Kateri Tekakwitha
11774:Faustina Kowalska
11764:Eulalia of MΓ©rida
11744:Catherine LabourΓ©
11739:Brigid of Kildare
11566:Baruch ben Neriah
11010:François de Laval
10995:Damien of Molokai
10962:Victor and Corona
10957:Valentine of Rome
10847:Martyrs of Prague
10812:Martyrs of Gorkum
10772:Martyrs of LΓΌbeck
10659:Vincent of LΓ©rins
10639:Peter Chrysologus
10594:Irenaeus of Lyons
10564:Gregory the Great
10549:Ephrem the Syrian
10346:Robert Bellarmine
10341:John of the Cross
10326:Alphonsus Liguori
10301:Peter Chrysologus
10276:Ephrem the Syrian
10241:Basil of Caesarea
10216:Gregory the Great
10198:Seventy disciples
10090:Lazarus Zographos
10075:Francis of Assisi
9945:James of Alphaeus
9902:Marian apparition
9802:
9801:
9754:Great Commandment
9713:Evagrius Ponticus
9546:Seven deadly sins
9332:
9331:
9323:Succeeded by
9202:Project Gutenberg
9157:Paulinus (1952).
9093:978-0-9689873-3-9
9043:978-0-300-10598-8
8975:978-0-520-92232-7
8956:978-0-391-04121-9
8937:978-0-394-32180-6
8896:978-1-5275-6726-9
8869:978-0-19-537204-5
8823:978-1-58617-226-8
8802:978-80-568-0313-4
8783:978-1-107-11030-4
8722:978-1-134-81504-3
8704:978-0-268-00239-8
8662:978-1-78185-296-5
8641:978-0-19-174445-7
8608:978-1-317-89102-4
8589:978-0-85323-829-4
8571:978-0-520-08461-2
8551:(subscription or
8545:978-1-56159-263-0
8469:978-0-300-03642-8
8448:978-1-101-18999-3
8410:978-3-11-233538-3
8383:978-0-85323-829-4
8364:978-0-7486-6835-9
8343:978-0-86012-085-8
8324:978-0-8264-5252-8
8294:978-0-691-00831-8
8275:978-1-351-59476-9
8248:978-1-138-10298-9
8210:978-1-4381-3026-2
8163:978-0-664-22005-1
8048:978-1-4632-4087-5
8041:. Gorgias Press.
8029:978-0-19-878822-5
7969:978-3-11-055339-0
7950:978-0-521-30200-5
7881:978-0-19-974727-6
7862:978-0-520-08923-5
7843:978-0-521-30200-5
7824:978-0-06-069299-5
7758:978-0-691-15290-5
7737:978-1-118-30126-5
7699:978-0-674-51170-5
7679:(subscription or
7673:978-1-56159-263-0
7613:978-3-11-026860-7
7590:978-0-8091-0406-2
7572:978-0-14-051312-7
7498:, pp. 55β64.
7307:, pp. 74β76.
7264:, pp. 20β21.
7150:Ambrose of Milan
6877:, pp. 74β80.
6853:, pp. 77β78.
6812:978-0-511-55268-7
6786:978-1-57392-180-0
6642:978-0-19-934037-8
6549:, p. 23, 49.
6522:, pp. 308β9.
6201:978-1-64065-235-4
6033:, pp. 63β64.
5917:Hebblewhite 2020a
5611:, pp. 79β80.
4978:, pp. 45β46.
4543:Fontes Christiani
4321:1896, Vol. 32/1 (
4198:Patrologia Latina
4186:Standard editions
3933:On the Sacraments
3859:De Spiritu Sancto
3831:Dogmatic writings
3517:On the Patriarchs
3388:De Isaac et anima
3228:Basil of Caesarea
2966:Basil of Caesarea
2847:Jerome of Stridon
2789:Didymus the Blind
2695:Gregory the Great
2683:
2682:
2616:
2615:
2501:Garrigou-Lagrange
1810:Divine Attributes
1518:Didymus the Blind
1369:Church of England
1240:Wolf Liebeschuetz
1133:usurped power in
770:saint's symbology
453:
452:
203:(aged 56β57)
16:(Redirected from
13773:
13696:Bishops of Milan
13623:
13622:
13433:Benedictine Rite
13421:
13420:
13360:
13359:
13351:Liturgical rites
13176:
13175:
13150:Council of Trent
13135:Age of Discovery
13115:EastβWest Schism
12923:
12922:
12897:
12890:
12883:
12874:
12873:
12860:
12859:
12821:, SJ (1979β2002)
12813:Giovanni Colombo
12679:Gaspare Visconti
12563:Roberto Visconti
12517:Gerardo da Sesso
12376:Elduin (931β936)
12350:Anselmo II Capra
12340:Tadone (860β868)
12316:Thomas (755β783)
12214:Vitale (552β556)
11989:
11982:
11975:
11966:
11965:
11952:
11951:
11950:
11940:
11939:
11819:Narcisa de JesΓΊs
11804:Lucy of Syracuse
11709:Agatha of Sicily
11621:John the Baptist
10867:Maximilian Kolbe
10862:Martyrs of Zenta
10837:Martyrs of Natal
10817:Martyrs of Japan
10807:Martyrs of China
10802:Martyrs of Drina
10737:Gerard of CsanΓ‘d
10697:Canadian Martyrs
10682:Abda and Abdisho
10624:Melito of Sardis
10614:John of Damascus
10574:Gregory of Nyssa
10459:Ambrose of Milan
10391:Gregory of Narek
10356:Anthony of Padua
10331:Francis de Sales
10266:John of Damascus
9912:Joseph (husband)
9864: β
9860: β
9856: β
9829:
9822:
9815:
9806:
9805:
9749:Ten Commandments
9742:Related concepts
9530:1 Corinthians 13
9525:Paul the Apostle
9379:cardinal virtues
9369:Christian ethics
9358:
9351:
9344:
9335:
9334:
9306:Preceded by
9296:
9295:
9285:"Of St. Ambrose"
9227:
9226:
9216:Works by Ambrose
9211:Internet Archive
9198:Works by Ambrose
9187:
9178:
9176:
9174:
9162:
9153:
9144:
9115:
9106:
9097:
9068:
9047:
9026:
9013:
8992:
8979:
8960:
8941:
8922:
8913:
8900:
8873:
8852:
8827:
8806:
8787:
8768:
8755:
8726:
8707:
8696:
8685:
8666:
8655:. Head of Zeus.
8645:
8612:
8593:
8574:
8556:
8549:
8519:
8507:
8473:
8452:
8431:
8423:
8414:
8387:
8368:
8347:
8328:
8307:
8298:
8279:
8260:
8223:
8214:
8203:, Incorporated.
8193:Guiley, Rosemary
8188:
8176:
8167:
8146:
8117:
8104:
8083:
8052:
8033:
8002:
7973:
7954:
7935:
7914:
7885:
7866:
7847:
7836:. Vol. 13.
7828:
7809:
7780:
7762:
7741:
7722:
7703:
7684:
7677:
7647:
7638:
7617:
7594:
7575:
7547:
7532:
7526:
7520:
7514:
7508:
7499:
7493:
7487:
7481:
7475:
7469:
7460:
7459:
7457:
7455:
7440:
7434:
7428:
7422:
7421:
7419:
7417:
7403:
7397:
7391:
7385:
7379:
7370:
7364:
7355:
7349:
7343:
7337:
7331:
7325:
7308:
7302:
7296:
7290:
7284:
7283:
7271:
7265:
7259:
7253:
7246:
7237:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7219:
7213:
7204:
7198:
7195:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7184:
7170:
7164:
7161:
7155:
7148:
7142:
7141:
7140:on 2 April 2015.
7136:. Archived from
7130:
7124:
7118:
7112:
7106:
7100:
7094:
7088:
7082:
7076:
7070:
7064:
7058:
7052:
7046:
7040:
7034:
7028:
7022:
7016:
7010:
7004:
7003:
6992:
6986:
6985:from New Advent.
6984:
6983:
6981:
6967:
6961:
6960:
6959:
6957:
6944:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6933:
6917:
6908:
6907:
6899:
6893:
6892:
6891:, II, section 18
6884:
6878:
6872:
6866:
6860:
6854:
6848:
6842:
6836:
6830:
6824:
6818:
6816:
6798:
6792:
6790:
6772:
6766:
6760:
6754:
6748:
6742:
6739:
6733:
6727:
6721:
6715:
6709:
6696:
6690:
6684:
6678:
6672:
6666:
6660:
6654:
6653:
6651:
6649:
6616:
6610:
6604:
6598:
6592:
6586:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6562:
6556:
6550:
6544:
6538:
6532:
6523:
6517:
6511:
6505:
6499:
6493:
6487:
6481:
6470:
6464:
6458:
6452:
6446:
6440:
6431:
6425:
6416:
6410:
6401:
6395:
6389:
6383:
6377:
6371:
6365:
6359:
6353:
6347:
6341:
6335:
6329:
6323:
6317:
6311:
6305:
6299:
6293:
6287:
6281:
6275:
6269:
6268:, pp. ixβx.
6263:
6257:
6251:
6245:
6239:
6233:
6227:
6221:
6215:
6206:
6205:
6186:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6175:
6161:
6155:
6149:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6138:
6132:www.bartleby.com
6124:
6118:
6112:
6106:
6100:
6094:
6088:
6082:
6076:
6070:
6064:
6058:
6052:
6046:
6040:
6034:
6028:
6019:
6013:
6007:
6001:
5995:
5989:
5983:
5977:
5971:
5970:, p. 3, 13.
5965:
5959:
5953:
5947:
5941:
5935:
5929:
5920:
5919:, p. intro.
5914:
5908:
5902:
5896:
5890:
5884:
5878:
5872:
5866:
5860:
5854:
5848:
5842:
5836:
5830:
5824:
5818:
5812:
5806:
5800:
5794:
5788:
5782:
5776:
5770:
5764:
5758:
5752:
5746:
5737:
5731:
5725:
5719:
5713:
5707:
5701:
5695:
5689:
5683:
5677:
5671:
5665:
5659:
5653:
5647:
5641:
5635:
5612:
5606:
5597:
5591:
5585:
5579:
5573:
5567:
5561:
5555:
5546:
5540:
5534:
5533:, p. 98-99.
5528:
5522:
5516:
5510:
5504:
5498:
5492:
5486:
5480:
5474:
5468:
5459:
5453:
5447:
5441:
5435:
5429:
5416:
5415:, p. 79β80.
5410:
5404:
5398:
5392:
5386:
5380:
5374:
5368:
5362:
5356:
5350:
5344:
5338:
5332:
5326:
5317:
5311:
5305:
5299:
5284:
5278:
5272:
5266:
5260:
5254:
5248:
5242:
5236:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5200:
5194:
5193:
5175:
5174:
5169:
5163:
5157:
5151:
5145:
5136:
5135:
5126:
5120:
5114:
5105:
5104:, p. 55β57.
5099:
5093:
5087:
5081:
5075:
5062:
5056:
5050:
5049:
5009:
5003:
4997:
4991:
4990:, p. 44β46.
4985:
4979:
4973:
4967:
4961:
4950:
4944:
4938:
4932:
4926:
4920:
4911:
4905:
4899:
4893:
4887:
4881:
4875:
4869:
4863:
4857:
4851:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4781:
4764:
4753:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4733:
4727:
4723:
4717:
4696:
4690:
4681:"S. Paulinus in
4679:
4673:
4671:
4658:
4645:
4618:Calgary, Alberta
4570:
4565:
4564:
4563:
4462:Funeral orations
4304:
4284:
4251:
4245:
4237:
4230:Ballerini, P. A.
4225:
4202:
4166:. The excellent
4110:
4085:
4060:
4040:, 16.1345β1414;
4035:
4011:
3994:
3973:
3961:
3958:On the Mysteries
3936:
3916:
3891:
3866:
3845:
3821:
3804:
3787:
3770:
3758:
3741:
3714:, 15.1527β1850;
3709:
3692:
3676:, 15.1197β1526;
3671:
3650:
3629:
3604:
3583:
3566:
3545:
3520:
3495:
3470:
3454:, 32.2.163β207;
3445:
3420:
3404:, 32.1.641β700;
3395:
3374:
3353:
3337:, 32.1.339β409;
3328:
3325:On Cain and Abel
3312:, 32.1.265β336;
3303:
3278:
3271:
3209:
3168:
3165:
3131:Sergio de Castro
3119:
2834:1 Corinthians 15
2675:
2668:
2661:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2632:
2631:
2021:John of Damascus
1929:
1928:
1759:Moderate realism
1667:Cardinal virtues
1639:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1598:
1591:
1590:
1545:Altar of Victory
1437:, New York City.
1432:
1429:
1373:Episcopal Church
1307:magister militum
1276:
1275:r. 337β361
1268:
1266:
1224:Anthony van Dyck
1202:
1058:Altar of Victory
1019:
1015:
1012:
948:
947:r. 379β395
936:
934:
866:Nicene Christian
777:Aurelii Symmachi
691:
642:
630:
618:
540:chant, known as
508:
472:
469:
456:Ambrose of Milan
425:Christian ethics
395:Theological work
379:
356:
304:
202:
177:
174:
160:Personal details
82:
79:
70:
53:Ambrose of Milan
43:
42:
21:
13781:
13780:
13776:
13775:
13774:
13772:
13771:
13770:
13766:Anglican saints
13636:
13635:
13634:
13629:
13605:
13548:
13538:Missa Venatoria
13462:
13458:Norbertine Rite
13448:Cistercian Rite
13443:Carthusian Rite
13419:
13396:Tridentine Mass
13392:(Ordinary form)
13390:Mass of Paul VI
13355:Liturgical days
13353:
13345:
13316:
13252:
13174:
13055:
12996:
12957:
12914:
12906:
12901:
12871:
12866:
12854:
12850:Catholic Church
12842:
12660:
12635:Ippolito d'Este
12614:Stefano Nardini
12605:Gabriele Sforza
12536:Ottone Visconti
12419:Guido da Velate
12319:Peter (784β803)
12252:
12249:Forte (639β641)
12220:
11998:
11993:
11963:
11958:
11948:
11946:
11934:
11926:
11917:Seven Champions
11910:Church Militant
11900:Athleta Christi
11895:Military saints
11863:
11759:Clare of Assisi
11695:
11631:Judas Barsabbas
11537:
11109:
11039:
11025:Nino of Georgia
10971:
10877:Pedro Calungsod
10832:Martyrs of Laos
10777:Luigi Versiglia
10668:
10609:John Chrysostom
10499:Clement of Rome
10440:
10433:
10400:
10366:Teresa of Γvila
10351:Albertus Magnus
10236:John Chrysostom
10202:
10163:Mary of Bethany
10144:
10050:Anthony of Kiev
10031:
9999:
9950:James the Great
9916:
9868:
9847:
9838:
9833:
9803:
9798:
9785:
9737:
9728:Dante Alighieri
9544:
9542:
9536:
9482:
9476:
9464:
9377:
9371:
9362:
9328:
9319:
9311:
9275:"Saint Ambrose"
9247:Ambrose's works
9224:
9194:
9172:
9170:
9165:
9094:
9076:
9074:Further reading
9071:
9044:
8976:
8957:
8938:
8897:
8870:
8824:
8803:
8784:
8723:
8705:
8682:
8663:
8642:
8609:
8590:
8572:
8550:
8546:
8470:
8449:
8411:
8384:
8365:
8344:
8325:
8295:
8276:
8249:
8211:
8164:
8101:
8049:
8030:
7970:
7951:
7903:10.2307/1583142
7882:
7863:
7844:
7825:
7759:
7738:
7719:
7700:
7678:
7674:
7635:
7614:
7591:
7573:
7556:
7551:
7550:
7533:
7529:
7521:
7517:
7509:
7502:
7494:
7490:
7482:
7478:
7470:
7463:
7453:
7451:
7442:
7441:
7437:
7429:
7425:
7415:
7413:
7405:
7404:
7400:
7396:, pp. 3β4.
7392:
7388:
7380:
7373:
7365:
7358:
7350:
7346:
7340:Cunningham 1955
7338:
7334:
7326:
7311:
7303:
7299:
7291:
7287:
7272:
7268:
7262:Gafford II 2015
7260:
7256:
7247:
7240:
7231:
7229:
7220:
7216:
7205:
7201:
7196:
7192:
7182:
7180:
7172:
7171:
7167:
7162:
7158:
7149:
7145:
7132:
7131:
7127:
7119:
7115:
7107:
7103:
7097:Wojcieszak 2014
7095:
7091:
7083:
7079:
7071:
7067:
7059:
7055:
7047:
7043:
7035:
7031:
7023:
7019:
7011:
7007:
6994:
6993:
6989:
6979:
6977:
6968:
6964:
6955:
6953:
6946:
6945:
6941:
6931:
6929:
6918:
6911:
6900:
6896:
6885:
6881:
6873:
6869:
6861:
6857:
6849:
6845:
6837:
6833:
6825:
6821:
6813:
6799:
6795:
6787:
6773:
6769:
6761:
6757:
6749:
6745:
6740:
6736:
6728:
6724:
6716:
6712:
6697:
6693:
6685:
6681:
6673:
6669:
6661:
6657:
6647:
6645:
6643:
6617:
6613:
6605:
6601:
6593:
6589:
6581:
6577:
6569:
6565:
6557:
6553:
6545:
6541:
6533:
6526:
6518:
6514:
6508:MacCulloch 2010
6506:
6502:
6494:
6490:
6482:
6473:
6465:
6461:
6453:
6449:
6441:
6434:
6426:
6419:
6411:
6404:
6396:
6392:
6388:, pp. 6β7.
6384:
6380:
6372:
6368:
6360:
6356:
6348:
6344:
6336:
6332:
6324:
6320:
6316:, pp. 5β6.
6312:
6308:
6300:
6296:
6288:
6284:
6276:
6272:
6264:
6260:
6252:
6248:
6240:
6236:
6232:, pp. 4β5.
6228:
6224:
6220:, pp. 3β4.
6216:
6209:
6202:
6188:
6187:
6183:
6173:
6171:
6163:
6162:
6158:
6150:
6146:
6136:
6134:
6126:
6125:
6121:
6113:
6109:
6101:
6097:
6089:
6085:
6077:
6073:
6065:
6061:
6053:
6049:
6041:
6037:
6029:
6022:
6014:
6010:
6002:
5998:
5990:
5986:
5978:
5974:
5966:
5962:
5954:
5950:
5942:
5938:
5930:
5923:
5915:
5911:
5903:
5899:
5891:
5887:
5879:
5875:
5867:
5863:
5855:
5851:
5847:, pp. 262.
5843:
5839:
5831:
5827:
5819:
5815:
5807:
5803:
5795:
5791:
5783:
5779:
5771:
5767:
5759:
5755:
5747:
5740:
5732:
5728:
5720:
5716:
5708:
5704:
5696:
5692:
5684:
5680:
5672:
5668:
5660:
5656:
5648:
5644:
5636:
5615:
5607:
5600:
5592:
5588:
5580:
5576:
5568:
5564:
5556:
5549:
5541:
5537:
5529:
5525:
5517:
5513:
5505:
5501:
5493:
5489:
5481:
5477:
5469:
5462:
5454:
5450:
5442:
5438:
5430:
5419:
5411:
5407:
5399:
5395:
5387:
5383:
5375:
5371:
5363:
5359:
5351:
5347:
5339:
5335:
5327:
5320:
5312:
5308:
5300:
5287:
5279:
5275:
5267:
5263:
5255:
5251:
5243:
5239:
5233:Sparavigna 2016
5231:
5227:
5217:
5201:
5197:
5181:
5172:
5170:
5166:
5158:
5154:
5146:
5139:
5128:
5127:
5123:
5115:
5108:
5100:
5096:
5088:
5084:
5076:
5065:
5057:
5053:
5030:10.2307/1583516
5010:
5006:
4998:
4994:
4986:
4982:
4974:
4970:
4962:
4953:
4945:
4941:
4935:Greenslade 1956
4933:
4929:
4921:
4914:
4906:
4902:
4894:
4890:
4882:
4878:
4870:
4866:
4858:
4854:
4846:
4842:
4834:
4830:
4822:
4818:
4810:
4803:
4793:
4791:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4767:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4740:
4734:
4730:
4724:
4720:
4697:
4693:
4680:
4676:
4646:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4609:Davenport, Iowa
4566:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4504:Ambrosian hymns
4415:
4311:
4239:
4238:
4188:
4132:
4122:
4101:
4076:
4051:
4034:]. 375β378.
4026:
4023:
4002:
3987:Expositio fidei
3985:
3972:]. 384β394.
3964:
3952:
3927:
3907:
3890:]. 381β382.
3882:
3857:
3836:
3833:
3820:]. 393β395.
3812:
3803:]. 391β392.
3795:
3778:
3761:
3749:
3740:]. 377β391.
3732:
3729:
3700:
3683:
3670:]. 386β390.
3662:
3655:, 14.963β1238;
3641:
3638:, 32.2.299β355)
3620:
3613:, 32.2.211β96;
3595:
3592:, 32.2.519β573)
3582:]. 376β390.
3574:
3557:
3544:]. 377β391.
3536:
3529:, 32.2.125β60;
3511:
3504:, 32.2.73β122;
3494:]. 387β388.
3486:
3469:]. 386β388.
3461:
3444:]. 391β394.
3438:De fuga saeculi
3436:
3429:, 32.1.707β53;
3411:
3394:]. 387β391.
3386:
3383:, 32.1.501β638)
3365:
3352:]. 378β384.
3344:
3327:]. 377β378.
3321:De Cain et Abet
3319:
3302:]. 377β378.
3294:
3265:
3260:
3257:
3203:
3166:
3162:(377β391) in a
3153:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3135:Ambrosian hymns
3125:
3120:
3096:Ambrosian chant
3041:
3020:
2942:
2928:Ambrose viewed
2887:
2864:
2777:
2679:
2650:
2640:
2638:
2626:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2445:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2255:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2065:
2057:
2056:
2055:
1935:
1926:
1916:
1915:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1744:
1734:
1733:
1707:Social teaching
1662:
1652:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1589:
1537:
1531:
1468:
1430:
1381:
1375:on 7 December.
1365:Catholic Church
1291:
1274:
1263:
1196:
1163:
1157:
1124:John Chrysostom
1066:
1017:
1013:
1002:
979:
946:
931:
898:
851:
849:Bishop of Milan
685:
672:
653:
651:Benozzo Gozzoli
647:Saint Augustine
643:
634:
631:
622:
619:
610:
604:
576:Catholic Church
554:Ambrosian hymns
542:Ambrosian chant
502:
479:Bishop of Milan
470:
438:Anti-paganism,
389:
373:
354:
348:Theology career
346:
331:
306:
305:
302:Other patronage
300:
275:
256:Catholic Church
204:
200:
191:
178:
175:
171:
170:
87:
80:
60:Bishop of Milan
54:
51:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
13779:
13769:
13768:
13763:
13758:
13753:
13748:
13743:
13738:
13733:
13728:
13726:Church Fathers
13723:
13718:
13713:
13708:
13703:
13698:
13693:
13688:
13683:
13678:
13673:
13668:
13663:
13658:
13653:
13648:
13631:
13630:
13628:
13627:
13617:
13610:
13607:
13606:
13604:
13603:
13598:
13593:
13588:
13587:
13586:
13581:
13576:
13566:
13560:
13558:
13554:
13553:
13550:
13549:
13547:
13546:
13541:
13534:
13527:
13520:
13515:
13514:
13513:
13508:
13503:
13498:
13493:
13485:
13483:Aquileian Rite
13480:
13474:
13472:
13468:
13467:
13464:
13463:
13461:
13460:
13455:
13453:Dominican Rite
13450:
13445:
13440:
13438:Carmelite Rite
13435:
13429:
13427:
13418:
13417:
13416:
13415:
13410:
13405:
13404:
13403:
13393:
13382:
13380:Mozarabic Rite
13377:
13372:
13370:Ambrosian Rite
13366:
13364:
13357:
13347:
13346:
13344:
13343:
13342:
13341:
13330:
13328:
13322:
13321:
13318:
13317:
13315:
13314:
13308:
13305:Pope Gregory I
13302:
13296:
13290:
13288:Pope Damasus I
13285:
13279:
13273:
13268:
13262:
13260:
13258:Church Fathers
13254:
13253:
13251:
13250:
13249:
13248:
13238:
13237:
13236:
13226:
13225:
13224:
13214:
13213:
13212:
13202:
13201:
13200:
13195:
13184:
13182:
13180:Apostolic sees
13173:
13172:
13167:
13162:
13157:
13152:
13147:
13142:
13137:
13132:
13130:Western Schism
13127:
13122:
13117:
13112:
13107:
13102:
13097:
13092:
13091:
13090:
13085:
13075:
13069:
13067:
13061:
13060:
13057:
13056:
13054:
13053:
13047:
13041:
13035:
13029:
13026:Constantinople
13023:
13017:
13011:
13004:
13002:
12998:
12997:
12995:
12994:
12985:
12976:
12967:
12958:
12929:
12927:
12920:
12908:
12907:
12900:
12899:
12892:
12885:
12877:
12868:
12867:
12865:
12864:
12847:
12844:
12843:
12841:
12840:
12839:(2017βpresent)
12834:
12828:
12822:
12816:
12810:
12803:
12796:
12790:
12784:
12781:Andrea Ferrari
12777:
12771:
12765:
12759:
12753:
12748:
12742:
12736:
12730:
12724:
12718:
12712:
12706:
12700:
12694:
12688:
12682:
12676:
12673:Carlo Borromeo
12668:
12666:
12662:
12661:
12659:
12658:
12653:
12647:
12644:
12638:
12632:
12629:
12623:
12617:
12611:
12608:
12602:
12599:
12596:
12593:
12590:
12587:
12584:
12581:
12575:
12572:
12569:
12566:
12560:
12554:
12551:
12545:
12542:
12539:
12533:
12530:
12527:
12521:
12513:
12510:
12507:
12504:
12501:
12495:
12492:
12485:
12482:
12479:
12473:
12470:
12464:
12458:
12452:
12446:
12440:
12434:
12428:
12422:
12416:
12410:
12404:
12398:
12392:
12386:
12383:
12380:
12377:
12374:
12371:
12365:
12359:
12356:
12353:
12347:
12341:
12338:
12332:
12329:
12326:
12323:
12320:
12317:
12314:
12313:Leto (751β755)
12311:
12308:
12305:
12298:
12295:
12288:
12281:
12274:
12271:
12268:
12260:
12258:
12254:
12253:
12251:
12250:
12247:
12244:
12241:
12238:
12235:
12232:
12228:
12226:
12222:
12221:
12219:
12218:
12215:
12212:
12205:
12198:
12191:
12184:
12177:
12170:
12163:
12156:
12149:
12142:
12135:
12128:
12121:
12114:
12107:
12100:
12094:
12087:
12080:
12073:
12066:
12059:
12052:
12047:
12040:
12033:
12028:
12021:
12014:
12006:
12004:
12000:
11999:
11992:
11991:
11984:
11977:
11969:
11960:
11959:
11957:
11956:
11944:
11931:
11928:
11927:
11925:
11924:
11922:Virtuous pagan
11919:
11914:
11913:
11912:
11907:
11902:
11892:
11887:
11882:
11877:
11871:
11869:
11865:
11864:
11862:
11861:
11856:
11851:
11846:
11841:
11836:
11831:
11826:
11821:
11816:
11811:
11806:
11801:
11796:
11791:
11786:
11781:
11776:
11771:
11766:
11761:
11756:
11751:
11746:
11741:
11736:
11731:
11726:
11721:
11716:
11711:
11705:
11703:
11697:
11696:
11694:
11693:
11688:
11686:Zechariah (NT)
11683:
11678:
11673:
11668:
11663:
11658:
11653:
11648:
11643:
11638:
11633:
11628:
11623:
11618:
11613:
11608:
11603:
11598:
11593:
11588:
11583:
11578:
11573:
11568:
11563:
11558:
11553:
11547:
11545:
11539:
11538:
11536:
11535:
11530:
11525:
11520:
11515:
11510:
11505:
11500:
11495:
11490:
11485:
11480:
11475:
11470:
11465:
11460:
11455:
11450:
11445:
11440:
11435:
11430:
11425:
11420:
11415:
11410:
11405:
11400:
11395:
11390:
11385:
11380:
11375:
11370:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11350:
11345:
11340:
11335:
11330:
11325:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11305:
11300:
11295:
11290:
11285:
11280:
11275:
11270:
11265:
11260:
11255:
11250:
11245:
11240:
11235:
11230:
11225:
11220:
11215:
11210:
11205:
11200:
11195:
11190:
11185:
11180:
11175:
11170:
11165:
11160:
11155:
11150:
11145:
11140:
11135:
11130:
11125:
11119:
11117:
11111:
11110:
11108:
11107:
11100:
11095:
11090:
11085:
11080:
11075:
11070:
11065:
11060:
11055:
11049:
11047:
11041:
11040:
11038:
11037:
11032:
11027:
11022:
11020:JunΓpero Serra
11017:
11012:
11007:
11005:Francis Xavier
11002:
10997:
10992:
10987:
10981:
10979:
10973:
10972:
10970:
10969:
10964:
10959:
10954:
10949:
10947:Uganda Martyrs
10944:
10939:
10934:
10929:
10924:
10919:
10917:Titus Brandsma
10914:
10909:
10904:
10899:
10894:
10892:Pietro Parenzo
10889:
10884:
10879:
10874:
10869:
10864:
10859:
10854:
10849:
10844:
10839:
10834:
10829:
10824:
10819:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10774:
10769:
10764:
10762:Korean Martyrs
10759:
10754:
10749:
10744:
10739:
10734:
10729:
10724:
10719:
10714:
10709:
10704:
10699:
10694:
10689:
10687:Boris and Gleb
10684:
10678:
10676:
10670:
10669:
10667:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10646:
10641:
10636:
10631:
10626:
10621:
10616:
10611:
10606:
10601:
10596:
10591:
10586:
10581:
10576:
10571:
10566:
10561:
10556:
10551:
10546:
10541:
10536:
10531:
10529:Desert Mothers
10526:
10524:Desert Fathers
10521:
10516:
10511:
10506:
10501:
10496:
10491:
10486:
10481:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10461:
10456:
10451:
10445:
10443:
10435:
10434:
10432:
10431:
10426:
10421:
10416:
10410:
10408:
10402:
10401:
10399:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10383:
10378:
10373:
10368:
10363:
10358:
10353:
10348:
10343:
10338:
10336:Peter Canisius
10333:
10328:
10323:
10318:
10313:
10308:
10303:
10298:
10293:
10288:
10283:
10281:Thomas Aquinas
10278:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10258:
10253:
10248:
10243:
10238:
10233:
10228:
10223:
10218:
10212:
10210:
10204:
10203:
10201:
10200:
10195:
10190:
10185:
10180:
10175:
10170:
10168:Mary Magdalene
10165:
10160:
10154:
10152:
10146:
10145:
10143:
10142:
10137:
10132:
10127:
10122:
10117:
10112:
10107:
10102:
10097:
10095:Louis Bertrand
10092:
10087:
10082:
10080:Francis Borgia
10077:
10072:
10067:
10062:
10057:
10052:
10047:
10041:
10039:
10033:
10032:
10030:
10029:
10024:
10015:
10009:
10007:
10001:
10000:
9998:
9997:
9992:
9987:
9982:
9977:
9972:
9967:
9962:
9957:
9952:
9947:
9942:
9937:
9932:
9926:
9924:
9918:
9917:
9915:
9914:
9909:
9907:Titles of Mary
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9878:
9876:
9870:
9869:
9854:Servant of God
9843:
9840:
9839:
9832:
9831:
9824:
9817:
9809:
9800:
9799:
9797:
9796:
9790:
9787:
9786:
9784:
9783:
9778:
9773:
9772:
9771:
9761:
9756:
9751:
9745:
9743:
9739:
9738:
9736:
9735:
9733:Peter Binsfeld
9730:
9725:
9723:Pope Gregory I
9720:
9715:
9708:
9707:
9694:
9693:
9683:
9673:
9663:
9653:
9643:
9633:
9622:
9621:
9611:
9601:
9591:
9581:
9571:
9561:
9550:
9548:
9538:
9537:
9535:
9534:
9533:
9532:
9520:
9519:
9509:
9499:
9488:
9486:
9478:
9477:
9467:
9465:
9463:
9462:
9460:Thomas Aquinas
9457:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9441:
9440:
9425:
9424:
9414:
9404:
9394:
9383:
9381:
9373:
9372:
9361:
9360:
9353:
9346:
9338:
9330:
9329:
9324:
9321:
9312:
9307:
9303:
9302:
9294:
9293:
9288:
9282:
9272:
9264:
9259:
9250:
9244:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9213:
9204:
9193:
9192:External links
9190:
9189:
9188:
9179:
9163:
9154:
9145:
9127:(2): 153β175.
9116:
9107:
9098:
9092:
9075:
9072:
9070:
9069:
9048:
9042:
9027:
9014:
9004:(2): 235β244.
8993:
8980:
8974:
8961:
8955:
8942:
8936:
8923:
8914:
8901:
8895:
8874:
8868:
8853:
8843:(1): 186β206.
8828:
8822:
8807:
8801:
8788:
8782:
8769:
8756:
8738:(3): 362β378.
8727:
8721:
8708:
8703:
8686:
8680:
8667:
8661:
8646:
8640:
8613:
8607:
8594:
8588:
8575:
8570:
8557:
8544:
8508:
8490:(4): 505β521.
8474:
8468:
8453:
8447:
8432:
8415:
8409:
8388:
8382:
8369:
8363:
8348:
8342:
8329:
8323:
8308:
8299:
8293:
8280:
8274:
8261:
8247:
8224:
8215:
8209:
8189:
8179:Chisholm, Hugh
8168:
8162:
8147:
8118:
8105:
8099:
8084:
8066:(2): 398β443.
8053:
8047:
8034:
8028:
8003:
7985:(4): 313β333.
7974:
7968:
7955:
7949:
7936:
7926:(4): 509β514.
7915:
7897:(3): 245β252.
7886:
7880:
7867:
7861:
7848:
7842:
7829:
7823:
7810:
7781:
7763:
7757:
7742:
7736:
7723:
7717:
7704:
7698:
7690:Late antiquity
7685:
7672:
7639:
7633:
7618:
7612:
7595:
7589:
7576:
7571:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7549:
7548:
7538:, in Ambrose:
7536:The Sacraments
7527:
7515:
7500:
7488:
7476:
7461:
7435:
7423:
7398:
7386:
7371:
7356:
7344:
7342:, p. 509.
7332:
7309:
7297:
7285:
7276:"Read my lips"
7266:
7254:
7238:
7222:Schaff (ed.),
7214:
7211:De virginitate
7209:(On Virgins);
7199:
7190:
7165:
7156:
7143:
7125:
7113:
7111:, p. 133.
7101:
7089:
7087:, p. 147.
7077:
7065:
7063:, p. 313.
7053:
7041:
7039:, p. 312.
7029:
7017:
7005:
6987:
6962:
6939:
6909:
6894:
6879:
6867:
6855:
6851:Lietzmann 1951
6843:
6841:, p. 362.
6831:
6827:Lietzmann 1951
6819:
6811:
6793:
6785:
6767:
6763:Lietzmann 1951
6755:
6751:Lietzmann 1951
6743:
6734:
6732:, p. 187.
6722:
6718:Lietzmann 1951
6710:
6691:
6679:
6667:
6655:
6641:
6611:
6607:Hagendahl 1967
6599:
6597:, p. 375.
6587:
6575:
6563:
6551:
6539:
6524:
6512:
6510:, p. 300.
6500:
6496:Nirenberg 2013
6488:
6471:
6459:
6447:
6432:
6430:, p. 146.
6417:
6402:
6390:
6378:
6366:
6364:, p. 124.
6354:
6342:
6330:
6318:
6306:
6294:
6292:, p. 315.
6282:
6270:
6258:
6246:
6234:
6222:
6207:
6200:
6181:
6165:"The Calendar"
6156:
6154:, p. 116.
6144:
6119:
6117:, p. 292.
6107:
6095:
6083:
6079:Errington 2006
6071:
6067:Nicholson 2018
6059:
6047:
6045:, p. 409.
6043:Errington 1997
6035:
6020:
6008:
6006:, p. 215.
5996:
5994:, p. 100.
5992:MacMullen 1984
5984:
5972:
5960:
5958:, p. 111.
5948:
5936:
5934:, p. 291.
5921:
5909:
5897:
5885:
5883:, p. 425.
5881:Errington 1997
5873:
5871:, p. 331.
5861:
5849:
5837:
5825:
5813:
5801:
5789:
5777:
5765:
5761:Errington 1997
5753:
5751:, p. 217.
5749:Errington 2006
5738:
5736:, p. 109.
5726:
5724:, p. 108.
5714:
5702:
5690:
5688:, p. 131.
5678:
5676:, p. 130.
5666:
5664:, p. 106.
5654:
5650:Lietzmann 1951
5642:
5640:, p. 799.
5613:
5609:Lietzmann 1951
5598:
5586:
5584:, p. 129.
5574:
5572:, p. 104.
5562:
5558:Lietzmann 1951
5547:
5535:
5523:
5511:
5499:
5487:
5475:
5460:
5448:
5436:
5417:
5405:
5393:
5389:Nicholson 2018
5381:
5369:
5357:
5345:
5333:
5329:Lietzmann 1951
5318:
5306:
5304:, p. 408.
5285:
5273:
5261:
5257:Lietzmann 1951
5249:
5247:, p. 407.
5237:
5225:
5215:
5195:
5164:
5160:CvetkoviΔ 2019
5152:
5137:
5121:
5117:CvetkoviΔ 2019
5106:
5102:CvetkoviΔ 2019
5094:
5082:
5080:, p. 798.
5063:
5051:
5004:
5000:CvetkoviΔ 2019
4992:
4988:CvetkoviΔ 2019
4980:
4968:
4951:
4949:, p. 380.
4939:
4937:, p. 175.
4927:
4912:
4908:CvetkoviΔ 2019
4900:
4888:
4876:
4864:
4852:
4840:
4838:, p. 208.
4828:
4816:
4801:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4748:
4738:
4728:
4718:
4691:
4674:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4627:
4626:
4620:
4611:
4602:
4597:
4595:Church Fathers
4592:
4583:
4578:
4572:
4571:
4555:
4552:
4538:
4537:
4531:
4525:
4519:
4513:
4507:
4501:
4495:
4489:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4456:: a commentary
4449:
4446:: a commentary
4439:
4436:: a commentary
4429:
4423:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4388:
4378:
4368:
4358:
4352:
4338:
4332:
4326:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4285:
4267:, ed. (1947).
4261:
4226:
4212:
4195:, ed. (1845).
4187:
4184:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4099:
4094:, 73.369β401;
4090:, 16.1447β88;
4074:
4065:, 16.1417β44;
4049:
4044:, 73.207β325;
4022:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4000:
3983:
3978:, 16.485β546;
3966:De paenitentia
3962:
3950:
3929:De sacramentis
3925:
3920:, 17.1193β96;
3905:
3880:
3871:, 16.731β850;
3855:
3850:, 16.549β726;
3832:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3810:
3793:
3780:De virginitate
3776:
3759:
3747:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3698:
3681:
3660:
3639:
3634:, 14.891β926;
3618:
3593:
3588:, 14.797β832;
3572:
3555:
3554:, 32.2.411β65)
3534:
3513:De patriarchis
3509:
3500:, 14.673β704;
3484:
3459:
3450:, 14.597β624;
3434:
3413:De bono mortis
3409:
3384:
3379:, 14.441β524;
3363:
3362:, 32.1.413β97)
3358:, 14.381β438;
3342:
3317:
3308:, 14.291β332;
3292:
3287:, 32.1.3β261;
3283:, 14.133β288;
3256:
3253:
3248:De sacramentis
3210:(386β390) and
3189:(377β389) and
3152:
3149:
3122:
3121:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3092:James McKinnon
3083:
3082:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3057:Liber hymnorum
3019:
3016:
3012:silent reading
2941:
2938:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2886:
2883:
2863:
2860:
2822:eschatological
2776:
2773:
2761:De paenitentia
2757:De virginitate
2697:as one of the
2685:Ambrose joins
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2636:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1896:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1855:Friends of God
1847:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1828:Augustinianism
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1793:Predestination
1790:
1785:
1780:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1729:Works of mercy
1726:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1640:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1600:
1599:
1588:
1585:
1558:Vestal Virgins
1549:Pope Damasus I
1533:Main article:
1530:
1527:
1484:Magnus Maximus
1467:
1464:
1380:
1377:
1290:
1287:
1267: 306β337
1182:Constantinople
1156:
1153:
1141:(386β387) and
1131:Magnus Maximus
1081:Magnus Maximus
1065:
1064:Valentinian II
1062:
1001:
998:
990:Valentinian II
983:Roman emperors
978:
975:
939:Valentinian II
935: 367β383
905:God the Father
897:
894:
850:
847:
741:Constantius II
737:Constantine II
717:Gallia Belgica
671:
668:
664:Roman governor
655:
654:
644:
637:
635:
632:
625:
623:
620:
613:
603:
600:
586:, and various
534:Magnus Maximus
518:Roman governor
511:ecclesiastical
451:
450:
447:
446:
443:
442:
436:
432:
431:
422:
421:Main interests
418:
417:
415:Trinitarianism
412:
408:
407:
402:
398:
397:
391:
390:
388:
387:
381:
366:
359:
357:
351:
350:
343:
342:
337:
333:
332:
330:
329:
299:
298:
297:
291:
287:
286:
281:
280:Title as Saint
277:
276:
274:
273:
268:
263:
258:
252:
250:
246:
245:
242:
238:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
218:
214:
213:
197:
193:
192:
185:Gallia Belgica
179:
168:
166:
162:
161:
157:
156:
155:7 December 374
153:
149:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
93:
89:
88:
71:
63:
62:
56:
55:
52:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13778:
13767:
13764:
13762:
13759:
13757:
13754:
13752:
13749:
13747:
13744:
13742:
13741:Hymnographers
13739:
13737:
13734:
13732:
13729:
13727:
13724:
13722:
13719:
13717:
13714:
13712:
13709:
13707:
13704:
13702:
13699:
13697:
13694:
13692:
13689:
13687:
13684:
13682:
13679:
13677:
13674:
13672:
13669:
13667:
13664:
13662:
13659:
13657:
13654:
13652:
13649:
13647:
13644:
13643:
13641:
13626:
13618:
13616:
13612:
13611:
13608:
13602:
13599:
13597:
13594:
13592:
13589:
13585:
13582:
13580:
13577:
13575:
13572:
13571:
13570:
13567:
13565:
13562:
13561:
13559:
13555:
13545:
13542:
13540:
13539:
13535:
13533:
13532:
13528:
13526:
13525:
13524:Missa Nautica
13521:
13519:
13518:Gallican Rite
13516:
13512:
13509:
13507:
13504:
13502:
13499:
13497:
13494:
13492:
13489:
13488:
13486:
13484:
13481:
13479:
13476:
13475:
13473:
13469:
13459:
13456:
13454:
13451:
13449:
13446:
13444:
13441:
13439:
13436:
13434:
13431:
13430:
13428:
13426:
13422:
13414:
13411:
13409:
13406:
13402:
13399:
13398:
13397:
13394:
13391:
13388:
13387:
13386:
13383:
13381:
13378:
13376:
13375:Rite of Braga
13373:
13371:
13368:
13367:
13365:
13361:
13358:
13356:
13352:
13348:
13340:
13337:
13336:
13335:
13332:
13331:
13329:
13327:
13323:
13312:
13309:
13306:
13303:
13300:
13297:
13294:
13291:
13289:
13286:
13283:
13280:
13277:
13274:
13272:
13269:
13267:
13264:
13263:
13261:
13259:
13255:
13247:
13244:
13243:
13242:
13239:
13235:
13232:
13231:
13230:
13227:
13223:
13220:
13219:
13218:
13215:
13211:
13208:
13207:
13206:
13203:
13199:
13196:
13194:
13191:
13190:
13189:
13186:
13185:
13183:
13181:
13177:
13171:
13168:
13166:
13163:
13161:
13158:
13156:
13153:
13151:
13148:
13146:
13143:
13141:
13138:
13136:
13133:
13131:
13128:
13126:
13123:
13121:
13120:Scholasticism
13118:
13116:
13113:
13111:
13108:
13106:
13103:
13101:
13098:
13096:
13095:First Martyrs
13093:
13089:
13086:
13084:
13083:Papal primacy
13081:
13080:
13079:
13076:
13074:
13071:
13070:
13068:
13066:
13062:
13051:
13048:
13045:
13042:
13039:
13036:
13033:
13030:
13027:
13024:
13021:
13018:
13015:
13012:
13009:
13006:
13005:
13003:
12999:
12993:
12989:
12986:
12984:
12980:
12977:
12975:
12971:
12968:
12966:
12962:
12959:
12955:
12951:
12950:
12945:
12942:
12938:
12934:
12931:
12930:
12928:
12924:
12921:
12918:
12913:
12912:Patriarchates
12909:
12905:
12898:
12893:
12891:
12886:
12884:
12879:
12878:
12875:
12863:
12858:
12853:
12852:
12851:
12845:
12838:
12837:Mario Delpini
12835:
12832:
12829:
12826:
12823:
12820:
12817:
12814:
12811:
12808:
12804:
12801:
12797:
12794:
12791:
12788:
12785:
12782:
12778:
12775:
12772:
12769:
12766:
12763:
12760:
12757:
12754:
12752:
12749:
12746:
12743:
12740:
12737:
12734:
12731:
12728:
12725:
12722:
12719:
12716:
12713:
12710:
12707:
12704:
12701:
12698:
12697:Alfonso Litta
12695:
12692:
12689:
12686:
12683:
12680:
12677:
12674:
12670:
12669:
12667:
12663:
12657:
12654:
12651:
12648:
12645:
12642:
12639:
12636:
12633:
12630:
12627:
12624:
12621:
12618:
12615:
12612:
12609:
12606:
12603:
12600:
12597:
12594:
12591:
12588:
12585:
12582:
12579:
12576:
12573:
12570:
12567:
12564:
12561:
12558:
12555:
12552:
12549:
12546:
12543:
12540:
12537:
12534:
12531:
12528:
12525:
12522:
12520:
12519:(1211, elect)
12518:
12514:
12511:
12508:
12505:
12502:
12499:
12496:
12493:
12490:
12486:
12483:
12480:
12477:
12474:
12471:
12468:
12465:
12462:
12459:
12456:
12453:
12450:
12447:
12444:
12441:
12438:
12435:
12432:
12429:
12426:
12423:
12420:
12417:
12414:
12411:
12408:
12405:
12402:
12399:
12396:
12393:
12390:
12387:
12384:
12381:
12378:
12375:
12372:
12369:
12366:
12363:
12360:
12357:
12354:
12351:
12348:
12345:
12342:
12339:
12336:
12333:
12330:
12327:
12324:
12321:
12318:
12315:
12312:
12309:
12306:
12303:
12299:
12296:
12293:
12289:
12286:
12282:
12279:
12275:
12272:
12269:
12266:
12265:John the Good
12262:
12261:
12259:
12255:
12248:
12245:
12242:
12239:
12236:
12233:
12230:
12229:
12227:
12223:
12216:
12213:
12210:
12206:
12203:
12199:
12196:
12195:Eustorgius II
12192:
12189:
12185:
12182:
12178:
12175:
12171:
12168:
12164:
12161:
12157:
12154:
12150:
12147:
12143:
12140:
12136:
12133:
12129:
12126:
12122:
12119:
12115:
12112:
12108:
12105:
12101:
12098:
12095:
12092:
12088:
12085:
12081:
12078:
12074:
12071:
12067:
12064:
12060:
12057:
12053:
12051:
12048:
12045:
12041:
12038:
12034:
12032:
12029:
12026:
12022:
12019:
12015:
12012:
12008:
12007:
12005:
12001:
11997:
11990:
11985:
11983:
11978:
11976:
11971:
11970:
11967:
11955:
11945:
11943:
11938:
11933:
11932:
11929:
11923:
11920:
11918:
11915:
11911:
11908:
11906:
11903:
11901:
11898:
11897:
11896:
11893:
11891:
11888:
11886:
11883:
11881:
11878:
11876:
11873:
11872:
11870:
11866:
11860:
11857:
11855:
11852:
11850:
11847:
11845:
11842:
11840:
11837:
11835:
11832:
11830:
11827:
11825:
11822:
11820:
11817:
11815:
11812:
11810:
11809:Maria Goretti
11807:
11805:
11802:
11800:
11797:
11795:
11792:
11790:
11787:
11785:
11782:
11780:
11777:
11775:
11772:
11770:
11767:
11765:
11762:
11760:
11757:
11755:
11752:
11750:
11747:
11745:
11742:
11740:
11737:
11735:
11732:
11730:
11727:
11725:
11722:
11720:
11717:
11715:
11714:Agnes of Rome
11712:
11710:
11707:
11706:
11704:
11702:
11698:
11692:
11689:
11687:
11684:
11682:
11679:
11677:
11674:
11672:
11669:
11667:
11664:
11662:
11659:
11657:
11654:
11652:
11649:
11647:
11644:
11642:
11639:
11637:
11634:
11632:
11629:
11627:
11624:
11622:
11619:
11617:
11614:
11612:
11609:
11607:
11604:
11602:
11599:
11597:
11594:
11592:
11589:
11587:
11584:
11582:
11579:
11577:
11574:
11572:
11569:
11567:
11564:
11562:
11559:
11557:
11554:
11552:
11549:
11548:
11546:
11544:
11540:
11534:
11531:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11519:
11516:
11514:
11511:
11509:
11506:
11504:
11501:
11499:
11496:
11494:
11491:
11489:
11486:
11484:
11481:
11479:
11476:
11474:
11471:
11469:
11466:
11464:
11461:
11459:
11456:
11454:
11451:
11449:
11446:
11444:
11441:
11439:
11436:
11434:
11431:
11429:
11426:
11424:
11421:
11419:
11416:
11414:
11411:
11409:
11406:
11404:
11401:
11399:
11396:
11394:
11391:
11389:
11386:
11384:
11381:
11379:
11376:
11374:
11371:
11369:
11366:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11321:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11304:
11301:
11299:
11296:
11294:
11291:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11279:
11276:
11274:
11271:
11269:
11266:
11264:
11261:
11259:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11244:
11241:
11239:
11236:
11234:
11231:
11229:
11226:
11224:
11221:
11219:
11216:
11214:
11211:
11209:
11206:
11204:
11201:
11199:
11196:
11194:
11191:
11189:
11186:
11184:
11181:
11179:
11176:
11174:
11171:
11169:
11166:
11164:
11161:
11159:
11156:
11154:
11151:
11149:
11146:
11144:
11141:
11139:
11136:
11134:
11131:
11129:
11126:
11124:
11121:
11120:
11118:
11116:
11112:
11106:
11105:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
11086:
11084:
11081:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11054:
11051:
11050:
11048:
11046:
11042:
11036:
11033:
11031:
11028:
11026:
11023:
11021:
11018:
11016:
11013:
11011:
11008:
11006:
11003:
11001:
10998:
10996:
10993:
10991:
10988:
10986:
10983:
10982:
10980:
10978:
10974:
10968:
10965:
10963:
10960:
10958:
10955:
10953:
10950:
10948:
10945:
10943:
10940:
10938:
10935:
10933:
10930:
10928:
10927:Thomas Becket
10925:
10923:
10920:
10918:
10915:
10913:
10910:
10908:
10905:
10903:
10900:
10898:
10895:
10893:
10890:
10888:
10885:
10883:
10880:
10878:
10875:
10873:
10870:
10868:
10865:
10863:
10860:
10858:
10855:
10853:
10850:
10848:
10845:
10843:
10840:
10838:
10835:
10833:
10830:
10828:
10825:
10823:
10820:
10818:
10815:
10813:
10810:
10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10780:
10778:
10775:
10773:
10770:
10768:
10765:
10763:
10760:
10758:
10755:
10753:
10752:Irish Martyrs
10750:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10738:
10735:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10725:
10723:
10720:
10718:
10715:
10713:
10710:
10708:
10705:
10703:
10700:
10698:
10695:
10693:
10690:
10688:
10685:
10683:
10680:
10679:
10677:
10675:
10671:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10647:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10637:
10635:
10632:
10630:
10627:
10625:
10622:
10620:
10617:
10615:
10612:
10610:
10607:
10605:
10602:
10600:
10597:
10595:
10592:
10590:
10587:
10585:
10582:
10580:
10577:
10575:
10572:
10570:
10567:
10565:
10562:
10560:
10557:
10555:
10552:
10550:
10547:
10545:
10542:
10540:
10537:
10535:
10532:
10530:
10527:
10525:
10522:
10520:
10517:
10515:
10512:
10510:
10507:
10505:
10502:
10500:
10497:
10495:
10492:
10490:
10487:
10485:
10482:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10472:
10470:
10467:
10465:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10455:
10452:
10450:
10447:
10446:
10444:
10442:
10436:
10430:
10427:
10425:
10422:
10420:
10417:
10415:
10412:
10411:
10409:
10407:
10403:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10381:John of Γvila
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10344:
10342:
10339:
10337:
10334:
10332:
10329:
10327:
10324:
10322:
10319:
10317:
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10306:Leo the Great
10304:
10302:
10299:
10297:
10294:
10292:
10289:
10287:
10284:
10282:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10264:
10262:
10259:
10257:
10254:
10252:
10249:
10247:
10244:
10242:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10232:
10229:
10227:
10224:
10222:
10219:
10217:
10214:
10213:
10211:
10209:
10205:
10199:
10196:
10194:
10191:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10159:
10156:
10155:
10153:
10151:
10147:
10141:
10138:
10136:
10133:
10131:
10128:
10126:
10123:
10121:
10118:
10116:
10113:
10111:
10108:
10106:
10103:
10101:
10098:
10096:
10093:
10091:
10088:
10086:
10083:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10061:
10058:
10056:
10053:
10051:
10048:
10046:
10043:
10042:
10040:
10038:
10034:
10028:
10025:
10023:
10019:
10016:
10014:
10011:
10010:
10008:
10006:
10002:
9996:
9993:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9983:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9968:
9966:
9963:
9961:
9958:
9956:
9953:
9951:
9948:
9946:
9943:
9941:
9938:
9936:
9933:
9931:
9928:
9927:
9925:
9923:
9919:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9879:
9877:
9875:
9871:
9867:
9863:
9859:
9855:
9851:
9846:
9841:
9837:
9830:
9825:
9823:
9818:
9816:
9811:
9810:
9807:
9795:
9792:
9791:
9788:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9770:
9767:
9766:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9755:
9752:
9750:
9747:
9746:
9744:
9740:
9734:
9731:
9729:
9726:
9724:
9721:
9719:
9716:
9714:
9710:
9709:
9706:
9705:
9700:
9696:
9695:
9691:
9687:
9684:
9681:
9677:
9674:
9671:
9667:
9664:
9661:
9657:
9654:
9651:
9647:
9644:
9641:
9637:
9634:
9631:
9627:
9624:
9623:
9619:
9615:
9612:
9609:
9605:
9602:
9599:
9595:
9592:
9589:
9585:
9582:
9579:
9575:
9572:
9569:
9565:
9562:
9559:
9555:
9552:
9551:
9549:
9547:
9539:
9531:
9528:
9527:
9526:
9522:
9521:
9517:
9513:
9510:
9507:
9503:
9500:
9497:
9493:
9490:
9489:
9487:
9485:
9479:
9471:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9438:
9437:
9433:
9432:
9431:
9427:
9426:
9422:
9418:
9415:
9412:
9408:
9405:
9402:
9398:
9395:
9392:
9388:
9385:
9384:
9382:
9380:
9374:
9370:
9366:
9365:Seven virtues
9359:
9354:
9352:
9347:
9345:
9340:
9339:
9336:
9327:
9318:
9317:
9310:
9304:
9301:
9297:
9292:
9289:
9286:
9283:
9280:
9276:
9273:
9270:
9269:
9265:
9263:
9260:
9258:
9254:
9251:
9248:
9245:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9221:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9208:
9205:
9203:
9199:
9196:
9195:
9185:
9180:
9168:
9164:
9160:
9155:
9151:
9146:
9142:
9138:
9134:
9130:
9126:
9122:
9117:
9113:
9108:
9104:
9099:
9095:
9089:
9085:
9084:
9078:
9077:
9066:
9062:
9058:
9055:(in Polish).
9054:
9049:
9045:
9039:
9035:
9034:
9028:
9024:
9020:
9015:
9011:
9007:
9003:
8999:
8994:
8990:
8986:
8981:
8977:
8971:
8967:
8962:
8958:
8952:
8948:
8943:
8939:
8933:
8929:
8924:
8920:
8915:
8911:
8907:
8902:
8898:
8892:
8888:
8884:
8880:
8875:
8871:
8865:
8861:
8860:
8854:
8850:
8846:
8842:
8838:
8834:
8829:
8825:
8819:
8815:
8814:
8808:
8804:
8798:
8794:
8789:
8785:
8779:
8775:
8770:
8766:
8762:
8757:
8753:
8749:
8745:
8741:
8737:
8733:
8728:
8724:
8718:
8714:
8709:
8706:
8700:
8695:
8694:
8687:
8683:
8681:9780670802517
8677:
8673:
8668:
8664:
8658:
8654:
8653:
8647:
8643:
8637:
8633:
8629:
8625:
8621:
8620:
8614:
8610:
8604:
8601:. Routledge.
8600:
8595:
8591:
8585:
8581:
8576:
8573:
8567:
8563:
8558:
8554:
8547:
8541:
8537:
8533:
8529:
8525:
8524:
8518:
8513:
8509:
8505:
8501:
8497:
8493:
8489:
8485:
8484:
8479:
8475:
8471:
8465:
8461:
8460:
8454:
8450:
8444:
8440:
8439:
8433:
8429:
8428:
8422:
8416:
8412:
8406:
8402:
8398:
8394:
8389:
8385:
8379:
8375:
8370:
8366:
8360:
8356:
8355:
8349:
8345:
8339:
8335:
8330:
8326:
8320:
8316:
8315:
8309:
8305:
8300:
8296:
8290:
8286:
8281:
8277:
8271:
8267:
8262:
8258:
8254:
8250:
8244:
8240:
8236:
8232:
8231:
8225:
8221:
8216:
8212:
8206:
8202:
8201:Facts On File
8198:
8194:
8190:
8186:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8169:
8165:
8159:
8155:
8154:
8148:
8144:
8140:
8136:
8132:
8128:
8124:
8119:
8115:
8111:
8106:
8102:
8100:0-8078-3038-0
8096:
8092:
8091:
8085:
8081:
8077:
8073:
8069:
8065:
8061:
8060:
8054:
8050:
8044:
8040:
8035:
8031:
8025:
8021:
8017:
8013:
8009:
8004:
8000:
7996:
7992:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7975:
7971:
7965:
7961:
7956:
7952:
7946:
7942:
7937:
7933:
7929:
7925:
7921:
7916:
7912:
7908:
7904:
7900:
7896:
7892:
7887:
7883:
7877:
7873:
7868:
7864:
7858:
7854:
7849:
7845:
7839:
7835:
7830:
7826:
7820:
7816:
7811:
7807:
7803:
7799:
7795:
7791:
7787:
7782:
7779:
7775:
7774:
7769:
7768:"St. Ambrose"
7764:
7760:
7754:
7750:
7749:
7743:
7739:
7733:
7729:
7724:
7720:
7718:0-299-13340-0
7714:
7710:
7705:
7701:
7695:
7691:
7686:
7682:
7675:
7669:
7665:
7661:
7657:
7653:
7652:
7646:
7640:
7636:
7634:1-84171-634-0
7630:
7626:
7625:
7619:
7615:
7609:
7605:
7601:
7596:
7592:
7586:
7582:
7577:
7574:
7568:
7564:
7559:
7558:
7545:
7541:
7537:
7531:
7525:, archive.org
7524:
7519:
7513:, p. 56.
7512:
7507:
7505:
7497:
7492:
7485:
7480:
7474:, p. 60.
7473:
7468:
7466:
7449:
7445:
7439:
7432:
7431:McKinnon 2001
7427:
7412:
7408:
7402:
7395:
7390:
7384:, p. 11.
7383:
7378:
7376:
7368:
7363:
7361:
7353:
7348:
7341:
7336:
7329:
7328:McKinnon 2001
7324:
7322:
7320:
7318:
7316:
7314:
7306:
7305:Burnyeat 1997
7301:
7294:
7293:Gavrilov 1997
7289:
7281:
7277:
7270:
7263:
7258:
7251:
7245:
7243:
7227:
7226:
7218:
7212:
7208:
7207:De virginibus
7203:
7194:
7179:
7175:
7169:
7160:
7153:
7147:
7139:
7135:
7129:
7122:
7117:
7110:
7105:
7098:
7093:
7086:
7081:
7074:
7069:
7062:
7061:Davidson 1995
7057:
7050:
7045:
7038:
7037:Davidson 1995
7033:
7026:
7021:
7014:
7009:
7001:
7000:newadvent.org
6997:
6991:
6975:
6974:
6966:
6951:
6950:
6943:
6927:
6923:
6916:
6914:
6905:
6898:
6890:
6883:
6876:
6871:
6864:
6859:
6852:
6847:
6840:
6835:
6829:, p. 77.
6828:
6823:
6817:doc. 8, 9β10.
6814:
6808:
6804:
6797:
6788:
6782:
6778:
6771:
6764:
6759:
6753:, p. 76.
6752:
6747:
6738:
6731:
6730:Sheridan 1966
6726:
6720:, p. 69.
6719:
6714:
6708:
6704:
6703:Trombley 2001
6700:
6699:Trombley 2001
6695:
6688:
6683:
6676:
6671:
6664:
6659:
6644:
6638:
6634:
6630:
6626:
6622:
6615:
6608:
6603:
6596:
6591:
6585:, p. 31.
6584:
6579:
6573:, p. 30.
6572:
6567:
6561:, p. 26.
6560:
6555:
6548:
6543:
6537:, p. 29.
6536:
6531:
6529:
6521:
6516:
6509:
6504:
6497:
6492:
6486:, p. 28.
6485:
6480:
6478:
6476:
6469:, p. 41.
6468:
6463:
6457:, p. 27.
6456:
6451:
6445:, p. 23.
6444:
6439:
6437:
6429:
6424:
6422:
6415:, p. 88.
6414:
6409:
6407:
6400:, p. 80.
6399:
6394:
6387:
6382:
6375:
6370:
6363:
6358:
6351:
6346:
6339:
6334:
6327:
6322:
6315:
6310:
6303:
6298:
6291:
6290:Davidson 1995
6286:
6279:
6274:
6267:
6262:
6255:
6250:
6243:
6238:
6231:
6226:
6219:
6214:
6212:
6203:
6197:
6193:
6192:
6185:
6170:
6166:
6160:
6153:
6148:
6133:
6129:
6123:
6116:
6111:
6104:
6099:
6093:, p. 74.
6092:
6087:
6080:
6075:
6068:
6063:
6056:
6051:
6044:
6039:
6032:
6027:
6025:
6017:
6012:
6005:
6004:Washburn 2006
6000:
5993:
5988:
5981:
5976:
5969:
5968:Moorhead 2014
5964:
5957:
5952:
5945:
5940:
5933:
5928:
5926:
5918:
5913:
5906:
5901:
5894:
5889:
5882:
5877:
5870:
5865:
5858:
5853:
5846:
5841:
5835:, p. 64.
5834:
5829:
5822:
5817:
5811:, p. 17.
5810:
5805:
5798:
5793:
5787:, p. 73.
5786:
5781:
5775:, p. 82.
5774:
5769:
5762:
5757:
5750:
5745:
5743:
5735:
5730:
5723:
5718:
5711:
5706:
5699:
5694:
5687:
5682:
5675:
5670:
5663:
5658:
5652:, p. 80.
5651:
5646:
5639:
5634:
5632:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5618:
5610:
5605:
5603:
5595:
5590:
5583:
5578:
5571:
5566:
5560:, p. 68.
5559:
5554:
5552:
5545:, p. 50.
5544:
5539:
5532:
5527:
5520:
5515:
5508:
5503:
5497:, p. 91.
5496:
5491:
5485:, p. 98.
5484:
5479:
5473:, p. 90.
5472:
5467:
5465:
5457:
5452:
5445:
5440:
5434:, p. 80.
5433:
5428:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5414:
5409:
5402:
5397:
5391:, p. xv.
5390:
5385:
5379:, p. 79.
5378:
5373:
5366:
5361:
5354:
5349:
5342:
5337:
5331:, p. 37.
5330:
5325:
5323:
5315:
5310:
5303:
5298:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5282:
5277:
5271:, p. 33.
5270:
5265:
5259:, p. 57.
5258:
5253:
5246:
5241:
5234:
5229:
5222:
5218:
5216:9780879072360
5212:
5208:
5207:
5199:
5191:
5190:
5185:
5179:
5178:public domain
5168:
5162:, p. 49.
5161:
5156:
5149:
5144:
5142:
5133:
5132:
5125:
5119:, p. 52.
5118:
5113:
5111:
5103:
5098:
5092:, p. 50.
5091:
5086:
5079:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5068:
5061:, p. 15.
5060:
5059:Thornton 1879
5055:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5015:
5008:
5002:, p. 46.
5001:
4996:
4989:
4984:
4977:
4972:
4965:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4948:
4943:
4936:
4931:
4924:
4923:Loughlin 1907
4919:
4917:
4910:, p. 44.
4909:
4904:
4897:
4892:
4885:
4880:
4874:, p. ix.
4873:
4868:
4861:
4856:
4849:
4848:McKinnon 2001
4844:
4837:
4832:
4826:, p. 16.
4825:
4820:
4813:
4808:
4806:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4776:
4762:
4758:
4752:
4742:
4732:
4722:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4684:
4678:
4670:
4666:
4665:Sant Ambroeus
4662:
4657:
4653:
4652:Sant'Ambrogio
4649:
4644:
4640:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4569:
4568:Saints portal
4558:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4544:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4387:1964, Vol. 79
4386:
4382:
4379:
4377:1962, Vol. 78
4376:
4372:
4369:
4367:1955, Vol. 73
4366:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4345:M. Petschenig
4342:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4243:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4210:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4189:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4124:
4123:
4115:, 16.1049β53)
4114:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4098:, 22.307β332)
4097:
4093:
4089:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4069:, 73.327β67;
4068:
4064:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4048:, 22.161β259)
4047:
4043:
4039:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4015:
4012:(fragmented;
4009:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3982:, 73.117β206)
3981:
3977:
3971:
3970:On Repentance
3967:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3949:, 44.269β328)
3948:
3945:, 73.13β116;
3944:
3941:, 16.435β82;
3940:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3900:, 79.223β81;
3899:
3896:, 16.853β84;
3895:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3875:, 79.15β222;
3874:
3870:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3834:
3825:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3792:, 16.279β316)
3791:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3751:De virginibus
3748:
3745:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3730:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3633:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3617:, 65.329β420)
3616:
3612:
3609:, 14.835β90;
3608:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3553:
3550:, 14.731β64;
3549:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3532:
3528:
3525:, 14.707β28;
3524:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3508:, 65.187β237)
3507:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3479:, 32.2.3β70;
3478:
3475:, 14.627β70;
3474:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3458:, 65.281β323)
3457:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3432:
3428:
3425:, 14.567β96;
3424:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3403:
3400:, 14.527β60;
3399:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3341:, 42.359β437)
3340:
3336:
3333:, 14.333β80;
3332:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3316:, 42.287β356)
3315:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3172:
3161:
3157:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3133:based on the
3132:
3128:
3127:Stained-glass
3124:
3118:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3015:
3013:
3006:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:Mother of God
2904:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2869:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2848:
2842:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2830:apokatastasis
2827:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2772:
2770:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2676:
2671:
2669:
2664:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2647:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
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2454:
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2427:
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2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
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2359:
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2349:
2347:
2344:
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2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2306:Chateaubriand
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2250:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2171:Gundissalinus
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2061:
2060:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1877:Scholasticism
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1867:Ressourcement
1865:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1803:Compatibilism
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1749:Conceptualism
1747:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:Virtue ethics
1722:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1406:tour de force
1403:
1399:
1398:Song of Songs
1389:
1385:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1317:and his son,
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1301:In April 393
1295:
1286:
1284:
1281:had all been
1280:
1272:
1261:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1236:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1008:
997:
995:
991:
987:
984:
974:
970:
967:
963:
959:
955:
950:
944:
940:
929:
925:
921:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
893:
891:
887:
882:
880:
876:
872:
867:
862:
860:
856:
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
806:
805:Pope Liberius
802:
799:, who made a
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
754:
752:
751:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
707:
699:
695:
689:
684:
680:
676:
667:
665:
660:
652:
648:
641:
636:
629:
624:
617:
612:
611:
609:
599:
597:
594:of Milan and
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
514:
512:
506:
501:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:Saint Ambrose
465:
461:
457:
448:
444:
441:
437:
435:Notable ideas
433:
430:
426:
423:
419:
416:
413:
409:
406:
405:Patristic Age
403:
399:
396:
392:
385:
382:
377:
372:
371:
367:
364:
361:
360:
358:
352:
349:
344:
341:
338:
334:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
307:
303:
296:
292:
288:
285:
282:
278:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
234:
230:
226:
223:
220:Crypt of the
219:
215:
211:
207:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
167:
163:
158:
154:
150:
145:
142:
139:
135:
132:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
94:
90:
86:
75:
69:
64:
61:
57:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
13584:Titular sees
13536:
13529:
13522:
13501:Hereford Use
13478:African Rite
13408:Anglican Use
13281:
13100:Great Church
12947:
12904:Latin Church
12831:Angelo Scola
12793:Eugenio Tosi
12751:sede vacante
12750:
12691:Cesare Monti
12656:sede vacante
12655:
12515:
12225:Genoa period
12103:
12099:$ (355β374)
12084:Eustorgius I
12050:sede vacante
12049:
12037:Castricianus
12031:sede vacante
12030:
11834:Rose of Lima
11328:John Paul II
11158:Anastasius I
11128:Adeodatus II
11102:
10977:Missionaries
10887:Peter Chanel
10872:Γscar Romero
10767:Lorenzo Ruiz
10742:Great Martyr
10458:
10311:Peter Damian
10220:
10120:Peter Claver
9850:canonization
9781:Hamartiology
9776:Old Covenant
9769:Original sin
9718:John Cassian
9704:Psychomachia
9702:
9689:
9679:
9669:
9659:
9649:
9639:
9629:
9617:
9607:
9597:
9587:
9577:
9567:
9557:
9515:
9505:
9495:
9449:
9434:
9420:
9410:
9400:
9390:
9314:
9267:
9256:
9183:
9171:. Retrieved
9158:
9149:
9124:
9120:
9111:
9102:
9082:
9056:
9052:
9032:
9022:
9001:
8997:
8988:
8984:
8965:
8946:
8927:
8918:
8886:
8883:Misericordia
8882:
8878:
8858:
8840:
8836:
8812:
8792:
8773:
8764:
8760:
8735:
8731:
8712:
8692:
8671:
8651:
8618:
8598:
8579:
8561:
8521:
8487:
8481:
8458:
8437:
8425:
8392:
8373:
8353:
8333:
8313:
8303:
8284:
8265:
8229:
8219:
8199:. New York:
8196:
8182:
8152:
8129:(1): 56β73.
8126:
8122:
8113:
8109:
8089:
8063:
8057:
8038:
8007:
7982:
7978:
7959:
7940:
7923:
7919:
7894:
7890:
7871:
7852:
7833:
7814:
7792:(1): 74β76.
7789:
7785:
7771:
7747:
7727:
7708:
7689:
7649:
7623:
7603:
7580:
7562:
7539:
7535:
7530:
7518:
7491:
7479:
7452:. Retrieved
7447:
7438:
7433:, Β§ para. 2.
7426:
7414:. Retrieved
7410:
7401:
7389:
7367:Boynton 2001
7354:, p. 1.
7347:
7335:
7330:, Β§ para. 4.
7300:
7288:
7280:The Guardian
7279:
7269:
7257:
7249:
7230:, retrieved
7224:
7217:
7210:
7206:
7202:
7193:
7181:. Retrieved
7178:www.ccel.org
7177:
7168:
7159:
7146:
7138:the original
7128:
7116:
7104:
7092:
7080:
7068:
7056:
7044:
7032:
7020:
7008:
6999:
6990:
6978:, retrieved
6972:
6965:
6954:, retrieved
6948:
6942:
6930:. Retrieved
6925:
6903:
6897:
6888:
6882:
6875:Cameron 2011
6870:
6858:
6846:
6839:Salzman 2006
6834:
6822:
6802:
6796:
6776:
6770:
6758:
6746:
6737:
6725:
6713:
6706:
6694:
6687:Cameron 1991
6682:
6677:, p. 7.
6670:
6658:
6646:. Retrieved
6624:
6614:
6602:
6595:Salzman 1993
6590:
6583:Elliott 2019
6578:
6571:Elliott 2019
6566:
6559:Elliott 2019
6554:
6547:Elliott 2019
6542:
6535:Elliott 2019
6515:
6503:
6491:
6484:Elliott 2019
6462:
6455:Elliott 2019
6450:
6443:Elliott 2019
6393:
6381:
6376:, p. 2.
6369:
6357:
6352:, p. 1.
6345:
6340:, p. 6.
6333:
6328:, p. 2.
6321:
6309:
6304:, p. 9.
6297:
6285:
6280:, p. 1.
6273:
6261:
6256:, p. 4.
6249:
6244:, p. 5.
6237:
6225:
6190:
6184:
6172:. Retrieved
6168:
6159:
6152:Norwich 1989
6147:
6135:. Retrieved
6131:
6122:
6110:
6105:, chapter 8.
6098:
6091:Cameron 2011
6086:
6074:
6062:
6055:Cameron 2011
6050:
6038:
6031:Cameron 2011
6011:
5999:
5987:
5980:Cameron 2011
5975:
5963:
5951:
5944:Cameron 2011
5939:
5912:
5900:
5888:
5876:
5864:
5852:
5840:
5828:
5821:Chesnut 1981
5816:
5804:
5792:
5780:
5768:
5756:
5729:
5717:
5705:
5693:
5681:
5669:
5657:
5645:
5589:
5577:
5565:
5538:
5526:
5514:
5502:
5490:
5478:
5451:
5439:
5408:
5403:, p. 2.
5396:
5384:
5372:
5360:
5348:
5336:
5309:
5283:, p. 5.
5276:
5264:
5252:
5240:
5235:, p. 2.
5228:
5220:
5205:
5198:
5187:
5167:
5155:
5150:, p. 6.
5130:
5124:
5097:
5085:
5054:
5021:
5017:
5007:
4995:
4983:
4971:
4942:
4930:
4903:
4891:
4879:
4867:
4862:, p. 5.
4855:
4843:
4831:
4819:
4792:. Retrieved
4779:
4755:Though both
4751:
4741:
4731:
4721:
4694:
4686:
4683:Vit. Ambr. 3
4682:
4677:
4643:
4623:Henry Becher
4541:
4539:
4533:
4527:
4521:
4515:
4509:
4503:
4497:
4491:
4485:
4479:
4473:
4467:
4461:
4455:
4452:S. Ambrosii
4451:
4445:
4442:S. Ambrosii
4441:
4435:
4432:S. Ambrosii
4431:
4425:
4419:
4390:
4380:
4370:
4360:
4354:
4340:
4334:
4328:
4317: β ed.
4314:
4288:
4268:
4233:
4215:
4196:
4161:
4147:
4138:
4106:
4102:
4081:
4077:
4073:, 22.265β99)
4056:
4052:
4031:
4027:
4007:
4003:
3999:, 16.847β50)
3990:
3986:
3969:
3965:
3957:
3954:De mysteriis
3953:
3932:
3928:
3912:
3908:
3904:, 44.219β62)
3887:
3883:
3879:, 44.35β214)
3862:
3858:
3842:On the Faith
3841:
3837:
3826:, 16.351β80)
3817:
3813:
3809:, 16.319β43)
3800:
3796:
3784:On Virginity
3783:
3779:
3775:, 16.247β76)
3766:
3762:
3754:
3750:
3746:, 16.25β194)
3737:
3733:
3705:
3701:
3688:
3684:
3667:
3663:
3646:
3642:
3625:
3621:
3600:
3596:
3579:
3575:
3562:
3558:
3541:
3537:
3533:, 65.243β75)
3516:
3512:
3491:
3487:
3483:, 65.119β84)
3466:
3462:
3441:
3437:
3433:, 65.70β113)
3416:
3412:
3391:
3387:
3370:
3366:
3349:
3345:
3324:
3320:
3299:
3295:
3274:
3261:
3247:
3244:De mysteriis
3243:
3236:divine grace
3211:
3199:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3176:
3159:
3084:
3060:
3056:
3042:
3008:
3003:
2995:
2990:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2943:
2927:
2888:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2844:
2839:
2836:, it reads:
2819:
2813:
2811:
2799:
2794:
2778:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2722:
2684:
2546:John Paul II
2471:Benedict XVI
2444:Contemporary
1940:
1924:Philosophers
1845:Cartesianism
1788:Quinque Viae
1577:Theodosius I
1574:
1570:
1565:
1554:Roman Senate
1542:
1538:
1503:
1493:
1489:
1472:Theodosius I
1469:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1423:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1382:
1354:
1338:Roman Empire
1335:
1315:Theodosius I
1306:
1300:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1232:
1217:
1209:
1175:
1166:
1164:
1148:
1128:
1117:
1113:
1105:
1093:
1074:
1067:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1026:
1022:
1003:
994:Theodosius I
980:
971:
951:
943:Theodosius I
917:
899:
883:
863:
852:
809:
792:
776:
774:
755:
748:
703:
656:
592:patron saint
562:
530:Theodosius I
515:
498:
490:
474:
455:
454:
394:
383:
369:
362:
355:Notable work
347:
323:stone masons
315:Commissariat
301:
249:Venerated in
228:Denomination
189:Roman Empire
152:Consecration
40:
13651:340s births
13564:Latin cross
13531:Missa sicca
13496:Durham Rite
13491:Celtic Rite
13046:(1555β1663)
13034:(1524β1963)
13032:West Indies
13028:(1204β1964)
13022:(1098β1964)
13016:(1276β1964)
12983:Rui ValΓ©rio
12970:East Indies
12833:(2011β2017)
12827:(2002β2011)
12815:(1963β1979)
12802:(1929β1954)
12795:(1922β1929)
12783:(1894β1921)
12776:(1867β1893)
12770:(1859β1867)
12764:(1847β1859)
12758:(1818β1846)
12747:(1802β1810)
12741:(1784β1801)
12735:(1743β1783)
12729:(1737β1742)
12723:(1712β1737)
12717:(1699β1712)
12711:(1693β1699)
12705:(1681β1693)
12699:(1652β1679)
12693:(1632β1650)
12687:(1595β1631)
12681:(1584β1595)
12675:(1564β1584)
12652:(1556β1558)
12643:(1520β1550)
12637:(1497β1520)
12628:(1488β1497)
12622:(1484β1488)
12616:(1461β1484)
12607:(1454β1457)
12580:(1402β1410)
12565:(1354β1361)
12559:(1342β1354)
12550:(1308β1317)
12538:(1262β1295)
12526:(1213β1230)
12491:(1166β1176)
12478:(1126β1135)
12469:(1112β1120)
12463:(1102β1112)
12457:(1097β1101)
12451:(1093β1097)
12449:Arnolfo III
12445:(1086β1093)
12439:(1075β1080)
12427:(1070β1075)
12421:(1045β1069)
12415:(1018β1045)
12395:Gotofredo I
12257:Middle Ages
12181:Theodorus I
12132:Martinianus
12003:Ancient age
11794:Joan of Arc
11724:Γthelthryth
11641:Melchizedek
11503:Telesphorus
11493:Sylvester I
11378:Marcellus I
11373:Marcellinus
11293:Gregory VII
11288:Gregory III
11203:Celestine V
11198:Celestine I
11193:Callixtus I
11183:Boniface IV
11173:Benedict II
11148:Alexander I
11123:Adeodatus I
10942:Ulma Family
10932:Thomas More
10782:Martyrology
10757:John Fisher
10406:Evangelists
10286:Bonaventure
9940:Bartholomew
9874:Virgin Mary
9759:Eschatology
9568:Temperantia
9421:Temperantia
9262:Opera Omnia
9059:: 177β187.
9019:Albu, Emily
8862:. OUP USA.
8441:. Penguin.
7776:. Chicago:
7554:Works cited
7511:Ramsey 2002
7496:Ramsey 2002
7484:Paredi 1964
7472:Ramsey 2002
7394:Dunkle 2016
7382:Dunkle 2016
7352:Dunkle 2016
7250:Confessions
7248:Augustine.
6980:24 February
6952:, Tentmaker
6863:McLynn 1994
6520:McLynn 1994
6374:Ramsey 2002
6338:Ramsey 2002
6314:Ramsey 2002
6302:Ramsey 2002
6278:Ramsey 2002
6266:Ramsey 2002
6115:McLynn 1994
6103:Hebblewhite
6016:McLynn 1994
5932:McLynn 1994
5905:McLynn 1994
5893:Curran 1998
5869:McLynn 1994
5833:Herrin 1987
5773:Hebblewhite
5734:McLynn 1994
5722:McLynn 1994
5710:McLynn 1994
5698:Verlag 1976
5638:Grieve 1911
5570:McLynn 1994
5531:McLynn 1994
5519:McLynn 1994
5507:McLynn 1994
5495:McLynn 1994
5483:McLynn 1994
5471:McLynn 1994
5456:McLynn 1994
5444:McLynn 1994
5432:McLynn 1994
5413:McLynn 1994
5377:McLynn 1994
5365:Ramsey 2002
5353:Ramsey 2002
5341:Ramsey 2002
5314:Ramsey 2002
5302:Butler 1991
5245:Butler 1991
5184:St. Ambrose
5131:Santi Beati
5090:Barnes 2011
5078:Grieve 1911
4976:Barnes 2011
4947:Paredi 1964
4896:Paredi 1964
4884:Ramsey 2002
4872:Ramsey 2002
4824:Guiley 2001
4761:Ramsey 2002
4757:Paredi 1964
4701:Manichaeans
4522:De officiis
4434:De Nabuthae
4398:Otto Faller
4394:Otto Faller
4385:Otto Faller
4375:Otto Faller
4365:Otto Faller
4234:Opera omnia
4170:edition of
4109:]. 386.
3865:]. 381.
3786:]. 378.
3769:]. 377.
3757:]. 377.
3722:, 14.1β400)
3697:, 14.405β8)
3628:]. 387.
3571:, 32.2.469)
3565:]. 389.
3559:De Nabuthae
3519:]. 391.
3419:]. 390.
3408:, 65.9β65.)
3300:On Paradise
3296:De paradiso
3291:, 42.3β283)
3266: [
3226:he follows
3220:Alexandrian
3204: [
3185:(377β391),
3179:De paradiso
3045:hymnography
3005:read aloud.
2997:Confessions
2993:Augustine's
2985:Confessions
2981:Confessions
2975:Confessions
2920:worshipped.
2868:De Officiis
2856:fallen away
2824:but rather
2775:Eschatology
2710:theological
2361:Malebranche
2221:Roscellinus
2166:Grosseteste
2126:Bonaventure
1946:Athenagoras
1742:Metaphysics
1702:Personalism
1697:Natural law
1692:Probabilism
1431: 1500
1402:De Officiis
1371:and in the
1355:Ambrose is
1283:semi-Arians
1271:Constantius
1260:Constantine
1205:antisemitic
1197: [
913:Christology
686: [
503: [
374: [
319:gingerbread
201:(397-04-04)
199:4 April 397
127:Predecessor
122:4 April 397
18:St. Ambrose
13656:397 deaths
13640:Categories
13385:Roman Rite
13266:Tertullian
13165:Vatican II
13052:(560β1451)
13040:(560β1751)
13014:Alexandria
12665:Modern age
12461:Grosolanus
12409:(998β1018)
12204:(518β530?)
12188:Lawrence I
12111:Simplician
12086:(343β349?)
12079:(328β343?)
12072:(316β328?)
12065:(313β316?)
12058:(283β313?)
12044:Calimerius
11528:Zephyrinus
11488:Stephen IV
11473:Sixtus III
11453:Simplicius
11398:Nicholas I
11323:John XXIII
11313:Innocent I
11283:Gregory II
11273:Gelasius I
11178:Boniface I
11138:Agapetus I
11133:Adrian III
11104:Matriarchs
11045:Patriarchs
10664:Zephyrinus
10037:Confessors
10005:Archangels
9897:Assumption
9848:Stages of
9699:Prudentius
9588:Diligentia
9564:Temperance
9417:Temperance
9326:Simplician
9173:8 December
8526:. Oxford:
8010:. Oxford:
7654:. Oxford:
7232:8 December
7121:Smith 2021
7109:Brown 2012
7085:Brown 2012
7073:Smith 2021
7049:Smith 2021
7025:Kelly 2000
6956:5 December
6932:8 December
6428:Brown 2012
6413:Kempf 1980
6398:Brown 2003
6386:Smith 2021
6362:Brown 2012
6350:Smith 2021
6326:Smith 2021
6218:Smith 2021
5956:Brown 1992
5543:Trout 1999
4860:Smith 2021
4812:Brown 2021
4705:Photinians
4630:References
4516:On Abraham
4319:C. Schenkl
4172:du Frische
4125:91 letters
3924:, 73.1β12)
3755:On Virgins
3371:On Abraham
3367:De Abraham
3167: 900
3145:), 1956β59
3137:about the
3129:window by
2962:Athanasius
2946:Simplician
2826:rhetorical
2741:Ciceronian
2733:asceticism
2729:sacerdotal
2720:subjects.
2541:Hildebrand
2481:Chesterton
2346:La Mennais
2276:Bellarmine
2271:Azpilcueta
2216:Paschasius
2096:Autrecourt
2051:Tertullian
2011:Chrysostom
1951:Athanasius
1833:Victorines
1764:Nominalism
1672:Just price
1505:Hexaemeron
1361:Roman Rite
1357:remembered
1342:Simplician
1233:After the
1159:See also:
1155:Theodosius
1018: 450
1016: β c.
1014: 400
958:Singidunum
890:prefecture
886:Marcellina
859:succession
812:literature
797:Marcellina
670:Early life
659:the empire
606:See also:
596:beekeepers
538:antiphonal
495:exegetical
471: 339
295:beekeepers
293:Milan and
244:7 December
206:Mediolanum
176: 339
141:Simplician
119:Term ended
106:Mediolanum
96:Mediolanum
81: 380
13506:Sarum Use
13413:Zaire Use
13160:Vatican I
12961:Jerusalem
12403:(980β998)
12397:(974β979)
12391:(970β974)
12370:(918β921)
12364:(906β918)
12352:(882β896)
12346:(868β881)
12337:(824β859)
12304:(746β747)
12294:(685β732)
12287:(676β685)
12285:Mansuetus
12280:(671β676)
12267:(641β669)
12211:(530β552)
12197:(512β518)
12190:(490β512)
12183:(475β490)
12176:(472β475)
12169:(465β472)
12162:(462β465)
12160:Gerontius
12155:(449β462)
12148:(438β449)
12141:(436β438)
12139:Glycerius
12134:(423β435)
12127:(408β423)
12120:(400β408)
12113:(397β400)
12106:(374β397)
12097:Auxentius
12093:(349β355)
12091:Dionysius
12077:Protasius
12046:(138β191)
12018:Anathalon
11784:Genevieve
11691:Zephaniah
11498:Symmachus
11483:Stephen I
11468:Sixtus II
11448:Silverius
11443:Sergius I
11403:Paschal I
11393:Miltiades
11303:Hormisdas
11278:Gregory I
11263:Felix III
11248:Evaristus
11243:Eutychian
11228:Eleuterus
11223:Dionysius
11218:Damasus I
11213:Cornelius
11208:Clement I
11153:Anacletus
10897:Philomena
10544:Dionysius
10519:Damasus I
10464:Anatolius
10150:Disciples
10085:Homobonus
10045:Anatolius
9858:Venerable
9618:Humilitas
9608:Patientia
9598:Humanitas
9584:Diligence
9523:Sources:
9439:, Book IV
9428:Sources:
9411:Fortitudo
9407:Fortitude
9391:Prudentia
9309:Auxentius
9167:"Ambrose"
9141:162747415
9065:1730-3788
8744:0018-2311
8555:required)
8517:"Ambrose"
8257:213344890
8080:159619838
7683:required)
7454:8 January
7282:. London.
5797:SΓ‘ry 2019
5785:SΓ‘ry 2019
5281:Kaye 1853
5269:Kaye 1853
5038:0042-6032
5024:(1): 76.
4794:8 January
4771:Citations
4709:Eunomians
4406:M. Zelzer
4402:M. Zelzer
4349:M. Zelzer
4242:cite book
4176:Le Nourry
4016:, 11.131)
3767:On Widows
3763:De viduis
3580:On Tobias
3563:On Naboth
3492:On Joseph
3488:De Joseph
2970:Augustine
2950:presbyter
2940:Augustine
2903:virginity
2885:Mariology
2879:socialism
2875:communism
2806:purgatory
2753:De viduis
2718:doctrinal
2687:Augustine
2561:MacIntyre
2521:GutiΓ©rrez
2491:Copleston
2461:Balthasar
2316:Descartes
2176:Hildegard
2161:Gregory I
2136:Catherine
2086:Alexander
2036:Dionysius
1956:Augustine
1909:Salamanca
1783:Haecceity
1687:Casuistry
1480:Euphrates
1476:synagogue
1379:Character
1248:Theodoret
747:, in the
709:Christian
429:mariology
380:(386β390)
365:(377β391)
317:, geese,
311:chandlers
290:Patronage
241:Feast day
236:Sainthood
231:Christian
137:Successor
131:Auxentius
111:Installed
13625:Category
13557:See also
13511:York Use
13487:British
13326:Language
13234:Barnabas
13205:Syracuse
13140:Humanism
13125:Crusades
13044:Ethiopia
13038:Aquileia
13010:(?β1964)
13008:Carthage
12949:cathedra
12389:Arnulf I
12292:Benedict
12278:Ampelius
12167:Benignus
12153:Eusebius
12118:Venerius
12070:Maternus
12063:Mirocles
12039:(97β138)
12011:Barnabas
11868:See also
11769:Euphemia
11606:Jeremiah
11586:Habakkuk
11543:Prophets
11518:Vitalian
11513:Victor I
11463:Sixtus I
11458:Siricius
11388:Martin I
11368:Lucius I
11333:Julius I
11298:Hilarius
11268:Felix IV
11238:Eusebius
11233:Eugene I
11163:Anicetus
11035:Remigius
10990:Boniface
10396:Irenaeus
10178:Silvanus
10125:Salonius
9970:Matthias
9935:Barnabas
9922:Apostles
9711:People:
9697:Source:
9690:Superbia
9650:Avaritia
9636:Gluttony
9614:Humility
9604:Patience
9594:Kindness
9558:Castitas
9554:Chastity
9436:Republic
9401:Iustitia
9387:Prudence
9320:374β397
9220:LibriVox
8879:Societas
8514:(2001).
8195:(2001).
6467:Lee 2013
6174:27 March
5662:CAH 1998
4713:Donatism
4554:See also
4454:De Tobia
4323:In Latin
4295:. 1953.
4160:for his
4158:Baronius
4154:Sixtus V
4130:Editions
3718:, 32.4;
3576:De Tobia
3263:Exameron
3255:Exegesis
3216:exegesis
3200:Exameron
3151:Writings
2930:celibacy
2899:Leo XIII
2895:Siricius
2725:doctrine
2714:biblical
2576:Maritain
2551:Lonergan
2531:Guardini
2456:Anscombe
2431:Caramuel
2341:Krasicki
2336:KoΕΕΔ
taj
2291:Brentano
2151:Eriugena
2116:Berengar
2064:Medieval
2016:Climacus
1996:Irenaeus
1966:Boethius
1961:Benedict
1904:Analytic
1872:Occamism
1862:Molinism
1840:Llullism
1769:Quiddity
1677:Just war
1605:a series
1603:Part of
1587:Theology
1581:Eugenius
1523:Josephus
1510:Eusebius
1487:bishop.
1319:Honorius
1311:Eugenius
1303:Arbogast
1190:Arianism
1186:catholic
1100:Basilica
1054:Ausonius
966:Aquileia
896:Arianism
871:theology
835:province
831:governor
820:rhetoric
766:beehives
745:Constans
683:Vuolvino
588:Lutheran
499:Exameron
487:paganism
483:Arianism
370:Exameron
13646:Aurelii
13613:* also
13471:Defunct
13363:Current
13282:Ambrose
13271:Cyprian
13110:Vulgate
13065:History
13020:Antioch
13001:Defunct
12944:Francis
12926:Current
12344:Anspert
12302:Natalis
12174:Senator
12146:Lazarus
12125:Marolus
12104:Ambrose
12027:(63β85)
12020:(53β63)
12013:(50β55)
11829:Rosalia
11754:Cecilia
11701:Virgins
11661:Obadiah
11636:Malachi
11581:Ezekiel
11533:Zosimus
11523:Zachary
11508:Urban I
11438:Pontian
11413:Paul VI
11348:Leo III
11308:Hyginus
11258:Felix I
11168:Anterus
11098:Solomon
11063:Abraham
10907:Stephen
10674:Martyrs
10441:Fathers
10414:Matthew
10221:Ambrose
10188:Timothy
10183:Stephen
10158:Apollos
10065:Dominic
10027:Raphael
10020:
10018:Michael
10013:Gabriel
9965:Matthew
9862:Blessed
9680:Invidia
9630:Luxuria
9578:Caritas
9574:Charity
9516:Caritas
9450:Ambrose
9397:Justice
9281:website
9277:at the
9253:Ambrose
9209:at the
9010:4435500
8910:2779265
8752:4436297
8713:Ambrose
8181:(ed.).
7999:1583823
7932:4173143
7911:1583142
7416:14 June
7183:10 June
7154:64, 139
6663:Bayliss
6648:19 June
6137:10 June
5180::
5046:1583516
4789:Artstor
4661:Lombard
4648:Italian
4548:Brepols
4468:Letters
4413:English
4301:1565173
4293:Brepols
4281:8110481
4224:. 1866.
4168:Maurist
4150:Erasmus
4143:Erasmus
4021:Sermons
3838:De fide
3350:On Noah
3104:Te Deum
3087:stanzas
2891:Damasus
2586:Mounier
2581:McLuhan
2536:Haldane
2476:Blondel
2426:Vitoria
2401:Rosmini
2376:Mercado
2371:Meinong
2366:Mariana
2356:Maistre
2351:Liguori
2331:GraciΓ‘n
2326:FΓ©nelon
2321:Erasmus
2301:Cajetan
2286:Bossuet
2261:Arnauld
2241:Thierry
2196:Lombard
2186:Isidore
2146:Eckhart
2131:Buridan
2121:Bernard
2101:Aquinas
2071:Abelard
2031:Maximus
2006:Cassian
1976:Cyprian
1971:Clement
1941:Ambrose
1934:Ancient
1899:Thomism
1894:Scotism
1822:Schools
1773:essence
1754:Realism
1642:Aquinas
1452:Epistle
1363:of the
1277:), and
1167:De Fide
1070:Justina
1047:De Fide
1043:De Fide
1034:Sirmium
1007:Sozomen
1000:Gratian
986:Gratian
928:Gratian
924:Eastern
920:Western
909:the Son
875:Gratian
853:In 374
839:Liguria
833:of the
789:Satyrus
785:Soteris
696:in the
574:by the
546:Te Deum
526:Liguria
522:Aemilia
336:Shrines
327:Bologna
98:(Milan)
92:Diocese
13579:Turkey
13574:Latins
13425:Orders
13293:Jerome
12988:Venice
12979:Lisbon
12946:(with
12425:Attone
12362:Aicone
12209:Dacius
12202:Magnus
11676:Simeon
11666:Samuel
11601:Isaiah
11591:Haggai
11576:Elijah
11551:Agabus
11433:Pius X
11428:Pius V
11423:Pius I
11408:Paul I
11358:Leo IX
11353:Leo IV
11343:Leo II
11318:John I
11253:Fabian
11143:Agatho
11078:Joseph
10439:Church
10231:Jerome
9995:Thomas
9985:Philip
9930:Andrew
9660:Acedia
9543:versus
9445:Cicero
9139:
9090:
9063:
9040:
9008:
8972:
8953:
8934:
8908:
8893:
8866:
8820:
8799:
8780:
8750:
8742:
8719:
8701:
8678:
8659:
8638:
8605:
8586:
8568:
8542:
8504:737286
8502:
8466:
8445:
8407:
8380:
8361:
8340:
8321:
8291:
8272:
8255:
8245:
8207:
8160:
8143:639597
8141:
8097:
8078:
8045:
8026:
7997:
7966:
7947:
7930:
7909:
7878:
7859:
7840:
7821:
7806:639598
7804:
7755:
7734:
7715:
7696:
7670:
7631:
7610:
7587:
7569:
6809:
6783:
6639:
6198:
5213:
5044:
5036:
4383:β ed.
4373:β ed.
4363:β ed.
4343:β ed.
4299:
4279:
4120:Others
4059:].
4010:].
3993:].
3960:].
3915:].
3691:].
3649:].
3346:De Noe
3061:oeuvre
3032:London
2964:, and
2958:Origen
2852:sinned
2785:Origen
2745:ethics
2706:Hilary
2693:, and
2691:Jerome
2606:Taylor
2596:Rahner
2591:Pieper
2571:Marion
2566:Marcel
2526:DΓ‘vila
2516:Girard
2511:Gilson
2496:Finnis
2486:Congar
2466:Barron
2416:SuΓ‘rez
2396:Pascal
2391:Newman
2381:Molina
2311:CortΓ©s
2296:Botero
2281:Bonald
2254:Modern
2236:Symeon
2226:Scotus
2211:Oresme
2206:Ockham
2201:Martin
2091:Anselm
2081:Alcuin
2076:Albert
2041:Origen
2026:Justin
2001:Jerome
1777:nature
1660:Ethics
1650:Ockham
1648:, and
1646:Scotus
1633:
1625:
1516:, and
1512:, the
1279:Valens
1171:Valens
1087:, the
1085:clergy
843:Emilia
818:, and
795:, and
679:Relief
217:Buried
210:Italia
147:Orders
114:374 AD
74:mosaic
13246:James
13229:Milan
13217:Malta
13210:Peter
13193:Peter
13050:Grado
12056:Monas
12025:Caius
11656:Nahum
11651:Moses
11646:Micah
11626:Jonah
11596:Hosea
11571:David
11478:Soter
11418:Peter
11363:Linus
11338:Leo I
11188:Caius
11115:Popes
11088:David
11073:Jacob
11068:Isaac
10484:Caius
10193:Titus
9990:Simon
9980:Peter
9866:Saint
9686:Pride
9666:Wrath
9656:Sloth
9646:Greed
9496:Fides
9492:Faith
9481:Three
9430:Plato
9137:S2CID
9006:JSTOR
8748:JSTOR
8500:JSTOR
8253:S2CID
8177:. In
8139:JSTOR
8076:S2CID
7995:JSTOR
7928:JSTOR
7907:JSTOR
7802:JSTOR
7544:JSTOR
5042:JSTOR
4635:Notes
4590:Milan
4309:Latin
4105:[
4080:[
4055:[
4030:[
4006:[
3989:[
3968:[
3956:[
3931:[
3911:[
3886:[
3861:[
3854:, 78)
3840:[
3816:[
3799:[
3782:[
3765:[
3753:[
3736:[
3704:[
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