Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia

491: 1519: 1044:, so this created a strong dynastic alliance of three families: the Kotromanić, the Šubić and the Nemanjić that strictly opposed Prince Nelipac's reign. The first to fall to Nelipac's hand were the Šubićs who were, despite constant help from Stephen II, were forced to sign a peace treaty with Nelipac and compensate him for the war. Charles Robert did not watch easily as his subjected lands were being war-torn. He was preparing to move to Croatia and depose Nelipac. Stephen II seized the opportunity and pushed against Nelipac, talking some of his lands for himself. 131: 2191: 1232:

spring of 1346 the Hungarian King arrived with his vast Royal Army of 100,000 men of whom more than 30,000 were cavalry and men-at-arms and 10,000 soldiers under Ban Stephen II arrived. The Venetians had attempted to bribe several Hungarian generals, including Ban Stephen II, who gave away the positions of the Hungarian troops for a handsome sum of money, thereby earning the nickname "Devil's Student". On 1 July 1346 a fierce clash occurred, which the Hungarian side eventually won only due to numerical superiority and achieved a

1170:, proposing an alliance. The Venetians wanted to act only if victory was certain, so they wanted another member in their alliance; their traditional ally, Serbia. The Serbian King was, unfortunately for the Venetians, busy with other matters. Venice was just waging war against Prince Nelipac, so it only agreed to arm and help build up Bosnia's military, but begged Stephen II not to move against Hungary without it. It became evident that the Venetians only wanted to push Ban Stephen II against Nelipac for additional support. 680: 2184: 22: 1178:

Stephen came leading his forces. A large 10,000 strong Army was amassed near Knin, and this was only the first wave as the main part of the Army was arriving headed by the Hungarian King himself. This time Princess Vladislava Nelipić had no choice but to accept demands. The Hungarian King planned the shape of his coastal territories in the new order that he would create. He annexed several cities from the

1360:. Dušan's forces easily defeated the scattered Bosnian squadrons and went on a campaign to slowly conquer Bosnia. Eventually, Bobovac was besieged, but Dušan failed to seize it which will prove detrimental to success of his campaign. But he proceeded by ordering his armies to raid Bosnia. After creating a strong foothold with forces in Bosnia, Dušan sent a portion of his army on raiding quests towards 1096: 1059:; but he realised that the neighboring Orthodox Christians might stand up to him if he moved against the Bosnian Church, their allies. In addition, Serbia wanted a reason to involve itself in a conflict, for its King desired revenge for the losses in the Bosnian war against the Serbs, so Ban Stephen abandoned the thought. Nevertheless, Stephen's diplomatic efforts convinced the 1216:. When it became evident that the Venetians were going to attack, Zadar asked Hungary directly to intervene. The Hungarian King ordered Ban Stephen II and Ban Nikola of Slavonia to move with their forces in assistance. The two Bans moved with their 10,000 man Army to Zadar, only to find out that the Venetians had constructed an improvised wooden fortification with 28 557:, this was useful to him for the time being, since he could then rule Bosnia uninterrupted without incursions from Dalmatia, and practically entirely by himself as Charles I would be too far away to watch his every move. Besides that, he also got a chance to expand his influence in Croatia. The decisive battle happened near Mladen's capital 1469:. She insisted immediately on bringing her to the Hungarian court for fosterage. Stephen was reluctant at first, but eventually dispatched Elizabeth. After three years of life at the Hungarian court, the King's mother invited Stephen to Hungary for the wedding. The Bosnian Ban became gravely ill and could not be present at the ceremony. 880:'s viceroy for Trebinje and coastal areas around Ston, whom Branivojević attacked and killed. The King Stefan had no desire to defend this family and their lands from Ban Stephen's forces claiming their past sins, but in reality he assessed Bosnians to strong for his forces. Bosnia controlled the coast from the border with Ragusa across 1177:

from Nelipac's widow Vladislava and her son Ivan. She attempted to negotiate help from Venice, but the Croatian nobility cut off the negotiations. The Hungarian King became impatient, so he commanded Ban Nikola to move to Knin immediately and ordered Ban Stephen II of Bosnia to send help at once. Ban

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Ban Stephen II played Venice and Hungary against each other, slowly ruling Bosnia more and more independently and soon initiated a conspiracy with some members of the Croatian and Hungarian nobility against his Hungarian liege. In 1346 Zadar finally returned to Venice, and the Hungarian King, seeing

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Both failed siege of Bubovac and attempt to catch up with Ban Stephen II eventually compelled Dušan to abandon Bosnia and order his troops to retreat. Ban Stephen II therefore won the war, even though he lost most of the battles. This encouraged the Ban to refuse all suggestions from Dušan to share

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and gave him the task of rooting out heresy in Bosnia. The Pope requested Stephen II's full assistance. In 1327 the Dominicans and Franciscans argued over who would be granted the task of burning the heretics. Although Fabian eventually took over the leadership over the movement, he utterly failed.

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195 Vjerojatnije je, da je prvoga i drugoga sina rodila grofica Ortenburška, a trećega i četvrtoga poljska knjeginja Elizabeta. Ova je rodila Stjepanu i kćer Jelisavu, buduću ženu kralja Ljudevita Velikoga.196 Stjepan II oženio se po treći put u lipnju 1335 (3). Ako je držao korotu za drugom ženom

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in the summer of 1325. Bosnian Ban Stephen II sent several squadrons to assist him in his offensive. In 1326, after taking Babonić family cities Mikac advanced deeper into Croatia, where he meet Stephen's reinforcements. The expedition eventually had little success, so Mikac sent a portion of his

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The Hungarian King was amassing forces for a new strike against the Venetian positions, but both parties had elected the new Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan to assist Ban Stephen II and form a mediation party to decide a truce between the two warring sides. Eventually, all agreements failed. In the

954:, wishing either more autonomy or total independence and the eventual restoration of the conquered territories to Serbia. He lost a battle against Ban Stephen II and was imprisoned and put in irons. Stephen had him thrown with his horse off a cliff. Peter survived for a full hour after the fall. 733:

Ivan Nelipić immediately pushed the fight against Ban Stephen II, and managed to capture city of Visuća, but Stephen's shrewd politics and willingness to bestow his nobility with privileges had paid off, as Vuk of Vukoslavić family had helped him to retake the city. Although Stephen's military

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lost all patience and eventually accepted the offer of Prince Nelipac of Croatia in 1337, who not only wanted to restore Bosnia under Croatian control, but also desired personal revenge on Stephen II Kotromanić for the past troubles that he had caused him. The still powerful Croatian

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and forts to defend against advancing invader. He planned the defense of Bosnia, splitting his forces enough to defend every possible entryway into his realm. His plan soon started to break, as Dušan was able to bribe several of Ban's most trusted servants who abandoned their posts.

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was greatly opposed to Stephen II's policy, accusing him of treason and the relations between the two Bans worsened ever afterwards. Bosnian Ban Stephen II's relations with Venice started to improve, as the Bosnian Bishop Peregreen was a notable Venetian member of the

600:, there was no more point in supporting him during the struggles for the Serbian throne, so he took Usora and Soli for himself. The hostility caused by this between Bosnia and Serbia would lead to Stephen II Kotromanić's war against Dečanski several years later. 1396:

and Stephen II's daughter Elizabeth. The peace treaty also required the giving of the Hum area to Stephen II, but as a land of the Nemanjić. Stephen II had better plans for his daughter, so he refused the agreement. Ban reasoned that a large multi-ethnic

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ruled autocratically by one man could not succeed. Politically and militarily savvy Ban, now proved himself foresighted too, as he will soon start witnessing first traces of Dušan's Empire demise, while he regained full control over his realm, Bosnia.

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Losing control over the conflict, Ban Stephen II retreated with his most trusted men to the most unreachable mountains of Bosnia. He no longer knew whom he could trust, so he regularly dismissed and recruited new men to serve him. His older daughter

931:. The Ban's horse was killed in the battle, and he would have lost his life if his vassal Vuk had not given him his own horse. By doing so, Vuk sacrificed his own life, and was killed by the Serbian troops in open battle. Thus the Ban managed to add 957:

The Ban's vassal that governed Hum started to raid Ragusa's trade routes, which worsened Bosnian-Ragusan relations that were very high during the conquest of Hum. To make matters worse, he (Ban's vassal) asked Ragusa to pay him the old traditional

714:(brother of Mladen II Šubić) against Nelipić, and, eventually, Bosnian Ban Stephen II himself. The movement wanted to return the Šubić to power in Croatia with Juraj II on the throne. When an all-out war broke out between the armies of Prince 1384:

Hum as joint rulers. Dušan forces that remained in Hum tried to keep at least this region, however Ban Stephen II soon launched a military campaign and reconquered all the territories that he had previously lost to Dušan. The

1760:фамилије Котроманића. Тој вјери припадао је и његов брат Влади- слав.16 Постоје подаци који говоре да је Стјепан II Котроманић био патарен. Они се налазе у старосрпским црквеним текстовима, гдје се босански бан проклиње ... 738:

which was one of the major supporters of Nelipić's campaigning. Stephen adopted a harsh tactic. His forces raided Caravans from Trogir, which eventually forced its denizens to humbly sign a peace and addressed him as the

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Peter died, and a huge dispute began over his successor. Hungarian King Charles Robert managed to replace his supporter, but it would take until 1336 for the final dispute to be resolved in the Catholic Church's favour.

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Gerard's stay at the Hungarian Court of King Charles Robert, Gerard paid a visit to the Bosnian Ban to negotiate an arranged prosecution of Bosnia's heretics. At first, Stephen II thought that it was time to bow to the

1910:Стјепан II је син господина бана Стјепана, по милости божијој госпо- дин свим земљама босанским и Соли и Усоре и Доњим Крајима и Хумској земљи господин. Веома је уочљиво да је титула „господина" употребљена чак три ... 1942:... вероватно и раније, био у сукобу с краљем Стефаном Дечанским.5 Сарадња измећу Босне и Бугарске учвршћена је склапањем династичког брака; Стјепан II Котроманић оженио се ћерком бугарског цара Михаила 1329. године. 1161:

in 1343. This gave rise to a new idea. The opportunity arose to detach Bosnia from the Kingdom of Hungary and for Ban Stephen II to rule it independently. He immediately sought help from Hungary's greatest foe, the

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in 1313), along with numerous internal opponents of his regime. Mladen came to the idea to impose Stephen Kotromanić as his vassal in Bosnia, for he was sure that he would be well accepted in Bosnia. The

1150: 533:. This disorder greatly helped Stephen II as he gained influence and the chance to rule on his own and build up his realm opened up, all the while his supreme liege, the Hungarian king 565:

and waited for Charles I to come, blindly believing that he would somehow retain his power because of Šubić's loyal service during King's ascension to tron. However, Charles I came to

1324:

were razed during his military operations. Venice attempted to make another peace between the warring sides, but the Serbian emperor agreed only to stall his counterattack a little.

1300:. The Venetians discouraged him from building a fort, but he constructed it anyway. The distant wars of Tsar Stefan Dušan gave Stephen II Kotromanić the chance to move first. In the 2419: 1110: 1455:, which was sanctioned by the Hungarian King. He sent his daughter Catherine (some sources describe Catherine as the daughter of Stephen's brother Vladislav) to marry Count 1339:. Ban Stephen II did not have the strength to meet his army in open battle, so he decided to use a guerrilla tactic. Using timber and rock he blockaded all major roads in 1193:, whom he had just formed out of the most valiant and experienced of the Bosnian nobility to assist him in his reign. In the middle of 1345 the new order was ratified in 1201:

accepting Ban Stephen II as a member of his family and returned with his 30,000 men to Hungary before attempting to reconquer the coastal cities taken by the Venetians.

896:. Ban Stephen pursued the chase of Branko, but eventually the Ragusan forces caught the last of the four brothers from the Branivojević. The Bosnian titles included 553:, encircling and isolating Croatia. Stephen II now fell under King Charles Robert's direct command. Due to the fact that he wanted to get revenge and get rid of the 1280:, as a mutual ally, to act as a mediator. Eventually the Serbian Emperor accepted a three-year non-aggression pact because he was busy with his conflicts with the 537:, had plans which required Ban's help. Charles I went on a campaign to eradicate the Croatian magnates in order to become the sole ruler of the realm. He isolated 529:

Until 1319 Mladen's II army had already entirely retreated from Bosnia, as he had found himself stuck in numerous troubles and conflicts with revolting cities in

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In 1323 Hungarian King Charles Robert wanted to increase influence over Ban Stephen II Kotromanić. He offered Stephen the hand of his wife's distant relative,

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godinu dana po starom hrvatskom običaju, to je vjerojatnije, da je poljska knjeginja Elizabeta rodila Jelisavu prije muškoga djeteta, o kojemu dubrovački ...

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with more than 7,000 Hungarian troops killed in battle. The Hungarian King lost trust in Ban Stephen II and, losing confidence as well, returned to Hungary.

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in 1340–43. The Roman Catholic monks had constructed numerous monasteries in Usora and Hum and baptised a large number of Bosnia's heretics on their way to

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tax that it traditionally paid to the Hum and Serbian rulers and even asked it to recognize his supreme rule. The Republic of Ragusa refused outright.

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and Juraj II Šubić himself was captured by Prince Nelipac. Stephen II had attempted to liberate Juraj II from imprisonment, but without success.

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was against the marriage since both families were related, but it would give Stephen certain advantages, so he convinced the Pope to allow it.

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Stephen withdrew all demands as can be seen in his edict to the Republic from 1332 in which he guaranteed future friendships between the

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family protested Nelipac's decision. An arranged marriage was made between Bosnian Ban Stephen II's brother, Vladislav and the sister of

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Ban Stephen II issued several edicts to Ragusa in 1333. There were four documents. Here is an excerpt of the documents edict' copies:

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Nikola Omodijev and launch a joint offensive against Nelipić in Croatia. Nikola's expedition eventually failed, but it did rise up

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ambitions were only relatively successful he continued to wage war against the enemies of the Šubić. His target was the city of

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These parts of the province of Hum, that Ban conquered and annexed for Bosnia, were ruled by the Serbian vassalage family the

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Stephen II Kotromanić died in September 1353. He was ceremonially buried in his own foundation, the Roman Catholic Church of

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Soon, Ban Stephen II would finally stop the constant threat of the Western Crusades to the Bosnian Church. In 1339, during

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on 20 June 1353. Having become the regent of Hungary, she was murdered. Born out of the marriage with Elizabeth (Mandić).

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In 1344, Nelipac himself unexpectedly died, which prompted Hungarian nobility to ordered the new Slavonian Ban to seize

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high and mighty lord Stephen free ruler and master of Bosnia, Usora and Soli and many other places and Prince of the Hum

607:. After this, Stephen II spent the first years of his reign in relative peace. He gave numerous privileges to the local 54: 1220:(towers), huge enough to man the entire Venetian army. Deciding not to move against the Venetians, the Bans accepted a 726:, without involving his forces into clashes. It turn out to be good move, because the Šubić's party was massacred near 569:

and invited Mladen to meet him there where he was immediately arrested and sent to a dungeon in Hungary where he died.

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deposed him. The new man for the job was one of his most trusted men, Ban Mikac Mihaljević. Ban Mikac advanced toward

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now became their protectors. Mladen decided to keep Stephen II under his firm grip and to use him to eradicate the

1697:. Born out of the marriage with the Ortenburg countess (Mandić). She may have been his niece rather than daughter. 1118: 1029: 490: 545:. The time had come for the Šubićs. Near the end of 1321, he ordered Stephen II to act from Bosnia supported by 2003: 1481: 507: 371: 214: 43: 2409: 2114: 2368: 719: 711: 652: 766:

Ban Stephen II gained territories, expending his realm to the coast by annexing space between mouths of the

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Although the Zahumljans mostly accepted the Ban's rule, some resisted, like Petar Toljenović who ruled the

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Vuk, who died during his father's lifetime. Born out of the marriage with the Ortenburg countess (Mandić).

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regarding trade. Stephen was shown as a very tough negotiator and the negotiations finally ended in 1326.

648: 1465:, the mother of the King of Hungary, wanted to arrange a marriage between her son and Stephen's daughter 1296:

river. He also attempted to convince the Venetians to give him naval support in the case of war with the

1208:

switched side from Venice back to Hungary, but their letter missed the Hungarian King during his stay in

519: 79: 2238: 2158: 1667: 1653:(concluded from sources, this remained an engagement only, the couple not having come to live together) 1392:, Dubrovnik suggested a peace to Dušan that would constitute a marriage between the Emperor's son King 892:

fled to Serbia and sought help from King Stefan and then headed to Ragusa, from where he proceeded to

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Bosna i Hercegovina od srednjeg veka do novijeg vremena: međunarodni naučni skup 13-15. decembar 1994

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The rest of Ban's reign passed mostly in peace. The only conflict that he had was a dispute with the

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and mixed Orthodox and Catholic population in coastal areas and around Ston. He also expanded into

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After seeing that Ban Nikola Omodejev was unable to weaken the position of Nelipić, Hungarian King

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The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest

667:. The marriage was legalized by 1339. Up to 1339 Stephen was still married to the daughter of the 2394: 1518: 1388:

was enraged by the war over the Hum because it greatly damaged their trade, so, backed up by the

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which would serve as defence against Nelipić's possible counterattacks and retreated to Hungary.

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may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience

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a Catholic lady, a cousin of some sort, dispensation requested in 1318. Possibly a daughter of

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since the Ban's men had raided their trade caravan. The Ban managed to elevate his supporter,

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coast, from mouth of the Neretva to Konavle, with areas significant Orthodox population under

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and received from the King as a gift with the marriage the lands to the west formerly held by

455: 265: 1856: 1415: 1056: 523: 426: 136: 2137: 1372:, while he returned with the rest of his troops to Serbia to resolve new conflicts that the 363: 2404: 2373: 2335: 2279: 2215: 2210: 1663: 1646: 1452: 1241: 1212:, so they had to seek alternative allies whom they found in the Šubić and the Serbian King 751: 699: 641: 534: 471: 406: 231: 1321: 8: 2345: 2314: 2253: 2205: 1883: 1706: 1671: 1466: 1353: 1225: 593: 343: 339: 285: 243: 130: 2294: 1802:

Srednjovjekovna Bosna: politički položaj bosanskih vladara do Tvrtkove krunidbe, 1377 g.

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Srpska pravoslavna crkva u Bosni i Hercegovini do obnove Pećke patrijaršije 1557. godine

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region back. Bosnian ban Stephen II swore an Oath to respect the treaty in front of his

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In 1342, Hungarian King Charles Robert died and so did Stephen II's past ally, Mikac of

850: 786: 538: 2233: 2173: 1713: 1485: 1456: 1411: 1385: 1377: 1163: 834: 744: 173: 2363: 2190: 1284:. The Bosnian Ban immediately proceeded with war preparations and went to construct a 877: 597: 2340: 2096: 2019:

Srednjovjekovna Bosna: politički položaj bosanskih vladara do Tvrtkove krunidbe, 1377

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rivers, and all in between Bosnia main proper and the coast, namely vast expanses of

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and was killed in fighting "Bosnian heretics" in 1304. Paul I referred to himself as

442: 238: 2299: 1679: 1179: 542: 2258: 2034: 1628:"Lord of all Bosnian lands, and Soli, and Usora, and Donji Kraji, and the Hum land" 1591: 1583: 1532: 1501: 1373: 1281: 1246: 1010: 975: 974:

was enraged by the religious tensions that grew in Bosnia, installed Fabian of the

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to increase popularity. One of the most famous was the edict in which he gave some

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noble family, became Ban of Bosnia in 1305, following his uncle, who was appointed

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Bosna i Hercegovina: Državna i vjerska pripadnost sredovječne Bosne i Hercegovine

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Then the Pope wrote to the Hungarian King for a military intervention in Bosnia.

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in the Republic of Ragusa. This process eventually brought on the demise of the

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in the north formerly held by Stephen Dragutin and his son, Vladislav II of the

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in a charter from 1305, but it is doubtful that he held all Bosnia at any time.

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to regain all Serbia, but after the fall of Ostrvica at Rudnik at the hands of

585: 578: 503: 459: 421:, Stephen's mother Elizabeth took him and his siblings and fled with them into 393: 346:. Throughout his reign in the fourteenth century, Stephen ruled the lands from 301: 296: 189: 722:

in the Summer of 1324, Ban Stephen II contributed considerable support to the

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any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against

1309: 842: 1040:. Mladen III Šubić's wife was Jelena Nemanjić, sister of the Serbian King 2183: 1063:

that he was a loyal Catholic in February 1340, once again saving Bosnia.

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hid from Dušan in Ban's court and one of Bosnia's strongest fortresses,

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In 1329, Ban Stephen II Kotromanić pushed another military attempt into

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By 1326 Ban Stephen II attacked Serbia in a military alliance with the

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from 1314, but in reality from 1322 to 1353 together with his brother,

1070:, the Catholic Church started to grow in influence rapidly throughout 2106: 2053: 1600:) differ only in slightly changed sound of a letter (usually through 1301: 951: 932: 691: 2309: 2289: 1182:

of Croatia, but left them the two largest until Stephen II gave the

888:. Ban Stephen himself killed two members of the Branivojević, while 854: 814: 785:, Duvanjsko and Glamočko, which will from that point on be known as 633:

sharing equal rule with him since 1326, although Stephen had, being

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When his uncle Vladislav died, he gained some parts of his realm of

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be believed, everyone to know and see the truth. And to that are IV

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was constantly demanding that Ban Stephen II Kotromanić return the

1158: 983: 923:, but the main portion of his force was defeated by the Young King 916: 822: 707: 608: 550: 530: 475: 463: 416: 388: 351: 1459:, but the actual marriage happened long after Stephen II's death. 1304:

of 1349 Bosnia's Ban moved quickly, proceeding all the way across

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in 1322, where he was defeated decisively. Mladen II fell back to

1440: 1365: 1357: 1332: 1305: 1293: 1189: 1051: 920: 881: 802: 771: 755: 743:. It is because of this that Stephen started a conflict with the 558: 400: 383: 260: 905: 885: 612: 135:

Detail of the scene The Death of Ban Kotromanić depicted on the

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Monumenta Serbica spectantia historiam Serbiae, Bosnae, Ragusii

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Stefan and two charters in Dubrovnik. And that is written under

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to have and hold to the end of the world moveless. And for that

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and slowly withdrew his forces to forests and mountains, using

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ever after. Ban Stephen became the ruler of all the lands from

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Scanned copy of the Charter of Stephen II Kotromanić from 1333

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and the Republic of Ragusa. In the edict he called his people

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that he had lost the war, made peace in 1348. Ban of Croatia

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A member of the Kotromanićs, Stephen II was often labeled a "

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and had been previously married to a countess of Ortenburg.

1545:ѥ веровано, сваки да знаѥеть и види истинꙋ. а томꙋи сꙋ .д̄. 1419: 1297: 1197:. The Hungarian King subsequently issued a proclamation in 1174: 1075: 1060: 995: 971: 893: 873: 727: 645: 592:, which he fully incorporated in 1324. He helped his uncle 566: 479: 347: 1703:

Stjepan. Born out of the marriage with Elizabeth (Mandić).

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charters..a.. two Latin and two Serbian, and all are sea-

1547:повелле..а.. двие латинсци а дви срьпсцие, а све сꙋ печа- 821:. In just a year from this point Stephen II will turn to 702:

had asked Stephen II again, around 1323, to join the new

1551:Стефана а двие повелле ꙋ Дꙋбровници. а то ѥ писано подь 1327:

In October 1350, Tsar Stefan Dušan crossed the river of

392:

were mistakenly identified in contemporary sources (see

1549:тене златиеми печати: двие ста повелле ꙋ господина бана 1543:ставлю я (господинь) бань Стефань свою златꙋ печать, да 1082:

that held supremacy over the religious life in Bosnia.

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After the final peace between the Bosnian Ban and the

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Converts to Roman Catholicism from the Bosnian Church

1770: 1768: 1541:да имамо и дрьжимо до конца свиета непомачно. и за то 584:

in 1321, he had no problem in acquiring his lands of

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Bosnia during Ban Stefan Kotromanić. V. Ćorović, 1935

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who commanded the forces of King Stefan Dečanski at

321: 2021:, Nada Klaić, Grafički zavod Hrvatske, Zagreb 1989 1915: 1564:

led with golden seals: two are charters in lord ban

686:under Stephen II. managed to obtain full access to 46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1991: 1780: 1765: 1443:title. The same year he gave his sister or niece, 1228:each, although Zadar had accused them of treason. 572: 462:, so he arranged a marriage between Stephen and a 433:and had fought bloody but losing wars against the 1892: 1824: 1252: 622:Vukoslav. In the edicts he refers to his brother 2386: 1854: 1805:(in Croatian). Zagreb: Grafički zavod Hrvatske. 1604:, or loss or it, or by transfer of "ou" to "u") 1558:have put I (lord) ban Stefan my golden seal, to 1429:. After 1352 Stephen II referred to himself as 1166:. In the summer of 1343 he sent an emissary to 965: 1998:. Michigan: The University of Michigan Press. 1964: 1689:(1336–21 March 1385), who married Herman I of 2435:Burials in St. Nicholas friary church in Mile 2122: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1899: 1748: 1744: 1742: 1492:, with Vladislav governing in Tvrtko's name. 1308:which he raided heavily until he reached the 366:. He was buried in his Franciscan church in 334:in 1326–1353. He was the son of Bosnian Ban 1933: 1848: 797:), until territorial reconfiguration under 2129: 2115: 1947: 1739: 1582:) are completely the same in contemporary 1525: 1484:. He was succeeded by his underage nephew 129: 1927: 1881: 1792: 1632: 1137:Learn how and when to remove this message 106:Learn how and when to remove this message 1618:) differ more but are fully recognisable 1517: 1272:Ban Stepen's Bosnia was weaker than the 1148: 1085: 825:and annex it for Bosnian realm as well. 678: 674: 489: 1900:Mrgić, Jelena; Živković, Tibor (2008). 828: 2415:Bosnia and Herzegovina Roman Catholics 2387: 2346:Elizabeth, Queen of Hungary and Poland 2136: 1002:to Ragusa in return for the so-called 801:. Ban also annexed towns and forts of 2110: 1798: 1989: 1921: 1842: 1830: 1818: 1786: 1774: 1089: 946:; he was the grandson of the famous 44:adding citations to reliable sources 15: 908:which was taken by the Hungarians. 13: 2013: 1674:, king of Poland, since June 1335. 1345:impervious topography of his realm 14: 2451: 2024: 1971:. Croatian Historical Institute. 1269:, but Stephen II always refused. 904:to Neretva with the exception of 399:When his father died in 1314 and 2189: 2182: 1855:Sima M. Cirkovic (7 June 2004). 1094: 20: 1990:Fine, John Van Antwerp (1994). 1983: 1693:in 1361. She was the mother of 1682:he had at least four children. 577:Immediately after the death of 573:Early reign and other marriages 31:needs additional citations for 2430:People of the Banate of Bosnia 2359:Maria, Countess of Helfenstein 1875: 1253:Continued conflict with Serbia 1: 1732: 1405: 990:In 1333, Stephen agreed with 915:, assaulting Lord Vitomir of 377: 2351:Catherine, Countess of Cilli 1940:. Istorijski institut SANU. 1658:Michael Shishman of Bulgaria 1586: — or, for that matter 1574:Of 60 words in the excerpt: 1119:Knowledge's inclusion policy 966:Religious tensions in Bosnia 429:. Mladen was not popular in 248:Catherine, Countess of Cilli 7: 2425:14th-century Bosnian people 1720: 1488:, son of Stephen's brother 1476:of the "Little Brother" in 1204:Upon the numerous changes, 244:Elizabeth, Queen of Hungary 55:"Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia" 10: 2456: 1668:Kazimierz III of Gniewkowo 1153:Seal of Stjepan Kotromanic 935:and Zagorje to his realm. 853:, including the fields of 454:, vengeful enemies of the 2355:Helen, Duchess of Troppau 2329:Other significant members 2328: 2272: 2224: 2198: 2180: 2144: 2094: 2086: 2076: 2067: 2048: 2043: 1903:Северна Босна: 13-16. век 1882:Miklosich, Franz (1858). 1709:(1340–1387), who married 1695:Herman II, Count of Celje 1495: 649:Kazimierz III of Gniewków 498: 362:. He was a member of the 317: 291: 281: 271: 259: 237: 221: 205: 195: 183: 179: 169: 159: 151: 144: 128: 123: 1727:List of rulers of Bosnia 1622: 1439:) in resemblance of the 690:after the annexation of 653:Mladen I Šubić Bribirski 485: 276:Stephen I, Ban of Bosnia 1965:Dominik Mandić (1960). 1861:. Wiley. pp. 45–. 1611:) differ in one phoneme 789:(also "Western Sides", 466:from the family of the 439:Stephen Uroš II Milutin 1912: 1906:. Историјски институт. 1633:Marriages and children 1523: 1422:Petergreen as the new 1154: 948:Andrija, Prince of Hum 847:Archbishopric of Ohrid 794: 695: 582:Stefan Uroš II Milutin 495: 419:and Second Bosnian Ban 322: 225:Elizabeth of Ortenburg 1908: 1888:. Viennae Braumüller. 1521: 1152: 1086:Changes in the throne 1057:Roman Catholic Church 682: 675:Conflicts in Dalmatia 524:Lord of all of Bosnia 493: 427:Republic of Dubrovnik 386:", as Bosnian Church 137:Chest of Saint Simeon 2336:Vladislav Kotromanić 2280:Dorothea of Bulgaria 2216:Dorothea of Bulgaria 2211:Elizabeth of Kuyavia 1934:Milan Vasić (1995). 1799:Klaić, Nada (1989). 1664:Elizabeth of Kuyavia 1490:Vladislav Kotromanić 1257:The Serbian Emperor 942:from his capital in 898:Lord of the Hum Land 829:Conflict with Serbia 642:Elizabeth of Kuyavia 336:Stephen I Kotromanić 332:Vladislav Kotromanić 232:Elizabeth of Kuyavia 228:a Bulgarian princess 40:improve this article 2400:14th-century births 2369:Catherine Tomašević 2206:Elizabeth of Serbia 1845:, pp. 266–267. 1821:, pp. 209–216. 1758:. Veselin Masleša. 1672:Ladislaus the Short 1666:, daughter of Duke 1637:He was married to: 1463:Elizabeth of Poland 890:Branko Branivojević 872:and their overlord 698:The Hungarian king 594:Vladislav of Syrmia 456:House of Kotromanić 344:Stefan Vladislav II 286:Elizabeth of Serbia 2410:Kotromanić dynasty 2199:Banesses of Bosnia 2138:Kotromanić dynasty 2059:Title last held by 2031:Stjepan's document 1524: 1457:Hermann I of Celje 1412:Republic of Venice 1386:Republic of Ragusa 1164:Republic of Venice 1155: 994:of Serbia to cede 841:, gaining more of 835:Republic of Ragusa 745:Republic of Ragusa 696: 549:Ivan Babonić from 541:and destroyed the 496: 364:Kotromanić dynasty 2382: 2381: 2264:Stephen Tomašević 2254:Stephen Tvrtko II 2227:(1377–1463) 2147:(1254–1377) 2105: 2104: 2097:Ban of Usora-Soli 2077:Succeeded by 1868:978-0-631-20471-8 1714:Louis I the Great 1656:daughter of Tsar 1572: 1571: 1529:Original version 1447:, in marriage to 1390:Venetian Republic 1364:and the other to 1147: 1146: 1139: 1018:Pope Benedict XII 950:. Petar raised a 839:Zahumlje (or Hum) 637:, the real rule. 510:, member of the 445:(to whom he lost 342:, sister of King 307: 306: 116: 115: 108: 90: 2447: 2440:Bosnian monarchs 2320:Jelena Branković 2295:Kujava Radinović 2273:Queens of Bosnia 2234:Stephen Tvrtko I 2193: 2186: 2131: 2124: 2117: 2108: 2107: 2101:1322–1353 2087:Preceded by 2074:1322–1353 2041: 2040: 2009: 1997: 1977: 1976: 1962: 1945: 1944: 1931: 1925: 1919: 1913: 1907: 1896: 1890: 1889: 1879: 1873: 1872: 1852: 1846: 1840: 1834: 1828: 1822: 1816: 1807: 1806: 1796: 1790: 1784: 1778: 1772: 1763: 1762: 1746: 1526: 1502:Banate of Bosnia 1282:Byzantine Empire 1267:Nemanjić dynasty 1247:Franciscan Order 1142: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1122: 1098: 1097: 1090: 1030:Mladen III Šubić 976:Franciscan Order 700:Charles I Robert 631:Prince of Bosnia 539:Matthew III Csák 535:Charles I Robert 325: 319: 133: 121: 120: 111: 104: 100: 97: 91: 89: 48: 24: 16: 2455: 2454: 2450: 2449: 2448: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2385: 2384: 2383: 2378: 2374:Matija Sabančić 2364:Radivoj Ostojić 2324: 2315:Katarina Kosača 2285:Helen of Bosnia 2268: 2249:Stephen Ostojić 2226: 2225:Kings of Bosnia 2220: 2194: 2188: 2187: 2178: 2146: 2140: 2135: 2100: 2092: 2082: 2073: 2060: 2057: 2027: 2016: 2014:Further reading 2006: 1986: 1981: 1980: 1963: 1948: 1932: 1928: 1920: 1916: 1897: 1893: 1880: 1876: 1869: 1853: 1849: 1841: 1837: 1829: 1825: 1817: 1810: 1797: 1793: 1785: 1781: 1773: 1766: 1747: 1740: 1735: 1723: 1635: 1625: 1567: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1498: 1431:Bosnia's Herzeg 1408: 1255: 1242:Mladen II Šubić 1234:pyrrhic victory 1143: 1132: 1126: 1123: 1109:Please help by 1108: 1099: 1095: 1088: 1004:tribute of Ston 968: 878:Stefan Dečanski 831: 677: 598:Stefan Dečanski 575: 518:by his brother 501: 488: 435:Serbian Kingdom 407:Mladen II Šubić 380: 253:Maria of Bosnia 251: 246: 230: 226: 217: 200: 188: 140: 119: 112: 101: 95: 92: 49: 47: 37: 25: 12: 11: 5: 2453: 2443: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2395:Bans of Bosnia 2380: 2379: 2377: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2325: 2323: 2322: 2317: 2312: 2307: 2305:Dorothea Garai 2302: 2300:Jelena Nelipić 2297: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2276: 2274: 2270: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2261: 2259:Stephen Thomas 2256: 2251: 2246: 2244:Stephen Ostoja 2241: 2239:Stephen Dabiša 2236: 2230: 2228: 2222: 2221: 2219: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2202: 2200: 2196: 2195: 2181: 2179: 2177: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2150: 2148: 2145:Bans of Bosnia 2142: 2141: 2134: 2133: 2126: 2119: 2111: 2103: 2102: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2075: 2066: 2058: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2044:Regnal titles 2039: 2038: 2026: 2025:External links 2023: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2010: 2004: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1978: 1946: 1926: 1924:, p. 277. 1914: 1891: 1874: 1867: 1847: 1835: 1823: 1808: 1791: 1789:, p. 284. 1779: 1777:, p. 281. 1764: 1737: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1729: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1711:Hungarian King 1704: 1701: 1698: 1680:Dominik Mandić 1676: 1675: 1661: 1654: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1629: 1624: 1621: 1620: 1619: 1612: 1605: 1594: 1570: 1569: 1553: 1537: 1536: 1530: 1497: 1494: 1474:Saint Nicholas 1407: 1404: 1276:, so he asked 1274:Serbian Empire 1254: 1251: 1180:Nelipić family 1145: 1144: 1102: 1100: 1093: 1087: 1084: 1080:Bosnian Church 1027:Ban of Croatia 1011:Bosnian Bishop 967: 964: 837:and conquered 830: 827: 795:Zapadne Strane 720:Juraj II Šubić 712:Juraj II Šubić 684:Bosnian Banate 676: 673: 669:Bulgarian tsar 644:, daughter of 574: 571: 543:Kőszegi family 504:Ban of Croatia 500: 497: 487: 484: 474:that ruled in 460:Bosnian Church 415:, Princeps of 394:Bosnian Church 379: 376: 314:Serbo-Croatian 305: 304: 302:Roman Catholic 300:, from 1347 293: 289: 288: 283: 279: 278: 273: 269: 268: 263: 257: 256: 241: 235: 234: 223: 219: 218: 209: 207: 203: 202: 199:September 1353 197: 193: 192: 185: 181: 180: 177: 176: 171: 167: 166: 161: 157: 156: 153: 149: 148: 142: 141: 134: 126: 125: 117: 114: 113: 28: 26: 19: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2452: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2271: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2192: 2185: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2149: 2143: 2139: 2132: 2127: 2125: 2120: 2118: 2113: 2112: 2109: 2099: 2098: 2091: 2085: 2081: 2072: 2071: 2070:Ban of Bosnia 2065: 2064: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2042: 2036: 2032: 2029: 2028: 2022: 2020: 2007: 2001: 1996: 1995: 1988: 1987: 1975: 1970: 1969: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1943: 1939: 1938: 1930: 1923: 1918: 1911: 1905: 1904: 1895: 1887: 1886: 1878: 1870: 1864: 1860: 1859: 1851: 1844: 1839: 1833:, p. 20. 1832: 1827: 1820: 1815: 1813: 1804: 1803: 1795: 1788: 1783: 1776: 1771: 1769: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1751: 1750:Boris Nilević 1745: 1743: 1738: 1728: 1725: 1724: 1715: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1684: 1683: 1681: 1678:According to 1673: 1669: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1655: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1639: 1638: 1627: 1626: 1617: 1613: 1610: 1606: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1575: 1568: 1554: 1552: 1539: 1538: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1437: 1432: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1403: 1400: 1395: 1394:Stefan Uroš V 1391: 1387: 1381: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1349: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1250: 1248: 1243: 1237: 1235: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1185: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1160: 1151: 1141: 1138: 1130: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1106: 1103:This section 1101: 1092: 1091: 1083: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1064: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1050: 1045: 1043: 1039: 1038:Klis Fortress 1035: 1031: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1015: 1012: 1009:In 1334, the 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 988: 985: 981: 977: 973: 963: 961: 955: 953: 949: 945: 941: 936: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 909: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 870:Branivojevićs 866: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 826: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 777: 773: 769: 764: 762: 757: 753: 748: 746: 742: 737: 731: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 693: 689: 685: 681: 672: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 647: 643: 638: 636: 632: 629: 625: 621: 617: 615: 610: 606: 601: 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 580: 570: 568: 564: 563:Klis Fortress 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 532: 527: 525: 521: 517: 516:Ban of Bosnia 513: 509: 505: 492: 483: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 457: 453: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 418: 414: 408: 405: 402: 397: 395: 391: 390: 385: 375: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 324: 315: 311: 303: 299: 298: 294: 290: 287: 284: 280: 277: 274: 270: 267: 264: 262: 258: 254: 249: 245: 242: 240: 236: 233: 229: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 198: 194: 191: 186: 182: 178: 175: 172: 168: 165: 162: 158: 154: 150: 147: 146:Ban of Bosnia 143: 138: 132: 127: 122: 118:Ban of Bosnia 110: 107: 99: 96:December 2022 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: 67: 64: 60: 57: – 56: 52: 51:Find sources: 45: 41: 35: 34: 29:This article 27: 23: 18: 17: 2341:Jelena Šubić 2168: 2095: 2068: 2061: 2049: 2017: 1993: 1984:Bibliography 1972: 1967: 1941: 1936: 1929: 1917: 1909: 1902: 1894: 1884: 1877: 1857: 1850: 1838: 1826: 1801: 1794: 1782: 1759: 1754: 1677: 1670:, nephew of 1645:Meinhard of 1636: 1615: 1608: 1597: 1579: 1573: 1555: 1540: 1535:translation 1514: 1509: 1499: 1471: 1461: 1434: 1430: 1409: 1382: 1350: 1331:with 50,000 1326: 1310:Bay of Kotor 1271: 1259:Stefan Dušan 1256: 1238: 1230: 1217: 1214:Stefan Dušan 1203: 1187: 1172: 1156: 1133: 1127:October 2018 1124: 1111:spinning off 1104: 1065: 1046: 1042:Stefan Dušan 1034:Jelena Šubić 1016: 1008: 992:Stefan Dušan 989: 969: 956: 939: 937: 910: 897: 867: 843:Adriatic Sea 832: 765: 749: 740: 732: 716:Ivan Nelipić 697: 639: 630: 613: 602: 579:Serbian King 576: 528: 502: 470:Meinhard of 410: 398: 387: 381: 309: 308: 295: 227: 187:14th century 102: 93: 83: 76: 69: 62: 50: 38:Please help 33:verification 30: 2405:1353 deaths 2159:Prijezda II 2056:as overlord 1453:Helfenstein 1376:stirred in 1335:and 30,000 1292:, near the 1036:in 1338 in 688:Via Narenta 441:), and the 409:emerged as 328:Bosnian Ban 160:Predecessor 2389:Categories 2169:Stephen II 2154:Prijezda I 2005:0472100793 1733:References 1451:Ulrich of 1406:Last years 1374:Byzantines 1115:relocating 1049:Franciscan 980:Inquisitor 378:Early life 374:, Bosnia. 326:) was the 323:Stjepan II 310:Stephen II 266:Kotromanić 124:Stephen II 66:newspapers 2164:Stephen I 2054:Mladen II 1922:Fine 1994 1858:The Serbs 1843:Fine 1994 1831:Fine 1994 1819:Fine 1994 1787:Fine 1994 1775:Fine 1994 1707:Elizabeth 1687:Catherine 1660:, in 1329 1647:Ortenburg 1467:Elizabeth 1416:Dubrovnik 1378:Macedonia 1354:Elizabeth 1302:Christmas 1224:of 1,000 952:rebellion 933:Nevesinje 783:Livanjsko 752:Charles I 692:Zachlumia 626:with the 624:Vladislav 508:Mladen II 472:Ortenburg 443:Venetians 411:Count of 354:and from 340:Elizabeth 318:Стефан II 297:krstjanin 170:Successor 164:Stephen I 155:1322–1353 2174:Tvrtko I 2080:Tvrtko I 2063:Mladen I 1752:(1990). 1721:See also 1651:Carniola 1602:iotation 1588:Croatian 1510:Bošnjani 1506:Bosnians 1368:towards 1337:infantry 1314:Trebinje 1286:fortress 1263:Hum area 1218:bastidas 1159:Slavonia 1000:Pelješac 984:Slavonia 960:mogorish 917:Trebinje 823:Zahumlje 799:Ottomans 770:and the 759:army to 708:Slavonia 665:Nemanjić 609:nobility 551:Slavonia 531:Dalmatia 476:Carniola 464:Princess 417:Dalmatia 401:Croatian 389:krstjani 384:patarene 352:Adriatic 292:Religion 174:Tvrtko I 2090:Milutin 2035:Bosnian 1592:Serbian 1584:Bosnian 1533:English 1480:, near 1424:Bosnian 1366:Croatia 1358:Bobovac 1333:cavalry 1306:Konavli 1294:Neretva 1265:to the 1226:florins 1190:Knights 1188:Twelve 1052:General 978:as the 940:Seaside 921:Konavli 882:Neretva 851:Završje 819:Grahovo 803:Imotski 791:Bosnian 787:Završje 772:Neretva 756:Croatia 559:Skradin 437:(under 425:to the 370:, near 350:to the 213:, near 80:scholar 2310:Vojača 2290:Vitača 2050:Vacant 2002: 1865: 1496:Edicts 1486:Tvrtko 1482:Visoko 1445:Marija 1441:German 1436:herceg 1427:Bishop 1399:Empire 1362:Cetina 1341:Bosnia 1322:Rudine 1320:, and 1278:Venice 1199:Zagreb 1184:Cetina 1168:Venice 1072:Bosnia 1068:Papacy 1023:Šubićs 944:Popovo 929:Priboj 913:Serbia 902:Cetina 855:Glamoč 815:Glamoč 779:poljes 768:Cetina 736:Trogir 724:Šubićs 620:Prince 605:Syrmia 555:Šubićs 520:Paul I 499:Ascent 478:. The 431:Bosnia 372:Visoko 356:Cetina 282:Mother 272:Father 222:Spouse 215:Visoko 206:Burial 201:Bosnia 190:Bosnia 82: 75: 68: 61: 53: 1691:Celje 1643:Count 1623:Title 1616:13.3% 1614:* 8 ( 1609:13.3% 1580:48.3% 1449:Count 1329:Drina 1318:Gacko 1222:bribe 1210:Bihać 1206:Zadar 1195:Bihać 925:Dušan 863:Livno 859:Duvno 811:Duvno 807:Livno 776:karst 761:Bihać 657:Usora 628:title 586:Usora 512:Šubić 486:Reign 468:Count 452:Šubić 447:Zadar 423:exile 413:Zadar 360:Drina 261:House 239:Issue 152:Reign 87:JSTOR 73:books 2033:(in 2000:ISBN 1863:ISBN 1596:15 ( 1578:29 ( 1478:Mile 1433:(or 1420:Monk 1414:and 1370:Krka 1298:Tsar 1175:Knin 1076:Ston 1061:Pope 998:and 996:Ston 972:Pope 970:The 919:and 906:Omiš 894:Ston 886:Omiš 874:Crep 861:and 728:Knin 718:and 661:Soli 659:and 655:and 646:Duke 614:župe 590:Soli 588:and 567:Knin 480:Pope 368:Mile 348:Sava 338:and 211:Mile 196:Died 184:Born 59:news 1649:in 1607:8 ( 1598:25% 1590:or 1512:). 1290:Hum 1288:in 1113:or 982:in 884:to 781:of 706:of 704:Ban 635:Ban 618:to 547:Ban 404:Ban 396:). 358:to 42:by 2391:: 1949:^ 1811:^ 1767:^ 1741:^ 1380:. 1316:, 1312:. 1249:. 1032:, 1006:. 876:, 865:. 857:, 817:, 813:, 809:, 805:, 793:: 506:, 320:/ 316:: 2130:e 2123:t 2116:v 2037:) 2008:. 1898:* 1871:. 1508:( 1140:) 1134:( 1129:) 1125:( 1121:. 1107:. 694:. 616:) 312:( 255:? 250:? 139:. 109:) 103:( 98:) 94:( 84:· 77:· 70:· 63:· 36:.

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