884:
2583:
974:
951:
2595:
813:, which rapidly made fundamental contributions to the field. He has shown how to combine academic design theories with practical engineering constraints to achieve a remarkable and elegant synthesis. His work demonstrates in particular how to design microprocessors with low power and low radio frequency emissions, necessary for future wireless applications. Furber has designed a series of highly original asynchronous processors to execute the
48:
1928:
UK scientists aim to model 1 per cent of a human brain with up to one million ARM cores. ... ARM was approached in May 2005 to participate in SpiNNaker ... agreement extends to
Manchester making enough chips for a computer with a million
804:
Professor Furber is distinguished for his fundamental contributions to the design and analysis of electronic systems, especially microprocessors. He was the original designer of the hardware architecture of the ARM processor, the world's leading
656:
system eventually designed to incorporate a million ARM processors. The finished
Spinnaker will model 1 per cent of the human brain's capability, or around 1 billion neurons. The Spinnaker project aims amongst other things to investigate:
3375:
589:
In 1981, following the completion of his PhD and the award of the BBC contract to Acorn computers, Furber joined Acorn where he was a
Hardware Designer and then Design Manager. He was involved in the final design and production of the
2458:
820:. These have been fabricated and subjected to extensive experimental analysis. Furber's group is the world's leading centre of research in both fundamental theory and engineering implementation of such devices.
1354:
1941:
2462:
3435:
3440:
3314:
411:
2631:
2412:
809:
core and a major engineering and commercial success for the United
Kingdom. Having moved to Manchester University, he established a research team to investigate
739:
3430:
3425:
1358:
1949:
3390:
3001:
1319:
716:
3415:
3405:
1251:
The design of a general-purpose processor, in common with most engineering endeavours, requires careful consideration of many trade-offs and compromises
3410:
2278:
1912:
692:
630:
1335:
832:
being one of the four houses. On 15 October 2010, Furber officially opened the
Independent Learning Zone in Unsworth Academy. In 2012, a building at
735:
2440:
3385:
1413:
2385:
3400:
1399:
1978:
758:
384:
29:
1877:
1297:
2624:
789:
731:
392:
225:
37:
1885:
681:
2528:
1271:
2502:
140:
2617:
2315:
3380:
3360:
2001:
1852:
3365:
3286:
2028:; Temple, S.; Khan, M.; Shi, Y.; Wu, J.; Yang, S. (2007). "A GALS Infrastructure for a Massively Parallel Multiprocessor".
856:
1700:
3420:
2476:
1567:
1127:
664:
How can our growing understanding of brain function point the way to more efficient parallel, fault-tolerant computation?
523:
503:
2169:"Engineering a thalamo-cortico-thalamic circuit on SpiNNaker: A preliminary study toward modeling sleep and wakefulness"
1731:
2984:
715:. In 1998, he became a member of the European Working Group on Asynchronous Circuit Design (ACiD-WG). He was elected a
648:, is an attempt to build a new kind of computer that directly mimics the workings of the human brain. Spinnaker is an
2935:
2546:
1769:
1436:
1244:
724:
864:
449:
2840:
2738:
2554:
1713:
848:
607:
558:
511:
400:
2363:
2007:
1837:
2008 IEEE International Joint
Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence)
1522:
1382:"Arm is Everywhere Technology Matters: 250+ Billion Chips in Everything from Sensors to Smartphones to Servers"
969:
578:
2930:
3395:
3355:
2878:
2695:
1835:; Woods, J. V. (2008). "Efficient modelling of spiking neural networks on a scalable chip multiprocessor".
3370:
3128:
2993:
2806:
2444:
766:
653:
538:
388:
213:
33:
2833:
1819:
1802:
1539:
1492:
1223:
844:
633:
research cluster in biologically inspired novel computation. On 16 September 2004, he gave a speech on
487:
183:
2389:
1031:
3205:
1631:
700:
649:
618:
499:
249:
90:
1979:"Biologically-Inspired Massively-Parallel Architectures: A Reconfigurable Neural Modelling Platform"
3350:
3057:
1292:
712:
603:
565:(originally the Cambridge Processor Unit), on a number of projects; notably a microprocessor based
415:
275:
2224:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
1288:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:
3082:
2753:
1089:
883:
778:
743:
419:
280:
100:
2350:
3345:
3150:
2977:
2962:
2688:
2681:
1889:
1503:
672:
direction will represent a major scientific breakthrough". Furber's research interests include
396:(born 21 March 1953) is a British computer scientist, mathematician and hardware engineer, and
1078:
661:
How can massively parallel computing resources accelerate our understanding of brain function?
455:. As of 2023, over 250 billion ARM chips have been manufactured, powering much of the world's
1291:"All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under
762:
638:
611:
519:
475:
427:
1784:
1016:
796:
recognising his contribution to the IT profession and industry. Furber's nomination for the
301:
3340:
2951:
2274:
2231:
1595:
1583:
1563:
810:
550:
471:
407:
318:
2603:
2594:
8:
3224:
3190:
3185:
2914:
1097:
942:
673:
507:
134:
2599:
2582:
2290:
2235:
1599:
1283:
828:(formerly called Castlebrook High School) in Manchester introduced a house system, with
3170:
3097:
3072:
2811:
2768:
2763:
2417:
2252:
2219:
2195:
2168:
2144:
2117:
2093:
2068:
2045:
1916:
1858:
1648:
1611:
1469:
1200:
1155:
950:
479:
990:
973:
774:
486:
project is delivering a computer incorporating a million ARM processors optimised for
3030:
2970:
2904:
2884:
2577:
2257:
2200:
2149:
2098:
1997:
1848:
1765:
1615:
1432:
1313:
1240:
1084:
1037:
1004:
751:
622:
254:
207:
3250:
2337:
2323:
2049:
1683:
1473:
1336:"Prof Steve Furber CBE FRS FREng FBCS FIET CITP CEng – The University of Manchester"
1204:
3376:
People associated with the
Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester
3155:
3102:
2889:
2664:
2247:
2239:
2190:
2180:
2139:
2129:
2088:
2080:
2037:
1989:
1878:"SpiNNaker set to receive new 18-core SoC to help reverse engineer the human brain"
1862:
1840:
1757:
1652:
1640:
1603:
1461:
1190:
1093:
996:
852:
825:
814:
599:
546:
515:
456:
443:
423:
313:
119:
2167:
Bhattacharya, B. S.; Patterson, C; Galluppi, F; Durrant, S. J.; Furber, S (2014).
1104:
1049:
891:
Furber is married to
Valerie Elliot with two daughters, 3 grandchildren and plays
3265:
3077:
2909:
2868:
817:
806:
677:
562:
530:
527:
460:
435:
285:
114:
2609:
1993:
1942:"Acorn's Steve Furber looks to ARM supercomputers: A million node supercomputer"
1666:
361:
343:
3270:
3067:
2847:
2748:
1844:
1195:
1178:
946:
770:
720:
626:
595:
554:
542:
452:
259:
201:
1813:
1796:
1607:
1486:
1217:
777:), for development of ARM processor. In 2012, Furber was made a Fellow of the
3334:
3306:
3165:
3133:
3092:
3087:
3052:
3020:
3015:
2997:
2778:
2185:
2134:
1279:
1119:
1041:
1008:
965:
860:
837:
833:
797:
782:
747:
696:
685:
566:
219:
189:
1644:
3260:
3255:
3229:
3200:
3138:
3035:
3025:
2708:
2261:
2243:
2204:
2153:
2102:
2084:
553:. During his PhD in the late 1970s, Furber worked on a voluntary basis for
534:
328:
3218:
3144:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3041:
2558:
3275:
3195:
3160:
2894:
2773:
2758:
2041:
1523:
National Life
Stories, Professor Steve Furber Interviewed by Thomas Lean
892:
2571:
1761:
1465:
1159:
916:
3234:
3180:
2728:
2702:
2659:
1414:"Enabling Mass IoT connectivity as Arm partners ship 100 billion chips"
1000:
863:
for contributions to the invention, development, and implementation of
467:
78:
3211:
1488:
ARM and its Partners talk about reaching the 50 Billion chip milestone
3175:
3047:
2816:
2801:
2733:
2654:
2640:
1586:(1979). "Is the Weis-Fogh principle exploitable in turbomachinery?".
872:
645:
591:
574:
483:
439:
403:
129:
124:
2413:"Four ARM cores for every person on earth – Furber, Wilson honoured"
2166:
2899:
1687:
1540:"Steve Furber on Cambridge, Acorn and the University of Manchester"
868:
506:
in Hungary in 1970 winning a bronze medal. He went on to study the
397:
2459:"Library and Archive Catalogue EC/2002/10: Furber, Stephen Byram"
785:, on the BBC Micro computer and the ARM processor architecture."
2992:
1988:. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 6578. p. 2.
2712:
1986:
Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications
1507:
1219:"The Human Brain Project SP 9: Neuromorphic Computing Platform"
446:
295:
47:
2547:"Recipients of the Charles Stark Draper Prize for Engineering"
2364:"Professor Stephen Furber: Creator of the ARM microprocessor"
2316:"The Pinkerton Lecture:The relentless march of the microchip"
1045:
1012:
793:
195:
1547:
867:(RISC) chips. Furber was played by actor Sam Philips in the
794:
Distinguished Fellow at the British Computer Society (DFBCS)
610:(ICL) Professor of Computer Engineering and established the
2118:"Real-time million-synapse simulation of rat barrel cortex"
2404:
1629:
Fitzpatrick, J. (2011). "An interview with Steve Furber".
1355:"Steve Furber: developing ARM with no people and no money"
573:– the initial prototype version of what was to become the
2873:
1173:
431:
3436:
Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology
3315:
Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester
2275:
http://gow.epsrc.ac.uk/NGBOViewPerson.aspx?PersonId=5628
992:
Is the Weis-Fogh principle exploitable in turbomachines?
302:
Is the Weis-Fogh principle exploitable in turbomachines?
2503:"Castlebrook unveils its new Independent Learning Zone"
1913:"One million ARM cores to simulate brain at Manchester"
1381:
740:
Fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology
635:
Hardware Implementations of Large-scale Neural Networks
1701:
Lecture by Furber on the Future of Computer Technology
1293:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
2023:
1934:
1752:(2006). "Living with Failure: Lessons from Nature?".
711:
In February 1997, Furber was elected a Fellow of the
463:, everything from sensors to smartphones to servers.
2441:"Professor Steve Furber – BCS Distinguished Fellow"
2218:Cumming, D. R.; Furber, S. B.; Paul, D. J. (2014).
2115:
2279:Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
1830:
1552:Maths is the only sport I've played for my country
1426:
1234:
1077:
693:Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
541:and was awarded a PhD in 1980 for research on the
2639:
2217:
1400:"Inside the numbers: 100 billion ARM-based chips"
1177:; Galluppi, F.; Temple, S.; Plana, L. A. (2014).
765:and was elected as one of the three laureates of
736:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
3441:International Mathematical Olympiad participants
3332:
2529:"Professor opens restaurant named in his honour"
1948:. techgineering.org. 8 July 2011. Archived from
1318:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1300:. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016
2477:"Businessmen support school's new house system"
1785:BBC News – Scientists to build 'brain box'
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
484:Spiking Neural Network Architecture (SpiNNaker)
2410:
1869:
1790:
1754:Eleventh IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS'06)
1667:"Acorn recollections: Steve Furber recalls..."
1578:
1298:"Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies"
668:Furber believes that "significant progress in
3431:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
2978:
2625:
1875:
746:(CEng). In September 2007 he was awarded the
3426:People educated at Manchester Grammar School
2062:
1969:
1967:
1480:
1117:
927:
917:"Charles Stark Draper Prize for Engineering"
759:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
637:as part of the initiation activities of the
418:, UK. After completing his education at the
3391:Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
2461:. London: The Royal Society. Archived from
1815:Professor Steve Furber Introduces SpiNNaker
1628:
984:
982:
438:, where he was a principal designer of the
3416:History of computing in the United Kingdom
2985:
2971:
2632:
2618:
2581:
2443:. University of Manchester. Archived from
1724:
1373:
972:
961:
959:
949:
851:of the United States of America alongside
790:Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award
732:Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering
226:Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award
3411:Academics of the University of Manchester
2388:. Computer History Museum. Archived from
2351:BBC Micro designer gets New Year's Honour
2251:
2194:
2184:
2143:
2133:
2116:Sharp, T; Petersen, R; Furber, S (2014).
2092:
1964:
1886:Institution of Engineering and Technology
1194:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
717:Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2002
682:globally asynchronous locally synchronous
1272:"Professor Stephen Furber CBE FREng FRS"
1036:(MSc thesis). University of Manchester.
1023:
979:
910:
908:
882:
727:inquiry into microprocessor technology.
617:Furber's main research interests are in
3386:Fellows of the British Computer Society
2438:
1807:
1798:Professor Steve Furber: Building brains
1533:
1531:
1454:IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
1429:VLSI RISC architecture and organization
1406:
1392:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1092: ed.). A & C Black.
995:(PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
956:
577:, in support of Acorn's tender for the
526:) degrees. In 1978, he was appointed a
3406:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
3333:
2277:Grants awarded to Steve Furber by the
2073:Journal of the Royal Society Interface
1973:
1748:
1497:
1452:Grier, D. A. (2014). "Steve Furber ".
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1239:(2 ed.). Boston: Addison-Wesley.
1228:
1169:
1167:
1056:
1029:
988:
629:. In 2003, Furber was a member of the
584:
16:British computer scientist (born 1953)
3401:Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
2966:
2931:Adapters (IEEE488, Prestel, Teletext)
2613:
2451:
2432:
2268:
1451:
905:
706:
3287:List of fellows of the Royal Society
2539:
1910:
1711:
1537:
1528:
1516:
1420:
1379:
1352:
1269:
1141:
1075:
914:
691:His research has been funded by the
2030:IEEE Design & Test of Computers
1882:Engineering and Technology Magazine
1568:International Mathematical Olympiad
1346:
1256:
1211:
1164:
1128:Association for Computing Machinery
524:Part III of the Mathematical Tripos
504:International Mathematical Olympiad
13:
2411:Williams, Alun (20 January 2012).
1120:"A Conversation with Steve Furber"
1111:
1098:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.43464
719:and was Specialist Adviser to the
14:
3452:
2338:"Home computing pioneer honoured"
1732:"Steve Furber Talk @ Acorn World"
1357:. British Library. Archived from
875:, first aired on 8 October 2009.
676:, ultra-low-power processors for
602:. In August 1990 he moved to the
2598: This article incorporates
2593:
1353:Lean, Thomas (22 October 2012).
1118:Brown, David (1 February 2010).
878:
865:reduced instruction set computer
46:
2841:Doctor Who: The First Adventure
2565:
2555:National Academy of Engineering
2521:
2495:
2469:
2378:
2366:. Millennium Prize. 9 June 2010
2356:
2344:
2330:
2308:
2283:
2211:
2160:
2109:
2056:
2017:
1904:
1876:Dempsey, Paul (15 March 2011).
1824:
1778:
1742:
1705:
1694:
1676:
1659:
1622:
1572:
1557:
1445:
1328:
1237:ARM system-on-chip architecture
1033:Low power microprocessor design
849:National Academy of Engineering
608:International Computers Limited
510:as an undergraduate student of
166:
141:ARM System–on–Chip Architecture
1714:"Steve Furber Video Interview"
1030:Segars, Simon Anthony (1996).
989:Furber, Stephen Byram (1980).
502:and represented the UK in the
412:Department of Computer Science
1:
2936:Second processors (6502, Z80)
2641:BBC Computer Literacy Project
2340:. BBC News. 29 December 2007.
1079:"Furber, Prof. Stephen Byram"
970:Mathematics Genealogy Project
898:
811:asynchronous processor design
654:massively parallel processing
644:Furber's most recent project
579:BBC Computer Literacy Project
3381:Fellows of the Royal Society
3361:English electrical engineers
2879:Cambridge Systems Technology
2696:Making the Most of the Micro
2173:Frontiers in Neural Circuits
2069:"Neural systems engineering"
1684:"The Tech Lab: Steve Furber"
1506:publications indexed by the
1105:UK public library membership
843:In 2022, he was awarded the
512:St John's College, Cambridge
493:
7:
3366:British computer scientists
2807:Advanced Disc Filing System
1994:10.1007/978-3-642-19475-7_2
1911:Bush, Steve (8 July 2011).
1427:Furber, Stephen B. (1989).
1235:Furber, Stephen B. (2000).
836:was named in his honour by
767:Millennium Technology Prize
680:, on-chip interconnect and
539:Emmanuel College, Cambridge
214:Millennium Technology Prize
10:
3457:
3421:Scientists from Manchester
3123:David Malcolm James Lilley
2834:Doctor Who and the Warlord
1845:10.1109/IJCNN.2008.4634194
1588:Journal of Fluid Mechanics
1196:10.1109/JPROC.2014.2304638
887:Furber playing bass guitar
845:Charles Stark Draper Prize
488:computational neuroscience
184:Charles Stark Draper Prize
3321:
3311:
3303:
3298:
3284:
3243:
3008:
2944:
2923:
2861:
2825:
2794:
2787:
2721:
2673:
2647:
2122:Frontiers in Neuroscience
1632:Communications of the ACM
1608:10.1017/S0022112079001166
1340:research.manchester.ac.uk
792:. In 2014, he was made a
788:In 2004 he was awarded a
701:European Research Council
650:artificial neural network
500:Manchester Grammar School
434:), he spent the 1980s at
338:
334:
324:
312:
294:
268:
242:
235:
176:
150:
107:
96:
91:Manchester Grammar School
86:
57:
45:
23:
3145:Brian Cecil Joseph Moore
2186:10.3389/fncir.2014.00046
2135:10.3389/fnins.2014.00131
1510:bibliographic database.
945:publications indexed by
750:and in 2010 he gave the
713:British Computer Society
652:realised in hardware, a
604:University of Manchester
416:University of Manchester
276:University of Manchester
156:Valerie Margaret Elliott
3083:Christopher Hawkesworth
2924:BBC-branded peripherals
2674:TV programmes, services
2665:Archimedes range, A3000
2533:knutsfordguardian.co.uk
2439:Chatwin, Sarah (2014).
1736:computinghistory.org.uk
1718:computinghistory.org.uk
1645:10.1145/1941487.1941501
1512:(subscription required)
1431:. New York: M. Dekker.
1183:Proceedings of the IEEE
1179:"The SpiNNaker Project"
1090:Oxford University Press
779:Computer History Museum
723:Science and Technology
498:Furber was educated at
420:University of Cambridge
281:University of Cambridge
101:University of Cambridge
3116:John Vincent Kilmartin
2689:The Computer Programme
2682:Now the Chips Are Down
2244:10.1098/rsta.2013.0376
2085:10.1098/rsif.2006.0177
1839:. pp. 2812–2819.
1564:Steve Furber's results
1325:
888:
822:
470:to lead research into
3212:Andrew Benjamin Smith
2900:Pace Micro Technology
1550:on 19 December 2023.
1538:Hull, Duncan (2023).
1289:
886:
802:
763:2008 New Year Honours
757:Furber was appointed
738:(IEEE) in 2005 and a
730:Furber was elected a
639:Alan Turing Institute
612:AMULET microprocessor
520:Master of Mathematics
476:low-power electronics
472:asynchronous circuits
466:In 1990, he moved to
3026:Michael John Crawley
2952:BBC Domesday Project
2602:available under the
2353:ZDNet 2 January 2008
2220:"Beyond Moore's law"
2042:10.1109/MDT.2007.149
1286:on 17 November 2015.
781:"for his work, with
674:asynchronous systems
569:controller, and the
561:within the fledging
551:John Ffowcs Williams
408:Computer Engineering
381:Stephen Byram Furber
319:John Ffowcs Williams
62:Stephen Byram Furber
3396:Fellows of the IEEE
3356:Arm Holdings people
3225:Nicholas Strausfeld
3191:Thomas Maurice Rice
3186:David William Rhind
3053:David Henry Dolphin
2915:Watford Electronics
2573:Micro Men (TV 2009)
2236:2014RSPTA.37230376C
1892:on 21 February 2014
1762:10.1109/ETS.2006.28
1600:1979JFM....94..519F
1466:10.1109/MAHC.2014.8
1416:. 27 February 2017.
1402:. 27 February 2017.
1361:on 10 November 2016
1160:0000-0002-6524-3367
585:Career and research
547:Weis-Fogh mechanism
508:Mathematical Tripos
135:Human Brain Project
3371:Computer designers
3219:Anthony John Stace
3171:Peter J. Ratcliffe
3098:David Ish-Horowicz
3073:Jean-Pierre Hansen
2812:Disc Filing System
2764:Ian McNaught-Davis
2648:BBC microcomputers
2535:. 4 November 2012.
2509:. 14 December 2010
2483:. 16 February 2009
2418:Electronics Weekly
2326:on 28 August 2011.
2230:(2012): 20130376.
2013:on 7 January 2013.
1952:on 14 October 2011
1917:Electronics Weekly
1584:Williams, J. E. F.
1017:uk.bl.ethos.456071
1001:10.17863/CAM.11472
889:
871:documentary drama
857:David A. Patterson
807:embedded processor
744:Chartered Engineer
707:Awards and honours
600:ARM microprocessor
480:neural engineering
3329:
3328:
3322:Succeeded by
3299:Academic offices
3293:
3292:
3109:Bruce Ernest Kemp
3031:Stuart Cull-Candy
2960:
2959:
2905:Superior Software
2885:Castle Technology
2857:
2856:
2739:Christopher Curry
2465:on 17 March 2014.
2447:on 14 March 2014.
2003:978-3-642-19474-0
1854:978-1-4244-1820-6
1690:. 9 October 2008.
1525:, British Library
1103:(Subscription or
752:Pinkerton Lecture
378:
377:
237:Scientific career
208:Pinkerton Lecture
3448:
3304:Preceded by
3296:
3295:
3156:Martyn Poliakoff
3103:James A. Jackson
3042:Roger John Davis
2987:
2980:
2973:
2964:
2963:
2792:
2791:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2611:
2610:
2597:
2586:
2585:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2561:on 2 March 2022.
2557:. Archived from
2543:
2537:
2536:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2360:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2322:. Archived from
2312:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2295:royalsociety.org
2291:"Stephen Furber"
2287:
2281:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2255:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2147:
2137:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2096:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2006:. Archived from
1983:
1971:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1888:. Archived from
1873:
1867:
1866:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1756:. pp. 4–0.
1746:
1740:
1739:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1709:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1576:
1570:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1546:. Archived from
1535:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1287:
1282:. Archived from
1276:royalsociety.org
1267:
1254:
1253:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1198:
1171:
1162:
1152:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1101:
1081:
1073:
1054:
1053:
1027:
1021:
1020:
986:
977:
976:
963:
954:
953:
940:
925:
924:
912:
861:Sophie M. Wilson
853:John L. Hennessy
826:Unsworth Academy
742:(FIET). He is a
725:Select Committee
623:networks on chip
614:research group.
516:Bachelor of Arts
461:embedded systems
457:mobile computing
395:
374:
371:
369:
367:
365:
363:
358:
355:
353:
351:
349:
347:
345:
325:Notable students
314:Doctoral advisor
308:
255:Networks on Chip
170:
168:
120:ARM architecture
103:(BA, MMath, PhD)
75:
71:
69:
50:
40:
21:
20:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3351:Acorn Computers
3331:
3330:
3325:
3318:
3309:
3294:
3289:
3280:
3266:Alexander Pines
3239:
3078:Nicholas Hastie
3004:
2991:
2961:
2956:
2940:
2919:
2910:Torch Computers
2869:Acorn Computers
2853:
2821:
2783:
2769:Richard Russell
2717:
2669:
2655:Models A, B, B+
2643:
2638:
2590:
2589:
2570:
2566:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2507:burytimes.co.uk
2501:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2481:burytimes.co.uk
2475:
2474:
2470:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2421:
2409:
2405:
2395:
2393:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2367:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2349:
2345:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2273:
2269:
2216:
2212:
2165:
2161:
2114:
2110:
2079:(13): 193–206.
2061:
2057:
2022:
2018:
2010:
2004:
1981:
1972:
1965:
1955:
1953:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1921:
1919:
1909:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1874:
1870:
1855:
1829:
1825:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1772:
1747:
1743:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1710:
1706:
1699:
1695:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1670:speleotrove.com
1665:
1664:
1660:
1627:
1623:
1577:
1573:
1562:
1558:
1536:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1502:
1498:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1351:
1347:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1311:
1310:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1268:
1257:
1247:
1233:
1229:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1172:
1165:
1154:Steve Furber's
1153:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1116:
1112:
1102:
1074:
1057:
1028:
1024:
987:
980:
964:
957:
941:
928:
913:
906:
901:
881:
818:instruction set
775:Michael Grätzel
709:
678:sensor networks
627:microprocessors
619:neural networks
594:and later, the
587:
563:Acorn Computers
531:research fellow
496:
436:Acorn Computers
383:
360:
359:
342:
306:
290:
286:Acorn Computers
264:
260:Microprocessors
250:Neural Networks
231:
172:
169: 1977)
164:
160:
157:
146:
115:Acorn Computers
97:Alma mater
82:
76:
73:
67:
65:
64:
63:
53:
41:
28:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3454:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3310:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3271:Peter H. Raven
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3251:Claude Allègre
3247:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3068:Graham Goodwin
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2967:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2948:
2946:
2945:Other projects
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2876:
2871:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Hermann Hauser
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2614:
2588:
2587:
2564:
2538:
2520:
2494:
2468:
2450:
2431:
2403:
2386:"Steve Furber"
2377:
2355:
2343:
2329:
2307:
2282:
2267:
2210:
2159:
2108:
2055:
2024:Plana, L. A.;
2016:
2002:
1963:
1933:
1903:
1868:
1853:
1823:
1806:
1789:
1777:
1770:
1741:
1723:
1704:
1693:
1675:
1658:
1621:
1571:
1556:
1527:
1515:
1496:
1479:
1444:
1437:
1419:
1405:
1391:
1372:
1345:
1327:
1255:
1245:
1227:
1210:
1189:(5): 652–665.
1163:
1140:
1110:
1055:
1022:
978:
955:
947:Google Scholar
926:
903:
902:
900:
897:
880:
877:
771:Richard Friend
769:in 2010 (with
721:House of Lords
708:
705:
686:neural systems
666:
665:
662:
606:to become the
596:Acorn Electron
586:
583:
555:Hermann Hauser
549:supervised by
543:fluid dynamics
514:, receiving a
495:
492:
453:microprocessor
376:
375:
340:
336:
335:
332:
331:
326:
322:
321:
316:
310:
309:
298:
292:
291:
289:
288:
283:
278:
272:
270:
266:
265:
263:
262:
257:
252:
246:
244:
240:
239:
233:
232:
230:
229:
223:
217:
211:
205:
202:Lovelace Medal
199:
193:
187:
180:
178:
174:
173:
162:
158:
155:
154:
152:
148:
147:
145:
144:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
111:
109:
108:Known for
105:
104:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
77:
61:
59:
55:
54:
52:Furber in 2009
51:
43:
42:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3453:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3346:Living people
3344:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3317:
3316:
3308:
3307:Brian Warboys
3302:
3297:
3288:
3283:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3207:
3206:Tony Sinclair
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3166:Terence Quinn
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3134:Georgina Mace
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3093:Philip Ingham
3091:
3089:
3088:Judith Howard
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3021:Robin Carrell
3019:
3017:
3016:Allan Bradley
3014:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2998:Royal Society
2995:
2988:
2983:
2981:
2976:
2974:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2780:
2779:Sophie Wilson
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2621:
2616:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2596:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2568:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2534:
2530:
2524:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2446:
2442:
2435:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2407:
2392:on 9 May 2013
2391:
2387:
2381:
2365:
2359:
2352:
2347:
2339:
2333:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2296:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2214:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2163:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2112:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2059:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2026:Furber, S. B.
2020:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1951:
1947:
1946:Techgineering
1943:
1937:
1930:
1918:
1914:
1907:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1833:Furber, S. B.
1827:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1781:
1773:
1771:0-7695-2566-0
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1712:Anon (2009).
1708:
1702:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1671:
1668:
1662:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1625:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1580:Furber, S. B.
1575:
1569:
1565:
1560:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1532:
1524:
1519:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1490:
1483:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1448:
1440:
1438:0-8247-8151-1
1434:
1430:
1423:
1415:
1409:
1401:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1380:Anon (2023).
1376:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1341:
1337:
1331:
1324:
1321:
1315:
1299:
1294:
1285:
1281:
1280:Royal Society
1277:
1273:
1270:Anon (2002).
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1252:
1248:
1246:0-201-67519-6
1242:
1238:
1231:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:Furber, S. B.
1170:
1168:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1106:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1080:
1076:Anon (2015).
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1026:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
993:
985:
983:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
952:
948:
944:
939:
937:
935:
933:
931:
922:
918:
915:Anon (2022).
911:
909:
904:
896:
894:
885:
879:Personal life
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
841:
839:
838:Barclays Bank
835:
834:Radbroke Hall
831:
827:
821:
819:
816:
812:
808:
801:
799:
798:Royal Society
795:
791:
786:
784:
783:Sophie Wilson
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
761:(CBE) in the
760:
755:
753:
749:
748:Faraday Medal
745:
741:
737:
734:(FREng), the
733:
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
704:
702:
698:
697:Royal Society
694:
689:
688:engineering.
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
663:
660:
659:
658:
655:
651:
647:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:fruit machine
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
464:
462:
458:
454:
451:
448:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
402:
399:
394:
390:
386:
382:
373:
357:
341:
337:
333:
330:
327:
323:
320:
317:
315:
311:
304:
303:
299:
297:
293:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
271:
267:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
245:
241:
238:
234:
227:
224:
221:
220:Faraday Medal
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:Mullard Award
188:
185:
182:
181:
179:
175:
153:
149:
143:
142:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
112:
110:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
89:
85:
80:
74:(age 71)
72:21 March 1953
60:
56:
49:
44:
39:
35:
31:
22:
19:
3324:Chris Taylor
3313:Head of the
3312:
3261:Hubert Markl
3256:Per Andersen
3230:Mark Welland
3217:
3210:
3201:Peter Sarnak
3151:David Parker
3143:
3139:John McCanny
3121:
3114:
3107:
3063:Steve Furber
3062:
3058:David Fowler
3040:
3036:John Dainton
2848:White Knight
2846:
2839:
2832:
2744:Steve Furber
2743:
2709:Telesoftware
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2660:Master range
2592:
2591:
2572:
2567:
2559:the original
2550:
2541:
2532:
2523:
2513:19 September
2511:. Retrieved
2506:
2497:
2487:19 September
2485:. Retrieved
2480:
2471:
2463:the original
2453:
2445:the original
2434:
2422:. Retrieved
2416:
2406:
2394:. Retrieved
2390:the original
2380:
2368:. Retrieved
2358:
2346:
2332:
2324:the original
2320:Tv.thiet.org
2319:
2310:
2298:. Retrieved
2294:
2285:
2270:
2227:
2223:
2213:
2176:
2172:
2162:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2076:
2072:
2064:
2063:Temple, S.;
2058:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2008:the original
1985:
1974:
1954:. Retrieved
1950:the original
1945:
1936:
1927:
1920:. Retrieved
1906:
1894:. Retrieved
1890:the original
1881:
1871:
1836:
1832:
1826:
1809:
1792:
1787:17 July 2006
1780:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1707:
1696:
1678:
1669:
1661:
1639:(5): 34–39.
1636:
1630:
1624:
1591:
1587:
1579:
1574:
1559:
1551:
1548:the original
1543:
1518:
1504:Steve Furber
1499:
1482:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1428:
1422:
1408:
1394:
1385:
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1359:the original
1348:
1339:
1330:
1302:. Retrieved
1290:
1284:the original
1275:
1250:
1236:
1230:
1213:
1186:
1182:
1174:
1131:. Retrieved
1123:
1113:
1083:
1032:
1025:
991:
966:Steve Furber
943:Steve Furber
920:
890:
842:
829:
823:
803:
787:
756:
729:
710:
690:
684:(GALS), and
669:
667:
643:
634:
616:
588:
570:
535:aerodynamics
497:
482:, where the
465:
380:
379:
329:Simon Segars
300:
269:Institutions
236:
139:
25:Steve Furber
18:
3341:1953 births
3276:Carl Wunsch
3196:Roy Sambles
3161:Eric Priest
3129:Terry Lyons
2895:Micro Power
2774:Chris Serle
2759:Lesley Judd
2754:Fred Harris
2729:David Allen
2300:7 September
893:bass guitar
559:Chris Curry
528:Rolls-Royce
348:.manchester
3335:Categories
3319:2001–2004
3235:Ian Wilmut
3181:Miles Reid
2703:Micro Live
2065:Furber, S.
2036:(5): 454.
1975:Furber, S.
1750:Furber, S.
1594:(3): 519.
1278:. London:
1107:required.)
899:References
598:, and the
468:Manchester
362:manchester
79:Manchester
68:1953-03-21
3176:Mary Rees
3048:Anne Dell
2862:Companies
2817:BBC BASIC
2802:Acorn MOS
2734:John Coll
2604:CC BY 4.0
1831:Xin Jin;
1616:222345512
1460:: 58–68.
1085:Who's Who
1042:643624237
1009:500446535
873:Micro Men
824:In 2009,
695:(EPSRC),
646:SpiNNaker
592:BBC Micro
575:BBC Micro
522:(MMath –
518:(BA) and
494:Education
440:BBC Micro
404:Professor
368:/research
130:SpiNNaker
125:BBC Micro
87:Education
81:, England
3000:elected
2788:Software
2606:license.
2262:24567480
2205:24904294
2154:24910593
2103:17251143
2067:(2007).
2050:16758888
1977:(2011).
1688:BBC News
1474:28152764
1314:cite web
1205:25268038
1088:(online
1050:36604476
869:BBC Four
699:and the
442:and the
398:Emeritus
356:/sfurber
3244:Foreign
3009:Fellows
3002:in 2002
2996:of the
2994:Fellows
2826:BBCSoft
2551:nae.edu
2424:7 March
2370:10 June
2253:3928907
2232:Bibcode
2196:4033042
2145:4038760
2128:: 131.
2094:2359843
1956:7 March
1922:11 July
1896:7 March
1863:2103654
1820:YouTube
1803:YouTube
1738:. 2009.
1653:9046599
1596:Bibcode
1544:cdyf.me
1493:YouTube
1386:arm.com
1304:9 March
1224:YouTube
1133:7 March
968:at the
921:nae.edu
847:by the
800:reads:
703:(ERC).
545:of the
414:at the
410:in the
372:.furber
354:/people
339:Website
171:
163:
159:
2890:Cumana
2722:People
2713:Ceefax
2580:
2396:23 May
2260:
2250:
2203:
2193:
2179:: 46.
2152:
2142:
2101:
2091:
2048:
2000:
1929:cores.
1861:
1851:
1768:
1651:
1614:
1508:Scopus
1472:
1435:
1243:
1203:
1158:
1048:
1040:
1015:
1007:
830:Furber
670:either
571:Proton
447:32-bit
370:/steve
307:(1979)
305:
296:Thesis
243:Fields
228:(2004)
222:(2007)
216:(2010)
210:(2010)
204:(2014)
198:(2014)
192:(2016)
186:(2022)
177:Awards
151:Spouse
2881:(CST)
2795:Acorn
2046:S2CID
2011:(PDF)
1982:(PDF)
1859:S2CID
1649:S2CID
1612:S2CID
1470:S2CID
1365:6 May
1295:.” --
1201:S2CID
1156:ORCID
1124:Queue
1046:Copac
1013:EThOS
631:EPSRC
428:MMath
393:FREng
391:
387:
196:DFBCS
165:(
161:
38:FREng
36:
32:
2711:via
2600:text
2578:IMDb
2515:2021
2489:2021
2426:2012
2398:2013
2372:2010
2302:2021
2258:PMID
2201:PMID
2150:PMID
2099:PMID
1998:ISBN
1958:2012
1924:2011
1898:2012
1849:ISBN
1766:ISBN
1433:ISBN
1367:2014
1320:link
1306:2016
1241:ISBN
1135:2012
1038:OCLC
1005:OCLC
859:and
773:and
625:and
557:and
478:and
459:and
450:RISC
58:Born
2874:BBC
2576:at
2248:PMC
2240:doi
2228:372
2191:PMC
2181:doi
2140:PMC
2130:doi
2089:PMC
2081:doi
2038:doi
1990:doi
1841:doi
1818:on
1801:on
1758:doi
1641:doi
1604:doi
1566:at
1491:on
1462:doi
1222:on
1191:doi
1187:102
1094:doi
997:doi
815:ARM
537:at
533:in
444:ARM
432:PhD
406:of
401:ICL
389:FRS
385:CBE
366:.uk
364:.ac
352:.uk
350:.ac
346:.cs
344:apt
34:FRS
30:CBE
3337::
2553:.
2549:.
2531:.
2505:.
2479:.
2415:.
2318:.
2293:.
2256:.
2246:.
2238:.
2226:.
2222:.
2199:.
2189:.
2175:.
2171:.
2148:.
2138:.
2124:.
2120:.
2097:.
2087:.
2075:.
2071:.
2044:.
2034:24
2032:.
1996:.
1984:.
1966:^
1944:.
1926:.
1915:.
1884:.
1880:.
1857:.
1847:.
1764:.
1734:.
1716:.
1686:.
1647:.
1637:54
1635:.
1610:.
1602:.
1592:94
1590:.
1582:;
1542:.
1530:^
1468:.
1458:36
1456:.
1384:.
1338:.
1316:}}
1312:{{
1274:.
1258:^
1249:.
1199:.
1185:.
1181:.
1166:^
1143:^
1126:.
1122:.
1082:.
1058:^
1044:.
1011:.
1003:.
981:^
958:^
929:^
919:.
907:^
895:.
855:,
840:.
754:.
641:.
621:,
581:.
490:.
474:,
430:,
426:,
424:BA
167:m.
70:)
2986:e
2979:t
2972:v
2633:e
2626:t
2619:v
2517:.
2491:.
2428:.
2400:.
2374:.
2304:.
2264:.
2242::
2234::
2207:.
2183::
2177:8
2156:.
2132::
2126:8
2105:.
2083::
2077:4
2052:.
2040::
1992::
1960:.
1900:.
1865:.
1843::
1774:.
1760::
1720:.
1672:.
1655:.
1643::
1618:.
1606::
1598::
1476:.
1464::
1441:.
1388:.
1369:.
1342:.
1322:)
1308:.
1207:.
1193::
1137:.
1100:.
1096::
1052:.
1019:.
999::
923:.
422:(
66:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.