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702:, and a failure to develop plans that are executable by the client. As stated above, management consulting is an unregulated profession; anyone or any company can style themselves as management consultants. A number of critical books about management consulting argue that the mismatch between management consulting advice and the ability of executives to actually create the change suggested results in substantial damages to existing businesses. In his book,
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173:, who in 1893 opened an independent consulting practice in Philadelphia. His business card read "Consulting Engineer – Systematizing Shop Management and Manufacturing Costs a Specialty". By inventing Scientific Management, also known as Taylor's method, Frederick Winslow Taylor invented the first method of organizing work, spawning the careers of many more management consultants. For example, one of Taylor's early collaborators,
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proactively, without significant external enforcement, and reactively, with external pressure. Proactive consultant engagement is engaged mainly with aim to find hidden weak spots and improve performance, while the reactive consultant engagement is mostly aimed at solving problems identified by external stakeholders.
282:
austerity drives hit consulting revenues hard. In some markets such as the UK there was a recession in the consulting industry, something which had never happened before or since. There has been a gradual recovery in the consulting industry's growth rate in the intervening years, with a current trend
681:
As with all client-contractor work, liability depends heavily on the subject of contract terms. While the management consulting service provider for obvious reasons has a business reputation to protect, legally there is little protection for the client. This is due to the scope of the contract being
717:
and coauthors also criticize the timing of consultant services. Client organizations, which are usually lacking the knowledge they want to obtain from the consultant, cannot correctly estimate the right timing for an engagement of consultants. Consultants are usually engaged too late when problems
685:
As with other client-contractor relationships, settling for liabilities that exist outside the scope of the contract deliverables has been proven to be of considerable difficulty, also in management consulting. For this reason, it is important that clients procuring management consulting services
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discussed the prevalent trends within the consulting industry to evolve. The authors noted that with knowledge being democratized and information becoming more and more accessible to anyone, the role of management consultants is rapidly changing. Moreover, with more online platforms that connect
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A period of significant growth in the early 1980s was driven by demand for strategy and organization consultancies. The wave of growth in the 1990s was driven by both strategy and information technology advice. In the second half of the 1980s, the big accounting firms entered the IT consulting
306:
The functions of consulting services are commonly broken down into eight task categories. Consultants can function as bridges for information and knowledge, and external consultants can provide these bridging services more economically than client firms themselves. Consultants can be engaged
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188:
in the 1930s, and was driven by demand for advice on finance, strategy and organization. From the 1950s onwards, consultancies expanded their activities considerably in the United States, and also opened offices in Europe and later in Asia and South
America.
49:. Organizations may draw upon the services of management consultants for a number of reasons, including gaining external (and presumably objective) advice and accessing consultants' specialized expertise regarding concerns that call for additional oversight.
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become visible to the top of the client's organizational pyramid. A proactive checkup, like a regular medical checkup, is recommended. On the other side, this opens additional danger for abuse from disreputable practitioners.
381:
Consultants have specialized skills on tasks that would involve high internal coordination costs for clients, such as organization-wide changes or the implementation of information technology. In addition, because of
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believes that much of the advice given today has real merit. However, a close examination shows that most advice given today contains gaps and inconsistencies that may prevent positive outcomes in the future.
1403:
255:. By the mid-1990s these firms had outgrown those service providers focusing on corporate strategy and organization. While three of the Big Four legally divided the different service lines after the
251:) had always offered advice in addition to their traditional services, but after the late 1980s these activities became increasingly important in relation to the maturing market of accounting and
166:
Inc., founded in 1886 as a partnership, and later incorporated in 1909. Although Arthur D. Little later became a general management consultancy, it originally specialized in technical research.
371:
Management consulting often involves a mix of both of these categories. In the modern economic environment, management consulting firms are typically classified under the umbrella term of
267:. The name change was effective starting January 1, 2001, and Accenture is currently the largest consulting firm in the world in employee headcount. They are publicly traded on the
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1991:
313:, McKinsey's long-term director, has mentioned the benefits of a consultant's externality, that they have varied experience outside the client company.
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2196:
1013:"CPAs Who Perform Management Consulting Services May Face Increased Expsoure to Controlling Person Liability under the Federal Securities Acts Note"
673:
offer management consulting services to nonprofits, philanthropies, and mission-driven organizations. Some, but not all, are nonprofits themselves.
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343:
Specialized management consulting, which concerns questions that are specific to a certain function or subset of the client organization, such as
274:
The industry stagnated in 2001 before recovering after 2003 and then enjoying a period of sustained double-digit annual revenue growth until the
1101:
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towards a clearer segmentation of management consulting firms. In recent years, management consulting firms actively recruit top graduates from
1050:
1192:
531:
333:
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and the ensuing breakdown of Arthur
Andersen, they are now back in the consulting business. In 2000, Andersen Consulting broke off from
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1283:
278:. As financial services and government were two of the largest spenders on consulting services, the financial crash and the resulting
1954:
1802:
1074:"The relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty: a study on the management consulting industry"
587:
99:
or frameworks to guide the identification of problems and to serve as the basis for recommendations with a view to more effective or
340:, and so forth. It entails questions that are relevant to the entirety of the client organization as a whole, on a management level.
177:, opened his own management consultancy in 1905. Taylor's method was used worldwide until industry switched to a method invented by
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1878:
756:
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Bessant, John; Rush, Howard (January 1995). "Building bridges for innovation: the role of consultants in technology transfer".
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The industry experienced significant growth in the 1980s and 1990s, gaining considerable importance in relation to national
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2013:
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Kipping, M. 2002. "Trapped in their wave: the evolution of management consultancies," in T. Clark and R. Fincham (eds.).
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functions and, for various legal and practical reasons, may not be seen as a replacement for internal management. Unlike
17:
1681:"Determinants of perceived success in management consulting: An empirical investigation from the consultant perspective"
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As Arthur D. Little focused on technical research for the first few years, the first management consultancy was that of
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Rhodes
Scholars, Oxford, and the Creation of an American Elite – Thomas J. Schaeper, Kathleen Schaeper – Google Books
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think twice about what type of help they need, so that the scope, length and content of contract reflects such need.
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In more recent times, traditional management consulting firms have had to face increasing challenges from disruptive
275:
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1426:"American Management Consulting Companies in Western Europe, 1920 to 1990: Products, Reputation, and Relationships"
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Bessant, J., and H. Rush 1995. "Building bridges for innovation: the role of consultants in technology transfer,"
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792:
752:
655:
3509:
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386:, consultants' focus on and experience in gathering information across markets and industries enables a higher
185:
60:". However, the specific nature of situations under consideration may limit the ability or appropriateness of
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2474:
1975:
1312:
95:
development, or operational improvement services. Management consultants often bring their own proprietary
3519:
2714:
2217:
Argyris, Chris. Flawed Advice and the
Management Trap. New York: Oxford University Press, USA, 2000. Print.
1603:"Timing of Proactive Organizational Consulting: Difference between Organizational Perception and Behaviour"
209:
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3213:
2847:
2634:
2309:
2176:
387:
115:
2229:"Estimating consultant engagement in the corporate lifecycle: Study of the bias in South Eastern Europe"
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847:
3208:
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business executives to relevant consultants, the role of the traditional 'firm' is being questioned.
445:
439:
375:
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that are aiming to cater to the increasing number of freelance management consulting professionals.
46:
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2469:
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1196:
743:
This document represents the first international standard for the management consultancy industry.
615:
248:
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developed VBM approaches. Value-based management became prominent during the late 1980s and 1990s.
170:
64:
such practices from one organization to another. Management consulting is an additional service to
3397:
3243:
3203:
3041:
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2769:
2742:
2732:
2575:
2043:
822:
647:
602:
550:
422:
268:
217:
2228:
1908:
72:, management consultants do not become part of the organization to which they provide services.
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857:
832:
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352:
236:
232:
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174:
143:
100:
42:
1396:"Andersen Consulting Announces New Name — Accenture — Effective 01.01.01 | Accenture Newsroom"
1371:
Customer Value, Shareholder Wealth, Community
Wellbeing: A Roadmap for Companies and Investors
1341:
Customer Value, Shareholder Wealth, Community
Wellbeing: A Roadmap for Companies and Investors
1123:
3452:
3238:
3135:
3036:
2989:
2950:
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2774:
2759:
2747:
2709:
2570:
1339:
1222:
867:
862:
842:
817:
643:
464:) have been working in the strategy consulting market since 2010. In 2013, Deloitte acquired
417:
360:
295:
213:
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1287:
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787:
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611:
2233:
Management: Journal of
Sustainable Business and Management Solutions in Emerging Economies
1938:
8:
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3082:
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2500:
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623:
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928:
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383:
372:
147:
119:
111:
69:
65:
61:
1124:"The Role of Government in Developing the Management Consulting Industry in Countries"
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1983:
1946:
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1097:
827:
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477:
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325:
197:
193:
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76:
2187:(4). Scandinavian Journal of Management Volume 10, Issue 4, December 1994: 421–436.
2149:
3223:
2981:
2971:
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2754:
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2240:
2188:
2127:
2095:
Dangerous
Company: The Consulting Powerhouses and the Businesses They Save and Ruin
2055:
1744:
1692:
1437:
1237:
1162:
1151:"The Market for Management Consulting in Britain: An Analysis of Supply and Demand"
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84:
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802:
288:
260:
139:
131:
53:
658:. Other for-profit firms have spun off nonprofit consulting organizations, e.g.
433:
162:, as a unique field of study. One of the first management consulting firms was
52:
As a result of their exposure to and relationships with numerous organizations,
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2540:
2510:
2131:
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2119:
2059:
1166:
3503:
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3253:
2343:
The World's Newest
Profession: Management Consulting in the Twentieth Century
2254:
1987:
1950:
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1696:
707:
465:
279:
256:
184:
The initial period of growth in the consulting industry was triggered by the
135:
57:
1483:
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Schlegelmilch, Bodo B.; Diamantopoulos, Adamantios; Anne Moore, S. (1992).
751:
An international qualification for a management consulting practitioner is
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497:
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and French businesses of OC&C in 2016 and 2017, with all now under the
489:
481:
329:
310:
204:(VBM), or "managing for value", in the 1980s based on the academic work of
127:
38:
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959:
682:
the only thing subject to potential insurance claims as well as lawsuits.
3281:
2479:
96:
2044:"Risk under performance-based contracting in the UK construction sector"
932:
916:
110:
of management consulting firms is in general to help and facilitate the
27:
Consulting services that help organizations to improve their performance
3286:
2698:
2520:
2408:
1679:
Bronnenmayer, Matias; Wirtz, Bernd W.; Göttel, Vincent (January 2016).
1484:"ACN : Summary for Accenture plc Class A Ordinary - Yahoo Finance"
1449:
1271:
Critical
Consulting: New Perspectives on the Management Advice Industry
797:
639:
356:
284:
205:
159:
88:
34:
2227:
Adizes, Ichak Kalderon; Rodic, Dusanka; Cudanov, Mladen (2017-09-21).
2054:(7). Construction Management and Economics, Volume 25, 2007: 691–699.
1907:
Christensen, Clayton M.; Wang, Dina; Bever, Derek van (October 2013).
1545:
Christensen, Clayton M.; Wang, Dina; Bever, Derek van (October 2013).
3188:
3031:
1241:
1148:
730:
264:
1441:
960:"Knowledge transfer and management consulting: A look at "The firm""
2598:
737:
695:
694:
Management consultants are sometimes criticized for the overuse of
520:
449:
321:
252:
92:
80:
1195:. MIT Institute Archives & Special Collections. Archived from
484:. From 2010 to 2013, several Big Four firms have tried to acquire
2280:"ISO 20700:2017 - Guidelines for management consultancy services"
493:
348:
107:
1879:"French arm of strategy consultancy OC&C joins Parthenon-EY"
2366:
316:
Management consulting could be classified into two categories:
123:
3331:
Association of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering
2667:
2434:
2377:
1574:
Turner, A. N. 1982. "Consulting is more than giving advice,"
1284:"GSB | Chicago: The Distinguished Alumnus Awards: Joel Stern"
759:. Additional trainings and courses exist, often as part of a
626:
served. As such, the firms utilize their ability to serve as
434:
Big Four accounting firms in the management consulting market
2177:"Management consultants: Client and consultant perspectives"
1939:"A Nonprofit Consultant Offers Free Strategic Advice Online"
2608:
1772:"This Is What Being a Management Consultant Actually Means"
576:
473:
453:
240:
2613:
1236:(4). National Association for Business Economics: 59–68.
726:
457:
344:
2042:
Ancell, Debbie; Grunberg, Stephen; Hughes, Will (2007).
1678:
1601:
Adizes, Ichak; Cudanov, Mladen; Rodic, Dusanka (2017).
2340:
1799:"The Big Three: meet the world's top consulting firms"
1512:
Schaeper, Thomas J.; Schaeper, Kathleen (2010-01-15).
1072:
Wang, I-Ming; Shieh, Chich-Jen; Hsiao, Juimin (2005).
398:
390:
than if clients were to perform research themselves.
2041:
1906:
1544:
1854:"Limitless? Big Four strategic moves in consulting"
958:Beyerlein, Michael M.; Lahti, Ryan K. (July 2000).
630:within each market segment and industry addressed.
618:of industry-specific branches, with one branch per
134:. However, the exact nature of the value of such a
2226:
1600:
409:Three consulting firms are widely regarded as the
2349:
2092:
964:Vezetéstudomány - Management and Business Journal
755:(CMC) available in the United States through the
3501:
1511:
1078:Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences
998:Management Consulting: A Guide to the Profession
765:Master of Business Administration § Content
1367:
1337:
192:The management consulting firms Stern Stewart,
2174:
1071:
957:
734:Guidelines for Management Consultancy Services
488:. EY followed the trend, with acquisitions of
320:General management consulting, which concerns
2683:
2393:
917:"The Origins of Modern Management Consulting"
746:
334:environmental social and corporate governance
1644:The Oxford Handbook of Management Consulting
1640:
158:Management consulting grew with the rise of
2175:Poulfelt, Flemming; Paynee, Adrian (1994).
2120:"Consultant liability and client relations"
1734:
1317:. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. p. 817.
1084:(2). Taylor & Francis Online: 371–384.
2690:
2676:
2400:
2386:
2014:"Helping Make Clients' Philanthropy Count"
1801:. No. 72. The Gateway. Archived from
1641:Clark, Timothy; Kipping, Matthias (2012).
1436:(2). Cambridge University Press: 190–220.
721:
2244:
1368:Kilroy, Denis; Schneider, Marvin (2017).
1338:Kilroy, Denis; Schneider, Marvin (2017).
1223:"The Global Management Consulting Sector"
1220:
910:
908:
892:In other words, subject to market demand.
2093:Madigan, Charles; O'Shea, James (1997).
1796:
927:(1). Cambridge University Press: 51–58.
633:
1423:
1310:
1221:Gross, Andrew C.; Poor, Jozsef (2008).
1216:
1214:
914:
757:Institute of Management Consultants USA
14:
3502:
2314:Professional Development | Harvard DCE
2011:
1936:
1909:"Consulting on the Cusp of Disruption"
1778:from the original on 14 September 2022
1547:"Consulting on the Cusp of Disruption"
1363:
1361:
1344:. Springer. pp. 5, 12–16, 24–25.
1306:
1304:
1185:
1053:from the original on 14 September 2022
1000:. Geneva: International Labour Office.
991:
989:
905:
610:Large management consulting firms and
291:, and students from top MBA programs.
2671:
2381:
2117:
2048:Construction Management and Economics
1769:
729:published the international standard
704:Flawed Advice and the Management Trap
75:Consultancies provide organizational
45:or in any way to assist in achieving
2290:from the original on 16 January 2018
1825:"Consultancy firms: Strategic moves"
1211:
995:
939:from the original on 4 November 2022
778:Big Three (management consultancies)
405:Big Three (management consultancies)
3367:Bachelor of Business Administration
2630:List of management consulting firms
1770:Lande, Samantha (8 December 2017).
1647:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1358:
1301:
1193:"Scatter Acorns That Oaks May Grow"
986:
212:. Other consulting firms including
24:
3468:Organizational behavior management
2334:
2181:Scandinavian Journal of Management
1703:from the original on 11 April 2023
1173:from the original on 11 April 2023
1130:from the original on 11 April 2023
1104:from the original on 11 April 2023
399:Big Three management consultancies
25:
3531:
3382:Doctor of Business Administration
3372:Master of Business Administration
2465:Information technology consulting
2359:
2156:from the original on 4 April 2023
2074:from the original on 5 April 2023
1010:
974:from the original on 25 June 2022
970:(7–8). Corvinus Research: 91–99.
698:, reliance on and propagation of
654:at subsidized rates as a form of
231:segment. The then Big Eight, now
56:are typically aware of industry "
3483:
2652:
2651:
2365:
2246:10.7595/management.fon.2017.0015
2199:from the original on 21 May 2022
1797:Szczerba, Marta (5 March 2014).
1464:from the original on 21 May 2022
1043:"What is Management Consulting?"
1023:from the original on 4 July 2022
915:McKenna, Christopher D. (1995).
118:and optimization of the various
2516:Certified management consultant
2341:Christopher D. McKenna (2006).
2320:from the original on 2021-09-27
2302:
2272:
2261:from the original on 2018-04-27
2220:
2211:
2168:
2111:
2086:
2035:
2024:from the original on 2020-01-03
2012:Dagher, Veronica (2011-04-13).
2005:
1994:from the original on 2020-01-03
1968:
1957:from the original on 2020-01-03
1930:
1919:from the original on 2016-03-03
1900:
1889:from the original on 2017-09-25
1871:
1860:from the original on 2019-03-27
1846:
1835:from the original on 2015-03-23
1817:
1790:
1763:
1728:
1715:
1691:(6). Emerald Insight: 706–738.
1672:
1661:from the original on 2022-05-13
1634:
1623:from the original on 2018-11-04
1594:
1581:
1568:
1557:from the original on 2016-03-15
1538:
1505:
1494:from the original on 2017-02-02
1476:
1417:
1406:from the original on 2017-02-03
1388:
1331:
1276:
1263:
793:Business process re-engineering
753:Certified Management Consultant
656:corporate social responsibility
650:, offer consulting services to
349:financial management consulting
103:ways of performing work tasks.
3346:Chartered Management Institute
2697:
2407:
1856:. Beaton Capital. 2014-04-14.
1142:
1116:
1090:10.1080/02522667.2005.10699655
1065:
1035:
1004:
951:
886:
208:, Bill Alberts, and Professor
13:
1:
2475:Risk and strategic consulting
2345:. Cambridge University Press.
921:Business and Economic History
899:
353:digital management consulting
276:financial crisis of 2007–2008
263:and announced their new name
33:is the practice of providing
2715:Index of management articles
2193:10.1016/0956-5221(94)90028-0
2097:. New York: Crown Business.
1749:10.1016/0048-7333(93)00751-e
1286:. 2013-01-23. Archived from
689:
676:
642:consulting firms, including
7:
3351:Critical management studies
3214:Full range leadership model
2635:List of IT consulting firms
1937:Krauss, Alan (2008-11-10).
1273:. Oxford: Blackwell, 28–49.
770:
736:on June 1, 2017, replacing
595:
301:
79:assistance, development of
10:
3536:
3341:Certified Business Manager
2354:. Oxford University Press.
2310:"The Consultant's Toolkit"
2132:10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498160
2126:. IEEE. pp. 525–527.
2124:Conference Record Southcon
1685:Management Research Review
1424:Kipping, Matthias (1999).
1311:Chandra, Prasanna (2007).
848:Organizational development
747:Training and certification
669:Many firms outside of the
437:
402:
186:Glass–Steagall Banking Act
153:
3481:
3390:
3359:
3323:
3295:
3267:
3209:Evidence-based management
3179:
3153:
3081:
3055:
3012:
2980:
2936:
2925:
2871:
2806:
2799:
2788:
2723:
2705:
2647:
2622:
2589:
2561:
2554:
2488:
2460:Human resource consulting
2415:
2060:10.1080/01446190601164097
1976:"Virtue's intermediaries"
1167:10.1108/00251749210011197
853:Organizational psychology
783:Big Four accounting firms
440:Big Four accounting firms
393:
47:organizational objectives
3463:Organization development
3219:Management by objectives
2470:Public sector consulting
2450:Environmental consulting
2440:Biotechnology consulting
1725:. New York: McGraw-Hill.
1697:10.1108/MRR-06-2014-0145
879:
249:Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
171:Frederick Winslow Taylor
3244:Social entrepreneurship
3204:Earned value management
2576:Boston Consulting Group
1913:Harvard Business Review
1576:Harvard Business Review
1551:Harvard Business Review
1430:Business History Review
1374:. Springer. p. 5.
1047:managementconsulted.com
1019:. Law Journal Library.
823:Institute of Consulting
722:International standards
603:Harvard Business Review
600:In 2013, an article in
423:Boston Consulting Group
359:management consulting,
347:management consulting,
3515:Management occupations
3490:Systems science portal
3433:Management development
3428:Management cybernetics
3413:Executive compensation
3249:Sustainable management
3111:Information technology
3091:Environmental resource
2571:McKinsey & Company
2445:Engineering consulting
2372:Management consultants
2352:Management Consultancy
2350:Joe O'Mahoney (2006).
1400:newsroom.accenture.com
1161:(2). Emerald Insight.
858:Organizational studies
833:Management cybernetics
813:Industrial engineering
539:PricewaterhouseCoopers
492:in 2014, and both the
418:McKinsey & Company
237:PricewaterhouseCoopers
225:gross domestic product
202:value-based management
175:Morris Llewellyn Cooke
3510:Management consulting
3453:Managerial psychology
3418:Management consulting
3239:Scientific management
3022:Customer relationship
2710:Outline of management
2425:Management consulting
2118:Tutle, E. G. (1994).
1630:– via ECONSTOR.
868:Outline of management
863:Outline of consulting
843:Operations management
818:Industrial psychology
634:Nonprofit consultants
612:professional networks
361:operations management
31:Management consulting
3448:Managerial economics
3408:Corporate governance
3315:Oliver E. Williamson
3194:Collaborative method
2536:Fixed-price contract
2374:at Wikimedia Commons
1885:. 6 September 2017.
1314:Financial Management
1049:. 25 December 2019.
996:Kubr, Milan (2002).
873:Strategic management
788:Business development
472:—while PwC acquired
235:, accounting firms (
3520:Market intelligence
3310:Eliyahu M. Goldratt
2506:Business networking
2501:Business consultant
1805:on 4 September 2014
1610:Amfiteatru Economic
1155:Management Decision
490:The Parthenon Group
338:risk and compliance
296:online marketplaces
66:internal management
18:Strategy consulting
3473:Pointy-haired Boss
3423:Management control
3259:Virtual management
2581:Bain & Company
2496:Accounting network
2430:Assurance services
1943:The New York Times
1883:www.consultancy.uk
1723:The Will to Manage
1518:. Berghahn Books.
1230:Business Economics
838:Management science
478:Booz & Company
428:Bain & Company
384:economies of scale
194:Marakon Associates
122:pertaining to the
70:interim management
3497:
3496:
3443:Management system
3377:PhD in management
3149:
3148:
3008:
3007:
2921:
2920:
2889:Product lifecycle
2665:
2664:
2643:
2642:
2604:Ernst & Young
2546:Shareholder value
2531:Strategy+Business
2455:Financial adviser
2370:Media related to
1525:978-0-85745-369-3
1488:finance.yahoo.com
828:Knowledge economy
628:knowledge brokers
593:
592:
558:Ernst & Young
462:Ernst & Young
373:corporate service
326:corporate finance
271:with ticker ACN.
245:Ernst & Young
179:W. Edwards Deming
138:may vary greatly
108:economic function
77:change management
41:to improve their
16:(Redirected from
3527:
3487:
3224:Management style
2934:
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1721:Bower, M. 1982.
1719:
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1242:10.2145/20080408
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1218:
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1199:on 12 March 2017
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1011:Vines, James K.
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503:
502:
470:Monitor Deloitte
365:Executive search
363:consulting, and
210:Alfred Rappaport
164:Arthur D. Little
124:geographic areas
91:implementation,
85:process analysis
54:consulting firms
21:
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3336:Business school
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3277:Decision-making
3269:
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3234:Micromanagement
3229:Macromanagement
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3101:Human resources
3096:Field inventory
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2335:Further reading
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2286:. 30 May 2017.
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1616:(44): 232–248.
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700:management fads
692:
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614:have adopted a
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289:Rhodes Scholars
261:Arthur Andersen
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2541:MECE principle
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2511:Case interview
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2360:External links
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1982:. 2006-02-25.
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130:in which they
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3305:Peter Drucker
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