2616:. The meeting of the General Assembly turned out to be secret, even the press that was officially accredited under the WPA General Assembly was removed from the room. It was followed by something of the trial against the official Soviet psychiatry. The situation was quite unbalanced, to put it mildly. The six or seven members of the Russian delegation were seated in a row on the stage. As a result, there were no more available seats on the stage, and, thus, Gluzman and his interpreter had to stand at the foot of the stage, at least a meter below. It looked like seven against one and gave the visual impression of a lost battle. However, many members of the Congress sympathized with Gluzman, who agreed to participate in the debate with the Soviet delegation. In addition, the Soviet representatives made a very bad impression, repeating the standard Soviet propaganda that was completely opposing what had already been published in the Soviet press. Gluzman, on his part, was in his best shape. His story was not only sharp and clear but also he even showed compassion to the Soviet representatives who sat on the stage high above him. Perhaps, the WPA hoped that the debate would make opinions change in favour of the Soviets but the opposite happened. It has strengthened the view of their opponents that too few changes occurred in Soviet psychiatry to allow the return of the Soviet Society and that their statements were still dominated by lies.
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strictly regulate all aspects of the provision of psychiatric care and prevent new political abuses of the keepers of ideological purity in Soviet community who wore white gowns. No less important task was to release the maximum number of political and religious prisoners from psychiatric hospitals. Something that seemed to Soviet psychiatric leaders to be impossible had to be promised to them so that they agree to conduct such an event. To that end, the government officials played up the need for the visit in every possible way by using the argument that its success, if any, would enable to resume Soviet membership in the World
Psychiatric Association. The psychiatric leaders swallowed the bait. Later on, Andrei Kovalyov wrote about the attempts to intimidate him by psychiatric measures during the preparation of the event.
2681:, just chosen as President-Elect, proposed a resolution which included the statement read by Morozov, and then adding that within one year the Review Committee should visit the Soviet Union and that if evidence of continued political abuse of psychiatry were to be found, a special meeting of the General Assembly should be convoked to give consideration to suspension of membership of the Soviets. In the end, 291 votes were cast for the resolution, 45 against, with 19 abstentions. The Soviets were readmitted to the WPA under conditions and on the ground of having made a public confession of the existence of previous psychiatric abuse and having given a commitment to review any present or subsequent cases and to sustain and introduce reforms to the psychiatric system and new mental health legislation.
1512:
Snezhnevsky, a head of the Soviet delegation, in the
Medvedev case. When speakers demanded that the Congress go on record against the confinement of dissidents in psychiatric hospitals, the Soviet delegation and Snezhnevsky instantly walked out. They said that they could not talk about the issue since the Congress lacked official interpretation into Russian. At this Congress, Western psychiatrists tried to censure their Soviet colleagues for the first time. But the charges of psychiatric abuse were new, the campaign was disorganized, and Snezhnevsky, who headed the Soviet delegation, remained unscathed. He said in rebuttal that the accusations were a "cold-war maneuver carried out at the hands of experts." The WPA General Secretary
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Congress and "anti-Soviet materials" from being spread in the main congress hall. In 1977 at the World
Congress in Honolulu, Snezhnevsky again defended psychiatric practices used in his country. Two motions were put to the vote, a British one condemning the systematic political abuse of psychiatry in the USSR and an American one calling on the World Psychiatric Association to constitute a review committee to investigate the allegations of political abuse of psychiatry. The British resolution passed with 90 to 88 votes and only because the Poles did not come and the Russians, having been tardy in their dues payments, were not allowed to cast all votes allocated to them. Some regarded the resolution as a
30:
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not only political but any abuse of psychiatry. As it was emphasized, the WPA is not a human rights organization and the Review
Committee should only examine complaints about specific acts of abuse carried out by specific psychiatrists against specific persons. The 1999 General Assembly modified the mandate of the Review Committee as follows: "The Review Committee shall review complaints and other issues and initiate investigations on the violations of the ethical guidelines for the practice of psychiatry as stated in the Declaration of Madrid and its additional guidelines in order to make recommendations to the Executive Committee as to any possible action."
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dissenters to mental hospitals. The allegations, confirmed by some Soviet psychiatrists who had fled or emigrated to the West, induced the World
Psychiatric Association to condemn the USSR for the "systematic abuse of psychiatry for political purposes." Kremlin spokesmen ignored the action as a provocation "by a handful of antipsychiatric and antisocial elements" and began a propaganda campaign to contradict the accusations. The American resolution requesting to set up a Review Committee received a larger majority of votes, 121 votes against 66. Snezhnevsky returned to Moscow wounded, with members of his delegation putting the blame for their defeat on the "
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psychiatrists. Whereas the delegation originally sought interviews with 48 persons, it eventually saw 15 hospitalized and 12 discharged patients. About half of the hospitalized patients were released in the two months between the submission of the initial list of names to the
Soviets authorities and the departure from the Soviet Union of the US delegation. The delegation came to the conclusion that nine of the 15 hospitalized patients had disorders which would be classified in the United States as serious psychoses, diagnoses corresponding broadly with those used by the Soviet psychiatrists. One of the hospitalized patients had been diagnosed as having
1552:, mainly on the ground that he had, with anti-Soviet intention, circulated false reports that mentally healthy political dissenters were incarcerated in mental hospitals and were subjected to abuse there. Action Group for the Defence of Human Rights stated that Bukosky was arrested as a direct result of his appeal to world's psychiatrists, thereby suggesting that now they held his destiny in their hands. In one of his books, Bukovsky attributed his punishment to the timorousness of the WPA Congress in Mexico City in 1972: "… as a result of the timorousness of the Congress, I was given 12 years of punishment "for slandering Soviet psychiatry"."
1239:, the term "punitive medicine", which is identified with "punitive psychiatry," is defined as "a tool in the struggle against dissidents who cannot be punished by legal means." Punitive psychiatry is neither a discrete subject nor a psychiatric specialty but, rather, it is an emergency arising within many applied sciences in totalitarian countries where members of a profession may feel themselves compelled to service the diktats of power. Psychiatric confinement of sane people is uniformly considered a particularly pernicious form of repression and Soviet punitive psychiatry was one of the key weapons of both illegal and legal repression.
1861:
Ethical Sub-Committee of the
Executive Committee established in 1973 in response to the increasing number of protests against using psychiatry for non-medical reasons. One of the principles stated in the Declaration was that a psychiatrist must not take part in compulsory psychiatric treatment in the absence of mental disease, and the Declaration also included other clauses which could be considered as heaving a bearing on the political abuse psychiatry. The General Assembly accepted the Declaration of Hawaii without difficulty, and without opposition by the Delegation of the Soviets. However, the Declaration was later criticized by
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1499:. In this letter published on 16 September 1971, they reported that four of the six dissidents manifested no signs or history of mental disease, and the other two had minor psychiatric problems many years ago, quite removed from the events related to their internment. The group of British psychiatrists concluded: "It seems to us that the diagnoses on the six people were made purely in consequence of actions in which they were exercising fundamental freedoms...". They recommended discussing the issue in the course of the forthcoming World Psychiatric Association (WPA) World Congress in
1833:, deputy head of the Fifth Directorate of the KGB (which dealt, inter alia, with dissenters), with the support of deputy head of the First Division of the Fifth Directorate Colonel Romanov who, according to the report, would travel with the Soviet delegation to Honolulu as "political advisor". The minutes of the meeting demonstrate that Western preparations for the Honolulu World Congress were under the Soviet concern in which the leading part was played by the KGB of the Soviet Union. Not long before the World Congress, a high-level conference was held in
2250:
families of patients and had never received a response from the authorities. In the statement, he mentioned that 20 cases were referred over to the World
Psychiatric Association for further investigation by their committee to review alleged abuses of psychiatry for political purposes and a number of these cases were sent to the All Union Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists of the USSR for clarification and response, but when months and months went by and the World Psychiatric Association had received no response from Soviet colleagues, the
2793:, "All this democracy will soon run out, guys who will come to power, will start repression, and you, Dr. Gluzman, and I will have a hard time. So let's at least get these guys blocked from this possibility and adopt a civilized law eliminating the possibility of psychiatric repression!" At a meeting held by the Health Committee of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in the autumn of 1991, the Law was approved, particularly in the speeches by the four members of the WPA commission, but this event was followed by the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
1865:, who found its ethical guideline No 1 to be misleading and stated that when health, personal autonomy and growth—without referring to mental illness—were formulated as the direct aim of psychiatry, the menace of vast expansion of psychiatry would increase and that the renunciation of an illness concept appeared to be an essential source for the 'total psychiatrisation of everybody and everything' which was also deplored by Blomquist in his commentary. At the plenary session, an Ethics Committee was also established under the chairmanship of
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asserted overtly that they would not collaborate with the Review
Committee, and they confirmed their stance in three letters, in which they claimed that the Review Committee was an "illegal formation," that they would continue not to acknowledge its existence and that no cooperation could be expected. That stance would remain unaltered over the years to come. Finally, the Review Committee was largely made powerless when the President and General Secretary of the WPA decided to bypass it and began to communicate with the Soviets directly.
2624:, a Dutch delegate Roelof ten Doesschate, an American delegate Harold Visotsky, and a German delegate Johannes Meyer-Lindenberg. The situation was unique: the World Congress is continuing, the press is agog, the WPA Executive Committee has been moved to the side, and the four delegates are carrying on negotiations with Yuri Reshetov, who is in constant contact with Moscow, receiving instructions. In this way, the "full independence" of Soviet psychiatry from the state apparatus has once again been demonstrated.
1923:. In 1977, the Commission created a "Sub-Commission to study, with a view to formulating guidelines, if possible, the question of the protection of those detained on the grounds of mental ill-health against treatment that might adversely affect the human personality and its physical and intellectual integrity." The Sub-Commission subsequently appointed its two Special Rapporteurs the primary task to "determine whether adequate grounds existed for detaining persons on the grounds of mental ill-health."
2836:. Can it be reborn? Certainly. Those who consider themselves "statists" (that is those for whom the state is everything and a person is nothing), at least, would not surely object to this. It took years of intense struggle to eliminate punitive psychiatry. For its rebirth, it is enough to have not even evil will (which though cannot be ruled out, especially on the part of those who would improve their positions in society and get more power in that way) but a simple thoughtlessness, error, blunder.
1977:
15154:
14018:
691:
2500:, Supplement to Vol. 15, No. 4, 1989. The report by the American psychiatrists, who inspected a number of Soviet psychiatric hospitals in March 1989, remained secret for all ordinary psychiatrists of the country. It reached the point of absurdity when the administration of the special hospitals visited by the American doctors sent the WPA a request to send them the report from the USA. The American part has translated the obtained Soviet reply into Russian but even the action has not made the
885:, created the very preconditions under which non-standard beliefs could easily be transformed into a criminal case, and it, in its turn, into a psychiatric diagnosis. Anti-Soviet political behavior, in particular, being outspoken in opposition to the authorities, demonstrating for reform, writing books were defined in some persons as being simultaneously a criminal act (e.g., violation of Articles 70 or 190-1), a symptom (e.g., "delusion of reformism"), and a diagnosis (e.g., "
1397:"In recent years in our country a number of court orders have been made involving the placing in psychiatric hospitals ("of special type" and otherwise) of people who in the opinion of their relatives and close friends are mentally healthy. These people are: Grigorenko, Rips, Gorbanevskaya, Novodvorskaya, Yakhimovich, Gershuni, Fainberg, Victor Kuznetsov, Iofe, V. Borisov and others – people well known for their initiative in defence of civil rights in the U.S.S.R.
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1605:, stated that talk in the West of the forced commitment of certain dissident representatives of the intelligentsia to psychiatric hospitals was "a component part of the anti-Soviet propaganda campaign that certain circles are trying to stir up in pursuit of highly improper political aims." In 2013, Robert van Voren, who participated in the struggle against abuse of Soviet psychiatry, confirmed that supporting Soviet dissidents was part of anti-Soviet policy.
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15142:
828:
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2628:
Schulzinger, the incumbent
General Secretary, decided to run for the presidency. Candidates were asked to submit their nominations and accompany them by a short speech and explanation why they would be the best choice. Schulzinger went first. His speech began quietly, but soon he got excited, especially when it came to the issue of the membership of the Soviets. To the surprise of delegates, he accused his contestants of being funded by the
1624:
2574:, who played a prominent part in the press conference, answered hesitatingly that "such cases" could have taken place during the period of stagnation "but there was a need to distinguish between psychiatric, legal and political aspects." Koryagin persevered with his challenge and countered that these answers failed to clarify whether an acknowledgment was being made that Soviet psychiatry had been misused for political reasons.
2066:. The task stated by the commission was not primarily to diagnose persons or to declare people who sought help mentally ill or mentally healthy. However, in some instances individuals who came for help to the commission were examined by a psychiatrist who provided help to the commission and made a precise diagnosis of their mental condition. At first it was psychiatrist Alexander Voloshanovich from the Moscow suburb of
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1365:
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basically new attitude to the mentally ill as persons reserving all their civil and political rights and freedoms. In 1993, when the IPA printed the Law in 50 thousand copies for the general reader, quite a number of heads of the Moscow psychoneurologic dispensaries refused to circulate the Law. Over time, these difficulties were overcome. It became obligatory to know the Law to pass the certification exam.
2121:, it became evident to him that Soviet officials at high levels paid close attention to foreign responses to these cases, and if someone was discharged, all dissidents felt the pressure had played a significant part and the more foreign pressure the better. Over fifty victims examined by psychiatrists of the Moscow Working Commission between 1977 and 1981 and the files smuggled to the West by
1556:
2534:
necessary to show that it is not society that needs to be protected from the mentally ill, but the ill need to be protected from society as a whole, not only from the authorities; fourth, it was necessary to overcome rigidity and inhumane nature of modern domestic psychiatry detached from its old roots and, at the same time, artificially isolated from Western humanistic trends.
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victims of the abuse still remained in mental hospitals, and that the Soviet authorities and particularly the Soviet Society of Psychiatrists and Neuropathologists still denied that psychiatry had been employed as a method of repression. On 17 July 1989, William Farrand, Peter Reddaway, and Darrel Regier expounded the findings of their report in the TV interview
8337:Расширенная судебно-психиатрическая заочная экспертиза по делу Григоренко Петра Григорьевича, 1907 г.р., украинца, жителя г. Москвы (восстановлено на основании копии Самиздата) [A comprehensive in absentia psychiatric opinion on the case of Grigorenko Pyotr Grigoryevich, b. 1907, a Ukrainian, Moscow resident (restored on the basis of a Samizdat copy)]
1800:. The plans they worked out consisted in, inter alia, compiling documents with counterarguments for being spread before and during the World Congress; actively lobbying the media for explaining the human nature of Soviet medicine; actively lobbying inside the World Psychiatric Association for preventing the issue from being put on the agenda; lobbying the
1905:, who was the head of a section of the Serbsky Institute for six years and first secretary of the Association of Soviet Psychiatrists until he left the Soviet Union in June 1977. In his statement, he said that political abuses of psychiatry took place in the Soviet Union and that it was not the scale of this that mattered, but the fact that it existed.
9644:Кому выгоден миф о карательной психиатрии? (Пресс-конференция проф. З.И. Кекелидзе в связи с направлением на принудительное лечение оппозиционера Михаила Косенко) [For whom is the myth of punitive psychiatry profitable? (Press conference of prof. Z.I. Kekelidze in connection with sending oppositionist Mikhail Kosenko to compulsory treatment)]
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in one case and reported that there was still a wide gap between Soviet criteria for the diagnosis of schizophrenia and those used internationally in other countries. Of the six individuals committed to a Special Psychiatric Hospital, four of the cases were distinctly of a political nature and of these four, three had never been mentally sick.
861:, psychiatry was used as a tool to eliminate political opponents ("dissidents") who openly expressed beliefs that contradicted official dogma. The term "philosophical intoxication" was widely used to diagnose mental disorders in cases where people disagreed with leaders and made them the target of criticism that used the writings by
2821:
Psychiatry to roll back some reforms in Russia's landmark 1992 law on mental health. In 2004, Pavel Tishchenko said that government, with fright in a sense, copied many provisions of Western standards concerning the patients' rights into Russian legislation and included the right to get information, the right to choose a doctor in
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were monstrous things: for example, one of the patients was refused to be discharged from the hospital until he had renounced his religious convictions, for which he was hospitalized. During their visit to the USSR, the American psychiatrists acquainted themselves with cases that included such "crimes": human rights activism, the
2242:
In January 1983, the number of member associations of the World Psychiatry Association, voting for the suspension or expulsion of the Soviet Union, rose to nine. Inasmuch as these associations would have half the votes in the WPA governing body, the Soviets was now, in January, almost sure to be voted out in July.
2820:
readings of amendments and additions to the Law, but the IPA and general public managed to successfully challenge these amendments, and they were finally tabled. In 2004, proponents of mental health reform could hardly prevent the effort by the doctors of the Serbsky Institute for Social and Forensic
2780:
In Russia, the enactment of its Mental Health Law took place under dramatic circumstances despite the need for the Law because of an 80-year delay, after which the Law passed by Russia as against all developed countries, and despite dimensions of political abuse of psychiatry which were unprecedented
2709:
On 17th October 1989 the All Union Society of Psychiatrists and Narcologists of the USSR, which counts among its members criminal psychiatrists, guilty of psychiatric abuses for political purposes, was readmitted to the World Psychiatric Association. As I do not wish to be a member of an organization
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although the US team saw no evidence of mental disorder. Among the 12 discharged patients examined, the US delegation found that nine had no evidence of any current or past mental disorder; the remaining three had comparatively slight symptoms which would not usually warrant involuntary commitment in
2335:
were speakers at the event. The large room in a rather posh hotel in Rome was completely empty. "When will people come?" the speakers asked and were given the answer, "They will not come. It is all arranged for radio broadcasts, and we will imagine that there are people here." The speakers alone were
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in July 1983. On 31 January 1983, the All-Union Society officially resigned from the World Psychiatric Association under threat of expulsion. In their letter of resignation, the Soviets complained about a "slanderous campaign, blatantly political in nature... directed against Soviet psychiatry in the
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psychiatrist Anatoly Koryagin. Koryagin's contribution was to examine former and potential victims of political abuse of psychiatry by writing psychiatric diagnoses in which he deduced that the individual was not suffering from any mental disease. Those reports were employed as a means of defense: if
1936:
believes the divulgation of the Principles has the potential to be a barrier against the type of governmental malfeasance that is epitomized by the Soviet experience. According to George Alexander, the Principles are far better than other work of the United Nations on the issue but it is unclear what
1516:
said that the WPA was under no obligation to accept complaints from one member society directed against another member society, and he informed Snezhnevsky of the complaints and sent him the "Bukovsky Papers." Leigh proposed to constitute a committee for considering the ethical aspects of psychiatric
1413:
I realize that at a distance and without the essential clinical information it is very difficult to determine the mental condition of a person and either to diagnose an illness or assert the absence of any illness. Therefore I ask you to express your opinion on only this point: do the above-mentioned
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wrote that the All Union Society made in the General Assembly a Statement that included five items, several of which was not yet fulfilled, and that thereby, the Executive Committee unanimously agreed that it would not recommend continuing membership of the society in June 1993. Less than two months
2619:
When it came to the climax, almost all Soviet psychiatrists, including Marat Vartanyan, were ignored by the Congress, and the leading role in the Soviet delegation has been now openly taken by not a psychiatrist but the diplomat Yuri Reshetov, the Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister of the Soviet Union.
2611:
The WPA Executive Committee decided to organize the Extraordinary General Assembly for the debate between the Soviet dissident psychiatrist Dr. Semyon Gluzman and the representatives of the Soviet delegation. After that, it was said, by the lips of the President of the Congress, a Greek psychiatrist
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period diminished the human rights movement because many of their decades-long concerns such as suppression of free expression, imprisonment of dissidents, and psychiatric abuse were no longer the main problems facing Soviet society. 1986 saw the discharge of nineteen political prisoners from mental
1961:
However, later, at the General Assembly during the World Congress in Vienna in 1983, the status and work of the Review Committee were discussed and it was resolved to allow the committee to become statutory. The General Assembly resolved further to change the Committee scope towards complaints about
1945:
In August 1978, Americans donated $ 50,000 for the establishment of the Review Committee and, by doing so, showed their commitment to the project. The President Jules Masserman, when submitting the donation, asked that the Review Committee be established without delay "for the sake of many political
1888:
That the WPA take note of the abuse of psychiatry for political purposes and that it condemn those practices in all countries where they occur and call upon the professional organisations of psychiatrists in those countries to renounce and expunge those practices from their country, and that the WPA
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wrote, the Armenian Vartanyan was as slick as one could be, and had no problem lying in the twinkling of an eye. He was masterful in his dealings with the WPA and continued to represent the Soviet Union at symposiums and congresses of the WPA. Being in grain hospitable, flamboyant, full of humor and
1409:
Taking advantage of the fact that I have managed to obtain exact copies of the diagnostic reports made by the forensic-psychiatric groups who examined Grigorenko, Fainberg, Gorbanevskaya, Borisov and Yakhimovich, and also extracts from the diagnosis on V. Kuznetsov, I am sending you these documents,
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The WPA team spent three weeks in the Soviet Union, from 9 to 29 June 1991,and saw ten cases, all of which had been diagnosed by Soviet psychiatrists as having schizophrenia. When reviewed case notes and the results of their own interviews, the WPA team confirmed the diagnosis of schizophrenia only
2714:
The Soviet delegates returned to Moscow jubilantly. At the Moscow airport, they told the press that there have not been and are no abuses of psychiatry in the Soviet Union and that the USSR has been admitted to the WPA firmly and unconditionally. In an interview with a Soviet television crew, Marat
2444:
The American psychiatrists were primarily interested in patients who had passed through psychiatric examinations at the Serbsky Institute. Their clinical charts were classified secrets. The psychiatric examinations were conducted by academicians and eminent professors. In the clinical charts, there
2258:
If the All-Union Society of Psychiatrists and Neuropathologists of the USSR does not adequately respond to all enquiries from the World Psychiatric Association regarding the issue of psychiatric abuse in that country by 1 April 1983, that the All-Union Society should be suspended from membership in
2241:
on 20 September 1983, the national associations justly held the opinion that 10 years of mild public protests, quiet diplomacy, and private conversations with Soviet official psychiatrists had produced no significant change in the level of Soviet abuses, and that this approach had, thereby, failed.
2167:
in 1978, charged Snezhnevsky with involvement in the abuse and recommended that Snezhnevsky, who had been honoured as a Corresponding Fellow of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, be invited to attend the college's Court of Electors to answer criticisms because he was responsible for the compulsory
1893:
This resolution of the WPA is unprecedented in that it was the first time that an international professional association specifically condemned a great power. This resolution was the climax of a lengthy campaign in the West to expose the Soviet practice of committing some of its political and other
1860:
However, all this activity of the Soviets could not prevent the issue from dominating the Congress from the very outset. At the first plenary session of the Congress, the introduction of the Declaration of Hawaii took place. This statement of ethical principles of psychiatry had been drafted by the
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his report informing of "anti-Soviet campaign with nasty fabrications regarding the alleged use psychiatry in the USSR as an instrument in the political struggle with 'dissidents'." The report alleged that the campaign was a carefully planned anti-Soviet action in which a noticeable part was played
1328:
for Chief Administration for Corrective Labor Camps, the penitentiary system in the Stalin years) was an effective instrument of political repression and there was no compelling requirement to develop an alternative and expensive psychiatric substitute. The abuse of psychiatry was a natural product
892:
The psychiatric incarceration was conducted to suppress emigration, distribution of prohibited documents or books, participation in civil rights actions and demonstrations, and involvement in forbidden religious activity. The religious faith of prisoners, including well-educated former atheists who
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is regarded as an epoch-making event in the history of domestic psychiatry, as establishing the legal basis for psychiatric care, and, first of all, mediating all involuntary measures through judicial procedure. That is a major post-Soviet achievement of Russian psychiatry and the foundation for a
2739:
The 1983–1989 years with perfect clearness confirmed the fact that psychiatry is politics regardless of whether someone likes the fact or not. The WPA leadership expanded that they tried not to admit politics to psychiatry, but for all that the result of their actions and their secret negotiations
2684:
There is no question of the morality of the WPA position. The hand of friendship was extended to not thousands of ordinary Soviet psychiatrists but all the same "leading specialists" who had doomed healthy people to the torments of forced treatment. They have been charitably offered to voluntarily
2627:
The WPA Executive Committee moved the Soviet issue to the end of the agenda. At first, they conducted long debates about the whole range of procedural problems, small amendments to statutes and other issues, then they went on to the elections of the WPA Executive Committee that led to a stir. Fini
2533:
had to take on human rights functions in addition to educational ones: first, it was necessary to uncover the ideological basis on which the Soviet psychiatry carried out its punitive activities; second, it was necessary to develop legal norms which would forever prevent such abuses; third, it was
2485:
When returned home after a visit of more than two weeks, the delegation wrote its report which was pretty damaging to the Soviet authorities. The delegation established not only that there had taken place systematic political abuse of psychiatry but also that the abuse had not come to an end, that
1616:, in which they provided potential future victims of political psychiatry with instructions on how to behave during inquest in order to avoid being diagnosed as mentally sick. The Manual focuses on how "the Soviet use of psychiatry as a punitive means is based upon the deliberate interpretation of
1478:
smuggled to the West a file of 150 pages documenting the political abuse of psychiatry. The documents were photocopies of forensic reports on prominent Soviet dissidents. These documents were attended with a letter by Bukovsky requesting Western psychiatrists to explore the six cases documented in
1470:
who spoke against the human rights abuses in the Soviet Union. Gluzman came to the conclusion that Grigorenko was mentally sane and had been taken to mental hospitals for political reasons. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Gluzman was forced to serve seven years in labor camps and three years in
2704:
Deeply shocked, Anatoly Koryagin, who had considered the statement by the Soviets as completely hypocritical and insincere and had not thought that the Soviets would be permitted to return, officially renounced his Honorary Membership of the WPA by submitting on 8 November 1989 to the WPA General
2643:
The negotiations with the Soviets continued even during the General Assembly. They were offered the last chance: if they want to return, they have to read out the message that they plead guilty; otherwise, they will not have been admitted. The intensive communication with Moscow did not stop, the
2249:
at the hearing, the committee on behalf of certain persons had written hundreds of letters to the USSR, including those to authorities of the Soviet Government, to patients themselves, the families of patients, the psychiatrists who were treating these patients, but only indirectly heard from the
1957:
From the very first day, the Soviets refused to recognize its existence. Originally they attempted to prevent its establishment, maintaining that it would divert the WPA from its major function, namely the exchange of scientific ideas. When the Review Committee was constituted, the Soviet society
1876:
The Soviet issue passed the General Assembly less easily. The Soviets did all possible to prove their point, and according to the report of the Soviet delegation, Marat Vartanyan had successfully prevented former Soviet political prisoner Leonid Plyushch from being registered as a delegate at the
1420:
For a healthy person there is no fate more terrible than indefinite internment in a mental hospital. I believe that you will not remain indifferent to this problem and will devote a portion of your time to it – just as physicists find time to combat the use of the achievements of their science in
2808:
However, article 38, which was once included in the Law as a guarantee of keeping the whole Law for patients of psychiatric hospitals, is still not working, and, as a result, the service independent of health authorities to defend rights of patients in psychiatric hospitals is still not created.
2305:
The World Psychiatric Association would welcome the return of the All-Union Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists of the USSR to membership of the Association, but would expect sincere co-operation and concrete evidence beforehand of amelioration of the political abuse psychiatry in the
2440:
The visit was initiated by Soviet government officials, including Andrei Kovalyov, on domestic political grounds. A powerful external impact was needed to have reasons to give a new spurt to restructuring psychiatry. The main thing was to make the decision to develop an effective law that would
2146:
The Soviet authorities responded aggressively. Members of the group were being threatened, followed, subjected to house searches and interrogations. In the end, the members of the commission were subjected to various terms and types of punishments: Alexander Podrabinek was sentenced to 5 years'
1931:
adopted the final document. In the view of Richard Gosden, it is principally designed to protect the rights of voluntary patients, not involuntary patients. The problems of involuntary patients are addressed by the document in a way that tends to undermine their rights rather than protect them.
2565:
On 16 October, the Soviet delegation convened a press conference. The panel was uniformly evasive and defensive. After a detailed and lengthy account by Karpov of Soviet psychiatric reforms in which he emphasized the specialities of the new mental health legislation and in particular the legal
5837:
Abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union: hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, House of Representatives, Ninety-eighth Congress, first session, September 20,
2158:
carried a resolution in which it reiterated its concern over the abuse of psychiatry for the suppression of dissent in the USSR and applauded the Soviet citizens, who had taken an open stance against such abuse, by expressing its admiration and support especially for Semyon Gluzman, Alexander
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was carried out. The coup failed and was followed by the dissolution of the USSR. As a consequence, the All Union Society remained without a country to represent. The USSR Federation of Psychiatrists and Narcologists officially resigned from the World Psychiatric Association in October 1992.
1405:
The diagnoses of the psychiatrists who have served as expert witnesses in court, and on whose diagnoses the court orders are based, provoke many doubts as regards their content. However, only specialists in psychiatry can express authoritative opinions about the degree of legitimacy of these
2607:
insisted that the Soviet Society should not be admitted until specific conditions had been satisfied; these included the release of all dissidents unjustifiably detained in psychiatric hospitals, and the dissociation by the authorities from the past abuse and their obligation to prevent its
2472:
The delegation was able systematically to interview and assess present and past involuntarily admitted mental patients chosen by the visiting team, as well as to talk over procedures and methods of treatment with some of the patients, their friends, relatives and, sometimes, their treating
1926:
The UN Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and for the Improvement of Mental Health Care was published more than a decade later. The final version of the Principles had been so repeatedly massaged and rewritten by numerous committees dominated by psychiatrists that
1511:
The Congress in Mexico City was held on 28 November — 4 December 1971. The statement of the forty-four British psychiatrists was circulated to the 7000 delegates in English, Spanish, and French. There were statements from the Soviet Human Rights Committee describing the part played by
6014:
Review of the 37th session and upcoming 38th session of the U.N. Commission on Human Rights: hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, ninety-seventh congress, first session, November 16,
2184:
sent out to all member societies of the World Psychiatric Association a memorandum announcing their intention to organize a forum for discussing the issue of Soviet psychiatric abuse prior to the General Assembly in Vienna. On 18 January 1983, the Ambassador of the Soviet Union to the
1544:
The failure to debate the issue opened the door for Soviet authorities to adjudge Bukovsky to 12 years of camp and exile, and to enlarge the use of psychiatry as a tool of repression. In January 1972, Bukovsky was convicted of spreading anti-Soviet propaganda under Article 70 of the
2730:
carried a report on 19 October which did not mention any of the conditions while asserting that the All Union Society had been granted full membership. The dissemination of disinformation on the part of the Soviets had distinctly not yet come to an end. Only on 27 October 1989,
5977:
Psychiatric abuse of political prisoners in the Soviet Union: testimony by Leonid Plyushch: hearing before the Subcommittee on International Organizations of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, Ninety-fourth Congress, second session, March 30,
2620:
It is clear that the game is now being played at the highest level with the direct participation of the political elite in Moscow. On the other part, there has been formed the small group of negotiators composed of a British delegate and the President of the Royal College
2293:. The debate was preceded by a discussion of various resolutions which had been submitted, but the state of affairs was so perplexing that some delegates did not even know which resolution they were asked to vote upon. Finally a resolution drafted by the British delegate
2612:
Costas Stefanis, that the debate could not take place because Gluzman represented nobody, did not officially work as a psychiatrist and was not a member of the Independent Psychiatric Association in Moscow. A few hours later, Gluzman managed to have himself presented by
2220:
with the support indicated by many of its other members proposed resolutions for the expulsion or suspension of membership of the Soviet Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists, which would be considered at the World Congress of the World Psychiatric Association in
2577:
Koryagin stated that the readmission would offer carte blanche to the KGB to continue its repressive practices, that there would be further abuse of psychiatry, and that the plight of prisoners would be hopeless. He proposed the four conditions for the readmission:
2647:
The Soviet delegation to the 1989 World Congress of the WPA in Athens eventually agreed to admit that the systematic abuse of psychiatry for political purposes had indeed taken place in their country. At the Congress, the Soviet Society's International Secretary
2201:
in which it said that the abnormal situation which had developed within the World Psychiatric Association put in effect its whole activity in question and that for this reason, All-Union Society took the decision to withdraw from the WPA. On 22 January 1983, the
1723:
2043:. The commission was composed of five open members and several anonymous ones, including a few psychiatrists who, at great danger to themselves, conducted their own independent examinations of cases of alleged psychiatric abuse. The leader of the commission was
2272:
where heated discussion and a close vote on the resolutions were anticipated. The General Assembly of the World Psychiatric Association in Vienna was likely one of the most tense and disorganized meetings in its existence. Some delegates, especially those from
1227:
and committal of citizens to psychiatric facilities based upon political rather than mental health-based criteria. Many authors, including psychiatrists, also use the terms "Soviet political psychiatry" or "punitive psychiatry" to refer to this phenomenon.
2735:
reported the conditions set by the WPA General Assembly. When more than a year and a half has passed since the decision of the Athens Congress to re-admit the Soviets to the WPA, leading psychiatrists in the USSR continued to deny that abuse took place.
2504:
declassify the documents. As far as Robert van Voren could establish, the report was never published in the USSR. Only after twenty years, in 2009, the report was translated into Russian, and its Russian version was published not in Russia but in the
1804:
for exerting pressure on the WPA not to allow this unacceptable anti-Soviet campaign; and establishing closer working relations with positively inclined colleagues in the West. In February 1977, representatives of the secret services of the USSR, the
2213:
9436:
1695:
8478:
6151:Казнимые сумасшествием: Сборник документальных материалов о психиатрических преследованиях инакомыслящих в СССР [The executed by madness: a collection of documentary materials about psychiatric persecutions of dissenters in the USSR]
2825:. After the embarrassment of the 1990s, when Russian Constitution and many laws have been invested—mainly from abroad—with very good principles that protect the rights of individual citizens, including patients, now a reversal is underway.
2719:
No, that is wrong information, which you received from somewhere. There were no conditions. We set the conditions. That is, we proposed… eh… the Executive Committee of the WPA to come to us on an official visit to the Soviet Union within a
2781:
in history and were being persistently denied for two decades from 1968 to 1988. When Soviet rule was coming to an end, the decision to develop the Mental Health Law was taken from above and under the threat of economic sanctions from the
1443:, the main organ of Soviet human rights movement, has started publishing systematic information on how dissidents were being committed to psychiatric hospitals and forcibly, and often very painfully, treated with drugs. President of the
2194:
1953:
The proposed statute read, "The Committee to Review the Abuse of Psychiatry will be appointed by the Executive Committee and shall have the responsibility to review individual complaints. Its activities will not be limited in time."
2526:
2372:
1329:
of the later Soviet era. From the mid-1970s to the 1990s, the structure of mental health service conformed to the double standard in society, that of two separate systems which peacefully co-existed despite conflicts between them:
2289:, and the GDR angrily appealed to the WPA Executive Committee not to accept the resignation of the Soviets, whereas others voiced the view that it was a fact of life one had to live with, an opinion supported by the WPA President
2740:
with the Moscow psychiatric leadership was exactly opposing: it has given the green light to carefully organized interventions from the Moscow political leadership supported by the active participation of the Stasi and the KGB.
2343:
In 1988, hundreds of thousands of persons with mental disorders were removed from the psychiatric register at psychoneurological dispensaries and discharged from psychiatric hospitals to the satisfaction of world public and the
15255:
2230:' against the Soviet Union" and, being especially angry about the memorandum of the American Psychiatric Association of August 1982, charged the WPA leadership with complicity by not having spoken out against this mailing.
1535:
reported, it became apparent that the WPA leaders had no desire to take an action which would have alienated the USSR delegation and would quite probably make them "walk out" and sever communications for some time to come.
897:
routinely sent dissenters to psychiatrists for diagnosing to avoid embarrassing public trials and to discredit dissidence as the product of ill minds. Formerly highly classified extant documents from "Special file" of the
2566:
safeguards for patients, other panellists worked out on what they considered as positive aspects of the new developments. However then, abruptly, this sense of optimism was disrupted by the bluntest of questions posed by
2075:
the individual was picked up again and committed to mental hospital, the commission had vindication that the hospitalization served non-medical purposes. Also some foreign psychiatrists including the Swedish psychiatrist
1222:
Political abuse of psychiatry is the misuse of psychiatric diagnosis, detention and treatment for the purposes of obstructing the fundamental human rights of certain groups and individuals in a society. It entails the
2376:
published almost the same figure of 10 million people registered at psychoneurological dispensaries and 335,200 hospital beds used in the Soviet Union by 1987. At a press conference held in Moscow on 27 October 1989,
2537:
In Russia, the IPA is the sole non-governmental professional organization that makes non-forensic psychiatric expert examination at the request of citizens whose rights have been violated with the use of psychiatry.
889:"). Within the boundaries of the diagnostic category, the symptoms of pessimism, poor social adaptation and conflict with authorities were themselves sufficient for a formal diagnosis of "sluggish schizophrenia."
7704:Выступления П.Д. Тищенко, Б.Г. Юдина, А.И. Антонова, А.Г. Гофмана, В.Н. Краснова, Б.А. Воскресенского [Speeches by P.D. Tishchenko, B.G. Yudin, A.I. Antonov, A.G. Gofman, V.N. Krasnov, B.A. Voskresensky]
2108:
were sent to the Soviet officials, with request to verify the data and notify the Commission if mistakes were found, and to the West, where human rights defenders used them in the course of their campaigns. The
1414:
diagnoses contain enough scientifically-based evidence not only to indicate the mental illnesses described in the diagnoses, but also to indicate the necessity of isolating these people completely from society?
951:
stated that Bukosky was arrested as a direct result of his appeal to world's psychiatrists, thereby suggesting that now they held his destiny in their hands. In 1974, Bukovsky and the incarcerated psychiatrist
2051:, a 265-page monograph covering political abuses of psychiatry in the Soviet Union and containing photographs of hospitals and former inmates, many quotations from ex-inmates, a "white list" of two hundred of
1311:
also believed that in a class society, especially during the most severe class struggle, psychiatry was incapable of not being repressive. A system of political abuse of psychiatry was developed at the end of
14121:
2550:, there was substantial dispute about the possible readmittance of the All-Union Society to the WPA. The Eighth World Congress of the World Psychiatric Association was held between 12 and 19 October 1989 in
2020:
1971:
1524:, was chosen as associate secretary of the Executive Committee. A day after the Mexico Congress Vartanyan announced publicly that the nature of Soviet system was such that this could not possibly happen. As
777:
2118:
15210:
1730:, CAPA held a rally against the abuse of psychiatry in the USSR. In 1978, Royal College of Psychiatrists established the Special Committee on abuse of psychiatry. 20 December 1980 saw the formation in
2401:, to carry out extensive interviews of suspected victims of abuse. They traveled to the Soviet Union on 25 February 1989. The group consisted of about 25 people among whom were William Farrand of the
1417:
I will be very happy if you can interest your colleagues in this matter and if you consider it possible to place it on the agenda for discussion at the next International Congress of Psychiatrists.
234:
909:
In the 1960s, a vigorous movement grew up protesting against abuse of psychiatry in the USSR. Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union was denounced in the course of the Congresses of the
1758:. The request to discuss the Soviet issue during the World Congress of the World Psychiatric Association in Honolulu was made by Americans and the British and was supported by other societies.
1593:
The British Medical Association condemns the practice of using medical men to certify political and religious dissenters as insane and to submit them to unnecessary investigation and treatment.
2670:
The All-Union Society supports the changes in the Soviet law with full implementation relevant to the practice of psychiatry and the treatment and protection of the rights of the mentally ill.
2397:(meaning "policy of transparency" in Russian). Over the objection of the psychiatric establishment, the Soviet government permitted a delegation of psychiatrists from the US, representing the
1857:
to coordinate their positions. Much to the vexation of Georgi Morozov, the Romanians did not come to this meeting, while both the Hungarians and the Poles openly criticized the Soviet stance.
2800:
and used a new concept of developing the Law; a quarter of the commission members were the representatives of the IPA. The Law has been put in force since 1 January 1993. Adoption of the Law
2752:
In a letter sent in 1991 to Aleksandr Tiganov, the new chairman of the All Union Society (or, the now called themselves, the Federation of Societies of Psychiatrists and Narcologists of the
2604:
9338:
2216:, reporting that in consequence of the continued abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union the American, British, French, Danish, Norwegian, Swiss, and Australasian member societies of the
2364:
issued on 5 April 1988 that 5.5 million Soviet citizens were on the psychiatric register and that within two years 30% would be removed from this list. However, a year later the journal
1577:
The Royal College of Psychiatrists firmly opposes the use of psychiatric facilities for the detention of persons solely on the basis of their political dissent no matter where it occurs.
7412:
17 лет неисполнения закона — цена доверия к власти и киргизский опыт [17 years of failure of the law — the price of trust in the government and the Kyrgyz experience]
8324:
1829:
met in Moscow to talk about a common approach to the issue of political abuse psychiatry and the upcoming World Congress in Honolulu. This meeting was mainly chaired by Major General
1884:
On 31 August 1977, the General Assembly of the World Psychiatric Association during its meeting in Honolulu for the VI World Congress of Psychiatry adopted the following resolution:
1410:
and also various letters and other material which reveal the character of these people. I will be very grateful to you if you can study this material and express your opinion on it.
12937:
2336:
in the empty room, after their every speech the sound of applause was added and, as a result, listeners were under the impression that the party held a large successful congress in
6779:Судьбы больных шизофренией: клинико-социальный и судебно-психиатрический аспекты [The fates of the ill with schizophrenia: clinico-social and forensico-psychiatric aspects]
2851:
2600:
1676:
1400:
This phenomenon arouses justified anxiety, especially in view of the widely publicized placing of the biologist Zhores Medvedev in a psychiatric hospital by extrajudicial means.
2055:
in Soviet mental hospitals and a "black list" of over one hundred medical staff and doctors who took part in committing people to psychiatric facilities for political reasons.
881:
had been shifted into the RSFSR Criminal Code of 1962—and Article 190-1 of the RSFSR Criminal Code along with the system of diagnosing mental illness, developed by academician
1635:
In December 1976, in his eleventh year of psychiatric hospitals and prison camps, Bukovsky was exchanged by the Soviet government for the imprisoned Chilean Communist leader
12727:
9922:
9271:
1902:
1485:
and, when translated by The Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Medical Hospitals, were examined by forty-four psychiatrists from the Department of Psychiatry,
14090:
13341:
13324:
9998:
9833:
7312:
5967:
5955:
2701:
and rather wanted to help the processes of humanization in the USSR. They hoped that the membership Soviet psychiatrists in the WPA would help to keep them under control.
1914:
1769:
1735:
899:
855:
513:
125:
110:
13371:
2083:
helped in examining former or potential victims of psychiatric abuse. The Commission used those reports in its work and publicly referred to them when it was essential.
1794:
385:
9130:
9043:Дело Ларисы Арап или как можно поместить любого в психиатрическую лечебницу [The case of Larisa Arap, or how one can place any person in a psychiatric hospital]
960:, which provided potential future victims of political psychiatry with instructions on how to behave during inquest in order to avoid being diagnosed as mentally sick.
15215:
9083:
8301:Этиология психиатрических злоупотреблений: попытка мультидисциплинарного анализа [The etiology of psychiatric abuses: an attempt at multidisciplinary analysis]
2664:
Victims of abuse shall have their cases reviewed within the USSR and also in cooperation with the WPA, and the registry shall not be used against psychiatric patients.
943:. The documents were photocopies of forensic reports on prominent Soviet dissidents. In January 1972, Bukovsky was convicted of spreading anti-Soviet propaganda under
782:
8317:Этиология злоупотреблений в психиатрии: попытка мультидисциплинарного анализа [The etiology of abuses in psychiatry: an attempt at multidisciplinary analysis]
7840:
6507:Альянс права и милосердия: о проблеме защиты прав человека в психиатрии [The alliance of law and mercy: on the issue of human rights protection in psychiatry]
6302:
2059:
2757:
2425:
as head of the hospital visit team, and four émigré Soviet psychiatrists living in the United States. There also were State Department interpreters, two attorneys,
1777:
under the influence of pro-Zionist elements and that the KGB was undertaking measures through operational channels to counter hostile attacks. In October 1976, the
1659:
for his studies in biology. Voluntary and involuntary emigration allowed the authorities to rid themselves of many political active intellectuals including writers
7506:
Declaration of Hawaii: Declaration adopted unanimously by the General Assembly of the World Psychiatric Association at the Sixth World Congress of Psychiatry, 1977
2151:
to 3 years' labor camp, Anatoly Koryagin to 8 years' imprisonment and labor camp and 4 years' internal exile, Alexander Voloshanovich was sent to voluntary exile.
1830:
1209:
948:
9331:Памяти Леонида Плюща. Человек против карательной психиатрии СССР [In commemoration of Leonid Plyushch. The man is against punitive psychiatry of the USSR]
8655:Взгляд очевидца на предысторию принятия закона о психиатрической помощи [View of the eyewitness to the backstory of the adoption of the Mental Health Law]
2661:
publicly acknowledges that previous political conditions created an environment in which psychiatric abuse occurred for non-medical, including political, reasons.
1296:
in political dissenters. Western scholars examined no aspect of Soviet psychiatry as thoroughly as its involvement in the social control of political dissenters.
13314:
2469:; defending the rights of persons with disabilities, signing appeals, etc.). Of course, among patients surveyed by Americans were also terrorists and murderers.
1889:
implement this Resolution in the first instance in reference to the extensive evidence of the systematic abuse of psychiatry for political purposes in the USSR.
15220:
13834:
13334:
9251:От политических злоупотреблений психиатрией к реформе психиатрической службы [From political abuses of psychiatry to the reform of psychiatric service]
2596:
2529:, which was completely under the control of the Soviet government and implemented its political principles. From the very beginning, the IPA and its President
728:
141:
11578:
9579:
Psychiatric Practices in the Soviet Union. Guests were members of the delegation which visited Soviet psychiatric facilities and patients in February of 1989
6095:
1781:
constituted a special working group to develop a plan of action for a counter campaign. The working group had among its members leading Soviet psychiatrists
1178:
8885:. International Human Rights and Comparative Mental Health Law: The Role of Institutional Psychiatry and the Suppression of Political Dissent.
13360:
13329:
11009:
2352:
2160:
2012:
1947:
1927:
cross-referencing and other priorities extensively buried the primary tasks of attending to the risks of treatment and involuntary detention. In 1991, the
1690:
The appeal made by Bukovsky in 1971 caused the formation of the first groups to campaign against the political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union. In
1083:
222:
136:
13319:
13271:
2571:
2378:
2355:
2190:
2148:
1862:
1797:
410:
105:
2697:, which abused psychiatry for political purposes? On the other hand, they voted not for Vartanyan and Zharikov, not for the sad memory of Lunts but for
851:
took place and was based on the interpretation of political dissent as a psychiatric problem. It was called "psychopathological mechanisms" of dissent.
11057:
8835:
2414:
1866:
115:
13568:
9423:. Психиатрическая помощь в СССР и некоторые её показатели [Mental health care in the Soviety Union and some of its indicators].
2845:
2418:
2246:
2086:
The commission gathered as much information as possible of victims of psychiatric terror in the Soviet Union and published this information in their
2076:
2008:
1786:
1598:
1521:
1060:
1045:
767:
643:
8452:
15235:
12712:
12239:
10989:
7969:
6080:
2238:
2234:
1790:
1711:
10556:
9330:
7943:
6128:
2649:
2406:
2290:
2080:
182:
12798:
10307:
10116:
5782:
2426:
2016:
1715:
1454:
states no one of Soviet psychiatrists was going to reveal psychiatric repression until Gluzman revealed it in his report. He was the author of
15285:
13266:
12879:
9789:
9639:
2636:. The audience totally went silent, they have never seen anything like this before. To the contestant of Schulzinger, the race has been won:
2522:
1444:
1108:
1103:
802:
8316:
12932:
12788:
2209:
1202:
1183:
1098:
1093:
1088:
353:
14066:
13451:
13421:
12762:
11649:
7239:Психиатрия как средство репрессий в советских и постсоветских странах [Psychiatry as a tool of coercion in post-Soviet countries]
1919:
Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union catalyzed a more general investigation into international psychiatric practices by the
6206:. La psychiatrie française et sa représentation internationale [French psychiatry and its international image]. In:
15245:
13708:
13668:
13578:
13389:
12905:
12752:
7209:
1069:
721:
638:
528:
59:
9699:
8830:
15230:
14086:
13696:
13591:
13463:
13249:
12841:
9463:
2710:
together with that kind of persons, I renounce the honorary membership of the World Psychiatric Association, which I held since 1983.
1620:(in one sense of the world) as a psychiatric problem." This work was published in Russian, English, French, Italian, German, Danish.
1130:
71:
9778:
5769:
13601:
13518:
13411:
12793:
10826:
9513:
2797:
2381:
claimed that of the three hundred patients named by international human rights organizations, "practically all had left hospital."
1140:
1031:
648:
613:
343:
81:
13541:
13348:
13215:
12229:
10873:
9594:
7775:
1195:
1173:
963:
762:
663:
653:
323:
172:
7035:
Soviet Anti-Religious Campaigns and Persecutions: Vol. 2 of A History of Soviet Atheism in Theory and Practice, and the Believer
15240:
13239:
13084:
12722:
10994:
1450:
says psychiatric repression was obvious to his circle as early as 1968, and president of the Ukrainian Psychiatric Association
1345:
797:
397:
239:
2125:
in 1971 were the material that convinced most psychiatric associations that there was distinctly something wrong in the USSR.
701:
14095:
13726:
13227:
13193:
13181:
13176:
13067:
12717:
10652:
10339:
10317:
10021:
9982:
9957:
9912:
9887:
9866:
9841:
9812:
9767:
9742:
9719:
9673:
9551:
Political Madness: Dutch Sovietologist Robert van Voren speaks about Soviet repressive psychiatry and its surviving offshoots
9065:
9047:
9029:
9011:
8989:
8743:
8659:
8483:
7708:
7680:
7416:
7401:
7294:
7230:
6067:
6056:
714:
13653:
11740:
9538:
7726:
2301:
from 1981 to 1984, was carried by 174 votes to 18, with 27 abstentions. The resolution was strikingly conciliatory in tone:
2245:
According to the statement made by the chairman of the APA Committee on International Abuse of Psychiatry and Psychiatrists
13763:
13531:
11559:
11484:
11144:
10744:
9276:
7830:
6307:
5819:
Abuse of psychiatry for political repression in the Soviet Union: Hearing, Ninety-second Congress, second session, Volume 2
1000:
628:
1299:
As early as 1948, the Soviet secret service took an interest in this area of medicine. It was one of the superiors of the
15225:
13643:
13309:
13256:
13244:
12757:
11164:
10297:
5801:
Abuse of psychiatry for political repression in the Soviet Union: Hearing, Ninety-second Congress, second session, Part 1
2785:. An initiator of creating a serious, detailed mental health law in the USSR was a deputy of the last convocation of the
2410:
2070:, who made these diagnoses. But when he had been compelled to emigrate on 7 February 1980, his work was continued by the
318:
94:
49:
10406:
10334:
9618:
8790:
8106:
7658:
1702:
a "Working Commission on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals" was created. Among its founding members were
14979:
13691:
13686:
13406:
13354:
12846:
12199:
11294:
10272:
10157:
10111:
10106:
10052:
8672:
7909:
2753:
1946:
dissidents at risk." In December 1978, the Review Committee was set up under the chairmanship of Canadian psychiatrist
1719:
1529:
with a Western style, Vartanyan managed to fool one after another. In the end, no action was taken by the Congress. As
772:
508:
348:
277:
192:
64:
8188:
2113:
were also used to provide the dissident movement with information about Western protests against the political abuse.
15275:
13943:
13894:
13827:
13638:
13366:
12968:
12872:
11931:
11494:
10764:
10705:
8939:
8625:
8125:
7801:
7378:
7356:
7320:
7268:
7196:
7174:
7150:
7128:
7106:
7084:
7062:
7022:
6978:
6956:
6934:
6912:
6868:
6846:
6824:
6765:
6729:
6703:
6677:
6655:
6633:
6589:
6493:
6449:
6337:
6285:
6263:
6239:
6219:
6195:
6173:
5932:
1778:
1123:
947:, mainly on the ground that he had, with anti-Soviet intention, circulated false reports about political dissenters.
380:
76:
10502:
2090:. For the four years of its existence, the Commission published more than 1,500 pages of documentation including 22
15265:
15250:
13973:
13961:
13785:
13775:
13731:
13546:
13222:
13171:
13054:
11634:
11629:
11124:
11087:
10816:
10262:
8363:. Предисловие к книге Анатолия Прокопенко «Безумная психиатрия» [Preface to the book by Anatoly Prokopenko
8077:
Guide de psychiatrie pour les dissidents soviétiques: dédié à Lonia Pliouchtch, victime de la terreur psychiatrique
7853:
2430:
2251:
2233:
According to the reports on hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations of the
2198:
2181:
1751:
1602:
1118:
633:
569:
392:
266:
11312:
11174:
10858:
6085:
2591:
and representatives of the World Psychiatric Association must be permitted to function freely on Soviet territory.
2525:(IPA) was created as an association publicly opposing itself to official Soviet psychiatry and its offspring, the
14059:
13978:
13966:
13822:
13807:
13721:
13623:
13205:
13025:
12354:
11735:
11664:
11564:
11442:
11214:
11204:
10791:
10178:
9481:
8397:
6212:
La psychiatrie en péril. En dépit des Etats généraux [Psychiatry in peril. Despite its general condition]
6120:
6023:
6004:
5986:
5846:
5827:
5809:
2562:. The issue of the Soviet political abuse of psychiatry raised its ugly head, and dominated the WPA proceedings.
2510:
2117:
said that after he had studied official documents in the Soviet archives, including minutes from meetings of the
1928:
906:
demonstrate that the authorities of the country quite consciously used psychiatry as a tool to suppress dissent.
903:
503:
212:
11129:
11016:
11004:
9061:Латентные формы антипсихиатрии как главная опасность [Latent forms of anti-psychiatry as a major threat]
13919:
13899:
13596:
13210:
13035:
12963:
11785:
11554:
11134:
11036:
10769:
10213:
10208:
8380:
7042:
7000:
6890:
6802:
6611:
6567:
6545:
6519:
6471:
6407:
6047:
6032:
5908:
2828:
In Andrei Kovalyov's words, the main thing is that sufficient success was achieved in stopping the psychiatric
2637:
2298:
2164:
2155:
2132:
2094:
in which over 400 cases of the political abuse of psychiatry were documented in great detail. Summaries of the
1774:
1135:
1020:
1010:
658:
608:
313:
303:
11454:
11184:
10695:
10467:
7397:
15 лет Независимому психиатрическому журналу [15th anniversary of the Independent Psychiatric Journal]
1517:
practice, but also in this instance the issue of political abuse of psychiatry in the USSR was not mentioned.
1479:
the file and tell whether these persons should be hospitalized or not. The documents were sent by Bukovsky to
15260:
13990:
13817:
13681:
13633:
13394:
13188:
13062:
13045:
12732:
11747:
11700:
11464:
11387:
11119:
9351:Попытка выхолостить очередной демократический закон [An attempt to emasculate another democratic law]
6036:
2652:
on behalf of his delegation made a statement containing the following five points, which are quoted in full:
2345:
2217:
2168:
detention of this celebrated dissident, Leonid Plyushch. Instead Snezhnevsky chose to resign his Fellowship.
2100:
1920:
1491:
1439:
910:
848:
574:
543:
54:
11179:
10888:
10811:
10482:
8154:
1950:
and, in August 1979, received the first complaints submitted by the British Royal College of Psychiatrists.
14579:
13586:
13261:
13156:
12957:
12865:
11765:
11725:
11695:
11644:
11504:
11422:
11418:
11289:
11219:
10984:
10801:
10567:
10462:
10394:
10009:
On Dissidents and Madness: From the Soviet Union of Leonid Brezhnev to the "Soviet Union" of Vladimir Putin
8917:
8193:
8111:
7282:
On dissidents and madness: From the Soviet Union of Leonid Brezhnev to the "Soviet Union" of Vladimir Putin
2621:
1078:
589:
21:
8863:. Psychiatry in post-communist Ukraine: dismantling the past, paving the way for the future.
8567:. 'Leave us alone!': Representation of social work in the Russian immigrant media in Israel.
8348:
2689:-oriented psychiatry; however, what morality can be spoken of when among the members of the WPA were left
2147:
internal exile, Irina Grivnina to 5 years' internal exile, Vyacheslav Bakhmin to 3 years in a labor camp,
1437:
In the 1960s, a vigorous movement grew up protesting against abuse of psychiatry in the USSR. Since 1968,
13867:
13849:
13615:
13473:
13434:
13401:
13091:
13079:
12995:
12897:
12737:
12209:
12204:
11921:
11599:
11327:
11072:
11031:
10975:
10878:
10759:
10717:
10622:
10147:
10101:
9936:
9595:Параллели, события, люди: Карательная психиатрия [Parallels, Events, People: Punitive Psychiatry]
9578:
8912:
7719:Независимая психиатрическая ассоциация России [The Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia]
6721:
5917:
1996:
1754:
agreed to host the WPA's sixth World Congress of Psychiatry during 28 August – 3 September 1977, in
1582:
1384:
1168:
937:
smuggled to the West a file of 150 pages documenting the political abuse of psychiatry, which he sent to
558:
518:
493:
333:
1333:
the first system was punitive psychiatry that straight served the institute of power and was led by the
15290:
15132:
14724:
14052:
13862:
13839:
13812:
12574:
11795:
11780:
11770:
11624:
11224:
10712:
10515:
10282:
8865:
8501:
7055:Очерки общей психопатологии шизофрении [Essays on the general psychopathology of schizophrenia]
2786:
2186:
579:
29:
6124:
14359:
14115:
13904:
13877:
13780:
12803:
12679:
12624:
12444:
11432:
11139:
10700:
10312:
10229:
9974:
9804:
9665:
9109:
8761:
8569:
8423:
7541:
6463:Социальная медицина: Учебное пособие для вузов [Social medicine: a manual for higher schools]
2775:
2673:
The All-Union Society encourages an enlightened leadership in the psychiatric professional community.
1801:
1113:
929:(1989). The campaign to terminate political abuse of psychiatry in the USSR was a key episode in the
538:
13872:
9619:Был бы человек, а диагноз найдется [A diagnosis is quickly found to attribute a person with]
9025:
15-летие Закона о психиатрической помощи [15th anniversary of the Law on Mental Health Care]
8076:
5778:
14110:
13985:
12429:
11996:
11259:
11149:
10903:
10447:
9223:
8814:
8349:
Shrinking the Freedom of Thought: How Involuntary Psychiatric Treatment Violates Basic Human Rights
6076:
2694:
2446:
2398:
2254:
and a number of other psychiatric associations across the world carried a resolution which stated:
2193:, delivered a message from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to the
1344:
the second system was composed of elite, psychotherapeutically oriented clinics and was led by the
967:
292:
287:
282:
12169:
6043:
Report by the World Psychiatric Association Team of the Visit to the Soviet Union (9–29 June 1991)
2128:
14314:
14169:
13234:
11659:
11604:
11589:
11529:
11337:
11317:
11077:
10754:
10359:
7879:
7510:
7458:
6125:
Report of the U.S. Delegation to Assess Recent Changes in Soviet Psychiatry (Russian translation)
5953:
3359:
2789:, a young engineer from a Uralian town. When asked why he as an engineer needs it, he replied to
2449:(an outburst of emotion while being inside a social security agency; a visit to the apartment of
2204:
2052:
1965:
757:
375:
207:
10562:
6816:Советская психиатрия: Заблуждения и умысел [Soviet psychiatry: fallacies and wilfulness]
6362:
5779:
Human Rights Watch Records, Record Group 7: Helsinki Watch, 1952-2003 (Bulk, 1978-1994) HR# 0002
15270:
14984:
14749:
13914:
13506:
13444:
12449:
11953:
11347:
11021:
10497:
10257:
10252:
10045:
9950:
Mad psychiatry: classified materials on the use of psychiatry in the USSR for punitive purposes
9301:
9135:
8457:
8453:
Breaking the Totalitarian Ice: The Initiative Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR
8023:
7835:
6090:
2496:
2458:
1281:
893:
adopted a religion, was determined to be a form of mental illness that needed to be cured. The
886:
807:
15004:
12659:
9366:
7796:
7735:
7635:
7369:
7187:
7141:
7119:
7075:
6991:
6969:
6756:
6668:
6558:
6532:
6484:
6328:
6298:
Political Abuse of Psychiatry in the Soviet Union and in China: Complexities and Controversies
6164:
14814:
14789:
14759:
14399:
14364:
14105:
14100:
14033:
13005:
12684:
11968:
11963:
11730:
11619:
11574:
11534:
11469:
11413:
11332:
11114:
10928:
10806:
10724:
10632:
10597:
10507:
10452:
10349:
10190:
8159:
7797:
Soviet special psychiatric hospitals. Where the system was criminal and the inmates were sane
7333:
7281:
7097:
6947:
6925:
6903:
6881:
6859:
6646:
6580:
6379:
6186:
5923:
5886:
5875:
2633:
2324:
2024:
1988:
1563:
1376:
878:
8960:
7998:
7938:
7588:
7438:
6716:
1573:
In 1973, the council of the Royal College of Psychiatrists passed the following resolution:
15059:
14834:
14649:
14489:
14259:
14189:
13795:
13658:
13478:
13276:
12990:
12224:
11991:
11846:
11800:
11715:
11710:
11509:
11408:
11357:
11352:
11244:
11199:
11154:
11092:
10923:
10898:
10848:
10776:
10690:
10540:
10142:
10121:
9946:Безумная психиатрия: секретные материалы о применении в СССР психиатрии в карательных целях
9696:
9643:
9441:
8985:Карательная психиатрия в России (рецензия) [Punitive psychiatry in Russia (review)]
8336:
7851:. Abuse of psychiatry as a tool for political repression in the Soviet Union.
6757:
Mental health policy and practice across Europe: the future direction of mental health care
2501:
1486:
1300:
1236:
426:
13882:
8690:
7750:
7567:
7337:. Vladivostok: Издательство Дальневосточного университета ; 2004. Russian.
6784:
The ISBN printed in the document (978-5-9977-0014-9) is invalid, causing a checksum error.
2715:
Vartanyan replied to the question whether any conditions had been set to a Soviet return:
2320:
hospitals. In 1987, sixty-four political prisoners were discharged from mental hospitals.
2268:
The Seventh World Congress of the WPA was scheduled to meet on 10 – 16 July 1983, at
2163:. In 1980, the Special Committee on the Political Abuse of Psychiatry, established by the
8:
15158:
14999:
14994:
14944:
14854:
14824:
14804:
14679:
14664:
14554:
14504:
14474:
14022:
13751:
13556:
13485:
13293:
13142:
13020:
12942:
12915:
12669:
12584:
12579:
12479:
12342:
12139:
12023:
11938:
11826:
11679:
11674:
11654:
11639:
11549:
11544:
11449:
11382:
11372:
11284:
11279:
11269:
11169:
11109:
11082:
10908:
10893:
10863:
10841:
10627:
10617:
10344:
10267:
10237:
10221:
9734:
9614:
9164:
8802:
8284:
7670:
7484:
7214:
6624:
6255:
5767:
2360:
2044:
2036:
1762:
695:
523:
202:
11524:
11437:
9390:
9296:
9190:
8756:
8542:
8496:
8418:
7874:
7536:
7505:
7453:
6778:
6352:. Moscow & St Petersburg: Нестор-История ; 2008. Russian. p. 35.
2370:
published a figure of 10.2 million provided by the state statistics committee. In 1990,
1742:
in 1978, he has inspired the movement against the use of psychiatry for political ends.
1307:, who first ordered the use of psychiatry as a tool of repression. Russian psychiatrist
831:
The Serbsky Central Research Institute for Forensic Psychiatry, also briefly called the
15114:
15104:
15084:
15064:
14844:
14714:
14594:
14409:
14379:
14369:
14279:
14214:
14154:
14131:
13889:
13800:
13117:
13030:
12920:
12910:
12823:
12619:
12604:
12529:
12509:
12504:
12489:
12336:
12084:
11836:
11720:
11474:
11377:
11362:
11274:
11264:
11239:
11234:
10999:
10953:
10868:
10853:
10796:
10612:
10535:
10411:
10302:
10292:
9555:
9518:
9468:
8285:Украинское лицо судебной психиатрии [The Ukrainian face of forensic psychiatry]
8037:Пособие по психиатрии для инакомыслящих [A manual on psychiatry for dissidents]
6695:
5353:
2462:
1992:
1937:
effect they will have. Brendan Kelly says the Principles is a non-binding declaration.
1782:
1668:
1567:
1380:
1349:
882:
584:
12519:
12348:
8600:
7568:
Dr Alexander Voloshanovich: A Critic of the Political Misuse of Psychiatry in the USSR
5271:
15280:
15146:
15089:
15034:
15014:
14904:
14829:
14744:
14684:
14674:
14669:
14574:
14464:
14384:
14374:
14299:
14264:
14254:
14239:
14229:
14075:
13997:
13937:
13716:
13502:
13198:
13000:
12985:
12927:
12836:
12689:
12634:
12609:
12564:
12494:
12469:
12434:
12424:
12393:
12280:
12164:
12134:
11871:
11861:
11775:
11669:
11514:
11229:
11026:
10883:
10836:
10734:
10685:
10659:
10637:
10477:
10457:
10401:
10389:
10203:
10038:
10017:
10013:
9978:
9953:
9908:
9883:
9862:
9837:
9808:
9763:
9738:
9715:
9669:
9627:
9486:
9408:
9314:
9280:
9206:
9169:
9148:
9088:
9060:
8922:
8887:
8848:
8844:
8774:
8638:
8604:
8506:
8436:
8376:
8220:
8207:
8172:
8138:
8081:
7982:
7952:
7922:
7892:
7858:
7814:
7645:
7554:
7523:
7471:
7374:
7352:
7316:
7290:
7286:
7264:
7260:
7226:
7192:
7170:
7146:
7124:
7102:
7080:
7058:
7038:
7018:
6996:
6974:
6952:
6930:
6908:
6886:
6864:
6842:
6820:
6798:
6761:
6725:
6699:
6673:
6651:
6629:
6607:
6585:
6563:
6541:
6515:
6511:
6489:
6467:
6445:
6411:
6403:
6383:
6333:
6311:
6281:
6259:
6235:
6215:
6191:
6169:
6150:
6107:
5928:
5904:
5763:
2762:
2454:
2316:
2122:
1933:
1475:
1372:
1368:
1334:
1163:
934:
832:
533:
12813:
12484:
9235:. Не боюсь тебя, психиатр! [I do not fear you, psychiatrist!].
2478:
Western countries. According to medical record, all these patients had diagnoses of
15170:
15109:
15094:
15054:
14964:
14954:
14949:
14934:
14924:
14849:
14734:
14644:
14634:
14599:
14564:
14529:
14429:
14404:
14389:
14309:
14284:
14199:
14194:
14164:
12599:
12524:
12454:
12439:
12419:
12366:
12149:
12144:
12124:
12074:
12064:
11891:
11856:
11841:
11790:
11519:
11459:
11299:
10958:
10938:
10647:
10589:
10583:
10550:
10530:
10520:
10369:
10170:
10162:
9590:
9400:
9374:
9306:
9198:
9174:
9140:
9114:
8968:
8944:
8870:
8840:
8798:
8766:
8738:
8722:
8698:
8630:
8596:
8574:
8552:
8526:
8462:
8428:
8402:
8392:
8212:
8164:
8130:
8006:
7974:
7964:
7948:
7914:
7884:
7806:
7780:
7758:
7666:
7596:
7575:
7546:
7515:
7492:
7463:
7218:
7166:
6970:
Dangerous minds: political psychiatry in China today and its origins in the Mao era
6099:
6019:
6000:
5982:
5842:
5823:
5805:
2567:
2402:
2328:
2294:
2259:
the World Psychiatric Association until such time that these abuses cease to exist.
2063:
2040:
2007:
In January 1977, Alexandr Podrabinek along with a 47-year-old self-educated worker
1980:
1727:
1660:
1531:
1525:
1467:
1338:
1317:
1308:
1304:
1257:
1147:
866:
452:
421:
7636:
Soviets finally condemned for psychiatric malpractices… will South Africa be next?
6882:
The Political Psychology of Appeasement: Finlandization and Other Unpopular Essays
6103:
1908:
1636:
15079:
15024:
15019:
14989:
14969:
14939:
14929:
14899:
14894:
14864:
14819:
14809:
14784:
14754:
14739:
14704:
14694:
14614:
14589:
14534:
14494:
14414:
14349:
14339:
14334:
14294:
14244:
14149:
14144:
13909:
13122:
13074:
12980:
12818:
12674:
12664:
12649:
12629:
12614:
12589:
12534:
12299:
12267:
12159:
12119:
11881:
11876:
11816:
11757:
11489:
11367:
11194:
11159:
11067:
11062:
10786:
10680:
10354:
10287:
10277:
10242:
10198:
10185:
10137:
10007:
9992:
9968:
9898:
9877:
9852:
9823:
9798:
9753:
9703:
9684:
9659:
9534:
8984:
8521:. Human rights in psychiatric practice: an overview for clinicians.
8406:
8269:История психиатрических репрессий [The history of psychiatric repression]
8168:
7999:
Athens and beyond: Soviet psychiatric abuse and the World Psychiatric Association
7918:
7773:. Can psychiatry distinguish social deviance from mental disorder?.
7718:
7690:
7609:
7426:
7347:
7307:
7255:
7013:
6837:
6815:
6793:
6742:
6690:
6625:
Punishing the Patient: How Psychiatrists Misunderstand and Mistreat Schizophrenia
6602:
6533:
Russia and the Cult of State Security: The Chekist Tradition, From Lenin to Putin
6506:
6462:
6440:
6276:
6062:
6042:
6013:
5995:
5976:
5962:
5945:
5899:
5881:
5861:
5836:
5818:
5800:
4348:). The Declaration with minor amendments approved in 1983 was also published in:
2678:
2595:
Several national associations, including the Royal College of Psychiatrists, the
2479:
2466:
2450:
2332:
2136:
1878:
1684:
1664:
1471:
Siberian exile for refusing to diagnose Grigorenko as having the mental illness.
1277:
858:
14174:
10781:
9661:
Soviet dissent: contemporary movements for national, religious, and human rights
9266:
9104:
9078:
7411:
7396:
6838:
Making us crazy. DSM: the psychiatric bible and the creation of mental disorders
6297:
2582:
Soviet psychiatrists must acknowledge previous political abuses and reject them;
1356:
The hundreds of hospitals in the provinces combined components of both systems.
15182:
15069:
14974:
14874:
14869:
14799:
14794:
14719:
14639:
14629:
14619:
14604:
14549:
14514:
14484:
14459:
14454:
14394:
14354:
14274:
14234:
14224:
14209:
14159:
13929:
13857:
13137:
13127:
12644:
12569:
12559:
12554:
12414:
12154:
11943:
11866:
11594:
11499:
11249:
11189:
10821:
10739:
10642:
10602:
10572:
10472:
10427:
9759:
9437:
Embarrassing in form, promising in substance. Soviet law in theory and practice
9404:
9350:
8547:
8123:. Ethical conflicts in psychiatry: the Soviet Union vs. the U.S..
8036:
5866:
5855:
2813:
2790:
2434:
2114:
1838:
1818:
1738:(IAPUP) whose first secretary was Gérard Bles of France. Since the Congress in
1703:
1680:
1628:
1609:
1559:
1451:
1320:, punitive psychiatry was not simply an inheritance from the Stalin era as the
1005:
953:
933:, inflicting irretrievable damage on the prestige of Soviet medicine. In 1971,
870:
792:
15256:
Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
14122:
Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
9250:
9144:
9002:
8739:Коготок увяз — всей птичке пропасть [Chickens come home to roost]
8726:
8673:Расширить границы нормального [Broadening the boundaries of normality]
8556:
8530:
8300:
8268:
8252:
8236:
7978:
7888:
7622:
7238:
5970:, Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals; 1983.
2021:
Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
1972:
Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
1966:
Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
15204:
15039:
14959:
14919:
14889:
14839:
14774:
14709:
14659:
14609:
14559:
14544:
14539:
14524:
14479:
14469:
14444:
14439:
14424:
14419:
14329:
14319:
14219:
14204:
13790:
12808:
12654:
12549:
12514:
12499:
12459:
12001:
11831:
11569:
11479:
11342:
11322:
11209:
10970:
10948:
10913:
10492:
10487:
10442:
10364:
10324:
10073:
9581: [Retrieved 20 February 2014]; p. duration 01.01.05. English.
9118:
9042:
8815:
The Soviet Case: Prelude to a Global Consensus on Psychiatry and Human Rights
8654:
8578:
7740:
7703:
7640:
7443:
6559:
Cultural diversity, mental health and psychiatry: The struggle against racism
6428:
Guida psichiatrica per dissidenti. Con esempi pratici e una lettera dal Gulag
3091:
2782:
2474:
2119:
Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2039:
in 1976 to monitor Soviet compliance with the human rights provisions of the
1765:
1718:, a South-African born psychiatrist. In September 1975, there was formed the
1707:
1699:
1648:
1549:
1313:
1293:
995:
944:
673:
548:
444:
9310:
9024:
8948:
7519:
6366:. New York: Chalidze publications; 1981. Russian. p. 32.
5759:
15119:
15099:
15049:
14914:
14879:
14859:
14769:
14689:
14654:
14499:
14449:
14184:
14179:
13673:
13494:
12888:
12594:
12544:
12474:
12464:
12318:
12306:
12293:
12099:
11926:
11427:
10675:
10525:
10384:
10379:
10374:
10080:
9318:
9284:
9210:
8926:
8677:
8620:
8608:
8510:
8224:
7926:
7649:
7467:
6315:
6086:
Report of the U.S. Delegation to Assess Recent Changes in Soviet Psychiatry
2802:
On Psychiatric Care and Guarantees of Citizens' Rights during Its Provision
2613:
2530:
2032:
1984:
1846:
1806:
1520:
One of the key apologists of Soviet psychiatric abuse, Soviet psychiatrist
1447:
1285:
844:
14624:
14569:
10001:, Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals. 1983.
9412:
9378:
9202:
9152:
9105:
Children's rights in post-Soviet countries: The case of Russia and Belarus
9092:
8852:
8642:
8634:
8466:
8432:
8176:
8142:
7986:
7896:
7862:
7831:
International Human Rights Protection Against Psychiatric Political Abuses
7818:
7810:
7784:
7475:
6387:
6118:
6111:
5946:
Soviet abuse of psychiatry for political purposes: A Helsinki Watch report
5359:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3058:
2453:
that was formerly human rights activism; having written a book about poet
1976:
1726:
and composed of psychiatrists, other doctors, and laymen. In July 1976 in
15074:
14909:
14779:
14699:
14584:
14519:
14324:
14304:
14269:
14249:
14126:
13536:
13498:
13490:
13112:
13096:
13010:
12952:
12639:
12244:
12214:
12069:
12059:
11958:
11821:
11614:
11103:
10933:
10918:
10729:
10577:
10545:
10432:
10247:
10152:
10091:
9731:
Russia's political hospitals: The abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
9572:
9550:
8874:
8778:
8714:
7558:
7527:
6252:
Russia's political hospitals: The abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
5277:
2833:
2686:
2554:. The Congress was reminiscent of the previous World Congress in 1983 in
2506:
2390:
2067:
1834:
1672:
1644:
1513:
1224:
1050:
914:
618:
458:
8972:
8440:
8375:. Moscow & Minsk: АСТ, Харвест ; 2005. Russian.
8134:
8010:
6415:
2667:
The All-Union Society unconditionally accepts the WPA review instrument.
1724:
Initiating Committee Against Abuses of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
15194:
15029:
15009:
14764:
14729:
14344:
14289:
13526:
12398:
12109:
12079:
12033:
11948:
11916:
11908:
11851:
11539:
11254:
10943:
10831:
10437:
9178:
8770:
8591:
8327:
17 November 2015; Retrieved 3 January 2014];1(20). Russian.
8216:
7550:
6441:
Russian/Soviet and Western psychiatry: a contemporary comparative study
6363:Письма русского путешественника [Letters of a Russian traveler]
6350:Письма русского путешественника [Letters of a Russian traveler]
3682:
2829:
2028:
1617:
1586:
1248:
1040:
874:
817:
812:
668:
12857:
11052:
8702:
7762:
7600:
7579:
5924:
Medicine betrayed: the participation of doctors in human rights abuses
5370:
5368:
3360:
Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals 1983
15044:
14509:
13746:
13741:
13563:
13456:
13286:
12947:
12694:
12539:
12388:
12361:
12174:
12129:
12038:
12006:
11986:
11978:
11307:
11097:
9904:
9829:
9500:
8621:
The involvement of Soviet psychiatry in the persecution of dissenters
8253:Как я писал закон для СССР [How I wrote the Law for the USSR]
7496:
6537:
6310:
28 September 2011; Retrieved 5 March 2013];30(1):136–44.
6054:
2906:
2726:
2698:
2658:
2000:
1656:
1481:
1388:
1243:
1015:
939:
862:
827:
439:
15189:
14044:
7334:Основы социальной медицины [Fundamentals of social medicine]
7057:. Moscow: Академический проект ; 2001. Russian.
6797:. Moscow: Академический проект ; 2000. Russian.
6485:
Biographical dictionary of dissidents in the Soviet Union, 1956–1975
6402:. Göteborg: Samarbetsdynamik AB; 1975b. Danish.
2644:
negotiations of the statement started, and each word was discussed.
2640:
has been elected as the WPA President by the overwhelming majority.
1640:
1623:
15141:
14884:
14434:
13736:
13281:
13015:
12975:
12273:
12114:
12011:
11886:
11705:
11609:
10749:
10607:
10061:
9879:
A Question of Madness: Repression by Psychiatry in the Soviet Union
5958:, Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals
5895:
Amnesty International French Medical Commission and Valérie Marange
5365:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3173:
2559:
2394:
2227:
1895:
1854:
1822:
1755:
1739:
1463:
970:
and threatens human rights activists with a psychiatric diagnosis.
930:
465:
434:
15211:
Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
15177:
11393:
Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
9786:Карта: Российский независимый исторический и правозащитный журнал
8715:
Psychiatry and the dark side: eugenics, Nazi and Soviet psychiatry
7222:
6819:. Kiev: Издательство «Сфера» ; 2002. Russian.
4702:
3618:
2588:
participation in monitoring of future practice must be obligatory;
2327:
organized a conference against political abuse of psychiatry, and
1722:(CAPA), an organization constituted as the British section of the
13628:
13132:
12219:
12104:
12094:
12043:
11584:
10329:
9535:Мир советской психиатрии [The world of Soviet psychiatry]
9279:
26 July 2011; Retrieved 5 March 2013];30(1):131–135.
9237:
7163:
The therapeutic state: Psychiatry in the mirror of current events
6691:
Abandoned to the state: cruelty and neglect in Russian orphanages
6232:
The perversion of knowledge: the true story of the Soviet science
3069:
3067:
2690:
2422:
2366:
2214:
Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals
2071:
1850:
1814:
1456:
An In Absentia Psychiatric Opinion on the Case of P.G. Grigorenko
1325:
146:
8543:
Coercion in psychiatry: still an instrument of political misuse?
7691:
Swiss and American Psychiatric Associations vote to suspend USSR
4099:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3847:
3642:
3170:
2761:
after the visit of the team to the Soviet Union, a coup against
2546:
In the months prior to the Eighth World Psychiatric Assembly in
1364:
1288:
have long recorded the methods by which Soviet psychiatrists in
12287:
12089:
12028:
10963:
9966:
9935:(in Russian). New York: Издательство «Хроника» . Archived from
9574:
9530:
8589:. World psychiatry: readmitting the Soviet Union.
8497:
The work of the WPA Committee to Review the Abuse of Psychiatry
7079:. Princeton: Princeton University Press; 2009.
6948:
The Protest Psychosis: How Schizophrenia Became a Black Disease
5791:
3238:
3236:
3223:
3221:
3196:
3194:
3192:
2983:
2971:
2852:
The Protest Psychosis: How Schizophrenia Became a Black Disease
2555:
2551:
2547:
2491:
2389:
In 1989, the stonewalling of Soviet psychiatry was overcome by
2278:
2274:
2269:
2222:
2177:
2140:
1909:
UN Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness
1870:
1842:
1810:
1696:
Committee against the Special Psychiatric Hospitals in the USSR
1691:
1652:
1500:
926:
922:
918:
836:
15165:
9970:
No Asylum: State Psychiatric Repression in the Former U.S.S.R.
9850:
9221:. Soviet psychiatry: its supporters in the West.
8757:
Political neutrality and international cooperation in medicine
7965:
The political misuse of Soviet psychiatry: Honolulu and beyond
7370:
Sociolegal control of homosexuality: a multi-nation comparison
6794:Социодинамическая психиатрия [Sociodynamic Psychiatry]
4087:
3064:
1837:, and the Soviet psychiatric leaders met with colleagues from
13551:
13429:
12772:
12728:
American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation
12234:
12017:
10096:
9875:
9272:
The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
7903:
7610:
Psychiatric Official Denies Forcible Commitment of Dissidents
7142:
Soviet intellectuals and political power: the post-Stalin era
4953:
4123:
3903:
3874:
3383:
2282:
1731:
1546:
1460:
An In Absentia Forensic-psychiatric Report on P.G. Grigorenko
1321:
1265:
1055:
623:
14091:
Initiative Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR
9999:
International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry
9834:
International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry
9776:
9751:
9728:
9597:; 25 April 2014; p. duration 00.15.21 (part 1). Russian.
8791:
Former Soviet Dissidents Believed APA Pressure Forced Change
7313:
International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry
5968:
International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry
5956:
International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry
4656:
4654:
4639:
4585:
4247:
4223:
4196:
4054:
4044:
4042:
4040:
3233:
3218:
3189:
2176:
On 12 August 1982, in preparation for the World Congress in
1915:
Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness
1770:
Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
1736:
International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry
1601:, the Deputy Director of the Institute of Psychiatry of the
1555:
1432:— Bukovsky's 1971 letter addressed to Western psychiatrists
900:
Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
13663:
13439:
12312:
12194:
10086:
10030:
9079:
The prostitution of forensic psychiatry in the Soviet Union
6154:. Frankfurt am Main: Посев ; 1971. Russian.
4135:
4111:
2817:
2337:
2286:
1826:
1269:
9755:
Soviet psychiatric abuse: the shadow over world psychiatry
9084:
Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
8691:
The Special Committee on the Political Abuse of Psychiatry
8021:. Bukovsky appeals to Western psychiatrists.
6782:. Moscow: ЗАО Юстицинформ ; 2010. Russian.
6466:. Moscow: Юнити-Дана ; 2002. Russian.
6277:
Soviet psychiatric abuse: the shadow over world psychiatry
6063:
Development: Seeds of change, village through global order
4213:
4211:
4159:
3148:
3146:
2171:
1272:, the secret police and the precursor organization to the
1260:
ironic diminutive for "mental hospital". One of the first
13648:
13468:
12767:
12747:
12742:
9395:
8937:. Political Dissenters in Mental Hospitals.
8899:. Plea to West on Soviet 'mad-house' jails.
7210:
Psychiatry as a tool of coercion in post-Soviet countries
6640:
6303:
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
5536:
5534:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5515:
5513:
5210:
5208:
5206:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4860:
4858:
4816:
4765:
4763:
4748:
4651:
4460:
4320:
4037:
3726:, pp. 80–81; see the Russian text of the letter in:
3695:
3407:
2629:
1273:
894:
751:
9994:
Soviet Political Psychiatry: The Story of the Opposition
9231:
7875:
Anatoly Koryagin: what next on Soviet psychiatric abuse?
7751:
World Psychiatric Association: The Declaration of Hawaii
6628:. Melbourne: Scribe Publications; 2001.
6581:
Russian youth: law, deviance, and the pursuit of freedom
5963:
Soviet Political Psychiatry: The Story of the Opposition
5949:. U.S. Helsinki Watch Committee; 1988. p. 3.
5658:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5261:
5259:
5119:
5085:
4899:
4897:
4629:
4627:
4625:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4386:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4318:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4264:
4262:
4186:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4174:
3825:
3823:
3808:
3670:
3570:
3504:
2527:
All-Union Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists
2373:
Zhurnal Nevropatologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni S S Korsakova
1901:
1978 saw a public statement made by Soviet psychiatrist
949:
Action Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR
8155:
Psychiatry and political repression in the Soviet Union
6929:. Central European University Press; 2004.
5776:
5556:
5471:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5459:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5451:
5449:
5447:
5445:
5443:
5441:
5439:
5437:
5435:
5402:
5400:
5323:
5321:
5319:
5317:
5315:
5313:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5305:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4492:
4490:
4208:
3521:
3519:
3434:, pp. 7, 47, 60, 67, 77, 259, 291; Koryagin (
3143:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3020:
3018:
2959:
1873:; among the members was Marat Vartanyan from the USSR.
9425:Журнал невропатологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова
8205:. Psychiatric abuse in the Soviet Union.
8051:. A manual on psychiatry for dissidents.
7905:
Bebtschuk, Marina; Smirnova, Daria; Khayretdinov, Oleg
7716:
6743:
Human rights in American and Russian political thought
6642:
Grigorenko, Elena; Ruzgis, Patricia; Sternberg, Robert
6478:
6430:. Milan: L'erba voglio; 1979. Italian.
5629:
5525:
5510:
5498:
5433:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5419:
5417:
5415:
5374:
5341:
5203:
5166:
5164:
5097:
5052:
5050:
5035:
4965:
4882:
4855:
4843:
4833:
4831:
4760:
4719:
4717:
4690:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4418:
4416:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3779:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2409:
as head of the psychiatric team; psychiatrists of the
15130:
9920:
9896:
8393:
Book Review: Robert van Voren, Cold War in Psychiatry
8093:. Psychiatrie-handbuch für dissidenten.
8043:. January–February 1975c;(13):36–61. Russian.
7387:
7037:. New York: St Martin's Press; 1988.
6144:
5893:
5873:
5688:
5641:
5387:
5385:
5383:
5256:
5246:
5244:
5242:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5156:
5154:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5075:
5073:
5071:
5069:
4921:
4909:
4894:
4804:
4734:
4732:
4678:
4616:
4573:
4534:
4446:
4367:
4297:
4274:
4259:
4171:
3820:
3727:
3375:
2413:, including Scientific Director of the US Delegation
9952:] (in Russian). Moscow: "Совершенно секретно" .
9498:. Plea to West on Soviet 'mad-house' jails.
9297:
Political Abuse of Psychiatry—An Historical Overview
9233:
Voevoda, Vladimir; Chugunova, Nina; Krivtsov, Pavel
8373:Карательная психиатрия [Punitive psychiatry]
7907:. Family and family therapy in Russia.
7256:
Cold war in psychiatry: human factors, secret actors
7123:. University of Washington Press; 1979.
7098:
Changing American psychiatry: a personal perspective
6422:
6074:
5397:
5302:
5297:
4775:
4563:
4561:
4487:
4477:
4475:
4355:
4105:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3733:
3630:
3594:
3516:
3483:
3206:
3054:
2457:
and other anti-Soviet essays; distributing books by
1608:
In 1974, Bukovsky and the incarcerated psychiatrist
1466:
form in 1971 and was based on the medical record of
9943:
9691:
History of dissent in the USSR: contemporary period
9682:
9657:
8859:
6717:
Civil society and corruption: mobilizing for reform
6322:
5732:
5730:
5715:
5412:
5191:
5131:
5047:
4828:
4714:
4708:
4597:
4413:
3949:
3891:
3745:
3624:
3606:
3582:
3387:
3073:
2995:
2570:: Had political psychiatric abuse occurred or not?
2058:The psychiatric consultants to the commission were
1359:
1268:. In 1939 it was transferred to the control of the
1264:was the Psychiatric Prison Hospital in the city of
9345:
8836:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
8831:Genetic screening in the workplace: ethical issues
8563:
8071:
8063:. A dissident's guide to psychiatry.
6787:
6187:Soviet Criminal Law and Procedure: The RSFSR Codes
5710:
5585:
5561:
5380:
5239:
5220:
5141:
5066:
4792:
4729:
4522:
4147:
4093:
4025:
4013:
4003:
4001:
3427:
3158:
3103:
3079:
2989:
2977:
15216:Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
10005:
9861:] (in Russian). Kiev: Издательство «Сфера» .
9709:
9267:Comparing Soviet and Chinese Political Psychiatry
7769:
7439:A new campaign against the political mind-benders
6662:
6394:
6332:. University of Toronto Press; 2007.
5900:Doctors and torture: resistance or collaboration?
4984:
4870:
4558:
4546:
4472:
4235:
4129:
3926:
3868:
3835:
3648:
3315:
3286:
3183:
2886:
2846:Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
1581:In the same year, the Representative Body of the
15202:
13737:Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences
12713:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States
9796:
8353:Monitors: Journal of Human Rights and Technology
8101:
8085:. September 1975;449(9):307–332. French.
8059:
8047:
8031:
7970:Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
7656:
7623:Цитатник номера [Quote set of the issue]
6809:
6424:Bukovskij, Vladimir; Gluzman, Semen; Leva, Marco
6370:
6081:Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
5727:
5573:
4666:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4060:
3976:
3431:
3327:
3242:
3200:
2796:In 1992, a new commission was created under the
2239:Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
2098:were published in the key samizdat publication,
1712:London School of Economics and Political Science
11150:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972
10557:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences
9821:
9625:
9419:
9241:. 15–22 April 1989;(16):24–27. Russian.
9099:
8183:
8089:
7944:The Journal of the American Medical Association
6926:Between exile and asylum: an eastern epistolary
6760:. McGraw-Hill International; 2007.
6376:A manual of psychiatry for political dissidents
5757:
5360:US Delegation Report (Russian translation) 2009
5186:
5135:
5030:
4117:
3998:
3471:
3264:
3138:
3059:US Delegation Report (Russian translation) 2009
1489:. The psychiatrists described the documents in
9195:Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine
8237:Это было в Афинах… [It was in Athens…]
7424:
7181:
7101:. American Psychiatric Pub; 2008.
6190:. Harvard University Press; 1972.
5853:
5278:Psychiatric Practices in the Soviet Union 1989
4959:
4645:
3920:
3885:
2743:
1280:, who was the head of the NKVD. International
15221:Persecution of dissidents in the Soviet Union
14060:
12873:
10046:
9640:Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia
8861:Ougrin, Dennis; Gluzman, Semyon; Dratcu, Luiz
8321:Нейроnews: Психоневрология и нейропсихиатрия
7733:
7633:
7514:. 5 November 1977;2(6096):1204–1205.
7436:
7308:Soviet psychiatric abuse in the Gorbachev era
6853:
6270:
6246:
5996:Reform and human rights: the Gorbachev record
5026:
5010:
4943:
4660:
4591:
4466:
4450:
4349:
4253:
4229:
4202:
4141:
4048:
3799:
3723:
3319:
3227:
2950:
2523:Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia
2384:
1445:Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia
1203:
722:
12789:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
10340:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council
9585:
9191:Secular humanism and "scientific psychiatry"
8537:
7791:
7677:
7586:
7565:
7482:
7462:. 8 September 1973;3(5879):509–510.
7191:. Transaction Publishers; 2001.
7029:
6885:. Transaction Publishers; 1980.
6863:. Transaction Publishers; 1986.
6831:
6746:. University Press of America; 1982.
6669:Ethics in Psychiatry: European Contributions
6584:. Transaction Publishers; 1995.
6480:De Boer, S.P.; Driessen, E.J.; Verhaar, H.L.
6456:
5792:Government publications and official reports
5673:
5671:
4822:
4754:
4454:
3803:
3764:
3676:
3664:
3371:
3097:
2894:
2769:
2297:, who served as the fourth president of the
2023:. The commission was formally linked to the
11650:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
9859:Soviet psychiatry: fallacies and wilfulness
9693:] (in Russian). Vilnius—Moscow: Весть .
9686:История инакомыслия в СССР: новейший период
9003:"Институт дураков" Виктора Некипелова [
8095:Samisdat. Stimmen aus dem „anderen Rußland"
7135:
6985:
6647:Psychology of Russia: past, present, future
6606:. RC Psych Publications; 2011.
6603:International Perspectives on Mental Health
6574:
5939:
5060:
4165:
3384:Bebtschuk, Smirnova & Khayretdinov 2012
3339:
3258:
2878:
2657:The All-Union Society of Psychiatrists and
1631:for Vladimir Bukovsky's release from prison
14067:
14053:
12880:
12866:
12753:United States involvement in regime change
10308:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
10053:
10039:
9967:Smith, Theresa; Oleszczuk, Thomas (1996).
9854:Советская психиатрия: Заблуждения и умысел
8053:Survey: A Journal of East and West Studies
7883:. 7 November 1987;295(6607):1164.
7620:
7301:
7007:
6919:
4738:
3576:
3510:
3491:
3455:
2954:
2907:Society for International Development 1984
2832:by political and legislative means during
1506:
1210:
1196:
729:
715:
14087:Human rights movement in the Soviet Union
9851:Korotenko, Ada; Alikina, Natalia (2002).
9634:
9630: [Retrieved 28 January 2013].
9494:
9399:. 22 January 1983;286(6361):309.
8895:
8797:. 19 November 2010;45(22):11–26.
8359:
7947:. 21 November 1980;244(20):2354.
7933:
7847:
7825:
7644:. 8 September 1977;75(1068):571.
7363:
7327:
7113:
7049:
6907:. Xlibris Corporation; 2010.
6860:Soviet foreign policy in a changing world
6772:
6500:
5882:Political abuse of psychiatry in the USSR
5668:
5091:
4696:
4540:
4507:
4505:
3814:
3783:
3715:
3711:
3660:
3560:
3556:
3495:
3459:
3423:
3411:
3391:
2965:
2488:Psychiatric Practices in the Soviet Union
2159:Podrabinek, Alexander Voloshanovich, and
1627:Protest demonstration of January 1975 in
877:-10 of the Stalin Criminal Code—which as
9876:Medvedev, Zhores; Medvedev, Roy (1979).
9565:
9173:. July/August 2004;41(5):54–58.
9125:
9113:. September 2014;57(5):447–458.
9073:
9037:
9019:
8997:
8979:
8967:. September 1992;16(9):587–589.
8943:. August 1971;119(549):225–226.
8921:. 12 October 1978;25(15):70–71.
8907:
8869:. November 2006;30(12):456–459.
8649:
8615:
8595:. 30 June 1988;2(8605):268–269.
8585:
8479:Perspectives on Soviet Law for the 1980s
8413:
8331:
8311:
8295:
8279:
8201:
8129:. September 1985;36(9):925–928.
8055:. Winter–Spring 1975d;21(1):180–199.
8017:
7857:. 31 January 1976;1(5):122–123.
7805:. December 1993;163(6):713–720.
7779:. September 2014;21(3):243–255.
7776:Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology
7341:
6973:. Human Rights Watch; 2002.
6736:
6710:
6552:
6434:
6356:
6344:
6226:
6158:
5706:
5662:
5041:
4684:
4361:
4217:
3992:
3988:
3775:
3739:
3707:
3600:
3525:
3487:
3467:
3463:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3379:
3347:
3323:
3303:
3299:
3292:
3152:
3122:
3042:
2882:
2812:Over five years, from 1998 to 2003, the
2798:Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation
2685:reeducate themselves and to lead a new,
2127:
1975:
1622:
1554:
1363:
1335:Moscow Institute for Forensic Psychiatry
826:
15236:Human rights abuses in the Soviet Union
12887:
10879:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia)
9777:Bloch, Sidney; Reddaway, Peter (1996).
9752:Bloch, Sidney; Reddaway, Peter (1985).
9729:Bloch, Sidney; Reddaway, Peter (1977).
9609:
9577:, USA: [TV interview],
9055:
8933:
8751:
8733:
8667:
8491:
8461:. February 2014;36(1):147–175.
8447:
8307:. 2009b;20(300):18–19. Russian.
8263:
8247:
8231:
8149:
8119:
8065:A Chronicle of Human Rights in the USSR
7869:
7659:Soviets Left WPA Under Expulsion Threat
7430:A Chronicle of Human Rights in the USSR
7091:
7017:. Karoma Publishers; 1980.
6875:
5682:
5678:
5406:
5335:
4610:
4434:
4422:
3897:
3829:
3751:
3719:
3696:Grigorenko, Ruzgis & Sternberg 1997
3545:
3451:
3447:
3415:
3408:Grigorenko, Ruzgis & Sternberg 1997
3395:
3331:
3134:
3126:
3085:
2902:
2724:The next day, the government newspaper
2516:
2172:Resolutions for expulsion or suspension
1643:airport and, after a short stay in the
1462:; this document started circulating in
964:Political abuse of psychiatry in Russia
15203:
12906:Index of Soviet Union–related articles
12723:Russian espionage in the United States
10995:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
9545:
9476:
9291:
9255:Вестник Ассоциации психиатров Украины
9245:
8881:
8825:
8685:
8681:. 16 April 2010;(47). Russian.
8427:. December 1978;4(4):217–218.
8387:
8343:
8273:Вестник Ассоциации психиатров Украины
8257:Вестник Ассоциации психиатров Украины
8073:Boukovsky, Vladimir; Glouzmann, Semion
7729:21 March 2012];5(19). Russian.
7665:. 19 November 2010;45(22):11.
7627:Вестник Ассоциации психиатров Украины
7614:The Current Digest of the Soviet Press
7249:
7243:Вестник Ассоциации психиатров Украины
7203:
7069:
6618:
6596:
6562:. Psychology Press; 2003.
6329:Madness and the mad in Russian culture
6292:
6214:. ERES; 2006. French.
6180:
6146:Artyomova, A.; Slavinsky, M.; Rar, L.
6098:2015-11-29];15(4 Suppl):1–79.
6011:
5993:
5974:
5834:
5816:
5798:
5721:
5635:
5619:
5552:
5540:
5519:
5504:
5475:
5347:
5289:
5214:
5197:
5182:
5120:Voevoda, Chugunova & Krivtsov 1989
5115:
5103:
5056:
5022:
5006:
5002:
4978:
4939:
4927:
4915:
4903:
4888:
4864:
4849:
4837:
4769:
4742:
4633:
4579:
4528:
4516:
4512:
4502:
4496:
4442:
4438:
4390:
4324:
4291:
4268:
4190:
4031:
3972:
3564:
3541:
3537:
3403:
3355:
3351:
3343:
3282:
3254:
3212:
3164:
3130:
3109:
2938:
2934:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2874:
2816:made three attempts to submit for the
2047:. In 1977, he completed a book titled
1694:, a group of doctors constituted the "
1346:Leningrad Psychoneurological Institute
798:Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute
14096:Committee on Human Rights in the USSR
14074:
14048:
12861:
12718:Soviet espionage in the United States
10874:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966
10653:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution
10318:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
10034:
9508:
9458:
9361:
9325:
9305:. January 2010a;36(1):33–35.
9261:
9217:
9185:
9159:
9101:Schmidt, Victoria; Shchurko, Tatsiana
9066:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
9048:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
9030:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
9012:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
8990:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
8809:
8785:
8744:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
8660:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
8629:. March 1989;154(3):336–340.
8517:
8484:American Journal of International Law
8473:
8097:. 1976;(Nr. 8):29–48. German.
7993:
7959:
7771:Abouelleil, Mohammed; Bingham, Rachel
7709:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
7681:The Yale Journal of International Law
7607:
7417:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
7402:Nezavisimiy Psikhiatricheskiy Zhurnal
7275:
7157:
6963:
6941:
6897:
6750:
6664:Helmchen, Hanfried; Sartorius, Norman
6650:. Nova Publishers; 1997.
6526:
6202:
6068:Society for International Development
6057:Society for International Development
5567:
5492:
5488:
5265:
5170:
5079:
4810:
4798:
4786:
4567:
4552:
4481:
4407:
4403:
4241:
4153:
4019:
3960:
3943:
3636:
3612:
3479:
3475:
3419:
3399:
3335:
2930:
2898:
2890:
2558:, and the one before that in 1977 in
1614:A Manual on Psychiatry for Dissidents
1562:(b. 1946), a Ukrainian psychiatrist,
1495:of August 1971 and wrote a letter to
1246:were often confined in the so-called
958:A Manual on Psychiatry for Dissidents
15286:Cold War history of the Soviet Union
12794:Soviet Union–United States relations
11145:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China
9431:
9385:
9139:. August 1973;3(3):267–269.
8955:
8803:10.1176/pn.45.22.psychnews_45_22_023
8721:. January 2014;20(1):52–60.
8709:
8663:. 2007;(№ 3):82–90. Russian.
8565:Khvorostianov, Natalia; Elias, Nelly
8525:. January 2015;21(1):54–62.
8033:Bukovsky, Vladimir; Gluzman, Semyon
8005:. March 1990;14(3):129–133.
7913:. April 2012;24(2):121–127.
7757:. January 1978b;2(1):12–13.
7748:
7688:
7671:10.1176/pn.45.22.psychnews_45_22_024
7534:
7285:. Amsterdam & New York:
7259:. Amsterdam & New York:
6684:
6396:Bukovskiĭ, Vladimir; Gluzman, Semyon
6280:. Westview Press; 1985.
6234:. Westview Press; 2004.
4990:
4947:
4876:
4672:
4345:
4341:
3780:De Boer, Driessen & Verhaar 1982
3588:
3499:
2011:, a 30-year-old computer programmer
1745:
12758:Soviet involvement in regime change
9464:Moscow silencing psychiatry critics
9427:. 1990;(90):70–74. Russian.
9391:Imprisonment of Dr Anatoly Koryagin
9373:. June 1991;15(6):369–370.
9347:Vinogradova, Lyubov; Savenko, Yuri
9051:. 2007b;(3):75–77. Russian.
8839:. June 1983;25(6):451–454.
8401:. June 2011;22(2):246–247.
8103:Bukovsky, Vladimir; Reddaway, Peter
8061:Bukovsky, Vladimir; Gluzman, Semyon
8049:Bukovsky, Vladimir; Gluzman, Semyon
7973:. June 1980;14(2):109–114.
7843:2 February 2014];37(2):387–426.
7701:
7503:
7451:
7409:
7394:
6789:Korolenko, Caesar; Dmitrieva, Nina
6372:Bukovsky, Vladimir; Gluzman, Semyon
6324:Brintlinger, Angela; Vinitsky, Ilya
6030:
5915:
5750:
5736:
5694:
5623:
5607:
5603:
5591:
5579:
5391:
5293:
5250:
5233:
4723:
4337:
4072:Bukovsky and Gluzman (
4007:
3841:
3795:
3728:Artyomova, Rar & Slavinsky 1971
3462:, pp. 243, 252; Savenko (
3270:
2870:
2605:West German Psychiatric Association
2411:National Institute of Mental Health
2154:In the autumn of 1978, the British
1940:
803:Independent Psychiatric Association
13:
12799:Soviet Union–United States summits
10273:1947 Polish parliamentary election
10158:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
9712:Droit d'asiles en Union Soviétique
9651:
9069:. 2010;(4):13–17. Russian.
9033:. 2007a;(3):9–10. Russian.
8747:. 2010;(1):69–71. Russian.
8505:. June 2002;1(2):126–127.
8185:Freedman, Alfred; Halpern, Abraham
8091:Bukowski, Wladimir; Gluzman, Semen
7910:International Review of Psychiatry
7388:Journal articles and book chapters
6951:. Beacon Press; 2010.
4106:Bukovskij, Gluzman & Leva 1979
2823:Fundamentals of Health Legislation
2754:Commonwealth of Independent States
2541:
2263:
1720:Campaign Against Psychiatric Abuse
1539:
773:Campaign Against Psychiatric Abuse
14:
15302:
15246:Mental health in the Soviet Union
11560:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
11495:United States invasion of Grenada
10765:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
10706:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania
9825:On Soviet totalitarian psychiatry
9197:. 25 April 2006;1(1):E5.
8940:The British Journal of Psychiatry
8719:Advances in Psychiatric Treatment
8626:The British Journal of Psychiatry
8523:Advances in Psychiatric Treatment
8291:. 2009a;15(289). Russian.
8163:. 1982;37(10):1105–1112.
8126:Hospital and Community Psychiatry
7802:The British Journal of Psychiatry
7595:. February 1981;5(2):36.
7545:. June 1978a;4(2):71–73.
7491:. January 1979;3(1):5–7.
6811:Korotenko, Ada; Alikina, Natalia
6168:. CUP Archive; 1984.
5132:Ougrin, Gluzman & Dratcu 2006
3100:, pp. 36, 140, 156, 178–181.
3074:Ougrin, Gluzman & Dratcu 2006
1316:'s regime. However, according to
744:Psychiatry in Russia and the USSR
15231:Human rights in the Soviet Union
15188:
15176:
15164:
15152:
15140:
14029:
14028:
14016:
11635:United States invasion of Panama
11485:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War
11125:1971 Turkish military memorandum
11088:Communist insurgency in Thailand
11058:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
10990:Communist insurgency in Malaysia
10817:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
10745:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
10263:Restatement of Policy on Germany
9131:Psychiatry and the neurosciences
8845:10.1097/00043764-198306000-00009
8765:. June 1978;4(2):74–77.
7953:10.1001/jama.1980.03310200078038
7854:The Medical Journal of Australia
7736:The spread of Soviet suppression
7351:. Hutchinson; 1991.
7303:Voren, Robert van; Bloch, Sidney
7145:. I.B.Tauris; 1990.
6841:. Free Press; 1997.
6400:Håndbog i psykiatri for afvigere
5903:. Bellew Pub; 1991.
5700:
5613:
5597:
5546:
5481:
5283:
5176:
5125:
5109:
5016:
4996:
4933:
2431:American Psychiatric Association
2252:American Psychiatric Association
2199:Socialist Unity Party of Germany
2182:American Psychiatric Association
2031:along with ten others including
1752:American Psychiatric Association
1603:USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
1360:Soviet psychiatric abuse exposed
788:Struggle against political abuse
689:
28:
12355:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
11736:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
11665:Fall of the inner German border
11565:1988 Black Sea bumping incident
11215:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
11205:Spanish transition to democracy
11165:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency
10792:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
10298:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948
10179:Occupation of the Baltic states
9646:; 22 October 2013. Russian.
9341:22 July 2015]. Russian.
8697:. May 1981;5(5):94–95.
8539:Keukens, Rob; Voren, Robert van
8107:A Letter from Vladimir Bukovsky
7744:. 25 May 1978;78(1104):493.
7574:. May 1980;4(5):70–71.
7183:Spector, Malcolm; Kitsuse, John
6995:. Routledge; 2015.
6131:7 April 2014]. Russian.
6121:Global Initiative on Psychiatry
6024:U.S. Government Printing Office
6005:U.S. Government Printing Office
5987:U.S. Government Printing Office
5927:. Zed Books; 1992.
5847:U.S. Government Printing Office
5828:U.S. Government Printing Office
5810:U.S. Government Printing Office
4709:Brintlinger & Vinitsky 2007
4428:
4396:
4330:
4066:
3981:
3966:
3789:
3769:
3757:
3701:
3654:
3625:Brintlinger & Vinitsky 2007
3550:
3531:
3388:Brintlinger & Vinitsky 2007
3365:
3309:
3276:
3248:
3115:
2585:all detainees must be released;
2511:Global Initiative on Psychiatry
2135:(building with yellow flag) in
1929:United Nations General Assembly
904:dissolution of the Soviet Union
11135:Four Power Agreement on Berlin
10770:Mozambican War of Independence
10209:Indonesian National Revolution
9921:Podrabinek, Alexander (1979).
9897:Podrabinek, Alexander (1980).
9514:The world of Soviet psychiatry
9421:Zharikov, N.M.; Kiselev, A.S.
8551:. 2007;7(Suppl 1):S4.
8487:. July 1984;78(3):728–732.
8243:. 2011;(383). Russian.
8189:Soviet Psychiatry: An Exchange
7695:Human Rights Internet Reporter
7373:. Springer; 1997.
6672:. Springer; 2010.
6272:Bloch, Sidney; Reddaway, Peter
6248:Bloch, Sidney; Reddaway, Peter
6048:Royal College of Psychiatrists
6033:Royal College of Psychiatrists
5772:14 May 2012]. Russian.
5711:Vinogradova & Savenko 2006
4094:Boukovsky & Glouzmann 1975
3428:Khvorostianov & Elias 2015
3048:
2990:Korolenko & Dmitrieva 2000
2978:Korolenko & Dmitrieva 2000
2944:
2864:
2494:. The report was published in
2299:Royal College of Psychiatrists
2165:Royal College of Psychiatrists
2156:Royal College of Psychiatrists
2133:Royal College of Psychiatrists
1775:Royal College of Psychiatrists
1184:Ukrainian language suppression
754:(managing organ of psychiatry)
1:
15241:Human rights abuses in Russia
13569:Political abuse of psychiatry
13361:Congress of People's Deputies
12733:CIA and the Cultural Cold War
11748:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
11701:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident
11423:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts
11388:Seven Days to the River Rhine
11120:Corrective Revolution (Egypt)
10407:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état
10335:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
9944:Prokopenko, Anatoly (1997).
9541:2012-01-19]. Russian.
9451:
9257:. 2013b;(2). Russian.
9087:. 1980;8(1):111–113.
9015:. 2005b;(4). Russian.
8993:. 2005a;(1). Russian.
8819:Columbia Journal of Asian Law
8601:10.1016/S0140-6736(88)92549-4
7793:Adler, Nancy; Gluzman, Semyon
7589:News Items: Dr Semyon Gluzman
7485:Autumn Quarterly Meeting 1978
7447:. 1 July 1976;71(1007):4.
7237:Voren, Robert van .
6855:Laird, Robbin; Hoffmann, Erik
6514:; 2001. Russian.
6037:World Psychiatric Association
4130:Bukovskiĭ & Gluzman 1975b
3869:Helmchen & Sartorius 2010
3649:Helmchen & Sartorius 2010
3316:Abouelleil & Bingham 2014
3287:Helmchen & Sartorius 2010
3184:Helmchen & Sartorius 2010
2887:Helmchen & Sartorius 2010
2858:
2756:), the WPA General Secretary
2601:Swiss Psychiatric Association
2346:World Psychiatric Association
2218:World Psychiatric Association
2101:A Chronicle of Current Events
1921:UN Commission on Human Rights
1589:passed the following motion:
1492:British Journal of Psychiatry
1440:A Chronicle of Current Events
1046:Purges of the Communist Party
973:
911:World Psychiatric Association
849:political abuse of psychiatry
835:(the part of its building in
644:Political abuse of psychiatry
223:Congress of People's Deputies
11726:Fall of communism in Albania
11696:Mongolian Revolution of 1990
11645:Polish Round Table Agreement
10985:1968 Polish political crisis
10802:Eritrean War of Independence
10568:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
10463:East German uprising of 1953
10395:Chinese Communist Revolution
10060:
9714:. Paris: Editions Julliard.
9697:The Russian text of the book
9683:Alexeyeva, Ludmilla (1992).
9658:Alexeyeva, Ludmilla (1987).
9357:. 2006;(6). Russian.
8918:The New York Review of Books
8407:10.1177/0957154X110220020802
8323:. January 2010 [
8305:Новости медицины и фармации
8289:Новости медицины и фармации
8275:. 2013;(2). Russian.
8259:. 2012;(1). Russian.
8241:Новости медицины и фармации
8211:. 1984;21(5):54–59.
8194:The New York Review of Books
8169:10.1037/0003-066x.37.10.1105
8112:The New York Review of Books
7919:10.3109/09540261.2012.656305
7712:. 2004;(2). Russian.
7678: Soviet psychiatry.
7629:. 2013;(5). Russian.
7405:. 2005;(4). Russian.
7365:West, Donald; Green, Richard
7245:. 2013;(5). Russian.
7188:Constructing social problems
6833:Kutchins, Herb; Kirk, Stuart
5557:Human Rights Watch 1952–2003
4061:Bukovsky & Gluzman 1975c
3977:Bukovsky & Reddaway 1972
3432:Korotenko & Alikina 2002
3328:Korotenko & Alikina 2002
3243:Bukovsky & Gluzman 1975a
2358:stated in an interview with
2235:Committee on Foreign Affairs
22:Politics of the Soviet Union
7:
13732:Academy of Medical Sciences
11600:Korean Air Lines Flight 007
11328:Korean Air Lines Flight 902
11073:Corrective Movement (Syria)
11037:New People's Army rebellion
11032:Sino-Soviet border conflict
10760:Angolan War of Independence
10623:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
10503:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état
10148:Jamaican political conflict
9603:
9445:. March/April 1985:349.
9337:. 5 July 2015 [
8041:Хроника защиты прав в СССР
6722:University Press of America
6488:. BRILL; 1982.
6444:. Wiley; 1993.
6104:10.1093/schbul/15.suppl_1.1
5918:British Medical Association
5768:; 22 January 1970 [
5375:Neprikosnovennyj zapas 2001
5136:Zharikov & Kiselev 1990
5031:Freedman & Halpern 1989
4118:Bukowski & Gluzman 1976
3472:Schmidt & Shchurko 2014
2909:, p. 19; US GPO (
2839:
2744:Visit of the WPA delegation
2638:Jorge Alberto Costa e Silva
2310:
1583:British Medical Association
768:Political abuse in the USSR
183:Central Executive Committee
10:
15307:
15226:Imprisonment and detention
11796:Sino-Indian border dispute
11625:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
11555:1987–1989 JVP insurrection
11313:1976 Argentine coup d'état
11225:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
11175:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état
10859:1964 Brazilian coup d'état
10827:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964
10516:First Taiwan Strait Crisis
10283:Asian Relations Conference
10006:Voren, Robert van (2009).
9805:W. W. Norton & Company
9710:Antébi, Elizabeth (1977).
9626: Merriam-Webster.
9405:10.1136/bmj.286.6361.309-a
8961:Kenneth Rawnsley: Obituary
7684:. Fall 1985;11(1):354.
6160:Ball, Terence; Farr, James
5745:
4447:Amnesty International 1983
3921:Spector & Kitsuse 2001
3886:Spector & Kitsuse 2001
3390:, pp. 292, 293, 294;
3376:Amnesty International 1991
2787:Supreme Soviet of the USSR
2773:
2705:Secretary a short letter:
2385:Visit of the US delegation
2187:German Democratic Republic
1969:
1912:
1807:German Democratic Republic
1793:under the chairmanship of
1011:Soviet famine of 1930–1933
14140:
14116:Lithuanian Helsinki Group
14082:
14010:
13954:
13928:
13848:
13771:
13762:
13707:
13614:
13577:
13517:
13420:
13382:
13302:
13164:
13155:
13105:
13053:
13044:
12896:
12832:
12781:
12703:
12680:William Appleman Williams
12625:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
12407:
12379:
12328:
12260:
12253:
12187:
12052:
11977:
11907:
11900:
11809:
11756:
11688:
11401:
11140:Bangladesh Liberation War
11130:1971 Sudanese coup d'état
11045:
11017:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
11005:1968 Peruvian coup d'état
10668:
10443:Arab Cold War (1952–1979)
10420:
10130:
10068:
9975:New York University Press
9797:Fireside, Harvey (1982).
9666:Wesleyan University Press
9482:Speak Out? Are You Crazy?
9227:. 2 January 1978:4–5.
9145:10.1017/S0033291700049576
9110:International Social Work
8762:Journal of Medical Ethics
8727:10.1192/apt.bp.112.010330
8570:International Social Work
8557:10.1186/1471-244X-7-S1-S4
8531:10.1192/apt.bp.114.013409
8424:Journal of Medical Ethics
8355:. February 1997;1(1).
8339:. 2010b. Russian.
7979:10.3109/00048678009159364
7889:10.1136/bmj.295.6607.1164
7542:Journal of Medical Ethics
5298:US Delegation Report 1989
5027:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
5011:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
4944:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
4592:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
4451:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
4350:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
4254:Bloch & Reddaway 1977
4230:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
4203:Bloch & Reddaway 1977
4142:Laird & Hoffmann 1986
3800:Bloch & Reddaway 1977
3724:Bloch & Reddaway 1977
3484:US Delegation Report 1989
3320:Bloch & Reddaway 1985
3228:Bloch & Reddaway 1977
3055:US Delegation Report 1989
2951:Bloch & Reddaway 1977
2776:Russian Mental Health Law
2770:Russian Mental Health Law
2079:and British psychiatrist
1802:World Health Organization
1795:Deputy Minister of Health
1585:at its annual meeting at
1424:Thanking you in advance,
1421:ways harmful to mankind.
854:During the leadership of
763:Political abuse in Russia
539:Material balance planning
240:1989 Legislative election
15276:United Nations documents
14111:Ukrainian Helsinki Group
11455:1980 Turkish coup d'état
11290:Cambodian–Vietnamese War
11260:1978 Somali coup attempt
11220:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
11185:1973 Chilean coup d'état
11010:Revolutionary Government
10904:South African Border War
10696:1960 Turkish coup d'état
10613:Iraqi 14 July Revolution
10468:1953 Iranian coup d'état
10448:1952 Egyptian revolution
9945:
9923:
9853:
9822:Gluzman, Semyon (1989).
9780:
9685:
9119:10.1177/0020872814537852
9007:by Viktor Nekipelov]
8579:10.1177/0020872815574131
6137:
6077:U.S. Department of State
3677:Keukens & Voren 2007
3458:, pp. 10, 57, 136;
3372:Adler & Gluzman 1993
2895:Kutchins & Kirk 1997
2695:Republic of South Africa
2509:, on the website of the
2447:Ukrainian Helsinki Group
2399:United States government
1252:, or psychiatric wards.
968:fall of the Soviet Union
783:Cases of political abuse
354:Administrator of Affairs
15266:Law of the Soviet Union
15251:Mental health in Russia
14315:Alexander Esenin-Volpin
14170:Anton Antonov-Ovseyenko
14023:Soviet Union portal
11660:Fall of the Berlin Wall
11605:People Power Revolution
11590:Central American crisis
11530:1986 Black Sea incident
11180:1973 Afghan coup d'état
11078:Western Sahara conflict
10889:1966 Syrian coup d'état
10812:1963 Syrian coup d'état
10755:Portuguese Colonial War
10718:First Iraqi–Kurdish War
10483:1954 Syrian coup d'état
10360:Annexation of Hyderabad
10303:1947–1949 Palestine war
9559:. 22 February 2013.
9504:. 12 March 1971b:8.
8949:10.1192/bjp.119.549.225
8197:. 21 December 1989.
8067:. 1975e;(13):31–57.
7880:British Medical Journal
7723:Неприкосновенный запас
7520:10.1136/bmj.2.6096.1204
7511:British Medical Journal
7459:British Medical Journal
3494:, pp. 92, 95, 98;
2205:British Medical Journal
2060:Alexander Voloshanovich
2053:prisoners of conscience
1651:where later moved from
1507:Congress in Mexico City
758:Mental health in Russia
696:Soviet Union portal
208:Soviet of Nationalities
14985:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
14750:Valeriya Novodvorskaya
13915:Stalinist architecture
13669:Science and technology
13579:Ideological repression
13507:Soviet Airborne Forces
13445:Destruction battalions
11954:Neoclassical economics
11465:Gulf of Sidra incident
11022:1969 Libyan revolution
10713:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
10498:1954 Geneva Conference
10258:Turkish straits crisis
10253:Corfu Channel incident
10012:. Amsterdam—New York:
9788:(in Russian) (13–14):
9587:Boltyanskaya, Natella
9522:. 30 January 1983.
9302:Schizophrenia Bulletin
9165:Pharmacracy in America
9136:Psychological Medicine
8458:Human Rights Quarterly
8024:Intercontinental Press
7836:Santa Clara Law Review
7468:10.1136/bmj.3.5879.509
7432:. 1982;(45–48):62.
6091:Schizophrenia Bulletin
6070:; 1984. p. 19.
5941:Fitzpatrick, Catherine
5869:; 1984. p. 67.
4739:Voren & Bloch 1989
3492:Voren & Bloch 1989
2722:
2712:
2676:
2497:Schizophrenia Bulletin
2459:Alexander Solzhenitsyn
2308:
2261:
2212:, the chairman of the
2208:published a letter by
2143:
2004:
1891:
1831:Ivan Pavlovich Abramov
1761:On 10 September 1976,
1632:
1595:
1579:
1570:
1434:
1392:
1282:human rights defenders
1070:Ideological repression
887:sluggish schizophrenia
840:
808:Sluggish schizophrenia
639:Ideological repression
529:Science and technology
14815:Alexander Piatigorsky
14790:Konstantin Paustovsky
14760:Alexander Ogorodnikov
14400:Natalya Gorbanevskaya
14365:Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev
14106:Moscow Helsinki Group
14101:Solzhenitsyn Aid Fund
13697:List of metro systems
13250:Collective leadership
12804:Russia–NATO relations
12685:Jonathan Reed Winkler
11969:Democratic capitalism
11964:Supply-side economics
11932:American conservatism
11731:Breakup of Yugoslavia
11620:Bougainville conflict
11535:South Yemen civil war
11470:Martial law in Poland
11333:Nicaraguan Revolution
11308:Dirty War (Argentina)
11115:1971 JVP insurrection
10929:Years of Lead (Italy)
10807:North Yemen civil war
10725:Berlin Crisis of 1961
10701:Albanian–Soviet split
10633:1959 Tibetan uprising
10598:Syrian Crisis of 1957
10453:Iraqi Intifada (1952)
10313:1948 Arab–Israeli War
9907:: Karoma Publishers.
9779:"Diagnosis: dissent"
9702:20 March 2017 at the
9566:Audio-visual material
9379:10.1192/pb.15.6.369-a
9311:10.1093/schbul/sbp119
9203:10.1186/1747-5341-1-5
8635:10.1192/bjp.154.3.336
8467:10.1353/hrq.2014.0013
8433:10.1136/jme.4.4.217-b
8419:Declaration of Hawaii
8398:History of Psychiatry
8160:American Psychologist
7811:10.1192/bjp.163.6.713
7785:10.1353/ppp.2014.0043
7537:Declaration of Hawaii
7420:. 2009;(1):85–86.
7137:Shlapentokh, Vladimir
7076:Torture and Democracy
7031:Pospielovsky, Dimitry
6458:Chernosvitov, Evgeny
6380:Amnesty International
5889:; 1983. p. 1.
5887:Amnesty International
5876:Amnesty International
3557:West & Green 1997
3496:West & Green 1997
3201:Psychiatric News 2010
2717:
2707:
2654:
2634:Church of Scientology
2325:Italian Radical Party
2303:
2256:
2131:
2111:Information Bulletins
2106:Information Bulletins
2096:Information Bulletins
2092:Information Bulletins
2088:Information Bulletins
2025:Moscow Helsinki Group
1989:human rights activist
1983:(b. 1938), a Russian
1979:
1886:
1626:
1591:
1575:
1564:human rights activist
1558:
1395:
1377:human rights activist
1371:(b. 1942), a British
1367:
1276:, under the order of
830:
72:Collective leadership
15261:Ethics in psychiatry
15060:Andrei Tverdokhlebov
14835:Vladimir Pribylovsky
14650:Michail J. Makarenko
14490:Vitaliy Kalynychenko
14260:Viacheslav Chornovil
13659:Net material product
13602:Censorship of images
13519:Political repression
13479:Soviet Border Troops
13412:First Deputy Premier
12996:1965 economic reform
12991:Soviet space program
12225:Non-Aligned Movement
11847:Peaceful coexistence
11801:North Borneo dispute
11716:German reunification
11711:Min Ping Yu No. 5202
11409:Salvadoran Civil War
11358:Grand Mosque seizure
11353:Yemenite War of 1979
11245:Mozambican Civil War
11200:Carnation Revolution
11155:Yemenite War of 1972
11093:1970 Polish protests
10924:1967 Hong Kong riots
10899:Argentine Revolution
10849:Guatemalan Civil War
10777:Cuban Missile Crisis
10691:Bay of Pigs Invasion
10563:1956 Poznań protests
10541:Geneva Summit (1955)
10143:Hukbalahap Rebellion
10122:Non-Aligned Movement
9924:Карательная медицина
9800:Soviet Psychoprisons
9781:Диагноз: инакомыслие
9442:Wisconsin Law Review
9275:. 2002 [
8891:. 2006;39:71–97.
8875:10.1192/pb.30.12.456
8361:Gushansky, Emmanuil
7839:. 1997 [
7725:. 2001 [
7009:Podrabinek, Alexandr
6987:Pietikäinen, Petteri
6306:. 2002 [
6094:. 1989 [
5187:Merriam-Webster 2013
3394:, pp. 84, 108;
3380:Ball & Farr 1984
3139:Soviet Archives 1970
2758:Juan José Lopez Ibor
2733:Meditsinskaya Gazeta
2597:Australasian College
2517:Establishing the IPA
2502:USSR Health Ministry
2315:The freedoms of the
1710:and lecturer at the
1647:, took up refuge in
1487:Sheffield University
1301:Soviet secret police
1292:hospitals diagnosed
1242:In the Soviet Union
1237:Alexander Podrabinek
1179:Repressions of Poles
1174:Population transfers
1032:Political repression
966:continues after the
902:published after the
649:Political repression
614:Censorship of images
344:First Deputy Premier
82:Presidential Council
15005:Aleksandras Štromas
15000:Vladimir Strelnikov
14995:Galina Starovoytova
14945:Alexander Shatravka
14855:Irina Ratushinskaya
14825:Alexandr Podrabinek
14805:Yekaterina Peshkova
14680:Myroslav Marynovych
14665:Nadezhda Mandelstam
14555:Zoya Krakhmalnikova
14505:Ephraim Kholmyansky
14475:Sofiya Kalistratova
13727:Academy of Sciences
13542:Population transfer
13486:Soviet Armed Forces
13349:Congress of Soviets
13330:Presidium/Politburo
13294:Soviet anti-Zionism
13143:West Siberian Plain
13021:Revolutions of 1989
12958:Great Patriotic War
12943:New Economic Policy
12670:Alex von Tunzelmann
12660:Vladimir Tismăneanu
12585:Thomas J. McCormick
12580:Jack F. Matlock Jr.
12480:Robert Hugh Ferrell
12343:Crusade for Freedom
12140:Illiberal democracy
12024:Ho Chi Minh Thought
11827:Eisenhower Doctrine
11680:Peaceful Revolution
11675:Romanian Revolution
11655:Revolutions of 1989
11640:1988 Polish strikes
11550:Operation INFEKTION
11545:1987 Lieyu massacre
11450:Eritrean Civil Wars
11433:Peruvian Revolution
11383:1979 Herat uprising
11373:Sino-Vietnamese War
11338:Uganda–Tanzania War
11318:Egyptian–Libyan War
11285:Third Indochina War
11280:Sino-Albanian split
11270:Ethiopian Civil War
11170:Eritrean Civil Wars
11110:Ping-pong diplomacy
11083:Cambodian Civil War
10909:Korean DMZ Conflict
10894:Cultural Revolution
10864:Dominican Civil War
10842:Tlatelolco massacre
10628:1959 Mosul uprising
10618:1958 Lebanon crisis
10345:Al-Wathbah uprising
10268:First Indochina War
10238:Iran crisis of 1946
9735:Victor Gollancz Ltd
9615:BBC Russian Service
9472:. 26 July 1981.
8973:10.1192/pb.16.9.587
8367:]. In:
8135:10.1176/ps.36.9.925
8115:. 9 March 1972.
8011:10.1192/pb.14.3.129
7454:Abuse of Psychiatry
7215:European Parliament
7051:Pukhovsky, Nikolai
6921:Matvejević, Predrag
6502:Dmitrieva, Tatyana
6358:Bukovsky, Vladimir
6346:Bukovsky, Vladimir
6256:Victor Gollancz Ltd
5785:12 March 2012].
4960:Khronika Press 1982
4646:Americas Watch 1984
2361:Corriere della Sera
2045:Alexandr Podrabinek
2037:Anatoly Shcharansky
1763:Chairman of the KGB
1458:otherwise known as
1169:National operations
1061:Punitive psychiatry
988:Economic repression
983:in the Soviet Union
664:Suppressed research
654:Population transfer
524:New Economic Policy
203:Soviet of the Union
173:Congress of Soviets
15115:Alexander Zinoviev
15105:Venedikt Yerofeyev
15085:Vladimir Voinovich
15065:Tatyana Velikanova
14845:Anatoly Pristavkin
14715:Yosef Mendelevitch
14595:Mikhail Leontovich
14410:Sergei Grigoryants
14380:Alexander Ginzburg
14370:Zviad Gamsakhurdia
14280:Andrey Derevyankin
14215:Alexander Bolonkin
14155:Lyudmila Alexeyeva
13372:Military Collegium
13240:Capital punishment
13118:Caucasus Mountains
13031:Post-Soviet states
12911:Russian Revolution
12824:Russian Revolution
12620:Mary Elise Sarotte
12605:William B. Pickett
12530:Patrick J. Hearden
12510:Gabriel Gorodetsky
12505:Timothy Garton Ash
12490:Anneli Ute Gabanyi
12085:Ethnic nationalism
11837:Hallstein Doctrine
11721:Yemeni unification
11510:1985 Geneva Summit
11475:Casamance conflict
11378:New Jewel Movement
11363:Iranian Revolution
11348:Chadian–Libyan War
11295:Cambodian conflict
11275:Lebanese Civil War
11265:Western Sahara War
11240:June 1976 protests
11235:Cambodian genocide
11000:17 July Revolution
10954:Nigerian Civil War
10869:Rhodesian Bush War
10854:Colombian conflict
10797:Ramadan Revolution
10536:Bandung Conference
10412:Operation Valuable
10293:Partition of India
9556:The Ukrainian Week
9519:The New York Times
9490:. 30 May 2006.
9469:The New York Times
9355:Альманах «Неволя»
9247:Voren, Robert van
9179:10.1007/BF02688218
9005:Institute of fools
8771:10.1136/jme.4.2.74
8735:Magalif, Alexandr
8415:Helmchen, Hanfried
8217:10.1007/BF02695434
8019:Bukovsky, Vladimir
7616:. 1973;25(32).
7551:10.1136/jme.4.2.71
7115:Schroeter, Leonard
6992:Madness: A History
6904:Reflexive Practice
6696:Human Rights Watch
6576:Finckenauer, James
6510:. Mоscow:
6378:. London:
6046:. London:
5966:. London:
5862:Human Rights Watch
5709:, pp. 75–77;
4661:New Scientist 1978
4467:New Scientist 1977
4352:, pp. 233–239
4049:New Scientist 1976
3378:, pp. 9, 64;
3257:, pp. 16–18;
2482:or schizophrenia.
2463:Alexander Zinoviev
2353:Chief Psychiatrist
2161:Vladimir Moskalkov
2144:
2013:Vyacheslav Bakhmin
2005:
1993:political prisoner
1948:Jean-Yves Gosselin
1785:, Georgi Morozov,
1783:Andrei Snezhnevsky
1779:Ministry of Health
1669:Vladimir Voinovich
1633:
1571:
1568:political prisoner
1503:in November 1971.
1393:
1381:political prisoner
1350:Vladimir Bekhterev
883:Andrei Snezhnevsky
841:
778:Working Commission
398:Procurator General
386:Military Collegium
15291:Era of Stagnation
15128:
15127:
15090:Michael Voslenski
15035:Alexander Tarasov
15015:Nadiya Svitlychna
14905:Shmuel Schneurson
14830:Grigory Pomerants
14745:Alexander Nekrich
14685:Grigorii Maksimov
14675:Valeriy Marchenko
14670:Anatoly Marchenko
14575:Anatoly Kuznetsov
14465:Boris Kagarlitsky
14385:Yevgenia Ginzburg
14375:Vladimir Gershuni
14300:Mustafa Dzhemilev
14265:Lydia Chukovskaya
14255:Boris Chichibabin
14240:Vladimir Bukovsky
14230:Vladimir Bougrine
14076:Soviet dissidents
14042:
14041:
14006:
14005:
13998:Hammer and sickle
13940:and their groups
13938:Soviet dissidents
13717:Communist Academy
13634:Economic planning
13610:
13609:
13503:Soviet Air Forces
13422:Security services
13342:General Secretary
13325:Central Committee
13267:Political parties
13199:Brezhnev Doctrine
13194:Foreign relations
13151:
13150:
13092:Autonomous okrugs
13006:Soviet–Afghan War
12986:Sino-Soviet split
12928:Russian Civil War
12855:
12854:
12842:List of conflicts
12690:Rudolph Winnacker
12635:Giles Scott-Smith
12610:Ronald E. Powaski
12565:Melvyn P. Leffler
12495:John Lewis Gaddis
12470:Robert D. English
12435:Warren H. Carroll
12425:Michael Beschloss
12394:Nuclear arms race
12375:
12374:
12281:Neues Deutschland
12183:
12182:
12165:White nationalism
12135:Liberal democracy
11872:Ulbricht Doctrine
11862:Brezhnev Doctrine
11670:Velvet Revolution
11414:Soviet–Afghan War
11230:Angolan Civil War
11027:Goulash Communism
10884:ASEAN Declaration
10837:Mexican Dirty War
10735:Annexation of Goa
10686:1960 U-2 incident
10660:Sino-Soviet split
10638:Laotian Civil War
10478:Bricker Amendment
10458:Mau Mau rebellion
10402:Malayan Emergency
10390:Chinese Civil War
10350:Tito–Stalin split
10204:Division of Korea
10023:978-90-420-2585-1
10014:Rodopi Publishers
9984:978-0-8147-8061-9
9959:978-5-85275-145-4
9929:Punitive medicine
9914:978-0-89720-022-6
9900:Punitive medicine
9889:978-0-393-00921-7
9868:978-966-7841-36-2
9843:978-90-72657-02-2
9814:978-0-393-00065-8
9769:978-0-8133-0209-6
9744:978-0-575-02318-5
9721:978-2-260-00065-5
9675:978-0-8195-6176-3
9636:Kekelidze, Zurab
9621:; 9 October 2009.
9487:Los Angeles Times
9367:Soviet psychiatry
9327:Voren, Robert van
9293:Voren, Robert van
9263:Voren, Robert van
8888:Israel Law Review
8821:. 2000;14(1).
8703:10.1192/pb.5.5.94
8651:Kovalyov, Andrei
8617:Koryagin, Anatoly
8587:Koryagin, Anatoly
8493:Kastrup, Marianne
8027:. 1971;9:392.
7939:Punitive Medicine
7935:Bernstein, Norman
7849:Alexéyeff, Sergei
7827:Alexander, George
7763:10.1192/pb.2.1.12
7697:. 1982;8:381.
7601:10.1192/pb.5.2.36
7580:10.1192/pb.4.5.70
7295:978-90-420-2585-1
7287:Rodopi Publishers
7277:Voren, Robert van
7263:; 2010b.
7261:Rodopi Publishers
7251:Voren, Robert van
7231:978-92-823-4595-5
7217:; 2013a.
7205:Voren, Robert van
7014:Punitive medicine
6774:Kondratev, Fedor
6712:Johnston, Michael
6382:; 1975a.
6222:. p. 187–191.
5764:Vladimir Bukovsky
5697:, pp. 85–86.
4823:Psychiatrist 1979
4755:Psychiatrist 1980
4455:Yale Journal 1985
3804:Psychiatrist 1981
3765:Boltyanskaya 2014
3763:Watch from 07.47
3710:; Reddaway (
3665:Chernosvitov 2002
3098:Pospielovsky 1988
2763:Mikhail Gorbachev
2572:Alexander Tiganov
2455:Vladimir Vysotsky
2379:Gennady Milyokhin
2356:Aleksandr Churkin
2195:Central Committee
2191:Gorald Gorinovich
2149:Leonard Ternovsky
2123:Vladimir Bukovsky
2049:Punitive Medicine
1863:Hanfried Helmchen
1798:Dmitri Venediktov
1768:submitted to the
1746:Honolulu Congress
1476:Vladimir Bukovsky
1373:neurophysiologist
1369:Vladimir Bukovsky
1233:Punitive Medicine
1220:
1219:
1164:De-Cossackization
1156:Ethnic repression
935:Vladimir Bukovsky
856:General Secretary
833:Serbsky Institute
825:
824:
739:
738:
681:
680:
534:Era of Stagnation
476:
475:
361:
360:
249:
248:
155:
154:
126:General Secretary
111:Central Committee
15298:
15193:
15192:
15181:
15180:
15169:
15168:
15157:
15156:
15155:
15145:
15144:
15136:
15110:Yevgeny Zamyatin
15095:Anatoly Yakobson
15055:Valentin Turchin
14965:Andrei Sinyavsky
14955:Yurii Shukhevych
14950:Vladimir Shelkov
14935:Avital Sharansky
14925:Igor Shafarevich
14850:Boris Pustyntsev
14735:Viktor Nekipelov
14645:Kronid Lyubarsky
14635:Levko Lukyanenko
14600:Alexander Lerner
14580:Eduard Kuznetsov
14565:Yuri Kublanovsky
14530:Anatoly Koryagin
14430:Paruyr Hayrikyan
14405:Pyotr Grigorenko
14390:Anatoly Gladilin
14360:Alexander Galich
14310:Abulfaz Elchibey
14285:David Devdariani
14200:Nikolai Berdyaev
14195:Arkadiy Belinkov
14165:Chabua Amirejibi
14069:
14062:
14055:
14046:
14045:
14032:
14031:
14021:
14020:
14019:
13769:
13768:
13677:
13532:Collectivization
13277:Marxism–Leninism
13162:
13161:
13051:
13050:
12882:
12875:
12868:
12859:
12858:
12600:David S. Painter
12525:John Earl Haynes
12455:Nicholas J. Cull
12440:Adrian Cioroianu
12420:Thomas A. Bailey
12367:Voice of America
12258:
12257:
12170:White separatism
12150:Social democracy
12145:Guided democracy
12125:Authoritarianism
12075:Ultranationalism
12065:Anti-imperialism
11992:Marxism–Leninism
11905:
11904:
11892:Kinmen Agreement
11857:Johnson Doctrine
11842:Kennedy Doctrine
11758:Frozen conflicts
11741:1991 August Coup
11630:Afghan Civil War
11525:Reykjavík Summit
11520:Somali Rebellion
11460:Ugandan Bush War
11438:Gdańsk Agreement
10959:Protests of 1968
10939:War of Attrition
10648:Cuban Revolution
10584:We will bury you
10551:Cyprus Emergency
10531:Kashmir Princess
10521:Jebel Akhdar War
10370:Western betrayal
10055:
10048:
10041:
10032:
10031:
10027:
10002:
9988:
9963:
9940:
9939:on 22 June 2016.
9934:
9918:
9893:
9872:
9847:
9818:
9793:
9773:
9748:
9725:
9694:
9679:
9647:
9637:
9631:
9622:
9612:
9598:
9591:Voice of America
9588:
9582:
9560:
9548:
9542:
9528:
9523:
9511:
9505:
9497:
9491:
9479:
9473:
9461:
9446:
9434:
9428:
9422:
9416:
9388:
9382:
9371:The Psychiatrist
9364:
9358:
9348:
9342:
9328:
9322:
9294:
9288:
9264:
9258:
9248:
9242:
9234:
9228:
9220:
9214:
9188:
9182:
9162:
9156:
9128:
9122:
9102:
9096:
9076:
9070:
9058:
9052:
9040:
9034:
9022:
9016:
9000:
8994:
8982:
8976:
8965:The Psychiatrist
8958:
8952:
8936:
8930:
8910:
8904:
8898:
8892:
8884:
8878:
8866:The Psychiatrist
8862:
8856:
8828:
8822:
8812:
8806:
8795:Psychiatric News
8788:
8782:
8754:
8748:
8736:
8730:
8712:
8706:
8695:The Psychiatrist
8688:
8682:
8670:
8669:Leontev, Dmitry
8664:
8652:
8646:
8618:
8612:
8588:
8582:
8573:. 2015.
8566:
8560:
8540:
8534:
8520:
8514:
8502:World Psychiatry
8494:
8488:
8476:
8470:
8450:
8444:
8416:
8410:
8390:
8384:
8370:
8362:
8356:
8346:
8340:
8334:
8333:Gluzman, Semyon
8328:
8314:
8313:Gluzman, Semyon
8308:
8298:
8297:Gluzman, Semyon
8292:
8282:
8281:Gluzman, Semyon
8276:
8266:
8265:Gluzman, Semyon
8260:
8250:
8249:Gluzman, Semyon
8244:
8234:
8233:Gluzman, Semyon
8228:
8204:
8198:
8186:
8180:
8152:
8151:Faraone, Stephen
8146:
8122:
8116:
8104:
8098:
8092:
8086:
8074:
8068:
8062:
8056:
8050:
8044:
8034:
8028:
8020:
8014:
8003:The Psychiatrist
7996:
7990:
7962:
7956:
7936:
7930:
7906:
7900:
7872:
7866:
7850:
7844:
7828:
7822:
7794:
7788:
7772:
7766:
7755:The Psychiatrist
7745:
7730:
7713:
7698:
7685:
7674:
7663:Psychiatric News
7653:
7630:
7617:
7604:
7593:The Psychiatrist
7583:
7572:The Psychiatrist
7562:
7531:
7500:
7497:10.1192/pb.3.1.5
7489:The Psychiatrist
7479:
7448:
7433:
7421:
7406:
7382:
7366:
7360:
7348:Dateline freedom
7344:
7343:Vitaliev, Vitali
7338:
7330:
7329:Vasilenko, N.Y.
7324:
7315:; 1989.
7304:
7298:
7289:; 2009.
7278:
7272:
7252:
7246:
7234:
7206:
7200:
7184:
7178:
7169:; 1984.
7167:Prometheus Books
7160:
7154:
7138:
7132:
7116:
7110:
7094:
7088:
7072:
7066:
7052:
7046:
7032:
7026:
7010:
7004:
6988:
6982:
6966:
6960:
6944:
6938:
6922:
6916:
6900:
6894:
6878:
6872:
6856:
6850:
6834:
6828:
6812:
6806:
6790:
6783:
6775:
6769:
6753:
6747:
6739:
6733:
6724:; 2005.
6713:
6707:
6698:; 1998.
6687:
6681:
6665:
6659:
6643:
6637:
6621:
6615:
6599:
6593:
6577:
6571:
6555:
6549:
6540:; 2011.
6529:
6523:
6503:
6497:
6481:
6475:
6459:
6453:
6437:
6431:
6425:
6419:
6397:
6391:
6373:
6367:
6359:
6353:
6347:
6341:
6325:
6319:
6295:
6289:
6273:
6267:
6258:; 1977.
6249:
6243:
6229:
6223:
6209:
6205:
6199:
6183:
6177:
6161:
6155:
6147:
6132:
6127:; 2009 [
6115:
6083:
6071:
6059:
6051:
6039:
6027:
6020:Washington, D.C.
6008:
6001:Washington, D.C.
5990:
5983:Washington, D.C.
5971:
5959:
5950:
5942:
5936:
5920:
5912:
5896:
5890:
5878:
5870:
5858:
5850:
5843:Washington, D.C.
5831:
5824:Washington, D.C.
5813:
5806:Washington, D.C.
5786:
5773:
5751:Archival sources
5740:
5734:
5725:
5719:
5713:
5704:
5698:
5692:
5686:
5675:
5666:
5660:
5639:
5633:
5627:
5617:
5611:
5601:
5595:
5589:
5583:
5577:
5571:
5565:
5559:
5550:
5544:
5538:
5523:
5517:
5508:
5502:
5496:
5485:
5479:
5473:
5410:
5404:
5395:
5389:
5378:
5372:
5363:
5357:
5351:
5345:
5339:
5333:
5300:
5287:
5281:
5275:
5269:
5263:
5254:
5248:
5237:
5231:
5218:
5212:
5201:
5195:
5189:
5180:
5174:
5168:
5139:
5138:, pp. 70–74
5129:
5123:
5113:
5107:
5101:
5095:
5089:
5083:
5077:
5064:
5061:Fitzpatrick 1988
5054:
5045:
5039:
5033:
5020:
5014:
5000:
4994:
4988:
4982:
4976:
4963:
4957:
4951:
4937:
4931:
4925:
4919:
4913:
4907:
4901:
4892:
4886:
4880:
4874:
4868:
4862:
4853:
4847:
4841:
4835:
4826:
4820:
4814:
4808:
4802:
4796:
4790:
4784:
4773:
4767:
4758:
4752:
4746:
4736:
4727:
4721:
4712:
4706:
4700:
4694:
4688:
4682:
4676:
4670:
4664:
4658:
4649:
4643:
4637:
4631:
4614:
4608:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4577:
4571:
4565:
4556:
4550:
4544:
4538:
4532:
4526:
4520:
4509:
4500:
4494:
4485:
4479:
4470:
4464:
4458:
4445:, p. 71);
4432:
4426:
4420:
4411:
4400:
4394:
4388:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4334:
4328:
4322:
4295:
4289:
4272:
4266:
4257:
4251:
4245:
4239:
4233:
4227:
4221:
4215:
4206:
4200:
4194:
4188:
4169:
4166:Shlapentokh 1990
4163:
4157:
4151:
4145:
4139:
4133:
4127:
4121:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4097:
4091:
4085:
4070:
4064:
4058:
4052:
4046:
4035:
4029:
4023:
4017:
4011:
4005:
3996:
3985:
3979:
3970:
3964:
3958:
3947:
3941:
3924:
3918:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3883:
3872:
3866:
3845:
3839:
3833:
3827:
3818:
3812:
3806:
3793:
3787:
3773:
3767:
3761:
3755:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3731:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3680:
3674:
3668:
3658:
3652:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3622:
3616:
3610:
3604:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3580:
3574:
3568:
3554:
3548:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3369:
3363:
3340:Pietikäinen 2015
3313:
3307:
3296:
3290:
3280:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3259:Pietikäinen 2015
3252:
3246:
3240:
3231:
3225:
3216:
3210:
3204:
3198:
3187:
3181:
3168:
3162:
3156:
3150:
3141:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3062:
3052:
3046:
3040:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2948:
2942:
2879:Finckenauer 1995
2868:
2568:Anatoly Koryagin
2415:Darrel A. Regier
2403:State Department
2329:Robert van Voren
2295:Kenneth Rawnsley
2064:Anatoly Koryagin
2041:Helsinki Accords
2019:established the
1987:, former Soviet
1981:Anatoly Koryagin
1941:Review Committee
1867:Costas Stephanis
1728:Trafalgar Square
1677:Vladimir Maximov
1661:Valentin Turchin
1532:Psychiatric News
1526:Robert van Voren
1468:Pyotr Grigorenko
1339:Vladimir Serbsky
1318:Alexander Etkind
1309:Pyotr Gannushkin
1305:Andrey Vyshinsky
1212:
1205:
1198:
1001:Collectivization
978:
977:
867:Friedrich Engels
741:
740:
731:
724:
717:
694:
693:
692:
629:Collectivization
489:
488:
453:De-Stalinization
427:Marxism–Leninism
422:Soviet democracy
416:
415:
319:State Committees
262:
261:
168:
167:
100:
99:
32:
18:
17:
15306:
15305:
15301:
15300:
15299:
15297:
15296:
15295:
15201:
15200:
15199:
15187:
15175:
15163:
15153:
15151:
15139:
15131:
15129:
15124:
15080:Georgi Vladimov
15025:Vasyl Symonenko
15020:Ivan Svitlichny
14990:Pitirim Sorokin
14980:Sergei Soldatov
14970:Vladimir Slepak
14940:Natan Sharansky
14930:Varlam Shalamov
14900:Dmitri Savitski
14895:Andrei Sakharov
14865:Arseny Roginsky
14820:Leonid Plyushch
14810:Viktoras Petkus
14785:Boris Pasternak
14755:Vasile Odobescu
14740:Viktor Nekrasov
14705:Mykhailo Melnyk
14695:Zhores Medvedev
14615:Veniamin Levich
14590:Alexander Lavut
14535:Nahum Korzhavin
14495:Dina Kaminskaya
14415:Vasily Grossman
14350:Balys Gajauskas
14340:Moysey Fishbein
14335:Viktor Fainberg
14295:Yuri Druzhnikov
14245:Valery Chalidze
14190:Vasile Bătrânac
14150:Vasily Aksyonov
14145:Mikhail Agursky
14136:
14078:
14073:
14043:
14038:
14017:
14015:
14002:
13950:
13924:
13844:
13758:
13703:
13675:
13649:Internet domain
13644:Five-year plans
13606:
13573:
13513:
13416:
13378:
13310:Communist Party
13298:
13257:Passport system
13147:
13123:European Russia
13101:
13040:
12981:Khrushchev Thaw
12960:(World War II)
12938:Creation treaty
12892:
12886:
12856:
12851:
12828:
12819:Second Cold War
12777:
12705:
12699:
12675:Odd Arne Westad
12665:Patrick Vaughan
12650:Athan Theoharis
12630:Ellen Schrecker
12615:Yakov M. Rabkin
12590:Timothy Naftali
12535:Tvrtko Jakovina
12520:Jussi Hanhimäki
12403:
12381:
12371:
12349:Paix et Liberté
12324:
12268:Active measures
12249:
12179:
12160:White supremacy
12120:Totalitarianism
12048:
11973:
11896:
11882:Reagan Doctrine
11877:Carter Doctrine
11817:Truman Doctrine
11805:
11752:
11684:
11579:Soviet reaction
11490:Ndogboyosoi War
11397:
11368:Saur Revolution
11195:1973 oil crisis
11160:Munich massacre
11068:Alcora Exercise
11063:Black September
11041:
10787:Sino-Indian War
10681:Simba rebellion
10664:
10508:Capture of the
10416:
10355:Berlin Blockade
10288:May 1947 crises
10278:Truman Doctrine
10243:Greek Civil War
10232:Blacklist Forty
10199:Gouzenko Affair
10186:Cursed soldiers
10138:Morgenthau Plan
10126:
10064:
10059:
10024:
9991:
9985:
9973:New York City:
9960:
9947:
9932:
9925:
9915:
9890:
9869:
9855:
9844:
9815:
9782:
9770:
9745:
9722:
9704:Wayback Machine
9687:
9676:
9654:
9652:Further reading
9635:
9611:Fedenko, Pavel
9610:
9606:
9601:
9586:
9568:
9563:
9546:
9526:
9525:
9509:
9496:Reddaway, Peter
9495:
9477:
9459:
9454:
9449:
9432:
9420:
9386:
9362:
9346:
9326:
9292:
9262:
9246:
9232:
9218:
9186:
9160:
9126:
9100:
9074:
9056:
9038:
9020:
8998:
8980:
8956:
8934:
8909:Reddaway, Peter
8908:
8903:. 1971a:28.
8897:Reddaway, Peter
8896:
8883:Perlin, Michael
8882:
8860:
8826:
8810:
8786:
8753:Merskey, Harold
8752:
8734:
8710:
8686:
8668:
8650:
8616:
8586:
8564:
8538:
8518:
8492:
8475:Joffe, Olimpiad
8474:
8449:Horvath, Robert
8448:
8414:
8388:
8369:Taras, Anatoly
8368:
8360:
8345:Gosden, Richard
8344:
8332:
8312:
8296:
8280:
8264:
8248:
8232:
8202:
8184:
8150:
8120:
8102:
8090:
8072:
8060:
8048:
8032:
8018:
7994:
7960:
7934:
7904:
7870:
7848:
7826:
7792:
7770:
7390:
7385:
7364:
7342:
7328:
7302:
7276:
7250:
7236:
7204:
7182:
7158:
7136:
7120:The last exodus
7114:
7093:Sabshin, Melvin
7092:
7070:
7050:
7030:
7008:
6986:
6964:
6943:Metzl, Jonathan
6942:
6920:
6898:
6877:Laqueur, Walter
6876:
6854:
6832:
6810:
6788:
6773:
6751:
6738:Kadarkay, Árpád
6737:
6711:
6685:
6663:
6641:
6620:Gosden, Richard
6619:
6597:
6575:
6554:Fernando, Suman
6553:
6527:
6501:
6479:
6457:
6435:
6423:
6395:
6371:
6357:
6345:
6323:
6294:Bonnie, Richard
6293:
6271:
6247:
6228:Birstein, Vadim
6227:
6207:
6203:
6181:
6159:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6075:
6055:
6031:
5954:
5940:
5916:
5894:
5874:
5854:
5794:
5789:
5762:, collected by
5760:Soviet Archives
5753:
5748:
5743:
5735:
5728:
5720:
5716:
5705:
5701:
5693:
5689:
5676:
5669:
5661:
5642:
5634:
5630:
5622:, p. 454;
5618:
5614:
5602:
5598:
5590:
5586:
5578:
5574:
5566:
5562:
5555:, p. 437;
5551:
5547:
5539:
5526:
5518:
5511:
5503:
5499:
5486:
5482:
5474:
5413:
5405:
5398:
5390:
5381:
5373:
5366:
5358:
5354:
5346:
5342:
5334:
5303:
5292:, p. 385;
5288:
5284:
5276:
5272:
5264:
5257:
5249:
5240:
5232:
5221:
5213:
5204:
5196:
5192:
5181:
5177:
5169:
5142:
5130:
5126:
5118:, p. 322;
5114:
5110:
5102:
5098:
5090:
5086:
5078:
5067:
5059:, p. 318;
5055:
5048:
5040:
5036:
5029:, p. 218;
5025:, p. 211;
5021:
5017:
5005:, p. 211;
5001:
4997:
4989:
4985:
4977:
4966:
4958:
4954:
4946:, p. 185;
4938:
4934:
4926:
4922:
4914:
4910:
4902:
4895:
4887:
4883:
4875:
4871:
4863:
4856:
4848:
4844:
4836:
4829:
4821:
4817:
4809:
4805:
4797:
4793:
4785:
4776:
4768:
4761:
4753:
4749:
4737:
4730:
4722:
4715:
4707:
4703:
4695:
4691:
4683:
4679:
4671:
4667:
4659:
4652:
4644:
4640:
4632:
4617:
4609:
4598:
4590:
4586:
4578:
4574:
4566:
4559:
4551:
4547:
4539:
4535:
4527:
4523:
4510:
4503:
4495:
4488:
4480:
4473:
4465:
4461:
4441:, p. 10,
4437:; US GPO (
4433:
4429:
4421:
4414:
4410:, p. 222)
4401:
4397:
4389:
4368:
4360:
4356:
4335:
4331:
4323:
4298:
4290:
4275:
4267:
4260:
4252:
4248:
4240:
4236:
4228:
4224:
4216:
4209:
4201:
4197:
4189:
4172:
4164:
4160:
4152:
4148:
4140:
4136:
4128:
4124:
4116:
4112:
4104:
4100:
4092:
4088:
4071:
4067:
4059:
4055:
4047:
4038:
4030:
4026:
4018:
4014:
4006:
3999:
3991:, p. 32,
3987:Bukovsky (
3986:
3982:
3971:
3967:
3959:
3950:
3942:
3927:
3919:
3904:
3896:
3892:
3884:
3875:
3867:
3848:
3840:
3836:
3828:
3821:
3813:
3809:
3802:, p. 235;
3794:
3790:
3782:, p. 180;
3774:
3770:
3762:
3758:
3750:
3746:
3738:
3734:
3706:
3702:
3694:
3683:
3675:
3671:
3659:
3655:
3647:
3643:
3635:
3631:
3623:
3619:
3611:
3607:
3599:
3595:
3587:
3583:
3577:Matvejević 2004
3575:
3571:
3559:, p. 226;
3555:
3551:
3536:
3532:
3524:
3517:
3511:Podrabinek 1980
3509:
3505:
3498:, p. 226;
3490:, p. 148;
3456:Podrabinek 1980
3406:, p. 422;
3402:, p. 177;
3382:, p. 258;
3370:
3366:
3354:, p. 95,
3346:, p. 395;
3342:, p. 280;
3338:, p. 179;
3330:, p. 260;
3326:, p. 205;
3322:, p. 189;
3314:
3310:
3297:
3293:
3281:
3277:
3269:
3265:
3253:
3249:
3241:
3234:
3226:
3219:
3211:
3207:
3199:
3190:
3182:
3171:
3163:
3159:
3151:
3144:
3120:
3116:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3084:
3080:
3072:
3065:
3053:
3049:
3041:
2996:
2988:
2984:
2976:
2972:
2964:
2960:
2955:UPA Herald 2013
2953:, p. 425;
2949:
2945:
2929:); Voren (
2897:, p. 293;
2893:, p. 406;
2889:, p. 490;
2869:
2865:
2861:
2842:
2778:
2772:
2746:
2679:Felice Lieh Mak
2632:and led by the
2544:
2542:Athens Congress
2519:
2480:psychopathology
2467:Zhores Medvedev
2451:Andrei Sakharov
2419:Harold Visotsky
2387:
2351:In early 1988,
2333:Leonid Plyushch
2313:
2266:
2264:Vienna Congress
2247:Harold Visotsky
2226:spirit of the '
2174:
2137:Belgrave Square
2077:Harald Blomberg
2009:Feliks Serebrov
1974:
1968:
1943:
1917:
1911:
1879:Pyrrhic victory
1787:Marat Vartanyan
1773:by the British
1748:
1685:Vasily Aksyonov
1665:Georgi Vladimov
1599:Ruben Nadzharov
1542:
1540:First responses
1522:Marat Vartanyan
1509:
1435:
1430:
1429:
1362:
1278:Lavrentiy Beria
1216:
982:
981:Mass repression
976:
859:Leonid Brezhnev
735:
706:
702:Other countries
690:
688:
683:
682:
594:
486:
478:
477:
449:
413:
403:
402:
371:
363:
362:
297:
259:
251:
250:
165:
157:
156:
151:
97:
95:Communist Party
87:
86:
45:
12:
11:
5:
15304:
15294:
15293:
15288:
15283:
15278:
15273:
15268:
15263:
15258:
15253:
15248:
15243:
15238:
15233:
15228:
15223:
15218:
15213:
15198:
15197:
15185:
15173:
15161:
15149:
15126:
15125:
15123:
15122:
15117:
15112:
15107:
15102:
15097:
15092:
15087:
15082:
15077:
15072:
15070:Tomas Venclova
15067:
15062:
15057:
15052:
15047:
15042:
15037:
15032:
15027:
15022:
15017:
15012:
15007:
15002:
14997:
14992:
14987:
14982:
14977:
14975:Victor Sokolov
14972:
14967:
14962:
14957:
14952:
14947:
14942:
14937:
14932:
14927:
14922:
14917:
14912:
14907:
14902:
14897:
14892:
14887:
14882:
14877:
14875:Mykola Rudenko
14872:
14870:Maria Rozanova
14867:
14862:
14857:
14852:
14847:
14842:
14837:
14832:
14827:
14822:
14817:
14812:
14807:
14802:
14800:Zianon Pazniak
14797:
14795:Gleb Pavlovsky
14792:
14787:
14782:
14777:
14772:
14767:
14762:
14757:
14752:
14747:
14742:
14737:
14732:
14727:
14725:Andrei Mironov
14722:
14720:Vazif Meylanov
14717:
14712:
14707:
14702:
14697:
14692:
14687:
14682:
14677:
14672:
14667:
14662:
14657:
14652:
14647:
14642:
14640:Nikolay Lossky
14637:
14632:
14630:Pavel Litvinov
14627:
14622:
14620:Eduard Limonov
14617:
14612:
14607:
14605:Yaroslav Lesiv
14602:
14597:
14592:
14587:
14582:
14577:
14572:
14567:
14562:
14557:
14552:
14550:Sergei Kovalev
14547:
14542:
14537:
14532:
14527:
14522:
14517:
14515:Nikolai Klyuev
14512:
14507:
14502:
14497:
14492:
14487:
14485:Iryna Kalynets
14482:
14477:
14472:
14467:
14462:
14460:Grigory Isayev
14457:
14455:Mykhailo Horyn
14452:
14447:
14442:
14437:
14432:
14427:
14422:
14417:
14412:
14407:
14402:
14397:
14395:Semyon Gluzman
14392:
14387:
14382:
14377:
14372:
14367:
14362:
14357:
14355:Yuri Galanskov
14352:
14347:
14342:
14337:
14332:
14327:
14322:
14317:
14312:
14307:
14302:
14297:
14292:
14287:
14282:
14277:
14275:Vadim Delaunay
14272:
14267:
14262:
14257:
14252:
14247:
14242:
14237:
14235:Joseph Brodsky
14232:
14227:
14225:Leonid Borodin
14222:
14217:
14212:
14210:Larisa Bogoraz
14207:
14202:
14197:
14192:
14187:
14182:
14177:
14172:
14167:
14162:
14160:Andrei Amalrik
14157:
14152:
14147:
14141:
14138:
14137:
14135:
14134:
14129:
14124:
14119:
14113:
14108:
14103:
14098:
14093:
14083:
14080:
14079:
14072:
14071:
14064:
14057:
14049:
14040:
14039:
14037:
14036:
14026:
14011:
14008:
14007:
14004:
14003:
14001:
14000:
13995:
13994:
13993:
13983:
13982:
13981:
13971:
13970:
13969:
13958:
13956:
13952:
13951:
13949:
13948:
13947:
13946:
13934:
13932:
13926:
13925:
13923:
13922:
13917:
13912:
13907:
13902:
13897:
13892:
13887:
13886:
13885:
13875:
13870:
13865:
13860:
13854:
13852:
13846:
13845:
13843:
13842:
13837:
13832:
13831:
13830:
13825:
13815:
13810:
13805:
13804:
13803:
13798:
13793:
13783:
13778:
13772:
13766:
13760:
13759:
13757:
13756:
13755:
13754:
13744:
13739:
13734:
13729:
13724:
13719:
13713:
13711:
13705:
13704:
13702:
13701:
13700:
13699:
13694:
13692:Rail transport
13689:
13687:Railway system
13679:
13671:
13666:
13661:
13656:
13651:
13646:
13641:
13636:
13631:
13626:
13620:
13618:
13612:
13611:
13608:
13607:
13605:
13604:
13599:
13594:
13589:
13583:
13581:
13575:
13574:
13572:
13571:
13566:
13561:
13560:
13559:
13549:
13544:
13539:
13534:
13529:
13523:
13521:
13515:
13514:
13512:
13511:
13510:
13509:
13483:
13482:
13481:
13476:
13466:
13461:
13460:
13459:
13449:
13448:
13447:
13437:
13432:
13426:
13424:
13418:
13417:
13415:
13414:
13409:
13407:Deputy Premier
13404:
13399:
13398:
13397:
13390:Heads of state
13386:
13384:
13380:
13379:
13377:
13376:
13375:
13374:
13364:
13358:
13355:Supreme Soviet
13352:
13346:
13345:
13344:
13339:
13338:
13337:
13332:
13322:
13317:
13306:
13304:
13300:
13299:
13297:
13296:
13291:
13290:
13289:
13284:
13279:
13272:State ideology
13269:
13264:
13259:
13254:
13253:
13252:
13242:
13237:
13232:
13231:
13230:
13220:
13219:
13218:
13208:
13203:
13202:
13201:
13191:
13186:
13185:
13184:
13179:
13168:
13166:
13159:
13153:
13152:
13149:
13148:
13146:
13145:
13140:
13138:Ural Mountains
13135:
13130:
13128:North Caucasus
13125:
13120:
13115:
13109:
13107:
13103:
13102:
13100:
13099:
13094:
13089:
13088:
13087:
13077:
13072:
13071:
13070:
13059:
13057:
13048:
13042:
13041:
13039:
13038:
13033:
13028:
13023:
13018:
13013:
13008:
13003:
12998:
12993:
12988:
12983:
12978:
12973:
12972:
12971:
12966:
12955:
12950:
12945:
12940:
12935:
12930:
12925:
12924:
12923:
12918:
12908:
12902:
12900:
12894:
12893:
12885:
12884:
12877:
12870:
12862:
12853:
12852:
12850:
12849:
12844:
12839:
12833:
12830:
12829:
12827:
12826:
12821:
12816:
12811:
12806:
12801:
12796:
12791:
12785:
12783:
12779:
12778:
12776:
12775:
12770:
12765:
12760:
12755:
12750:
12745:
12740:
12735:
12730:
12725:
12720:
12715:
12709:
12707:
12701:
12700:
12698:
12697:
12692:
12687:
12682:
12677:
12672:
12667:
12662:
12657:
12652:
12647:
12645:Timothy Snyder
12642:
12637:
12632:
12627:
12622:
12617:
12612:
12607:
12602:
12597:
12592:
12587:
12582:
12577:
12575:Vojtech Mastny
12572:
12570:Geir Lundestad
12567:
12562:
12560:Walter Laqueur
12557:
12555:Walter LaFeber
12552:
12547:
12542:
12537:
12532:
12527:
12522:
12517:
12512:
12507:
12502:
12497:
12492:
12487:
12485:André Fontaine
12482:
12477:
12472:
12467:
12462:
12457:
12452:
12447:
12442:
12437:
12432:
12427:
12422:
12417:
12415:Gar Alperovitz
12411:
12409:
12405:
12404:
12402:
12401:
12396:
12391:
12385:
12383:
12377:
12376:
12373:
12372:
12370:
12369:
12364:
12358:
12357:
12352:
12345:
12340:
12332:
12330:
12326:
12325:
12323:
12322:
12315:
12310:
12303:
12296:
12291:
12284:
12277:
12270:
12264:
12262:
12255:
12251:
12250:
12248:
12247:
12242:
12237:
12232:
12227:
12222:
12217:
12212:
12207:
12202:
12197:
12191:
12189:
12185:
12184:
12181:
12180:
12178:
12177:
12172:
12167:
12162:
12157:
12155:Third-Worldism
12152:
12147:
12142:
12137:
12132:
12127:
12122:
12117:
12112:
12107:
12102:
12097:
12092:
12087:
12082:
12077:
12072:
12067:
12062:
12056:
12054:
12050:
12049:
12047:
12046:
12041:
12036:
12031:
12026:
12021:
12014:
12009:
12004:
11999:
11994:
11989:
11983:
11981:
11975:
11974:
11972:
11971:
11966:
11961:
11956:
11951:
11946:
11944:Libertarianism
11941:
11936:
11935:
11934:
11924:
11922:Chicago school
11919:
11913:
11911:
11902:
11898:
11897:
11895:
11894:
11889:
11884:
11879:
11874:
11869:
11867:Nixon Doctrine
11864:
11859:
11854:
11849:
11844:
11839:
11834:
11829:
11824:
11819:
11813:
11811:
11810:Foreign policy
11807:
11806:
11804:
11803:
11798:
11793:
11788:
11783:
11778:
11773:
11768:
11762:
11760:
11754:
11753:
11751:
11750:
11745:
11744:
11743:
11733:
11728:
11723:
11718:
11713:
11708:
11703:
11698:
11692:
11690:
11686:
11685:
11683:
11682:
11677:
11672:
11667:
11662:
11657:
11652:
11647:
11642:
11637:
11632:
11627:
11622:
11617:
11612:
11607:
11602:
11597:
11595:Operation RYAN
11592:
11587:
11582:
11572:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11522:
11517:
11512:
11507:
11502:
11500:Able Archer 83
11497:
11492:
11487:
11482:
11477:
11472:
11467:
11462:
11457:
11452:
11447:
11446:
11445:
11435:
11430:
11425:
11416:
11411:
11405:
11403:
11399:
11398:
11396:
11395:
11390:
11385:
11380:
11375:
11370:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11350:
11345:
11340:
11335:
11330:
11325:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11305:
11297:
11292:
11287:
11282:
11277:
11272:
11267:
11262:
11257:
11252:
11250:Oromo conflict
11247:
11242:
11237:
11232:
11227:
11222:
11217:
11212:
11207:
11202:
11197:
11192:
11190:Yom Kippur War
11187:
11182:
11177:
11172:
11167:
11162:
11157:
11152:
11147:
11142:
11137:
11132:
11127:
11122:
11117:
11112:
11107:
11100:
11095:
11090:
11085:
11080:
11075:
11070:
11065:
11060:
11055:
11049:
11047:
11043:
11042:
11040:
11039:
11034:
11029:
11024:
11019:
11014:
11013:
11012:
11002:
10997:
10992:
10987:
10982:
10973:
10968:
10967:
10966:
10956:
10951:
10946:
10941:
10936:
10931:
10926:
10921:
10916:
10911:
10906:
10901:
10896:
10891:
10886:
10881:
10876:
10871:
10866:
10861:
10856:
10851:
10846:
10845:
10844:
10834:
10829:
10824:
10822:Aden Emergency
10819:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10774:
10773:
10772:
10767:
10762:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10740:Papua conflict
10737:
10732:
10727:
10722:
10721:
10720:
10710:
10709:
10708:
10698:
10693:
10688:
10683:
10678:
10672:
10670:
10666:
10665:
10663:
10662:
10657:
10656:
10655:
10645:
10643:Kitchen Debate
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10603:Sputnik crisis
10600:
10595:
10587:
10580:
10575:
10573:Polish October
10570:
10565:
10560:
10553:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10523:
10518:
10513:
10505:
10500:
10495:
10490:
10485:
10480:
10475:
10473:Pact of Madrid
10470:
10465:
10460:
10455:
10450:
10445:
10440:
10435:
10430:
10428:Bamboo Curtain
10424:
10422:
10418:
10417:
10415:
10414:
10409:
10404:
10399:
10398:
10397:
10387:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10367:
10362:
10357:
10352:
10347:
10342:
10337:
10332:
10327:
10322:
10321:
10320:
10315:
10310:
10300:
10295:
10290:
10285:
10280:
10275:
10270:
10265:
10260:
10255:
10250:
10245:
10240:
10235:
10227:
10219:
10211:
10206:
10201:
10196:
10188:
10183:
10182:
10181:
10176:
10168:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10140:
10134:
10132:
10128:
10127:
10125:
10124:
10119:
10114:
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10077:
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10050:
10043:
10035:
10029:
10028:
10022:
10003:
9989:
9983:
9964:
9958:
9941:
9919:Russian text:
9913:
9894:
9888:
9873:
9867:
9848:
9842:
9819:
9813:
9794:
9774:
9768:
9760:Westview Press
9749:
9743:
9726:
9720:
9707:
9680:
9674:
9653:
9650:
9649:
9648:
9632:
9623:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9599:
9583:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9561:
9543:
9527:Reich, Walter
9524:Russian text:
9506:
9492:
9474:
9455:
9453:
9450:
9448:
9447:
9429:
9417:
9383:
9359:
9343:
9323:
9289:
9259:
9243:
9229:
9215:
9183:
9157:
9127:Smythies, John
9123:
9097:
9075:Scarnati, Rick
9071:
9057:Savenko, Yuri
9053:
9039:Savenko, Yuri
9035:
9021:Savenko, Yuri
9017:
8999:Savenko, Yuri
8995:
8981:Savenko, Yuri
8977:
8953:
8935:Richter, Derek
8931:
8913:KGB Psychiatry
8905:
8893:
8879:
8857:
8827:Murray, Thomas
8823:
8807:
8783:
8749:
8731:
8707:
8687:Levine, Sidney
8683:
8665:
8647:
8613:
8583:
8561:
8548:BMC Psychiatry
8535:
8519:Kelly, Brendan
8515:
8489:
8471:
8445:
8411:
8385:
8365:Mad Psychiatry
8357:
8341:
8329:
8309:
8293:
8277:
8261:
8245:
8229:
8203:Gershman, Carl
8199:
8181:
8147:
8117:
8099:
8087:
8069:
8057:
8045:
8029:
8015:
7991:
7957:
7931:
7901:
7871:Appleby, Louis
7867:
7845:
7823:
7789:
7767:
7746:
7731:
7714:
7699:
7686:
7675:
7654:
7631:
7618:
7605:
7584:
7563:
7532:
7501:
7480:
7449:
7434:
7422:
7407:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7383:
7361:
7339:
7325:
7299:
7273:
7247:
7235:Russian text:
7201:
7179:
7155:
7133:
7111:
7089:
7071:Rejali, Darius
7067:
7047:
7027:
7005:
6983:
6961:
6939:
6917:
6895:
6873:
6851:
6829:
6807:
6785:
6770:
6748:
6734:
6708:
6686:Hunt, Kathleen
6682:
6660:
6638:
6616:
6594:
6572:
6550:
6524:
6498:
6476:
6454:
6436:Calloway, Paul
6432:
6420:
6392:
6368:
6354:
6342:
6320:
6290:
6268:
6244:
6224:
6208:Bokobza, Hervé
6204:Besse, Antoine
6200:
6182:Berman, Harold
6178:
6156:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6133:
6116:
6072:
6052:
6028:
6009:
5991:
5972:
5951:
5937:
5913:
5891:
5871:
5867:Americas Watch
5856:Americas Watch
5851:
5832:
5814:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5787:
5774:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5726:
5714:
5699:
5687:
5677:Gluzman (
5667:
5640:
5638:, p. 455.
5628:
5612:
5606:, p. 72;
5596:
5584:
5572:
5560:
5545:
5543:, p. 437.
5524:
5522:, p. 436.
5509:
5507:, p. 435.
5497:
5495:, p. 32)
5480:
5411:
5396:
5379:
5364:
5352:
5350:, p. 385.
5340:
5301:
5296:, p. 69;
5282:
5270:
5268:, p. 125.
5255:
5238:
5219:
5217:, p. 373.
5202:
5190:
5175:
5140:
5124:
5108:
5106:, p. 322.
5096:
5092:Gushansky 2005
5084:
5065:
5046:
5034:
5015:
5009:, p. 17;
4995:
4983:
4981:, p. 211.
4964:
4952:
4942:, p. 16;
4932:
4920:
4908:
4893:
4891:, p. 204.
4881:
4869:
4867:, p. 203.
4854:
4852:, p. 201.
4842:
4827:
4815:
4813:, p. 245.
4803:
4791:
4774:
4772:, p. 179.
4759:
4747:
4741:, p. 26;
4728:
4726:, p. 153.
4713:
4701:
4697:Bernstein 1980
4689:
4677:
4665:
4650:
4638:
4636:, p. 148.
4615:
4596:
4594:, p. 221.
4584:
4582:, p. 199.
4572:
4557:
4545:
4541:Alexander 1997
4533:
4521:
4519:, p. 23)
4501:
4486:
4471:
4459:
4453:, p. 47;
4427:
4412:
4395:
4393:, p. 197.
4366:
4354:
4329:
4327:, p. 196.
4296:
4294:, p. 195.
4273:
4271:, p. 194.
4258:
4256:, p. 335.
4246:
4234:
4232:, p. 273.
4222:
4220:, p. 223.
4207:
4205:, p. 328.
4195:
4193:, p. 150.
4170:
4168:, p. 194.
4158:
4146:
4134:
4122:
4110:
4098:
4086:
4065:
4053:
4036:
4024:
4012:
3997:
3995:, p. 35)
3980:
3975:, p. 11;
3965:
3948:
3925:
3923:, p. 103.
3902:
3890:
3888:, p. 101.
3873:
3871:, p. 497.
3846:
3834:
3819:
3817:, p. 324.
3815:Schroeter 1979
3807:
3798:, p. 73;
3788:
3784:Schroeter 1979
3768:
3756:
3744:
3732:
3700:
3681:
3669:
3663:, p. 29;
3661:Vasilenko 2004
3653:
3651:, p. 495.
3641:
3639:, p. 402.
3629:
3627:, p. 292.
3617:
3605:
3593:
3591:, p. xii.
3581:
3569:
3561:Alexéyeff 1976
3549:
3530:
3515:
3503:
3486:, p. 48;
3474:; Szasz (
3460:Pukhovsky 2001
3424:Kekelidze 2013
3414:, p. 35;
3412:Gushansky 2005
3410:, p. 72;
3392:Dmitrieva 2001
3364:
3350:; Voren (
3334:, p. 26;
3308:
3298:Gluzman (
3291:
3275:
3263:
3247:
3232:
3230:, p. 281.
3217:
3205:
3188:
3186:, p. 496.
3169:
3157:
3155:, p. 160.
3142:
3121:Gluzman (
3114:
3102:
3090:
3078:
3063:
3057:, p. 26;
3047:
2994:
2982:
2970:
2968:, p. 181.
2966:Kondratev 2010
2958:
2943:
2901:, p. 47;
2881:, p. 52;
2873:, p. 66;
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2838:
2814:Serbsky Center
2791:Semyon Gluzman
2774:Main article:
2771:
2768:
2745:
2742:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2543:
2540:
2518:
2515:
2435:Peter Reddaway
2386:
2383:
2312:
2309:
2265:
2262:
2173:
2170:
2115:Peter Reddaway
2003:on 22 May 1987
1970:Main article:
1967:
1964:
1942:
1939:
1934:Michael Perlin
1913:Main article:
1910:
1907:
1839:Czechoslovakia
1819:Czechoslovakia
1791:Eduard Babayan
1747:
1744:
1704:Peter Reddaway
1681:Naum Korzhavin
1629:Dam, Amsterdam
1610:Semyon Gluzman
1560:Semyon Gluzman
1541:
1538:
1508:
1505:
1452:Semyon Gluzman
1403:
1402:
1394:
1391:on 21 May 1987
1361:
1358:
1354:
1353:
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1152:
1151:
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1127:
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1086:
1073:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1008:
1006:Dekulakization
1003:
998:
990:
989:
985:
984:
975:
972:
954:Semyon Gluzman
871:Vladimir Lenin
823:
822:
821:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
793:Serbsky Center
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
746:
745:
737:
736:
734:
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719:
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708:
707:
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587:
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572:
566:
563:
562:
554:
553:
552:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
519:Kosygin reform
516:
514:Five-Year Plan
511:
509:Consumer goods
506:
498:
497:
487:
484:
483:
480:
479:
474:
473:
472:
471:
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469:
455:
450:
448:
447:
442:
437:
431:
429:
424:
414:
409:
408:
405:
404:
401:
400:
395:
393:People's Court
390:
389:
388:
378:
372:
369:
368:
365:
364:
359:
358:
357:
356:
351:
349:Deputy Premier
346:
338:
337:
329:
328:
327:
326:
321:
316:
308:
307:
299:
298:
296:
295:
290:
285:
280:
278:Official names
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247:
246:
245:
244:
243:
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227:
226:
218:
217:
216:
215:
210:
205:
197:
196:
193:Supreme Soviet
188:
187:
186:
185:
177:
176:
166:
163:
162:
159:
158:
153:
152:
150:
149:
144:
139:
133:
130:
129:
121:
120:
119:
118:
113:
108:
98:
93:
92:
89:
88:
85:
84:
79:
74:
69:
68:
67:
65:Vice President
62:
52:
46:
43:
42:
39:
38:
34:
33:
25:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
15303:
15292:
15289:
15287:
15284:
15282:
15279:
15277:
15274:
15272:
15271:Law of Russia
15269:
15267:
15264:
15262:
15259:
15257:
15254:
15252:
15249:
15247:
15244:
15242:
15239:
15237:
15234:
15232:
15229:
15227:
15224:
15222:
15219:
15217:
15214:
15212:
15209:
15208:
15206:
15196:
15191:
15186:
15184:
15179:
15174:
15172:
15167:
15162:
15160:
15150:
15148:
15143:
15138:
15137:
15134:
15121:
15118:
15116:
15113:
15111:
15108:
15106:
15103:
15101:
15098:
15096:
15093:
15091:
15088:
15086:
15083:
15081:
15078:
15076:
15073:
15071:
15068:
15066:
15063:
15061:
15058:
15056:
15053:
15051:
15048:
15046:
15043:
15041:
15040:Valery Tarsis
15038:
15036:
15033:
15031:
15028:
15026:
15023:
15021:
15018:
15016:
15013:
15011:
15008:
15006:
15003:
15001:
14998:
14996:
14993:
14991:
14988:
14986:
14983:
14981:
14978:
14976:
14973:
14971:
14968:
14966:
14963:
14961:
14960:Danylo Shumuk
14958:
14956:
14953:
14951:
14948:
14946:
14943:
14941:
14938:
14936:
14933:
14931:
14928:
14926:
14923:
14921:
14920:Efraim Sevela
14918:
14916:
14913:
14911:
14908:
14906:
14903:
14901:
14898:
14896:
14893:
14891:
14890:Valery Sablin
14888:
14886:
14883:
14881:
14878:
14876:
14873:
14871:
14868:
14866:
14863:
14861:
14858:
14856:
14853:
14851:
14848:
14846:
14843:
14841:
14840:Dmitri Prigov
14838:
14836:
14833:
14831:
14828:
14826:
14823:
14821:
14818:
14816:
14813:
14811:
14808:
14806:
14803:
14801:
14798:
14796:
14793:
14791:
14788:
14786:
14783:
14781:
14778:
14776:
14775:Yulian Panich
14773:
14771:
14768:
14766:
14763:
14761:
14758:
14756:
14753:
14751:
14748:
14746:
14743:
14741:
14738:
14736:
14733:
14731:
14728:
14726:
14723:
14721:
14718:
14716:
14713:
14711:
14710:Alexander Men
14708:
14706:
14703:
14701:
14698:
14696:
14693:
14691:
14688:
14686:
14683:
14681:
14678:
14676:
14673:
14671:
14668:
14666:
14663:
14661:
14660:Guram Mamulia
14658:
14656:
14653:
14651:
14648:
14646:
14643:
14641:
14638:
14636:
14633:
14631:
14628:
14626:
14623:
14621:
14618:
14616:
14613:
14611:
14610:Eugene Levich
14608:
14606:
14603:
14601:
14598:
14596:
14593:
14591:
14588:
14586:
14583:
14581:
14578:
14576:
14573:
14571:
14568:
14566:
14563:
14561:
14560:Victor Krasin
14558:
14556:
14553:
14551:
14548:
14546:
14545:Lina Kostenko
14543:
14541:
14540:Merab Kostava
14538:
14536:
14533:
14531:
14528:
14526:
14525:Boris Korczak
14523:
14521:
14518:
14516:
14513:
14511:
14508:
14506:
14503:
14501:
14498:
14496:
14493:
14491:
14488:
14486:
14483:
14481:
14480:Ihor Kalynets
14478:
14476:
14473:
14471:
14470:Romas Kalanta
14468:
14466:
14463:
14461:
14458:
14456:
14453:
14451:
14448:
14446:
14445:Mykola Horbal
14443:
14441:
14440:Oleksa Hirnyk
14438:
14436:
14433:
14431:
14428:
14426:
14425:Tengiz Gudava
14423:
14421:
14420:Igor Guberman
14418:
14416:
14413:
14411:
14408:
14406:
14403:
14401:
14398:
14396:
14393:
14391:
14388:
14386:
14383:
14381:
14378:
14376:
14373:
14371:
14368:
14366:
14363:
14361:
14358:
14356:
14353:
14351:
14348:
14346:
14343:
14341:
14338:
14336:
14333:
14331:
14330:Benjamin Fain
14328:
14326:
14323:
14321:
14320:Eliyahu Essas
14318:
14316:
14313:
14311:
14308:
14306:
14303:
14301:
14298:
14296:
14293:
14291:
14288:
14286:
14283:
14281:
14278:
14276:
14273:
14271:
14268:
14266:
14263:
14261:
14258:
14256:
14253:
14251:
14248:
14246:
14243:
14241:
14238:
14236:
14233:
14231:
14228:
14226:
14223:
14221:
14220:Yelena Bonner
14218:
14216:
14213:
14211:
14208:
14206:
14205:Yuri Bezmenov
14203:
14201:
14198:
14196:
14193:
14191:
14188:
14186:
14183:
14181:
14178:
14176:
14173:
14171:
14168:
14166:
14163:
14161:
14158:
14156:
14153:
14151:
14148:
14146:
14143:
14142:
14139:
14133:
14130:
14128:
14125:
14123:
14120:
14117:
14114:
14112:
14109:
14107:
14104:
14102:
14099:
14097:
14094:
14092:
14088:
14085:
14084:
14081:
14077:
14070:
14065:
14063:
14058:
14056:
14051:
14050:
14047:
14035:
14027:
14025:
14024:
14013:
14012:
14009:
13999:
13996:
13992:
13989:
13988:
13987:
13984:
13980:
13977:
13976:
13975:
13972:
13968:
13965:
13964:
13963:
13960:
13959:
13957:
13953:
13945:
13942:
13941:
13939:
13936:
13935:
13933:
13931:
13927:
13921:
13918:
13916:
13913:
13911:
13908:
13906:
13903:
13901:
13898:
13896:
13895:Printed media
13893:
13891:
13888:
13884:
13881:
13880:
13879:
13876:
13874:
13871:
13869:
13866:
13864:
13861:
13859:
13856:
13855:
13853:
13851:
13847:
13841:
13838:
13836:
13833:
13829:
13828:Cyrillisation
13826:
13824:
13821:
13820:
13819:
13816:
13814:
13811:
13809:
13806:
13802:
13799:
13797:
13796:Working class
13794:
13792:
13791:Soviet people
13789:
13788:
13787:
13784:
13782:
13779:
13777:
13774:
13773:
13770:
13767:
13765:
13761:
13753:
13750:
13749:
13748:
13745:
13743:
13740:
13738:
13735:
13733:
13730:
13728:
13725:
13723:
13720:
13718:
13715:
13714:
13712:
13710:
13706:
13698:
13695:
13693:
13690:
13688:
13685:
13684:
13683:
13680:
13678:
13672:
13670:
13667:
13665:
13662:
13660:
13657:
13655:
13652:
13650:
13647:
13645:
13642:
13640:
13639:Energy policy
13637:
13635:
13632:
13630:
13627:
13625:
13622:
13621:
13619:
13617:
13613:
13603:
13600:
13598:
13595:
13593:
13590:
13588:
13585:
13584:
13582:
13580:
13576:
13570:
13567:
13565:
13562:
13558:
13555:
13554:
13553:
13550:
13548:
13545:
13543:
13540:
13538:
13535:
13533:
13530:
13528:
13525:
13524:
13522:
13520:
13516:
13508:
13504:
13500:
13496:
13492:
13489:
13488:
13487:
13484:
13480:
13477:
13475:
13472:
13471:
13470:
13467:
13465:
13462:
13458:
13455:
13454:
13453:
13450:
13446:
13443:
13442:
13441:
13438:
13436:
13433:
13431:
13428:
13427:
13425:
13423:
13419:
13413:
13410:
13408:
13405:
13403:
13400:
13396:
13393:
13392:
13391:
13388:
13387:
13385:
13381:
13373:
13370:
13369:
13368:
13367:Supreme Court
13365:
13362:
13359:
13356:
13353:
13350:
13347:
13343:
13340:
13336:
13333:
13331:
13328:
13327:
13326:
13323:
13321:
13318:
13316:
13313:
13312:
13311:
13308:
13307:
13305:
13301:
13295:
13292:
13288:
13285:
13283:
13280:
13278:
13275:
13274:
13273:
13270:
13268:
13265:
13263:
13260:
13258:
13255:
13251:
13248:
13247:
13246:
13243:
13241:
13238:
13236:
13233:
13229:
13226:
13225:
13224:
13221:
13217:
13214:
13213:
13212:
13209:
13207:
13204:
13200:
13197:
13196:
13195:
13192:
13190:
13187:
13183:
13180:
13178:
13175:
13174:
13173:
13170:
13169:
13167:
13163:
13160:
13158:
13154:
13144:
13141:
13139:
13136:
13134:
13131:
13129:
13126:
13124:
13121:
13119:
13116:
13114:
13111:
13110:
13108:
13104:
13098:
13095:
13093:
13090:
13086:
13083:
13082:
13081:
13078:
13076:
13073:
13069:
13066:
13065:
13064:
13061:
13060:
13058:
13056:
13052:
13049:
13047:
13043:
13037:
13034:
13032:
13029:
13027:
13024:
13022:
13019:
13017:
13014:
13012:
13009:
13007:
13004:
13002:
12999:
12997:
12994:
12992:
12989:
12987:
12984:
12982:
12979:
12977:
12974:
12970:
12969:The Holocaust
12967:
12965:
12962:
12961:
12959:
12956:
12954:
12951:
12949:
12946:
12944:
12941:
12939:
12936:
12934:
12931:
12929:
12926:
12922:
12919:
12917:
12914:
12913:
12912:
12909:
12907:
12904:
12903:
12901:
12899:
12895:
12890:
12883:
12878:
12876:
12871:
12869:
12864:
12863:
12860:
12848:
12845:
12843:
12840:
12838:
12835:
12834:
12831:
12825:
12822:
12820:
12817:
12815:
12812:
12810:
12809:War on terror
12807:
12805:
12802:
12800:
12797:
12795:
12792:
12790:
12787:
12786:
12784:
12780:
12774:
12771:
12769:
12766:
12764:
12761:
12759:
12756:
12754:
12751:
12749:
12746:
12744:
12741:
12739:
12736:
12734:
12731:
12729:
12726:
12724:
12721:
12719:
12716:
12714:
12711:
12710:
12708:
12704:Espionage and
12702:
12696:
12693:
12691:
12688:
12686:
12683:
12681:
12678:
12676:
12673:
12671:
12668:
12666:
12663:
12661:
12658:
12656:
12655:Andrew Thorpe
12653:
12651:
12648:
12646:
12643:
12641:
12638:
12636:
12633:
12631:
12628:
12626:
12623:
12621:
12618:
12616:
12613:
12611:
12608:
12606:
12603:
12601:
12598:
12596:
12593:
12591:
12588:
12586:
12583:
12581:
12578:
12576:
12573:
12571:
12568:
12566:
12563:
12561:
12558:
12556:
12553:
12551:
12550:Gabriel Kolko
12548:
12546:
12543:
12541:
12538:
12536:
12533:
12531:
12528:
12526:
12523:
12521:
12518:
12516:
12515:Fred Halliday
12513:
12511:
12508:
12506:
12503:
12501:
12500:Lloyd Gardner
12498:
12496:
12493:
12491:
12488:
12486:
12483:
12481:
12478:
12476:
12473:
12471:
12468:
12466:
12463:
12461:
12460:Norman Davies
12458:
12456:
12453:
12451:
12448:
12446:
12445:John Costello
12443:
12441:
12438:
12436:
12433:
12431:
12428:
12426:
12423:
12421:
12418:
12416:
12413:
12412:
12410:
12406:
12400:
12397:
12395:
12392:
12390:
12387:
12386:
12384:
12380:Technological
12378:
12368:
12365:
12363:
12360:
12359:
12356:
12353:
12351:
12350:
12346:
12344:
12341:
12339:
12338:
12334:
12333:
12331:
12327:
12321:
12320:
12316:
12314:
12311:
12309:
12308:
12304:
12302:
12301:
12297:
12295:
12292:
12290:
12289:
12285:
12283:
12282:
12278:
12276:
12275:
12271:
12269:
12266:
12265:
12263:
12261:Pro-communist
12259:
12256:
12252:
12246:
12243:
12241:
12238:
12236:
12233:
12231:
12228:
12226:
12223:
12221:
12218:
12216:
12213:
12211:
12208:
12206:
12203:
12201:
12198:
12196:
12193:
12192:
12190:
12188:Organizations
12186:
12176:
12173:
12171:
12168:
12166:
12163:
12161:
12158:
12156:
12153:
12151:
12148:
12146:
12143:
12141:
12138:
12136:
12133:
12131:
12128:
12126:
12123:
12121:
12118:
12116:
12113:
12111:
12108:
12106:
12103:
12101:
12098:
12096:
12093:
12091:
12088:
12086:
12083:
12081:
12078:
12076:
12073:
12071:
12068:
12066:
12063:
12061:
12058:
12057:
12055:
12051:
12045:
12042:
12040:
12037:
12035:
12032:
12030:
12027:
12025:
12022:
12020:
12019:
12015:
12013:
12010:
12008:
12005:
12003:
12002:Eurocommunism
12000:
11998:
11995:
11993:
11990:
11988:
11985:
11984:
11982:
11980:
11976:
11970:
11967:
11965:
11962:
11960:
11957:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11945:
11942:
11940:
11937:
11933:
11930:
11929:
11928:
11925:
11923:
11920:
11918:
11915:
11914:
11912:
11910:
11906:
11903:
11899:
11893:
11890:
11888:
11885:
11883:
11880:
11878:
11875:
11873:
11870:
11868:
11865:
11863:
11860:
11858:
11855:
11853:
11850:
11848:
11845:
11843:
11840:
11838:
11835:
11833:
11832:Domino theory
11830:
11828:
11825:
11823:
11820:
11818:
11815:
11814:
11812:
11808:
11802:
11799:
11797:
11794:
11792:
11789:
11787:
11786:South Ossetia
11784:
11782:
11779:
11777:
11774:
11772:
11769:
11767:
11764:
11763:
11761:
11759:
11755:
11749:
11746:
11742:
11739:
11738:
11737:
11734:
11732:
11729:
11727:
11724:
11722:
11719:
11717:
11714:
11712:
11709:
11707:
11704:
11702:
11699:
11697:
11694:
11693:
11691:
11687:
11681:
11678:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11663:
11661:
11658:
11656:
11653:
11651:
11648:
11646:
11643:
11641:
11638:
11636:
11633:
11631:
11628:
11626:
11623:
11621:
11618:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11603:
11601:
11598:
11596:
11593:
11591:
11588:
11586:
11583:
11580:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11570:8888 Uprising
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11523:
11521:
11518:
11516:
11515:Iran–Iraq War
11513:
11511:
11508:
11506:
11503:
11501:
11498:
11496:
11493:
11491:
11488:
11486:
11483:
11481:
11480:Falklands War
11478:
11476:
11473:
11471:
11468:
11466:
11463:
11461:
11458:
11456:
11453:
11451:
11448:
11444:
11441:
11440:
11439:
11436:
11434:
11431:
11429:
11426:
11424:
11420:
11417:
11415:
11412:
11410:
11407:
11406:
11404:
11400:
11394:
11391:
11389:
11386:
11384:
11381:
11379:
11376:
11374:
11371:
11369:
11366:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11343:NDF Rebellion
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11323:German Autumn
11321:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11304:
11303:
11298:
11296:
11293:
11291:
11288:
11286:
11283:
11281:
11278:
11276:
11273:
11271:
11268:
11266:
11263:
11261:
11258:
11256:
11253:
11251:
11248:
11246:
11243:
11241:
11238:
11236:
11233:
11231:
11228:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11210:Metapolitefsi
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11173:
11171:
11168:
11166:
11163:
11161:
11158:
11156:
11153:
11151:
11148:
11146:
11143:
11141:
11138:
11136:
11133:
11131:
11128:
11126:
11123:
11121:
11118:
11116:
11113:
11111:
11108:
11106:
11105:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
11086:
11084:
11081:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11054:
11051:
11050:
11048:
11044:
11038:
11035:
11033:
11030:
11028:
11025:
11023:
11020:
11018:
11015:
11011:
11008:
11007:
11006:
11003:
11001:
10998:
10996:
10993:
10991:
10988:
10986:
10983:
10981:
10979:
10974:
10972:
10971:Prague Spring
10969:
10965:
10962:
10961:
10960:
10957:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10949:Al-Wadiah War
10947:
10945:
10942:
10940:
10937:
10935:
10932:
10930:
10927:
10925:
10922:
10920:
10917:
10915:
10914:12-3 incident
10912:
10910:
10907:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10897:
10895:
10892:
10890:
10887:
10885:
10882:
10880:
10877:
10875:
10872:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10862:
10860:
10857:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10847:
10843:
10840:
10839:
10838:
10835:
10833:
10830:
10828:
10825:
10823:
10820:
10818:
10815:
10813:
10810:
10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10780:
10778:
10775:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10761:
10758:
10757:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10719:
10716:
10715:
10714:
10711:
10707:
10704:
10703:
10702:
10699:
10697:
10694:
10692:
10689:
10687:
10684:
10682:
10679:
10677:
10674:
10673:
10671:
10667:
10661:
10658:
10654:
10651:
10650:
10649:
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10596:
10594:
10593:
10588:
10585:
10581:
10579:
10576:
10574:
10571:
10569:
10566:
10564:
10561:
10558:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10511:
10506:
10504:
10501:
10499:
10496:
10494:
10493:Domino theory
10491:
10489:
10488:Petrov Affair
10486:
10484:
10481:
10479:
10476:
10474:
10471:
10469:
10466:
10464:
10461:
10459:
10456:
10454:
10451:
10449:
10446:
10444:
10441:
10439:
10436:
10434:
10431:
10429:
10426:
10425:
10423:
10419:
10413:
10410:
10408:
10405:
10403:
10400:
10396:
10393:
10392:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10365:Madiun Affair
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10328:
10326:
10325:Marshall Plan
10323:
10319:
10316:
10314:
10311:
10309:
10306:
10305:
10304:
10301:
10299:
10296:
10294:
10291:
10289:
10286:
10284:
10281:
10279:
10276:
10274:
10271:
10269:
10266:
10264:
10261:
10259:
10256:
10254:
10251:
10249:
10246:
10244:
10241:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10233:
10228:
10226:
10225:
10220:
10218:
10217:
10212:
10210:
10207:
10205:
10202:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10194:
10189:
10187:
10184:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10174:
10169:
10167:
10166:
10161:
10160:
10159:
10156:
10154:
10151:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10139:
10136:
10135:
10133:
10129:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10095:
10093:
10090:
10088:
10085:
10083:
10082:
10078:
10076:
10075:
10074:United States
10071:
10070:
10067:
10063:
10056:
10051:
10049:
10044:
10042:
10037:
10036:
10033:
10025:
10019:
10015:
10011:
10010:
10004:
10000:
9996:
9995:
9990:
9986:
9980:
9976:
9972:
9971:
9965:
9961:
9955:
9951:
9942:
9938:
9930:
9926:
9916:
9910:
9906:
9902:
9901:
9895:
9891:
9885:
9881:
9880:
9874:
9870:
9864:
9860:
9856:
9849:
9845:
9839:
9835:
9831:
9827:
9826:
9820:
9816:
9810:
9806:
9802:
9801:
9795:
9791:
9787:
9783:
9775:
9771:
9765:
9761:
9757:
9756:
9750:
9746:
9740:
9736:
9732:
9727:
9723:
9717:
9713:
9708:
9705:
9701:
9698:
9692:
9688:
9681:
9677:
9671:
9667:
9663:
9662:
9656:
9655:
9645:
9641:
9633:
9629:
9624:
9620:
9616:
9608:
9607:
9596:
9592:
9584:
9580:
9576:
9571:
9570:
9558:
9557:
9552:
9547:Trehub, Hanna
9544:
9540:
9536:
9532:
9521:
9520:
9515:
9510:Reich, Walter
9507:
9503:
9502:
9493:
9489:
9488:
9483:
9475:
9471:
9470:
9465:
9457:
9456:
9444:
9443:
9438:
9433:Zile, Zigurds
9430:
9426:
9418:
9414:
9410:
9406:
9402:
9398:
9397:
9392:
9384:
9380:
9376:
9372:
9368:
9360:
9356:
9352:
9344:
9340:
9336:
9332:
9324:
9320:
9316:
9312:
9308:
9304:
9303:
9298:
9290:
9286:
9282:
9278:
9274:
9273:
9268:
9260:
9256:
9252:
9244:
9240:
9239:
9230:
9226:
9225:
9219:Szasz, Thomas
9216:
9212:
9208:
9204:
9200:
9196:
9192:
9187:Szasz, Thomas
9184:
9180:
9176:
9172:
9171:
9166:
9161:Szasz, Thomas
9158:
9154:
9150:
9146:
9142:
9138:
9137:
9132:
9124:
9120:
9116:
9112:
9111:
9106:
9098:
9094:
9090:
9086:
9085:
9080:
9072:
9068:
9067:
9062:
9054:
9050:
9049:
9044:
9036:
9032:
9031:
9026:
9018:
9014:
9013:
9008:
9006:
8996:
8992:
8991:
8986:
8978:
8974:
8970:
8966:
8962:
8954:
8950:
8946:
8942:
8941:
8932:
8928:
8924:
8920:
8919:
8914:
8906:
8902:
8901:Mental Health
8894:
8890:
8889:
8880:
8876:
8872:
8868:
8867:
8858:
8854:
8850:
8846:
8842:
8838:
8837:
8832:
8824:
8820:
8816:
8808:
8804:
8800:
8796:
8792:
8784:
8780:
8776:
8772:
8768:
8764:
8763:
8758:
8750:
8746:
8745:
8740:
8732:
8728:
8724:
8720:
8716:
8708:
8704:
8700:
8696:
8692:
8684:
8680:
8679:
8674:
8666:
8662:
8661:
8656:
8648:
8644:
8640:
8636:
8632:
8628:
8627:
8622:
8614:
8610:
8606:
8602:
8598:
8594:
8593:
8584:
8580:
8576:
8572:
8571:
8562:
8558:
8554:
8550:
8549:
8544:
8536:
8532:
8528:
8524:
8516:
8512:
8508:
8504:
8503:
8498:
8490:
8486:
8485:
8480:
8472:
8468:
8464:
8460:
8459:
8454:
8446:
8442:
8438:
8434:
8430:
8426:
8425:
8420:
8412:
8408:
8404:
8400:
8399:
8394:
8386:
8382:
8378:
8374:
8366:
8358:
8354:
8350:
8342:
8338:
8330:
8326:
8322:
8318:
8310:
8306:
8302:
8294:
8290:
8286:
8278:
8274:
8270:
8262:
8258:
8254:
8246:
8242:
8238:
8230:
8226:
8222:
8218:
8214:
8210:
8209:
8200:
8196:
8195:
8190:
8182:
8178:
8174:
8170:
8166:
8162:
8161:
8156:
8148:
8144:
8140:
8136:
8132:
8128:
8127:
8121:Chodoff, Paul
8118:
8114:
8113:
8108:
8100:
8096:
8088:
8084:
8083:
8078:
8070:
8066:
8058:
8054:
8046:
8042:
8038:
8030:
8026:
8025:
8016:
8012:
8008:
8004:
8000:
7995:Bloch, Sidney
7992:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7976:
7972:
7971:
7966:
7961:Bloch, Sidney
7958:
7954:
7950:
7946:
7945:
7940:
7932:
7928:
7924:
7920:
7916:
7912:
7911:
7902:
7898:
7894:
7890:
7886:
7882:
7881:
7876:
7868:
7864:
7860:
7856:
7855:
7846:
7842:
7838:
7837:
7832:
7824:
7820:
7816:
7812:
7808:
7804:
7803:
7798:
7790:
7786:
7782:
7778:
7777:
7768:
7764:
7760:
7756:
7752:
7747:
7743:
7742:
7741:New Scientist
7737:
7732:
7728:
7724:
7720:
7715:
7711:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7696:
7692:
7687:
7683:
7682:
7676:
7672:
7668:
7664:
7660:
7655:
7651:
7647:
7643:
7642:
7641:New Scientist
7637:
7632:
7628:
7624:
7619:
7615:
7611:
7606:
7602:
7598:
7594:
7590:
7585:
7581:
7577:
7573:
7569:
7564:
7560:
7556:
7552:
7548:
7544:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7529:
7525:
7521:
7517:
7513:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7498:
7494:
7490:
7486:
7481:
7477:
7473:
7469:
7465:
7461:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7446:
7445:
7444:New Scientist
7440:
7435:
7431:
7427:
7423:
7419:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7404:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7392:
7380:
7379:0-306-45532-3
7376:
7372:
7371:
7362:
7358:
7357:0-09-174677-9
7354:
7350:
7349:
7340:
7336:
7335:
7326:
7322:
7321:90-72657-01-2
7318:
7314:
7310:
7309:
7300:
7296:
7292:
7288:
7284:
7283:
7274:
7270:
7269:90-420-3048-8
7266:
7262:
7258:
7257:
7248:
7244:
7240:
7232:
7228:
7224:
7223:10.2861/28281
7220:
7216:
7212:
7211:
7202:
7198:
7197:0-7658-0716-5
7194:
7190:
7189:
7180:
7176:
7175:0-87975-239-4
7172:
7168:
7164:
7159:Szasz, Thomas
7156:
7152:
7151:1-85043-284-8
7148:
7144:
7143:
7134:
7130:
7129:0-295-95685-2
7126:
7122:
7121:
7112:
7108:
7107:1-58562-307-5
7104:
7100:
7099:
7090:
7086:
7085:0-691-14333-1
7082:
7078:
7077:
7068:
7064:
7063:5-8291-0154-8
7060:
7056:
7048:
7044:
7040:
7036:
7028:
7024:
7023:0-89720-022-5
7020:
7016:
7015:
7006:
7002:
6998:
6994:
6993:
6984:
6980:
6979:1-56432-278-5
6976:
6972:
6971:
6962:
6958:
6957:0-8070-8592-8
6954:
6950:
6949:
6940:
6936:
6935:963-9241-85-7
6932:
6928:
6927:
6918:
6914:
6913:1-4500-9197-0
6910:
6906:
6905:
6899:Lisle, Angela
6896:
6892:
6888:
6884:
6883:
6874:
6870:
6869:0-202-24166-1
6866:
6862:
6861:
6852:
6848:
6847:0-684-82280-6
6844:
6840:
6839:
6830:
6826:
6825:966-7841-36-7
6822:
6818:
6817:
6808:
6804:
6800:
6796:
6795:
6786:
6781:
6780:
6771:
6767:
6766:0-335-21467-3
6763:
6759:
6758:
6752:Knapp, Martin
6749:
6745:
6744:
6735:
6731:
6730:0-7618-3125-8
6727:
6723:
6719:
6718:
6709:
6705:
6704:1-56432-191-6
6701:
6697:
6693:
6692:
6683:
6679:
6678:90-481-8720-6
6675:
6671:
6670:
6661:
6657:
6656:1-56072-389-0
6653:
6649:
6648:
6639:
6635:
6634:0-908011-52-0
6631:
6627:
6626:
6617:
6613:
6609:
6605:
6604:
6598:Ghodse, Hamid
6595:
6591:
6590:1-56000-206-9
6587:
6583:
6582:
6573:
6569:
6565:
6561:
6560:
6551:
6547:
6543:
6539:
6535:
6534:
6525:
6521:
6517:
6513:
6509:
6508:
6499:
6495:
6494:90-247-2538-0
6491:
6487:
6486:
6477:
6473:
6469:
6465:
6464:
6455:
6451:
6450:0-471-59574-8
6447:
6443:
6442:
6433:
6429:
6421:
6417:
6413:
6409:
6405:
6401:
6393:
6389:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6369:
6365:
6364:
6355:
6351:
6343:
6339:
6338:0-8020-9140-7
6335:
6331:
6330:
6321:
6317:
6313:
6309:
6305:
6304:
6299:
6291:
6287:
6286:0-8133-0209-9
6283:
6279:
6278:
6269:
6265:
6264:0-575-02318-X
6261:
6257:
6253:
6245:
6241:
6240:0-8133-4280-5
6237:
6233:
6225:
6221:
6220:9782749206738
6217:
6213:
6201:
6197:
6196:0-674-82636-1
6193:
6189:
6188:
6179:
6175:
6174:0-521-27661-6
6171:
6167:
6166:
6157:
6153:
6152:
6143:
6142:
6130:
6126:
6122:
6117:
6113:
6109:
6105:
6101:
6097:
6093:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6078:
6073:
6069:
6065:
6064:
6058:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6044:
6038:
6034:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6017:
6016:
6010:
6006:
6002:
5998:
5997:
5992:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5979:
5973:
5969:
5965:
5964:
5957:
5952:
5948:
5947:
5938:
5934:
5933:1-85649-104-8
5930:
5926:
5925:
5919:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5883:
5877:
5872:
5868:
5864:
5863:
5857:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5839:
5833:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5820:
5815:
5811:
5807:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5796:
5784:
5780:
5775:
5771:
5765:
5761:
5756:
5755:
5738:
5733:
5731:
5723:
5718:
5712:
5708:
5707:Savenko 2007b
5703:
5696:
5691:
5684:
5680:
5674:
5672:
5664:
5663:Savenko 2007a
5659:
5657:
5655:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5637:
5632:
5625:
5621:
5616:
5609:
5605:
5600:
5594:, p. 72.
5593:
5588:
5581:
5576:
5569:
5564:
5558:
5554:
5549:
5542:
5537:
5535:
5533:
5531:
5529:
5521:
5516:
5514:
5506:
5501:
5494:
5490:
5484:
5477:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5446:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5438:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5408:
5403:
5401:
5394:, p. 71.
5393:
5388:
5386:
5384:
5376:
5371:
5369:
5361:
5356:
5349:
5344:
5337:
5332:
5330:
5328:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5310:
5308:
5306:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5286:
5279:
5274:
5267:
5262:
5260:
5253:, p. 70.
5252:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5236:, p. 69.
5235:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5216:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5199:
5194:
5188:
5184:
5179:
5172:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5147:
5145:
5137:
5133:
5128:
5121:
5117:
5112:
5105:
5100:
5094:, p. 35.
5093:
5088:
5081:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5062:
5058:
5053:
5051:
5043:
5042:Johnston 2005
5038:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5019:
5013:, p. 218
5012:
5008:
5004:
4999:
4992:
4987:
4980:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4969:
4962:, p. 62.
4961:
4956:
4950:, p. 381
4949:
4945:
4941:
4936:
4930:, p. 16.
4929:
4924:
4918:, p. 45.
4917:
4912:
4906:, p. 44.
4905:
4900:
4898:
4890:
4885:
4878:
4873:
4866:
4861:
4859:
4851:
4846:
4839:
4834:
4832:
4824:
4819:
4812:
4807:
4800:
4795:
4789:, p. 45.
4788:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4771:
4766:
4764:
4756:
4751:
4745:, p. 150
4744:
4740:
4735:
4733:
4725:
4720:
4718:
4711:, p. 15.
4710:
4705:
4698:
4693:
4686:
4685:Scarnati 1980
4681:
4674:
4669:
4662:
4657:
4655:
4648:, p. 67.
4647:
4642:
4635:
4630:
4628:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4612:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4593:
4588:
4581:
4576:
4569:
4564:
4562:
4554:
4549:
4542:
4537:
4530:
4525:
4518:
4514:
4511:Gosden (
4508:
4506:
4499:, p. 76.
4498:
4493:
4491:
4483:
4478:
4476:
4468:
4463:
4457:, p. 354
4456:
4452:
4449:, p. 1;
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4424:
4419:
4417:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4392:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4363:
4362:Helmchen 1978
4358:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4333:
4326:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4293:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4270:
4265:
4263:
4255:
4250:
4243:
4238:
4231:
4226:
4219:
4218:Calloway 1993
4214:
4212:
4204:
4199:
4192:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4167:
4162:
4155:
4150:
4144:, p. 79.
4143:
4138:
4131:
4126:
4119:
4114:
4107:
4102:
4095:
4090:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4069:
4062:
4057:
4050:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4033:
4028:
4021:
4016:
4009:
4004:
4002:
3994:
3990:
3984:
3978:
3974:
3969:
3963:, p. 61.
3962:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3945:
3940:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3922:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3899:
3894:
3887:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3870:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3844:, p. 73.
3843:
3838:
3832:, p. 95.
3831:
3826:
3824:
3816:
3811:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3792:
3786:, p. 324
3785:
3781:
3777:
3776:Gluzman 2010b
3772:
3766:
3760:
3753:
3748:
3741:
3740:Reddaway 1978
3736:
3730:, p. 470
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3708:Bukovsky 1971
3704:
3698:, p. 72.
3697:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3678:
3673:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3650:
3645:
3638:
3633:
3626:
3621:
3615:, p. 14.
3614:
3609:
3602:
3601:Birstein 2004
3597:
3590:
3585:
3579:, p. 32.
3578:
3573:
3567:, p. 101
3566:
3562:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3544:, p. 5;
3543:
3539:
3534:
3527:
3526:Savenko 2005a
3522:
3520:
3513:, p. 63.
3512:
3507:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3488:Vitaliev 1991
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3444:Kovalyov 2007
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3348:Smythies 1973
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3324:Kadarkay 1982
3321:
3317:
3312:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3289:, p. 491
3288:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3267:
3261:, p. 280
3260:
3256:
3251:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3229:
3224:
3222:
3215:, p. 11.
3214:
3209:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3185:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3166:
3161:
3154:
3153:Fernando 2003
3149:
3147:
3140:
3136:
3133:, p. 8;
3132:
3128:
3124:
3118:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3094:
3087:
3082:
3075:
3070:
3068:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3044:
3043:Kovalyov 2007
3039:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2992:, p. 15.
2991:
2986:
2980:, p. 17.
2979:
2974:
2967:
2962:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2883:Gershman 1984
2880:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2863:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2826:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2783:United States
2777:
2767:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2750:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2650:Pyotr Morozov
2645:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2521:In 1989, the
2514:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2490:broadcast by
2489:
2483:
2481:
2476:
2475:schizophrenia
2470:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2407:Loren H. Roth
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2354:
2349:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2323:In 1987, the
2321:
2318:
2307:
2306:Soviet Union.
2302:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2291:Pierre Pichot
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2150:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2082:
2081:Gery Low-Beer
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1922:
1916:
1906:
1904:
1899:
1897:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1766:Yuri Andropov
1764:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1750:In 1975, the
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1708:Sovietologist
1705:
1701:
1700:Great Britain
1697:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1649:Great Britain
1646:
1642:
1638:
1637:Luis Corvalán
1630:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1550:Criminal Code
1548:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1477:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1433:
1428:
1427:V. Bukovsky"
1425:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1357:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1314:Joseph Stalin
1310:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1295:
1294:schizophrenia
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
996:War communism
994:
993:
992:
991:
987:
986:
980:
979:
971:
969:
965:
961:
959:
955:
950:
946:
945:Criminal Code
942:
941:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
907:
905:
901:
896:
890:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
857:
852:
850:
847:, systematic
846:
838:
834:
829:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
753:
750:
749:
748:
747:
743:
742:
732:
727:
725:
720:
718:
713:
712:
710:
709:
703:
700:
699:
697:
687:
686:
675:
674:Soviet Empire
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
605:
604:
601:
598:
597:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
567:
565:
564:
561:
560:
556:
555:
550:
549:War communism
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
501:
500:
499:
496:
495:
491:
490:
482:
481:
468:
467:
463:
462:
461:
460:
456:
454:
451:
446:
445:Khrushchevism
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
419:
418:
417:
412:
407:
406:
399:
396:
394:
391:
387:
384:
383:
382:
381:Supreme Court
379:
377:
374:
373:
367:
366:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
341:
340:
339:
336:
335:
331:
330:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
311:
310:
309:
306:
305:
301:
300:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
275:
273:
272:
269:
268:
264:
263:
255:
254:
241:
238:
236:
233:
232:
231:
230:
229:
228:
225:
224:
220:
219:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
200:
199:
198:
195:
194:
190:
189:
184:
181:
180:
179:
178:
175:
174:
170:
169:
161:
160:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
134:
132:
131:
128:
127:
123:
122:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
103:
102:
101:
96:
91:
90:
83:
80:
78:
77:State Council
75:
73:
70:
66:
63:
61:
58:
57:
56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
41:
40:
36:
35:
31:
27:
26:
23:
20:
19:
16:
15159:Soviet Union
15120:Yosyf Zisels
15100:Gleb Yakunin
15050:Lev Timofeev
14915:Victor Serge
14880:Yuly Rybakov
14860:Eliyahu Rips
14770:Raisa Orlova
14690:Roy Medvedev
14655:Vasyl Makukh
14500:Ivan Kandyba
14450:Bohdan Horyn
14185:Anna Barkova
14180:Mykola Bakay
14175:Gunārs Astra
14014:
13786:Demographics
13776:Antisemitism
13629:Central Bank
13547:Forced labor
13495:Spetsnaz GRU
13315:organisation
13223:Human rights
13172:Constitution
13055:Subdivisions
12933:Russian SFSR
12889:Soviet Union
12814:Brinkmanship
12706:intelligence
12595:Marius Oprea
12545:Harvey Klehr
12475:Herbert Feis
12465:Willem Drees
12430:Archie Brown
12347:
12335:
12317:
12307:Trybuna Ludu
12305:
12298:
12294:Radio Moscow
12286:
12279:
12272:
12100:Anti-Zionism
12016:
11939:Keynesianism
11927:Conservatism
11791:Transnistria
11771:China-Taiwan
11428:Gera Demands
11392:
11301:
11102:
10977:
10782:El Porteñazo
10676:Congo Crisis
10591:
10526:Algerian War
10509:
10385:Western Bloc
10380:Eastern Bloc
10375:Iron Curtain
10231:
10223:
10215:
10192:
10172:
10164:
10081:Soviet Union
10079:
10072:
10008:
9993:
9969:
9949:
9937:the original
9928:
9899:
9878:
9858:
9824:
9799:
9785:
9754:
9730:
9711:
9690:
9660:
9628:glasnost, n.
9554:
9517:
9499:
9485:
9467:
9440:
9424:
9394:
9370:
9363:Weich, Scott
9354:
9335:Новое Время
9334:
9300:
9270:
9254:
9236:
9222:
9194:
9168:
9134:
9108:
9082:
9064:
9046:
9028:
9010:
9004:
8988:
8964:
8957:Roth, Martin
8938:
8916:
8900:
8886:
8864:
8834:
8818:
8811:Munro, Robin
8794:
8760:
8742:
8718:
8694:
8678:Psychologies
8676:
8658:
8624:
8590:
8568:
8546:
8522:
8500:
8482:
8456:
8422:
8396:
8383:. p. 35.
8372:
8364:
8352:
8320:
8304:
8288:
8272:
8256:
8240:
8206:
8192:
8158:
8124:
8110:
8094:
8080:
8064:
8052:
8040:
8022:
8002:
7968:
7942:
7908:
7878:
7852:
7834:
7800:
7774:
7754:
7739:
7722:
7707:
7694:
7679:
7662:
7639:
7626:
7613:
7592:
7571:
7540:
7509:
7488:
7457:
7442:
7429:
7415:
7400:
7368:
7346:
7332:
7306:
7280:
7254:
7242:
7208:
7186:
7162:
7140:
7118:
7096:
7074:
7054:
7034:
7012:
6990:
6968:
6965:Munro, Robin
6946:
6924:
6902:
6880:
6858:
6836:
6814:
6792:
6777:
6755:
6741:
6715:
6689:
6667:
6645:
6623:
6601:
6579:
6557:
6531:
6528:Fedor, Julie
6505:
6483:
6461:
6439:
6427:
6399:
6375:
6361:
6349:
6327:
6301:
6275:
6251:
6231:
6211:
6185:
6163:
6149:
6089:
6061:
6041:
6012:
5994:
5975:
5961:
5944:
5922:
5898:
5880:
5860:
5835:
5817:
5799:
5717:
5702:
5690:
5631:
5626:, p. 10
5615:
5610:, p. 11
5599:
5587:
5575:
5563:
5548:
5500:
5487:Munro (
5483:
5407:Appleby 1987
5355:
5343:
5336:Gluzman 2011
5285:
5273:
5193:
5178:
5127:
5122:, p. 24
5111:
5099:
5087:
5044:, p. 9.
5037:
5018:
4998:
4986:
4955:
4935:
4923:
4911:
4884:
4872:
4845:
4818:
4806:
4794:
4750:
4704:
4692:
4680:
4668:
4641:
4611:Kastrup 2002
4587:
4575:
4548:
4536:
4524:
4462:
4435:Merskey 1978
4430:
4423:Merskey 1978
4402:Szasz (
4398:
4357:
4332:
4249:
4237:
4225:
4198:
4161:
4156:, p. 7.
4149:
4137:
4125:
4113:
4101:
4089:
4068:
4056:
4027:
4022:, p. 5.
4015:
3983:
3968:
3898:Richter 1971
3893:
3837:
3830:Sabshin 2008
3810:
3791:
3771:
3759:
3752:Savenko 2010
3747:
3735:
3720:Richter 1971
3703:
3672:
3667:, p. 50
3656:
3644:
3632:
3620:
3608:
3596:
3584:
3572:
3552:
3546:Faraone 1982
3533:
3506:
3452:Magalif 2010
3448:Leontev 2010
3416:Horvath 2014
3396:Faraone 1982
3367:
3332:Laqueur 1980
3311:
3294:
3278:
3266:
3250:
3208:
3160:
3135:Fedenko 2009
3117:
3105:
3093:
3086:Chodoff 1985
3081:
3061:, p. 93
3050:
2985:
2973:
2961:
2946:
2903:Merskey 1978
2866:
2850:
2827:
2822:
2811:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2779:
2751:
2747:
2738:
2732:
2725:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2683:
2677:
2659:Narcologists
2646:
2642:
2626:
2622:James Birley
2618:
2614:Yuri Savenko
2610:
2608:repetition.
2594:
2576:
2564:
2545:
2536:
2531:Yuri Savenko
2520:
2495:
2487:
2484:
2471:
2443:
2439:
2427:Ellen Mercer
2388:
2371:
2365:
2359:
2350:
2342:
2322:
2314:
2304:
2267:
2257:
2244:
2232:
2203:
2175:
2153:
2145:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2085:
2057:
2048:
2033:Elena Bonner
2017:Irina Kuplun
2006:
1999:Congress in
1985:psychiatrist
1960:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1925:
1918:
1903:Yuri Novikov
1900:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1875:
1859:
1760:
1749:
1716:Sidney Bloch
1698:," while in
1689:
1687:and others.
1634:
1613:
1607:
1596:
1592:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1543:
1530:
1519:
1510:
1496:
1490:
1480:
1473:
1459:
1455:
1448:Yuri Savenko
1438:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1396:
1387:Congress in
1355:
1348:named after
1337:named after
1298:
1289:
1286:Walter Reich
1261:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1232:
1231:In the book
1230:
1221:
1109:Christianity
962:
957:
938:
908:
891:
853:
845:Soviet Union
842:
787:
634:Human rights
624:Gulag system
599:
570:Demographics
557:
492:
464:
457:
332:
302:
267:Constitution
265:
221:
191:
171:
124:
15:
15075:Georgi Vins
14910:Iryna Senyk
14780:Lagle Parek
14700:Naum Meiman
14585:Malva Landa
14520:Lev Kopelev
14325:Efim Etkind
14305:Ivan Dziuba
14270:Yuli Daniel
14250:Lev Chernyi
14127:Helsinki-86
13890:Phraseology
13835:Prohibition
13823:Linguistics
13808:Drug policy
13801:1989 census
13722:Cybernetics
13624:Agriculture
13537:Great Purge
13499:Soviet Navy
13491:Soviet Army
13363:(1989–1991)
13357:(1938–1991)
13351:(1922–1936)
13335:Secretariat
13206:Gun control
13113:Caspian Sea
13097:Closed city
13026:Dissolution
13011:Perestroika
12953:Great Purge
12640:Shen Zhihua
12450:Michael Cox
12382:competition
12329:Pro-Western
12319:Soviet Life
12245:Safari Club
12215:Warsaw Pact
12070:Nationalism
12060:Imperialism
11959:Reaganomics
11822:Containment
11615:Perestroika
11104:Realpolitik
10934:Six-Day War
10919:Greek junta
10730:Berlin Wall
10578:Suez Crisis
10546:Vietnam War
10433:McCarthyism
10248:Baruch Plan
10193:Unthinkable
10153:Dekemvriana
10092:Warsaw Pact
9478:Murphy, Kim
9460:Burns, John
9435:.
9389:.
9387:Wynn, Allan
9365:.
9349:.
9329:.
9295:.
9265:.
9249:.
9189:.
9163:.
9129:.
9103:.
9077:.
9059:.
9041:.
9023:.
9001:.
8983:.
8959:.
8911:.
8829:.
8813:.
8789:.
8787:Moran, Mark
8755:.
8737:.
8713:.
8711:Luty, Jason
8689:.
8671:.
8653:.
8619:.
8541:.
8495:.
8477:.
8451:.
8417:.
8391:.
8389:Healey, Dan
8371:(ed.).
8347:.
8315:.
8299:.
8283:.
8267:.
8251:.
8235:.
8187:.
8153:.
8105:.
8075:.
8035:.
7997:.
7963:.
7937:.
7873:.
7829:.
7795:.
6296:.
6210:(ed.).
6084:.
6050:; 1991.
6026:; 1982.
6007:; 1988.
5989:; 1976.
5849:; 1984.
5830:; 1975.
5812:; 1972.
5781:. [
5722:Murphy 2006
5636:Voren 2010b
5620:Voren 2010b
5553:Voren 2010b
5541:Voren 2010b
5520:Voren 2010b
5505:Voren 2010b
5476:Voren 2013b
5348:Voren 2010b
5290:Voren 2010b
5215:Voren 2010b
5198:Bonnie 2002
5183:Bonnie 2002
5116:Voren 2010b
5104:Voren 2010b
5063:, p. 3
5057:Voren 2010b
5023:Voren 2010b
5007:US GPO 1984
5003:Voren 2010b
4979:Voren 2010b
4940:US GPO 1984
4928:US GPO 1984
4916:US GPO 1984
4904:US GPO 1984
4889:Voren 2010b
4865:Voren 2010b
4850:Voren 2010b
4838:Levine 1981
4770:Voren 2010b
4743:Voren 2010b
4634:Voren 2010b
4580:Voren 2010b
4529:Perlin 2006
4497:US GPO 1984
4391:Voren 2010b
4325:Voren 2010b
4292:Voren 2010b
4269:Voren 2010b
4191:Voren 2010b
4032:Trehub 2013
3973:Berman 1972
3565:US GPO 1984
3542:US GPO 1984
3538:Bonnie 2002
3404:Ghodse 2011
3362:, p. 1
3344:Rejali 2009
3283:Voren 2010a
3255:Voren 2013a
3213:Berman 1972
3165:Healey 2011
3131:Voren 2013a
3110:Murray 1983
2875:Bonnie 2002
2834:perestroika
2687:perestroika
2507:Netherlands
2391:perestroika
2331:along with
2068:Dolgoprudny
2027:founded by
1835:East Berlin
1673:Lev Kopelev
1645:Netherlands
1514:Denis Leigh
1406:diagnoses.
1262:psikhushkas
1225:exculpation
1124:Legislation
1051:Great Purge
925:(1983) and
915:Mexico City
619:Great Purge
585:Phraseology
504:Agriculture
459:Perestroika
334:Premiership
164:Legislature
142:Secretariat
15205:Categories
15147:Psychiatry
15030:Les Tanyuk
15010:Vasyl Stus
14765:Yuri Orlov
14730:Ion Moraru
14345:Ilya Gabay
14290:Ivan Drach
13930:Opposition
13920:Television
13900:Propaganda
13873:Literature
13747:Naukograds
13742:Sharashkas
13676:(currency)
13654:Inventions
13597:Censorship
13527:Red Terror
13211:Government
13085:Autonomous
13068:Autonomous
13001:Stagnation
12964:Evacuation
12408:Historians
12399:Space Race
12300:Rudé právo
12254:Propaganda
12110:Neo-Nazism
12080:Chauvinism
12034:Trotskyism
11949:Monetarism
11917:Liberalism
11909:Capitalism
11901:Ideologies
11852:Ostpolitik
11575:Solidarity
11540:Toyota War
11443:Solidarity
11300:Operation
11255:Ogaden War
10944:Dhofar War
10832:Shifta War
10590:Operation
10438:Korean War
10230:Operation
10222:Operation
10214:Operation
10191:Operation
10171:Operation
10163:Operation
9997:. London:
9882:. Norton.
9613:. The
9537: [
9452:Newspapers
8592:The Lancet
8381:5170301723
7213:. The
7043:0312009054
7001:1317484444
6891:1412838320
6803:5829100150
6612:1908020008
6568:1583912533
6546:1136671862
6520:5020226645
6472:5238003447
6408:9185396001
6165:After Marx
5909:0947792562
5568:Weich 1991
5266:Voren 2009
5171:Bloch 1990
5080:Voren 2015
4811:Voren 2009
4799:Moran 2010
4787:Voren 2009
4568:Bloch 1980
4553:Kelly 2015
4482:Burns 1981
4336:WPA (
4242:Besse 2006
4154:Voren 2009
4020:AAASS 1973
3961:Voren 2009
3944:Reich 1983
3637:Knapp 2007
3613:Metzl 2010
3420:Joffe 1984
3400:Fedor 2011
3336:Munro 2002
2899:Lisle 2010
2891:Knapp 2007
2859:References
2830:oprichnina
2603:, and the
2210:Allan Wynn
2029:Yuri Orlov
1618:heterodoxy
1587:Folkestone
1290:Psikhushka
1254:Psikhushka
1249:psikhushka
1244:dissidents
1136:Censorship
1041:Red Terror
1021:Kazakhstan
974:Background
879:Article 70
875:Article 58
818:Psikhushka
813:Sulfozinum
669:Red Terror
659:Propaganda
609:Censorship
600:Repression
314:Ministries
304:Government
258:Governance
44:Leadership
15171:Socialism
15045:Enn Tarto
14625:Jüri Lina
14570:Jüri Kukk
14510:Yuliy Kim
13991:Republics
13979:Republics
13967:Republics
13818:Languages
13682:Transport
13564:Holodomor
13457:Militsiya
13395:President
13287:Stalinism
13189:Elections
13063:Republics
13046:Geography
13036:Nostalgia
12948:Stalinism
12695:Ken Young
12540:Tony Judt
12389:Arms race
12362:Red Scare
12230:NN States
12175:Apartheid
12130:Autocracy
12039:Stalinism
12007:Guevarism
11997:Castroism
11987:Communism
11979:Socialism
11505:Star Wars
11098:Koza riot
10224:Beleaguer
10216:Masterdom
9905:Ann Arbor
9830:Amsterdam
9501:The Times
6538:Routledge
6388:872337790
4991:Roth 1992
4948:HRIR 1982
4877:Wynn 1983
4673:Luty 2014
3589:Hunt 1998
3500:Zile 1985
2727:Izvestiya
2699:Gorbachev
2317:Gorbachev
2001:Amsterdam
1995:, at the
1932:However,
1657:Cambridge
1597:In 1973,
1497:The Times
1482:The Times
1474:In 1971,
1389:Amsterdam
1375:, Soviet
1104:1975–1987
1099:1958–1964
1094:1928–1941
1089:1921–1928
1084:1917–1921
940:The Times
863:Karl Marx
575:Education
544:Transport
440:Stalinism
370:Judiciary
213:Presidium
137:Politburo
55:President
15281:Cold War
14885:Ain Saar
14435:Ivan Hel
14132:Memorial
14034:Category
13587:Religion
13474:Chairmen
13320:Congress
13282:Leninism
13262:Propiska
13157:Politics
13016:Glasnost
12976:Cold War
12916:February
12847:Timeline
12837:Category
12782:See also
12274:Izvestia
12115:Islamism
12012:Hoxhaism
11887:Rollback
11766:Abkhazia
11706:Gulf War
11610:Glasnost
10980:incident
10750:Sand War
10608:Ifni War
10117:Rio Pact
10062:Cold War
9700:Archived
9604:Websites
9539:archived
9339:archived
9319:19892821
9285:11931361
9277:archived
9211:16759353
8927:11662655
8609:11644351
8511:16946875
8325:archived
8225:11615169
7927:22515460
7841:archived
7727:archived
7650:11663782
6316:11931362
6308:archived
6129:archived
6096:archived
5783:archived
5770:archived
5737:NPZ 2004
5695:NPZ 2009
5624:WPA 1991
5608:WPA 1991
5604:BMA 1992
5592:BMA 1992
5580:WPA 1991
5392:BMA 1992
5294:BMA 1992
5251:BMA 1992
5234:BMA 1992
4724:BMA 1992
4008:BMJ 1973
3842:BMA 1992
3796:BMA 1992
3271:NPZ 2005
2871:BMA 1992
2840:See also
2693:and the
2560:Honolulu
2395:glasnost
2311:Releases
2237:and the
2228:cold war
1997:Sakharov
1896:Zionists
1855:Bulgaria
1823:Bulgaria
1756:Honolulu
1740:Honolulu
1464:samizdat
1385:Sakharov
1284:such as
1079:Religion
931:Cold War
921:(1977),
917:(1971),
590:Religion
466:Glasnost
435:Leninism
411:Ideology
324:Cabinets
106:Congress
15183:Society
15133:Portals
13955:Symbols
13868:Fashion
13850:Culture
13764:Society
13709:Science
13674:Rouble
13616:Economy
13592:Science
13402:Premier
13383:Offices
13245:Leaders
13165:General
13133:Siberia
13106:Regions
13080:Oblasts
12921:October
12898:History
12337:Amerika
12220:Comecon
12105:Fascism
12095:Zionism
12044:Titoism
11585:Contras
11053:Détente
10330:Comecon
9413:6402080
9238:Ogoniok
9224:Inquiry
9170:Society
9153:4125732
9093:7225584
8853:6886846
8643:2597834
8208:Society
8177:7149424
8143:4065851
7987:6107077
7897:3120927
7863:1263959
7819:8306112
7476:4741600
6416:7551381
6112:2638045
5746:Sources
2691:Romania
2429:of the
2423:Chicago
2367:Ogoniok
2197:of the
2189:(GDR),
2072:Kharkov
1851:Hungary
1815:Hungary
1809:(GDR),
1734:of the
1383:at the
1326:acronym
1258:Russian
1256:is the
1131:Science
1119:Judaism
1016:Ukraine
843:In the
559:Culture
494:Economy
485:Society
235:Speaker
147:Orgburo
116:History
50:Leaders
13974:Emblem
13962:Anthem
13910:Sports
13863:Cinema
13858:Ballet
13840:Racism
13813:Family
13303:Bodies
12891:topics
12288:Pravda
12090:Racism
12029:Maoism
11781:Kosovo
11302:Condor
10978:Pueblo
10964:May 68
10592:Gladio
10510:Tuapse
10173:Jungle
10165:Priboi
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2223:Vienna
2180:, the
2178:Vienna
2141:London
2104:. The
1871:Greece
1853:, and
1845:, the
1843:Poland
1825:, and
1811:Poland
1789:, and
1714:, and
1692:France
1653:London
1641:Zürich
1612:wrote
1501:Mexico
1141:Images
956:wrote
927:Athens
923:Vienna
919:Hawaii
869:, and
837:Moscow
580:Family
37:
13905:Radio
13883:Opera
13878:Music
13781:Crime
13552:Gulag
13430:Cheka
13075:Krais
12773:Stasi
12240:SAARC
12235:ASEAN
12200:SEATO
12053:Other
12018:Juche
11776:Korea
11689:1990s
11402:1980s
11046:1970s
10669:1960s
10421:1950s
10131:1940s
10112:NEATO
10107:SEATO
10097:ANZUS
9948:[
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6138:Books
6119:
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4346:1978b
4342:1978a
4082:1975e
4078:1975d
4074:1975a
3716:1971b
3712:1971a
3468:2005b
3464:2005a
3356:2013b
3352:2010b
3304:2010a
3300:2009b
3123:2009a
2939:2013a
2935:2010a
2720:year.
2421:from
2283:Egypt
1869:from
1732:Paris
1547:RSFSR
1324:(the
1322:GULAG
1266:Kazan
1114:Islam
1056:Gulag
13986:Flag
13944:List
13752:List
13664:OGAS
13557:List
13440:NKVD
13228:LGBT
13216:List
13182:1977
13177:1936
12313:TASS
12205:METO
12195:NATO
11421:and
11419:1980
10976:USS
10102:METO
10087:NATO
10018:ISBN
9979:ISBN
9954:ISBN
9909:ISBN
9884:ISBN
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9838:ISBN
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9764:ISBN
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9315:PMID
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6334:ISBN
6312:PMID
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6260:ISBN
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6216:ISBN
6192:ISBN
6170:ISBN
6108:PMID
6015:1981
5978:1976
5929:ISBN
5905:ISBN
5838:1983
5683:2013
5679:2012
5493:2002
5489:2000
4517:2001
4513:1997
4443:1984
4439:1982
4408:1984
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4338:1977
3993:2008
3989:1981
3480:2006
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3127:2013
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2062:and
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1706:, a
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293:1977
288:1936
283:1924
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13469:KGB
13464:MGB
13452:MVD
13435:GPU
13235:Law
12768:KGB
12763:MVD
12748:MI6
12743:MI5
12738:CIA
12210:EEC
9401:doi
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9375:doi
9307:doi
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