199:, and Humble (after its acquisition). Jersey Standard preferred to sell as Esso in all states, though due to the formation of Esso being from a phonetic transliteration of the initials of Standard Oil (S.O.), courts prevented Jersey Standard from selling as Esso everywhere. To solve this, Jersey Standard announced it would rebrand all of its stations as Exxon in 1973, and changed its corporate name to that of Exxon Corporation simultaneously. Meanwhile, Socony-Vacuum gradually began to use Mobiloil and Mobilgas as trade names for its retail products, and the company eventually changed its name to Mobil Corporation in 1955.
20:
2676:
2686:
257:, and temporarily renaming itself to ChevronTexaco Corp. between 2001 and 2005. By this point, Chevron had become the second largest oil company in the United States. Today, Chevron is the 37th largest company in the world by revenue according to the Fortune Global 500, and the 24th largest by market capitalization as of September 30, 2022.
253:, creating the third largest oil company in the United States (trailing only Exxon and Mobil) and becoming the largest merger in US history up to that point. Simultaneously, CalSo rebranded as Chevron Corporation, a trade name that had previously been in use by CalSo. Chevron made another acquisition in 2001, this time acquiring
643:, the Chesebrough Manufacturing Company was acquired by Standard Oil in 1881 and separated from Standard as one of the 39 successor entities during the 1911 divesture. With the split, Chesebrough lost its guaranteed supply of raw materials, and production temporarily halted in 1920; a similar issue halted production during the
318:. Purchased by Standard Oil in 1889, the company was originally founded in 1887 by a conglomeration of smaller Ohio oil producers. After the breakup, the company grew by purchasing the Transcontinental Oil Company in 1930. Not long after, the company created the brand name Marathon, renaming itself to Marathon Oil in 1962.
562:
The South Penn Oil
Company was founded in 1889 by Standard Oil, and eventually became the largest oil producer in the region after the breakup. While Pennzoil was used as a trade name by other firms, by 1950, South Penn had acquired all of them and subsequently renamed itself to Pennzoil. The company
414:
Founded in 1889 by
Standard Oil, Indiana Standard traded as Standard Oil of Indiana until 1985, though initially gained control of the Amoco name by purchasing the American Oil Company in 1925. Until this rebranding, Standard Oil of Indiana continued to use both Standard and Amoco as brand names, and
175:
ExxonMobil is mostly composed of the
Standard Oil Company of New Jersey (Jersey Standard) and the Standard Oil Company of New York (Socony). The two companies partnered on a semi-frequent basis during their infancy before pursuing mergers and acquisitions, with Jersey Standard buying Texas-based
287:
caused increased oil demand and skyrocketing earnings, Saudi Aramco recorded $ 161 billion in profit for the year, surpassing most privately-owned oil major's profits combined. Saudi Aramco has also held the title of the world's most valuable company by market cap and largest by revenue on some
601:
Originally a competitor to
Standard Oil, the Union Tank Car Company (UTLX) later was acquired by Rockefeller's conglomerate and returned to its status as an individual company during the breakup of Standard Oil. The company's growth was gradual but it eventually formed a Canadian affiliate,
547:
in Alaska during the 1960s. Such joint ventures eventually lead to BP's gradual acquisition of Sohio, completed in 1978 when BP renamed Sohio to BP America. Today, BP owns the rights to the
Standard Oil name in Ohio, and is the largest gas station in the state with 491 BP-branded stations.
422:
acquired Amoco and rebranded as BP Amoco. At the time, the merger was the largest in the oil industry and the largest acquisition of an
American corporation by a foreign one, and BP Amoco would become, at the time, the third largest oil company in the world, trailing only Exxon and
202:
In the late 1990s, the two companies began merger talks and the deal was closed with
American regulatory approval (albeit with a nearly 2,500 retail station divesture) in November 1999. ExxonMobil today is the largest majority investor-owned oil and gas corporation in the world by
51:, which dominated global petroleum production in the 20th century, and became a majority of today's largest investor-owned oil companies, with most tracing their roots back to Standard Oil. Some descendants of Standard Oil were also given exclusive rights to the Standard Oil name.
574:
Pennzoil split its energy and motor parts divisions in 1998, with the original
Pennzoil company inheriting the energy production facilities and a new company, Pennzoil-Quaker State, inheriting the automobile parts and fluids division. The former was acquired by Oklahoma-based
275:
to create a joint venture between the two. Originally named the
Californian-Arabian Standard Oil Company and later the Arab American Oil Company, Saudi Arabia fully bought out Standard Oil of California's stake in 1980, with the company abbreviating its name to Saudi Aramco.
54:
Today, many of
Standard Oil's 39 successor entities play roles in the oil industry, either on their own or through being acquired by other companies. Standard Oil of New Jersey, the controlling division of Standard Oil at the time of the 1911 breakup, continues to exist as
329:. This lasted until 2001, when U.S. Steel (then known as USX Corporation) divested from Marathon. The company today split in 2012, with upstream operations continuing under the historical Marathon Oil name while downstream and retail operations are handled by
225:
Originally an independent oil company known as the Pacific Coast Oil Company, Standard Oil acquired Pacific Coast in 1900, renaming it the Standard Oil Company of California and granting it the assets of
513:) and Tesoro itself (after briefly renaming itself Andeavor) being purchased by Marathon Petroleum in 2018, where ARCO continues as a brand name under Marathon. Sunoco retained Atlantic's
133:
In the 1911 breakup, the Supreme Court found that Standard Oil conspired to restrain the trade and commerce in petroleum, and monopolized the commerce in petroleum, in violation of the
543:
moved Standard Oil's assets under the control of Standard Oil of New Jersey. After the breakup, the company continued primarily operating in Ohio, and entered a joint-venture with
427:. In 2001, however, BP Amoco reverted its name to BP, now currently in use today. However, BP slowly began to reintroduce Amoco as a brand name in 2017 to select US markets.
2367:
897:
List of 5 additional descendants split from National Transit Company by U.S. v. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, as listed in Section 4 of the court's judgement.
230:, assets that were retained by the CalSo breakup of the larger Standard Oil. From the 1930s onward, CalSo invested primarily in its namesake state as well as in the
2200:
1653:
2320:
1845:
2633:
932:
1571:
2603:
1351:
1301:
1013:
371:
Founded in the state of Utah in 1875 and acquired by Standard Oil in 1884, Conoco lasted 18 years as an independent company before it was purchased by
2211:
1416:
617:, which spun off TransUnion in 2005 to become an independent company. Three years later in 2008, Marmon and UTLX announced it was being acquired by
47:, the company was broken up into 39 different entities, divided primarily by region and activity. Many of these companies later became part of the
2625:
2598:
128:
36:
83:. Other companies themselves not primarily focused on the petroleum industry have owned or previously owned Standard Oil descendants, including
1219:
391:
in the early 2000s. Similar to Marathon's business strategy, ConocoPhillips would later divest its downstream assets into a new company titled
1384:
1685:
1761:
1442:
79:, also traces its origins to Standard Oil as the Arab kingdom founded it in a partnership with Standard Oil of California, today known as
314:, original home of Standard Oil, became the home of multiple Standard Oil descendants, two of the largest being The Ohio Oil Company and
1489:
1175:
1253:"THE CHEVRON - TEXACO MERGER / An oil giant emergers / Shareholders approval of Chevron-Texaco deal creates industry's lates behemoth"
494:
in 1988, who would eventually rebrand all Atlantic stations as Sunoco stations by the mid-1990s. Sunoco itself would be purchased by
1710:
283:
which remains the largest oil field in the world, Saudi Aramco is the largest company in the entire energy industry. In 2022, after
1620:
455:
Founded in 1866 and acquired by Standard Oil in 1874, Atlantic Refining and Marketing was credited with opening the first modern
2374:
383:, which itself retained ownership of Conoco until 1999. Debuting as one of the largest IPOs in history, Conoco merged with the
1943:
1793:
1252:
486:
in Atlantic's old marketing territory, ARCO spun off the former Atlantic assets in 1985 with most of them being purchased by
2593:
375:. Marland, however, immediately took on the name Conoco. For 50 years, Conoco became a global oil behemoth (partly due to
1819:
658:
acquired Chesebrough for $ 3.1 billion USD, or $ 72.50 per share, in an all-cash deal, beating a $ 66/share offer from
606:, in 1952. It was around this time that UTLX formed and eventually spun off what would later become the credit bureau
2489:
1926:
711:
630:
104:
2177:
1547:
2118:
1575:
464:
1919:
Oil Baron of the Southwest - Edward L. Doheny and the Development of Petroleum Industry in California and Mexico
2661:
1736:
2689:
2651:
48:
1893:
2608:
988:
2710:
284:
185:
44:
384:
501:
Remnants of Atlantic still exist, with ARCO being purchased by BP in 2000. ARCO was later sold off to
184:
to form Socony-Vacuum. The two companies collaborated in certain cases, such as a joint ownership of
145:
Standard Oil's largest direct descendants which today are still their own independent companies are
2408:
1443:"Saudi Aramco eclipses Apple to once again become the world's most valuable company | CNN Business"
495:
479:
450:
243:
2459:
2403:
2239:
2069:
1872:
2344:
191:
In retail, Jersey Standard used three brand names to market its products to American motorists:
2499:
878:
592:
116:
92:
2188:
2715:
2679:
2360:
2093:
468:
342:
204:
170:
134:
2212:
R.A. CHESEBROUGH RETIRES.; Quits Presidency of Standard Oil Subsidiary Because of Age Limit.
1276:
1183:
2557:
2434:
534:
315:
227:
64:
2016:
647:. The business divested many of its projects through the 1950s and eventually merged with
8:
2517:
2449:
2418:
2398:
2352:
2153:
827:
800:
540:
506:
372:
220:
150:
80:
1205:
551:
2576:
2504:
2479:
964:
883:
691:
683:
640:
618:
502:
436:
346:
334:
330:
305:
208:
181:
160:
1968:
1711:"The Conoco Phillips Spin-Off Of Phillips 66: 1 Year Later (NYSE:COP) | Seeking Alpha"
153:, a rebranding of the Standard Oil Company of California since its own acquisition of
2439:
2126:
1922:
1769:
1661:
1628:
1497:
1392:
1359:
1227:
1069:
1021:
989:"Socony and Mobil - Oil Companies - Gas Stations - Dating - Landscape Change Program"
940:
514:
510:
430:
231:
1992:
2484:
1467:
701:
2444:
1850:
659:
341:, though ARCO's assets at this point were primarily from independent oil company
1325:
271:
After the 1911 breakup, Standard Oil of California signed an agreement with the
2494:
725:
518:
388:
362:
111:). Among Standard Oil's largest non-petroleum descendants is the credit bureau
1866:
2704:
2454:
2413:
2227:
2130:
1773:
1665:
1632:
1501:
1396:
1363:
1231:
1025:
944:
705:
295:
23:
Chart detailing the history of some of the largest Standard Oil descendants;
1045:
579:
in 1999, while the latter was acquired by Royal Dutch Shell (today known as
490:
and reviving the Atlantic name. However, Deuss would later sell Atlantic to
2509:
2383:
768:
644:
614:
576:
376:
301:
280:
272:
266:
239:
235:
196:
88:
76:
72:
40:
2017:"The History of TransUnion – Comin' on Like a Freight Train (part 2 of 3)"
1352:"Saudi Aramco's $ 161bn profit is largest recorded by an oil and gas firm"
19:
729:
456:
392:
366:
356:
149:, a merger of the Standard Oil Companies of New Jersey and New York, and
1151:
28:
1598:"ConocoPhillips Announces Museum Plans For Ponca City and Bartlesville"
1597:
1302:"Saudi Aramco Replaces Microsoft As The World's Second-Largest Company"
845:
607:
596:
571:, with Pennzoil gaining US $ 3 billion from Texaco after a settlement.
487:
460:
326:
289:
177:
166:
146:
112:
84:
56:
1096:
2041:
1521:
791:
648:
580:
564:
552:
Pennzoil (South Penn Oil Company), acquired by Shell and Devon Energy
424:
211:
in 2022, and 11th by market capitalization as of September 29, 2022.
214:
161:
ExxonMobil (Standard Oil of New Jersey and New York, and Vacuum Oil)
2154:"Final Judgment: U.S. v. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, et al"
787:
715:
655:
634:
557:
522:
483:
325:(Standard Oil of New York), though opted to sell itself instead to
250:
154:
108:
100:
2332:
1123:
624:
431:
Atlantic Petroleum (Atlantic Refining Company), acquired by Sunoco
403:
2656:
234:, with its operations there eventually being fully bought out by
1969:"Devon Energy Acquires PennzEnergy | Mergr M&A Deal Summary"
1621:"DU PONT VICTOR IN COSTLY BATTLE TO BUY CONOCO (Published 1981)"
1417:"Apple May Be Bigger But Aramco's Soaring Dividend Is Unmatched"
1220:"SOCAL AGREES TO BUY GULF IN RECORD DEAL; PRICE IS $ 13 BILLION"
1208:
Arabian Peninsula and Gulf Studies Program, Retrieved 2019-09-27
1070:"Exxon-Mobil $ 82B deal done after FTC approval - Nov. 30, 1999"
2345:
PITTSBURGH'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORY OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS
1385:"Saudi Aramco overtakes Apple as world's most valuable company"
670:
List of all 39 companies created directly from Standard Oil by
603:
568:
528:
491:
446:
380:
350:
254:
96:
1548:"Marathon Oil Splits Itself Into Refining, E&P Businesses"
63:
has also acquired many Standard Oil descendants, most notably
2549:
2541:
2525:
1686:"With Conditions, FTC Approves Merger of Phillips and Conoco"
862:
856:
807:
409:
322:
115:, which originally was divested from the Standard-descending
68:
59:, formed from the merger of it and Standard Oil of New York.
1894:"10 Largest gas stations in Ohio in 2022 Based on Locations"
539:
The original Standard Oil company was based in Ohio, though
2533:
1326:"Saudi Aramco | Company, History, & Facts | Britannica"
819:
799:
Standard Oil of California (SoCal or CalSo, today known as
687:
472:
442:
395:, which currently controls the original Conoco brand name.
338:
311:
192:
2382:
1762:"British Petroleum Is Buying Amoco in $ 48.2 Billion Deal"
296:
Marathon Oil and Marathon Petroleum (The Ohio Oil Company)
1206:
A Brief History Of Major Oil Companies In The Gulf Region
1124:"Companies ranked by Market Cap - CompaniesMarketCap.com"
965:"Chevron Corporation | American corporation | Britannica"
2094:"Cosmetics and Skin: Chesebrough Manufacturing Company"
1490:"A $ 5 Billion Offer For Marathon Oil Is Made By Mobil"
870:
586:
567:, which erupted into a legal battle between itself and
544:
419:
60:
662:. Unilever to this day continues to produce Vaseline.
621:, which remains the present owner of UTLX and Marmon.
357:
ConocoPhillips (Continental Oil and Transport Company)
337:
in 2018 and gain ownership of fellow Standard spinoff
288:
occasions, usually competing with American tech giant
2634:
Standard Oil Co. v. United States (Standard Stations)
415:
for a time was the largest oil company in the world.
321:
Marathon became the target of a hostile takeover by
674:, as listed in Section 4 of the court's judgement.
665:
1993:"Pennzoil Company | American company | Britannica"
379:), though the company was eventually purchased by
215:Chevron (Standard Oil of California and Kentucky)
2702:
333:. Marathon Petroleum would subsequently acquire
2626:Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States
1149:
625:Chesebrough Manufacturing, acquired by Unilever
505:in 2013 (with BP retaining marketing rights in
404:Amoco (Standard Oil of Indiana), acquired by BP
279:Given the Kingdom's oil resources, such as the
238:in 1980 and merged into what is today known as
129:Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States
1465:
463:in 1916 and would primarily be located on the
2368:
1600:(Press release). ConocoPhillips. May 13, 2005
1564:
398:
1944:"Pennzoil-Texaco Fight Raised Key Questions"
1837:
529:Sohio (Standard Oil of Ohio), acquired by BP
180:and Socony merging with Standard descendant
2321:United States v Standard Oil - Decree, 1909
1198:
349:, whose assets were eventually acquired by
140:
2375:
2361:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2067:
672:U.S. v. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
1921:. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University.
1734:
930:
1864:
1651:
1618:
1545:
521:, though most of these were sold off to
18:
2116:
1759:
1590:
1382:
1176:"Our History – Aramco Services Company"
931:Potts, Mark; Behr, Peter (1984-03-06).
2703:
2245:
2070:"Chart: The Evolution of Standard Oil"
1916:
1737:"Goodbye, Standard; Hello, Amoco Corp"
1349:
478:Following an unsuccessful purchase of
2356:
2148:
2146:
2063:
2061:
1941:
1817:
1250:
1011:
764:Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company
639:Formed in 1872 and named for founder
16:Companies descended from Standard Oil
2685:
1843:
1820:"Amoco gas stations are coming back"
1735:Rosenheim, Daniel (April 24, 1985).
1654:"CONOCO RAISES $ 4.4 BILLION IN IPO"
1487:
1277:"Driven by the curiosity to explore"
1217:
1145:
1143:
1118:
1116:
1091:
1089:
587:UTLX, acquired by Berkshire Hathaway
207:and revenue, ranking twelfth on the
1440:
13:
2143:
2058:
1985:
1942:Lewin, Tamar (December 19, 1987).
1818:Rocco, Matthew (10 October 2017).
1760:Ibrahim, Youssef M. (1998-08-12).
1652:Hamilton, Martha M. (1998-10-22).
1619:Friedman, Thomas L. (1981-08-06).
1468:"Our History | Marathon Petroleum"
1014:"Jersey Standard Takes Giant Step"
482:and negative publicity with using
14:
2727:
1140:
1113:
1086:
796:Southwest Pennsylvania Pipe Lines
712:Chesebrough Manufacturing Company
631:Chesebrough Manufacturing Company
75:, the state-owned oil company of
2684:
2675:
2674:
1012:Smith, William D. (1972-06-22).
666:List of Standard Oil descendants
563:was also one of the bidders for
2338:
2326:
2233:
2221:
2205:
2194:
2182:
2171:
2119:"UNILEVER SETS DEAL FOR POND'S"
2110:
2086:
2068:Desjardins, Jeff (2017-11-24).
2034:
2009:
1961:
1935:
1910:
1886:
1875:from the original on 2021-12-11
1858:
1844:Egan, Jack (October 19, 1978).
1811:
1786:
1753:
1728:
1703:
1678:
1645:
1612:
1574:. ConocoPhilips. Archived from
1539:
1514:
1481:
1459:
1434:
1409:
1376:
1343:
1318:
1294:
1269:
1244:
1211:
1168:
724:Continental Oil Company, today
467:until its 1966 merger with the
465:East Coast of the United States
260:
2662:Petroleum in the United States
1488:Cole, Robert J. (1981-10-31).
1383:Wearden, Graeme (2022-05-12).
1218:Cole, Robert J. (1984-03-06).
1062:
1038:
1005:
981:
957:
924:
786:South Penn Oil Company, later
613:In 1981, UTLX was acquired by
1:
1865:Caldwell, Dave (2012-12-29).
1846:"BP Gaining Control of Sohio"
917:
913:Prairie Oil & Gas Company
777:Pittsburg Natural Gas Company
122:
2117:Crudele, John (1986-12-02).
1441:Toh, Michelle (2022-05-12).
1251:Raine, George (2001-10-10).
904:Cumberland Pipe Line Company
836:Standard Oil of New Jersey (
774:People's Natural Gas Company
767:The Ohio Oil Company, today
746:Lawrence Natural Gas Company
285:Russia's invasion of Ukraine
7:
1350:Sweney, Mark (2023-03-12).
933:"Gulf Accepts Bid By Socal"
859:, today part of ExxonMobil)
700:Buckeye Pipe Line Company (
682:Atlantic Refining Company (
186:Standard Vacuum Oil Company
93:first incarnation of DuPont
71:(Standard Oil of Indiana).
10:
2732:
2542:Standard Oil of New Jersey
2518:Standard Oil of California
2384:Standard Oil Company, Inc.
2201:Standard Oil Co. evolution
2178:History of Exxon in the UK
1917:Ansell, Martin R. (1998).
1046:"SOCONY- History in short"
886:, today part of ExxonMobil
851:Standard Oil of New York (
783:Southern Pipe Line Company
761:Northern Pipe Line Company
752:Mountain State Gas Company
734:Crescent Pipe Line Company
679:Anglo-American Oil Company
628:
590:
555:
532:
440:
434:
407:
399:Major acquired descendants
385:Phillips Petroleum Company
360:
299:
264:
242:. In 1961, CalSo acquired
218:
164:
126:
2670:
2644:
2617:
2586:
2569:
2468:
2427:
2391:
892:Waters-Pierce Oil Company
806:Standard Oil of Indiana (
749:Mahoning Gas Fuel Company
743:Indiana Pipe Line Company
740:Galena-Signal Oil Company
345:and not Standard spinoff
249:In 1985, CalSo purchased
236:Saudi Arabia's government
37:1911 Supreme Court ruling
2550:Standard Oil of New York
2534:Standard Oil of Kentucky
2240:ConocoPhillips 1929-1910
2158:US Department of Justice
2098:www.cosmeticsandskin.com
1690:Federal Trade Commission
1572:"Our History: 1875–1909"
1546:Fontevecchia, Agustino.
833:Standard Oil of Nebraska
820:Standard Oil of Kentucky
758:New York Transit Company
755:National Transit Company
737:Eureka Pipe Line Company
496:Energy Transfer Partners
480:Sinclair Oil Corporation
451:Energy Transfer Partners
244:Standard Oil of Kentucky
141:Major direct descendants
95:(which previously owned
87:(which previously owned
2526:Standard Oil of Indiana
2460:Henry Huttleston Rogers
2404:William Rockefeller Jr.
2323:on Appliedantitrust.com
879:Union Tank Line Company
273:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
1526:Convenience Store News
1180:www.aramcoservices.com
1128:companiesmarketcap.com
901:Connecting Gas Company
889:Washington Oil Company
875:Swan and Finch Company
816:Standard Oil of Kansas
780:Solar Refining Company
771:and Marathon Petroleum
697:Borne-Scrymser Company
593:Union Tank Car Company
117:Union Tank Car Company
103:(which presently owns
32:
2189:Atlantic Refining Co.
1150:Chevron Corporation.
910:Franklin Pipe Company
907:East Ohio Gas Company
469:Richfield Oil Company
459:on Baum Boulevard in
343:Richfield Oil Company
205:market capitalization
171:History of ExxonMobil
135:Sherman Antitrust Act
22:
2558:Standard Oil of Ohio
2435:John Dustin Archbold
2021:CreditInfoCenter.com
1882:– via YouTube.
1466:Marathon Petroleum.
1186:on February 12, 2018
863:Standard Oil of Ohio
813:Standard Oil of Iowa
721:Colonial Oil Company
535:Standard Oil of Ohio
316:Standard Oil of Ohio
228:Standard Oil of Iowa
65:Standard Oil of Ohio
2577:Atlantic Refinering
2450:Oliver Hazard Payne
2419:Stephen V. Harkness
2399:John D. Rockefeller
810:, today part of BP)
541:John D. Rockefeller
507:Northern California
373:Marland Oil Company
221:Chevron Corporation
81:Chevron Corporation
2711:Rockefeller family
2216:The New York Times
2123:The New York Times
1997:www.britannica.com
1948:The New York Times
1868:5 1989 Peg BP News
1766:The New York Times
1625:The New York Times
1494:The New York Times
1330:www.britannica.com
1224:The New York Times
1204:Thompson, Eric V.
1018:The New York Times
969:www.britannica.com
884:Vacuum Oil Company
692:Marathon Petroleum
684:Atlantic Petroleum
641:Robert Chesebrough
619:Berkshire Hathaway
503:Tesoro Corporation
437:Atlantic Petroleum
347:Atlantic Petroleum
331:Marathon Petroleum
306:Marathon Petroleum
209:Fortune Global 500
33:
2698:
2697:
2594:Bowling Green, KY
2587:Historic stations
2440:Jabez A. Bostwick
2191:at Britannica.com
2074:Visual Capitalist
1528:. 30 October 2001
1522:"USX Reorganizes"
1152:"Chevron History"
1050:www.aukevisser.nl
869:), today part of
515:convenience store
511:Pacific Northwest
425:Royal Dutch Shell
420:British Petroleum
232:Arabian Peninsula
2723:
2688:
2687:
2678:
2677:
2510:The Ohio Oil Co.
2485:Buckeye Partners
2377:
2370:
2363:
2354:
2353:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2330:
2324:
2318:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2209:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2186:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2150:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1715:seekingalpha.com
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1578:on June 15, 2013
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1453:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1215:
1209:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1182:. Archived from
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1147:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1120:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1093:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1066:
1060:
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1057:
1056:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
985:
979:
978:
976:
975:
961:
955:
954:
952:
951:
928:
826:, today part of
790:, today part of
704:, today part of
702:Buckeye Partners
690:, today part of
645:Second World War
45:illegal monopoly
2731:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2666:
2640:
2613:
2582:
2565:
2471:
2464:
2423:
2387:
2381:
2351:
2350:
2343:
2339:
2331:
2327:
2319:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2226:
2222:
2210:
2206:
2199:
2195:
2187:
2183:
2176:
2172:
2163:
2161:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2135:
2133:
2115:
2111:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2078:
2076:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2048:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2026:
2024:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2001:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1977:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1915:
1911:
1902:
1900:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1878:
1876:
1863:
1859:
1851:Washington Post
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1816:
1812:
1803:
1801:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1778:
1776:
1758:
1754:
1745:
1743:
1741:Chicago Tribune
1733:
1729:
1720:
1718:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1695:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1670:
1668:
1658:Washington Post
1650:
1646:
1637:
1635:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1506:
1504:
1486:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1464:
1460:
1451:
1449:
1439:
1435:
1426:
1424:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1401:
1399:
1381:
1377:
1368:
1366:
1348:
1344:
1335:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1284:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1261:
1259:
1249:
1245:
1236:
1234:
1216:
1212:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1160:
1158:
1148:
1141:
1132:
1130:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1105:
1103:
1095:
1094:
1087:
1078:
1076:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1054:
1052:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1030:
1028:
1010:
1006:
997:
995:
987:
986:
982:
973:
971:
963:
962:
958:
949:
947:
937:Washington Post
929:
925:
920:
895:
714:(today part of
668:
660:American Brands
637:
629:Main articles:
627:
599:
591:Main articles:
589:
560:
554:
537:
531:
453:
439:
433:
412:
406:
401:
369:
361:Main articles:
359:
308:
300:Main articles:
298:
292:for the title.
269:
263:
223:
217:
173:
165:Main articles:
163:
143:
131:
125:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2729:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2682:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2630:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2609:Plant City, FL
2606:
2604:Plainfield, Il
2601:
2596:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2539:
2531:
2523:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2500:Union Tank Car
2497:
2495:ConocoPhillips
2492:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2409:Samuel Andrews
2406:
2401:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2348:
2337:
2325:
2244:
2232:
2220:
2204:
2193:
2181:
2170:
2142:
2109:
2085:
2057:
2042:"UTLX History"
2033:
2008:
1984:
1960:
1934:
1927:
1909:
1885:
1857:
1836:
1810:
1800:. 25 July 2000
1785:
1752:
1727:
1702:
1677:
1644:
1611:
1589:
1563:
1538:
1513:
1480:
1458:
1433:
1408:
1375:
1342:
1317:
1293:
1281:www.aramco.com
1268:
1243:
1210:
1197:
1167:
1139:
1112:
1085:
1061:
1037:
1004:
980:
956:
922:
921:
919:
916:
915:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
894:
893:
890:
887:
881:
876:
873:
860:
849:
834:
831:
817:
814:
811:
804:
797:
794:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
726:ConocoPhillips
722:
719:
709:
698:
695:
680:
676:
667:
664:
626:
623:
588:
585:
556:Main article:
553:
550:
533:Main article:
530:
527:
435:Main article:
432:
429:
408:Main article:
405:
402:
400:
397:
389:ConocoPhillips
363:ConocoPhillips
358:
355:
297:
294:
265:Main article:
262:
259:
219:Main article:
216:
213:
162:
159:
142:
139:
127:Main article:
124:
121:
35:Following the
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2728:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2691:
2683:
2681:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:Seven Sisters
2650:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
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2559:
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2543:
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2538:
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2530:
2527:
2524:
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2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
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2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2455:Charles Pratt
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:Henry Flagler
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2378:
2373:
2371:
2366:
2364:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2346:
2341:
2334:
2329:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2241:
2236:
2229:
2224:
2218:. 25 May 1909
2217:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2197:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2174:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2147:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2113:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2062:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2022:
2018:
2012:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1930:
1928:0-8142-0749-9
1924:
1920:
1913:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1861:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1840:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1615:
1599:
1593:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1553:
1549:
1542:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1473:September 29,
1469:
1462:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1422:
1421:Bloomberg.com
1418:
1412:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1379:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1346:
1331:
1327:
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1307:
1303:
1297:
1282:
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1272:
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1201:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1171:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1144:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1090:
1075:
1074:money.cnn.com
1071:
1065:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1008:
994:
990:
984:
970:
966:
960:
946:
942:
938:
934:
927:
923:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
899:
898:
891:
888:
885:
882:
880:
877:
874:
872:
868:
864:
861:
858:
854:
850:
847:
843:
839:
835:
832:
829:
825:
821:
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815:
812:
809:
805:
802:
798:
795:
793:
789:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
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723:
720:
717:
713:
710:
707:
706:IFM Investors
703:
699:
696:
693:
689:
685:
681:
678:
677:
675:
673:
663:
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
642:
636:
632:
622:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
598:
594:
584:
582:
578:
572:
570:
566:
559:
549:
546:
542:
536:
526:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
452:
448:
444:
438:
428:
426:
421:
416:
411:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
368:
364:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
310:The state of
307:
303:
293:
291:
286:
282:
277:
274:
268:
258:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
222:
212:
210:
206:
200:
198:
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
172:
168:
158:
156:
152:
148:
138:
136:
130:
120:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
52:
50:
49:Seven Sisters
46:
42:
38:
30:
26:
21:
2716:Standard Oil
2632:
2624:
2570:Acquisitions
2560:
2552:
2544:
2536:
2528:
2520:
2512:
2469:
2445:Daniel O'Day
2340:
2328:
2235:
2230:on Colonial
2223:
2215:
2207:
2196:
2184:
2173:
2162:. Retrieved
2160:. 1909-09-20
2157:
2134:. Retrieved
2122:
2112:
2101:. Retrieved
2097:
2088:
2077:. Retrieved
2073:
2049:. Retrieved
2045:
2036:
2025:. Retrieved
2023:. 2008-07-16
2020:
2011:
2000:. Retrieved
1996:
1987:
1976:. Retrieved
1972:
1963:
1951:. Retrieved
1947:
1937:
1918:
1912:
1901:. Retrieved
1897:
1888:
1877:. Retrieved
1867:
1860:
1849:
1839:
1827:. Retrieved
1824:Fox Business
1823:
1813:
1802:. Retrieved
1797:
1788:
1777:. Retrieved
1765:
1755:
1744:. Retrieved
1740:
1730:
1719:. Retrieved
1717:. 9 May 2013
1714:
1705:
1694:. Retrieved
1692:. 2002-08-30
1689:
1680:
1669:. Retrieved
1657:
1647:
1636:. Retrieved
1624:
1614:
1602:. Retrieved
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1576:the original
1566:
1555:. Retrieved
1551:
1541:
1530:. Retrieved
1525:
1516:
1505:. Retrieved
1493:
1483:
1471:. Retrieved
1461:
1450:. Retrieved
1446:
1436:
1425:. Retrieved
1423:. 2023-05-09
1420:
1411:
1400:. Retrieved
1389:The Guardian
1388:
1378:
1367:. Retrieved
1356:The Guardian
1355:
1345:
1334:. Retrieved
1332:. 2023-08-27
1329:
1320:
1309:. Retrieved
1306:OilPrice.com
1305:
1296:
1285:. Retrieved
1283:. 2023-08-07
1280:
1271:
1260:. Retrieved
1256:
1246:
1235:. Retrieved
1223:
1213:
1200:
1190:February 12,
1188:. Retrieved
1184:the original
1179:
1170:
1159:. Retrieved
1155:
1131:. Retrieved
1127:
1104:. Retrieved
1100:
1097:"Global 500"
1077:. Retrieved
1073:
1064:
1053:. Retrieved
1049:
1040:
1029:. Retrieved
1017:
1007:
996:. Retrieved
993:glcp.uvm.edu
992:
983:
972:. Retrieved
968:
959:
948:. Retrieved
936:
926:
896:
866:
852:
841:
837:
823:
769:Marathon Oil
671:
669:
653:
638:
615:Marmon Group
612:
600:
577:Devon Energy
573:
561:
538:
500:
477:
454:
417:
413:
377:World War II
370:
320:
309:
302:Marathon Oil
281:Ghawar Field
278:
270:
267:Saudi Aramco
261:Saudi Aramco
248:
240:Saudi Aramco
224:
201:
190:
174:
144:
132:
89:Marathon Oil
77:Saudi Arabia
73:Saudi Aramco
53:
41:Standard Oil
34:
31:corporations
24:
2490:Chesebrough
2386:(1870–1911)
2335:on Hope Gas
1798:www.ogj.com
1794:"StackPath"
1156:chevron.com
730:Phillips 66
457:gas station
393:Phillips 66
367:Phillips 66
105:Chesebrough
39:that found
2705:Categories
2513:(Marathon)
2505:Vacuum Oil
2428:Executives
2333:Who we are
2164:2022-12-23
2136:2022-10-12
2103:2022-10-12
2079:2022-10-12
2051:2022-10-12
2027:2022-10-12
2002:2022-10-12
1978:2022-09-30
1903:2022-10-12
1898:ScrapeHero
1879:2018-11-28
1829:12 October
1804:2022-10-12
1779:2022-10-12
1746:2019-08-28
1721:2022-10-12
1696:2020-11-10
1671:2020-11-09
1638:2020-11-09
1557:2022-10-12
1532:2022-09-30
1507:2022-09-30
1452:2023-08-30
1427:2023-08-30
1402:2023-08-30
1369:2023-08-30
1336:2023-08-30
1311:2023-08-30
1287:2023-08-30
1262:2022-09-30
1237:2022-09-30
1161:2022-09-30
1133:2022-09-30
1106:2022-09-30
1079:2022-09-30
1055:2022-09-30
1031:2022-09-30
998:2022-09-30
974:2022-09-30
950:2022-09-30
918:References
846:ExxonMobil
608:TransUnion
597:TransUnion
488:John Deuss
461:Pittsburgh
441:See also:
327:U.S. Steel
182:Vacuum Oil
178:Humble Oil
167:ExxonMobil
147:ExxonMobil
123:Background
113:TransUnion
85:U.S. Steel
57:ExxonMobil
2599:Odell, Il
2521:(Chevron)
2472:companies
2470:Successor
2131:0362-4331
1973:mergr.com
1774:0362-4331
1666:0190-8286
1633:0362-4331
1604:August 1,
1582:August 1,
1502:0362-4331
1397:0261-3077
1364:0261-3077
1232:0362-4331
1026:0362-4331
945:0190-8286
792:Shell plc
654:In 1987,
651:in 1955.
581:Shell plc
565:Getty Oil
525:in 2018.
498:in 2012.
418:In 1998,
2680:Category
2618:Lawsuits
2480:Atlantic
2392:Founders
1953:March 3,
1873:Archived
855:, later
844:, today
840:, later
788:Pennzoil
716:Unilever
686:, later
656:Unilever
635:Vaseline
558:Pennzoil
523:7-Eleven
509:and the
484:methanol
471:to form
387:to form
335:Andeavor
251:Gulf Oil
155:Gulf Oil
109:Vaseline
101:Unilever
27:denotes
2690:Commons
2657:Big Oil
2645:Related
2561:(Sohio)
2553:(Mobil)
2545:(Exxon)
2529:(Amoco)
2242:history
2228:History
1101:Fortune
828:Chevron
801:Chevron
517:chain,
151:Chevron
99:), and
91:), the
43:was an
2637:(1949)
2629:(1911)
2579:(1874)
2537:(Kyso)
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1664:
1631:
1552:Forbes
1500:
1395:
1362:
1257:SFGATE
1230:
1024:
943:
853:Socony
649:Pond's
604:Procor
569:Texaco
519:A-Plus
492:Sunoco
449:, and
447:Sunoco
381:DuPont
351:Sunoco
255:Texaco
97:Conoco
29:extant
867:Sohio
857:Mobil
842:Exxon
808:Amoco
410:Amoco
323:Mobil
290:Apple
69:Amoco
2127:ISSN
2046:UTLX
1955:2013
1923:ISBN
1831:2017
1770:ISSN
1662:ISSN
1629:ISSN
1606:2013
1584:2013
1498:ISSN
1475:2022
1393:ISSN
1360:ISSN
1228:ISSN
1192:2018
1022:ISSN
941:ISSN
838:Esso
824:Kyso
728:and
688:ARCO
633:and
595:and
473:ARCO
443:ARCO
365:and
339:ARCO
312:Ohio
304:and
197:Enco
193:Esso
169:and
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