149:
61:
108:
84:
127:
36:
1945:
1396:
725:
1369:
305:: Sudan witnessed a failed coup against General Ibrahim Abboud's regime. The conspirators, including Al-Rashid Al-Taher Bakr, faced trials, with some receiving death sentences, marking Sudan's first post-independence military executions. Abd al-Rahman Kabeida, involved in the 1957 coup attempt, was imprisoned until his release after the
1317:
433:: Allegedly orchestrated by retired officers and junior loyalists, aimed to overthrow the ruling military junta led by Lieutenant General Omar al-Bashir. Loyalist forces quashed the coup, with reported gunfire at key locations. Approximately 30 officers and retired officers were arrested.
706:
517:. According to media reports, at least 40 officers were arrested. A government spokesman said they included "remnants of the defunct regime", referring to former officials of President Omar al-Bashir's government, and members of the country's armoured corps.
1060:
880:
1343:
1764:
1797:
1859:
337:, briefly ousted President Jaafar Nimeiry but lacked support. Nimeiry's loyalists counter-couped, reinstating him. Nimeiry then strengthened his rule, diminishing the influence of former
864:
1505:
2382:
1891:
180:, totalling 19 coup attempts, of which 7 were successful, which places Sudan as the African nation with the most coup attempts and it ranks second globally, just behind
362:
945:
2763:
1191:
1748:
507:
and declared a state of emergency in the country for a period of 3 months, followed by a transitional period of two years before an agreement was reached later.
2546:
352:
2365:
2315:
2222:
370:
296:
2700:
2810:
1788:
475:
reached the capital, marking a significant escalation in a conflict that had already claimed up to 300,000 lives and displaced 2.5 million since 2003.
2242:
778:
2310:
2262:
1908:
1849:
338:
1243:
1567:
481:: The coup against president Omar al-Bashir started as an attempt to overthrow the government over serious conflicts, upheavals (mainly the
2355:
1269:
1475:
351:-backed rebel army officers attempted a coup against President Gaafar al-Nimeiry, but loyalist forces quickly crushed the coup. Brigadier
2120:
1447:
401:: The coup was staged by a group of military officers and led by the Defense Minister and Armed Forces Commander-in-Chief, Field Marshal
1537:
709:[Coups, betrayals and maliciousness of officers against each other within the armed forces - Al-Burhan “Hemedti” for example].
17:
1140:
1026:
2897:
2631:
1930:
1515:
669:
395:
but failed. High
Executive Council members were arrested, and some sources suggest the group tried to free them from Juba prison.
1881:
2360:
2335:
2085:
2961:
2277:
2052:
1217:
761:
1827:
881:"الحكومة العسكرية في السودان في الأعوام الثلاثة الماضية (1959 – 1961م) .. بقلم: بيتر كيلنر .. ترجمة: بدر الدين حامد الهاشمي"
2616:
2252:
2207:
2040:
803:
510:
288:
280:
453:. It ended with the arrests of army officers over the next few days. A second attempted coup was staged in September 2004.
1670:
1114:
1087:
2768:
1722:
2212:
2162:
1124:
1097:
545:: Sudan witnessed an armed conflict between rival factions of the military, the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the
2956:
2257:
2135:
528:
324:
231:
155:
1938:
1000:
2621:
2232:
2192:
2155:
482:
374:
2272:
2247:
2217:
2202:
2187:
2177:
2172:
2045:
2032:
2002:
1997:
1977:
1972:
1962:
1581:
779:"SUDAN COUP PUTS ARMY IN CONTROL; Capital Is Quiet as General Takes Power -- Parliament Ousted in Orderly Shift"
587:
532:
520:
488:
424:
408:
398:
330:
312:
269:
196:
192:
185:
163:
140:
136:
114:
97:
93:
71:
48:
2840:
1010:
460:
181:
2611:
2182:
2115:
1992:
1923:
514:
504:
449:: The attempt was against the president Omar al-Bashir and his cabinet, inspired by opposition leaders and
380:
832:
Ben Hammou, Salah (2023). "The
Varieties of Civilian Praetorianism: Evidence From Sudan's Coup Politics".
299:, with the knowledge of the United States and Great Britain. Khalil was subsequently retired on a pension.
148:
2705:
1461:
1166:
2674:
2576:
2237:
2078:
2027:
2017:
2012:
2007:
1987:
1982:
1967:
1957:
1619:
478:
446:
436:
430:
402:
392:
358:
344:
302:
251:
207:
203:
2370:
2197:
751:
235:
2130:
2340:
2167:
440:
348:
323:. The coup signalled the end of Sudan's second democratic era, and saw the beginning of Nimeiry's
2815:
2746:
2626:
2520:
2390:
2320:
1916:
373:
was met with resistance, leading to a week of intense fighting and civilian casualties. A brief
306:
273:
67:
41:
1167:"Sudan's Military Ousts Numeiri: Coup Climaxes Protests; African Ally Was on Way Back From U.S."
415:
overthrown the democratically elected government of Prime
Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi and President
2875:
2462:
2345:
2267:
1483:
539:, but civilian groups rejected it, and Hamdok resigned in January 2022 amid continued protests.
524:
75:
2125:
707:"انقلابات وخيانات وخبيثات الضباط في بعضهم البعض داخل القوات المسلحة – البرهان "حميدتي" مثالآ-"
2845:
2785:
2753:
2667:
2606:
2601:
2581:
2556:
2071:
1545:
492:
485:) and worsening conditions. 13 were arrested during the coup attempt, according to the media.
412:
223:
2902:
2850:
2657:
2585:
2395:
2150:
2022:
1596:
546:
456:
227:
8:
2882:
2595:
2566:
542:
496:
423:
who took power in its aftermath; he ruled the country for the next 30 years until he was
284:
219:
2805:
2780:
2758:
2710:
2571:
2515:
2325:
2293:
927:
845:
535:
ensued, leading to negotiations. A 14-point deal in
November reinstated Prime Minister
500:
255:
173:
2860:
2795:
2790:
2741:
2736:
2591:
2534:
2330:
1756:
1510:
1120:
1093:
1034:
1006:
919:
849:
757:
677:
558:
416:
118:
177:
2926:
2832:
2800:
2724:
2662:
2645:
2551:
2502:
2472:
2422:
2305:
2103:
837:
579:
527:
staged a military coup in Sudan, detaining government officials and dissolving the
450:
320:
258:, a failed coup led by Abdel Rahman Ismail Kabeida sought to seize power from the
2865:
2855:
2775:
2687:
2427:
2409:
2350:
1819:
1644:
642:
276:
259:
239:
44:
807:
266:, accused of supporting the coup, and was arrested and later reassigned in 1959.
2935:
2907:
2892:
2887:
2822:
2692:
2679:
2487:
2457:
2447:
2432:
1423:"History of successful and coup attempts wey fail for Sudan since independence"
536:
420:
366:
334:
316:
292:
263:
159:
132:
89:
52:
1786:
Abdelaziz, Khalid; Awadalla, Nadine (25 October 2021). Pullin, Richard (ed.).
841:
614:
443:. The coup was quickly crushed and the leaders of the attempt were imprisoned.
60:
2950:
2870:
2497:
2467:
2442:
2227:
2145:
2140:
1760:
1038:
923:
681:
472:
2482:
2477:
2452:
2417:
1789:"Sudan cabinet members, others arrested in apparent coup – Reuters witness"
1506:"Darfur rebels poised to take Khartoum | The Independent | The Independent"
1422:
753:
Who's who in Africa: The
Political, Military and Business Leaders of Africa
643:"Gabon coup: The latest in a series of military takeovers on the continent"
439:: The attempt was led by Colonel Ahmed Khaled who was a sympathiser of the
35:
1476:"Sudan Sentences 8 Rebels to Death for Khartoum Raid - The New York Times"
2492:
2437:
1886:
1291:
107:
1618:
Abdelaziz, Khalid; Lewis, Aidan (11 April 2019). Lawrence, Janet (ed.).
931:
907:
83:
1854:
1695:
126:
1620:"Soldiers raid headquarters of Bashir's Islamic movement in Khartoum"
1063:[The Security Apparatus' View of the July 2, 1976 Movement].
199:
188:
1595:
El
Sirgany, Sarah; Elbagir, Nima; Abdullah, Yasir (11 April 2019).
468:
464:
184:, which has recorded 23 coup attempts since 1950. This include the
2063:
388:
554:
550:
355:, the coup leader, was wounded, court-martialled, and executed.
211:
1882:"Battle For Key Police Base Kills At Least 14 Sudan Civilians"
1749:"Sudan's army seizes power in coup and detains prime minister"
1244:"Sudan Reports Blocking a Coup And Arresting Over 30 Officers"
1061:"نظرة جهاز الأمن لحركة 2 يوليو 1976 .. بقلم: عبدالله الشقليني"
2094:
1944:
1723:"Sudanese officials say coup attempt failed, army in control"
377:
followed but ended due to ongoing tensions and disagreements.
1747:
Salih, Zeinab
Mohammed; Beaumont, Peter (25 October 2021).
1370:"توتر جديد في السودان... تاريخ طويل من الانقلابات العسكرية"
384:
361:: In early 1972, Nimeiry's dialogue with opposition leader
1645:"Sudan failed coup: Government blames pro-Bashir elements"
1318:"سجل حافل بالانقلابات في السودان: 12 انقلاباً في 64 عاماً"
1594:
1448:"Tight security in Khartoum as gov't claims coup attempt"
583:
1482:. Agence France-Presse. 26 November 2022. Archived from
1820:"Sudan coup: Protests continue after military takeover"
1141:"SUDAN'S PRESIDENT IS OUSTED IN COUP BY MILITARY CHIEF"
499:
demanded his departure. At that time, the army, led by
1850:"South Kordofan residents flee as Sudan war escalates"
1597:"Sudan's President Bashir forced out in military coup"
222:
began on 15 April 2023, involving clashes between the
1538:"U.S. urges restraint after Sudan violence | Reuters"
1397:"الانقلابات العسكرية في السودان بين الملامح والأسباب"
1089:
The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars: Peace Or Truce
726:"الانقلابات العسكرية في السودان بين الملامح والأسباب"
471:, killing over 220 people. It was the first time the
405:, against the government of President Gaafar Nimeiry.
908:"Military Government in Sudan: The Past Three Years"
176:
in 1956, Sudan has witnessed a protracted series of
1270:"Sudanese military government crushes coup attempt"
1027:"Sudan Rebels Stage Coup But Loyal Troops Crush It"
319:successfully overthrow the government of President
1787:
1582:"Coup attempt disrupted, Sudanese government says"
1785:
1696:"تصفية اخر جيوب الانقلاب واعتقال عسكريين ومدنيين"
582:, and 17 attempts with 6 successful according to
491:: President Omar al-Bashir was overthrown by the
279:against the civilian government formed after the
2948:
2381:
1671:"Sudanese officials say coup attempt has failed"
578:18 coup attempts with 6 successful according to
670:"Analysis | Map: The world of coups since 1950"
1617:
1218:"Military Coup in Sudan Ousts Civilian Regime"
2079:
1924:
1746:
1292:"هذه قصة الانقلابات في السودان خلال ستة عقود"
827:
825:
1344:"هذه قصة الانقلابات في السودان خلال 6 عقود"
1296:الرابطة الدولية للخبراء والمحللين السياسيين
1058:
700:
698:
2086:
2072:
1931:
1917:
1812:
1450:. The New Humanitarian. 27 September 2004.
946:"69. Republic of the Sudan (1956-present)"
831:
822:
723:
704:
2243:Conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile
1530:
1462:"SUDAN: Coup Plot Threatens Peace Talks"
1394:
1005:. Indiana University Press. p. 88.
695:
1874:
1779:
1085:
992:
988:. Indiana University Press. p. 87.
977:
862:
419:. The coup was led by military officer
113:After a short period of democracy, the
14:
2949:
1740:
1315:
1059:Al-Shaqlini, Abdullah (27 July 2018).
905:
776:
724:Al-Taweel, Amani (24 September 2021).
667:
612:
561:and other rebel groups joined the war.
2408:
2067:
1912:
1842:
1720:
1468:
1395:Altaweel, Amani (24 September 2021).
1112:
2253:Second Transitional Military Council
1830:from the original on 25 October 2021
1800:from the original on 25 October 2021
1767:from the original on 25 October 2021
1568:"The attempted coup d'etat in Sudan"
1210:
998:
983:
637:
635:
608:
606:
549:(RSF), with clashes in Khartoum and
272:: A bloodless self-coup, was led by
2208:First Transitional Military Council
1663:
1637:
1588:
1159:
1133:
1019:
938:
777:Hailey, Foster (18 November 1958).
613:Williamson, Megan Duzor and Brian.
365:failed. In 1976, a coup attempt by
24:
2093:
1544:. 22 November 2020. Archived from
1184:
1086:Johnson, Douglas Hamilton (2011).
1052:
971:Historical Dictionary of the Sudan
899:
873:
863:العزاوي, قيس جواد (2 March 2023).
391:Air Force members, aimed to seize
25:
2973:
2263:2019–2021 transition to democracy
1894:from the original on 27 June 2023
1862:from the original on 30 June 2023
1721:Magdy, Samy (21 September 2021).
1316:Khalil, Rima (21 December 2021).
1192:"Sudanese Leader Deposed in Coup"
866:الجيش والسلطة في التاريخ العثماني
632:
615:"By The Numbers: Coups in Africa"
603:
2258:Transitional Sovereignty Council
1943:
668:Taylor, Adam (1 December 2021).
147:
125:
106:
82:
59:
34:
1714:
1688:
1611:
1574:
1570:. ISS Africa. 30 November 2012.
1560:
1498:
1454:
1440:
1415:
1388:
1362:
1336:
1309:
1284:
1262:
1236:
1116:South Sudan: The Notable Firsts
1106:
1079:
963:
856:
705:Al-Sayegh, Bakri (9 May 2023).
218:In the latest development, the
1350:(in Arabic). 24 September 2021
796:
770:
744:
717:
661:
572:
513:: The attempt was against the
13:
1:
1514:. 7 July 2022. Archived from
756:. African Development. 1973.
597:
503:, toppled the government and
461:Justice and Equality Movement
339:Revolutionary Command Council
156:Sudan transition to democracy
1092:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd.
586:, but both do not count the
515:Sovereignty Council of Sudan
291:, and senior army generals,
7:
483:2011–2013 Sudanese protests
27:Aspect of Sudanese politics
10:
2978:
2121:Pre-independence governors
1376:(in Arabic). 15 April 2023
1113:Kuyok, Kuyok Abol (2015).
834:Armed Forces & Society
403:Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab
135:’s dictatorship after the
96:but he was toppled in the
94:2nd coup attempt succeeded
2920:
2831:
2732:
2723:
2653:
2644:
2542:
2533:
2301:
2292:
2151:Anglo-Egyptian occupation
2111:
2102:
1953:
1002:Assassination in Khartoum
986:Assassination in Khartoum
842:10.1177/0095327X231155667
804:"Sudan Embassy in Canada"
289:People's Democratic Party
68:short period of democracy
18:Sudanese coup d'état
1584:. CNN. 23 November 2012.
1464:. IPSNews. 2 April 2004.
887:(in Arabic). 13 May 2023
565:
447:March and September 2004
349:Sudanese Communist Party
245:
2957:Military coups in Sudan
2193:National Reconciliation
999:Korn, David A. (1993).
984:Korn, David A. (1993).
375:National Reconciliation
363:Sharif Hussein al-Hindi
307:October 1964 Revolution
283:. It involved Khalil's
230:, both factions of the
2962:Coups d'état in Africa
2233:United Nations Mission
906:Kilner, Peter (1962).
869:(in Arabic). ktab INC.
525:Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
162:was deposed after the
2607:Native administration
2213:Coalitions/Bashir Era
2126:Pre and early history
1940:Coups d'état in Sudan
1170:The Los Angeles Times
493:Sudanese Armed Forces
459:: Darfur rebel group
441:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
413:Sudanese Armed Forces
226:and the paramilitary
224:Sudanese Armed Forces
1272:. UPI. 23 April 1990
1033:. 6 September 1975.
810:on 24 September 2015
619:projects.voanews.com
547:Rapid Support Forces
533:Protests and strikes
505:National Legislature
353:Hassan Hussein Osman
256:Sudan's independence
228:Rapid Support Forces
2366:Non-marine molluscs
1826:. 25 October 2021.
1651:. 21 September 2021
1548:on 22 November 2020
1486:on 26 November 2022
1196:The Washington Post
836:: 0095327X2311556.
529:Sovereignty Council
387:coup, led by 12 ex-
285:National Umma Party
232:military government
220:2023 Sudan Conflict
2706:Telecommunications
2141:Turkish occupation
1480:The New York Times
1248:The New York Times
1222:The New York Times
1145:The New York Times
1031:The New York Times
783:The New York Times
501:Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf
371:Muhammad Nour Saad
297:Ahmad Abd al-Wahab
234:, with a focus on
2944:
2943:
2916:
2915:
2719:
2718:
2682:(former currency)
2640:
2639:
2577:Foreign relations
2529:
2528:
2511:
2510:
2404:
2403:
2383:Natural disasters
2288:
2287:
2273:October 2021 coup
2238:Nomadic conflicts
2163:Independent Sudan
2061:
2060:
2041:September attempt
1993:1977 Juba attempt
1511:Independent.co.uk
763:978-0-9502755-0-5
559:Abdelaziz al-Hilu
511:21 September 2021
417:Ahmed al-Mirghani
254:: One year after
139:lasted until the
49:self-coup in 1958
16:(Redirected from
2969:
2929:
2730:
2729:
2696:
2683:
2651:
2650:
2540:
2539:
2406:
2405:
2379:
2378:
2299:
2298:
2198:Second Civil War
2109:
2108:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2046:October–November
1948:
1947:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1890:. 26 June 2023.
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1858:. 23 June 2023.
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1791:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1023:
1017:
1016:
996:
990:
989:
981:
975:
974:
967:
961:
960:
958:
956:
942:
936:
935:
903:
897:
896:
894:
892:
877:
871:
870:
860:
854:
853:
829:
820:
819:
817:
815:
806:. Archived from
800:
794:
793:
791:
789:
774:
768:
767:
748:
742:
741:
739:
737:
721:
715:
714:
702:
693:
692:
690:
688:
665:
659:
658:
656:
654:
649:. 7 January 2019
639:
630:
629:
627:
625:
610:
591:
590:as a successful.
588:1971 coup d'état
580:Voice of America
576:
497:popular protests
479:22 November 2012
451:Hassan Al-Turabi
369:that was led by
345:5 September 1975
341:members by 1975.
321:Ismail al-Azhari
270:17 November 1958
260:civil government
151:
129:
110:
86:
63:
38:
21:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2947:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2932:
2925:
2912:
2827:
2715:
2694:
2681:
2636:
2632:State Governors
2525:
2507:
2400:
2377:
2284:
2168:First Civil War
2098:
2092:
2062:
2057:
1949:
1942:
1937:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1865:
1863:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1833:
1831:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1784:
1780:
1770:
1768:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1694:
1693:
1689:
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1429:
1427:BBC News Pidgin
1421:
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1406:
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1393:
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1298:
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1289:
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1268:
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1251:
1250:. 24 April 1990
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1216:
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1199:
1190:
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1119:. AuthorHouse.
1111:
1107:
1100:
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1080:
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1024:
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997:
993:
982:
978:
969:
968:
964:
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944:
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912:The World Today
904:
900:
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861:
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823:
813:
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771:
764:
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749:
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733:
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703:
696:
686:
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674:Washington Post
666:
662:
652:
650:
641:
640:
633:
623:
621:
611:
604:
600:
595:
594:
577:
573:
568:
521:25 October 2021
473:Darfur conflict
381:2 February 1977
303:9 November 1959
277:Abdallah Khalil
248:
170:
169:
168:
167:
166:
152:
144:
143:
130:
122:
121:
111:
102:
101:
100:
87:
79:
78:
64:
56:
55:
47:orchestrated a
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2975:
2965:
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2942:
2941:
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2900:
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2853:
2848:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2816:Public toilets
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2747:Child marriage
2744:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2690:
2685:
2677:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2627:Vice President
2624:
2619:
2617:Prime Minister
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2596:September Laws
2589:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2488:South Kordofan
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2458:North Kordofan
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2433:Central Darfur
2430:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2391:Climate change
2387:
2385:
2376:
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2373:
2368:
2363:
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2313:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2278:2023 Civil war
2275:
2270:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2188:Communist coup
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097: articles
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2049:
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2043:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1936:
1935:
1928:
1921:
1913:
1906:
1905:
1873:
1841:
1811:
1778:
1739:
1713:
1687:
1662:
1636:
1610:
1587:
1573:
1559:
1529:
1518:on 7 July 2022
1497:
1467:
1453:
1439:
1414:
1401:اندبندنت عربية
1387:
1361:
1335:
1308:
1283:
1261:
1235:
1209:
1198:. 7 April 1985
1183:
1172:. 7 April 1985
1158:
1147:. 7 April 1985
1132:
1125:
1105:
1098:
1078:
1051:
1018:
1011:
991:
976:
962:
937:
918:(6): 259–268.
898:
872:
855:
821:
795:
769:
762:
743:
730:اندبندنت عربية
716:
694:
660:
631:
601:
599:
596:
593:
592:
570:
569:
567:
564:
563:
562:
540:
537:Abdalla Hamdok
518:
508:
486:
476:
454:
444:
434:
428:
421:Omar al-Bashir
406:
396:
378:
367:Sadiq al-Mahdi
356:
342:
335:Hashem al Atta
328:
317:Jaafar Nimeiry
310:
300:
293:Ibrahim Abboud
274:Prime Minister
267:
264:Jaafar Nimeiry
247:
244:
172:Since gaining
153:
146:
145:
131:
124:
123:
112:
105:
104:
103:
88:
81:
80:
65:
58:
57:
40:
33:
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9:
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2764:Ethnic groups
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2514:
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2504:
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2499:
2498:West Kordofan
2496:
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2307:
2304:
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2300:
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2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2268:Peace process
2266:
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2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
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2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
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2229:
2228:War in Darfur
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
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2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
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2119:
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2110:
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2101:
2096:
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2084:
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2069:
2066:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1934:
1929:
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1922:
1920:
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1877:
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1501:
1485:
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1471:
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1443:
1428:
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1375:
1371:
1365:
1349:
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1339:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1271:
1265:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1224:. 1 July 1989
1223:
1219:
1213:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1128:
1126:9781504943468
1122:
1118:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1099:9781847010292
1095:
1091:
1090:
1082:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1014:
1008:
1004:
1003:
995:
987:
980:
973:. p. 41.
972:
966:
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941:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
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902:
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859:
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828:
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759:
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747:
731:
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683:
679:
675:
671:
664:
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620:
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609:
607:
602:
589:
585:
581:
575:
571:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:15 April 2023
541:
538:
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522:
519:
516:
512:
509:
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502:
498:
494:
490:
489:11 April 2019
487:
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477:
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470:
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458:
455:
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448:
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438:
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431:23 April 1990
429:
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294:
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286:
282:
281:1958 election
278:
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138:
134:
128:
120:
116:
109:
99:
95:
91:
85:
77:
73:
69:
62:
54:
51:with General
50:
46:
43:
37:
19:
2846:Architecture
2754:Demographics
2668:Central Bank
2582:Human rights
2561:
2557:Constitution
2483:South Darfur
2453:North Darfur
2136:Islamization
2053:2023 attempt
2028:2012 attempt
2023:2008 attempt
2018:2004 attempt
2013:1992 attempt
2008:1990 attempt
1988:1976 attempt
1983:1975 attempt
1968:1959 attempt
1958:1957 attempt
1939:
1896:. Retrieved
1885:
1876:
1864:. Retrieved
1853:
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1823:
1814:
1802:. Retrieved
1793:
1781:
1769:. Retrieved
1753:The Guardian
1752:
1742:
1732:21 September
1730:. Retrieved
1726:
1716:
1706:21 September
1704:. Retrieved
1699:
1690:
1680:21 September
1678:. Retrieved
1674:
1665:
1655:21 September
1653:. Retrieved
1648:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1623:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1590:
1576:
1562:
1550:. Retrieved
1546:the original
1541:
1532:
1520:. Retrieved
1516:the original
1509:
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1484:the original
1479:
1470:
1456:
1442:
1430:. Retrieved
1426:
1417:
1405:. Retrieved
1400:
1390:
1378:. Retrieved
1374:سبوتنيك عربي
1373:
1364:
1352:. Retrieved
1347:
1338:
1326:. Retrieved
1321:
1311:
1299:. Retrieved
1295:
1286:
1276:30 September
1274:. Retrieved
1264:
1254:30 September
1252:. Retrieved
1247:
1238:
1226:. Retrieved
1221:
1212:
1200:. Retrieved
1195:
1186:
1174:. Retrieved
1169:
1161:
1149:. Retrieved
1144:
1135:
1115:
1108:
1088:
1081:
1069:. Retrieved
1064:
1054:
1042:. Retrieved
1030:
1021:
1001:
994:
985:
979:
970:
965:
953:. Retrieved
949:
940:
915:
911:
901:
889:. Retrieved
884:
875:
865:
858:
833:
812:. Retrieved
808:the original
798:
786:. Retrieved
782:
772:
752:
746:
734:. Retrieved
729:
719:
710:
687:11 September
685:. Retrieved
673:
663:
653:11 September
651:. Retrieved
646:
622:. Retrieved
618:
574:
409:30 June 1989
399:6 April 1985
393:Juba airport
331:19 July 1971
325:16 year rule
217:
210:
178:coups d'état
174:independence
171:
2903:Photography
2898:Decorations
2658:Agriculture
2586:LGBT rights
2547:Ambassadors
2493:West Darfur
2438:East Darfur
2356:Butterflies
2183:Nimeiry Era
1702:(in Arabic)
1552:8 September
1522:8 September
1490:8 September
1403:(in Arabic)
1324:(in Arabic)
1067:(in Arabic)
732:(in Arabic)
624:8 September
457:10 May 2008
359:2 July 1976
313:25 May 1969
117:deposed PM
74:deposed PM
2951:Categories
2883:Literature
2769:minorities
2695:(currency)
2612:Parliament
2567:Corruption
2503:White Nile
2473:River Nile
2423:Al Qadarif
1855:al-Arabiya
1834:25 October
1804:25 October
1675:Al Jazeera
1012:0253332028
814:12 October
788:27 October
598:References
523:: General
437:March 1992
425:overthrown
315:: Colonel
200:soft coups
76:al-Mahgoub
2806:Squatting
2781:Languages
2759:Education
2711:Transport
2675:Companies
2622:President
2572:Elections
2516:Districts
2428:Blue Nile
2326:Volcanoes
2316:Mountains
2294:Geography
2248:2019 coup
2218:1989 coup
2203:1985 coup
2178:1969 coup
2173:1958 coup
1761:0261-3077
1700:Suna-News
1348:Aljazeera
1039:0362-4331
955:24 August
924:0043-9134
850:257268269
682:0190-8286
252:June 1957
189:self coup
164:2021 coup
141:2019 coup
137:1989 coup
133:al-Bashir
115:1989 coup
98:1985 coup
72:1969 coup
2936:Category
2861:Clothing
2796:Religion
2791:Refugees
2742:Polygamy
2737:Marriage
2701:Taxation
2602:Military
2592:Islamism
2535:Politics
2463:Northern
2448:Khartoum
2371:Reptiles
2331:Wildlife
2146:Mahdiyya
2131:Medieval
2116:Timeline
1892:Archived
1887:Barron's
1860:Archived
1828:Archived
1798:Archived
1771:16 April
1765:Archived
1649:BBC News
1603:12 April
1432:8 August
1407:8 August
1380:8 August
1354:8 August
1328:8 August
1301:8 August
1228:18 March
1202:18 March
1176:19 March
1151:19 March
1065:سودانايل
932:40393412
885:سودانايل
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465:Khartoum
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2725:Society
2663:Banking
2646:Economy
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2468:Red Sea
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2341:Mammals
2306:Geology
2156:History
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1866:23 June
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2871:Flag
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1121:ISBN
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