751:
328:
904:
5016:
870:
5027:
2507:
882:
5067:
851:
5047:
48:
5057:
5037:
5004:
923:
766:
The most popular drink is tap or bottled water, traditionally offered free of charge for anyone in large clay pots in the streets. Strong coffee, sometimes served in
Sudanese coffee pots called
829:. Since then, the purveying, consumption, and purchasing of alcohol has been banned in Sudan. Being lashed 40 times is the penalty for breaking the prohibition on alcohol. Nevertheless,
1439:
839:, continued to be illegally brewed in defiance of sharia. In 2019, the Transitional Government passed a new law, allowing alcoholic beverages for non-Muslims.
1649:
1562:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1900:
342:. Many Sudanese foods have been around for thousands of years. The most common meats eaten are lamb and chicken, in accordance with the Muslim
750:
1075:
774:, and black tea, often with milk, are also popular. These are sold in the streets by "tea ladies". Especially on hot days, traditional cold
1922:
903:
4730:
1937:
1444:
1377:
4856:
1639:
792:
Historically, Sudan was one of the few predominantly Muslim countries that allowed traditional and
Western alcoholic drinks. Men drank
314:
2792:
2110:
1552:
491:
Turkish cuisine has also influenced
Sudanese cuisine, giving it a distinct flavor. Turkish foods found in Sudanese cuisine include
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1207:
1815:
1644:
1537:
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1581:
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1157:
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is greatly affected by the historical cross-cultural influences of Arab, Nubian, Egyptian, Turkish, and
Levantine cuisine in
249:
5060:
1868:
1601:
1848:
1360:
4428:
2543:
531:(including the lungs, liver, and stomach), onions, peanut butter, and salt. They are eaten raw. A peanut salad called
4530:
1853:
1542:
1149:
346:
laws. Most meals are communal and often shared with family, neighbors, and guests, as part of
Sudanese hospitality.
4820:
2620:
2608:
2063:
1449:
1220:
254:
1912:
1689:
1634:
5096:
2879:
1292:
1287:
507:. Levantine and Egyptian sweets also entered Sudanese cuisine and are known as oriental (or Levantine) sweets.
307:
66:
4705:
4690:
3256:
2103:
1654:
327:
4710:
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3142:
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881:
87:
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4740:
4725:
4662:
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2444:
1674:
1370:
1200:
4805:
4715:
4354:
4324:
3112:
1833:
1684:
1408:
1365:
1350:
810:. In the 20th century, some Sudanese were influenced by Europeans and began drinking whiskey and beer.
998:
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4334:
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2667:
1932:
1738:
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1243:
869:
300:
71:
5040:
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4755:
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4443:
4411:
4344:
4339:
4319:
3251:
2662:
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2510:
2487:
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2096:
1958:
1728:
1664:
1567:
1496:
1334:
1317:
936:
286:
183:
160:
95:
1175:
1083:
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4478:
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4231:
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2398:
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1608:
1403:
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2153:
8:
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108:
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1302:
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1145:
659:. Powdered kawal is also used as a condiment similar to black pepper in urban Sudan.
125:
19:
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2148:
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58:
38:
1024:
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1944:
1825:
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1484:
1355:
1282:
1265:
1180:
217:
5050:
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1110:
1050:
4909:
4846:
4815:
4775:
4545:
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4396:
4381:
4304:
4299:
4236:
4134:
4067:
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4027:
3960:
3905:
3895:
3850:
3755:
3698:
3668:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3505:
3470:
3460:
3413:
3363:
3323:
3303:
3298:
3241:
3226:
3184:
3162:
3085:
3048:
2722:
2682:
2652:
2434:
2429:
2358:
2283:
2268:
2253:
2021:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1591:
1469:
974:
818:
204:
174:
133:
29:
5085:
4942:
4863:
4795:
4695:
4520:
4510:
4438:
4309:
4211:
4144:
4129:
3965:
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3860:
3582:
3532:
3527:
3465:
3418:
3236:
3117:
3080:
3070:
2934:
2864:
2797:
2709:
2615:
2143:
2077:
1838:
1522:
955:
805:
276:
464:, a meat liver stew eaten in Sudan, Egypt and Tunisia; and desserts such as
440:), which is made with chickpeas in Sudan instead of fava beans as in Egypt;
5020:
4957:
4765:
4272:
4267:
4161:
3940:
3480:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3333:
2424:
1863:
1479:
894:
836:
775:
739:
735:
652:
576:
5008:
4640:
4433:
3673:
1858:
1775:
1489:
1474:
928:
793:
715:
566:
443:
1510:
826:
626:
451:
390:
4841:
4262:
711:
4932:
1115:
500:
475:
459:
430:
has greatly influenced
Sudanese cuisine. Both share dishes such as
233:
2088:
1185:
374:
4937:
4635:
4555:
2552:
630:
504:
483:
467:
431:
394:
47:
1216:
822:
769:
757:
416:
4947:
4369:
859:
560:
528:
496:
492:
343:
339:
5003:
922:
4981:
4952:
4625:
2521:
725:
689:
592:
4974:
698:
is a stew made from sheep's fat, onions, and dried okra.
1176:
Food of Sudan from the Sudan
Embassy in Washington DC
888:
857:
830:
803:
797:
779:
767:
755:
729:
719:
705:
699:
693:
683:
677:
671:
664:
646:
640:
639:—made of dried meats, onions and dried okra (crushed
634:
620:
614:
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552:
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522:
516:
481:
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384:
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362:
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350:
918:
570:
558:
473:
465:
449:
441:
825:, marking the occasion by dumping alcohol into the
1144:(Ebiz Guides). Madrid: MTH Multimedia S.L., 2005.
5083:
1111:"Sudan's date-gin brewers thrive despite Sharia"
802:(an alcoholic drink from fermented dates), and
651:. In rural Western Sudan, fermented foods like
633:. Sometimes seasoned meats are used such as in
1104:
1102:
1100:
2537:
2104:
1201:
448:, the national dish of both Sudan and Egypt;
308:
1097:
557:, a red mincemeat sauce that is eaten with
2544:
2530:
2111:
2097:
1208:
1194:
415:), a fermented bread similar to Ethiopian
315:
301:
969:
967:
965:
963:
373:)—a thin pancake-like bread similar to a
749:
613:is sometimes used as a seasoning in the
456:, a thick soup made from boiled leaves;
326:
1181:Sudanese recipes from a missionary trip
1108:
1048:
999:"And in Sudan, A Famished Food Culture"
5084:
1076:"Sudan: Hearts, Minds and Helicopters"
960:
787:
607:a sticky yet flavorful texture. Dried
488:, a soft white cheese, is also eaten.
4731:Historical North Indian and Pakistani
2525:
2092:
1189:
527:, which are dishes made from sheep's
5036:
1022:
909:A young woman cooking in South Sudan
5056:
2118:
1215:
13:
1134:
591:, special sauce made from crushed
540:
14:
5113:
1854:Confederation of African Football
1164:
688:(a Sudanese spice mix) and dried
655:serve as substitutes for meat in
5065:
5055:
5045:
5035:
5026:
5025:
5014:
5002:
2506:
2505:
2189:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1109:Fleming, Lucy (April 29, 2010).
921:
902:
880:
868:
849:
46:
5066:
704:is made from dried meat, while
625:will have either meat or other
4721:Historical Indian subcontinent
1068:
1049:DeMaria, David (17 May 2017).
1042:
1016:
991:
949:
601:, a spice mix that gives some
565:, a dish consisting of boiled
377:—are eaten with savory stews (
1:
942:
835:, an alcoholic gin made from
510:
422:
2551:
2418:Ethnic and regional cuisines
1082:. 1984-01-23. Archived from
817:, former Sudanese President
745:
724:, made from cattle or sheep
710:is made from dried fish. In
645:)—is added to most types of
503:, as well as sweets such as
7:
4905:List of historical cuisines
4741:History of alcoholic drinks
2758:Lowcountry (South Carolina)
1582:International organisations
914:
571:
559:
474:
466:
450:
442:
419:, but thinner and smaller.
10:
5118:
4192:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
1834:Africa Cricket Association
1640:Countries by GDP (nominal)
956:Gibna Bayda (white cheese)
842:
17:
4997:
4925:
4892:
4829:
4661:
4574:
4255:
2708:
2559:
2501:
2480:
2417:
2126:
2050:
1957:
1886:
1849:Australian-rules football
1824:
1766:
1757:
1709:
1702:
1630:
1621:
1518:
1509:
1440:Countries and territories
1435:
1426:
1386:
1343:
1236:
1227:
662:Several stews, including
4811:Scottish royal household
4756:History of vegetarianism
2994:Central African Republic
2488:List of African cuisines
2174:Central African Republic
937:List of African cuisines
331:A woman cooking in Sudan
184:List of Sudanese singers
161:List of Sudanese writers
18:Not to be confused with
1896:Countries by population
1609:United States of Africa
1025:"Red Stew-Mullah Ahmar"
889:
858:
831:
804:
798:
780:
768:
756:
730:
720:
706:
700:
694:
684:
678:
672:
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641:
635:
621:
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609:
603:
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587:
581:
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547:
533:
523:
517:
482:
458:
436:
411:
405:
399:
385:
379:
369:
363:
357:
351:
4736:History of agriculture
2493:List of African dishes
1645:Countries by GDP (PPP)
1587:Pan-African Parliament
1378:Science and technology
763:
332:
5097:North African cuisine
4706:Early modern European
4434:Indigenous Australian
3993:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
2880:Bosnian-Herzegovinian
2339:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
2324:Republic of the Congo
1298:European colonisation
1261:Pre-colonial kingdoms
875:Algazaltain black tea
753:
728:with vegetables, and
330:
139:Christianity in Sudan
4869:Molecular gastronomy
4801:Pre-contact Hawaiian
4711:Historical Argentine
4597:Mangalorean Catholic
2778:Pacific Northwestern
2214:Eswatini (Swaziland)
1869:Stadiums by capacity
1816:World Heritage Sites
1293:European exploration
784:, is made in homes.
569:molded into a ball.
250:World Heritage Sites
4726:Historical Japanese
4561:Transylvanian Saxon
4429:Indigenous American
1553:Freedom of religion
1538:Heads of government
1330:Scramble for Africa
1160:; pp. 203–205.
1086:on October 29, 2010
788:Alcoholic beverages
585:will sometimes use
545:A popular Sudanese
177:and performing arts
4806:Korean royal court
4751:History of seafood
4716:Historical Chinese
4691:Antebellum America
4531:Pennsylvania Dutch
3143:Equatorial Guinean
3113:Dominican Republic
1278:Indian Ocean trade
1051:"A Taste of Sudan"
856:A woman preparing
764:
333:
5079:
5078:
4821:Thirteen Colonies
4681:Ancient Israelite
3881:Papua New Guinean
2679:Intercontinental
2519:
2518:
2204:Equatorial Guinea
2127:National cuisines
2086:
2085:
1953:
1952:
1882:
1881:
1698:
1697:
1675:Natural resources
1617:
1616:
1563:Linguistic rights
1505:
1504:
1422:
1421:
1158:978-84-933978-4-5
1140:Susannah Wright.
718:), soups include
551:(savory stew) is
403:). There is also
325:
324:
20:Sundanese cuisine
5109:
5092:Sudanese cuisine
5069:
5068:
5059:
5058:
5049:
5039:
5038:
5029:
5028:
5021:Drink portal
5019:
5018:
5017:
5007:
5006:
4987:Meal preparation
4900:List of cuisines
4746:History of bread
4671:Ancient Egyptian
4648:Ritual slaughter
4506:Louisiana Creole
4444:Italian American
4263:African American
3252:Greek Macedonian
2546:
2539:
2532:
2523:
2522:
2509:
2508:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2090:
2089:
2066:
2059:
1844:Afro-Asian Games
1764:
1763:
1707:
1706:
1685:Renewable energy
1650:Countries by HDI
1628:
1627:
1516:
1515:
1433:
1432:
1234:
1233:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1187:
1186:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1106:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1029:Sudanese Kitchen
1023:Eltigani, Omer.
1020:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
995:
989:
988:
986:
985:
979:Embassy of Sudan
971:
958:
953:
931:
926:
925:
906:
892:
884:
872:
863:
853:
834:
809:
801:
783:
773:
761:
733:
723:
709:
703:
697:
687:
681:
675:
668:
650:
644:
638:
624:
619:. Most Sudanese
618:
612:
606:
600:
590:
584:
575:is eaten across
574:
564:
556:
550:
536:
526:
520:
487:
479:
471:
463:
455:
447:
439:
428:Egyptian cuisine
414:
408:
402:
388:
382:
372:
366:
360:
354:
336:Sudanese cuisine
317:
310:
303:
67:Economic history
50:
41:
39:Culture of Sudan
25:
24:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5075:
5015:
5013:
5009:Food portal
5001:
4993:
4921:
4888:
4825:
4657:
4570:
4278:Arab-Indonesian
4251:
4232:Western Saharan
3704:Liechtensteiner
3269:Guinea-Bissauan
2905:Channel Islands
2793:Southwestern US
2713:
2704:
2555:
2550:
2520:
2515:
2497:
2476:
2413:
2122:
2120:African cuisine
2117:
2087:
2082:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2046:
1949:
1945:Youth in Africa
1923:Life expectancy
1878:
1820:
1796:Africanfuturism
1753:
1694:
1690:Stock exchanges
1613:
1501:
1460:Natural history
1418:
1382:
1339:
1288:Muslim conquest
1283:Bantu expansion
1223:
1214:
1167:
1137:
1135:Further reading
1132:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1087:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1059:
1057:
1047:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1021:
1017:
1008:
1006:
997:
996:
992:
983:
981:
975:"Sudanese food"
973:
972:
961:
954:
950:
945:
927:
920:
917:
910:
907:
898:
885:
876:
873:
864:
854:
845:
790:
748:
636:mullah sharmout
543:
541:Soups and stews
537:is also eaten.
513:
425:
349:Breads such as
321:
292:
291:
287:National anthem
272:
271:
262:
261:
245:
244:
228:
227:
208:
207:
196:
195:
179:
178:
166:
165:
156:
155:
144:
143:
129:
128:
103:
102:
91:
90:
79:
78:
62:
61:
37:
23:
12:
11:
5:
5115:
5105:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5063:
5053:
5043:
5033:
5023:
5011:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4989:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4910:Lists of foods
4907:
4902:
4896:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4844:
4839:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4667:
4665:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4644:
4643:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4611:
4606:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4584:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4394:
4389:
4387:Greek-American
4384:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4270:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4018:Sierra Leonean
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3202:
3200:French Guianan
3197:
3192:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2920:Northern Irish
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2719:
2717:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2698:Middle Eastern
2695:
2690:
2688:Latin American
2685:
2677:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2526:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2399:Western Sahara
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2116:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2093:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2068:
2067:
2060:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1892:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1874:Tour d'Afrique
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1729:Climate change
1726:
1721:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Infrastructure
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1594:
1592:Pan-Africanism
1589:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1568:Women's rights
1565:
1560:
1555:
1545:
1543:Heads of state
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1450:Impact craters
1447:
1445:Highest points
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1363:
1361:Historiography
1358:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1335:Decolonisation
1332:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1258:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1240:
1238:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1213:
1212:
1205:
1198:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1171:Sudan Cookbook
1166:
1165:External links
1163:
1162:
1161:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1096:
1067:
1041:
1015:
1003:The Third Rail
990:
959:
947:
946:
944:
941:
940:
939:
933:
932:
916:
913:
912:
911:
908:
901:
899:
886:
879:
877:
874:
867:
865:
855:
848:
844:
841:
819:Gaafar Nimeiry
815:September 1983
789:
786:
747:
744:
742:, and spices.
731:elmussalammiya
542:
539:
515:Meals include
512:
509:
424:
421:
323:
322:
320:
319:
312:
305:
297:
294:
293:
290:
289:
284:
279:
273:
269:
268:
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264:
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260:
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230:
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220:
215:
209:
203:
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201:
198:
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186:
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173:
172:
171:
168:
167:
164:
163:
157:
151:
150:
149:
146:
145:
142:
141:
136:
134:Islam in Sudan
130:
124:
123:
122:
119:
118:
112:
111:
105:
104:
101:
100:
92:
86:
85:
84:
81:
80:
77:
76:
69:
63:
57:
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55:
52:
51:
43:
42:
34:
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5114:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5072:
5064:
5062:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5044:
5042:
5034:
5032:
5024:
5022:
5012:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4999:
4996:
4988:
4985:
4984:
4983:
4980:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4971:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4943:Culinary arts
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4924:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4853:
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4834:
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4828:
4822:
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4802:
4799:
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4779:
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4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
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4744:
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4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
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4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4686:Ancient Roman
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4676:Ancient Greek
4674:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4592:Goan Catholic
4590:
4589:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4573:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
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4529:
4527:
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4522:
4519:
4517:
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4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
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4472:
4470:
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4457:
4455:
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4451:
4450:
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4440:
4437:
4435:
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4427:
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4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4377:Crimean Tatar
4375:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
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4328:
4326:
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4321:
4318:
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4308:
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4180:
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4148:
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4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
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4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
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4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4043:South African
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3998:Saudi Arabian
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
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3934:
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3919:
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3912:
3909:
3907:
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3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
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3834:
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3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
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3789:
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3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
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3737:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
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3715:
3714:Luxembourgish
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
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3697:
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3692:
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3405:
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3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
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3377:
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3369:Maharashtrian
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
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3329:Chhattisgarhi
3327:
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3307:
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3141:
3139:
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3126:
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3123:East Timorese
3121:
3119:
3116:
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3109:
3106:
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3097:
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2779:
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2764:
2763:Midwestern US
2761:
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2736:
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2726:
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2707:
2699:
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2694:
2693:Mediterranean
2691:
2689:
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2678:
2676:
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2669:
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2500:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2462:Mediterranean
2460:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
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2436:
2433:
2431:
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2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2244:Guinea-Bissau
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
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2207:
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2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2109:
2107:
2102:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1913:Ethnic groups
1911:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1872:
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1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1839:African Games
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
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1750:
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1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:Caste systems
1722:
1720:
1719:Birth control
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1691:
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1635:Central banks
1633:
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1610:
1607:
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1549:
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1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1523:African Union
1521:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
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1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1323:Trans-Saharan
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
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1211:
1206:
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1199:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1150:84-933978-4-9
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1071:
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1026:
1019:
1004:
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980:
976:
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968:
966:
964:
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948:
938:
935:
934:
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919:
905:
900:
896:
891:
883:
878:
871:
866:
862:
861:
852:
847:
846:
840:
838:
833:
828:
824:
820:
816:
811:
808:
807:
800:
795:
785:
782:
777:
772:
771:
760:
759:
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743:
741:
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732:
727:
722:
717:
713:
708:
702:
696:
691:
686:
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674:
669:
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660:
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637:
632:
628:
623:
617:
611:
605:
599:
594:
589:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
562:
555:
549:
538:
535:
534:salatat dakwa
530:
525:
519:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
486:
485:
478:
477:
470:
469:
462:
461:
454:
453:
446:
445:
438:
433:
429:
420:
418:
413:
407:
401:
396:
392:
387:
381:
376:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
345:
341:
337:
329:
318:
313:
311:
306:
304:
299:
298:
296:
295:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
274:
266:
265:
258:
257:
253:
251:
248:
247:
239:
238:
235:
232:
231:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
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206:
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199:
192:
191:
187:
185:
182:
181:
176:
170:
169:
162:
159:
158:
154:
148:
147:
140:
137:
135:
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131:
127:
121:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
106:
99:
98:
94:
93:
89:
83:
82:
75:
74:
70:
68:
65:
64:
60:
54:
53:
49:
45:
44:
40:
36:
35:
31:
27:
26:
21:
16:
5102:Arab cuisine
4874:Note by Note
4852:New American
4541:Pontic Greek
4422:South Indian
4417:North Indian
4114:
4088:Extremaduran
3978:Saint Lucian
3652:South Korean
3647:North Korean
3511:Palembangese
3439:Uttarakhandi
2925:Saint Helena
2915:Gibraltarian
2783:Puerto Rican
2467:West African
2373:
2364:South Africa
2354:Sierra Leone
2334:Saint Helena
2154:Burkina Faso
1928:Urbanization
1888:Demographics
1864:Rugby Africa
1771:Architecture
1655:Billionaires
1548:Human rights
1318:Indian Ocean
1249:North Africa
1141:
1120:. Retrieved
1114:
1088:. Retrieved
1084:the original
1079:
1070:
1060:15 September
1058:. Retrieved
1055:Arab America
1054:
1044:
1034:15 September
1032:. Retrieved
1028:
1018:
1007:. Retrieved
1005:. 2018-06-04
1002:
993:
982:. Retrieved
978:
951:
895:hibiscus tea
812:
791:
776:hibiscus tea
765:
734:, made from
663:
661:
656:
577:North Africa
554:mullah ahmar
544:
514:
490:
426:
348:
335:
334:
282:Coat of arms
255:
189:
115:
96:
72:
15:
5061:WikiProject
4641:Kosher food
4023:Singaporean
4013:Seychellois
3988:Sammarinese
3871:Palestinian
3831:New Zealand
3801:Montenegrin
3771:Mauritanian
3766:Marshallese
3578:Piedmontese
3506:Minangkabau
3476:Gorontalese
3257:Heptanesean
3173:Kapampangan
3096:Greenlandic
2972:Cameroonian
2840:Bangladeshi
2830:Azerbaijani
2788:Southern US
2773:New Mexican
2768:New English
2743:Californian
2560:Continental
2369:South Sudan
2249:Ivory Coast
1938:urban areas
1859:FIBA Africa
1558:LGBT rights
1256:Archaeology
929:Food portal
794:millet wine
716:South Sudan
567:wheat flour
484:Jibna bayda
444:ful medames
383:), cheese (
358:aish baladi
223:Photography
5086:Categories
4884:Vegetarian
4663:Historical
4407:Indonesian
4355:Indonesian
4325:Australian
4247:Zimbabwean
4227:Vietnamese
4222:Venezuelan
4110:Sri Lankan
4078:Cantabrian
4053:Andalusian
4003:Senegalese
3983:Salvadoran
3931:Circassian
3901:Portuguese
3886:Paraguayan
3876:Panamanian
3836:Nicaraguan
3811:Mozambican
3791:Monégasque
3744:Sarawakian
3719:Macedonian
3709:Lithuanian
3573:Neapolitan
3446:Indonesian
3404:Rajasthani
3379:Meghalayan
3354:Jharkhandi
3309:Arunachali
3264:Guatemalan
3195:La RĂ©union
3128:Ecuadorian
3103:Djiboutian
2850:Belarusian
2820:Australian
2748:Floribbean
2349:Seychelles
2304:Mozambique
2289:Mauritania
2274:Madagascar
2169:Cape Verde
1908:Emigration
1811:Philosophy
1791:Literature
1237:Chronology
1090:2013-03-15
1009:2022-02-11
984:2022-08-06
943:References
827:Nile river
762:coffee pot
627:vegetables
511:Appetizers
423:Influences
391:fava beans
213:Television
153:Literature
4963:sociology
4842:Fast food
4837:Classique
4701:Byzantine
4602:Mennonite
4587:Christian
4575:Religious
4536:Peranakan
4484:Sephardic
4469:Ethiopian
4459:Ashkenazi
4412:Malaysian
4365:Pakistani
4360:Malaysian
4335:Cambodian
4285:Aromanian
4217:Vanuatuan
4207:Uruguayan
4202:Ukrainian
4155:Zanzibari
4150:Tanzanian
4140:Taiwanese
4103:Valencian
4098:Manchegan
4033:Slovenian
3946:Mordovian
3866:Pakistani
3856:Norwegian
3796:Mongolian
3776:Mauritian
3751:Maldivian
3734:Malaysian
3627:Jordanian
3588:Sardinian
3548:Abruzzese
3516:Sundanese
3501:Minahasan
3424:Telangana
3409:Sikkimese
3359:Karnataka
3294:Icelandic
3289:Hungarian
3158:Ethiopian
3108:Dominican
3061:Congolese
3056:Colombian
3024:Hong Kong
3019:Cantonese
2987:Québécois
2967:Cambodian
2962:Burundian
2952:Burkinabé
2947:Bulgarian
2900:Anguillia
2890:Brazilian
2870:Bhutanese
2845:Barbadian
2810:Argentine
2631:Levantine
2621:Caucasian
2594:Caribbean
2440:Ethiopian
2294:Mauritius
1744:Languages
1734:Etiquette
1660:Education
1533:Democracy
1528:Elections
1428:Geography
1387:By region
1371:conflicts
1244:Antiquity
778:, called
754:Sudanese
746:Beverages
738:, flour,
712:Equatoria
685:ni'aimiya
518:elmaraara
243:Monuments
109:Languages
5051:Cookbook
5031:Category
4933:Cookbook
4915:Prepared
4879:Nouvelle
4857:Eurasian
4786:Medieval
4582:Buddhist
4516:Ossetian
4501:Livonian
4479:Moroccan
4464:Bukharan
4454:American
4392:Hazaragi
4370:Peruvian
4345:Filipino
4340:Canadian
4320:American
4290:Assyrian
4187:Tuvaluan
4172:Tunisian
4167:Togolese
4115:Sudanese
4093:Galician
4073:Canarian
4063:Balearic
4058:Asturian
3911:Romanian
3891:Peruvian
3846:Nigerian
3826:Nepalese
3816:Namibian
3806:Moroccan
3786:Moldovan
3729:Malawian
3724:Malagasy
3694:Liberian
3684:Lebanese
3620:Okinawan
3615:Japanese
3610:Jamaican
3598:Venetian
3593:Sicilian
3568:Lucanian
3558:Ligurian
3496:Makassar
3491:Madurese
3486:Javanese
3456:Balinese
3451:Acehnese
3374:Manipuri
3349:Kashmiri
3344:Haryanvi
3339:Gujarati
3314:Assamese
3284:Honduran
3247:Epirotic
3232:Ghanaian
3222:Georgian
3212:Gabonese
3190:Corsican
3168:Filipino
3153:Estonian
3148:Eritrean
3133:Egyptian
3066:Croatian
3049:Xinjiang
3034:Shandong
3029:Macanese
2977:Canadian
2942:Bruneian
2930:Scottish
2885:Botswana
2875:Bolivian
2865:Beninese
2860:Belizean
2835:Bahraini
2825:Austrian
2815:Armenian
2753:Hawaiian
2738:American
2733:Algerian
2728:Albanian
2715:regional
2710:National
2675:Oceanian
2648:European
2589:Americas
2553:Cuisines
2511:Category
2472:Zanzibar
2457:Maghrebi
2450:Sephardi
2409:Zimbabwe
2379:Tanzania
2219:Ethiopia
2194:Djibouti
2164:Cameroon
2149:Botswana
2073:Category
1918:HIV/AIDS
1749:Religion
1714:Abortion
1670:Internet
1597:Politics
1573:feminism
1511:Politics
1366:Military
1344:By topic
1308:Atlantic
1271:Sahelian
1221:articles
1116:BBC News
915:See also
890:karkadeh
821:enacted
781:karkadeh
714:(now in
679:sabaroag
673:bussaara
598:niaimiya
579:. Other
501:shawarma
476:basbousa
460:kamounia
452:molokhia
406:gorrassa
126:Religion
30:a series
28:Part of
5071:Outline
5041:Commons
4958:history
4938:Cooking
4926:Related
4796:Peasant
4791:Ottoman
4761:Hittite
4636:Kashrut
4619:Chinese
4614:Islamic
4526:Pashtun
4496:Kurdish
4474:Mizrahi
4402:English
4330:British
4315:Chinese
4295:Balochi
4242:Zambian
4197:Ugandan
4182:Turkmen
4177:Turkish
4125:Swedish
4083:Catalan
4048:Spanish
4008:Serbian
3973:Rwandan
3936:Cossack
3926:Chechen
3921:Bashkir
3916:Russian
3821:Nauruan
3781:Mexican
3761:Maltese
3739:Sabahan
3689:Lesotho
3679:Latvian
3664:Kuwaiti
3659:Kosovan
3605:Ivorian
3563:Lombard
3553:Apulian
3543:Italian
3538:Israeli
3523:Iranian
3429:Tripuri
3399:Punjabi
3319:Bengali
3279:Haitian
3274:Guinean
3217:Gambian
3205:Occitan
3180:Finnish
3138:Emirati
3091:Faroese
3076:Cypriot
3044:Tibetan
3039:Sichuan
3014:Beijing
3009:Chinese
3004:Chilean
2999:Chadian
2982:Acadian
2957:Burmese
2910:English
2895:British
2855:Belgian
2805:Angolan
2663:Eastern
2658:Central
2626:Central
2567:African
2445:Mizrahi
2389:Tunisia
2359:Somalia
2344:Senegal
2319:Nigeria
2309:Namibia
2299:Morocco
2264:Liberia
2259:Lesotho
2209:Eritrea
2184:Comoros
2159:Burundi
2134:Algeria
2057:Outline
1959:By year
1901:density
1786:Cuisine
1759:Culture
1703:Society
1680:Poverty
1623:Economy
1602:parties
1470:Central
1465:Regions
1455:Islands
1394:Central
1356:Empires
1351:Economy
1313:Barbary
1303:Slavery
1266:Empires
1229:History
1122:July 7,
897:) drink
843:Gallery
799:sharbot
657:mullahs
631:legumes
622:mullahs
604:mullahs
582:mullahs
524:umfitit
505:baklava
468:umm ali
432:falafel
395:falafel
270:Symbols
116:Cuisine
59:History
4847:Fusion
4830:Styles
4816:Soviet
4781:Mughal
4776:Muisca
4566:Yup'ik
4556:Tejano
4546:Romani
4489:Syrian
4449:Jewish
4397:Indian
4382:Gagauz
4350:Indian
4305:Buryat
4300:Berber
4256:Ethnic
4237:Yemeni
4135:Syrian
4068:Basque
4038:Somali
4028:Slovak
3961:Udmurt
3906:Qatari
3896:Polish
3851:Niuean
3756:Malian
3699:Libyan
3669:Kyrgyz
3642:Korean
3637:Kenyan
3632:Kazakh
3471:Betawi
3461:Banjar
3414:Sindhi
3364:Kerala
3324:Bihari
3304:Andhra
3299:Indian
3242:Cretan
3227:German
3185:French
3163:Fijian
3086:Danish
2723:Afghan
2683:Global
2653:Balkan
2435:Jewish
2430:Berber
2404:Zambia
2394:Uganda
2329:Rwanda
2279:Malawi
2239:Guinea
2229:Gambia
2139:Angola
2078:Portal
1933:cities
1781:Cinema
1739:Health
1497:Rivers
1219:
1217:Africa
1156:
1148:
823:sharia
770:jabana
758:jabana
726:hooves
721:kawari
707:kajaik
701:Abiyad
682:, use
676:, and
648:mullah
616:mullah
548:mullah
499:, and
493:kebabs
437:tamiya
417:injera
412:gurasa
400:tamiya
393:, and
380:mullah
361:) and
218:Cinema
88:People
32:on the
4948:Drink
4893:Lists
4864:Haute
4771:Mayan
4696:Aztec
4609:Hindu
4521:Parsi
4511:Malay
4439:Inuit
4310:Cajun
4212:Uzbek
4145:Tajik
4130:Swiss
4120:Swazi
3966:Yamal
3956:Tatar
3951:Sakha
3861:Omani
3841:Niger
3583:Roman
3533:Irish
3528:Iraqi
3466:Batak
3419:Tamil
3237:Greek
3118:Dutch
3081:Czech
3071:Cuban
2935:Welsh
2798:Texan
2636:South
2616:Asian
2604:South
2599:North
2572:North
2481:Lists
2374:Sudan
2314:Niger
2269:Libya
2254:Kenya
2234:Ghana
2224:Gabon
2199:Egypt
2144:Benin
2064:Index
1826:Sport
1806:Music
1801:Media
1485:South
1480:North
1409:South
1404:North
1142:Sudan
887:Cold
860:kisra
837:dates
832:araqi
806:araqi
740:dates
736:liver
695:Miris
666:waika
653:kawal
642:waika
610:waika
588:waika
572:Asida
561:asida
529:offal
497:kofta
386:jibna
375:crĂŞpe
370:kasra
364:kisra
352:aisha
344:halal
340:Sudan
234:Sport
205:Media
175:Music
4982:Meal
4970:Diet
4953:Food
4766:Inca
4653:Sikh
4631:Jain
4626:Ital
4551:Sámi
4273:Arab
4268:Ainu
4162:Thai
3941:Komi
3481:Indo
3394:Odia
3389:Naga
3384:Mizo
3334:Goan
2668:list
2641:list
2609:list
2582:list
2577:West
2425:Arab
2384:Togo
2284:Mali
2179:Chad
2042:2020
2037:2019
2032:2018
2027:2017
2022:2016
2017:2015
2012:2014
2007:2013
2002:2012
1997:2011
1992:2010
1987:2009
1982:2008
1977:2007
1972:2006
1967:2005
1490:West
1475:East
1414:West
1399:East
1154:ISBN
1146:ISBN
1124:2016
1080:Time
1062:2022
1036:2022
690:okra
595:and
593:okra
521:and
472:and
409:(or
367:(or
355:(or
277:Flag
256:more
190:more
97:more
73:more
4975:Fat
3674:Lao
2712:and
1776:Art
813:In
629:or
389:),
5088::
1152:,
1113:.
1099:^
1078:.
1053:.
1027:.
1001:.
977:.
962:^
796:,
692:.
670:,
495:,
480:.
2545:e
2538:t
2531:v
2112:e
2105:t
2098:v
1209:e
1202:t
1195:v
1126:.
1093:.
1064:.
1038:.
1012:.
987:.
893:(
434:(
397:(
316:e
309:t
302:v
22:.
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