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770:"The fundamental premises of the school are simple: that all people are curious by nature; that the most efficient, long-lasting, and profound learning takes place when started and pursued by the learner; that all people are creative if they are allowed to develop their unique talents; that age-mixing among students promotes growth in all members of the group; and that freedom is essential to the development of personal responsibility."
846:"Only a few kids seek any help at all when they decide to learn. Each child seems to have their own method. Some learn from being read to, memorizing the stories and then ultimately reading them. Some learn from cereal boxes, others from game instructions, others from street signs. Some teach themselves letter sounds, others syllables, others whole words. To be honest, we rarely know how they do it, and they rarely tell us."
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The educational belief that children are extremely good at (and therefore do not need to be taught) the main behaviors they will need as adults, such as creativity, imagination, alertness, curiosity, thoughtfulness, responsibility, and judgement. What children lack is experience, which can be gained
827:
The free exchange of ideas and free conversation and interplay between people provides broad exposure to areas that may prove relevant and interesting to students. Students are of all mixed ages. The older students learn from younger students and vice versa. The presence of older students provides
877:
Autonomous democracy: parents have limited involvement or no involvement in the school administration; Sudbury schools are run by a democratic school meeting where the students and staff participate exclusively and equally. Such meetings are also the sole authority on hiring and firing of staff,
849:
Sudbury Valley School claims that all of their students have learned to read. While students learn to read at a wide variety of ages, there appears to be no drawback to learning to read later: No one who meets their older students could guess the age at which they first learned to read.
726:
While each
Sudbury Model school operates independently and determines their own policies and procedures, they share a common culture. The intended culture within a Sudbury school has been described with such words as freedom, trust, respect, responsibility and democracy.
719:, one of the founders of the original Sudbury Model school, writes that the two things that distinguish a Sudbury Model school are that everyone is treated equally (adults and children together) and that there is no authority other than that granted by the
785:. School Meeting passes, amends and repeals school rules, manages the school's budget, and decides on hiring and firing of staff. Each individual present—including students and staff—has an equal vote, and most decisions are made by simple majority.
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Age mixing: students are not separated into age-groups of any kind and are allowed to mix freely, interacting with those younger and older than themselves; free age-mixing is emphasized as a powerful tool for learning and development in all
823:
The educational model states that there are many ways to learn and that learning is a process someone does, not a process that is done to him or her; According to the model the presence and guidance of a teacher is not necessary.
835:
Implicitly and explicitly, students are given responsibility for their own education: The only person designing what a student will learn is the student. Exceptions are when a student asks for a particular class or arranges an
870:: There is no curriculum or set of required courses. Instead learner interest guides things, with students studying what they want to study. There are generally no classrooms, just rooms where people choose to congregate.
828:
role models, both positive and negative, for younger students. The pervasiveness of play has led to a recurring observation by first-time visitors to a
Sudbury school that the students appear to be in perpetual "
702:
in which students and staff are equal citizens. Students use their time however they wish, and learn as a by-product of ordinary experience rather than through coursework. There is no predetermined educational
1282:
John Taylor Gatto (2000-2003) The
Underground History of American Education - A Schoolteacher's Intimate Investigation Into The Problem Of Modern Schooling, Chapter Three - Eyeless In Gaza,
820:
The
Sudbury pedagogical philosophy may be summarized as the following: Learning is a natural by-product of all human activity. Learning is self-initiated and self-motivated.
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around the world. Some, though not all, include "Sudbury" in their name. These schools operate as independent entities and are not formally associated in any way.
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belief that having full democratic rights in childhood is the best way to become an adult who is comfortable functioning within a democracy.
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Reading is treated the same as any other subject: Students learn to read when they choose, or simply by going about their lives.
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Rowe, Claudia (2002-02-20). "In
Woodstock, a nonschool with nonteachers (Hudson Valley Sudbury School, Woodstock, New York)".
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1162:"Self-governed, Sudbury Valley School begins in Massachusetts in History of Education: Selected Moments of the 20th Century"
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Peramas, Mary (Winter 2007). "The
Sudbury School and Influences of Psychoanalytic Theory on Student-Controlled Education".
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by Dan
Greenberg in The Sudbury Valley School Experience, 3rd ed. (Sudbury Valley School Press; Framingham, 1992), p. 81ff
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All aspects of governing a
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1211:"Why We Should Stop Segregating Children by Age: Part I--The Value of Play in the Zone of Proximal Development"
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The model differs in some ways from other types of democratic schools and
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The Moral
Behavior of Children and Adolescents at a Democratic School
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Schools for Growth: Radical
Alternatives To Current Education Models
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2015 University of Amsterdam Bungehuis and Maagdenhuis Occupations
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1139:. United Kingdom: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. pp. 97–99.
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of law. There are usually rules requiring an investigation, a
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The Kingdom of Childhood: Growing Up at Sudbury Valley School
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Greenberg, D. (1987) The Sudbury Valley School Experience
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more than 60 schools that identify themselves with Sudbury
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Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development
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A Nation of Wimps: The High Cost of Invasive Parenting
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711:or standardized instruction. This is a form of
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1251:Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School Press
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284:Third World Liberation Front strikes of 1968
142:2014 Hong Kong student protest for democracy
223:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
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1331:. The National Honor Society in Psychology
1167:Ontario Institute for Studies in Education
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1077:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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335:1964-65 U.C. Berkeley Free Speech Movement
100:Mahatma Gandhi Central University protests
1061:American Educational Research Association
988:Mimsy Sadofsky; Daniel Greenberg (1994).
976:The Birth of a New Paradigm for Education
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290:1968 student demonstrations in Yugoslavia
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564:Students for a Democratic Society (2006)
559:Students for a Democratic Society (1960)
330:1965 Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu
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1027:. Worcester, Massachusetts. 1992-04-19.
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730:The name "Sudbury" originates from the
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759:if adults guide students in open ways.
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966:, Sudbury Valley School Press, pp5-14
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694:is a type of school, usually for the
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173:2010 University of Puerto Rico Strike
158:2013 Bangladesh quota reform movement
82:2018 Bangladesh quota reform movement
57:2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement
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2184:Ancient higher-learning institutions
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279:1968–69 Japanese university protests
122:2015 University of Missouri protests
87:2018 Bangladesh road safety protests
1254:. The Sudbury Valley School Press.
994:. The Sudbury Valley School Press.
862:, but there are many similarities:
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24:
1023:"Students revel in free-for-all".
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137:2014 Jadavpur University protests
62:2021 Boğaziçi University protests
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1248:Daniel Greenberg (1 June 1995).
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127:2015 Bangladesh student protests
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1295:. Retrieved, December 27, 2009.
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1233:"Will they ever learn to read?"
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1196:. Retrieved, December 27, 2009.
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943:. Sudbury Valley School Press.
360:1229 University of Paris strike
345:1956 Bucharest student movement
208:July 1999 Iran student protests
67:2021 Columbia University strike
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916:Exemplars of curriculum theory
854:Comparison with related models
754:Sudbury schools are based on:
233:1980 student protests in Kabul
193:2006 student protests in Chile
168:2011 student protests in Chile
13:
1:
1160:Schugurensky, Daniel (2003).
1092:Marano, Hara Estroff (2008).
894:
549:RMIT University Student Union
501:School district drug policies
198:2006 student uprising in Iran
1590:University technical college
408:Minimally invasive education
218:1996 Quebec student protests
213:1996–1997 protests in Serbia
203:2005 Quebec student protests
163:2012 Quebec student protests
27:Type of democratic education
7:
1235:Sudbury Valley School Blog.
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486:Ordinance of Student Rights
476:Censorship of student media
250:Athens Polytechnic uprising
238:1978 "Ali Must Go" protests
153:2014 Iguala mass kidnapping
10:
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1519:College-preparatory school
1059:. Paper presented at 82nd
939:Greenberg, Daniel (2016).
878:unlike most other schools.
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1349:Gross, Steven J. (2004).
1285:The Sudbury Valley School
1231:Jennifer Harnish (2015).
914:Ellis, Arthur K. (2004).
736:Framingham, Massachusetts
511:School-to-prison pipeline
77:School strike for climate
1886:State-integrated school
1760:By funding / eligibility
1539:Continuation high school
569:Student Press Law Center
534:European Students' Union
428:Student-centred learning
350:Września children strike
306:Mexican Movement of 1968
178:2010 UK student protests
110:2017 Jallikattu protests
105:2017–18 Iranian protests
2299:Educational institution
1919:Anarchistic free school
1665:Institute of technology
889:List of Sudbury schools
721:consent of the governed
574:Worker Student Alliance
383:Anarchistic free school
317:1968 protests in Poland
263:Huelga schools, Houston
188:2007 Dutch pupil strike
2129:Compensatory education
1881:State or public school
1707:Upper division college
1025:Telegram & Gazette
808:, and allowing for an
740:Sudbury, Massachusetts
423:Student bill of rights
265: – United States
2360:Alternative education
1785:Comprehensive school
1712:Vocational university
1171:University of Toronto
1053:Feldman, Jay (2001).
734:, founded in 1968 in
732:Sudbury Valley School
622:LGBT student movement
2248:in the United States
2139:Continuing education
2134:Compulsory education
1978:Free school movement
1946:Single-sex education
1931:International school
1914:Democratic education
1793:For-profit education
1780:Community day school
1675:Liberal arts college
1534:Comprehensive school
1524:Collegiate institute
918:. Eye on Education.
713:democratic education
481:Compulsory education
388:Democratic education
378:Authentic assessment
2257:Informal or illegal
2211:Medieval university
2154:Inclusive education
2124:College preparatory
1685:Residential college
1680:Research university
1617:Professional school
1492:/ Elementary school
1307:Essays in Education
964:The 2002 Collection
372:Concepts and theory
269:1970 Student Strike
228:1989 Anti-SAP riots
93:March for Our Lives
35:the Politics series
2319:Schools portal
2224:indigenous peoples
2221:Schools imposed on
2159:Remedial education
2093:Distance education
1909:Alternative school
1898:By style / purpose
1873:Specialist school
1732:All-through school
1580:Sixth form college
1291:2010-01-02 at the
1213:. Psychology Today
1040:The New York Times
750:Underlying beliefs
652:Society portal
471:Alternative school
393:Democratic schools
340:1960 Anpo protests
323:East L.A. walkouts
295:May 1968 uprisings
72:2020 Thai protests
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1357:. United States:
1261:978-1-888947-00-7
1115:978-0-7679-2403-0
1001:978-1-888947-02-1
950:978-1-888947-26-7
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1394:
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1371:
1341:
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1297:
1275:
1260:
1237:
1224:
1209:(2008-09-09).
1198:
1193:Back to Basics
1183:
1152:
1145:
1121:
1114:
1084:
1045:
1030:
1015:
1000:
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968:
956:
949:
931:
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896:
893:
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891:
884:
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875:
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855:
852:
838:apprenticeship
817:
814:
775:
772:
768:
767:
764:sociopolitical
760:
751:
748:
692:Sudbury school
686:
685:
683:
682:
675:
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639:
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629:
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541:
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527:
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523:
522:
519:
518:
516:Zero tolerance
513:
508:
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498:
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488:
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467:
464:
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413:Sudbury school
410:
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248:November 1973
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119:
116:Fees Must Fall
112:
107:
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96:
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84:
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2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2109:
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2101:
2099:
2098:Homeschooling
2096:
2094:
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2074:
2060:
2057:
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2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:Bible college
2022:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1936:Magnet school
1934:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1903:
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1896:
1890:
1888:(New Zealand)
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
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1851:international
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1738:
1737:Middle school
1735:
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1596:
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1586:
1585:Studio school
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:/ High school
1575:
1572:
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1562:
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1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1514:Cadet college
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1485:Junior school
1483:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1473:Infant school
1471:
1469:
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1457:
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1387:
1384:
1374:
1372:0-87120-973-X
1368:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1354:
1353:Promises Kept
1345:
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1195:
1194:
1187:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1156:
1148:
1146:0-8058-2357-3
1142:
1138:
1134:
1133:Holzman, Lois
1128:
1126:
1117:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1088:
1080:
1074:
1066:
1062:
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992:
984:
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960:
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946:
942:
935:
927:
925:1-930556-70-5
921:
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633:
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623:
620:
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613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
602:Animal rights
600:
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572:
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562:
560:
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537:
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531:
528:Organizations
525:
524:
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514:
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506:School speech
504:
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489:
487:
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469:
468:
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454:
451:
449:
448:Student voice
446:
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429:
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419:
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307:
304:
303:
302:
301:
296:
293:
291:
288:
285:
282:
280:
277:
276:
275:
274:1968 Protests
272:
270:
267:
264:
260:
258:– Philippines
257:
253:
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247:
245:
241:
239:
236:
234:
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219:
216:
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75:
73:
70:
68:
65:
63:
60:
58:
55:
54:
48:
47:
44:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
18:Sudbury model
2365:School types
1956:Vocal school
1941:Music school
1923:
1803:Free school
1747:Ranch school
1595:Upper school
1564:Maths school
1468:First school
1450:Kindergarten
1352:
1344:
1333:. Retrieved
1319:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1284:
1278:
1265:. Retrieved
1250:
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1201:
1192:
1186:
1175:. Retrieved
1165:
1155:
1136:
1102:Random House
1095:
1087:
1055:
1048:
1039:
1033:
1024:
1018:
1005:. Retrieved
990:
983:
971:
959:
940:
934:
915:
860:free schools
857:
848:
845:
842:
834:
826:
822:
819:
787:
783:town meeting
777:
769:
753:
729:
725:
691:
689:
632:Youth rights
617:Labor rights
438:Student riot
412:
2076:By location
1966:Progressive
1868:Sink school
1837:University
1826:preparatory
1554:Hauptschule
1325:Gray, Peter
1207:Gray, Peter
794:due process
790:code of law
780:New England
607:Anti-racism
544:Rouge Forum
453:Unschooling
2354:Categories
2264:in Ireland
2173:Historical
2088:Day school
1700:Collegiate
1695:University
1361:. p.
1335:2009-07-25
1313:: 119(15).
1217:2009-10-25
1177:2009-08-31
1104:. p.
895:References
709:curriculum
554:Scholarism
261:1970-1972
2269:in Greece
2233:in Canada
2012:Religious
1811:Institute
1805:(England)
1787:(British)
1769:(England)
1549:Gymnasium
1501:Secondary
1440:Preschool
1073:cite book
1063:Meeting.
627:Socialism
584:PUP SPEAK
2329:Category
2117:By scope
2044:Gurukula
1767:Academy
1725:Combined
1690:Seminary
1605:Tertiary
1289:Archived
1135:(1997).
883:See also
816:Learning
806:sentence
705:syllabus
612:Feminism
242:1976-77
98:2017–18
33:Part of
2339:Commons
2059:Yeshiva
2054:Madrasa
1841:private
1650:College
1645:Academy
1460:Primary
1065:Seattle
1013:, p. xv
868:classes
798:hearing
738:, near
596:Related
51:History
2194:Lyceum
1846:public
1831:public
1637:Higher
1559:Lyceum
1413:School
1369:
1273:, p34
1258:
1143:
1112:
998:
947:
922:
830:recess
810:appeal
465:Issues
114:2015 "
91:2018 "
1415:types
1267:1 May
1007:1 May
874:ages.
802:trial
321:1968
254:1971
146:2014
2294:K–12
1367:ISBN
1269:2013
1256:ISBN
1141:ISBN
1110:ISBN
1079:link
1009:2013
996:ISBN
945:ISBN
920:ISBN
804:, a
800:, a
762:The
696:K-12
1421:By
1363:140
1106:237
832:".
715:.
2356::
1365:.
1327:.
1311:19
1309:.
1240:^
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1164:.
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1081:)
1067:.
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