74:
2362:
2254:"The nomenclatural types of the orders Acholeplasmatales, Halanaerobiales, Halobacteriales, Methanobacteriales, Methanococcales, Methanomicrobiales, Planctomycetales, Prochlorales, Sulfolobales, Thermococcales, Thermoproteales and Verrucomicrobiales are the genera Acholeplasma, Halanaerobium, Halobacterium, Methanobacterium, Methanococcus, Methanomicrobium, Planctomyces, Prochloron, Sulfolobus, Thermococcus, Thermoproteus and Verrucomicrobium, respectively. Opinion 79"
1422:
lysed after the induction of
Fuselloviridae production and eventually return to the lysogenic state. They are also unique in the sense that the genes encoding the structural proteins of the virus are constantly transcribed and DNA replication appears to be induced. The viruses infecting archaea like Sulfolobus have to use a strategy to escape prolonged direct exposure to the type of environment their host lives in, which may explain some of their unique properties.
44:
1859:
Kawarabayasi, Y; Hino, Y; Horikawa, H; Jin-no, K; Takahashi, M; Sekine, M; Baba, S; Ankai, A; Kosugi, H; Hosoyama, A; Fukui, S; Nagai, Y; Nishijima, K; Otsuka, R; Nakazawa, H; Takamiya, M; Kato, Y; Yoshizawa, T; Tanaka, T; Kudoh, Y; Yamazaki, J; Kushida, N; Oguchi, A; Aoki, K; Masuda, S; Yanagii, M;
1300:
to the DNA damaging agents UV-irradiation, bleomycin or mitomycin C induced cellular aggregation. Other physical stressors, such as pH or temperature shift, did not induce aggregation, suggesting that induction of aggregation is caused specifically by DNA damage. Ajon et al. showed that UV-induced
1214:
can grow either lithoautotrophically by oxidizing sulfur, or chemoheterotrophically using sulfur to oxidize simple reduced carbon compounds. Heterotrophic growth has only been observed, however, in the presence of oxygen. The principle metabolic pathways are a glycolytic pathway, a pentose phosphate
388:
were identified. It showed that both species contained two origins in their genome. This was the first time that more than a single origin of DNA replication had been shown to be used in a prokaryotic cell. The mechanism of DNA replication in archaea is evolutionary conserved, and similar to that of
1421:
as protection against the harsh elements. This relationship allows the virus to replicate inside the archaea without being destroyed by the environment. The
Sulfolobus viruses are temperate or permanent lysogens. Permanent lysogens differ from lysogenic bacteriophages in that the host cells are not
1189:
has a circular chromosome as well but is slightly smaller with 2,694,756 bp. Both species lack the genes ftsZ and minD, which has been characteristic of sequenced
Crenarchaeota. They also code for citrate synthase and two subunits of 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, which plays the same role as
1198:
has a TCA cycle system similar to that found in mitochondria of eukaryotes. Other genes in the respiratory chain which partake in the production of ATP were not similar to what is found in eukaryotes. Cytochrome c is one such example that plays an important role in electron transfer to oxygen in
393:
is now used as a model to study the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication in
Archaea. And because the system of DNA replication in Archaea is much simpler than that in Eukaryota, it was suggested that Archaea could be used as a model to study the much more complex DNA replication in Eukaryota.
1218:
All
Archaea have lipids with ether links between the head group and side chains, making the lipids more resistant to heat and acidity than bacterial and eukaryotic ester-linked lipids. The Sulfolobales are known for unusual tetraether lipids. In Sulfolobales, the ether-linked lipids are joined
1799:
She, Q; Singh, RK; Confalonieri, F; Zivanovic, Y; Allard, G; Awayez, MJ; Chan-Weiher, CC; Clausen, IG; Curtis, BA; De Moors, A; Erauso, G; Fletcher, C; Gordon, PM; Heikamp-de Jong, I; Jeffries, AC; Kozera, CJ; Medina, N; Peng, X; Thi-Ngoc, HP; Redder, P; Schenk, ME; Theriault, C; Tolstrup, N;
1280:. Sediments from ~90m below the seafloor on the Peruvian continental margin are dominated by intact archaeal tetraethers, and a significant fraction of the community is sedimentary archaea taxonomically linked to the crenarchaeal Sulfolobales (Sturt,
375:
P2, was published. In P2's genome, the genes related to chromosome replication were likewise found to be more related to those in eukaryotes. These genes include DNA polymerase, primase (including two subunits), MCM, CDC6/ORC1, RPA, RPC, and
1317:. This response may be a primitive form of sexual interaction, similar to the more well-studied bacterial transformation that is also associated with DNA transfer between cells leading to homologous recombinational repair of DNA damage.
1578:
1956:
1305:. Recombination rates exceeded those of uninduced cultures by up to three orders of magnitude. Wood et al. also showed that UV-irradiation increased the frequency of recombination due to genetic exchange in
1309:. Frols et al. and Ajon et al. hypothesized that the UV-inducible DNA transfer process and subsequent homologous recombinational repair represents an important mechanism to maintain chromosome integrity in
367:
involved in DNA replication, transcription, and translation were more related to their counterparts in eukaryotes than to those in other prokaryotes. In 2001, the first genome sequence of
1383:. It was proposed that Saci-1497 and Saci-1500 function in an homologous recombination-based DNA repair mechanism that uses transferred DNA as a template. Thus it is thought that the
249:
2516:
1556:
473:
213:
204:
1219:
covalently across the "bilayer," making tetraethers. Technically, therefore, the tetraethers form a monolayer, not a bilayer. The tetraethers help
942:
809:
657:
640:
1348:
encoded by this operon are employed in promoting cellular aggregation, which is necessary for subsequent DNA exchange between cells, resulting in
2490:
962:
609:
1460:
Dai, X; Wang, H; Zhang, Z; Li, K; Zhang, X; Mora-López, M; Jiang, C; Liu, C; Wang, L; Zhu, Y; Hernández-Ascencio, W; Dong, Z; Huang, L (2016).
2349:
2529:
1582:
1531:
1519:
477:
2334:
Stetter, KO (1989). "Order III. Sulfolobales ord. nov. Family
Sulfolobaceae fam. nov.". In JT Staley; MP Bryant; N Pfennig; JG Holt (eds.).
337:
volcano. Other species can be found throughout the world in areas of volcanic or geothermal activity, such as geological formations called
1750:
Chen, L; BrĂĽgger, K; Skovgaard, M; Redder, P; She, Q; Torarinsson, E; Greve, B; Awayez, M; Zibat, A; Klenk, HP; Garrett, RA (July 2005).
1052:
1696:
2290:; Brock KM; Belly RT; Weiss RL (1972). "Sulfolobus: a new genus of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria living at low pH and high temperature".
2464:
17:
1262:. They thrive in environments where the temperature is about 80 °C with a pH at about 3 and sulfur present. Another species,
2503:
1466:
sp. A20 from Costa Rica and
Comparative Analyses of the Putative Pathways of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Metabolism in Various
2230:
1800:
Charlebois, RL; Doolittle, WF; Duguet, M; Gaasterland, T; Garrett, RA; Ragan, MA; Sensen, CW; Van der Oost, J (3 July 2001).
2508:
1957:"UV-inducible cellular aggregation of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus is mediated by pili formation"
1645:
2356:
487:
2353:
2048:
Fröls S; White MF; Schleper C (February 2009). "Reactions to UV damage in the model archaeon
Sulfolobus solfataricus".
1191:
2555:
1436:
1624:
2534:
1522:
2251:
1199:
eukaryotes. This was also found in A. pernix K1. Since this step is important for an aerobic microorganism like
2001:"Genetic responses of the thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius to short-wavelength UV light"
73:
2560:
1431:
1235:
890:
697:
411:
231:
222:
196:
176:
1862:"Complete genome sequence of an aerobic thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon, Sulfolobus tokodaii strain7"
1728:
1701:
1674:
1388:
1376:
1349:
494:
240:
2588:
2583:
1907:
2378:
1441:
2495:
348:
2547:
2438:
2416:
1813:
1413:
for protection. The viruses cannot survive in the extremely acidic and hot conditions that
446:
2134:
Bernstein, H; Bernstein, C (2010). "Evolutionary Origin of
Recombination during Meiosis".
1203:, it probably uses a different molecule for the same function or has a different pathway.
8:
2252:
Judicial
Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (2005).
1264:
1032:
550:
334:
1817:
2315:
2200:
2175:
2151:
2111:
2084:
1776:
1751:
1496:
1461:
1380:
68:
2025:
2000:
363:, had been sequenced completely in 1996, it was found that the genes in the genome of
2542:
2425:
2307:
2275:
2226:
2205:
2116:
2065:
2030:
2016:
1981:
1976:
1932:
1927:
1883:
1841:
1836:
1801:
1781:
1767:
1501:
1259:
2338:. Vol. 3 (1st ed.). Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co. p. 169.
2176:"DNA Processing Proteins Involved in the UV-Induced Stress Response of Sulfolobales"
2155:
1185:
has a circular chromosome that consists of 2,992,245 bp. Another sequenced species,
2319:
2299:
2265:
2195:
2187:
2143:
2106:
2096:
2057:
2020:
2012:
1971:
1922:
1873:
1831:
1821:
1771:
1763:
1491:
1481:
1239:
457:
2430:
2287:
1908:"UV-inducible DNA exchange in hyperthermophilic archaea mediated by type IV pili"
1301:
cellular aggregation mediates chromosomal marker exchange with high frequency in
329:
are generally named after the location from which they were first isolated, e.g.
95:
1752:"The genome of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, a model organism of the Crenarchaeota"
2401:
1806:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
998:
843:
740:
567:
115:
2577:
1878:
1861:
1723:
1486:
1372:
281:
277:
145:
2147:
2279:
2209:
2120:
2101:
2069:
1985:
1936:
1887:
1845:
1826:
1785:
1505:
1364:
406:
405:
proteins are of interest for biotechnology and industrial use due to their
358:
311:
168:
135:
125:
2311:
2270:
2253:
2034:
1603:
421:. Intracellular proteins are not necessarily stable at low pH however, as
2477:
2410:
1669:
1341:
1269:
1162:
870:
714:
430:
303:
2521:
2191:
1552:
1527:
1194:
in the TCA (tricarboxylic/Krebs/citric acid) cycle. This indicates that
2469:
2303:
2061:
409:
nature. One application is the creation of artificial derivatives from
307:
295:
2482:
425:
species maintain a significant pH gradient across the outer membrane.
2451:
1406:
1081:
526:
438:
434:
2372:
1860:
Nishimura, M; Yamagishi, A; Oshima, T; Kikuchi, H (31 August 2001).
1802:"The complete genome of the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2"
2456:
2395:
319:
449:
in which sulfur acts as the final electron acceptor. For example,
2085:"Uniting sex and eukaryote origins in an emerging oxygenic world"
1243:
461:
454:
417:
338:
285:
85:
2286:
2366:
1367:
III that nicks UV-damaged DNA; and another gene of the operon,
1333:
1273:
1251:
1154:
442:
352:
as a model to study the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication
60:
2443:
1906:
Ajon M; Fröls S; van Wolferen M; et al. (November 2011).
1858:
1798:
1345:
1277:
1247:
273:
1905:
377:
105:
1749:
1223:
species survive extreme acid as well as high temperature.
2047:
1955:
Fröls S; Ajon M; Wagner M; et al. (November 2008).
43:
1998:
1557:
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
474:
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
299:
2082:
1954:
2173:
2220:
1359:operon showed that one of the genes of the operon,
2133:
2575:
1206:
472:The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
1999:Wood ER; Ghané F; Grogan DW (September 1997).
1459:
1716:
1583:National Center for Biotechnology Information
1532:National Center for Biotechnology Information
1398:
1057:ServĂn-Garcidueñas & MartĂnez-Romero 2014
478:National Center for Biotechnology Information
380:. In 2004, the origins of DNA replication of
1391:provide a DNA damage response which rescues
1234:has been found in different areas including
2169:
2167:
2165:
2350:Comparative Analysis of Sulfolobus Genomes
2336:Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
42:
2269:
2199:
2110:
2100:
2024:
1975:
1926:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1877:
1835:
1825:
1775:
1495:
1485:
2174:van Wolferen M, Ma X, Albers SV (2015).
2162:
1950:
1948:
1946:
397:
2333:
1550:
1268:, has been located in an acidic spa in
429:are metabolically dependent on sulfur:
14:
2576:
2245:
1894:
1287:
2377:
2376:
1943:
2221:Madigan M; Martinko J, eds. (2005).
1662:
1258:is located almost wherever there is
162:Brock, Brock, Belly & Weiss 1972
2327:
1689:
1176:
24:
2240:
1576:
25:
2600:
2343:
1417:lives in, and so the viruses use
1320:
1192:alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
318:cells are irregularly shaped and
298:with optimal growth occurring at
2225:(11th ed.). Prentice Hall.
2083:Gross J; Bhattacharya D (2010).
2017:10.1128/jb.179.18.5693-5698.1997
1977:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06459.x
1928:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07861.x
1768:10.1128/JB.187.14.4992-4999.2005
1437:Evolution of sexual reproduction
1173:str. 7 (2,694,756 nucleotides).
1169:P2 (2,992,245 nucleotides), and
1148:
356:When the first Archaeal genome,
72:
2223:Brock Biology of Microorganisms
2127:
2076:
2041:
1992:
1852:
1792:
1743:
1625:"LTP_all tree in newick format"
1638:
1617:
1596:
1570:
1544:
1512:
1453:
437:, their energy comes from the
306:of 75–80 °C, making them
13:
1:
2258:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
1447:
1340:species is highly induced by
1207:Cell structure and metabolism
1215:pathway, and the TCA cycle.
467:
7:
1646:"LTP_06_2022 Release Notes"
1525:. Data extracted from the
1425:
1395:from DNA damaging threats.
1387:system in combination with
1354:Sulfolobales acidocaldarius
10:
2605:
2363:Sulfolobus Genome Projects
1226:
341:, which are also known as
333:was first isolated in the
2385:
1528:"NCBI taxonomy resources"
1474:Frontiers in Microbiology
1432:Transformation (genetics)
1298:Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
1236:Yellowstone National Park
1078:
1046:
1029:
1022:
1015:
995:
988:
967:Sakai & Kurosawa 2018
959:
939:
932:
925:
891:Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
887:
867:
860:
840:
833:
826:
814:Sakai & Kurosawa 2017
806:
799:
737:
711:
698:Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
694:
687:
680:
654:
637:
630:
623:
606:
599:
564:
547:
540:
523:
516:
509:
493:53 marker proteins based
492:
485:
386:Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
192:
187:
177:Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
174:
167:
69:Scientific classification
67:
50:
41:
34:
1729:Genome Taxonomy Database
1702:Genome Taxonomy Database
1675:Genome Taxonomy Database
1585:(NCBI) taxonomy database
1487:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01902
1389:homologous recombination
1377:homologous recombination
1350:homologous recombination
1157:have been sequenced for
365:Methanococcus jannaschii
18:Sulfolobus thuringiensis
2367:Genomes OnLine Database
2148:10.1525/bio.2010.60.7.5
1756:Journal of Bacteriology
1670:"GTDB release 08-RS214"
1375:that is able to unwind
1294:Sulfolobus solfataricus
1183:Sulfolobus solfataricus
382:Sulfolobus solfataricus
373:Sulfolobus solfataricus
345:(plural of solfatara).
331:Sulfolobus solfataricus
51:Electron micrograph of
2102:10.1186/1745-6150-5-53
1879:10.1093/dnares/8.4.123
1827:10.1073/pnas.141222098
1462:"Genome Sequencing of
1442:List of Archaea genera
1379:intermediates such as
2271:10.1099/ijs.0.63548-0
1523:webpage on Sulfolobus
398:Role in biotechnology
1697:"ar53_r214.sp_label"
1577:Sayers; et al.
848:Kurosawa et al. 1998
447:cellular respiration
284:. It belongs to the
2246:Scientific journals
2192:10.1128/JB.00344-15
2050:Biochem. Soc. Trans
1818:2001PNAS...98.7835S
1288:DNA damage response
1161:DSM 639 (2,225,959
1086:Segerer et al. 1986
1033:Acidianus brierleyi
875:Segerer et al. 1991
551:Acidianus brierleyi
2304:10.1007/BF00408082
2062:10.1042/BST0370036
1381:Holliday junctions
1373:RecQ-like helicase
1352:. A study of the
2571:
2570:
2543:Open Tree of Life
2379:Taxon identifiers
2264:(Pt 1): 517–518.
2232:978-0-13-144329-7
1311:S. acidocaldarius
1307:S. acidocaldarius
1303:S. acidocaldarius
1270:Beppu Hot Springs
1260:volcanic activity
1159:S. acidocaldarius
1146:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1132:
1131:
1123:
1122:
1114:
1113:
1105:
1104:
1096:
1095:
1087:
1067:
1066:
1058:
1004:
1003:Huber et al. 1989
977:
976:
968:
948:
914:
913:
905:
904:
896:
895:Brock et al. 1972
876:
849:
815:
788:
787:
779:
778:
770:
769:
761:
760:
752:
751:
726:
725:
669:
668:
588:
587:
579:
578:
464:intracellularly.
412:S. acidocaldarius
265:
264:
232:S. tengchongensis
223:S. neozealandicus
197:S. acidocaldarius
182:Brock et al. 1972
163:
16:(Redirected from
2596:
2564:
2563:
2551:
2550:
2538:
2537:
2525:
2524:
2512:
2511:
2499:
2498:
2486:
2485:
2473:
2472:
2460:
2459:
2447:
2446:
2434:
2433:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2374:
2373:
2339:
2328:Scientific books
2323:
2283:
2273:
2236:
2214:
2213:
2203:
2171:
2160:
2159:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2028:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1961:
1952:
1941:
1940:
1930:
1912:
1903:
1892:
1891:
1881:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1829:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1779:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1650:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1499:
1489:
1457:
1240:Mount St. Helens
1177:Genome structure
1085:
1056:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1002:
991:
990:
966:
947:Itoh et al. 2020
946:
935:
934:
928:
927:
894:
874:
863:
862:
847:
836:
835:
829:
828:
813:
802:
801:
794:
793:
690:
689:
683:
682:
633:
632:
626:
625:
602:
601:
543:
542:
519:
518:
512:
511:
504:
503:
483:
482:
458:hydrogen sulfide
415:proteins, named
296:volcanic springs
294:species grow in
250:S. vallisabyssus
241:S. thuringiensis
161:
77:
76:
46:
32:
31:
27:Genus of archaea
21:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2559:
2554:
2546:
2541:
2533:
2528:
2520:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2494:
2489:
2481:
2476:
2468:
2463:
2455:
2450:
2442:
2437:
2429:
2424:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2381:
2346:
2330:
2292:Arch. Mikrobiol
2248:
2243:
2241:Further reading
2233:
2217:
2186:(18): 2941–51.
2172:
2163:
2132:
2128:
2081:
2077:
2056:(Pt 1): 36–41.
2046:
2042:
1997:
1993:
1959:
1953:
1944:
1910:
1904:
1895:
1857:
1853:
1812:(14): 7835–40.
1797:
1793:
1748:
1744:
1734:
1732:
1724:"Taxon History"
1722:
1721:
1717:
1707:
1705:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1588:
1586:
1575:
1571:
1562:
1560:
1549:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1526:
1517:
1513:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1428:
1409:viruses infect
1404:
1402:as a viral host
1327:
1315:S. solfataricus
1290:
1254:to name a few.
1232:S. solfataricus
1229:
1209:
1179:
1167:S. solfataricus
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1068:
978:
915:
906:
789:
780:
771:
762:
753:
727:
670:
589:
580:
486:16S rRNA based
470:
400:
354:
314:respectively.
183:
180:
160:
96:Proteoarchaeota
71:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2602:
2592:
2591:
2589:Thermoproteota
2586:
2584:Archaea genera
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2552:
2539:
2526:
2513:
2500:
2487:
2474:
2461:
2448:
2435:
2422:
2407:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2371:
2370:
2360:
2345:
2344:External links
2342:
2341:
2340:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2284:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2231:
2216:
2215:
2161:
2142:(7): 498–505.
2126:
2075:
2040:
2011:(18): 5693–8.
1991:
1964:Mol. Microbiol
1942:
1915:Mol. Microbiol
1893:
1851:
1791:
1762:(14): 4992–9.
1742:
1715:
1688:
1661:
1637:
1616:
1595:
1569:
1543:
1511:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1427:
1424:
1403:
1397:
1342:UV irradiation
1326:
1319:
1289:
1286:
1228:
1225:
1208:
1205:
1178:
1175:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
999:Metallosphaera
994:
989:
987:
984:
983:
980:
979:
975:
974:
971:
970:
958:
955:
954:
951:
950:
943:Sulfuracidifex
938:
933:
931:
926:
924:
921:
920:
917:
916:
912:
911:
908:
907:
903:
902:
899:
898:
886:
883:
882:
879:
878:
866:
861:
859:
856:
855:
852:
851:
844:Sulfurisphaera
839:
834:
832:
827:
825:
822:
821:
818:
817:
810:Sulfodiicoccus
805:
800:
798:
797:Sulfolobaceae
792:
790:
786:
785:
782:
781:
777:
776:
773:
772:
768:
767:
764:
763:
759:
758:
755:
754:
750:
749:
746:
745:
741:Sulfurisphaera
736:
733:
732:
729:
728:
724:
723:
720:
719:
710:
707:
706:
703:
702:
693:
688:
686:
681:
679:
676:
675:
672:
671:
667:
666:
663:
662:
658:Sulfuracidifex
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
641:Sulfodiicoccus
636:
631:
629:
624:
622:
619:
618:
615:
614:
605:
600:
598:
595:
594:
591:
590:
586:
585:
582:
581:
577:
576:
573:
572:
568:Metallosphaera
563:
560:
559:
556:
555:
546:
541:
539:
536:
535:
532:
531:
522:
517:
515:
510:
508:
507:Sulfolobaceae
502:
499:
498:
491:
469:
466:
399:
396:
353:
347:
280:in the family
263:
262:
261:
260:
254:
245:
236:
227:
218:
209:
200:
190:
189:
185:
184:
181:
172:
171:
165:
164:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
116:Thermoproteota
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
65:
64:
63:. Bar = 1 ÎĽm.
55:infected with
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2601:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2249:
2234:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2079:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1970:(4): 938–52.
1969:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1921:(4): 807–17.
1920:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1872:(4): 123–40.
1871:
1867:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1746:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1665:
1647:
1641:
1626:
1620:
1605:
1599:
1584:
1580:
1573:
1558:
1554:
1551:J.P. Euzéby.
1547:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1363:, encodes an
1362:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1224:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1204:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1181:The archaeon
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1153:The complete
1149:Genome status
1137:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1101:
1100:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1054:
1051:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
993:
992:
986:
985:
982:
981:
973:
972:
969:
965:
964:
963:Saccharolobus
957:
956:
953:
952:
949:
945:
944:
937:
936:
930:
929:
923:
922:
919:
918:
910:
909:
901:
900:
897:
893:
892:
885:
884:
881:
880:
877:
873:
872:
865:
864:
858:
857:
854:
853:
850:
846:
845:
838:
837:
831:
830:
824:
823:
820:
819:
816:
812:
811:
804:
803:
796:
795:
791:
784:
783:
775:
774:
766:
765:
757:
756:
748:
747:
744:
743:
742:
735:
734:
731:
730:
722:
721:
718:
717:
716:
709:
708:
705:
704:
701:
700:
699:
692:
691:
685:
684:
678:
677:
674:
673:
665:
664:
661:
660:
659:
652:
651:
648:
647:
644:
643:
642:
635:
634:
628:
627:
621:
620:
617:
616:
613:
612:
611:
610:Saccharolobus
604:
603:
597:
596:
593:
592:
584:
583:
575:
574:
571:
570:
569:
562:
561:
558:
557:
554:
553:
552:
545:
544:
538:
537:
534:
533:
530:
529:
528:
521:
520:
514:
513:
506:
505:
501:
500:
496:
489:
484:
481:
479:
475:
465:
463:
459:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:heterotrophic
428:
424:
420:
419:
414:
413:
408:
404:
395:
392:
387:
383:
379:
374:
370:
366:
362:
360:
359:Methanococcus
351:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
287:
283:
282:Sulfolobaceae
279:
278:microorganism
275:
271:
270:
258:
255:
252:
251:
246:
243:
242:
237:
234:
233:
228:
225:
224:
219:
216:
215:
214:S. mongibelli
210:
207:
206:
201:
199:
198:
194:
193:
191:
186:
179:
178:
173:
170:
166:
159:
158:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:Sulfolobaceae
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
102:Superphylum:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
80:
75:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2386:
2335:
2298:(1): 54–68.
2295:
2291:
2261:
2257:
2222:
2183:
2180:J. Bacteriol
2179:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2092:
2089:Biol. Direct
2088:
2078:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2008:
2005:J. Bacteriol
2004:
1994:
1967:
1963:
1918:
1914:
1869:
1866:DNA Research
1865:
1854:
1809:
1805:
1794:
1759:
1755:
1745:
1733:. Retrieved
1727:
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1700:
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1673:
1664:
1652:. Retrieved
1640:
1628:. Retrieved
1619:
1607:. Retrieved
1598:
1587:. Retrieved
1579:"Sulfolobus"
1572:
1561:. Retrieved
1553:"Sulfolobus"
1546:
1535:. Retrieved
1514:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1399:
1393:Sulfolobales
1392:
1384:
1371:, encodes a
1368:
1365:endonuclease
1360:
1356:
1353:
1337:
1330:
1328:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1292:Exposure of
1291:
1281:
1263:
1255:
1231:
1230:
1220:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1200:
1195:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1170:
1166:
1158:
1152:
1080:
1079:
1049:
1047:
1031:
1030:
997:
996:
961:
960:
941:
940:
889:
888:
869:
868:
842:
841:
808:
807:
739:
738:
713:
712:
696:
695:
656:
655:
639:
638:
608:
607:
566:
565:
549:
548:
525:
524:
476:(LPSN) and
471:
453:is known to
450:
427:Sulfolobales
426:
422:
416:
410:
407:thermostable
402:
401:
390:
389:eukaryotes.
385:
381:
372:
368:
364:
357:
355:
349:
342:
330:
326:
324:
315:
312:thermophiles
304:temperatures
291:
290:
268:
267:
266:
256:
248:
239:
230:
221:
212:
203:
195:
175:
169:Type species
156:
155:
136:Sulfolobales
126:Thermoprotei
56:
52:
35:
29:
2478:iNaturalist
2411:Wikispecies
1265:S. tokodaii
1187:S. tokodaii
1171:S. tokodaii
1163:nucleotides
871:Stygiolobus
715:Stygiolobus
451:S. tokodaii
435:autotrophic
325:Species of
308:acidophiles
2578:Categories
2522:sulfolobus
2417:Sulfolobus
2387:Sulfolobus
2357:IMG system
2136:BioScience
1589:2021-05-15
1563:2021-05-15
1537:2007-03-19
1468:Sulfolobus
1464:Sulfolobus
1448:References
1419:Sulfolobus
1415:Sulfolobus
1411:Sulfolobus
1400:Sulfolobus
1338:Sulfolobus
1256:Sulfolobus
1221:Sulfolobus
1212:Sulfolobus
1201:Sulfolobus
1196:Sulfolobus
423:Sulfolobus
403:Sulfolobus
391:Sulfolobus
369:Sulfolobus
361:jannaschii
350:Sulfolobus
327:Sulfolobus
316:Sulfolobus
292:Sulfolobus
269:Sulfolobus
257:Sulfolobus
157:Sulfolobus
106:TACK group
57:Sulfolobus
53:Sulfolobus
36:Sulfolobus
1604:"The LTP"
1407:Lysogenic
1369:saci-1500
1361:saci-1497
1284:, 2004).
1082:Acidianus
527:Acidianus
497:08-RS214
490:_06_2022
468:Phylogeny
439:oxidation
343:solfatare
335:Solfatara
320:flagellar
205:S. beitou
92:Kingdom:
2402:Q1209791
2396:Wikidata
2288:Brock TD
2280:15653928
2210:26148716
2156:86663600
2121:20731852
2070:19143598
1986:18990182
1937:21999488
1888:11572479
1846:11427726
1786:15995215
1518:See the
1506:27965637
1480:: 1902.
1470:Strains"
1426:See also
1053:Aramenus
418:affitins
339:mud pots
302:2–3 and
288:domain.
188:Species
142:Family:
112:Phylum:
82:Domain:
2496:1022934
2470:1000050
2320:9204044
2312:4559703
2201:4542170
2112:2933680
2035:9294423
1814:Bibcode
1777:1169522
1497:5127849
1344:. The
1244:Iceland
1227:Ecology
1155:genomes
480:(NCBI)
462:sulfate
455:oxidize
445:and/or
286:archaea
259:sp. A20
152:Genus:
132:Order:
122:Class:
86:Archaea
2561:559458
2509:951581
2483:196672
2457:1SULFG
2365:(from
2318:
2310:
2278:
2229:
2208:
2198:
2154:
2119:
2109:
2095:: 53.
2068:
2033:
2026:179455
2023:
1984:
1935:
1886:
1844:
1834:
1784:
1774:
1735:10 May
1708:10 May
1681:10 May
1654:10 May
1630:10 May
1609:10 May
1559:(LPSN)
1504:
1494:
1334:operon
1325:operon
1282:et al.
1274:Kyushu
1252:Russia
1250:, and
443:sulfur
59:virus
2556:WoRMS
2548:98116
2491:IRMNG
2444:97597
2354:DOE's
2316:S2CID
2152:S2CID
1960:(PDF)
1911:(PDF)
1837:35428
1649:(PDF)
1278:Japan
1248:Italy
274:genus
272:is a
61:STSV1
2535:2284
2530:NCBI
2517:LPSN
2504:ITIS
2465:GBIF
2452:EPPO
2431:7Q94
2352:(at
2308:PMID
2276:PMID
2227:ISBN
2206:PMID
2117:PMID
2066:PMID
2031:PMID
1982:PMID
1933:PMID
1884:PMID
1842:PMID
1782:PMID
1737:2023
1710:2023
1683:2023
1656:2023
1632:2023
1611:2023
1520:NCBI
1502:PMID
1346:pili
1329:The
1321:The
1313:and
495:GTDB
384:and
378:PCNA
310:and
2439:EoL
2426:CoL
2300:doi
2266:doi
2196:PMC
2188:doi
2184:197
2144:doi
2107:PMC
2097:doi
2058:doi
2021:PMC
2013:doi
2009:179
1972:doi
1923:doi
1874:doi
1832:PMC
1822:doi
1772:PMC
1764:doi
1760:187
1492:PMC
1482:doi
1385:ups
1357:ups
1336:of
1331:ups
1323:ups
1296:or
1165:),
1050:Ca.
488:LTP
460:to
441:of
433:or
276:of
2580::
2558::
2545::
2532::
2519::
2506::
2493::
2480::
2467::
2454::
2441::
2428::
2413::
2398::
2314:.
2306:.
2296:84
2294:.
2274:.
2262:55
2260:.
2256:.
2204:.
2194:.
2182:.
2178:.
2164:^
2150:.
2140:60
2138:.
2115:.
2105:.
2091:.
2087:.
2064:.
2054:37
2052:.
2029:.
2019:.
2007:.
2003:.
1980:.
1968:70
1966:.
1962:.
1945:^
1931:.
1919:82
1917:.
1913:.
1896:^
1882:.
1868:.
1864:.
1840:.
1830:.
1820:.
1810:98
1808:.
1804:.
1780:.
1770:.
1758:.
1754:.
1726:.
1699:.
1672:.
1581:.
1555:.
1530:.
1500:.
1490:.
1476:.
1472:.
1276:,
1272:,
1246:,
1242:,
1238:,
1055:"
371:,
322:.
300:pH
2369:)
2359:)
2322:.
2302::
2282:.
2268::
2235:.
2212:.
2190::
2158:.
2146::
2123:.
2099::
2093:5
2072:.
2060::
2037:.
2015::
1988:.
1974::
1939:.
1925::
1890:.
1876::
1870:8
1848:.
1824::
1816::
1788:.
1766::
1739:.
1712:.
1685:.
1658:.
1634:.
1613:.
1592:.
1566:.
1540:.
1508:.
1484::
1478:7
1048:"
253:"
247:"
244:"
238:"
235:"
229:"
226:"
220:"
217:"
211:"
208:"
202:"
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
