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235:(3 February 1385 AD). The complex contains what appears to be a mausoleum chamber intended for the founder, but Isa was never buried here. The building went through a major restoration sometime during the Ottoman period, when much of the masonry was redone. Between 1932 and 1950s, the southern portico of the main courtyard partially collapsed and some of the decoration at the top of the portal disappeared. These elements, along with the northern gallery of the upper terrace, were restored over the course of the 20th century. In the early 21st century, around 2006, the building was restored again, cleaned, and much of the old masonry replaced with new stone.
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of rooms, which may have served as cells or bedchambers for the students of the madrasa, although scholar Thomas
Sinclair states that the rooms of the upper floor seem to have served other purposes instead. The western part of the upper level is occupied in part by a terrace overlooking the ground floor courtyard (already mentioned above). The north side of this terrace, at the back, is occupied by a vaulted gallery and portico which was ruined by the 1950s and subsequently restored.
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space about 45 metres long and 25 metres deep. While traditional madrasas were almost always arranged around one central courtyard, the Sultan Isa
Medrese is the culmination of a trend in Artuqid designs where the building is configured around two courtyards, a more complex arrangement requiring careful planning.
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The mosque, accessed through a doorway on the south side of the ground-floor corridor, is a large rectangular chamber. It is divided into three square sections: the two on the sides are covered by groin vaults and the square space in the middle is covered by a dome. The dome transitions to the square
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The structure was built on a slope overlooking the city and as a result it is laid out on two terraced levels, with the upper level extending further north. The rooms and sections are arranged around two courtyards: one on the ground floor and another on the upper level. The whole complex occupies a
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The upper floor is accessed through either the western staircase or the eastern staircase near the entrance (both mentioned above). The eastern stairway leads to the second courtyard of the complex, located north of the mosque area. The courtyard is surrounded on all sides by a portico and a series
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is made of stone. Above both the doorway and the mihrab is a teardrop medallion similar to the one in the entrance portal, featuring the same phrase again in a symmetrical calligraphic composition, but in a smaller scale and with a different design. Much of the masonry of the mosque, except for the
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Upon entering, a corridor runs north until it reaches a corner covered by a star vault ceiling. On the left, the corridor continues to the west, past the mosque and to the ground-floor courtyard. Straight ahead, a stairway climbs north to the second floor. In the middle of the western corridor, on
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consisting of a plain niche with simple semi-dome. This gallery was once covered by more ornate star vaults but these have not survived and have been replaced by plain groin vaults. On the north side of the courtyard, above the iwan and the chambers, is a terrace accessed from the upper floor and
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decoration, which feeds a water channel in the middle of the floor that empties in the courtyard's pool. On either side of the iwan are two large chambers, accessed through side corridors from other parts of the building. From the western chamber a passage and stairway grants access to the upper
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The large ground-floor courtyard, to the west of the mosque, occupies the center of the complex. The corridor from the entrance is accessed through a recessed portal on the east side, while directly opposite this, on the western side, is another recessed portal leading to a passage and vestibule
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The mausoleum at the southwest corner of the building is a square domed chamber. The mausoleum has been significantly restored, including the dome and its now plain squinches, but it has preserved its general character. In the middle of the south wall, opposite the doorway, is another
801:. Sultan Isa was never buried here, and the chamber was recently used as part of the Mardin Museum. A side chamber or vestibule to the north, preceding the mausoleum, contains a sarcophagus or cenotaph which has been there since at least the end of the 20th century.
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cornice is accompanied by arabesque (vegetal) decoration bands. Inside this is another inscription band that consists of the same phrase found in the center of the teardrop medallion, except here it is repeated over and over in
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script, wraps around this composition. Above these medallions is another horizonal inscription band running across the three inner walls of the portal, containing a long foundation text including a Qur'anic excerpt (part of
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The long southern façade of the building is easily visible, arranged along a street on higher ground overlooking the city below. The other sides of the building are largely obscured by the sloping terrain around it. The two
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stones. The entrance doorway, opposite the mihrab, is set inside a small recess surrounded by decoration very similar to that of the mihrab, except that instead of a plain semi-dome it is topped by a
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Le décor architectural artuqide en pierre de Mardin placé dans son contexte regional: Contribution à l'histoire du décor géométrique et végétal du Proche-Orient des XIIe-XVe siècles
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211:, or religious complex, consisting of a madrasa, a mosque, a mausoleum for the founder, and other elements arranged around two courtyards. The building previously housed the
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level of the complex. The windows between the iwan and these side chambers were pierced during the
Ottoman period. On the south side of the courtyard runs a vaulted
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or direction of prayer) of the chambers inside. A wall fountain is also located in the middle of the façade, below the portico of the courtyard (discussed below).
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on the southern façade, topped by small half-domes (also fluted like the main domes), reinforce each of the domed sections and are each located behind a
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niche is located in the middle of the south wall, directly opposite the entrance. The niche is topped by a plain semi-dome which is framed by carved
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The building is entered through a monumental portal at the southeast corner, standing around 12 metres tall. The recessed portal is decorated with a
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The foundation of the complex is well-documented thanks to several surviving inscriptions on the building which record the founder, Isa the
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The carved foundation inscription (above), and the teardrop medallion (below) containing a symmetrical calligraphic composition
364::14), the name of the building's founder (Sultan Isa), some praise of the founder's piety, and the date (2nd Muharram 787 AH).
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and gallery which gives views onto the city and landscape below. In the middle of this gallery, on the south wall, is a small
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canopy. The center of the courtyard is occupied by a rectangular water basin. To the north of this basin is a central
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371:. Around the edges of the portal are several bands of ornamentation forming a decorative frame around the portal. A
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motifs, while on the side walls to the right and left of this are circular medallions carved with intricate
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View from the rooftop into the second courtyard on the upper level, with the dome of the mosque behind
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The corridor from the entrance to the courtyard (looking east, with the mosque entrance on the right)
323:. The design of the teardrop medallion consists of a symmetrical calligraphic composition (known as
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decoration on the wall around it, including an inscription band around the arch, arabesques in the
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domes of the complex, visible from the outside, correspond to the mosque and the mausoleum. Two
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1160:"Symmetrical Compositions in Pre-Ottoman and Ottoman Architectural Inscriptions in Asia Minor"
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Gierlichs, Joachim (2011). "Anatolian
Seljuks". In Hattstein, Markus; Delius, Peter (eds.).
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533:(two-coloured) stonework around them. The mosque is well-lit thanks to many windows. The
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ruler of Mardin, and its construction was completed in 1385. The building was actually a
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vault over the doorway. The wall right above the door is covered by zone of stone
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Inside the iwan, with wall fountain at the back and water channel in the middle
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View of the main interior courtyard, looking west towards the mausoleum section
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chamber that leads to the mausoleum. Both portal recesses are vaulted with a
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script. The top part of this decoration was restored in modern times.
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Mausoleum chamber, looking at the entrance doorway and northern wall
201:. It was commissioned by Sultan Isa (r. 1376–1407), the penultimate
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View of the complex above, showing the two courtyards and two domes
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stonework. The darker stone used for this decoration is generally
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M. Bloom, Jonathan; S. Blair, Sheila, eds. (2009). "Artuqid".
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Southern gallery of the courtyard (with reconstructed ceiling)
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canopy, opposite which is the entrance to the mosque chamber.
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Cenotaph in a side chamber near the original domed mausoleum
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The front corners of portal's recess are carved into ornate
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1132:(in French). Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. pp. 80–86.
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Eastern Turkey: an architectural and archaeological survey
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Main entrance portal, at the east end of the street façade
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View of the main courtyard, looking north to the central
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Main courtyard, looking east towards the mosque section
1162:. In Gharipour, Mohammad; Cemil Schick, Irvin (eds.).
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on the left and the entrance portal on the right. The
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above it. In the area above this is a teardrop-shaped
905:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 228.
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View from below of the stonework inlay, reliefs, and
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Small wall fountan in the middle of the street faâde
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1052:Storm on Horseback: The Seljuk Warriors of Turkey
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1164:Calligraphy and Architecture in the Muslim World
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564:decorated parts, was restored in a later period.
646:Entrance of the prayer hall, on the north side
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774:canopy in the western portal of the courtyard
1166:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 449.
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579:View of the mosque's prayer hall, with the
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1020:"Zinciriye (İsa Bey) Medresesi - Mardin"
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1566:List of schools in the Ottoman Empire
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989:. Vol. III. The Pindar Press.
16:Historic monument in Mardin, Turkey
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1589:Buildings and structures in Mardin
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793:are decorated very similarly with
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519:space below it through the use of
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1570:Education in the Ottoman Empire
985:Sinclair, Thomas Alan (1989).
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341:. A band of text containing a
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828:Dome of the mausoleum chamber
937:. h.f.ullmann. p. 381.
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695:Main courtyard, ground level
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559:(pulpit) to the west of the
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334:tawakkulī 'alā Allāhi ta'ālā
7:
1054:. I.B.Tauris. p. 203.
935:Islam: Art and Architecture
789:. Both the doorway and the
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1024:Türkiye Kültür Portalı
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631:Decoration around the
349:, 9:18), in a form of
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127:37.31417°N 40.739861°E
1367:Gevher Nesibe Şifaiye
1050:Freely, John (2008).
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28:Sultan İsa Medresesi
553:canopy. The nearby
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132:37.31417; 40.739861
123: /
70:Architectural style
55:General information
1594:Madrasas in Turkey
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568:The mosque chamber
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167:Sultan Isa Medrese
22:Sultan Isa Medrese
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1444:Mehmet Şakir Paşa
1173:978-1-4744-6842-8
1139:978-1-78491-123-2
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485:Entrance corridor
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187:Isa Bey Medresesi
183:Zinciriye Medrese
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118:40°44′23.5″E
88:Town or city
1426:Kubat Pasha
1319:Yavuz Selim
1314:Suleymaniye
1030:19 December
868:Upper level
425:One of the
239:Description
130: /
105:Coordinates
1583:Categories
1564:See also:
1276:Dündar Bey
996:0907132340
885:References
770:Detail of
321:arabesques
280:buttresses
115:37°18′51″N
1235:Büyük Aga
780:Mausoleum
664:Courtyard
543:spandrels
521:squinches
427:arabesque
347:At-Tawbah
339:palmettes
313:medallion
143:Named for
1531:Hatuniye
1480:Buruciye
1436:Nevşehir
1403:Kasımiye
1336:Sahabiye
1299:Caferağa
1286:Istanbul
1253:Yakutiye
1215:Madrasas
772:muqarnas
671:muqarnas
551:muqarnas
525:muqarnas
479:muqarnas
467:Interior
447:muqarnas
398:muqarnas
373:muqarnas
343:Qur'anic
325:muthannā
300:muqarnas
261:Exterior
229:Muharram
156:Material
1495:Şifaiye
1462:Pervane
1377:Kütahya
1362:Sırçalı
1352:Karatay
1329:Kayseri
1294:Bayezid
1268:Isparta
1245:Erzurum
684:portico
360::19 or
352:thuluth
345:verse (
329:muṣanna
225:Artuqid
219:History
208:külliye
203:Artuqid
191:madrasa
175:Turkish
96:Country
82:Islamic
74:Artuqid
64:Madrasa
1554:Zahraa
1505:Şırnak
1418:Mersin
1395:Mardin
1227:Amasya
1219:Turkey
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588:minbar
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561:mihrab
556:minbar
539:relief
535:mihrab
514:Mosque
285:mihrab
276:fluted
199:Turkey
195:Mardin
99:Turkey
91:Mardin
78:Seljuk
1523:Tokat
1513:Kızıl
1472:Sivas
1454:Sinop
1344:Konya
855:ablaq
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443:Kufic
378:Kufic
305:inlay
291:qibla
159:stone
1568:and
1168:ISBN
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1056:ISBN
1032:2022
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732:iwan
675:iwan
615:The
231:787
165:The
60:Type
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1536:Gök
1490:Gök
1217:in
327:or
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