1013:, but only after a month of fighting. General Lin Biao's communist troops had this saying: "As long as we don't have to fight the New 1st Army, we are not afraid of the Central Government's million troops." Sun said that the PLA opposing the Nationalist army was like "flies attacking a tiger," but when the PLA had a growing series of local victories, Chiang Kai-shek's favorite Du Yuming repeatedly accused Sun of insubordination. Chiang sensed that Sun could not get the cooperation of Whampoa educated officers and replaced him with a general whom he considered more loyal. Sun was returned to a command post in Nanjing in July 1947, as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Army and commanding general of the Army Training Command. The American Consul General in Mukden at that time,
1083:, and tortured into admitting conspiracy with a communist agent. On August 20, 1955 Sun was officially relieved from his duties and put under house arrest. A nine-person committee under Vice-President Chen Cheng was set up to investigate General Sun's involvement in the alleged spy case. The CIA also allegedly wanted to help Sun take control of Taiwan and declare its independence. Sun, in addition to being under suspicion of collaborating with the CIA, was also accused of negligence in allowing his subordinate to participate in an alleged revolt involving Communist agents. One source suggests that the "plot" may simply have been a plan to present a petition to Generalissimo Chiang to do away with the army system of political commissars.
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858:. He worked briefly for Chicago Bridge and Iron Company in Chicago as an engineer. Patriotism motivated him to change career and pursue a military studies instead. China was in the middle of a nationalist drive to unite the divided country and to protect the nation against imperialists. Sun decided that he could better serve his divided nation as a soldier rather than an engineer.
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for more than three decades: his charge was not reliefed until March 20, 1988, shortly after the death of Chiang Ching-kuo. Two years later he died of natural cause at home at the age of 89. His funeral was conducted with full military honors and with the presence of the
Minister of National Defense
1029:
in 1947, Sun moved one training facility to Taiwan, independent from the ongoing civil war. Sun trained new officers and troops for the
Nationalist government, hoping to change the tide of the civil war. The effort was too little, too late in comparison with the massive numbers of troops defeated,
1004:
The end of the war with Japan did not bring peace to China. Sun's New First Army was deployed to
Manchuria, where the Soviet armies left the Communist forces in control of strategic areas and the Nationalists could find support only by enlisting local bandits and surrendered Japanese troops. On May
735:
in 1946, and although he was made
Commander in Chief in 1950 after the retreat of the Nationalist central government to Taiwan, he was given only ceremonial roles. He was charged with conspiracy in 1955 and spent his last thirty years under virtual house arrest.
1017:, later recalled that because of his American education Sun was regarded as an outsider: "personal loyalty was counted by the Nationalist regime as being more important than competence, and when you establish a standard like that you run into danger."
1075:, a position he held until 1965. Chiang Ching-kuo, educated in the Soviet Union, initiated Soviet style military structure, reorganizing and Sovietizing the officer corps while instituting surveillance. Sun Li-jen, who was educated at the American
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921:
in 1937 and was badly wounded by mine fragments. After recovering, Sun returned to lead his troops at the front. After two years training, Sun's New 38th
Division was sent by Chiang Kai-shek into Burma to protect the
957:, the commander of the British 14th Army. Sun and his division retreated into India, while those of Du, against Sun's advice, retreated back into China and were badly mauled both by nature and by the Japanese.
1507:
865:. He graduated from VMI class of 1927. In 1927 Sun toured Europe and Japan to see the latest military organization and strategic thinking, then returned to China and became a corporal in the
1713:
1079:, opposed this system. On May 25, one of General Sun's subordinates, Lieutenant-Colonel Kuo Ting-liang, was arrested by Chiang Ching-kuo's associate, internal security chief
870:
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General Sun was survived by his two sons Sun Tien-ping (孫天平) and Sun An-ping (孫安平), two daughters Sun Chung-ping (孫中平) and Sun Tai-ping (孫太平), and sister Sun Pi-jen (孫璧人).
934:. Sun led the 113th Regiment as part of the 38th Division through difficult terrain to relieve 7,000 British forces trapped by the numerically superior Japanese in the
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First, Sun was reassigned as the ceremonial chief military adviser to Chiang Kai-shek in June 1954, preventing him from directly controlling any troops. In 1950,
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In 2001, Sun's reputation was cleared after a government investigation into the purported coup attempt. In
January 2011, President
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More than 300 of Sun's close subordinates were placed under arrest and many more were relieved of their duties. Sun remained under
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formally apologized to Sun Li-jen's family and Sun's house in
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was known as the "Best Army under heaven" and credited with effectively confronting
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tanks temporarily placed under his command by
General Slim. For his gallantry at Yenangyaung, Sun was made a
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in the United States to complete his senior year in 1923, where he graduated in 1924. He briefly interned at
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831:. Sun played basketball at Tsinghua, becoming a star. He led the Chinese team to a gold medal at the 1921
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Although unable to stop the
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881:, which he made the KMT's best trained and equipped troops. Four of the regiments later became the
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Ma visit to war hero's former residence stirs gratitude, regret. The China Post. January 23, 2011
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Perhaps because of his foreign military training, he did not have the full confidence of
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to help crush off the communist invasion in 1949. It was the front line defense force.
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Dedication to The Late General Sun Li Jen, designed by his foster son Chieh Chung
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The Generalissimo's son: Chiang Ching-kuo and the revolutions in China and Taiwan
1331:, p. 40. Harry S. Truman Library and Museum (June 26, 1974). Accessed May 3, 2015
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704:. His military achievements earned him the laudatory nickname
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21:"Sun Liren" redirects here. For the Singaporean director, see
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General Sun memorial website at National Tsing Hua University
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684:; December 8, 1900 – November 19, 1990) was a
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in the United States, best known for his leadership in the
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Honorary commanders of the Order of the British Empire
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Belated justice for Taiwanese war hero. Jan 23, 2011
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Sun led his troops fighting the Japanese during the
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Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol III
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Commander of the Order of the British Empire (U.K.)
1481:"Sun Li-jen, 91, War Hero in Burma Fighting, Dies"
1674:Recipients of the Order of Blue Sky and White Sun
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1037:In 1950, Sun was named Commander in Chief of the
210:Order of the Cloud and Banner with Special Cravat
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1188:"2016-2017 - News - Virginia Military Institute"
1639:National Revolutionary Army generals from Anhui
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938:. His command included British artillery and
586:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan (1943–1945)
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1669:Honorary companions of the Order of the Bath
1412:Opposition and dissent in contemporary China
1344:Opposition and dissent in contemporary China
944:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
731:. Sun was relieved of battle command in the
1329:Oral History Interview with O. Edmund Clubb
904:
819:Square. In the same year (1919) he married
1694:Chinese military personnel of World War II
1452:. Columbia University Press. p. 181.
1374:
1060:Sun Li-jen with the popular army elephant
968:', the Chinese force under the command of
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404:
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1679:Foreign recipients of the Legion of Merit
1572:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1381:. Harvard University Press. p. 195.
220:Companion of the Order of the Bath (U.K.)
1704:Republic of China politicians from Anhui
1535:Boorman, Howard L., et al., eds (1970).
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1009:to take a key railroad junction in the
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1539:. New York: Columbia University Press.
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877:Brigade, organized by Finance Minister
83:Commander of the Republic of China Army
1629:Boxer Indemnity Scholarship recipients
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1240:"VMI Alumni General and Flag Officers"
440:Japanese invasion of Burma (1941–1942)
1489:. Associated Press. November 21, 1990
1293:(David & Charles, 1989) pp. 214–7
940:7th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)
885:. His training center was located in
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238:Officer of the Legion of Merit (U.S.)
1724:Chinese Expeditionary Force generals
1005:20, 1946, Sun's troops defeated the
1000:Sun and Eisenhower in Europe in 1945
991:
1256:from the original on April 10, 2023
873:. He was then given command of the
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1664:Virginia Military Institute alumni
1053:eager to remove him from power.
823:(龔夕濤) and was admitted in 1920 to
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1049:with Sun made Chiang and his son
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1709:Chinese men's basketball players
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1528:References and further reading
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1415:. Hoover Press. p. 302.
1347:. Hoover Press. p. 302.
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698:Second Sino-Japanese War
354:Second Sino-Japanese War
1689:Chinese anti-communists
1409:Peter R. Moody (1977).
1341:Peter R. Moody (1977).
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1602:July 16, 2012, at the
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842:, he transferred to
1375:Jay Taylor (2000).
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809:May Fourth Movement
803:, with ancestry in
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1486:The New York Times
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861:He applied to the
718:Battle of Shanghai
668:simplified Chinese
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1533:Sun Li-jen," in
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1226:the original
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1218:"Sun Li-Jen"
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1200:. Retrieved
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1191:
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1160:China portal
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1104:Ma Ying-jeou
1101:
1088:house arrest
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348:Battles/wars
260:of the East"
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174:(1990-11-19)
145:Jinnu Town,
113:Succeeded by
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30:Chinese name
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1624:1990 deaths
1619:1900 births
1580:pp. 165-167
1289:James Lunt
1192:www.vmi.edu
879:T. V. Soong
720:and in the
499:Yenangyaung
447:Bilin River
118:Huang Chieh
101:Preceded by
34:family name
1613:Categories
1546:0231045581
1260:January 3,
1202:January 4,
924:Burma Road
893:province.
821:Gong Xitao
783:Early life
656:Sun Li-jen
593:Mount Song
270:Allegiance
190:Alma mater
155:Qing China
139:1900-12-08
106:Gu Zhutong
72:Sun Li-jen
49:Sun Li-jen
23:Kelvin Sng
1555:cite book
1302:ww2db.com
982:Ledo Road
928:Du Yuming
827:to study
817:Tiananmen
778:Biography
750:Zhòngnéng
681:Sūn Lìrén
574:Myitkyina
557:Shangshak
542:Admin Box
489:Shwedaung
306:1927–1955
91:In office
1600:Archived
1465:June 28,
1446:(1983).
1394:June 28,
1251:Archived
1222:Hoopedia
1118:See also
1062:Lin Wang
869:and the
856:Illinois
755:art name
700:and the
617:Hill 170
523:Chindits
518:The Hump
462:Taukkyan
326:Commands
253:Nickname
179:Taichung
28:In this
966:X Force
891:Guizhou
852:Chicago
838:With a
793:Lujiang
690:general
633:Dracula
612:Pakokku
579:Mogaung
482:Toungoo
472:Tachiao
320:General
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1110:Family
1032:Quemoy
1021:Taiwan
813:Scouts
797:Chaohu
762:Fu-min
712:. His
708:Rommel
688:(KMT)
678::
676:pinyin
670::
662::
567:Kohima
552:Imphal
513:Arakan
477:Oktwin
279:
258:Rommel
201:Awards
183:Taiwan
161:Chaohu
32:, the
1254:(PDF)
1243:(PDF)
1174:Notes
889:, in
887:Duyun
801:Anhui
789:Jinnu
771:Fǔmín
494:Prome
151:Anhui
1574:link
1567:help
1541:ISBN
1495:2018
1467:2010
1454:ISBN
1430:2010
1417:ISBN
1396:2010
1383:ISBN
1362:2010
1349:ISBN
1262:2024
1204:2024
547:U Go
457:Pegu
311:Rank
169:Died
133:Born
1043:CIA
946:by
850:in
774:).
672:孙立人
664:孫立人
58:孫立人
39:Sun
36:is
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