Supreme Court of Singapore

1092: 979: 1568:'s black robe. Women lawyers were required to wear skirts. With effect from 1993, the need for bands and wing-collared shirts was done away with. In open court, male lawyers are required to dress in "the existing gown worn over an ordinary long-sleeved white shirt with a turn-down collar, a tie of a subdued or sober colour, a dark jacket, dark trousers and black or plain coloured shoes". The instructions for the attire of female lawyers is similar, except that they must wear "a long-sleeved white blouse high to the neck" and must avoid "onspicuous jewellery or ornaments". They may either wear a skirt or trousers. Gowns need not be worn when appearing before judges and registrars in chambers. Senior counsel may wear "a gown in the design of those worn by 1046: 5311: 1529: 1354:, applicants are admitted to the bar as both advocates and solicitors, and may practise as either or both. Admission is in the discretion of the Court and subject to the requirements specified in the Legal Profession Act. The Act specifically provides that no person is disqualified by sex from being admitted and enrolled as an advocate and solicitor. Unless the Chief Justice orders otherwise, applications for admission as an advocate and solicitor are heard on the second Wednesday of each month except during court vacations. The Court generally arranges a "mass call" of advocates and solicitors on the last Saturday of May to cater to the large number of graduates from the 1706: 1297:, detention, inspection, photographing, the taking of samples, the conduct of experiments or in any manner, both before and after proceedings are commenced; transfer any proceedings to any other court, or to or from any subordinate court; and order the medical examination of a person who is a party to any proceedings where his or her physical or mental condition is relevant to any matter in question in the proceedings. When hearing an appeal, the Court of Appeal possesses all the powers and duties of the High Court, and has "full power to determine any question necessary to be determined for the purpose of doing justice in any case before the Court". 849: 1599: 441: 31: 1193:– it does not deal with trials of matters coming before the court for the first time. In general, the Court hears civil appeals from decisions of the High Court made in the exercise of the latter's original and appellate jurisdiction, that is, decisions on cases that started in the High Court as well as decisions that were appealed from the Subordinate Courts to the High Court. However, this rule is subject to various restrictions. Some types of High Court decisions are not appealable to the Court of Appeal, while others are only appealable if the Court grants 1561:

henceforth wear a lightweight black robe over an ordinary white shirt with a turn-down collar and a tie. The difficulty of obtaining shirts with wing collars and the growing sense that the traditional gown was inappropriate for the judiciary of an independent republic were cited as reasons for this change. On ceremonial occasions such as the Opening of the Legal Year, Supreme Court judges wear red robes with a black strip around the collar and extending down the front of the robe. The black strip on the Chief Justice's robe is edged with gold.

1611: 1406: 332: 901:, and then to the Privy Council. The merger did not last: in 1965 Singapore left the Federation of Malaysia and became an independent republic. However, the High Court remained part of the Federal Court structure until 1969, when Singapore enacted the Supreme Court of Judicature Act to regularise the judicial system. Coming into force on 9 January 1970, the Act declared that the Supreme Court of Singapore now consisted of the Court of Appeal, the Court of Criminal Appeal and the High Court. The 1393:

Justice for a disciplinary tribunal to be appointed to formally investigate the complaint. If a disciplinary tribunal is convened, it hears and investigates the matter and decides whether any disciplinary action against the lawyer is warranted. If not, it may dismiss the matter or impose a penalty appropriate to the misconduct. However, if it determines that disciplinary action is necessary, the Law Society must apply to the Supreme Court for the matter to be heard by a

1272:(minors) and mentally disordered persons, and make orders concerning their persons and property. However, matrimonial and guardianship proceedings have been transferred to the District Court, except for contested applications for the division of matrimonial assets worth $ 1.5 million or more which are still heard in the High Court. Proceedings under the Mental Capacity Act begun in the High Court on or after 1 March 2010 are also dealt with by district courts. 4705: 1034:, may be heard by only two judges. Matters before the Court are decided according to the opinion of the majority of the members of the Court hearing the case. If there are only two judges hearing an appeal and they disagree, the appeal is dismissed and the decision appealed against stands. Proceedings in the High Court are heard before a single judge, unless otherwise provided by any written law. A Judge of Appeal may also sit in the High Court as a Judge. 651: 4715: 1276:

years. The High Court also hears appeals from the decisions of District Courts and Magistrates' Courts in civil and criminal cases, and decides points of law reserved in special cases submitted by a District Court or a Magistrate's Court. In addition, the High Court has general supervisory and revisionary jurisdiction over all subordinate courts in any civil or criminal matter.

3001: (Singapore), the Court stated: "The court has the power and duty to ensure that the provisions of the Constitution are observed. The court also has a duty to declare invalid any exercise of power, legislative and executive, which exceeds the limits of the power conferred by the Constitution, or which contravenes any prohibition which the Constitution provides." 1520:

in 1993 the latter practice was itself done away with, the Chief Justice commenting that the judges' ceremonial red robes and full-bottomed wigs were "now considered by many to be inappropriate as court dress for Judges and Judicial Commissioners in an independent sovereign Singapore. These have in fact been the butt of more and more derisory comment."

1946: 1013:. Before Judges of Appeal, High Court Judges and Judicial Commissioners are appointed, the Prime Minister must also consult the Chief Justice before tendering advice on the matter to the President. A judge, for at least ten years, must meet the qualifications of the Legal Profession Act before being appointed. or a member of the 2970:) ("SCA"), s. 56A(4), which states that when a subordinate court refers to the High Court a question as to the interpretation or effect of a provision of the Constitution, "the High Court shall hear and determine the constitutional question arising out of the case in the exercise of its original jurisdiction". 2210:

In the Chief Justice's absence the presidency of the Court of Appeal is determined according to the following order of precedence: (1) the vice-presidents of the Court of Appeal, (2) the Judges of Appeal who are not vice-presidents of the Court; and (3) High Court judges. Within each category, judges

1519:

announced that the Council of Judges had unanimously decided that the short wig would cease to be part of court dress for all judges and lawyers, including Queen's Counsel appearing in Singapore courts. However, judges would continue to wear full-bottomed wigs on ceremonial occasions. Two years later

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The Court justified this new principle on the basis that "the political, social and economic circumstances of Singapore have changed enormously since Singapore became an independent and sovereign republic. The development of our law should reflect these changes and the fundamental values of Singapore

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Administration of the Supreme Court is managed by its registry, which handles matters such as receiving and storing court documents filed in the court, and ensuring they are transmitted to judges for use during hearings. The Registry is headed by the Registrar who is assisted by the Deputy Registrar,

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When hearing an appeal, the Court of Appeal normally sits with a bench of three Judges of Appeal, one of whom is the Chief Justice. If necessary though, such as in cases of unusual difficulty or importance, the bench may comprise five or any greater uneven number of judges. Certain appeals, including

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Mr. E.R. Koek, said, on behalf of the members of the Bar, he wished to say that they indeed pleased that His Lordship should have revived the custom and ceremony that had taken place that day. During his 34 years experience he regretted to say that no such ceremony had taken place. In times of the

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The Court of Appeal became Singapore's final appellate court following the abolition of all appeals to the Privy Council with effect from 8 April 1994. On 11 July that year, the Court handed down a practice statement declaring that it would regard itself free to depart from previous decisions of its

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The High Court has jurisdiction to try all offences committed in Singapore and may also try offences committed outside Singapore in certain circumstances. In criminal cases, the High Court generally tries cases where the offences are punishable with death or imprisonment for a term which exceeds ten

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petitions and applications, interlocutory matters and pre-trial conferences. Registrars are also appointed as district judges or magistrates, which enables them to conduct preliminary inquiries to determine whether there are enough grounds for trying accused persons for criminal offences in the High

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from the High Court. The Court of Appeal may also decide a point of law reserved for its decision by the High Court, as well as any point of law of public interest arising in the course of an appeal from a court subordinate to the High Court, which has been reserved by the High Court for decision of

3519:

The Court of Appeal met in Penang, for the first time this year, to-day ... For probably the first time in the history of the Malayan bench all three wore wigs, while the impressiveness of the occasion was added to by several barristers who were also wearing wigs. ... A number of solicitors were in

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a month for 15 years. A central room on the upper floor facing High Street was used by the Court of Judicature of Prince of Wales' Island, Singapore, and Malacca, while other rooms were used as government offices. In 1839, the court moved to a newly built one-storey annexe adjacent to Maxwell House

1506:

not because I have any desire to attire myself in fancy costume, or because I wished to give myself any special personal importance, but because I think that it tends to remind, not only the public and the Bar, but even the judge himself, that he is a representative of that very illustrious body of

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or other originating process in or outside Singapore, or where the defendant submits to the Court's jurisdiction. In theory, the Court has unlimited original jurisdiction – it can hear any type of case no matter how trivial or serious. In practice, though, parties may be penalised by having to pay

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in 1963, though members of the legal profession continued to attend special services in an unofficial capacity. Following Singapore's full independence in 1965, the ceremony became known as the Opening of the Legal Year. The ceremony was generally held on the first Monday in January following the

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with effect from 1 April 1867, the Court of Judicature was replaced by the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements. The Governor and Resident Councillors ceased to be judges of the Court. Further changes to the Court's constitution were made in 1873. It now consisted of two divisions – the Chief

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collar made of two rectangular pieces tied at the throat). Subsequently, the ordinary and ceremonial dress worn by judges was adapted from two of the various forms of court dress of English courts. On 9 January 1993, at the Opening of the Legal Year, the Chief Justice announced that judges would

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in any case where adherence to such prior decisions would cause injustice in a particular case or constrain the development of the law in conformity with the circumstances of Singapore. Therefore, whilst this court will continue to treat such prior decisions as normally binding, this court will,

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to an inquiry panel appointed by the Chief Justice. The inquiry panel investigates the complaint and reports on the matter to the council. The council, on considering the report, may decide that no formal investigation is necessary, impose a penalty on the lawyer concerned, or apply to the Chief

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must apply to the Court for such an order, and the Court must be satisfied that the person has "habitually and persistently and without any reasonable ground instituted vexatious legal proceedings, in any court or subordinate court, whether against the same person or against different persons".

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SCJA, s. 29A(3), which states: "For the purposes of and incidental to — (a) the hearing and determination of any appeal to the Court of Appeal; and (b) the amendment, execution and enforcement of any judgment or order made on such an appeal, the Court of Appeal shall have all the authority and

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The High Court hears both criminal and civil cases as a court of first instance – it can deal with trials of matters coming before the courts for the first time. A special aspect of the Court's original jurisdiction is its judicial review jurisdiction. The Court exercises two types of judicial

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A Chief Executive of Judiciary Administration and Operations position was established on 1 February 2013. The Chief Executive's main responsibilities include overseeing the administration and operations of the Supreme Court. Court Administrators assist the Chief Executive in carrying out these

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at the Opening of the Legal Year ceremony on 7 January 2006. There are 12 civil courts, eight criminal courts and three appellate courts. High Court hearings take place in courtrooms on the second through sixth storeys, while the Court of Appeal is on the ninth storey, the highest level, in a

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The Court of Appeal is made up of the Chief Justice, who is the President of the Court, and the Judges of Appeal. The Chief Justice may ask High Court judges to sit as judges of the Court of Appeal to hear specific appeals. Pursuant to the Chief Justice's power to appoint Judges of Appeal as

1120:. The speeches generally summarise legal developments over the past year and look forward to the future, and the Attorney-General and Law Society President traditionally pledge that legal officers and legal practitioners will continue to support the judiciary and co-operate with each other. 1455:, though, a High Court judge will generally not depart from a previous decision unless there is a good reason to do so, particularly if that decision has stood for some time. If there are conflicting High Court decisions, it is up to the Court of Appeal to decide which decision is correct. 1434:(judicial precedent) decisions of the Court of Appeal are binding on the High Court and Subordinate Courts. Even if judges in these courts disagree with the reasoning given by the Court of Appeal in particular cases, they are required to apply the legal principles laid down in those cases. 837:(1942–1945), all the courts that had operated under the British were replaced by new courts established by the Japanese Military Administration. The Syonan Koto-Hoin (Supreme Court) was formed on 29 May 1942; there was also a Court of Appeal, but it was never convened. Following the end of 1943: 1205:

may be submitted to the Court for determination. During a Subordinate Court trial, instead of applying for the trial judge to state a case for the High Court's opinion, a party to the proceedings may apply to the Court of Appeal for leave for a case to be stated directly to that Court.

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outside the Supreme Court, then being met by the Registrar, Deputy Registrar and Sheriff. The four gentlemen made their way to the Chief Justice's chambers in the courthouse, the route lined by police officers and members of the Bar. By 1926, the practice of attending a service at

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Supreme Court of Judicature (Transfer of Matrimonial, Divorce and Guardianship of Infants Proceedings to District Court) Order 2007 (S. 672/2007), para. 2(1); Supreme Court of Judicature (Transfer of Proceedings Pursuant to Section 17A(2)) Order 2007 (S. 673/2007), para.

1107:

The opening of each legal year is marked with a ceremony usually held on the first Saturday of January, though in 2011 it took place on the first Friday. In form it is a court hearing, though lawyers are not required to dress in court robes. During the ceremony, the

789:. The Third Charter of Justice of 12 August 1855 reorganised the Court, providing the Straits Settlements with two Recorders, one for Prince of Wales' Island and the other for Singapore and Malacca. Following the reconstitution of the Straits Settlements as a 1511:

From January 1934, judges began consistently wearing wigs in court, and most lawyers followed suit. There was, however, occasional criticism of the practice. The wearing of short wigs by lawyers was optional, and tended to be favoured by more senior lawyers.

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who does not ordinarily reside in Singapore or Malaysia and who has special qualifications or experience to practise as an advocate and solicitor for the purpose of the case. Lawyers practising as advocates and solicitors, other than Queen's Counsel admitted

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The present Supreme Court Building at 1 Supreme Court Lane (formerly Colombo Court) behind the old building was constructed between 2002 and 2005. Occupying 72,000 square metres (780,000 sq ft), it was designed by British architectural firm

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jurisdiction of the court or tribunal from which the appeal was brought." See also s. 37(2), which provides that in relation to civil appeals "the Court of Appeal shall have all the powers and duties, as to amendment or otherwise, of the High Court".

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and lift shafts, and the open layout of the building, are said to signify the ideal of transparency in the law. Operations in the building started on 20 June 2005, the first hearings took place on 27 June, and the building was officially opened by

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Senior Assistant Registrars and Assistant Registrars. These officers are appointed by the President on the Chief Justice's recommendation, and are members of the Singapore Judicial Service. Registrars deal with certain types of court proceedings

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the writer said that when he first arrived in Malaya seven years earlier he had been "astonished" to discover that judges and barristers did not don wigs, which he felt were "an important or necessary part of Court attire". Full-bottomed (long)

3104:

Supreme Court of Judicature (Transfer of Matrimonial, Divorce and Guardianship of Infants Proceedings to District Court) Order 2007, para. 2(2); Supreme Court of Judicature (Transfer of Proceedings Pursuant to Section 17A(2)) Order 2007, para.

810:. In 1878 the jurisdiction and residence of judges was made more flexible, thus impliedly abolishing the geographical division of the Supreme Court. Appeals from decisions of the Supreme Court lay first to the Court of Appeal and then to the 1104:. In general, the High Court and Court of Appeal sits throughout the year except during the mid-year and end-year court vacations (usually end of May to end of June, and the beginning of December to the beginning of January respectively). 752:

for a term exceeding ten years, are prosecuted in the High Court. Non-bailable offences are generally tried in the High Court. As a rule of thumb, the High Court in Singapore has inherent jurisdiction to try all matters within Singapore.

1200:

Where criminal matters are concerned, the Court only hears appeals from cases originating in the High Court. Matters heard by the High Court on appeal from the Subordinate Courts cannot be further appealed to the Court of Appeal, though

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has been Vice-President of the Court since 18 April 2008. The High Court consists of the Chief Justice and the Judges of the High Court, together with Judicial Commissioners who have the same powers and immunities as High Court Judges.

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The Chief Justice is empowered to determine the sitting times of the High Court and the Court of Appeal and the distribution of business among judges, and to schedule vacations of the Supreme Court not exceeding two months in each

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A district court is generally entitled to hear and try actions where the amount in dispute does not exceed the district court limit, which is S$ 250,000: SCA, ss. 20, 21, 25, 26(b)–(f), 28 and 29, read with s. 2(b) (definition of

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250,000. Probate matters are commenced in the High Court only if the value of the deceased's estate exceeds $ 3 million, or if the case involves the resealing of a foreign grant of probate or letters of administration.

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whenever it appears right to do so, depart from such prior decisions. Bearing in mind the danger of retrospectively disturbing contractual, proprietary and other legal rights, this power will be exercised sparingly.

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Mr. Earnshaw inspired some more than ordinary interest, particular among members of the Bar, by his appearance in a full-bottomed ceremonial wig – an article of adornment and dignity that has seldom been seen in

2169:

Constitution, Article 94(1): "The Supreme Court shall consist of the Court of Appeal and the High Court with such jurisdiction and powers as are conferred on those Courts by this Constitution or any written

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in Singapore. This set the trend for subsequent years. It appears that the parade by police officers during which Chief Justice inspected a guard of honour was abolished in the late 1960s or early 1970s.

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As a result of legislation passed in 1885, the Supreme Court consisted of the Chief Justice and three puisne judges. The Court was significantly altered in 1907. It now had two divisions, one exercising

1474:, no court – including the Court of Appeal – may subsequently question the Tribunal's opinion on the bill or, assuming the bill is found to be constitutional, the validity of any law based on the bill. 4680: 1451:

Decisions of the High Court are binding on District Courts and Magistrates' Courts. However, a judge of the High Court is not bound by previous decisions by other High Court judges. As a matter of

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wigs were, however, worn on ceremonial occasions such as the opening of the assizes. Two judges were notable for habitually wearing wigs: Justice Earnshaw, who wore a full-bottomed one; and

1123:

The Opening of the Legal Year ceremony can be traced back to the ceremonial opening of the first assizes of the year which was held in the 19th century when Singapore was managed by the

4770: 1694:. Originally, the courthouse had four courts; another seven were added over the years. As this proved insufficient because of the Supreme Court's burgeoning caseload, at Chief Justice 1397:, which has power to order that a lawyer be struck off the roll of advocates and solicitors, suspended from practice for not more than five years, fined up to $ 100,000, or censured. 1921:

These changes were respectively effected by the Judicial Duties Act (No. 3 of 1867) (Straits Settlements) and the Supreme Court Ordinance 1868 (No. 5 of 1868) (Straits Settlements).

1663:. The courthouse was occupied by the court till 1875, when it moved into a new extension wing of Maxwell House. Maxwell House was eventually taken over by the legislature in 1954. 4685: 841:, the courts that had existed before the war were restored. There was no change in the judicial system when the Straits Settlements were dissolved in 1946, and Singapore became a 3252: 2249: 4595: 2269: 1896: 1131:

were periodic criminal courts held in Singapore. The ceremony ceased for some years but was revived in 1923. In that year the ceremony involved the Chief Justice inspecting a

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formed the Singapore and Malacca division of the Court, while the Judge of Penang and the Junior Puisne Judge formed the Penang division. The Supreme Court also received

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Up to the early 20th century wigs were not consistently worn in court by judges in Singapore, apparently due to the hot climate – in a letter of 13 February 1934 to

897:), and a High Court in Singapore (which replaced the Supreme Court of the Colony of Singapore). Appeals lay from the High Court in Singapore to the Federal Court in 4585: 1502:, Chief Justice between 1921 and 1925, who wore a short bob-wig. Upon his retirement, Shaw C.J. said that he had introduced the custom of wearing his wig in court 5310: 5362: 4570: 1690:

is due to be retrieved in the year 3000. The Supreme Court Building was declared open by the Governor on 3 August 1939 and handed over to the Chief Justice Sir

1037:

As of May 2022, the Supreme Court comprise 28 judges - including the chief justice and four judges of appeal - three senior judges and 17 international judges.

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In colonial times, a judge in Singapore dressed in a manner similar to some of his counterparts in the United Kingdom. He wore a long scarlet robe with a grey

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completing their professional training and seeking admission to the bar at this time of year. Where a case is difficult and complex, the Court may admit on an

1241:(legal fees) if they choose to bring a civil case before the High Court when it is more appropriately dealt with by a subordinate court. Generally, except in 1079:, who work directly under the Chief Justice's charge, assist Judges and Judicial Commissioners with legal research, particularly for Court of Appeal matters. 4055: 3667:

The Assizes service was held at St. Andrew's Cathedral, the red robes and long wigs of the three judges ... contrasting with the black robes of the lawyers.

2542: 2376: 1640: 778: 3997:(1996), "Speech Delivered at the Opening of the Legal Year 1993, 9 January 1993", in Hoo Sheau Peng; Lee Shen Dee; Phang Hsiao Chung; See Kee Oon (eds.), 3628:(1996), "Speech Delivered at the Opening of the Legal Year 1993, 9 January 1993", in Hoo Sheau Peng; Lee Shen Dee; Phang Hsiao Chung; See Kee Oon (eds.), 3579:(1996), "Speech Delivered at the Opening of the Legal Year 1991, 5 January 1991", in Hoo Sheau Peng; Lee Shen Dee; Phang Hsiao Chung; See Kee Oon (eds.), 5717: 5469: 4751: 1743:

disc-shaped structure that is a modern interpretation of the Old Supreme Court Building's dome and is intended to represent the impartiality of justice.

107: 50: 5611: 5236: 5103: 2719:

Opening of the Legal Year 2011: Speech of Attorney-General Sundaresh Menon SC as Delivered at the Opening of the Legal Year 2011 held on 7 January 2011

1463: 1418: 2990: 1630:. It was built in 1827 as a residence for a merchant named John Argyle Maxwell, but he opted to rent it to the colonial government for a rent of 500 5601: 5344: 1816:

The date of commencement of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1969 (No. 24 of 1969), now the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (

1651:. However, the Maxwell House annexe proved to be unsuitable as a courthouse due to noise from a nearby shipbuilding yard. A new courthouse by the 5591: 4927: 1355: 688: 3010:

Although judicial review of administrative acts by the High Court is not mentioned in any statute, the Court is specifically empowered to issue

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deliver speeches. The Chief Justice then responds with his own speech, and also announces the names of advocates and solicitors appointed as

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end-of-year court vacation, but in 1971 for the first time it was held on the first Saturday in January to coincide with the inaugural

36: 4029: 4635: 2048:

The change was effected by the Courts of Judicature Act 1963 (No. 7 of 1964, Malaysia), reprinted as Act No. RS(A) 6 of 1966 in the

5506: 5441: 5339: 5291: 4987: 4790: 2717: 2691: 2266:. With effect from 11 April 2010, Chao J.A. was reappointed Judge of Appeal and Vice-President of the Court for another two years: 1163: 2627: 1091: 5678: 5419: 5377: 4901: 4744: 4660: 3953: 3756: 2601: 2521: 902: 815: 533: 4082: 5367: 3018:, were issued by the court in the exercise of its judicial review jurisdiction: SCJA, s. 18(2) read with the 1st Sch., para. 1. 978: 395: 661: 5652: 4964: 4795: 4282: 4263: 4244: 4217: 4198: 4180: 4142: 4006: 3984: 3943: 3811: 3588: 3348: 3127:

Supreme Court of Judicature (Transfer of Mental Capacity Proceedings to District Court) Order 2010 (S. 104/2010), para. 2(1).

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is as follows: generally, a civil case is commenced in the High Court if the subject matter of the claim exceeds S$ 250,000.

428: 2666: 5565: 4954: 4387: 3541:

D.E.S. Chelliah (3 June 1978), "Should judges wear wigs?: Clothes, they say, make the man – but do wigs make the judge? ",

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in its own right, except that the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements became known as the Supreme Court of Singapore.

425: 2948:

SCJA, ss. 44(5), 59(1) and 59(4); Criminal Procedure Code 2010 (No. 15 of 2010) ("CPC"), ss. 395(1) and (4).

2629:

Speech of Attorney General Professor Walter Woon as Delivered at the Opening of the Legal Year 2010 Held on 9 January 2010

4937: 1146: 681: 632: 1220: 1216: 5732: 5616: 5226: 5037: 4737: 4470: 1787: 1149:

prior to the honour guard inspection had been revived, and in 1955 it was reported that a service was also held at the

1045: 1335:. The Court therefore plays important roles in the admission of lawyers to the bar and their professional discipline. 5631: 5474: 5414: 5286: 5092: 4959: 4805: 4800: 909:

for both civil and criminal appeals was established. Appeals to the Privy Council were completely abolished in 1994.

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advising members of the public to make enquiries at the Supreme Court Registry rather than from unauthorised persons

5737: 5575: 4675: 4580: 1359: 834: 4065: 3560:

Charmaine Chan (9 May 1989), "New lawyers find it hard to get robes: Only S'pore tailor making them has retired",

1635:

so that the latter could be used entirely by the colonial government. Maxwell eventually sold the building to Sir

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For instance, the Opening of the Legal Year ceremony was held on the first Saturday of January in 1972 and 1973:

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exceeds S$ 3 million or if the case involves the resealing of a foreign grant. In addition, ancillary matters in

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Formerly, a lawyer appearing in open court would wear a dark suit, a shirt with a wing collar, bands, and an

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men – the English judges, who have done so much to establish and maintain the freedom of the English people.

1157:

judges and lawyers. Church services ceased to be an official part of the ceremony when Singapore joined the

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The earliest predecessor of the Supreme Court was the Court of Judicature of Prince of Wales' Island (now

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Kevin Y L Tan (2005), "A Short Legal and Constitutional History of Singapore", in Kevin Y L Tan (ed.),

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The High Court exercises powers that are vested in it by written law. It may, for instance, order that

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proceedings are exclusively heard by the High Court. The Court also exercises jurisdiction relating to

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and Resident Councillor of the settlement where the court was to be held, and another judge called the

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The first courthouse in Singapore was the building known previously as Maxwell House and today as the

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rank among themselves according to the priority of their appointments: SCJA, s. 29(4) read with s. 4.

2137: 1767: 1467: 1385:, are required to apply annually to the Registrar of the Supreme Court for a practising certificate. 925: 878: 612: 366: 353: 150: 4108:

Wee, D. Y. T. (18 July 2006), "Singapore New Supreme Court Building – Marrying Form and Function",

2065:

Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1969 (No. 24 of 1969), now the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (

1346:

traditionally deal with non-contentious legal matters that do not require court appearances. As the

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columnist wrote that "ust some years ago" the Chief Justice would review a parade mounted by the

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East India Company, ... there was a very special ceremony, a service in the Cathedral and so on.

2271:

Re-appointment of Vice-President of Court of Appeal [Registrar's Circular No. 4 of 2010]

5494: 5276: 5200: 5164: 4932: 4917: 4881: 4650: 4610: 4565: 4500: 4475: 4465: 4450: 4035: 2909: 1866:, Singapore: Singapore Academy of Law; Marshall Cavendish Academic, pp. 93–138 at 99–100, 1736: 1670:, began in 1937 on the site of the Grand Hotel de L'Europe on Saint Andrew's Road opposite the 1656: 1589: 1459: 1388:

Complaints about the conduct of advocates and solicitors may be referred by the Council of the

1186: 1006: 956: 827: 807: 625: 493: 489: 476: 4092: 3254:

Admission of Advocates and Solicitors in May 2010 [Registrar's Circular No. 2 of 2010]

1226:

With a few limited exceptions, the High Court has the jurisdiction to hear and try any action

717:. It hears both civil and criminal matters. The Court of Appeal hears both civil and criminal 4535: 4490: 4485: 3719:

These requirements appear to originate from Law Society guidelines dating back to the 1970s:

3343:(2nd ed.), Singapore: Singapore University Press, pp. 297–324 at 298, 301 and 306, 2251:

Appointment of Vice-President of Court of Appeal [Registrar's Circular No. 4 of 2008]

1772: 1727: 1394: 1190: 1002: 967:

from these courts. As a court of record, it keeps a perpetual record of its proceedings. The

823: 322: 4729: 3481:"Judge who introduced full bottomed wig to Malaya: Sir Walter Shaw's fine career recalled", 1245:

matters, a civil case must be commenced in the High Court if the value of the claim exceeds

5621: 5174: 4886: 4039: 1797: 1699: 1619: 1347: 1332: 1318: 1301: 1095:

An invitation card for the Opening of the Legal Year 2011, which was held on 7 January 2011

864: 523: 1598: 440: 30: 8: 5596: 4373: 1739: 1715: 1499: 1471: 1428:

As the highest court of Singapore and its final appellate court, under the principles of

1238: 1071:

Court. The Registry is also staffed by commissioners for oaths, interpreters, clerks and

782: 3041:). Thus, where the amount exceeds the limit, the case must be brought in the High Court. 2726: 2697: 5570: 2986: 2912:

but now the ceremony "is held indoors" (Hwang, "T F Hwang takes you down memory lane").

2640: 2012: 1644: 1569: 1377: 1338:

Persons seeking to become advocates and solicitors must apply to the Supreme Court. An

1294: 1124: 1072: 3959: 3762: 3435:"Singapore Assizes: Trial of Kwong Yik Bank director: Alleged violation of articles", 2607: 2527: 1682:. Beneath the stone were placed six Singapore newspapers dated 31 March 1937 and some 5464: 4714: 4327: 4307: 4278: 4259: 4240: 4213: 4194: 4176: 4160: 4138: 4002: 3980: 3939: 3938:, Singapore: Singapore Academy of Law; Marshall Cavendish Academic, pp. 93–138, 3934:

Chionh, Mavis (2005), "The Development of the Court System", in Kevin Y L Tan (ed.),

3807: 3584: 3344: 2904: 2492: 2020: 1867: 1842: 1683: 1671: 1573: 1549: 1489: 1363: 1232:(that is, directed towards a particular person) where the defendant is served with a 1862:

Mavis Chionh (2005), "The Development of the Court System", in Kevin Y L Tan (ed.),

5143: 3011: 2548: 1994: 1900: 1777: 1553: 1537: 1351: 1246: 811: 786: 655: 361: 241: 218: 3696:"New court attire: 'It's not the wig, but the grey cells under it that matter!'", 1610: 2713: 2674: 1950: 1719: 1691: 1652: 1202: 1135: 948: 803: 565: 185: 4153:

The Supreme Court and Subordinate Courts of Singapore: A Charter for Court Users

2398: 1679: 1675: 1648: 1405: 1265: 1117: 944: 795: 774: 587: 582: 413: 398: 290: 271: 4256:

In Session: Supreme Court Singapore: The Building, her Heritage and her People

5711: 4708: 4331: 4311: 4164: 3994: 3625: 3576: 2662: 1695: 1636: 1516: 1430: 1269: 1253: 1194: 1101: 1063: 1031: 1022: 745: 510: 122: 109: 65: 52: 2871:

T.F. Hwang (4 January 1972), "Supreme Court to again break with tradition",

331: 4110:

The Structural Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Structural Engineers

1830: 1687: 960: 952: 913: 898: 842: 838: 799: 790: 749: 734: 726: 592: 248: 4360: 4355: 2096:

Chionh, "Development of the Court System", pp. 108, 110–111, 113–114, 116.

1912:

By the Supreme Court Ordinance 1868 (No. 5 of 1868) (Straits Settlements).

1304:

from bringing or continuing legal proceedings without its permission. The

873:

Singapore gained independence from the United Kingdom through merger with

4718: 4365: 4228: 3336: 2623: 1606:, which was used as a courthouse from 1827 to 1865, and from 1875 to 1939 1552:

and a black scarf around his shoulders, a white wing-collared shirt, and

1257: 1228: 994: 741:

involving assets of S$ 1.5 million or above are heard in the High Court.

597: 4351:

Recent Court of Appeal and High Court judgments from Singapore Law Watch

1674:. On 1 April 1937 the building's foundation stone – then the largest in 4236: 3799: 3015: 1422: 1414: 1342:

is a lawyer who appears in court on behalf of his or her client, while

1067: 738: 3920: 3899: 3339:(1999), "The Doctrine of Judicial Precedent", in Kevin Y L Tan (ed.), 2879:

T.F. Hwang (12 January 1974), "T F Hwang takes you down memory lane",

2157: 2141: 2066: 1817: 1515:

At the Opening of the Legal Year on 5 January 1991, the Chief Justice

3913: 3906: 3201: 3115: 3064: 2967: 2189: 1495: 1343: 1324: 1076: 1059: 929: 770: 706: 1971:

By the Courts Ordinance 1907 (No. XXX of 1907, Straits Settlements).

971:

is the upper division of the Supreme Court, the lower one being the

769:, which was established by the Second Charter of Justice, issued by 5112: 4212:(rev. ed.), Singapore: Talisman Publishing, pp. 107–131, 3632:, Singapore: FT Law & Tax Asia Pacific, pp. 71–82 at 79–80 3457:

Anak Singapore (21 June 1937), "Notes of the Day: Singapore wigs",

1930:

By the Courts Ordinance 1878 (No. 3 of 1878) (Straits Settlements).

1655:

was built in 1865. This building now forms the central core of the

1339: 1290: 1158: 874: 3583:, Singapore: FT Law & Tax Asia Pacific, pp. 31–38 at 36, 4345: 1242: 1233: 1140: 1128: 1005:

of the High Court. All members of the Bench are appointed by the

894: 766: 730: 168: 4208:

Tan, Kevin Y L (2011), "Without Fear or Favour: The Judiciary",

1009:

if he, acting in his discretion, concurs with the advice of the

2486: 1698:'s direction six additional courtrooms were constructed in the 1452: 1372: 1189:

in civil and criminal matters. In other words, it possesses no

964: 905:

remained Singapore's highest appellate court until a permanent

886: 762: 718: 3505:"Wigs on the Bench: Justice Prichard sets fashion in Penang", 2606:, Supreme Court of Singapore, 11 December 2009, archived from 963:

is unlimited compared to the Subordinate Courts, and it hears

4759: 3473:"Sir Walter Shaw: Bar's tributes to retiring Chief Justice", 1557: 890: 733:

matters are dealt with in the High Court if the value of the

4173:

Supreme Court Singapore: Excellence into the Next Millennium

4001:, Singapore: FT Law & Tax Asia Pacific, pp. 71–82, 2087:

By the Judicial Committee (Repeal) Act 1994 (No. 2 of 1994).

5637:

Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019

3363:

Practice Statement (Judicial Precedent) 2 S.L.R. 689, C.A.

1722:. The building is clad in translucent sheets of Portuguese 1545: 1132: 777:

dated 27 November 1826. The Court was presided over by the

276: 35:

The new Supreme Court Building opened in 2005, designed by

4081:

Tan, Eugene; Chan, Gary (13 April 2009), "The Judiciary",

4300:

Singapore Academy of Law Annual Review of Singapore Cases

4191:

Supreme Court Singapore: The Re-organisation of the 1990s

3958:, Supreme Court of Singapore, 21 May 2010, archived from 3761:, Supreme Court of Singapore, 21 May 2010, archived from 3513:"Bar dons wigs: Unique event in Malaya's legal history", 2526:, Supreme Court of Singapore, 21 May 2010, archived from 1576:" made of silk, a silk and wool mix, or artificial silk. 997:

consists of the Chief Justice, the Judges of Appeal, and

3050:

SCA, ss. 26(a) and 27, read with s. 2(a) (definition of

1835:

From Foundation to Legacy: The Second Charter of Justice

877:

in 1963. The judicial power of Malaysia was vested in a

3782: 3780: 3596:"No more wigs and no more 'Your Lordship' from today", 1980:

Chionh, "Development of the Court System", pp. 104–106.

1829: 912:

The first woman to serve as a supreme court justice is

4254:

Thian, Yee Sze; Chong, Chin Chin; Lim, Sharon (2002),

2667:"President's Speech at Opening of the Legal Year 2010" 1622:, which housed the Supreme Court between 1939 and 2005 4771:

Text of the Constitution at Singapore Statutes Online

3999:

Speeches and Judgments of Chief Justice Yong Pung How

3630:

Speeches and Judgments of Chief Justice Yong Pung How

3581:

Speeches and Judgments of Chief Justice Yong Pung How

2993:, 3 S.L.R.(R.) 209 at 231, para. 50, archived from 2491:, Singapore: Supreme Court of Singapore, p. 32, 2369:"Role and structure of the Supreme Court - structure" 253: 4027: 3777: 3403:

M.T.S. (13 February 1934), "The wigs controversy ",

2814:

A.C. Dumper (20 January 1966), "Assizes ceremony ",

2039:

By the Malaysia Act 1963 (No. 26 of 1963, Malaysia).

1536:

wearing a black robe with a wing-collared shirt and

5647:

Third-Party Taxi Booking Service Providers Act 2015

4277:, Singapore: Academy Publishing, pp. 451–567, 3419:"The first assizes: Ceremonial opening yesterday", 3381:

Woon, "The Doctrine of Judicial Precedent", p. 306.

2747:"Singapore Assizes: Yesterday's official opening", 2078:

Constitution (Amendment) Act 1969 (No. 19 of 1969).

1217:

judicial review under the Constitution of Singapore

160:

Tenure until the age of 65, but may be re-appointed

5237:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal 5104:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal 4346:Official website of the Supreme Court of Singapore 3751: 3749: 3747: 3745: 3674:The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 3655:The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 3647:The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 3515:The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 3507:The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 3499:The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 3421:The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 2966:See, for example, the Subordinate Courts Act ( 2106: 1464:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal 1419:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal 744:Criminal cases involving offences which carry the 4356:Selected Court of Appeal judgments from CommonLII 1666:Construction on a new courthouse, now called the 5709: 5602:Liquor Control (Supply and Consumption) Act 2015 3645:"Governor opens Singapore's new Supreme Court", 3497:"Lawyers and wigs: New judge sets the example", 3163:SCJA, s. 18(2) read with the 1st Sch., para. 19. 3154:SCJA, s. 18(2) read with the 1st Sch., para. 10. 2846:"High Court ceremonial opening for legal year", 1709:The new and old Supreme Court buildings at night 1021:vice-presidents of the Court, Justice of Appeal 5592:Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act 2021 4193:, Singapore: Supreme Court of Singapore, 1994, 4175:, Singapore: Supreme Court of Singapore, 1999, 3742: 3721:"Survey of woman lawyers on dress guidelines", 3555: 3553: 3540: 3452: 3450: 3398: 3396: 3145:SCJA, s. 18(2) read with the 1st Sch., para. 5. 2742: 2740: 2712: 1962:Ordinance No. XV of 1885 (Straits Settlements). 4155:, Singapore: Supreme Court of Singapore & 3604:"A change of wig, robe and title for judges", 3559: 3456: 2784:Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 2768:Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 2749:Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 2689: 2656: 2654: 1793:Judicial officers of the Republic of Singapore 5607:Medical (Therapy, Education and Research) Act 5128: 4745: 4381: 4253: 3704:"Lawyers take to new fashion in the courts", 3624: 3575: 3250: 2896:"Importance of teamwork – by Chief Justice", 2725:, Attorney-General's Chambers, archived from 2661: 2267: 2247: 2006: 1323:All advocates and solicitors admitted to the 682: 223: 4361:Selected High Court judgments from CommonLII 4233:Constitutional Law in Malaysia and Singapore 3804:The Singapore Parliament: The House We Built 3620: 3618: 3616: 3550: 3447: 3393: 3260:, Supreme Court of Singapore, archived from 2838:"Bishop will preach at legal year service", 2737: 2696:, Supreme Court of Singapore, archived from 2277:, Supreme Court of Singapore, archived from 2257:, Supreme Court of Singapore, archived from 2152: 2150: 1861: 1702:next door in 1986, and another six in 1988. 919: 5697:List of acts of the Parliament of Singapore 4210:An Introduction to Singapore's Constitution 3335: 2813: 2651: 2622: 2457:Structure of the Singapore Judicial Service 295: 5718:Buildings and structures completed in 2005 5135: 5121: 4752: 4738: 4395: 4388: 4374: 4275:A Treatise on Singapore Constitutional Law 3798: 2982:Chan Hiang Leng Colin v. Public Prosecutor 2878: 2870: 2766:"Assize judge attends Cathedral service", 1170: 689: 675: 4761:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 4258:, Singapore: Supreme Court of Singapore, 4129:Chan, Helena HM (1995), "The Judiciary", 3979:, Singapore: Supreme Court of Singapore, 3896:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 3613: 3525:"Wigs in court: Unique event in Penang", 2603:Republic of Singapore Court Calendar 2010 2147: 2138:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 1579: 926:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 828:appellate civil and criminal jurisdiction 5442:Singapore International Mediation Centre 5292:Presidential Council for Minority Rights 4988:Presidential Council for Minority Rights 3977:Hall of Justice: Supreme Court Singapore 3672:"Pageant in red and Singapore Assizes", 3653:"New Supreme Court opened by Governor", 3372:Practice Statement (Judicial Precedent). 3331: 3329: 2798:"Ceremonial opening of the High Court", 2693:Response of Chief Justice Chan Sek Keong 2489:Hall of Justice: Supreme Court Singapore 1704: 1609: 1597: 1527: 1404: 1312: 1164:Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 1090: 1044: 977: 847: 824:original civil and criminal jurisdiction 814:, the latter appeals being heard by the 5679:Integrated Electronic Litigation System 5470:Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act 4226: 4080: 2108:"S'pore's First Woman High Court Judge" 951:. It is superior in the sense that its 903:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 816:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 5710: 5612:Mental Health (Care and Treatment) Act 5373:Relevant and irrelevant considerations 4273:Thio, Li-ann (2012), "The Judiciary", 3933: 3806:, Singapore: Times Media, p. 18, 3402: 3116:Cap. 177A, 2010 Rev. Ed. 1803: 1221:judicial review of administrative acts 5653:Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014 5116: 4965:Non-constituency Member of Parliament 4733: 4369: 4028:Faizah binte Zakaria (5 April 2011), 3921:Cap. 322, 2007 Rev. Ed. 3919:Supreme Court of Judicature Act ( 3914:Cap. 321, 2007 Rev. Ed. 3907:Cap. 161, 2009 Rev. Ed. 3643:See, for example, the photographs at 3326: 3202:Cap. 161, 2009 Rev. Ed. 3065:Cap. 251, 2000 Rev. Ed. 2968:Cap. 321, 2007 Rev. Ed. 2822:"Ceremonial opening of the Assizes", 2190:Cap. 161, 2009 Rev. Ed. 2158:Cap. 322, 2007 Rev. Ed. 2156:Supreme Court of Judicature Act ( 2119:from the original on 31 December 2019 2067:Cap. 322, 2007 Rev. Ed. 1991:Straits Settlements (Repeal) Act 1946 1818:Cap. 322, 2007 Rev. Ed. 1594:Old Supreme Court Building, Singapore 1400: 1300:The High Court has power to prohibit 916:, who was sworn in on 30 April 1994. 859:, the present Supreme Court Building 5566:Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act 5142: 4272: 4128: 3993: 3974: 3739:(2006 Ed.), pt. II, p. 10, para. 15. 3063:Probate and Administration Act ( 2544:Supreme Court appoints its first CEO 2050:Singapore Reprints Supplement (Acts) 1726:marble. The liberal use of glass in 1718:and local architectural consultants 1256:matters, bankruptcy proceedings and 748:and generally those punishable with 5507:Prevention of Human Trafficking Act 4207: 4107: 1641:Governor of the Straits Settlements 1185:The Court of Appeal exercises only 13: 5617:Newspaper and Printing Presses Act 5378:Substantive legitimate expectation 4016: 3251:Foo Chee Hock (12 February 2010), 2894:An inspection took place in 1968 ( 2690:Chan Sek Keong (20 January 2010), 2099: 1788:Judicial independence in Singapore 1180: 14: 5749: 5723:Government buildings in Singapore 5632:Personal Data Protection Act 2012 5420:Procedural legitimate expectation 5084:Special powers against subversion 4960:Group Representation Constituency 4339: 3936:Essays in Singapore Legal History 3737:Supreme Court Practice Directions 2379:from the original on 2 April 2023 2009:Essays in Singapore Legal History 1864:Essays in Singapore Legal History 1413:, Singapore's official series of 1264:; and to appoint and control the 1040: 5576:Administration of Muslim Law Act 5309: 4713: 4704: 4703: 3868: 3856: 3844: 3832: 3820: 3792: 3730: 3713: 3681: 3637: 3569: 3534: 3490: 3466: 3428: 3412: 3384: 3375: 3366: 3357: 3317: 3308: 3299: 3290: 2409:from the original on 23 May 2022 1678:– was laid by the Governor, Sir 1628:Arts House at the Old Parliament 1604:Arts House at the Old Parliament 1602:Maxwell House, now known as the 1360:National University of Singapore 835:Japanese occupation of Singapore 649: 439: 330: 29: 5658:Workplace Safety and Health Act 4157:Subordinate Courts of Singapore 3517:, p. 6, 19 February 1934, 3281: 3272: 3243: 3234: 3225: 3216: 3207: 3194: 3185: 3176: 3166: 3157: 3148: 3139: 3130: 3121: 3108: 3098: 3088: 3079: 3070: 3057: 3044: 3030: 3021: 3004: 2973: 2960: 2951: 2942: 2933: 2924: 2915: 2888: 2863: 2831: 2807: 2791: 2775: 2759: 2705: 2682: 2615: 2593: 2584: 2575: 2566: 2535: 2514: 2505: 2480: 2448: 2439: 2430: 2421: 2391: 2361: 2352: 2343: 2334: 2325: 2316: 2307: 2298: 2289: 2268:Foo Chee Hock (13 April 2010), 2248:Foo Chee Hock (18 April 2008), 2241: 2232: 2223: 2214: 2204: 2195: 2182: 2173: 2163: 2131: 2090: 2081: 2072: 2059: 2042: 2033: 2000: 1983: 1974: 1965: 1956: 1586:Old Parliament House, Singapore 1368:Singapore Management University 1262:divorce and matrimonial matters 1175: 5642:Silver Support Scheme Act 2015 5512:Protection from Harassment Act 5500:Section 377A of the Penal Code 4970:Nominated Member of Parliament 3975:Kwek, Mean Luck , ed. (2006), 3927: 3889: 3665:, p. 12, 6 January 1936, 3661:"Assizes open with ceremony", 3529:, p. 12, 19 February 1934 2751:, p. 7, 10 January 1923, 1933: 1924: 1915: 1906: 1889: 1880: 1855: 1823: 1810: 1647:on 10 October 1842 for 15,600 1477: 1151:Cathedral of the Good Shepherd 940:is the head of the judiciary. 254: 224: 1: 4131:The Legal System of Singapore 3884: 3700:, p. 29, 13 January 1993 3692:, p. 21, 10 January 1993 3608:, p. 2, 25 November 1996 3423:, p. 11, 18 January 1928 3085:SCJA, ss. 17(a), (d) and (e). 2826:, p. 22, 17 January 1966 2487:Kwek Mean Luck , ed. (2006), 1532:A 19th-century drawing of an 1348:legal profession in Singapore 1333:officers of the Supreme Court 1209: 932:in the Supreme Court and the 5522:Undesirable Publications Act 5335:Exclusion of judicial review 4786:Exclusion of judicial review 3912:Subordinate Courts Act ( 3509:, p. 9, 8 February 1934 3501:, p. 6, 3 February 1934 2858:, p. 4, 18 January 1967 2850:, p. 4, 17 January 1967 2842:, p. 5, 10 January 1967 2820:, responding to the article 2802:, p. 8, 30 January 1965 2786:, p. 9, 24 January 1955 2770:, p. 9, 13 January 1926 1897:Straits Settlements Act 1866 1758:Court of Appeal of Singapore 1753:Judicial system of Singapore 1438:own or of the Privy Council 1417:containing judgments of the 1062:, such as the assessment of 928:vests the judicial power of 7: 5297:Singaporean nationality law 5075:Singaporean nationality law 4235:(3rd ed.), Singapore: 4021: 3725:, p. 12, 11 March 1978 3708:, p. 23, 10 March 1993 3676:, p. 3, 7 January 1936 3600:, p. 2, 6 January 1991 3485:, p. 12, 26 April 1937 3439:, p. 7, 20 July 1915, 3014:that, according to English 2900:, p. 6, 9 January 1968 2637:Attorney-General's Chambers 2013:Marshall Cavendish Academic 1940:Judicial Committee Act 1844 1746: 1086: 503:Prime Minister of Singapore 10: 5754: 5447:Singapore Mediation Centre 4292: 4084:The Singapore Legal System 3905:Legal Profession Act ( 3657:, p. 5, 4 August 1939 3649:, p. 1, 4 August 1939 3477:, p. 11, 9 April 1925 3390:Constitution, Art. 100(4). 3341:The Singapore Legal System 3200:Legal Profession Act ( 2782:"Opening of the Assizes", 2462:Singapore Judicial Service 2188:Legal Profession Act ( 2019:, pp. 1–72 at 42–44, 1668:Old Supreme Court Building 1661:Asian Civilisations Museum 1616:Old Supreme Court Building 1583: 1466:a question concerning the 1316: 1284: 1051:Old Supreme Court Building 988:Old Supreme Court Building 854:Old Supreme Court Building 756: 703:Supreme Court of Singapore 555:Supreme Court of Singapore 297:சிங்கப்பூர் உச்சநீதிமன்றம் 204:Supreme Court of Singapore 176:Chief Justice of Singapore 24:Supreme Court of Singapore 5733:Downtown Core (Singapore) 5687: 5666: 5627:Payment Services Act 2019 5584: 5558: 5535: 5455: 5432: 5405: 5386: 5353: 5327: 5318: 5307: 5267: 5214: 5193: 5157: 5150: 5101: 5083: 5067: 5046: 4996: 4978: 4910: 4872: 4814: 4778: 4767: 4699: 4659: 4401: 4231:(2010), "The Judiciary", 3114:Mental Capacity Act ( 2854:"Opening of legal year", 2304:Constitution, Art. 94(4). 1768:State Courts of Singapore 1684:Straits Settlements coins 1659:which is occupied by the 1279: 1112:and the President of the 920:Constitution of the Court 354:Constitution of Singapore 303: 296: 289: 284: 270: 265: 247: 240: 235: 231: 217: 212: 208: 203: 191: 181: 174: 164: 156: 151:Constitution of Singapore 146: 138: 99: 81: 47: 43: 28: 23: 5692:Sources of Singapore law 5674:Electronic Filing System 5485:Organised Crime Act 2015 4979:The Presidential Council 4955:Leader of the Opposition 4796:Representative democracy 4461:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 4324:Singapore Academy of Law 4304:Singapore Academy of Law 4122: 4089:Singapore Academy of Law 4062:Law Society of Singapore 2987:[1994] ICHRL 26 2220:SCJA, ss. 29(1) and (4). 2017:Singapore Academy of Law 1839:Singapore Academy of Law 1783:Sources of Singapore law 1523: 1390:Law Society of Singapore 1327:and all officers of the 1114:Law Society of Singapore 426:Leader of the Opposition 312:This article is part of 278:Mahkamah Agung Singapura 5738:National supreme courts 5363:Fettering of discretion 5059:Singapore Legal Service 5054:Singapore Civil Service 4034:, Singapore Infopedia, 2991:[1994] SGHC 207 2599:See, for instance, the 2572:SCJA, ss. 11(1) and 32. 2127:– via LexisNexis. 1831:Andrew Phang Boon Leong 1763:High Court of Singapore 1482: 1329:Singapore Legal Service 1171:Jurisdiction and powers 1015:Singapore Legal Service 943:The Supreme Court is a 889:(now the High Court in 794:Justice and the Senior 169:www.supremecourt.gov.sg 5407:Procedural impropriety 4396:Supreme Courts of Asia 4057:Singapore court system 4036:National Library Board 2201:Constitution, Art. 96. 2179:Constitution, Art. 95. 2160:) ("SCJA"), section 3. 1949:5 January 2023 at the 1944:7 & 8 Vict., c. 69 1710: 1657:Empress Place Building 1623: 1607: 1590:Empress Place Building 1580:Supreme Court Building 1541: 1509: 1445: 1425: 1421:, Court of Appeal and 1187:appellate jurisdiction 1159:Federation of Malaysia 1147:St. Andrew's Cathedral 1096: 1054: 1007:President of Singapore 1003:Judicial Commissioners 990: 870: 852:An aerial view of the 705:is a set of courts in 633:Presidential elections 490:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 477:President of Singapore 277: 255:Xīnjiāpō zuìgāo fǎyuàn 87:; 54 years ago 16:National supreme court 5475:Internal Security Act 5368:Precedent fact errors 5287:Internal Security Act 5227:Judicial independence 5093:Internal Security Act 5038:Judicial independence 4816:Fundamental liberties 4320:Singapore Law Reports 2671:Singapore Law Gazette 1773:Family Justice Courts 1708: 1613: 1601: 1531: 1504: 1440: 1411:Singapore Law Reports 1408: 1395:Court of Three Judges 1313:Regulation of lawyers 1191:original jurisdiction 1094: 1048: 981: 851: 722:the Court of Appeal. 323:Politics of Singapore 123:1.29056°N 103.85056°E 66:1.29056°N 103.85056°E 5622:Pawnbrokers Act 2015 5086:and emergency powers 4806:Separation of powers 4636:United Arab Emirates 4239:, pp. 505–630, 3204:) ("LPA"), s. 82(1). 3076:SCJA, ss. 17(b)–(c). 3052:District Court limit 3039:District Court limit 2997:on 26 October 2012, 2530:on 27 September 2010 1798:Lawyers in Singapore 1462:has referred to the 1319:Lawyers in Singapore 1077:Justices' law clerks 1032:interlocutory orders 883:High Court in Malaya 656:Singapore portal 5728:Courts in Singapore 5597:Income Tax Act 1947 5480:Misuse of Drugs Act 5433:Alternative dispute 4981:for Minority Rights 4663:limited recognition 3520:court without wigs. 3296:LPA, ss. 84 and 85. 3213:LPA, ss. 17 and 18. 2284:on 18 December 2010 2264:on 18 December 2010 1804:Notes and citations 1716:Foster and Partners 1302:vexatious litigants 986:'s chambers in the 783:Straits Settlements 411:Leader of the House 142:Executive selection 119: / 85:9 January 1970 62: / 5320:Administrative law 5194:Legislative branch 5151:Constitutional law 5047:The Public Service 4779:General principles 4137:, pp. 41–68, 4095:on 17 October 2010 4068:on 9 February 2010 3877:, pp. 118 and 125. 3853:, pp. 119 and 122. 3249:See, for example, 3012:prerogative orders 2716:(7 January 2011), 2711:See, for example, 2688:See, for example, 2660:See, for example, 2626:(9 January 2010), 2621:See, for example, 2555:on 24 January 2013 2054:Government Gazette 1841:, pp. 19–23, 1711: 1700:City Hall Building 1645:East India Company 1624: 1620:City Hall Building 1608: 1542: 1500:Walter Sidney Shaw 1426: 1401:Judicial precedent 1258:company winding-up 1125:East India Company 1097: 1055: 993:The Supreme Court 991: 934:Subordinate Courts 924:Article 93 of the 885:, a High Court in 871: 868:(foreground right) 865:City Hall Building 739:family proceedings 139:Composition method 128:1.29056; 103.85056 71:1.29056; 103.85056 5705: 5704: 5465:Arms Offences Act 5428: 5427: 5305: 5304: 5232:Judicial officers 5110: 5109: 5033:Judicial officers 4727: 4726: 4284:978-981-07-1515-1 4265:978-981-04-7671-7 4246:978-981-236-795-2 4219:978-981-08-6456-9 4200:978-9971-88-426-0 4182:978-981-04-1266-1 4144:978-0-409-99789-7 4135:Butterworths Asia 4008:978-981-3069-07-7 3986:978-981-05-5356-2 3945:978-981-210-389-5 3813:978-981-232-144-2 3723:The Straits Times 3706:The Straits Times 3698:The Straits Times 3690:The Straits Times 3663:The Straits Times 3606:The Straits Times 3598:The Straits Times 3590:978-981-3069-07-7 3562:The Straits Times 3543:The Straits Times 3527:The Straits Times 3483:The Straits Times 3475:The Straits Times 3459:The Straits Times 3437:The Straits Times 3405:The Straits Times 3350:978-9971-69-213-1 2902:), but in 1974 a 2898:The Straits Times 2881:The Straits Times 2873:The Straits Times 2856:The Straits Times 2848:The Straits Times 2840:The Straits Times 2824:The Straits Times 2816:The Straits Times 2800:The Straits Times 2665:(February 2010), 2646:on 3 October 2011 2498:978-981-05-5356-2 2113:The Straits Times 2026:978-981-210-389-5 1995:9 & 10 Geo. 6 1901:29 & 30 Vict. 1873:978-981-210-389-5 1848:978-981-05-7194-8 1574:England and Wales 1566:English barrister 1534:English barrister 1490:The Straits Times 857:(foreground left) 765:), Singapore and 725:The High Court's 709:, comprising the 699: 698: 638:General elections 307: 306: 261: 260: 242:Standard Mandarin 199: 198: 157:Judge term length 5745: 5397:unreasonableness 5345:Threshold issues 5325: 5324: 5313: 5185:Attorney-General 5158:Executive branch 5155: 5154: 5144:Law of Singapore 5137: 5130: 5123: 5114: 5113: 4897:Attorney-General 4754: 4747: 4740: 4731: 4730: 4717: 4707: 4706: 4403:Sovereign states 4390: 4383: 4376: 4367: 4366: 4334: 4314: 4287: 4268: 4249: 4227:Tan, Kevin Y L; 4222: 4203: 4185: 4167: 4147: 4117: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4091:, archived from 4076: 4075: 4073: 4064:, archived from 4050: 4049: 4047: 4038:, archived from 4011: 3989: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3948: 3878: 3872: 3866: 3860: 3854: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3816: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3775: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3753: 3740: 3734: 3728: 3726: 3717: 3711: 3709: 3701: 3693: 3688:"Today's look", 3685: 3679: 3677: 3669: 3658: 3650: 3641: 3635: 3633: 3622: 3611: 3609: 3601: 3593: 3573: 3567: 3565: 3557: 3548: 3546: 3538: 3532: 3530: 3522: 3510: 3502: 3494: 3488: 3486: 3478: 3470: 3464: 3462: 3454: 3445: 3444: 3432: 3426: 3424: 3416: 3410: 3408: 3400: 3391: 3388: 3382: 3379: 3373: 3370: 3364: 3361: 3355: 3353: 3333: 3324: 3321: 3315: 3312: 3306: 3303: 3297: 3294: 3288: 3285: 3279: 3276: 3270: 3268: 3266: 3259: 3247: 3241: 3238: 3232: 3229: 3223: 3220: 3214: 3211: 3205: 3198: 3192: 3189: 3183: 3182:SCJA, s. 29A(4). 3180: 3174: 3170: 3164: 3161: 3155: 3152: 3146: 3143: 3137: 3134: 3128: 3125: 3119: 3112: 3106: 3102: 3096: 3092: 3086: 3083: 3077: 3074: 3068: 3061: 3055: 3048: 3042: 3034: 3028: 3025: 3019: 3008: 3002: 2977: 2971: 2964: 2958: 2955: 2949: 2946: 2940: 2939:SCJA, s. 29A(2). 2937: 2931: 2928: 2922: 2921:SCJA, s. 29A(1). 2919: 2913: 2910:Singapore Police 2901: 2892: 2886: 2884: 2876: 2867: 2861: 2859: 2851: 2843: 2835: 2829: 2827: 2819: 2811: 2805: 2803: 2795: 2789: 2787: 2779: 2773: 2771: 2763: 2757: 2756: 2744: 2735: 2733: 2732:on 28 April 2011 2731: 2724: 2709: 2703: 2701: 2686: 2680: 2678: 2673:, archived from 2658: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2639:, archived from 2634: 2619: 2613: 2611: 2610:on 12 April 2011 2597: 2591: 2588: 2582: 2579: 2573: 2570: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2560: 2551:, archived from 2549:Channel NewsAsia 2539: 2533: 2531: 2518: 2512: 2509: 2503: 2501: 2484: 2478: 2476: 2475: 2473: 2464:, archived from 2452: 2446: 2443: 2437: 2434: 2428: 2425: 2419: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2399:"About the SICC" 2395: 2389: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2373:Judiciary.Gov.SG 2365: 2359: 2356: 2350: 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5550:Women's Charter 5545:Matrimonial law 5531: 5451: 5434: 5424: 5401: 5382: 5349: 5314: 5301: 5263: 5247:Court of Appeal 5222:Judicial system 5215:Judicial branch 5210: 5189: 5146: 5141: 5111: 5106: 5097: 5085: 5079: 5063: 5042: 5011:Court of Appeal 4992: 4980: 4974: 4911:The Legislature 4906: 4868: 4810: 4774: 4763: 4758: 4728: 4723: 4695: 4676:Northern Cyprus 4662: 4655: 4397: 4394: 4342: 4318: 4298: 4295: 4285: 4266: 4247: 4220: 4201: 4189: 4183: 4171: 4151: 4145: 4125: 4098: 4096: 4071: 4069: 4054: 4045: 4043: 4042:on 15 June 2011 4024: 4019: 4017:Further reading 4009: 3987: 3965: 3963: 3962:on 19 July 2011 3952: 3946: 3930: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3881: 3875:Hall of Justice 3873: 3869: 3863:Hall of Justice 3861: 3857: 3851:Hall of Justice 3849: 3845: 3839:Hall of Justice 3837: 3833: 3827:Hall of Justice 3825: 3821: 3814: 3797: 3793: 3787:Hall of Justice 3785: 3778: 3768: 3766: 3765:on 19 July 2011 3755: 3754: 3743: 3735: 3731: 3720: 3718: 3714: 3703: 3695: 3687: 3686: 3682: 3671: 3660: 3652: 3644: 3642: 3638: 3623: 3614: 3603: 3595: 3591: 3574: 3570: 3558: 3551: 3539: 3535: 3524: 3512: 3504: 3496: 3495: 3491: 3480: 3472: 3471: 3467: 3455: 3448: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3418: 3417: 3413: 3401: 3394: 3389: 3385: 3380: 3376: 3371: 3367: 3362: 3358: 3351: 3334: 3327: 3322: 3318: 3313: 3309: 3305:LPA, ss. 86–89. 3304: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3286: 3282: 3277: 3273: 3267:on 19 July 2011 3264: 3257: 3248: 3244: 3239: 3235: 3230: 3226: 3221: 3217: 3212: 3208: 3199: 3195: 3190: 3186: 3181: 3177: 3171: 3167: 3162: 3158: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3140: 3136:SCJA, s. 18(1). 3135: 3131: 3126: 3122: 3113: 3109: 3103: 3099: 3093: 3089: 3084: 3080: 3075: 3071: 3062: 3058: 3049: 3045: 3035: 3031: 3027:SCJA, s. 16(1). 3026: 3022: 3009: 3005: 2978: 2974: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2952: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2934: 2929: 2925: 2920: 2916: 2895: 2893: 2889: 2868: 2864: 2853: 2845: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2821: 2812: 2808: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2746: 2745: 2738: 2729: 2722: 2714:Sundaresh Menon 2710: 2706: 2700:on 19 July 2011 2687: 2683: 2677:on 20 July 2011 2659: 2652: 2643: 2632: 2620: 2616: 2600: 2598: 2594: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2567: 2558: 2556: 2541: 2540: 2536: 2520: 2519: 2515: 2511:SCJA, s. 67(1). 2510: 2506: 2499: 2485: 2481: 2471: 2469: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2445:SCJA, s. 61(1). 2444: 2440: 2436:SCJA, s. 71(2). 2435: 2431: 2427:SCJA, s. 71(1). 2426: 2422: 2412: 2410: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2382: 2380: 2367: 2366: 2362: 2358:SCJA, s. 10(3). 2357: 2353: 2349:SCJA, s. 10(1). 2348: 2344: 2340:SCJA, s. 31(2). 2339: 2335: 2331:SCJA, s. 31(1). 2330: 2326: 2322:SCJA, s. 30(2). 2321: 2317: 2313:SCJA, s. 30(1). 2312: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2294: 2290: 2281: 2274: 2261: 2254: 2246: 2242: 2238:SCJA, s. 29(2). 2237: 2233: 2229:SCJA, s. 29(3). 2228: 2224: 2219: 2215: 2209: 2205: 2200: 2196: 2187: 2183: 2178: 2174: 2168: 2164: 2155: 2148: 2136: 2132: 2122: 2120: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2086: 2082: 2077: 2073: 2064: 2060: 2047: 2043: 2038: 2034: 2027: 2005: 2001: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1961: 1957: 1951:Wayback Machine 1938: 1934: 1929: 1925: 1920: 1916: 1911: 1907: 1894: 1890: 1886:Chionh, p. 103. 1885: 1881: 1874: 1860: 1856: 1849: 1828: 1824: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1749: 1720:CPG Corporation 1692:Percy McElwaine 1653:Singapore River 1649:Spanish dollars 1596: 1582: 1570:Queen's Counsel 1540:, and a bob-wig 1526: 1485: 1480: 1470:'s effect on a 1403: 1378:Queen's Counsel 1321: 1315: 1287: 1282: 1266:legal guardians 1234:writ of summons 1212: 1183: 1181:Court of Appeal 1178: 1173: 1138:commanded by a 1136:guard of honour 1089: 1073:process servers 1043: 969:Court of Appeal 922: 907:Court of Appeal 804:Court of Appeal 759: 711:Court of Appeal 695: 666: 662:Other countries 650: 648: 643: 642: 628: 618: 617: 602: 575:Court of Appeal 570: 566:Sundaresh Menon 549: 539: 538: 520: 471: 461: 460: 452: 448:14th Parliament 382: 372: 371: 348: 325: 195:6 November 2012 186:Sundaresh Menon 127: 125: 121: 118: 113: 110: 108: 106: 105: 91: 89: 86: 70: 68: 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Minister 5177: 5172: 5167: 5161: 5159: 5152: 5148: 5147: 5140: 5139: 5132: 5125: 5117: 5108: 5107: 5102: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5089: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5077: 5071: 5069: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5061: 5056: 5050: 5048: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5002: 5000: 4994: 4993: 4991: 4990: 4984: 4982: 4976: 4975: 4973: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4951: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4914: 4912: 4908: 4907: 4905: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4892:Prime Minister 4889: 4884: 4878: 4876: 4874:The Government 4870: 4869: 4867: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4820: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4782: 4780: 4776: 4775: 4768: 4765: 4764: 4757: 4756: 4749: 4742: 4734: 4725: 4724: 4722: 4721: 4711: 4700: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4667: 4665: 4657: 4656: 4654: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 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against 1011:Prime Minister 961:criminal cases 945:superior court 921: 918: 826:and the other 775:letters patent 758: 755: 697: 696: 694: 693: 686: 679: 671: 668: 667: 665: 664: 658: 645: 644: 641: 640: 635: 629: 624: 623: 620: 619: 616: 615: 610: 601: 600: 595: 590: 585: 579: 578: 569: 568: 559: 558: 550: 545: 544: 541: 540: 537: 536: 531: 526: 519: 518: 507: 506: 498: 497: 486: 485: 472: 467: 466: 463: 462: 459: 458: 456:Constituencies 451: 450: 437: 436: 422: 421: 414:Indranee Rajah 407: 406: 399:Seah Kian Peng 392: 391: 383: 378: 377: 374: 373: 370: 369: 364: 358: 357: 349: 344: 343: 340: 339: 336: 335: 327: 326: 321: 318: 317: 305: 304: 301: 300: 293: 287: 286: 282: 281: 274: 268: 267: 263: 262: 259: 258: 251: 245: 244: 238: 237: 236:Transcriptions 229: 228: 221: 215: 214: 210: 209: 206: 205: 197: 196: 193: 189: 188: 183: 179: 178: 172: 171: 166: 162: 161: 158: 154: 153: 148: 144: 143: 140: 136: 135: 103: 97: 96: 83: 79: 78: 45: 44: 41: 40: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5750: 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5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5270: 5266: 5260: 5257: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5244: 5243: 5242:Supreme Court 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5219: 5217: 5213: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5198: 5196: 5192: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5156: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5138: 5133: 5131: 5126: 5124: 5119: 5118: 5115: 5105: 5100: 5094: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5082: 5076: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5066: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5028:Chief Justice 5026: 5024: 5021: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5008: 5007: 5006:Supreme Court 5004: 5003: 5001: 4999: 4998:The Judiciary 4995: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4977: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4935: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4909: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4871: 4865: 4864:Right to vote 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4817: 4813: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4772: 4766: 4762: 4755: 4750: 4748: 4743: 4741: 4736: 4735: 4732: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4710: 4702: 4701: 4698: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4686:South Ossetia 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4658: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4406: 4404: 4400: 4391: 4386: 4384: 4379: 4377: 4372: 4371: 4368: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4333: 4329: 4326:, 1965–2024, 4325: 4322:, Singapore: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4306:, 2001–2024, 4305: 4302:, Singapore: 4301: 4297: 4296: 4286: 4280: 4276: 4271: 4267: 4261: 4257: 4252: 4248: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4225: 4221: 4215: 4211: 4206: 4202: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4140: 4136: 4133:, Singapore: 4132: 4127: 4126: 4115: 4111: 4106: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4085: 4079: 4067: 4063: 4059: 4058: 4053: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4032: 4031:Supreme Court 4026: 4025: 4010: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3982: 3978: 3973: 3961: 3957: 3956: 3951: 3947: 3941: 3937: 3932: 3931: 3922: 3918: 3915: 3911: 3908: 3904: 3901: 3897: 3894: 3893: 3876: 3871: 3864: 3859: 3852: 3847: 3840: 3835: 3828: 3823: 3815: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3795: 3788: 3783: 3781: 3764: 3760: 3759: 3752: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3738: 3733: 3724: 3716: 3707: 3699: 3691: 3684: 3675: 3668: 3664: 3656: 3648: 3640: 3631: 3627: 3626:Yong Pung How 3621: 3619: 3617: 3607: 3599: 3592: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3577:Yong Pung How 3572: 3563: 3556: 3554: 3544: 3537: 3528: 3521: 3516: 3508: 3500: 3493: 3484: 3476: 3469: 3460: 3453: 3451: 3443: 3438: 3431: 3422: 3415: 3406: 3399: 3397: 3387: 3378: 3369: 3360: 3352: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3332: 3330: 3320: 3311: 3302: 3293: 3284: 3275: 3263: 3256: 3255: 3246: 3237: 3228: 3219: 3210: 3203: 3197: 3188: 3179: 3169: 3160: 3151: 3142: 3133: 3124: 3117: 3111: 3101: 3091: 3082: 3073: 3066: 3060: 3053: 3047: 3040: 3033: 3024: 3017: 3013: 3007: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2983: 2976: 2969: 2963: 2954: 2945: 2936: 2927: 2918: 2911: 2907: 2906: 2905:Straits Times 2899: 2891: 2882: 2874: 2866: 2857: 2849: 2841: 2834: 2825: 2817: 2810: 2801: 2794: 2785: 2778: 2769: 2762: 2755: 2750: 2743: 2741: 2728: 2721: 2720: 2715: 2708: 2699: 2695: 2694: 2685: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2663:Michael Hwang 2657: 2655: 2642: 2638: 2631: 2630: 2625: 2618: 2609: 2605: 2604: 2596: 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1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1637:George Bonham 1633: 1632:Indian rupees 1629: 1621: 1617: 1612: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1562: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1539: 1535: 1530: 1521: 1518: 1517:Yong Pung How 1513: 1508: 1503: 1501: 1497: 1492: 1491: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1456: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1435: 1433: 1432: 1431:stare decisis 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1407: 1398: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1384: 1379: 1375: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1364:School of Law 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1336: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1320: 1310: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1277: 1273: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1231: 1230: 1224: 1222: 1218: 1207: 1204: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1168: 1165: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1143: 1142: 1137: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1105: 1103: 1102:calendar year 1093: 1084: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1052: 1047: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1027: 1024: 1023:Chao Hick Tin 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 989: 985: 984:Chief Justice 980: 976: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 941: 939: 938:Chief Justice 935: 931: 927: 917: 915: 910: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 879:Federal Court 876: 869: 866: 862: 858: 855: 850: 846: 844: 840: 836: 831: 829: 825: 819: 817: 813: 809: 808:civil matters 805: 801: 797: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 754: 751: 747: 746:death penalty 742: 740: 736: 732: 728: 723: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 692: 687: 685: 680: 678: 673: 672: 670: 669: 663: 660: 659: 657: 647: 646: 639: 636: 634: 631: 630: 627: 622: 621: 614: 611: 609: 608: 604: 603: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 580: 577: 576: 572: 571: 567: 564: 563:Chief Justice 561: 560: 557: 556: 552: 551: 548: 543: 542: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 522: 521: 516: 512: 511:Lawrence Wong 509: 508: 505: 504: 500: 499: 495: 491: 488: 487: 483: 479: 478: 474: 473: 470: 465: 464: 457: 454: 453: 449: 446: 445: 444: 442: 434: 430: 427: 424: 423: 419: 415: 412: 409: 408: 404: 400: 397: 394: 393: 390: 389: 385: 384: 381: 376: 375: 368: 365: 363: 360: 359: 356: 355: 351: 350: 347: 342: 341: 338: 337: 333: 329: 328: 324: 320: 319: 315: 311: 310: 302: 294: 292: 288: 283: 279: 275: 273: 269: 264: 252: 250: 246: 243: 239: 234: 230: 222: 220: 216: 211: 207: 202: 194: 190: 187: 184: 180: 177: 173: 170: 167: 163: 159: 155: 152: 149: 147:Authorized by 145: 141: 137: 132: 104: 102: 98: 84: 80: 75: 46: 42: 38: 37:Norman Foster 32: 27: 22: 19: 5517:Sedition Act 5457:Criminal law 5394: 5282:Human rights 5269:Constitution 5259:State Courts 5241: 5023:State Courts 5005: 4948:By-elections 4938:Presidential 4902:The Reserves 4769: 4631:Turkmenistan 4600: 4596:Saudi Arabia 4319: 4299: 4274: 4255: 4232: 4229:Thio, Li-ann 4209: 4190: 4172: 4152: 4130: 4113: 4109: 4097:, retrieved 4093:the original 4083: 4070:, retrieved 4066:the original 4056: 4044:, retrieved 4040:the original 4030: 3998: 3976: 3964:, retrieved 3960:the original 3954: 3935: 3900:1999 Reprint 3874: 3870: 3862: 3858: 3850: 3846: 3838: 3834: 3826: 3822: 3803: 3794: 3786: 3767:, retrieved 3763:the original 3757: 3736: 3732: 3722: 3715: 3705: 3697: 3689: 3683: 3673: 3666: 3662: 3654: 3646: 3639: 3629: 3605: 3597: 3580: 3571: 3564:, p. 15 3561: 3545:, p. 17 3542: 3536: 3526: 3518: 3514: 3506: 3498: 3492: 3482: 3474: 3468: 3461:, p. 10 3458: 3440: 3436: 3430: 3420: 3414: 3404: 3386: 3377: 3368: 3359: 3340: 3319: 3310: 3301: 3292: 3283: 3274: 3262:the original 3253: 3245: 3236: 3227: 3218: 3209: 3196: 3191:SCJA, s. 74. 3187: 3178: 3168: 3159: 3150: 3141: 3132: 3123: 3110: 3100: 3090: 3081: 3072: 3059: 3051: 3046: 3038: 3032: 3023: 3006: 2995:the original 2980: 2975: 2962: 2957:CPC, s. 396. 2953: 2944: 2935: 2930:SCJA, s. 34. 2926: 2917: 2903: 2897: 2890: 2883:, p. 12 2880: 2872: 2865: 2855: 2847: 2839: 2833: 2823: 2815: 2809: 2799: 2793: 2783: 2777: 2767: 2761: 2752: 2748: 2727:the original 2718: 2707: 2698:the original 2692: 2684: 2675:the original 2670: 2641:the original 2628: 2617: 2608:the original 2602: 2595: 2590:SCJA, s. 12. 2586: 2581:SCJA, s. 11. 2577: 2568: 2557:, retrieved 2553:the original 2543: 2537: 2528:the original 2522: 2516: 2507: 2488: 2482: 2470:, retrieved 2466:the original 2456: 2450: 2441: 2432: 2423: 2411:. Retrieved 2402: 2393: 2381:. Retrieved 2372: 2363: 2354: 2345: 2336: 2327: 2318: 2309: 2300: 2291: 2279:the original 2270: 2259:the original 2250: 2243: 2234: 2225: 2216: 2206: 2197: 2184: 2175: 2165: 2142:1999 Reprint 2133: 2121:. Retrieved 2112: 2101: 2092: 2083: 2074: 2061: 2053: 2049: 2044: 2035: 2008: 2002: 1985: 1976: 1967: 1958: 1935: 1926: 1917: 1908: 1891: 1882: 1863: 1857: 1834: 1825: 1812: 1723: 1712: 1688:time capsule 1665: 1625: 1618:(domed) and 1563: 1543: 1514: 1510: 1505: 1488: 1486: 1468:Constitution 1457: 1450: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1429: 1427: 1410: 1387: 1382: 1371: 1337: 1322: 1299: 1288: 1274: 1252: 1227: 1225: 1213: 1199: 1184: 1176:Jurisdiction 1139: 1122: 1106: 1098: 1081: 1056: 1036: 1028: 1019: 992: 953:jurisdiction 942: 923: 914:Lai Siu Chiu 911: 899:Kuala Lumpur 872: 867: 860: 856: 843:crown colony 839:World War II 832: 820: 802:to sit as a 800:jurisdiction 796:Puisne Judge 791:Crown colony 760: 750:imprisonment 743: 727:jurisdiction 724: 702: 700: 613:State Courts 605: 573: 554: 553: 534:The Reserves 501: 475: 438: 429:Pritam Singh 386: 367:Human rights 352: 249:Hanyu Pinyin 213:Chinese name 18: 5068:Citizenship 4801:Rule of law 4719:Asia portal 4661:States with 4581:Philippines 4521:South Korea 4516:North Korea 4411:Afghanistan 4116:(14): 17–21 4099:26 December 4072:26 December 3966:30 December 3928:Other works 3923:) ("SCJA"). 3890:Legislation 3769:30 December 3659:. See also 3594:. See also 3407:, p. 6 3337:Walter Woon 3323:LPA, s. 98. 3314:LPA, s. 93. 3287:LPA, s. 25. 3278:LPA, s. 21. 3222:LPA, s. 11. 2875:, p. 4 2818:, p. 8 2624:Walter Woon 2295:SCJA, s. 9. 1740:S.R. Nathan 1724:rosa aurora 1478:Court dress 1415:law reports 1229:in personam 1060:in chambers 1017:, or both. 833:During the 380:Legislature 126: / 101:Coordinates 82:Established 69: / 5712:Categories 5649:(Repealed) 5537:Family law 5495:Penal Code 5435:resolution 5395:Wednesbury 5355:Illegality 5252:High Court 5206:Parliament 5170:Government 5016:High Court 4923:Parliament 4859:Article 16 4854:Article 15 4849:Article 14 4844:Article 13 4839:Article 12 4834:Article 11 4829:Article 10 4641:Uzbekistan 4616:Tajikistan 4531:Kyrgyzstan 4511:Kazakhstan 4431:Bangladesh 4421:Azerbaijan 4237:LexisNexis 3916:) ("SCA"). 3909:) ("LPA"). 3885:References 3841:, pp. 110. 3800:Sumiko Tan 3442:Singapore. 3016:common law 2999:High Court 2559:24 January 2523:Our Courts 2123:6 November 1643:, and the 1584:See also: 1458:Where the 1448:society." 1423:High Court 1344:solicitors 1210:High Court 1068:bankruptcy 973:High Court 715:High Court 607:High Court 529:Ministries 388:Parliament 346:Government 285:Tamil name 266:Malay name 114:103°51′2″E 92:1970-01-09 57:103°51′2″E 5667:Procedure 5277:Elections 5201:President 5165:President 4933:Elections 4918:President 4882:President 4824:Article 9 4681:Palestine 4606:Sri Lanka 4601:Singapore 4481:Indonesia 4332:0218-3161 4312:0219-6638 4165:224717046 3829:, p. 109. 3789:, p. 106. 3067:), s. 47. 2472:19 August 1997:. c. 37). 1737:President 1732:skylights 1496:horsehair 1460:President 1254:Admiralty 1083:duties. 930:Singapore 771:the Crown 707:Singapore 626:Elections 547:Judiciary 469:Executive 182:Currently 111:1°17′26″N 54:1°17′26″N 5340:Remedies 4791:Remedies 4709:Category 4671:Abkhazia 4621:Thailand 4576:Pakistan 4556:Mongolia 4551:Maldives 4546:Malaysia 4446:Cambodia 4159:, 1997, 4046:25 April 4022:Articles 3802:(2000), 2407:Archived 2377:Archived 2192:), s. 2. 2117:Archived 2015:for the 1947:Archived 1833:(2006), 1747:See also 1376:basis a 1362:and the 1340:advocate 1291:evidence 1215:review: 1087:Calendar 955:to hear 875:Malaysia 861:(middle) 787:Recorder 779:Governor 713:and the 314:a series 5328:General 5175:Cabinet 4943:General 4928:Speaker 4887:Cabinet 4646:Vietnam 4561:Myanmar 4541:Lebanon 4471:Georgia 4426:Bahrain 4416:Armenia 4293:Serials 3955:History 3758:History 2052:of the 1989:By the 1953:) (UK). 1895:By the 1686:; this 1366:of the 1358:of the 1295:seizure 1285:General 1270:infants 1243:probate 1237:higher 1141:subedar 1129:assizes 1064:damages 965:appeals 895:Sarawak 781:of the 767:Malacca 757:History 731:Probate 719:appeals 583:Prakash 524:Cabinet 396:Speaker 225:新加坡最高法院 219:Chinese 165:Website 90: ( 4691:Taiwan 4626:Turkey 4591:Russia 4526:Kuwait 4506:Jordan 4496:Israel 4456:Cyprus 4441:Brunei 4436:Bhutan 4330: 4310: 4281: 4262: 4243: 4216: 4197: 4179: 4163: 4141: 4005: 3983: 3942: 3898: ( 3810: 3587: 3347: 2495: 2413:20 May 2383:20 May 2140: ( 2023: 1870: 1845: 1676:Malaya 1672:Padang 1592:; and 1550:mantle 1453:comity 1383:ad hoc 1373:ad hoc 1280:Powers 1219:, and 1127:. The 999:Judges 949:record 936:. The 887:Borneo 863:, and 763:Penang 735:estate 5585:Other 4651:Yemen 4611:Syria 4586:Qatar 4566:Nepal 4501:Japan 4476:India 4466:Egypt 4451:China 4123:Books 3265:(PDF) 3258:(PDF) 3105:2(2). 3095:2(1). 2985: 2730:(PDF) 2723:(PDF) 2644:(PDF) 2633:(PDF) 2282:(PDF) 2275:(PDF) 2262:(PDF) 2255:(PDF) 2170:law." 1728:atria 1558:linen 1554:bands 1538:bands 1524:Robes 1352:fused 1239:costs 1195:leave 995:Bench 957:civil 891:Sabah 593:Chong 291:Tamil 272:Malay 192:Since 5415:Bias 4571:Oman 4536:Laos 4491:Iraq 4486:Iran 4328:ISSN 4308:ISSN 4279:ISBN 4260:ISBN 4241:ISBN 4214:ISBN 4195:ISBN 4177:ISBN 4161:OCLC 4139:ISBN 4101:2009 4074:2009 4048:2011 4003:ISBN 3981:ISBN 3968:2010 3940:ISBN 3808:ISBN 3771:2010 3651:and 3585:ISBN 3345:ISBN 2561:2013 2493:ISBN 2474:2023 2415:2022 2403:SICC 2385:2022 2125:2017 2021:ISBN 1868:ISBN 1843:ISBN 1614:The 1546:cape 1483:Wigs 1472:bill 1331:are 1153:for 1133:Sikh 1001:and 982:The 959:and 893:and 881:, a 701:The 482:list 2979:In 1572:of 1556:(a 1548:or 1350:is 1325:bar 1268:of 1247:S$ 947:of 806:in 773:as 598:Ang 588:Tay 515:PAP 418:PAP 403:PAP 362:Law 5714:: 4114:84 4112:, 4087:, 4060:, 3902:). 3779:^ 3744:^ 3702:; 3694:; 3670:; 3615:^ 3602:; 3552:^ 3523:; 3511:; 3503:; 3479:; 3449:^ 3395:^ 3328:^ 3118:). 3054:). 2989:, 2877:; 2852:; 2844:; 2739:^ 2669:, 2653:^ 2635:, 2547:, 2460:, 2405:. 2401:. 2375:. 2371:. 2149:^ 2144:). 2111:. 2069:). 1820:). 1730:, 1639:, 1588:; 1223:. 1075:. 975:. 830:. 818:. 433:WP 316:on 5136:e 5129:t 5122:v 4753:e 4746:t 4739:v 4389:e 4382:t 4375:v 4335:. 4315:. 4288:. 4269:. 4250:. 4223:. 4204:. 4186:. 4168:. 4148:. 4118:. 4104:. 4077:. 4051:. 4012:. 3990:. 3971:. 3949:. 3817:. 3774:. 3727:. 3710:. 3678:. 3634:. 3610:. 3566:. 3547:. 3531:. 3487:. 3463:. 3425:. 3409:. 3354:. 3269:. 2885:. 2860:. 2828:. 2804:. 2788:. 2772:. 2734:. 2702:. 2679:. 2648:. 2612:. 2532:. 2502:. 2477:. 2417:. 2387:. 2286:. 2056:. 2030:. 1993:( 1942:( 1899:( 1877:. 1852:. 690:e 683:t 676:v 517:) 513:( 496:) 494:I 492:( 484:) 480:( 435:) 431:( 420:) 416:( 405:) 401:( 94:)

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