898:, this part of the city began to see a flight of its residents and with it the abandonment and decay of its buildings and facilities, higher crime rates, and more low-income households. In 2010, HUD and DOT awarded the city $ 1.8 million to support a three-year planning initiative which sought to improve affordable housing, transportation, and increase economic development. The HUD provided a loan to encourage economic growth, specifically through the conversion of an old cotton warehouse into an area of retail shops, offices, and restaurants known as West End Market. The success of West End Market led to 230 building permits being issued around the area in a three-year period, resulting in a successful arts district that created jobs as well as drew tourists and locals. EPA assisted with the redevelopment of abandoned space through $ 200,000 in brownfield assessment grants which allowed for the city to facilitate clean up, or initiate redevelopment. The city also worked with the
919:. The streetcar encouraged both Amazon.com and Microsoft to locate campuses in the South Lake Union neighborhood, bringing with it jobs and investment in residential space. The City of Seattle is proposing a zoning change to promote affordable housing and attract market rate development. HUD provided grants to fund building and support services for the chronically homeless, adults and veterans recovering from addiction, and homeless with mental health issues and substance abuse problems. HUD also supplied $ 5.7 million towards the construction of a senior housing facility. To address the problems with the neighborhoods freeways and lack of sidewalks and crosswalks, a $ 30 million grant was issued by the DOT to help build crosswalks over 12 intersections, widen sidewalks, add bicycle lanes, as well as beautify the space through the addition of landscaping and trees.
771:. These departments work together with a mission to “improve access to affordable housing, increase transportation options, and lower transportation costs while protecting the environment”. All three bureaus offer funding opportunities to support communities in areas of clean air and water, community planning, economic development, energy efficiency, equity and environmental justice, as well as housing and transportation choices. The partnership incorporates six principles of livability into its grant-making and program development.:
40:
886:
success of the revitalization of the Euclid
Corridor is due in large part to engaged community leaders, community members, and NGO's like MidTown Cleveland who worked on ensuring that there was a variety of housing investments. EPA assisted with the redevelopment of abandoned space through their brownfield assessment grants and HUD provided mortgage insurance on properties to aid in the development of Euclid Avenue.
1988:
954:, also known as SB 375. The law aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through transportation, housing, and land use planning. Under the SB 375, the state is broken up into Metropolitan Planning Organizations which are each responsible for developing Sustainable Community Strategies that will help the state reach its goal of reduced emissions. These strategies are then evaluated by the
933:
and ethnicity to increase mobility and lower the combined cost of housing and transportation”. The law also created the
Sustainable Communities Tax Credit Program which promotes private investment in the restoration and development of historic sites. Thanks in part to the Sustainable Communities Tax Credit Program, the neighborhood of
966:
also plans to increase funding towards more transportation choices as well as promote more multi-family housing near high transit areas. The
Southern California Strategies include transit expansion, developing housing closer to public transportation, increasing funding for biking and pedestrians, and
914:
With investments in transportation, affordable housing, and green space, Seattle's South Lake Union has transformed from a place of freeway traffic, abandoned warehouses, and parking lots to an economically flourishing neighborhood. An integral part to this transformation was the creation of a street
1204:
ideas, focusing on reducing consumption and promoting happy, healthy lifestyles in non-consumptive fashions. Main aspects of
Degrowth include more equal distribution of workload and sharing work, consuming less, and setting aside time for personal and cultural growth through the arts and creativity
1177:
The Take Back Your Time
Movement, led by John de Graaf, focuses on the concept of working fewer hours and devoting more time to living a healthy lifestyle. The movement suggests that allowing shorter work days and longer vacations would in turn help better distribute work, while also reducing stress
1262:
economic systems instead of confronting them: while some rationales for sustainable communities conflict with market-driven agendas, economic growth characterizes the means and ends of some initiatives. Additionally, sustainable communities reject the notion that development itself is fundamentally
941:
In 2013 the
Maryland General Assembly passed the Sustainable Communities Tax Increment Financing Designation and Financing Law. This law allows for Maryland counties and municipalities to use funds generated from increased property tax values to fund improvement projects in sustainable communities.
932:
The state of
Maryland passed a Sustainable Communities Act in 2010 with the goal of revitalizing and promoting reinvestment in Maryland's older communities as well working to promote “equitable, affordable housing by expanding energy-efficient housing choices for people of all ages, incomes, races,
809:
which conducts research, publishes reports, showcases outstanding communities, and works with communities through grants and technical assistance. They also have a Green
Communities Program which provides communities with a tool kit of information to help them reach sustainable goals. The tool kit
1272:
While there are a variety of graduate degrees at universities that touch on sustainability as it related to urban planning and environmental resources, only a few degree program programs exist that train students in the theory and practice of sustainable communities. The most notable examples are:
1168:
is a nonprofit organization which has created regional indicators for sustainability through grassroots activism and has become a world leader in these sustainability indicators. Sustainable
Seattle has printed newsletters on a wide range of sustainable community topics, from building to recycling
885:
debuted in 2008. This bus line increased ridership and helped The Euclid
Corridor begin to see the redevelopment of abandoned properties as well as investment in development of commerce, to the tune of $ 4.3 billion. This created thousands of square feet of retail space and thousands of jobs. The
1161:
Project is focused on bringing together top scientists and thinkers from around the world in order to analyze the problems of inequality among humankind. These thinkers examine economic and ethical issues faced in protecting and enhancing our environments and make recommendations on restoration
582:
often abbreviates its definition of sustainable communities as "places where people want to live and work, now and in the future". Addressing the scale of sustainable communities, political scientist Kent Portney points out that the term sustainable communities has been used to refer to a broad
1136:
in politics. When citizens lack the internal belief that one can make change in government and the external belief that the government will make changes according to citizen concerns, political participation dwindles as citizens believe no change will occur. When becoming politically active, a
1153:
created by former Vermont Governor, Madeleine M. Kunin, leads community based projects around the globe that address environmental, economic, and social issues. Many of these groups help to cultivate local talents and skills, empowering people to become more powerful and involved in their own
854:
which issues “grants to eligible recipients for planning, vehicle purchases, facility construction, operations, and other purposes”, with numerous goals, including the improvement of surface transportation, providing public transit on Indian reservations, providing access to disadvantaged
609:
planning districts, and watershed districts at different scales pertaining to community needs. These initiatives are driven by various actor groups that have different methods of effectively planning out ways to create sustainable communities. Most often they are implemented by
802:” and does this through programs that retrofit or construct energy efficient homes. They also work to standardize energy efficiency standards across federal agencies, as well as expand the availability of financing for home energy improvements and multifamily housing.
1231:
poor economic conditions and inaccessible housing markets: in the UK's Sustainable Communities Plan, the economic downturn of 2008 has led to a general shortage of housing and affordable housing in particular, which run contrary to the plan's premises of livable
1140:
After noting the city's sustainability level it is important to note what kinds of communities are targeted and how they are affected through these programs and what kinds of strategies are being used to try to create and transform sustainable communities.
1189:. The Voluntary Simplicity Movement suggests that one should focus on cultivating their own best inner being rather than focus on making material gains and wealth. It also promotes activism within the community to create engaged, educated citizens.
1116:
to corporations instead of community members. Companies must prove that their endeavors are harmless to the community instead of the community having to prove they have been harmed by company endeavors. This allows for a sustainable community as
1154:
communities. Many also offer plans and guidance on improving the sustainability of various practices, such as land use and community design, green transportation, energy efficiency, waste reduction, and climate friendly purchasing.
622:. While each community has its distinct needs, stakeholders generally evaluate the indicators of sustainability with regard to system performance, policy, and rapid feedback in order to keep or alter their sustainability programs.
1726:
Eaken, Amanda. Horner, Justin. Ohland, Gloria "A Bold Plan for Sustainable California Communities: A Report on the Implementation of Senate Bill 375" Natural Resources Defense Council. September 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
1252:
promoting a securitization agenda: British geographer Mike Raco argues that the UK's Sustainable Communities Plan employs the discourse of sustainability as "a series of potentially repressive and counter-productive policy
590:" that gained widespread use among local, national, and international politicians and policymakers in NGOs starting in the late 1980s. The term originally referred to environmental concerns and was later applied to cities.
942:
Sample projects include expanding sidewalks, the development of tree planting on streets and parks, as well as improvements to water and sewer infrastructure to help encourage economic growth and improve quality of life.
1248:
has written about the "narrow focus" of civic environmentalism that does not take "social justice" into account, and the need for sustainable communities to be democratic and collaborate with the environmental justice
707:. Lacking an official national spatial development plan, the UK employed the Sustainable Communities Plan as a regional development plan targeted at the South East of England. Additionally, the plan created the
937:
was able to refurbish an old tin factory into a space for offices and residences, which led to the development of other properties as well as homes, which increased use and population for the neighborhood.
1216:, and local economics. Ecovillages seek to integrate themselves harmlessly into the ecosystem surrounding them, so as to live and interact in a way that is sustainable and supportive of the natural world
1297:
880:
as many of its residents moved and homes were turned into boarding houses or abandoned altogether.. After decades of work by city leaders and residents to revitalize this part of the city, the bus line
1128:
to create a sustainable community through political involvement has dedicated studies to discovering why citizens are or are not politically active. Studies from Quebec have shown that citizens’
906:. In 2005, a mixed-use development was constructed across from Falls Park with a hotel, apartments, restaurants, and retail and office spaces to help further spark economic growth in the area.
1169:
and more, and they are believed to be the first “sustainable community” organization, founded in 1991. There are now hundreds of “sustainable community” organizations across the USA
598:
The best example of a real Sustainable Community is Saint Michael's Sustainable Community in Costa Rica. The community produces far more food and water than it needs. It uses
1162:
techniques that aid in promoting social justice. They also call for a major and imperative paradigm shift in order to ensure good quality of life for many future generations.
739:(MKSM) . Designed during a period that projected sustained economic growth into the future, the plan's implementation has been slowed and disjointed, particularly since the
1108:
as a framework to develop laws for a healthier and more just city. The precautionary principle gives more power to community members by allowing them to stand up against
1212:
are gathering momentum, spreading sustainable community ideas around the world, teaching through example and also offering classes and training on sustainable living,
951:
562:
outlines how political empowerment and social well-being are also part of the definition. Additionally, referring to communities in Shanghai and Singapore, geographer
543:, urban infrastructure, social equity, and municipal government. The term is sometimes used synonymously with "green cities," "eco-communities," "livable cities" and "
550:
Different organizations have various understandings of sustainable communities; the term's definition is contested and still under construction. For example,
902:
in demolishing an unnecessary bridge which allowed for the development of a recreational area with a cross bridge, waterfalls, and walking paths, known as
1579:
1224:
Sustainable communities, both as individual projects and as a whole, have faced challenges impeding their development and have been met with criticism.
674:
have gathered momentum, spreading sustainable community ideas around the world, not only through example, but also by offering classes and training on
1490:
Innes, Judith; Booher, David (2000). "Indicators for Sustainable Communities: A Strategy Building on Complexity Theory and Distributed Intelligence".
554:'s Principles of Sustainable Community Development stress the importance of local control of natural resources and a thriving non-profit sector to a
794:
Along with working collaboratively, these government agencies also have their own initiatives. The Department of Housing and Development has an
1529:
Raco, Mike (2012). "A growth agenda without growth: English spatial policy, sustainable communities, and the death of the neo-liberal project".
1178:
and making for healthier living. Additionally, people would have more free time to make more rewarding and sustainable choices for themselves.
1378:
1626:"Transit as Transformation - The Euclid Corridor in Cleveland" Partnership for Sustainable Communities. June 2012. Retrieved 10 March 2014"
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The 34 elements inside “Taking Sustainable Cities Seriously" can also be used to determine whether a city is considered sustainable or not.
1137:
citizen takes into account the history of the city government, the government's actions, and government interactions with other citizens.
962:
plans to double transit service and increase bike lanes, offering more transportation choices and reducing vehicle emissions. The city of
1185:
movement emphasizes reducing one's material possessions and desires and increasing self-sufficiency through skills such as gardening and
768:
1673:"Maryland Sustainable Communities Tax Credit Program" Maryland Department of Planning, Maryland Historical Trust. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
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units that have small divisions of government within them. These divisions of government have the authority to affect environmental and
535:
The term "sustainable communities" has various definitions, but in essence refers to communities planned, built, or modified to promote
955:
1992:
1728:
629:
people to become more powerful and more involved in their own communities. Many also offer plans and guidance on improving the
92:
1150:
559:
1650:"Seattle's South Lake Union Neighborhood" Partnership for Sustainable Communities. December 2012. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
1455:
Maliene, V; Howe, J; Malys, N (21 April 2010). "Sustainable Communities: Affordable Housing and Socio-Economic Relations".
446:
1912:
Raco, Mike (2014). "Securing Sustainable Communities: Citizenship, Safety, and Sustainability in the New Urban Planning".
1323:"Appendix A: Definitions and Principles of Sustainable Communities" Sustainable Communities Task Force Report. Fall 1997.
708:
704:
451:
1580:
http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/sustainable_housing_communities/sustainable_housing_initiative
456:
1638:"Revitalizing Greenville's Westside" Partnership for Sustainable Communities. December 2012. Retrieved 10 March 2014
1435:
468:
1709:"Sustainable Communities" California Environmental Protection Agency - Air Resources Board. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
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for the good of the environment.” It is also necessary to implement sustainable communities in countries that are
2018:
2013:
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1404:
522:
162:
1627:
1651:
1133:
764:
337:
1030:
916:
899:
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which features a Sustainable Housing Initiative, aiming at “supporting the construction and rehabilitation of
1876:
586:
Etymologically, the term "sustainable community" grew out of the related discourses of "sustainability" and "
2008:
1379:
http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120919132719/http://www.communities.gov.uk/index.asp?id=1139866
760:
700:
579:
575:
387:
226:
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1578:"Sustainable Housing Initiative" U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
895:
282:
197:
1639:
1698:
1686:
1663:
1602:"Basic Information" Green Communities, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
332:
1957:
Raco, Mike (2005). "Sustainable Development, Rolled-Out Neoliberalism and Sustainable Communities".
1926:
1512:
1824:"What is a Sustainable Community?" Institute for Sustainable Communities. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
799:
615:
599:
473:
342:
1875:
Assadourian, Erik. "The Power of Social Movements" Worldwatch Institute. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
1324:
983:
results. Cities are especially important in initiating sustainable communities because they have
1105:
903:
740:
587:
567:
478:
1921:
1685:"Remington Neighborhood Revitalization" Maryland Department of Planning. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
493:
483:
402:
277:
711:. The ÂŁ38 billion plan identifies four key growth areas for development and regeneration: the
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variety of places, ranging from neighborhoods to watersheds to cities to multi-state regions.
1729:
http://www.nrdc.org/globalwarming/sb375/implementation-report/files/implementation-report.pdf
1499:
1277:
1241:
1118:
1113:
1067:
661:
571:
419:
409:
352:
217:
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934:
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Some government groups will create partnerships where departments will work together using
638:
515:
488:
382:
203:
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are citizens where their voices are equally heard in order to create social justice and a
8:
1836:"About Sustainable Communities" Sustainable Communities Online. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
1825:
1165:
551:
288:
255:
244:
191:
60:
1939:
1778:
Taking Sustainable Cities Seriously: A Comparative Analysis of Twenty-Three U.S. Cities
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1472:
1406:
Taking Sustainable Cities Seriously: A Comparative Analysis of Twenty-Three U.S. Cities
1357:
1353:
1129:
744:
675:
653:
544:
536:
1291:
1281:
868:
Once a thriving place of business and home to the wealthy and elite, Euclid Avenue in
1970:
1943:
1567:
1550:
1476:
1431:
1361:
992:
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in ways reflecting local conditions that allows them the capacity to manage and lead
984:
606:
364:
250:
65:
1662:"Sustainable Communities" Maryland Department of Planning. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
1337:
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that “have political power and credibility to take initiatives to access and deploy
1966:
1931:
1603:
1538:
1464:
1349:
1197:
1158:
873:
671:
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Sustainable community initiatives have emerged in neighborhoods, cities, counties,
347:
127:
55:
23:
1614:"Grants and Programs" U.S. Department of Transportation. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
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Following a shift from the cotton production that once thrived in the west end of
618:, but they also involve community members, academics, and create partnerships and
1697:"Sustainable Communities" Maryland Department of Planning. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
1201:
1006:
When looking at and comparing sustainable cities certain indicators may be used:
1000:
683:
642:
508:
414:
317:
294:
87:
1615:
858:
1628:
http://www.sustainablecommunities.gov/pdf/studies/cleveland-euclid-corridor.pdf
1245:
1085:
1063:
1056:
996:
976:
877:
736:
712:
634:
630:
540:
327:
122:
77:
1652:
http://www.sustainablecommunities.gov/pdf/studies/seattle-south-lake-union.pdf
1542:
1468:
958:'s Air Resources Board. Under the Sustainable Community Strategy, the city of
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that answers the question “Where are we going?” in the face of no intervention
2002:
1935:
1590:"Smart Growth" U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
1566:"About Us" Partnership for Sustainable Communities. Retrieved 10 March 2014
1182:
1101:
732:
716:
649:
424:
397:
357:
210:
167:
157:
147:
1710:
1674:
1591:
1282:
Masters of Arts (MA) and Masters of Science (MS) in Sustainable Communities
1213:
1109:
1015:
1011:
839:
about what programs and initiatives will help the community reach its goals
728:
679:
392:
272:
1877:
http://blogs.worldwatch.org/transformingcultures/contents/social-movements
1014:
programs that are designed to “help manage growth and avoid and eliminate
1081:
1049:
626:
611:
112:
1851:
Ecological Integrity: Integrating Environment, Conservation, and Health
1812:
Citizens and Community: Political Support in a Representative Democracy
1259:
1209:
980:
959:
882:
619:
260:
152:
132:
107:
102:
97:
39:
1338:"Making Sustainable Creative/Cultural Space in Shanghai and Singapore"
539:. Sustainable communities tend to focus on environmental and economic
1899:"About Us" Ecovillage Farm Learning Center. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
1071:
1045:
1041:
988:
963:
869:
724:
563:
265:
70:
1864:
1373:
1371:
1302:
teacher training that focuses on the capacity to create a collective
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Nonprofit organizations help to cultivate local talents and skills,
1837:
1640:
http://www.sustainablecommunities.gov/pdf/studies/greenville_sc.pdf
1193:
1037:
322:
312:
142:
137:
117:
1797:
Sustainable Communities and the Challenge of Environmental Justice
1762:
Sustainable Communities and the Challenge of Environmental Justice
1742:
Sustainable Communities and the Challenge of Environmental Justice
1699:
http://planning.maryland.gov/yourpart/sustainablecommunities.shtml
1687:
http://planning.maryland.gov/OurWork/spotlightComm_Remington.shtml
1428:
Sustainable Communities and the Challenge of Environmental Justice
1227:
Sustainable communities projects have struggled to take hold for:
747:
shortage in the UK has also challenged the Plan's implementation.
1368:
810:
is arranged in a five-step program which allows communities to:
665:
82:
593:
578:
as aspects of sustainable communities. Meanwhile, the UK's 2003
1987:
1125:
1029:
plans that demonstrate goals for the city in a way that create
1026:
720:
429:
31:
1325:
http://clinton2.nara.gov/PCSD/Publications/suscomm/suscoa.html
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to provide resources to communities like clean air and water,
1900:
1887:"About Us: Description" Degrowth.org Retrieved 9 March 2014.
859:
Case Studies from the Partnership for Sustainable Communities
633:
of various practices, such as land use and community design,
1562:
1560:
1888:
967:
the creation of jobs, with most being near public transit.
172:
1377:"What is a Sustainable Community?" The National Archives.
952:
Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act of 2008
1557:
1186:
1863:"Who we are" Sustainable Seattle. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
1301:
1826:
http://www.iscvt.org/what_we_do/sustainable_community/
1077:
Are there pollution remediation programs in the city?
1722:
1720:
1718:
876:. During this economic downturn, Cleveland became a
1319:
1317:
1048:to create programs that would help the city become
1715:
1568:http://www.sustainablecommunities.gov/aboutUs.html
1244:framework: urban and environmental policy planner
1263:socially divisive or environmentally destructive.
2000:
1604:http://www.epa.gov/greenkit/basicinformation.htm
1454:
1314:
999:because cities are where most environmental and
832:of where the community sees itself in the future
1809:
1292:Masters of Arts (MA) in Sustainable Communities
1172:
970:
1616:http://www.dot.gov/livability/grants-programs
872:had seen a decline in commerce following the
796:Office of Sustainable Housing and Communities
594:Examples of Sustainable Community initiatives
516:
689:
1489:
1219:
1144:
787:Coordinate policies and leverage investment
769:Department of Housing and Urban Development
16:Communities that promote sustainable living
1298:DNS The necessary teacher training college
956:California Environmental Protection Agency
805:The Environmental Protection Agency has a
759:is an interagency partnership between the
602:as a base to live in harmony with nature.
523:
509:
1925:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1421:
1419:
1711:http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/sb375/sb375.htm
1703:
1675:http://mht.maryland.gov/taxCredits.shtml
1592:http://www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/index.htm
1810:Kornberg and Clarke, Allan and Harold.
1425:
1066:system of the city set up to encourage
910:Seattle's South Lake Union Neighborhood
850:The Department of Transportation has a
757:Partnership for Sustainable Communities
750:
2001:
1524:
1522:
1443:
1416:
1112:in their neighborhoods and leaves the
1055:How involved in the environmental and
1755:
1753:
1751:
1181:The Voluntary Simplicity Movement or
1151:Institute for Sustainable Communities
915:car service, partially funded by the
890:Greenville, South Carolina's Westside
778:Promote equitable, affordable housing
560:Institute for Sustainable Communities
1956:
1911:
1848:
1528:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1335:
922:
1914:European Urban and Regional Studies
1803:
1794:
1774:
1768:
1759:
1739:
1519:
1402:
950:The state of California passed the
790:Value communities and neighborhoods
775:Provide more transportation choices
709:Academy for Sustainable Communities
705:Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
645:, and climate friendly purchasing.
13:
1842:
1788:
1748:
1733:
1354:10.1111/j.1931-0846.2009.tb00415.x
1236:Projects have been critiqued for:
14:
2030:
1980:
1865:http://www.sustainableseattle.org
1383:
703:was launched in 2003 through the
694:
1986:
1971:10.1111/j.0066-4812.2005.00495.x
1838:http://www.sustainable.org/about
1121:and social justice are created.
1095:
864:The Euclid Corridor in Cleveland
781:Enhance economic competitiveness
38:
1950:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1869:
1857:
1830:
1818:
1691:
1679:
1667:
1656:
1644:
1632:
1620:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1132:is a large part in determining
1036:Does the city follow any legal
765:Environmental Protection Agency
1483:
1329:
1130:internal and external efficacy
1059:are programs within the city?
917:Federal Transit Administration
900:Federal Highway Administration
1:
1308:
945:
1336:Kong, Lily (21 April 2010).
1267:
784:Support existing communities
761:Department of Transportation
701:Sustainable Communities Plan
668:and transportation choices.
580:Sustainable Communities Plan
576:environmental sustainability
7:
1288:Northern Arizona University
1173:Social movement initiatives
971:City government initiatives
927:
818:of their current conditions
10:
2035:
1901:http://ecovillagefarm.org/
1070:and not private to reduce
1018:” and minimize impacts on
896:Greenville, South Carolina
283:Third International Theory
1543:10.1007/s10708-009-9327-0
1469:10.1080/02690940802407989
1240:lacking a well-developed
1033:areas and maintain them?
1031:environmentally-sensitive
690:International initiatives
1936:10.1177/0969776407081164
1889:http://www.degrowth.org/
1426:Agyeman, Julian (2005),
1220:Challenges and critiques
1145:Nonprofit and NGO sector
800:green affordable housing
616:non-profit organizations
600:regenerative agriculture
2019:Sustainable development
2014:Sustainable communities
1993:Sustainable communities
1430:, New York: NYU Press,
1106:precautionary principle
1057:social justice movement
1010:Does the city have any
904:Falls Park on the Reedy
741:2008 economic recession
588:sustainable development
568:cultural sustainability
566:has paired concepts of
443:Communities by country
1507:Cite journal requires
975:Cities are defined as
278:Real utopian sociology
47:Mythical and religious
1278:Binghamton University
1242:environmental justice
1196:movement is based on
1119:environmental justice
1068:public transportation
852:Livability Initiative
816:community assessments
662:environmental justice
572:social sustainability
556:sustainable community
410:Intentional community
353:Post-scarcity economy
1995:at Wikimedia Commons
1082:politically involved
1020:physical environment
935:Remington, Baltimore
807:Smart Growth Program
751:National initiatives
658:economic development
227:Dystopian literature
2009:Planned communities
1342:Geographical Review
1166:Sustainable Seattle
1025:Does the city have
552:Burlington, Vermont
289:Utopia for Realists
245:Communitas perfecta
218:Gulliver's Travels
192:Ideology and Utopia
61:City of the Caesars
1208:Movements such as
855:communities, etc.
745:affordable housing
676:sustainable living
654:community planning
545:sustainable cities
537:sustainable living
93:Garden of the gods
1991:Media related to
1849:Pimentel, David.
1795:Agyeman, Julian.
1775:Portney, Kent E.
1760:Agyeman, Julian.
1740:Agyeman, Julian.
1403:Portney, Kent E.
1258:accommodating to
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684:local economics
643:waste reduction
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469:Associationists
415:Atarashiki-mura
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318:Agriculturalism
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295:Utopian studies
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88:Fortunate Isles
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393:Open borders
383:Architecture
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273:Pantisocracy
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204:The Republic
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1348:(1): 1–22.
1253:measures.".
1210:ecovillages
1050:sustainable
1040:that allow
731:(LSCP) and
612:governments
479:Lindisfarne
435:Sustainable
420:Egalitarian
256:Heterotopia
113:Great Unity
2003:Categories
1531:GeoJournal
1309:References
1260:neoliberal
981:ecological
960:Sacramento
946:California
883:HealthLine
835:Establish
821:Formulate
767:, and the
723:-Stansted-
627:empowering
620:coalitions
574:alongside
484:Millennium
261:Ideal city
182:Literature
153:Mezzoramia
133:Libertatia
108:Satya Yuga
103:Golden Age
98:Shangri-La
1944:156269868
1922:CiteSeerX
1551:153538503
1477:153419157
1362:144963064
1300:offers a
1290:offers a
1280:offers a
1268:Education
1249:movement.
1104:uses the
1072:pollution
1046:activists
1042:advocates
989:resources
964:San Diego
870:Cleveland
844:implement
725:Cambridge
564:Lily Kong
494:Zeitgeist
266:Sforzinda
71:Cockaigne
1959:Antipode
1194:Degrowth
1038:policies
928:Maryland
814:Develop
374:Practice
323:Escapism
313:Arcology
304:Concepts
143:Mahoroba
138:Mag Mell
118:Ketumati
24:a series
22:Part of
1062:Is the
1003:dwell.
828:Create
666:housing
457:Germany
452:Finland
447:America
333:New Man
83:Elysium
56:Arcadia
32:Utopias
1942:
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1126:Quebec
1027:zoning
721:London
682:, and
650:grants
558:. The
430:Nanjie
388:HosPex
235:Theory
211:Utopia
1940:S2CID
1782:(PDF)
1547:S2CID
1473:S2CID
1410:(PDF)
1358:S2CID
128:Opona
1513:help
1432:ISBN
1200:and
1192:The
1157:The
1149:The
1080:How
1044:and
755:The
699:The
614:and
570:and
198:List
173:Zion
78:Eden
1967:doi
1932:doi
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1187:DIY
743:An
547:."
489:WSF
403:UBI
2005::
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1961:.
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524:e
517:t
510:v
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