262:, or fishing. Farmers, for example, typically drained swamps next to their fields so as to gain more land usable for planting crops, both historically, and to a lesser extent, presently. On the other hand, swamps can (and do) play a beneficial ecological role in the overall functions of the natural environment and provide a variety of resources that many species depend on. Swamps and other wetlands have shown to be a natural form of flood management and defense against flooding. In such circumstances where flooding does occur, swamps absorb and use the excess water within the wetland, preventing it from traveling and flooding surrounding areas. Dense vegetation within the swamp also provides soil stability to the land, holding soils and sediment in place whilst preventing erosion and land loss. Swamps are an abundant and valuable source of
210:
of the ecosystem. As water flows through the swamp, nutrients, sediment and pollutants are naturally filtered out. Chemicals like phosphorus and nitrogen that end up in waterways get absorbed and used by the aquatic plants within the swamp, purifying the water. Any remaining or excess chemicals present will accumulate at the bottom of the swamp, being removed from the water and buried within the sediment. The biogeochemical environment of a swamp is dependent on its hydrology, affecting the levels and availability of resources like oxygen, nutrients, water pH and toxicity, which will influence the whole ecosystem.
219:
974:
93:
348:
2659:
771:
185:
289:
water purification, carbon storage, and wildlife habitats. In many parts of the world authorities protect swamps. In parts of Europe and North
America, swamp restoration projects are becoming widespread. The United States government began enforcing stricter laws and management programs in the 1970s in efforts to protect and restore these ecosystems. Often the simplest steps to restoring swamps involve plugging drainage ditches and removing
2685:
2648:
47:
539:
551:
410:
200:
soils. Marshes are wetlands, continually or frequently flooded by nearby running bodies of water, that are dominated by emergent soft-stem vegetation and herbaceous plants. Swamps are wetlands consisting of saturated soils or standing water and are dominated by water-tolerant woody vegetation such as
279:
Historically, humans have been known to drain and/or fill swamps and other wetlands in order to create more space for human development and to reduce the threat of diseases borne by swamp insects. Wetlands are removed and replaced with land that is then used for things like agriculture, real estate,
209:
Swamps are characterized by their saturated soils and slow-moving waters. The water that accumulates in swamps comes from a variety of sources including precipitation, groundwater, tides and/or freshwater flooding. These hydrologic pathways all contribute to how energy and nutrients flow in and out
377:
swamps are located in mainland East Asia and
Southeast Asia. In Southeast Asia, peatlands are mainly found in low altitude coastal and sub-coastal areas and extend inland for distance more than 100 km (62 mi) along river valleys and across watersheds. They are mostly to be found on the
288:
provides a classic example of wetland loss from these combined factors. Europe has likely lost nearly half its wetlands. New
Zealand lost 90 percent of its wetlands over a period of 150 years. Ecologists recognize that swamps provide ecological services including flood control, fish production,
1440:
280:
and recreational uses. Many swamps have also undergone intensive logging and farming, requiring the construction of drainage ditches and canals. These ditches and canals contributed to drainage and, along the coast, allowed salt water to intrude, converting swamps to
270:
for all life, and they are often breeding grounds for a wide variety of species. Floodplain swamps are an important resource in the production and distribution of fish. Two thirds of global fish and shellfish are commercially harvested and dependent on wetlands.
1466:
1444:
1414:
382:,1996). Indonesia has the largest area of tropical peatland. Of the total 440,000 km (170,000 sq mi) tropical peat swamp, about 210,000 km (81,000 sq mi) are located in Indonesia (Page, 2001; Wahyunto, 2006).
1710:
1204:
Hughes, F.M.R. (ed.). 2003. The
Flooded Forest: Guidance for policy makers and river managers in Europe on the restoration of floodplain forests. FLOBAR2, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 96
378:
coasts of East
Sumatra, Kalimantan (Central, East, South and West Kalimantan provinces), West Papua, Papua New Guinea, Brunei, Peninsular Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, Southeast Thailand, and the Philippines (Riley
1470:
428:. It is an important example of southern cypress swamp but it has been greatly altered by logging, drainage and levee construction. Other famous swamps in the United States are the forested portions of the
1652:
Conner, W. H. and Buford, M. A. (1998). Southern deepwater swamps. In
Southern Forested Wetlands: Ecology and Management, eds. M. G. Messina and W. H. Conner, pp. 261–87. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
1257:
Keddy, P.A., L.H. Fraser, A.I. Solomeshch, W.J. Junk, D.R. Campbell, M.T.K. Arroyo and C.J.R. Alho. 2009. Wet and wonderful: the world's largest wetlands are conservation priorities. BioScience 59: 39–51.
112:. Swamps are considered to be transition zones because both land and water play a role in creating this environment. Swamps vary in size and are located all around the world. The water of a swamp may be
1367:
Keddy, P.A., D. Campbell, T. McFalls, G. Shaffer, R. Moreau, C. Dranguet, and R. Heleniak. 2007. The wetlands of lakes
Pontchartrain and Maurepas: past, present and future. Environmental Reviews 15: 1-
1418:
1690:
1707:
1438:
Smith, S. & Mark, S. (2009). The
Historical Roots of the Nature Conservancy in the Northwest Indiana/Chicagoland Region: From Science to Preservation. The South Shore Journal, 3.
1670:
Watson, Geraldine Ellis (2006) Big
Thicket Plant Ecology: An Introduction, Third Edition (Temple Big Thicket Series #5). University of North Texas Press. Denton, Texas. 152 pp.
1337:
566:
The world's largest wetlands include significant areas of swamp, such as in the Amazon and Congo River basins. Further north, however, the largest wetlands are
1661:
Reuss, M. (1998). Designing the Bayous: The
Control of Water in the Atchafalaya Basin 1800–1995. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Office of History.
2489:
128:
form along large rivers or lakes where they are critically dependent upon rainwater and seasonal flooding to maintain natural water level fluctuations.
68:
1566:
62:
1403:
Environment Canada. 2004. How Much Habitat is Enough? A Framework for Guiding Habitat Rehabilitation in Great Lakes Areas of Concern. 2nd ed. 81 p.
1307:
1544:
L.H. Fraser and P.A. Keddy (eds.). 2005. The World's Largest Wetlands: Ecology and Conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 488 p.
1464:
Smith, S. & Mark, S. (2007). The cultural impact of a museum in a small community: The Hour Glass of Ogden Dunes. The South Shore Journal, 2.
682:
1687:
1441:"South Shore Journal - the Historical Roots of the Nature Conservancy in the Northwest Indiana/Chicagoland Region: From Science to Preservation"
319:
The largest swamp in the world is the Amazon River floodplain, which is particularly significant for its large number of fish and tree species.
2432:
2517:
2442:
1762:
1412:
Smith, S. & Mark, S. (2006). Alice Gray, Dorothy Buell, and Naomi Svihla: Preservationists of Ogden Dunes. The South Shore Journal, 1.
1386:
Peters, M. and Clarkson, B. 2010. Wetland Restoration: A Handbook for New Zealand Freshwater Systems. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln, N.Z.
1523:
Goulding, M. (1980). The Fishes and the Forest: Explorations in Amazonian Natural History. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
1358:
Lowe-McConnell, R. H. (1975). Fish Communities in Tropical Fresh waters: Their Distribution, Ecology and Evolution. London: Long man
1181:
2715:
1737:
1532:
Lowe-McConnell, R. H. (1975). Fish Communities in Tropical Freshwaters: Their Distribution, Ecology and Evolution. London: Longman
2537:
2469:
1152:
Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p.
1788:
1391:
1632:
1329:
1237:
889:
811:
1594:
2532:
1852:
1675:
1508:
505:
1275:
1626:
254:. They have a reputation for being unproductive land that cannot easily be utilized for human activities, other than
2720:
2028:
1245:
140:, or vegetation that tolerates periodic inundation or soil saturation. The two main types of swamp are "true" or
1822:
931:
734:
512:, the Great Dismal and Reelfoot are swamps that are centered at large lakes. Swamps are often associated with
2745:
2542:
2257:
1981:
817:
2552:
1558:
1467:"South Shore Journal - the Cultural Impact of a Museum in a Small Community: The Hour Glass in Ogden Dunes"
901:
1763:
https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/766781bf-a9d9-4c04-8a96-77bccd2e0426/files/wa-19.pdf
1095: – Tropical moist forests where waterlogged soil prevents dead leaves and wood from fully decomposing
2437:
73:
1299:
2725:
2675:
2522:
519:
746:
1415:"South Shore Journal - Alice Gray, Dorothy Buell, and Naomi Svihla: Preservationists of Ogden Dunes"
2705:
2501:
961:
955:
859:
716:
543:
489:
473:
2740:
2212:
1053:
296:
Conservationists work to preserve swamps such as those in northwest Indiana in the United States
141:
2547:
2424:
2318:
1845:
1500:
847:
829:
35:
17:
2192:
895:
722:
701:
660:
336:
1492:
2452:
1816:
925:
865:
758:
449:
359:
991:
152:
regions of Canada, the word swamp is colloquially used for what is more formally termed a
8:
2632:
2283:
1761:(No. 19; Annual Update for Australia’s Wetland Community, p. 56). Australian Government.
1125:
913:
877:
823:
457:
441:
437:
56:
31:
1173:
2496:
2414:
2323:
2197:
2182:
2162:
2063:
2058:
1727:
1113:
985:
943:
907:
883:
477:
469:
445:
394:
223:
137:
92:
218:
2735:
2730:
2662:
2572:
2479:
2288:
2230:
2093:
2068:
1838:
1671:
1622:
1504:
1493:
1387:
1092:
871:
740:
630:
421:
169:
133:
2293:
2207:
2088:
1897:
1779:
1101: – Coastal ecosystem between land and open saltwater that is regularly flooded
1059:
1041:
937:
919:
634:
626:
476:
on the southern tip of Maryland contains a large amount of swamps and marshes. The
433:
149:
2247:
2710:
2689:
2652:
2527:
2464:
2222:
2217:
2073:
1964:
1714:
1694:
1616:
1377:
Dugan, P. (ed.) 2005. Guide to Wetlands. Buffalo, New York. Firefly Books. 304 p.
1241:
1234:
786:
775:
650:
585:
259:
1009:
973:
2602:
2409:
2083:
1590:
676:
640:
597:
579:
559:
523:
485:
397:. This is one of the largest swamps in the world, covering an area larger than
386:
332:
243:
227:
117:
997:
798:
164:. Some of the world's largest swamps are found along major rivers such as the
2699:
2612:
2366:
1937:
1787:. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. IUCN. pp. 118–302.
1023:
949:
752:
728:
707:
695:
654:
622:
493:
425:
301:
284:
or even to open water. Large areas of swamp were therefore lost or degraded.
530:
is a type of swamp found in the forest of the Gulf Coast states in the USA.
196:
are specific types of wetlands that form along waterbodies containing rich,
2597:
2383:
2298:
2033:
2023:
1986:
1917:
1892:
1562:
1267:
841:
347:
165:
880:, Delaware and Maryland, United States, also known as Great Pocomoke Swamp
2622:
2617:
2484:
2474:
2373:
2252:
2235:
2122:
2103:
1932:
1922:
1912:
1104:
1077:
616:
591:
398:
367:
263:
197:
173:
145:
113:
1697:. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
2582:
2278:
2262:
2242:
2108:
2098:
2001:
1969:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1098:
853:
835:
770:
670:
509:
429:
424:
at the lower end of the Mississippi River is the largest swamp in the
313:
1976:
132:
are found along tropical and subtropical coastlines. Some swamps have
2404:
2378:
2113:
1927:
1902:
1882:
1071:
497:
414:
285:
184:
30:"Swampland" redirects here. For the theoretical-physics concept, see
2592:
2587:
2577:
2399:
2351:
2346:
2329:
2187:
2167:
2132:
2011:
2006:
1732:
1050: – Type of wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water
1003:
977:
792:
555:
501:
481:
465:
461:
251:
239:
121:
2048:
1815:
1026: – Plant that has adapted to living in an aquatic environment
2627:
2607:
2172:
2137:
1959:
1861:
1122: – Type of land area that is flooded or saturated with water
1119:
779:
644:
527:
453:
390:
297:
255:
247:
109:
97:
2361:
2152:
2142:
2038:
1706:
Texas Parks and Wildlife. Ecological Mapping systems of Texas:
664:
550:
538:
267:
161:
1074: – Gas produced naturally within marshes, swamps and bogs
2157:
2147:
2127:
2078:
2043:
2018:
1991:
1887:
1065:
1029:
514:
290:
281:
231:
193:
409:
2356:
2177:
2053:
1830:
1086:
603:
374:
363:
328:
1552:
1550:
1996:
1907:
1585:
1583:
1047:
1035:
567:
179:
157:
153:
1618:
Le Partage des Eaux entre la Syrie, l'Irak et la Turquie
1547:
1082:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1580:
2673:
1781:
Wild Cats. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan
1773:
1200:
1198:
1109:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
1089: – Accumulation of partially decayed vegetation
448:. The Okefenokee is located in extreme southeastern
54:It has been suggested that this article should be
1540:
1538:
1195:
1767:
1720:
1708:West Gulf Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1068: – Low-lying and seasonally waterlogged land
2697:
1680:
213:
1728:"India wild tiger census shows population rise"
1535:
1044: – Forested wetlands dominated by conifers
2433:A Directory of Important Wetlands in Australia
1371:
1139:
1062: – Poisonous, corrosive and flammable gas
1032: – Body of water in flat, low-lying areas
362:is a large swamp and river system in southern
2518:Bangladesh Haor and Wetland Development Board
2443:Ramsar Classification System for Wetland Type
1846:
1700:
1664:
1495:Maintaining Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems
335:are Africa's best known marshland areas. The
312:Swamps can be found on all continents except
1221:Mitsch, W.J., & Gosselink, J.G.(2015).
1038: – Type of wetland with peat-rich soil
274:
1853:
1839:
1608:
1056: – Forest growing on an alluvial zone
1225:. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
366:, traditionally inhabited in part by the
972:
886:, North Carolina/Virginia, United States
769:
549:
537:
408:
346:
217:
183:
91:
1774:Nowell, K.; Jackson, P., eds. (1996). "
719:, Queensland/New South Wales, Australia
533:
452:and extends slightly into northeastern
14:
2698:
2538:Meadowview Biological Research Station
2470:Greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands
1614:
1499:. Cambridge University Press. p.
1490:
1484:
1300:"Classification and Types of Wetlands"
180:Differences between marshes and swamps
136:, or dry-land protrusions, covered by
1834:
1310:from the original on 23 November 2019
1559:"Photos: The Biggest Lions on Earth"
1556:
1340:from the original on 1 December 2021
1294:
1292:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
890:Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge
812:Atchafalaya National Wildlife Refuge
40:
2533:Irish Peatland Conservation Council
1757:Price, C., & Kelly, A. (2011).
1621:(in French). CNRS. pp. 1–269.
952:, Tennessee/Kentucky, United States
307:
300:that were preserved as part of the
242:have traditionally held a very low
24:
1686:Natural Communities of Louisiana:
1107: – type of wetland ecosystem
805:
188:Difference between swamp and marsh
25:
2757:
1808:
1289:
1208:
1155:
934:, Puxico, Missouri, United States
2683:
2658:
2657:
2646:
1128: – Atmospheric ghost lights
968:
940:, Georgia/Florida, United States
838:, Texas/Louisiana, United States
404:
389:is a large swamp in the western
339:make up Africa's largest swamp.
45:
2716:Flooded grasslands and savannas
2029:Flooded grasslands and savannas
1794:from the original on 2019-02-05
1751:
1740:from the original on 2022-04-23
1655:
1646:
1635:from the original on 2023-04-05
1597:from the original on 2018-04-26
1569:from the original on 2018-04-18
1526:
1517:
1458:
1432:
1406:
1397:
1380:
1361:
1352:
1278:from the original on 2019-11-12
1272:Nature Works- New Hampshire PBS
1246:United States Geological Survey
1244:(from glossary web page of the
1184:from the original on 2021-03-03
904:, North Carolina, United States
850:, South Carolina, United States
1823:New International Encyclopedia
1322:
1260:
1251:
1228:
1006:, Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay
932:Mingo National Wildlife Refuge
735:Fivebough and Tuckerbil Swamps
506:1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes
13:
1:
2553:Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust
2543:Society of Wetland Scientists
1759:National Wetlands Update 2011
1133:
874:, Indiana/Ohio, United States
818:Big Cypress National Preserve
480:lies in extreme southeastern
214:Values and ecosystem services
2168:Peatland, mire, and quagmire
1860:
1557:Main, Douglas (2013-11-26).
737:, New South Wales, Australia
731:, New South Wales, Australia
725:, New South Wales, Australia
710:, New South Wales, Australia
689:
204:
7:
2438:National Wetlands Inventory
1688:Bayhead Swamp/Forested Seep
1491:Hunter, Malcolm L. (1999).
1178:National Geographic Society
1016:
892:, New Jersey, United States
573:
201:shrubs, bushes, and trees.
10:
2762:
2523:Delta Waterfowl Foundation
946:, Tabasco/Campeche, Mexico
928:, Louisiana, United States
910:, Louisiana, United States
814:, Louisiana, United States
520:southeastern United States
29:
2641:
2565:
2510:
2460:
2451:
2423:
2392:
2339:
2311:
2271:
1875:
1868:
862:, Virginia, United States
832:, Illinois, United States
765:
610:
490:National Wildlife Refuges
484:and extreme northeastern
322:
2502:Wetland indicator status
962:Tortuguero National Park
922:, Indiana, United States
898:, Florida, United States
868:, Indiana, United States
860:First Landing State Park
856:, Florida, United States
826:, Florida, United States
820:, Florida, United States
717:Coastal Swamp Oak Forest
544:Padstow, New South Wales
474:Point Lookout State Park
275:Impacts and conservation
2213:Freshwater swamp forest
1717:. Retrieved 7 July 2020
1591:"Lions of the Okavango"
1116: – Type of wetland
1054:Freshwater swamp forest
749:, Queensland, Australia
673:in India and Bangladesh
342:
2721:Terrestrial ecoregions
2548:Wetlands International
2319:List of wetland plants
1615:Daoudy, Marwa (2005).
981:
958:, Texas, United States
782:
563:
547:
492:. Another swamp area,
417:
355:
235:
189:
144:and "transitional" or
101:
96:A freshwater swamp in
36:Swamp (disambiguation)
34:. For other uses, see
2193:Salt pannes and pools
976:
773:
761:, Victoria, Australia
743:, Victoria, Australia
723:Coastal Upland Swamps
702:Becher Point Wetlands
698:, Victoria, Australia
661:Ratargul Swamp Forest
553:
541:
504:, was created by the
412:
351:Marsh Arabs poling a
350:
337:Bangweulu Floodplains
221:
187:
95:
60:into articles titled
2746:Lacustrine landforms
1330:"Linnaistensuo Mire"
926:Louisiana swamplands
866:Grand Kankakee Marsh
759:West Melbourne Swamp
534:List of major swamps
522:, especially in the
360:Mesopotamian Marshes
246:compared to fields,
2653:Wetlands portal
2284:Constructed wetland
1869:Types and landforms
1593:. Siyabona Africa.
964:, LimĂłn, Costa Rica
914:Hudson Bay Lowlands
878:Great Cypress Swamp
824:Barley Barber Swamp
755:, Western Australia
704:, Western Australia
496:of extreme western
464:, but extends into
458:Great Cypress Swamp
442:Great Cypress Swamp
438:Barley Barber Swamp
32:Swampland (physics)
2497:Salt marsh die-off
2415:Salt marsh dieback
2324:List of fen plants
2163:Palustrine wetland
2064:Intertidal wetland
2059:Interdunal wetland
1713:2020-07-10 at the
1693:2020-07-03 at the
1240:2007-06-10 at the
1114:Slough (hydrology)
986:Caribbean Lowlands
982:
944:Pantanos de Centla
908:Honey Island Swamp
884:Great Dismal Swamp
783:
564:
548:
478:Great Dismal Swamp
470:Delmarva Peninsula
446:Great Dismal Swamp
418:
413:Swamp in southern
395:Russian Federation
373:In Asia, tropical
356:
236:
224:Linnaistensuo Mire
190:
138:aquatic vegetation
102:
27:A forested wetland
2726:Fluvial landforms
2671:
2670:
2573:Aquatic ecosystem
2561:
2560:
2480:Ramsar Convention
2307:
2306:
2289:Converted wetland
2231:Peat swamp forest
2094:Inland salt marsh
1736:. 28 March 2011.
1392:978-0-478-34707-4
1093:Peat swamp forest
1080: – Soil type
992:Esteros del Iberá
916:, Ontario, Canada
872:Great Black Swamp
741:Koo-Wee-Rup Swamp
713:Coomonderry Swamp
562:, New South Wales
542:A small swamp in
422:Atchafalaya Swamp
238:Swamps and other
126:Freshwater swamps
90:
89:
16:(Redirected from
2753:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2679:
2661:
2660:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2633:Will-o'-the-wisp
2566:Related articles
2458:
2457:
2258:Whitewater river
2208:Coniferous swamp
2089:Freshwater marsh
1982:Clearwater river
1898:Blackwater river
1873:
1872:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1819:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1771:
1765:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1724:
1718:
1704:
1698:
1684:
1678:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1587:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1554:
1545:
1542:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1498:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1469:. Archived from
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1443:. Archived from
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1417:. Archived from
1410:
1404:
1401:
1395:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1336:. Lahti Region.
1326:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1306:. 9 April 2015.
1296:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1232:
1226:
1219:
1206:
1202:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1170:
1153:
1150:
1126:Will-o'-the-wisp
1110:
1083:
1060:Hydrogen sulfide
1042:Coniferous swamp
956:Texas Swamplands
938:Okefenokee Swamp
747:Noosa Everglades
635:Pulilan, Bulacan
580:Bangweulu Swamps
434:Okefenokee Swamp
308:Notable examples
130:Saltwater swamps
85:
82:
69:Swamp (woodland)
49:
48:
41:
21:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2706:Bodies of water
2696:
2695:
2694:
2684:
2682:
2674:
2672:
2667:
2647:
2645:
2637:
2557:
2528:Ducks Unlimited
2506:
2465:Clean Water Act
2447:
2425:Classifications
2419:
2388:
2335:
2303:
2267:
2218:Mangrove forest
1864:
1859:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1772:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1743:
1741:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1715:Wayback Machine
1705:
1701:
1695:Wayback Machine
1685:
1681:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1638:
1636:
1629:
1613:
1609:
1600:
1598:
1589:
1588:
1581:
1572:
1570:
1555:
1548:
1543:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1489:
1485:
1476:
1474:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1424:
1422:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1281:
1279:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1242:Wayback Machine
1233:
1229:
1220:
1209:
1203:
1196:
1187:
1185:
1172:
1171:
1156:
1151:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1108:
1081:
1019:
971:
808:
787:Pripyat Marshes
768:
692:
651:Myristica Swamp
633:, Pampanga and
613:
586:Mare aux Songes
576:
536:
407:
345:
325:
310:
277:
216:
207:
182:
100:, United States
86:
80:
77:
63:Swamp (wetland)
50:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2759:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2741:Forest ecology
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2693:
2692:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2655:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2603:Drainage basin
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2410:Paludification
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2362:Sapric or muck
2359:
2349:
2343:
2341:
2340:Soil mechanics
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2084:Brackish marsh
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1810:
1809:External links
1807:
1805:
1804:
1766:
1750:
1719:
1699:
1679:
1676:978-1574412147
1663:
1654:
1645:
1627:
1607:
1579:
1546:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1510:978-0521637688
1509:
1483:
1457:
1431:
1405:
1396:
1379:
1370:
1360:
1351:
1321:
1288:
1259:
1250:
1227:
1207:
1194:
1180:. 2011-01-21.
1154:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1001:
995:
989:
970:
967:
966:
965:
959:
953:
947:
941:
935:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
863:
857:
851:
848:Congaree Swamp
845:
839:
833:
827:
821:
815:
807:
804:
803:
802:
796:
790:
767:
764:
763:
762:
756:
750:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
711:
705:
699:
691:
688:
687:
686:
680:
677:Vasyugan Swamp
674:
668:
658:
648:
641:Mangrove Swamp
638:
620:
612:
609:
608:
607:
601:
598:Okavango Swamp
595:
589:
583:
575:
572:
560:Salt Pan Creek
535:
532:
486:North Carolina
406:
403:
387:Vasyugan Swamp
344:
341:
333:Okavango Delta
324:
321:
309:
306:
276:
273:
244:property value
228:nature reserve
215:
212:
206:
203:
181:
178:
118:brackish water
108:is a forested
88:
87:
53:
51:
44:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2758:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2691:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2664:
2656:
2654:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2613:Riparian zone
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:Organizations
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2367:Tropical peat
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Várzea forest
2246:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:Polygonal bog
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1825:
1824:
1818:
1817:"Swamp"
1813:
1812:
1790:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1776:Panthera Onca
1770:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1703:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1634:
1630:
1628:2-271-06290-X
1624:
1620:
1619:
1611:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1553:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1529:
1520:
1512:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1487:
1473:on 2012-11-30
1472:
1468:
1461:
1447:on 2016-01-01
1446:
1442:
1435:
1421:on 2012-09-13
1420:
1416:
1409:
1400:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1374:
1364:
1355:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1295:
1293:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1254:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1224:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1201:
1199:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1138:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1024:Aquatic plant
1022:
1021:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
983:
979:
975:
969:South America
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
950:Reelfoot Lake
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
844:, Puerto Rico
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
809:
806:North America
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
784:
781:
777:
772:
760:
757:
754:
753:Toolibin Lake
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
729:Cumbung Swamp
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
708:Burraga Swamp
706:
703:
700:
697:
696:Banksia Swamp
694:
693:
684:
683:Negombo Swamp
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
662:
659:
656:
655:Western Ghats
652:
649:
646:
642:
639:
637:, Philippines
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:Candaba Swamp
621:
618:
615:
614:
606:, South Sudan
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
577:
571:
569:
561:
557:
552:
545:
540:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
516:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:Reelfoot Lake
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
460:is mostly in
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
426:United States
423:
416:
411:
405:North America
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
383:
381:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
354:
349:
340:
338:
334:
330:
320:
317:
315:
305:
303:
302:Indiana Dunes
299:
294:
292:
287:
283:
272:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
233:
229:
225:
220:
211:
202:
199:
195:
186:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
142:swamp forests
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
99:
94:
84:
75:
71:
70:
65:
64:
59:
58:
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
2598:List of bogs
2453:Conservation
2384:Ombrotrophic
2328:
2299:Water-meadow
2223:
2202:
2034:Grass valley
2024:Flood-meadow
1987:Cypress dome
1918:Cataract bog
1893:Beach meadow
1821:
1796:. Retrieved
1780:
1775:
1769:
1758:
1753:
1742:. Retrieved
1731:
1722:
1702:
1682:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1637:. Retrieved
1617:
1610:
1599:. Retrieved
1571:. Retrieved
1563:Live Science
1528:
1519:
1494:
1486:
1475:. Retrieved
1471:the original
1460:
1449:. Retrieved
1445:the original
1434:
1423:. Retrieved
1419:the original
1408:
1399:
1382:
1373:
1363:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1333:
1324:
1312:. Retrieved
1303:
1280:. Retrieved
1271:
1262:
1253:
1230:
1222:
1186:. Retrieved
1177:
1010:Paraná Delta
842:Cibuco Swamp
667:, Bangladesh
588:, Mauritius*
565:
513:
419:
393:area of the
384:
379:
372:
357:
352:
326:
318:
311:
295:
278:
237:
208:
191:
146:shrub swamps
129:
125:
105:
103:
78:
67:
61:
55:
2623:Telmatology
2618:River delta
2485:Ramsar site
2475:Marsh organ
2374:Hydric soil
2253:Vernal pool
2236:Shrub swamp
2104:Tidal marsh
1933:Plateau bog
1923:Coastal bog
1913:Blanket bog
1344:18 November
1334:Visit Lahti
1314:26 November
1105:Shrub swamp
1012:, Argentina
998:Lahuen Ă‘adi
994:, Argentina
902:Green Swamp
896:Green Swamp
830:Cache River
799:KopaÄŤki rit
776:black alder
685:, Sri Lanka
619:, Indonesia
617:Asmat Swamp
592:Niger Delta
546:, Australia
488:. Both are
399:Switzerland
368:Marsh Arabs
264:fresh water
192:Swamps and
170:Mississippi
114:fresh water
2700:Categories
2583:Bog butter
2279:Bog garden
2272:Artificial
2243:Wet meadow
2109:High marsh
2099:Salt marsh
2002:Fen-meadow
1970:Alder carr
1953:Upland bog
1948:String bog
1943:Raised bog
1798:2015-09-07
1744:2011-02-08
1639:2016-04-06
1601:2018-04-18
1573:2018-04-18
1477:2012-06-11
1451:2015-11-22
1425:2012-06-11
1282:2019-11-26
1188:2019-09-26
1134:References
1099:Salt marsh
988:, Colombia
920:Limberlost
854:Everglades
836:Caddo Lake
795:, Slovakia
671:Sundarbans
647:, Pakistan
600:, Botswana
526:region. A
524:Gulf Coast
510:Caddo Lake
430:Everglades
314:Antarctica
234:, Finland.
172:, and the
2405:Hydrosere
2393:Processes
2379:Marsh gas
2224:Myristica
2114:Low marsh
1928:Kermi bog
1903:Bofedales
1883:Backswamp
1072:Marsh gas
980:in Brazil
801:, Croatia
789:, Belarus
778:swamp in
690:Australia
594:, Nigeria
554:Inside a
498:Tennessee
415:Louisiana
286:Louisiana
252:woodlands
230:swamp in
205:Hydrology
148:. In the
81:July 2023
2736:Wetlands
2731:Pedology
2690:Wetlands
2663:Category
2593:Bog-wood
2588:Bog iron
2578:Bog body
2400:Halosere
2352:Histosol
2347:Acrotelm
2330:Sphagnum
2188:Reed bed
2133:Moorland
2012:Rich fen
2007:Poor fen
1862:Wetlands
1789:Archived
1738:Archived
1733:BBC News
1711:Archived
1691:Archived
1633:Archived
1595:Archived
1567:Archived
1394:(online)
1338:Archived
1308:Archived
1276:Archived
1268:"Swamps"
1238:Archived
1223:Wetlands
1182:Archived
1017:See also
1004:Pantanal
978:Pantanal
679:, Russia
582:, Zambia
558:canopy,
556:mangrove
502:Kentucky
482:Virginia
466:Maryland
462:Delaware
444:and the
331:and the
260:trapping
248:prairies
240:wetlands
134:hammocks
122:seawater
2628:Turbary
2608:Estuary
2183:Pothole
2173:Pocosin
2138:Mudflat
1977:Ciénega
1960:Callows
1876:Natural
1826:. 1905.
1174:"swamp"
1120:Wetland
1000:, Chile
780:Germany
657:, India
645:Karachi
631:Candaba
528:baygall
518:in the
468:on the
454:Florida
450:Georgia
391:Siberia
353:mashoof
298:Midwest
256:hunting
194:marshes
110:wetland
98:Florida
74:discuss
2711:Swamps
2676:Portal
2198:Slough
2153:Pakihi
2143:Muskeg
2069:Kettle
2039:Guelta
1674:
1625:
1507:
1390:
766:Europe
665:Sylhet
627:Apalit
574:Africa
515:bayous
456:. The
380:et al.
323:Africa
291:levees
268:oxygen
198:hydric
168:, the
166:Amazon
162:muskeg
150:boreal
18:Swamps
2294:Swale
2263:Yaéré
2226:swamp
2203:Swamp
2158:Palsa
2148:Oasis
2128:Misse
2079:Marsh
2049:IgapĂł
2044:Hamun
2019:Flark
1992:Dambo
1888:Bayou
1792:(PDF)
1785:(PDF)
1235:Swamp
1066:Marsh
1030:Bayou
282:marsh
250:, or
232:Lahti
174:Congo
160:, or
120:, or
106:swamp
57:split
2490:List
2357:Peat
2312:Life
2178:Pond
2123:Mere
2074:Lagg
2054:Ings
1965:Carr
1672:ISBN
1623:ISBN
1505:ISBN
1388:ISBN
1346:2020
1316:2019
1087:Peat
1078:Muck
629:and
611:Asia
604:Sudd
568:bogs
500:and
420:The
385:The
375:peat
364:Iraq
358:The
343:Asia
329:Sudd
327:The
266:and
226:, a
222:The
66:and
1997:Fen
1908:Bog
1778:".
1501:325
1368:35.
1304:EPA
1048:Fen
1036:Bog
793:Ĺ Ăşr
663:in
653:in
643:in
625:in
158:fen
154:bog
76:)
72:. (
2702::
1820:.
1730:.
1631:.
1582:^
1565:.
1561:.
1549:^
1537:^
1503:.
1332:.
1302:.
1291:^
1274:.
1270:.
1210:^
1205:p.
1197:^
1176:.
1157:^
1141:^
774:A
570:.
508:.
472:.
440:,
436:,
432:,
401:.
370:.
316:.
304:.
293:.
258:,
176:.
156:,
124:.
116:,
104:A
2678::
1854:e
1847:t
1840:v
1801:.
1747:.
1642:.
1604:.
1576:.
1513:.
1480:.
1454:.
1428:.
1348:.
1318:.
1285:.
1248:)
1191:.
83:)
79:(
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
