27:
1033:
957:
273:. This company went bankrupt in both 1636 and 1647, and was eventually dissolved in 1674. Both the Swedish and the Danish company were founded by Dutchmen who tried to evade the West India Company's monopoly and used the company's mismanagement to make a private profit.
211:
negotiating with
Henniqua, a cousin of King of the Fetu about an English trading post. On 28 May 1650 both Sweden and the English signed a treaty with the chief. The English obtained the right to trade for only half a year.
675:
727:
1870:
199:
Caerloff was hired for three years as commander and director at a salary of one hundred guilders and an ounce of gold per month to cover the charges. He was embarking on the
1865:
510:
896:
750:
445:
309:
R. Porter: The Crispe Family and the
African Trade in the seventeenth Century, p. ?. In: Journal of African History. 9, 1, 1968, ISSN 0021-8537
440:
680:
203:
and thence sailed to Africa. He arrived at the Gold Coast on 22 April 1650. Carloff signed a contract for the purchase of land with the chief of
360:
415:
1283:
994:
1860:
1850:
1222:
410:
243:
in 1653. In Sweden
Carloff was promoted to general and knighted on 3 May 1654 under the name Carloffer. It seems he occupied Jumore (
1815:
1855:
1845:
1144:
697:
1687:
1054:
1810:
1551:
1232:
777:
400:
1885:
1880:
1875:
269:
The establishment of both the
Swedish and Danish Africa Company should be seen in the light of the mismanagement of the
255:(1626–1659) took over the post of governor. Annoyed, Carloff left the colony and deserted to Denmark on 27 March 1657.
160:
and his son
Laurens, for whom Sweden had become a second home. The primary interest of the company was the trade on the
1441:
923:
1384:
1344:
599:
353:
1041:
840:
263:
252:
319:
1768:
1614:
1339:
1157:
588:
1825:
987:
485:
835:
692:
687:
395:
157:
55:
1890:
1805:
1712:
1629:
1174:
960:
515:
385:
346:
276:
The
Swedish Africa Company was formally abolished in 1663, after the West India Company paid compensatory
1536:
1501:
1334:
1207:
1197:
772:
657:
430:
1624:
1604:
1404:
1278:
1137:
1111:
1096:
901:
878:
863:
807:
642:
581:
465:
177:
1565:
1329:
1309:
1273:
1008:
980:
918:
913:
830:
755:
652:
619:
614:
604:
490:
259:
172:
In 1648 De Geer's charter on exporting
Swedish copper ended. Along with his son Laurens, and with a
1840:
1835:
1830:
1722:
1717:
1659:
1521:
1431:
1217:
941:
797:
767:
637:
530:
470:
270:
193:
219:
in 1650, Annemabo in 1651 and Orsou in 1652. On his return in
September 1652 Carloff and his ship
1732:
1599:
1456:
1349:
1323:
1314:
455:
450:
208:
1516:
1182:
1101:
908:
868:
782:
1649:
1594:
1526:
1511:
1414:
1389:
1130:
1106:
1004:
873:
762:
495:
1737:
1639:
1531:
1486:
1419:
594:
525:
520:
972:
8:
1820:
1742:
1587:
1446:
1409:
1022:
802:
787:
609:
505:
480:
420:
1697:
1664:
1634:
1609:
1546:
1451:
1436:
1426:
1399:
1297:
1202:
1075:
712:
500:
425:
161:
124:
1654:
1644:
1577:
1368:
1212:
737:
535:
369:
236:
1761:
1692:
1679:
1541:
1506:
1474:
1394:
1319:
1165:
812:
717:
555:
550:
435:
137:
707:
702:
266:
he ordered to sell
Carolusborg to the Dutch if the garrison entered into trouble.
1727:
1619:
1257:
1247:
540:
475:
390:
248:
232:
189:
101:
26:
1784:
1707:
1702:
1669:
1582:
1354:
1237:
1192:
792:
722:
560:
545:
460:
405:
377:
244:
1799:
1775:
1496:
1491:
742:
647:
173:
164:, notably the trade of human beings to be sold into slavery in the Americas.
1227:
251:
was recaptured by the Dutch. In 1656 Carloff was accused of private trade.
204:
153:
1252:
1242:
240:
196:, had offered his help, promoting his good relation with a local chief.
88:
1187:
1059:
1049:
296:
Various
Contributors, 'Racism is no joke' in Michael McEachrane (ed.),
181:
338:
332:
A more successful second Dutch West India Company was founded in 1675.
667:
224:
149:
1122:
888:
629:
277:
112:
80:
227:. His ship was transporting about twenty bags of gold and 6,500
1032:
933:
850:
572:
180:
he founded the Swedish Africa Company, but moved its base from
145:
1153:
822:
228:
216:
185:
116:
84:
298:
Afro-Nordic Landscapes: Equality and Race in Northern Europe
231:. The gold rings, necklaces and bracelets were taken to the
1002:
320:"State Papers, 1653: January | British History Online"
262:
and recaptured Carolusburg from the Swedes. Because of the
200:
120:
148:
trading company, founded in 1649 on the initiative of the
1871:
1663 disestablishments in the Swedish colonial empire
1866:1649 establishments in the Swedish colonial empire
1797:
1138:
988:
354:
192:, a former high-ranking administrator of the
416:Company of Merchant Adventurers to New Lands
1145:
1131:
995:
981:
361:
347:
25:
411:Company of Merchant Adventurers of London
16:Swedish trading company, founded in 1649
773:Imperial Company of Trieste and Antwerp
368:
1798:
235:. Meanwhile, his men started building
209:Company of Merchants Trading to Guinea
1126:
976:
342:
1233:Provisional National Defence Council
778:Imperial Privileged Oriental Company
13:
1223:Armed Forces Revolutionary Council
1152:
924:Royal Greenland Trading Department
14:
1902:
600:Company of One Hundred Associates
1861:1663 disestablishments in Sweden
1851:1663 disestablishments in Africa
1031:
956:
955:
841:Royal Company of the Philippines
589:Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique
253:Johann Philipp von Krusenstjerna
207:. There was a conflict with the
188:. The company was founded after
300:(London: Routledge, 2014) p.140
1816:Swedish colonisation in Africa
728:Pernambuco and ParaĂba Company
698:Grão Pará and Maranhão Company
326:
312:
303:
290:
1:
1856:1649 establishments in Sweden
1846:1649 establishments in Africa
836:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
688:Cacheu and Cape Verde Company
396:British American Land Company
283:
386:African Company of Merchants
247:) and Cabo in 1655. In 1656
142:Svenska Afrikanska Kompaniet
7:
1811:Defunct companies of Sweden
1208:National Liberation Council
638:Brandenburg African Company
431:Eastern Archipelago Company
401:British East Africa Company
10:
1907:
1886:Christina, Queen of Sweden
1876:Economic history of Sweden
1203:First Republic (1960–1966)
1112:Swedish West India Company
1097:Swedish East India Company
879:Swedish West India Company
864:Swedish East India Company
808:Compagnie van De Moucheron
561:Virginia Company of London
466:London and Bristol Company
167:
1755:
1678:
1573:
1564:
1482:
1473:
1380:
1376:
1367:
1305:
1296:
1266:
1173:
1164:
1084:
1068:
1040:
1029:
1015:
950:
932:
919:Danish West India Company
914:Danish East India Company
887:
849:
831:Barcelona Trading Company
821:
736:
666:
628:
571:
511:Royal West Indian Company
491:Providence Island Company
471:Massachusetts Bay Company
376:
223:were seized and taken to
108:
94:
76:
61:
51:
36:
24:
1385:Administrative divisions
1218:Ignatius Kutu Acheampong
942:Russian-American Company
798:Dutch West India Company
768:Dutch East India Company
531:South Australian Company
271:Dutch West India Company
194:Dutch West India Company
582:Compagnie de l'Occident
1881:Ghana–Sweden relations
1102:Swedish Levant Company
1092:Swedish Africa Company
909:Danish Asiatic Company
897:Danish African Company
869:Swedish Levant Company
859:Swedish Africa Company
783:New Netherland Company
751:Australische Compagnie
141:
134:Swedish Africa Company
20:Swedish Africa Company
1826:17th century in Ghana
1107:Swedish South Company
874:Swedish South Company
763:Brabantsche Compagnie
496:Royal African Company
260:Danish Africa Company
178:Christina I of Sweden
1552:Water and sanitation
658:West African Company
595:Company of Habitants
526:Somers Isles Company
521:Sierra Leone Company
516:South Africa Company
486:North Borneo Company
456:Hudson's Bay Company
258:He then founded the
1891:Swedish slave trade
1806:Chartered companies
1630:Illegal immigration
1175:Historical timeline
1085:Chartered companies
1023:Dominions of Sweden
803:Compagnie van Verre
788:Noordsche Compagnie
643:East Africa Company
610:Mississippi Company
506:Royal Niger Company
481:New Zealand Company
421:Company of Scotland
370:Chartered companies
21:
1537:Telecommunications
1076:Swedish Gold Coast
713:Mozambique Company
693:East India Company
653:New Guinea Company
620:West India Company
605:East India Company
501:Royal British Bank
426:East India Company
162:Swedish Gold Coast
19:
1793:
1792:
1751:
1750:
1688:Cultural heritage
1625:Human trafficking
1605:Domestic violence
1560:
1559:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1442:Political parties
1405:Foreign relations
1363:
1362:
1292:
1291:
1120:
1119:
970:
969:
703:Company of Guinea
536:South Sea Company
446:Greenland Company
215:Carloff occupied
130:
129:
100:Laurens De Geer,
1898:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1571:
1570:
1480:
1479:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1303:
1302:
1171:
1170:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1055:Saint Barthélemy
1035:
997:
990:
983:
974:
973:
959:
958:
905:
813:Veerse Compagnie
759:
718:Zambezia Company
684:
556:Plymouth Company
551:Virginia Company
436:Eastland Company
363:
356:
349:
340:
339:
333:
330:
324:
323:
316:
310:
307:
301:
294:
264:Dano-Swedish War
237:Fort Carolusborg
72:
70:
47:
45:
31:Fort Carolusborg
29:
22:
18:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1841:1660s in Africa
1836:1650s in Africa
1831:1640s in Africa
1796:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1747:
1723:Public holidays
1718:National pledge
1713:National anthem
1674:
1660:Street children
1556:
1492:Cedi (currency)
1461:
1432:Law enforcement
1359:
1345:Protected areas
1288:
1262:
1258:Nana Akufo-Addo
1160:
1151:
1121:
1116:
1080:
1064:
1036:
1027:
1011:
1003:Former Swedish
1001:
971:
966:
946:
928:
899:
883:
845:
817:
753:
741:
732:
678:
662:
624:
615:Senegal Company
567:
541:Spanish Company
476:Muscovy Company
391:Barbary Company
372:
367:
337:
336:
331:
327:
318:
317:
313:
308:
304:
295:
291:
286:
280:to the Swedes.
249:Fort Batenstein
233:Tower of London
190:Hendrik Carloff
170:
102:Hendrik Carloff
97:
68:
66:
43:
41:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1904:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1780:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1733:Social conduct
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1684:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1600:Discrimination
1597:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1532:Stock Exchange
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1457:Prime Minister
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1340:National parks
1337:
1332:
1327:
1324:Climate change
1317:
1312:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1238:Jerry Rawlings
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1193:Ashanti Empire
1190:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1000:
999:
992:
985:
977:
968:
967:
965:
964:
951:
948:
947:
945:
944:
938:
936:
930:
929:
927:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
893:
891:
885:
884:
882:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
855:
853:
847:
846:
844:
843:
838:
833:
827:
825:
819:
818:
816:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
793:Ostend Company
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
747:
745:
734:
733:
731:
730:
725:
723:Niassa Company
720:
715:
710:
708:House of India
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
672:
670:
664:
663:
661:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
634:
632:
626:
625:
623:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
585:
577:
575:
569:
568:
566:
565:
564:
563:
558:
548:
546:Venice Company
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
461:Levant Company
458:
453:
451:Guinea Company
448:
443:
441:French Company
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
406:Canada Company
403:
398:
393:
388:
382:
380:
374:
373:
366:
365:
358:
351:
343:
335:
334:
325:
311:
302:
288:
287:
285:
282:
245:Fort Apollonia
239:and conquered
229:elephant teeth
169:
166:
128:
127:
125:African slaves
110:
106:
105:
98:
95:
92:
91:
78:
74:
73:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
38:
34:
33:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1903:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1615:Ethnic groups
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1517:Manufacturing
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1183:Early history
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
998:
993:
991:
986:
984:
979:
978:
975:
963:
962:
953:
952:
949:
943:
940:
939:
937:
935:
931:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
903:
898:
895:
894:
892:
890:
886:
880:
877:
875:
872:
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743:Low Countries
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648:Emden Company
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174:royal charter
165:
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159:
158:Louis De Geer
155:
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107:
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79:
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64:
60:
57:
56:Louis De Geer
54:
50:
39:
35:
28:
23:
1776:Bibliography
1650:Prostitution
1595:Demographics
1497:Central Bank
1415:Human rights
1390:Constitution
1228:Hilla Limann
1091:
954:
858:
587:
580:
328:
314:
305:
297:
292:
275:
268:
257:
220:
214:
198:
171:
133:
131:
77:Headquarters
1738:Video games
1640:Mob justice
1487:Agriculture
1253:John Mahama
1243:John Kufuor
1005:possessions
900: [
754: [
679: [
1821:Cape Coast
1800:Categories
1743:Witchcraft
1588:Cybercrime
1447:Parliament
1410:Government
1248:John Mills
1213:Kofi Busia
1198:Gold Coast
1188:Bono state
1060:Guadeloupe
1050:New Sweden
668:Portuguese
284:References
182:Gothenburg
96:Key people
1698:Festivals
1665:Squatting
1635:Languages
1610:Education
1547:Transport
1452:President
1427:Judiciary
1400:Elections
1335:Mountains
1298:Geography
1279:Political
221:Christina
156:merchant
1785:Category
1655:Religion
1645:Polygamy
1578:Abortion
1437:Military
1369:Politics
1355:Wildlife
1274:Economic
1267:By topic
1158:articles
1042:Americas
1009:colonies
961:Category
738:Austrian
241:Tacorary
225:Plymouth
144:) was a
109:Products
89:Göteborg
1762:Outline
1693:Cuisine
1680:Culture
1566:Society
1542:Tourism
1507:Fishing
1475:Economy
1395:Cabinet
1330:Forests
1320:Climate
1310:Borders
1166:History
934:Russian
851:Swedish
823:Spanish
378:British
278:damages
168:History
150:Walloon
146:Swedish
138:Swedish
113:tobacco
81:Hamburg
67: (
62:Defunct
52:Founder
42: (
37:Founded
1728:Sports
1620:Health
1522:Mining
1502:Energy
1350:Rivers
1315:Cities
1284:Postal
1156:
1069:Africa
1016:Europe
889:Danish
630:German
573:French
1769:Index
1708:Music
1703:Media
1670:Women
1583:Crime
1512:Labor
1154:Ghana
904:]
758:]
683:]
217:Butre
205:Efutu
186:Stade
154:Dutch
117:sugar
85:Stade
1420:LGBT
1007:and
676:List
201:Elbe
132:The
123:and
121:gold
69:1663
65:1663
44:1647
40:1647
1527:Oil
740:and
184:to
176:of
1802::
902:da
756:fr
681:pt
140::
119:,
115:,
87:,
83:,
1326:)
1322:(
1146:e
1139:t
1132:v
996:e
989:t
982:v
362:e
355:t
348:v
322:.
152:-
136:(
104:,
71:)
46:)
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