Swedish Americans - Knowledge

902:'s death reached them. In words which clearly speak of how this notice chilled them to the core, we're told of how their chores came to a halt, how their tools fell from the hands of the men, how these Swedish settlers felt as if their whole faith in life suddenly had been displaced, had collapsed. Their pain was great and gripping. This is a concrete image, taken directly from life. Lincoln, who'd brought the civil war to an end in victory, and thus put an end to slavery, to these people had become a symbol, an ideal, of freedom, of right, of law. And all this was what they valued the most in life. To a significant extent, it was also the pursuit of that ideal that had brought them the long way across the sea to the 1121:, the decline of the family farm, the arrival of nearby discount stores, and the "economic bypass" of the new interstate system wrought economic havoc on this community. By the 1970s Lindsborg residents pulled together a unique combination of musical, artistic, intellectual, and ethnic strengths to reinvent their town. The Sandzén Gallery, Runbeck Mill, Swedish Pavilion, historical museum at Bethany College, and Messiah Festival were among the activities and attractions used to enhance the Swedish image. The Lindsborg plan is representative of growing national interest in ethnic heritage, historic preservation, and small-town nostalgia in the late 20th century. 374: 1009:

iron and steel bosses. Swedes dominated the prohibition movement in the town, but this did not open the door to a wider political stage. The dreams of many individual Swedes came true, but the dream of creating a permanent Swedish community in McKeesport was not realized, since individual Swedes moved on within the United States in pursuit of continued economic success. Swedish Americans formed their own social identity within the U.S. during the period through their memberships of social clubs and their deliberate membership or non-membership in different ethnically based institutions.

1061: 4521: 69: 1706: 1516:. Festivities begin with decorating the horizontal maypole as people gather to affix greenery first, then after thus covering most of the pole, they add various types of flowers until the whole pole is covered. The men then lift it upright while the women follow in a line behind singing as they walk around with the maypole. At the end of the song, the men place the maypole in a hole in the ground raising it to its final position. The celebrations in Sweden often last all day and night with food and alcoholic beverage accompanied with songs and 1691: 2412: 918:, a Swedish-American fraternal organization, was founded to provide ethnic identity and social services such as health insurance and death subsidies, operates numerous social and recreational opportunities, and maintains contact with fellow lodges in Sweden. Johannes and Helga Hoving were its leaders, calling for the maintenance of the Swedish language and culture among Swedish Americans, especially the younger generation. However, they returned to Sweden in 1934 and Vasa itself became Americanized. 2917: 59: 3576: 3122: 1844: 3019: 2602: 2264: 3033: 2096: 2896: 2560: 2497: 2686: 2539: 2159: 2854: 2348: 366: 2707: 3005: 1928: 168: 2949: 2390: 1886: 132: 2791: 3089: 2476: 1865: 114: 1991: 491: 222: 3572: 3061: 2285: 2033: 258: 3075: 3047: 2963: 2875: 2770: 2644: 2581: 2455: 2327: 2201: 2054: 2012: 1907: 240: 150: 2665: 2991: 2812: 2728: 2518: 2306: 2138: 1949: 186: 6269: 1005:, between 1880 and 1920 were permanent settlers rather than temporary migrants. Many ended up comfortably off and a few became prosperous. They judged their success against Swedes in Sweden, not McKeesporters of other nationalities. They had no illusions about American life but they chose to stay and confront difficult living and working conditions rather than move on or return to Sweden where good jobs were scarce and paid much less. 794:. Here, Swedes were drawn to the city's wire and abrasive industries. By the early 20th century numerous churches, organizations, businesses, and benevolent associations had been organized – among them, the Swedish Cemetery Corporation (1885), the Swedish Lutheran Old People's Home (1920), Fairlawn Hospital (1921), and the Scandinavian Athletic Club (1923). These institutions survive today, although some have mainstreamed their names. 2749: 717: 2833: 2434: 2243: 2117: 2623: 2369: 2977: 1970: 204: 6206: 52: 3136: 2222: 2180: 2075: 1682:. Founded in 1963, the conference links a general audience with the world's foremost scholars and researchers in conversations centered on contemporary issues related to the natural and social sciences. It is the first ongoing academic conference in the United States to have the official authorization of the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm, Sweden. 1045:

dumb, clumsy, drank too much and talked with a funny accent. Many also complained about the smell of the Swedes that was considered to smell fishy like herrings. In 1901 Horace Glenn wrote, "Walking behind a string of Swedes is impossible to a person with delicate nose. It's an odor which could only come from generations of unwashed ancestors."

787:, and Founders Day (July 23). It is a Swedish American community that continues to honor traditions of the old country. Gustaf Adolph Lutheran Church was served by a native of Sweden as recently as 1979–1985 (The Rev. Hans Olof Andræ, born 1933 in Vimmerby, Sweden) who was known to occasionally conduct special worship services in Swedish. 4466: 1044:

During the first waves of migration the Swedes were also subjected to certain stereotypes and prejudices. The expression "dumb Swede" was established as they had difficulty learning English. There were entertainment shows which used a character called "John Johnsson" when poking fun at Swedes. He was

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As a highly literate population, their output of print media was even more remarkable, and cultural leadership was exerted by numerous magazine and newspaper editors more so than by churchmen. The Swedish American press was the second largest foreign-language press in the United States (after German

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Many of their children were upwardly socially mobile, and America offered girls in particular greater opportunities than Sweden did. The immigrants greatly valued the religious freedom that America offered, but their political freedoms were heavily circumscribed by McKeesport's "booze interest" and

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helped strengthen ethnicity by drawing on collective memory and religion, mythicizing Swedish and Swedish American history, describing American history, politics, and current events in a matter-of-fact way, publishing Swedish American literature, and presenting articles on science, technology, and

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descent. The history of Swedish Americans dates back to the early colonial times, with notable migration waves occurring in the 19th and early 20th centuries and approximately 1.2 million arriving between 1865–1915. These immigrants settled predominantly in the Midwest, particularly in states like

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Swedish Americans opposed entry into World War I, in which Sweden was neutral. Political pressures during the war encouraged a rapid switch from Swedish to English in church services—the older generation was bilingual by now and the youth could hardly understand the old language. Swedish language

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Swedes, moreover, were among the first founders of America with their New Sweden colony in Delaware. Swedish America was present in Congress under the Articles of Confederation period, and its role was momentous in fighting the war against slavery. As a paragon of freedom and the struggle against

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An increasingly large Swedish American community fostered the growth of an institutional structure—a Swedish-language press, churches and colleges, and ethnic organizations—that placed a premium on sponsoring a sense of Swedishness in the United States. Blanck (2006) argues that after 1890 there

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These students developed an idealized view of Sweden, characterized by romanticism, patriotism, and idealism, just like their counterparts across the Atlantic. The new generation was especially proud of the Swedish contributions to American democracy and the creation of a republic that promised

1114:, is representative. It was founded by Lutheran pietists in 1869 on land purchased from the Kansas Pacific Railroad; the First Swedish Agricultural Company of Chicago spearheaded the colonization. Known today as Little Sweden, Lindsborg is the economic and spiritual center of the Smoky Valley. 861:

In the 1860–1890 era, there was little assimilation into American society. The Swedish Americans attached relatively little significance to the American dimension of their ethnicity; instead they relied on an extant Swedish literature. There was a relatively weak Swedish American institutional

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Numerous local lodges of national Swedish American organizations also flourished and a few remain solvent as of 2008. Within the city's largest historic "Swedish" neighborhood—Quinsigamond Village—street signs read like a map of Sweden: Stockholm Street, Halmstad Street, and Malmo Street among

1029:, which had a population of about roughly 1,000 squatters around 1890 (slightly less in 1900, according to the census carried out that year). Child mortality was high and diphtheria and pertussis common. Many also died in work-related accidents. Drunkenness and wife beatings were also common. 688:

The port of New York, imports of Swedish iron, and the prevalence of Swedish mariners factored in making New York City the principal port of entry for Swedish immigrants. Swedes have been persistent during the long history of New York City, but have never been a major immigrant group in the

708:, became a principal Swedish American city during the peak of Swedish immigration. The Swedish American community in this area often served as a stepping stone for immigrants who settled in the Midwest, especially early communities in Illinois and Minnesota, as well as Massachusetts. 525:

A victim of one of the earliest recorded murders in North America was an immigrant from Sweden. In 1665, in Brooklyn, New York, Barent Jansen Blom, progenitor of the Blom/Bloom family of Brooklyn and the lower Hudson Valley, was stabbed to death by Albert Cornelis Wantenaer.

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As a community, Swedish Americans have contributed to various aspects of American life, including politics, the arts, sciences, and business. They brought with them distinct cultural traditions like unique culinary practices, language, and celebrations such as

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at home, down from 67,655 in 2000, most of whom are recent immigrants. Swedish American communities typically switched to English by 1920. Swedish is rarely taught in high schools or colleges, and Swedish-language newspapers or magazines are rare.

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The Swedish group was, as many other emigrant groups, highly differentiated. There still is a lot of research waiting to be done on the more urban and working-class parts of the Swedish immigrant group, where some ended up in slums like

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After 1940, the Swedish language was rarely taught in high schools or colleges, and Swedish-language newspapers or magazines nearly all closed. A few small towns in the U.S. have retained a few distinctive characteristics. For example

830:, Swedish immigrants "felt a kinship with the natural surroundings and economic opportunities in the Pacific Northwest," and the region experienced a significant influx of Swedish and Scandinavian immigrants between 1890 and 1910. 911:

unfreedom, and as an exemplar of the courage of the Vikings in contrast to the Catholic Columbus, Swedish America could use its culture to stress its position as loyal adherents to the larger Protestant American society.

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Lintelman, Joy Kathleen. " 'More freedom, better pay': Single Swedish immigrant women in the United States, 1880-1920" (PhD dissertation, University of Minnesota; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1991. 9212069).

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Wheeler, Wayne Leland. "An Analysis of Social Change in a Swedish-Immigrant Community: The Case of Lindsborg, Kansas." (PhD dissertation, University of Missouri-Columbia; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1959.

880:(Swedish for 'The Homeland'), the Swedish newspaper in Chicago. Enander argued that the Vikings were instrumental in enabling the "freedom" that spread not only throughout the British Isles, but America as well. 4989:

Tsuchida, Eiko. "Science, technology, and Swedish-American identity: An immigrant acculturation in Chicago, 1890-1935" (PhD dissertation, University of Chicago; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2014. 3615684).

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Erling, Maria Elizabeth. "Crafting an urban piety: New England's Swedish immigrants and their religious culture from 1880 to 1915" (PhD dissertation, Harvard Divinity School; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,

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Schersten, Albert Ferdinand. "The Relation of the Swedish-American Newspaper to the Assimilation of Swedish Immigrants" (PhD dissertation, University of Iowa; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1932. 10764279).

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Olson, Anita Ruth. "Swedish Chicago: The extension and transformation of an urban immigrant community, 1880-1920" (PhD dissertation, Northwestern University; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1990. 9031971).

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brethren, many Swedes sought out the agrarian lifestyle they had left behind in Sweden, as many immigrants settled on farms throughout the Midwest. There are towns scattered throughout the Midwest, such as

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Inc., founded by Ragnar Benson, was at the time one of the 10 largest general contracting firms in the United States. The company became one of Chicago's top builders, and erected many Fortune 500 landmark

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others. Worcester's Swedes were historically staunch Republicans and this political loyalty is behind why Worcester remained a Republican stronghold in an otherwise Democratic state well into the 1950s.

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Brøndal, Jørn. "'The Fairest among the So-Called White Races': Portrayals of Scandinavian Americans in the Filiopietistic and Nativist Literature of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries."

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Lindell, Terrence Jon. "Acculturation among Swedish immigrants in Kansas and Nebraska, 1870-1900" (PhD dissertation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1987. 8810322).

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An early community of Swedish immigrants (1848) became established in northwestern Pennsylvania and western New York stemming from the port of Buffalo connecting the Erie Canal with the Great Lakes.

870:, for example, American-born students began to predominate after 1890. The students mostly had white-collar or professional backgrounds; few were the sons and daughters of farmers and laborers. 1490:(an Easter bush) with twigs cut from a tree, placed in a vase with colored feathers and decorative hanging eggs added. Swedish tradition also found in Swedish American homes has a traditional 4071: 3776: 5092:

Vecoli, Rudolph J. "'Over the Years I Have Encountered the Hazards and Rewards that Await the Historian of Immigration,' George M. Stephenson and the Swedish American Community,"

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Swedish Easter is celebrated around the first week of April, when Easter is celebrated in the United States. Traditionally, Swedes celebrate by dressing up children as little

566:, a Swedish American fraternal organization, was founded to help immigrants, who often lacked an adequate network of social services. Swedish Americans usually came through 3746: 1788:, as well as significant areas of central Texas, including New Sweden and Georgetown, and areas in northern Maine: New Sweden, Stockholm, Jemptland, and Westmanland. 943:

from Illinois. The harsh experiences of the frontier were subjects for novelists and story tellers, Of interest revealing the immigrant experience are the novels of

3809: 6386: 1496:, a large meal that is eaten together by families with foods such as deviled eggs, mashed potatoes, meatballs, pickled herring and other fresh fish like salmon. 1036:

were in high demand in America. Working conditions were far better than in Sweden, in terms of wages, hours of work, benefits, and ability to change positions.

4205: 5488: 4242: 3891:(1991). Eric Johannesson examines the background of 72 writers in "Crofters' Boys and Black Sheep: on the Social Background of Swedish-American Writers." 5354: 3662: 1012:

The story of A. V. Swanson, who in 1911 left Bjuv at age 20 and settled in Ames, Iowa, eight years later is a case study in farming and business success.

5981: 5966: 5720: 4422: 6172: 1512:, often with girls and women wearing flowered head garlands, and gather together to eat, sing traditional songs with bands playing, and dance around a 3930:

Elizabeth Baigent, "'Very Useful to Young Men in the Mills?' Christian Youth Movements and Swedish Migrants in McKeesport, Pennsylvania, 1880–1930," (

4764: 3388: 498:(c. 1638) in New Jersey is one of the oldest surviving houses from the New Sweden colony and is one of the oldest log cabins and houses in the U.S. 749:('my children in the woods'). Upon arrival, they knelt in prayer and gave thanks to God. This area soon expanded and other settlements were named 6447: 3392: 307: 4306: 6452: 4068: 3554: 944: 4548: 4499: 4362: 5391: 678: 4949:

Rooth, Dan-Olof, and Kirk Scott. "Three generations in the New World: labour market outcomes of Swedish Americans in the USA, 1880–2000."

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Barton, H. Arnold. A Folk Divided: Homeland Swedes and Swedish Americans, 1840–1940. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1994

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Swedish Americans can celebrate with various Swedish Heritage societies across the country who try to keep the Swedish traditions alive.

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Bishop Hill, IL; Dedicated to preserving the life of the pioneer Swedish immigrants in America, following spiritual leader, Erik Jansson

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Björk, Ulf Jonas. "The Swedish-American Press as an Immigrant Institution," Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 2000 51(4): 268–282

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In 2020, Minnesota had the most Swedes, both by number (410,091) and by the percent of the state's population they make up (7.3%).

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In the east, New England became a destination for many skilled industrial workers and Swedish centers developed in areas such as

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Barton, H. Arnold. "From Swede to Swedish American, or Vice Versa: The Conversion Motif in the Literature of Swedish America,"

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By the 1930s, assimilation into American life styles was almost complete, with few experiences of hostility or discrimination.

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A Community Transplanted: The Trans-Atlantic Experience of a Swedish Immigrant Settlement in the Upper Middle West, 1835–1915

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Religion, immigrant churches, and community in an industrializing city: Swedish Protestants in Rockford, Illinois, 1854–1925

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Midsummer is celebrated at the summer solstice, recognizing the longest day of the year. Many Swedes dress in traditional

845:, a major hospital also in Seattle. In Oregon, Swedish immigrant populations were concentrated in the rural areas east of 6202: 6024: 5128: 4179: 3801: 3228: 3154: 1622: 1130: 530: 450: 4705:

Ethnic Leadership and Midwestern Politics: Scandinavian Americans and the Progressive Movement in Wisconsin, 1890–1914

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In 2020, 53,697 people reported speaking Swedish in the United States. The top eleven states by Swedish speakers are:

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including parts of the present-day states of Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. New Sweden was incorporated into

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Blanck, Dag. "The Transnational Viking: The Role of the Viking in Sweden, the United States, and Swedish America."

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Gustafson, Anita Olson. "'We hope to be able to do some good': Swedish-American women's organizations in Chicago."

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Several holidays celebrated in Sweden have been brought to the United States by Swedish Americans. These include

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structure before 1890, and Swedish Americans were somewhat insecure in their social-economic status in America.

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Anderson, Philip J., "From Compulsion to Persuasion: Voluntary Religion and the Swedish Immigrant Experience,"

4391: 4292: 3654: 3364: 931:, a magazine based in New York City, helped fashion a distinct Swedish American culture between 1897 and 1909. 898:

of the Midwest to relatives in his home country, tells how they were at work out on the farm, when the news of

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Biltekin, Nevra. "Migrating women and transnational relations: Swedish-American connections since the 1920s."

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Baigent, Elizabeth. "Swedish Immigrants in Mckeesport, Pennsylvania: Did the Great American Dream Come True?"

4414: 522:. However, many Swedish and Finnish colonists remained and were allowed some political and cultural autonomy. 6114: 1426: 6037: 4846:

Lundström, Catrin. "Embodying exoticism: gendered nuances of Swedish hyper-whiteness in the United States."

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American Immigrants and Their Generations: Studies and Commentaries on the Hansen Thesis after Fifty Years

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liberty and destroyed the menace of slavery. A key spokesman was Johan Alfred Enander, longtime editor of

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A few small towns in the U.S. have retained a few visible Swedish characteristics. Some examples include

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South Coast Plaza, South Coast Performing Arts Center, Segerstrom Concert Hall, Segerstrom High School –

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language imprints) in 1910. By 1910 about 1200 Swedish periodicals had been started in several states.

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Chris Susag, "Retaining Modern Nordic-American Identity Amongst Diversity in the United States Today."

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McKnight, Roger. "Those Swedish Madmen Again: The Image of the Swede in Swedish-American Literature."

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Becoming Swedish-American: The Construction of an Ethnic Identity in the Augustana Synod, 1860–1917.

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The community produced numerous writers and journalists, of whom the most famous was poet-historian

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Around 3.9% of the U.S. population is said to have Fennoscandinavian ancestry (which also includes

1547: 1154: 1002: 985: 791: 732: 721: 104: 4491: 6062: 4354: 3261: 1567: 1195: 1068: 458: 5208: 5113:. (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press for the Swedish Pioneer Historical Society, 1975.) 4697: 4598: 4124: 1807:). According to the 2005 American Community Survey, only 56,324 Americans continue to speak the 780: 671: 6135: 5971: 4715: 842: 345: 6055: 4563:

Swedish-American Life in Chicago: Cultural and Urban Aspects of an Immigrant People, 1850–1930

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Varg, Paul A. ed "Report of Count Carl Lewenhaupt on Swedish-Norwegian Immigration in 1870"

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Blanck, Dag. "'Very Welcome Home Mr. Swanson': Swedish Americans Encounter Homeland Swedes."

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The Creation of an Ethnic Identity: Being Swedish American in the Augustana Synod, 1860–1917,

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Easter with egg hunts and candy for the little ones to find. Swedish Americans often include

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The Creation of an Ethnic Identity: Being Swedish American in the Augustana Synod, 1860–1917

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along with Finnish and Norwegian settlers who worked in the timber and fishing industries.

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Schnell, Steven M. "Creating Narratives of Place and Identity in 'Little Sweden, U.S.A.'"

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1979, 30#1 pp 5–24. Swedish diplomat provides a wealth of factual detail on immigrants.

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Geo: Olson och Hanson bodde på soptippen – svenskarna sågs som korkade och smutsiga i USA

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Swedish America, 1914-1932. Studies in ethnicity with emphasis on Illinois and Minnesota

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Present day reminders of the history of New Sweden are reflected in the presence of the

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Swedes in America: Intercultural and Interethnic Perspectives on Contemporary Research.

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The Hedstroms and the Bethel Ship Saga: Methodist Influence on Swedish Religious Life.

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Anne Charlotte Harvey, "Yon Yonson: The Original Dumb Swede—but Perhaps Not So Dumb."

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newspapers lost circulation. Most communities typically switched to English by 1920.

807: 776: 740: 667: 422: 337: 5669: 3739:"'Swedish Immigrants, Oregon Lives' presentation at Cedar Mill, Beaverton libraries" 3484: 3312:

Köhlin, Harald (1948). "First Maps of Delaware, a Swedish Colony in North America".

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Baigent (2000) explores the dynamics of economic and cultural assimilation and the "

743:. 51 Swedish settlers came to the wooded area, led by W. W. Thomas, who called them 369:

The language spread of Swedish in the United States according to U. S. Census 2000.

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From Sweden to America: migrant selection in the transatlantic migration, 1890–1910

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Scandinavian American Cultural and Historical Foundation (SACHF), Thousand Oaks, CA

883: 846: 834: 750: 630: 393: 349: 289: 278: 39: 849:, and a significant Swedish community was also established in the coastal city of 720:

The passport of Hilmer Emmanuel Salomonsson, 1921 From Guldsmedshyttan, Sweden to

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If We Could Only Come to America... A Story of Swedish Immigrants in the Midwest.

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Pole Raising and Speech Making: Modalities of Swedish American Summer Celebration

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The affiliated membership of a church is much larger than the formal membership.

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Berger, Vilhelm (1918). . New York, New York: W.J. Adams & Co. pp. 3–10

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For Sale: Minnesota. Organized Promotion of Scandinavian Immigration, 1866–1873

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Swedish Neighborhoods of the Twin Cities – from Swede Hollow to Arlington Hills

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Civil War Settlers: Scandinavians, Citizenship, and American Empire, 1848-1870

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History of the Scandinavians and Successful Scandinavians in the United States

4878: 4355:""Very Welcome Home Mr. Swanson": Swedish Americans Encounter Homeland Swedes" 3325: 1534:

is awarded through Vasa Order of America District Lodges 19 and 20 in Sweden.

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Gunnar Thander, "Cultural Components in Valkyrian's Construct of Ethnicity."

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Björk, Ulf Jonas. "The Swedish-American Press as an Immigrant Institution,"

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Barton, H. Arnold. "Cultural interplay between Sweden and Swedish America"

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Graves of Swedish American pioneer siblings Niels Truhlsen (grandfather of

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Scandinavian Foodie; Recipes, Restaurants – post yours & share stories

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Scandinavian American Cultural and Historic Foundation – Thousand Oaks, CA

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edited by Thomas Riggs, (3rd ed., vol. 4, Gale, 2014), pp. 305–318.

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An old emigrant letter, written in the summer of 1865 by a farmer in the

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Swedes in the Twin Cities: Immigrant Life and Minnesota's Urban Frontier

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Swedes in the Twin Cities: Immigrant Life and Minnesota's Urban Frontier

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Transatlantic Connections: Nordic Migration to the New World After 1800

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Swedish-American Borderlands: New Histories of Transatlantic Relations

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from the original on December 7, 2021 – via www.diva-portal.org.

3499:"The Causes of Swedish Immigration and Settlement Patterns in America" 3425: 1055: 716: 490: 365: 6032: 5369: 5203: 5118:

I Go to America: Swedish American Women and the Life of Mina Anderson

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I Go to America: Swedish American Women and the Life of Mina Anderson

3094: 2796: 2481: 1996: 1870: 1629: 1552: 1543: 1440: 1430: 1392: 876: 762: 626: 622: 606: 438: 414: 406: 317: 227: 119: 5305: 5283: 5246: 5030:

Barton, H. Arnold. "Emigrants Versus Immigrants: Contrasting Views"

4387: 1067:

at rehearsals with her young dance group for appearance in the 1960

609:, the capital of Sweden. By then, Swedes in Chicago had founded the 6090: 5908: 5620: 5294:

Swenson Swedish Immigration Research Center – Augustana College, IL

5022:

Up in the Rocky Mountains: Writing the Swedish Immigrant Experience

4975:

Literature and the Immigrant Community: The Case of Arthur Landfors

3432: 3080: 3066: 3052: 2880: 2775: 2649: 2586: 2460: 2332: 2290: 2206: 2038: 2017: 1912: 1603: 1476:) and their then going door to door asking for candy, similarly to 654: 646: 638: 410: 263: 245: 155: 5315: 5268: 5218:

Swedish American Central Association of Southern California (SACA)

5082:(Northfield, Minn., Norwegian American Historic Association. 1993) 4443:

Benson and Hedin, (1938) p. 150, based on U.S. Census of Religion.

3457: 562:

had reached new heights in 1896, and it was in this year that the

5327: 5241: 4754:

Swedish Chicago: The Shaping of an Immigrant Community, 1880–1920

4606:

A Folk Divided: Homeland Swedes and Swedish-Americans, 1840–1940.

4415:"LIKE FATHER, LIKE SON: RAY BENSON LIGHTENS HIS WALLET GIVING TO" 4284: 2996: 2817: 2733: 2670: 2523: 2311: 2143: 1954: 1616: 1513: 1422: 866:

emerged a self-confident Americanized generation. At prestigious

838: 674:, that to this day continue to celebrate their Swedish heritage. 602: 587: 571: 191: 5193: 3487:. Minneapolis, Minn., K. C. Holter – via Internet Archive. 6355: 6205: 5915: 3291:(in Swedish). Books on Demand. pp. 25, 43, 114, 116, 143. 2838: 2754: 2439: 2248: 2122: 1717: 1713: 1412: 823: 736: 650: 426: 401: 51: 5161: 4819:

Lindquist, Emory. "The Swedish Immigrant and Life in Kansas,"

5430: 5236: 5222:

SACC New York – Swedish-American Chamber of Commerce New York

3257: 2982: 2628: 2374: 1975: 888:

Vår svenska stam på utländsk mark i västerled, USA och Kanada

815: 690: 441:. These traditions are preserved by institutions such as the 209: 5332: 5111:

Letters from the Promised Land: Swedes in America, 1840–1914

4556:

Ireland, Sweden, and the Great European Migration, 1815–1914

4549:

Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Church § Further reading

3906:

The American Moberg: Lillian Budd's Swedish American Trilogy

605:

was the city with the second highest number of Swedes after

4011:

Towards a Global History of Domestic and Caregiving Workers

2227: 2185: 2080: 1444: 1186:

Swedish American Chamber of Commerce (SACC), Washington, DC

1124: 1033: 967:

about a group of Swedish-American emigrants, starting with

642: 3600:

Swedish passenger arrivals in the United States, 1820-1850

5321: 5226: 5221: 5055:

Växjö, Sweden: Emigrant-Inst. Väers Förlag, 1993. 224 pp.

4720:

Dribe, Martin; Eriksson, Björn; Helgertz, Jonas (2022). "

4620:

The Old Country and the New: Essays on Swedes and America

4492:"American Community Survey 2016–2020 5-Year Data Release" 3947:

Carbondale, University of Southern Illinois Press, 1987.

5273: 5256: 5213: 4323: 4007: 5299: 5044:

Beijbom, Ulf. "The Historiography of Swedish America"

4899:

The Swedes and the Swedish Settlements in North America

4230:

Det ska vi fira : Svenska traditioner och högtider

4115:

Steven M. Schnell, "The Making of Little Sweden, USA" (

518:

in 1655, and ceased to be an official territory of the

4700:

On the 250,000 who went to USA but returned to Sweden.

3354: 1480:

in the U.S. More recently Swedes celebrate a typical

1182:

Swedish-American Chamber of Commerce (SACC), New York

833:

Notable influence can be felt in the neighborhood of

5338:

American Scandinavian Foundation – Santa Barbara, CA

5337: 3945:

An American from Sweden: The Story of A. V. Swanson.

3117: 1231: 5360:

Vasa Order of America (friends of) Swedish-American

5350:

VASA Global.com – Intl. Chamber of Commerce Support

5251: 5157:

Concordia Language Villages – Swedish Language Camp

4382: 4380: 4202:"Svenska och amerikanska påsktraditioner – Q&A" 3525:. Christian T. Collins Winn. Cambridge, U.K. 2012. 1537: 1056:

Preserving Swedish cultural heritage (1940–present)

5227:Swedish American Heritage Society of West Michigan 4958:From Sweden to America: A History of the Migration 4798:The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware, 1638–1664 4763:Wisconsin State Historical Society (2nd ed 2013). 4137:"A quick guide to Swedish holidays and traditions" 4090:(Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2001), p. 17 3831: 3829: 3827: 1595:Formal church membership in 1936 was reported as: 1570:firearms; uses Swedish iconography in their logos. 1333: 6394: 5182: 5139: 1201:Swedish Council of America (SCA), Minneapolis, MN 739:. A small Swedish settlement was also started in 502:The first Swedish Americans were the settlers of 6429: 4787:(1931; reprinted 1970), Push factors in Sweden. 4785:The background of Swedish immigration, 1840–1930 4377: 4235:Let's celebrate: Swedish traditions and holidays 3987:. Minnesota Historical Society. pp. 57–58. 3980: 3696:. Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. 1643:Swedish Seaman's Church – located in many states 810:during the turn of the 20th century, along with 5316:Wayfarers Chapel, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275 5262: 5024:(2007), studies letters written back to Sweden 5005:We Who Built America: The Saga of the Immigrant 3824: 1525: 578:and belonged to synods now associated with the 5279:Heritage Park of North Iowa in Forest City, IA 5252:Swedish Women's Educational Association (SWEA) 4982:Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups 4486: 4484: 4359:Nordic Association for American Studies (NAAS) 3850:The Last Chieftains: Johannes and Helga Hoving 1172:Scandinavian Heritage Foundation, Portland, OR 701:in Brooklyn developed beginning in the 1850s. 613:and established such enduring institutions as 6380: 6188: 5385: 5333:Scandinavian Cultural Center – Santa Cruz, CA 5284:Swedish American Museum Center in Chicago, IL 4111: 4109: 3280: 1815: 1712:, Minnesota has the largest concentration of 1647: 1517: 1500: 1491: 1485: 1467: 1458: 1434: 1416: 1406: 1396: 1382: 1372: 1362: 1352: 744: 31: 5080:Nordics in America: The Future of Their Past 4968:The Religious Aspects of Swedish Immigration 4749:(2008) 59#4 pp 178–201; covers 1840 to 1950. 4568:Anderson Philip J. and Blanck Dag, editors. 4227:Tidholm, Po; Lilja, Agneta (June 29, 2004). 4226: 3483:Evjen, John O. (John Oluf) (June 29, 1916). 3387:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1346: 689:metropolitan region. The place name for the 683: 679:Swedish Farmsteads of Porter County, Indiana 5289:Swedish American Museum in Swedesburg, Iowa 5162:Nordstjernan – Swedish Newspaper in America 5007:(1939), 552pp good older history pp 260–77 4756:(Northern Illinois University Press, 2018). 4737:Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, 4735:Granquist, Mark A. "Swedish Americans." in 4481: 3802:"Nordic Influence in the Pacific Northwest" 3450: 1674:is an academic conference held annually at 6387: 6373: 6195: 6181: 5392: 5378: 4977:(Southern Illinois University Press, 1990) 4172:"Swedish Heritage Society | Facebook" 4106: 3553:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3391:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 790:The largest settlement in New England was 67: 5311:Svensk Hyllningsfest in Lindsborg, Kansas 5060:Journal of Transnational American Studies 4632:Benson, Adolph B. and Naboth Hedin, eds. 4561:Anderson, Philip J. and Dag Blanck, eds. 4086:Philip J. Anderson and Dag Blanck, eds., 3287:Demitz, Jacob Truedson (March 26, 2021). 2408: 1662:was the official state church of Sweden. 992: 5247:Swedish Historic Society of Rockford, IL 5209:Multi-cultural America Swedish Americans 4514: 1704: 1689: 1125:Organizations preserving Swedish culture 1059: 715: 489: 372: 364: 82:3,322,477 (1.0%) alone or in combination 4412: 3591: 1222:Vasa National Archives, Bishop Hill, IL 1211:Swedish Women's Educational Association 1015: 761:, in honor of their Swedish heritage. ( 560:Swedish emigration to the United States 555:Swedish emigration to the United States 475:Swedish emigration to the United States 6448:European diaspora in the United States 6430: 5399: 5322:Scandinavian centers and organizations 5072:. (University of Illinois Press, 1990) 4425:from the original on December 25, 2019 4334:from the original on December 25, 2019 3796: 3794: 3719:from the original on December 18, 2022 3700: 3665:from the original on December 18, 2022 3646: 3612: 3606: 3597: 3311: 3286: 3250: 3172:, reality show about Swedish Americans 3155:Languages of the United States#Swedish 580:Evangelical Lutheran Church in America 570:and subsequently settled in the upper 433:at the turn of the twentieth century. 6453:Swedish diaspora in the United States 6368: 6176: 5373: 5150:, video, 17:17, c. 1942, narrated by 5125:Swedish Pioneer Historical Quarterly. 5094:Swedish American Historical Quarterly 5046:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 5039:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 5032:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 4930:Southwestern Social Science Quarterly 4928:Pihlblad, C. T. "The Kansas Swedes," 4747:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 4707:(University of Illinois Press, 2004). 4685:Blanck, Dag, and Adam Hjorthén, eds. 4658:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 4586:(University Press of Colorado, 2015). 4577:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 4469:from the original on January 18, 2012 4388:"Members – Horatio Alger Association" 4263: 4208:from the original on December 7, 2021 4143:from the original on December 7, 2021 4101:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 4056:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 3910:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 3893:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 3876:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 3854:Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 3683: 3602:. Stockholm: Schmidts Boktryckeri AB. 3482: 3268:from the original on October 13, 2022 3181:Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Church 693:has its origins in the early settler 584:Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Church 5300:Festivals, music, points of interest 5214:New Sweden Cultural Heritage Society 4951:Scandinavian Economic History Review 3202:The American-Scandinavian Foundation 1606:) – 1,203 churches – 254,677 members 1217:The American-Scandinavian Foundation 1001:" in one small city. Most Swedes in 486:Swedish colonization of the Americas 98:Regions with significant populations 16:American of Swedish birth or descent 6211:Swedes abroad and their descendants 4771:Perspectives on Swedish Immigration 4726:European Review of Economic History 4502:from the original on March 24, 2022 4394:from the original on April 19, 2022 4365:from the original on August 3, 2020 4352: 4245:from the original on April 27, 2023 4061: 3791: 3761: 3579:from the original on March 24, 2016 3522:The pietist impulse in Christianity 3433:"Connecting Cultures and Community" 3209:, neighborhood of St Paul Minnesota 3106:For a more comprehensive list, see 2937: 1665: 890:, Stockholm 1952 (pages 428-429): 590:; politically they often supported 13: 6438:American people of Swedish descent 5269:American Swedish Historical Museum 5189:Embassy of Sweden, Washington D.C. 5100: 4953:60.1 (2012): 31–49; on occupations 4925:. (University of Wisconsin Press). 4911:Norman, Hans, and Harald Runblom. 4712:Journal of American Ethnic History 4542: 4413:Nichols, Mike (November 5, 1989). 4271:[In happiness and sorrow] 3971:, Minnesota Historical Press 2001. 3932:Journal of American Ethnic History 3779:from the original on June 11, 2016 3437:American Swedish Historical Museum 3399: 3229:American Swedish Historical Museum 1131:American Swedish Historical Museum 531:American Swedish Historical Museum 451:American Swedish Historical Museum 381:) and Anna Truedsdotter Hansen in 14: 6464: 5232:Swedish-American Historic Society 5204:ISwede – New York and Los Angeles 5134: 5068:Kvisto, P., and D. Blanck, eds. 5014: 4956:Runblom, Harald and Hans Norman. 4182:from the original on May 23, 2021 4008:Dirk Hoerder et al. eds. (2015). 3934:, Winter 2010, Vol. 29#2 pp 5–41) 3812:from the original on May 19, 2017 3775:. The Oregon Historical Society. 3749:from the original on May 25, 2017 3706: 3652: 3359:. Stockholm: Läromedelsförlaget. 3150:Nordic and Scandinavian Americans 3101: 1696:distribution of Swedish Americans 1232:Cities preserving Swedish culture 461:, and the Gammelgården Museum in 419:Nordic and Scandinavian Americans 6267: 6204: 5274:American Swedish Institute (ASI) 5242:Swedish Council of America (SCA) 4868:Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples 4253:– via www.diva-portal.org. 3176:Sweden – United States relations 3134: 3120: 3087: 3073: 3059: 3045: 3031: 3017: 3003: 2989: 2975: 2961: 2947: 2915: 2894: 2873: 2852: 2831: 2810: 2789: 2768: 2747: 2726: 2705: 2684: 2663: 2642: 2621: 2600: 2579: 2558: 2537: 2516: 2495: 2474: 2453: 2432: 2410: 2388: 2367: 2346: 2325: 2304: 2283: 2262: 2241: 2220: 2199: 2178: 2157: 2136: 2115: 2094: 2073: 2052: 2031: 2010: 1989: 1968: 1947: 1926: 1905: 1884: 1863: 1842: 1646:Church of Sweden, Los Angeles – 1538:Swedish-American business owners 765:is the capital of Sweden, while 510:in 1638. It centered around the 256: 238: 220: 202: 184: 166: 148: 130: 112: 57: 50: 5343: 5167:Svenska kyrkan Church of Sweden 4960:(Uppsala and Minneapolis, 1976) 4877:(Michigan State U Press, 2012) 4694:American Studies in Scandinavia 4648:Scandinavian Journal of History 4591:Journal of Historical Geography 4463:"Data Center Results – Compare" 4455: 4446: 4437: 4406: 4346: 4316: 4257: 4220: 4194: 4164: 4155: 4129: 4093: 4080: 4048: 4001: 3974: 3957: 3937: 3924: 3915: 3898: 3881: 3868: 3859: 3842: 3731: 3677: 3565: 3513: 3355:Lindmark, Sture, 1936– (1971). 1685: 1632:– 175 churches – 19,441 members 1619:– 300 churches – 36,820 members 1612:– 441 churches – 45,000 members 1334:Cities built with Swedish labor 936:industry in the United States. 856: 826:. According to research by the 421:. Populations also grew in the 5183:Organizations and associations 5140:Media, publications, education 4636:(Yale University Press. 1938) 3491: 3476: 3348: 3305: 1625:– 150 churches – 9,000 members 1039: 711: 1: 5452:German Mennonites from Russia 4689:(U of Minnesota Press, 2021). 4465:. Mla.org. January 18, 2010. 4452:New Sweden Historical Society 3598:Olsson, Nils William (1995). 3244: 921: 806:Many Swedes also came to the 801: 777:The town of New Sweden, Maine 92:2021 estimates, self-reported 5263:Museums and research centers 5177:Swedish American of the Year 5020:Attebery, Jennifer Eastman. 4634:Swedes in America, 1638–1938 4582:Attebery, Jennifer Eastman. 3967:, in Anderson & Blanck: 3686:"The Swedes of Pennsylvania" 3655:"Jamestown as a Destination" 3225:– Swedish-American Newspaper 3196:Swedish American of the Year 1532:Swedish American of the Year 1526:Swedish American of the Year 1499: 1342:Scotia, CA – Humboldt County 1071:of Geneva, Illinois, with a 545:in Essington, Pennsylvania. 468: 87:768,809 (0.2%) Swedish alone 7: 5257:Vasa Order Of America (VOA) 4821:Kansas Historical Quarterly 4808:Swedish heritage in America 3690:The Peoples of Pennsylvania 3113: 1590: 1143:Concordia Language Villages 625:in particular, followed by 611:Evangelical Covenant Church 586:. Theologically, they were 479: 417:, in similarity with other 10: 6469: 6049:Alabama Creoles and Cajuns 4908:(Sunflower U. Press, 2004) 4802:"%29&sort=-date online 4546: 3889:Carl Sandburg: A Biography 3773:The Oregon History Project 3769:"Scandinavian Immigration" 3684:Hulan, Richard H. (1994). 3411:American Swedish Institute 3239:American Swedish Institute 3105: 1816:Swedish Americans by state 1722:American Swedish Institute 1720:. The city is home to the 1427:International Workers' Day 1198:Andersonville, Chicago, IL 1137:American Swedish Institute 676: 552: 548: 506:: a colony established by 483: 472: 443:American Swedish Institute 6403: 6348: 6327: 6276: 6265: 6217: 6107: 6025:White Hispanic and Latino 6004: 5856: 5778: 5683: 5592: 5521: 5407: 5199:International Expats Club 4980:Thernstrom, Stephan, ed. 3981:Joy K. Lintelman (2009). 3969:Swedes in the Twin Cities 3326:10.1080/03085694808591907 3234:List of Swedish Americans 3218:Swedes in Omaha, Nebraska 3108:List of Swedish Americans 1676:Gustavus Adolphus College 1347:Swedish American holidays 1205:Swedish Covenant Hospital 1190:Swedish American Hospital 1149:Gustavus Adolphus College 841:, Washington, and by the 828:Oregon Historical Society 684:New York and Pennsylvania 621:. Many others settled in 615:Swedish Covenant Hospital 537:in Wilmington, Delaware, 535:Fort Christina State Park 508:Queen Christina of Sweden 496:C. A. Nothnagle Log House 328: 323: 300: 295: 277: 272: 254: 236: 218: 200: 182: 164: 146: 128: 110: 102: 97: 80: 75: 66: 48: 29: 5972:Scots-Irish/Ulster Scots 5237:Swedish Colonial Society 5096:51 (April 2000): 130–49. 4783:Janson, Florence Edith. 4752:Gustafson, Anita Olson. 4554:Akenson, Donald Harman. 4361:. 48:2 (2016): 107–121. 4074:August 22, 2016, at the 1835:Percent Swedish American 1623:Swedish Evangelical Free 1568:O.F. Mossberg & Sons 1548:Charles Rudolph Walgreen 1003:McKeesport, Pennsylvania 947:(1897–1989), especially 792:Worcester, Massachusetts 773:are Swedish provinces.) 733:Providence, Rhode Island 722:Worcester, Massachusetts 105:Midwestern United States 5087:The Geographical Review 4921:Ostergren, R. C. 1988. 3262:University of Minnesota 1457: 1196:Swedish American Museum 1145:(Swedish Language Camp) 959:(1959). Swedish author 459:Swedish American Museum 5116:Lintelman, Joy K. ed. 4966:Stephenson, George M. 4935:Rasmussen, Anders Bo. 4866:Magocsi, Paul Robert. 4860:56.2 (1984): 114–139. 4850:89.2 (2017): 179–199. 4776:Hillary, Michael Lee. 4696:48.2 (2016): 107–121. 4117:Great Plains Quarterly 3407:"Mission & Values" 3198:– annual award program 1725: 1702: 1648: 1518: 1501: 1492: 1486: 1468: 1459: 1435: 1417: 1407: 1397: 1383: 1373: 1363: 1353: 1076: 993:Socioeconomic mobility 965:a series of four books 908: 843:Swedish Medical Center 745: 724: 499: 397: 386: 370: 346:Scandinavian Americans 103:Most prevalent in the 32: 4932:1932. 13#1 pp 34–47). 4823:(1963) 29#1 pp: 1–24 4593:2000 26(2): 239–272. 4547:Further information: 4014:. BRILL. p. 78. 3943:Cain, Betty Swanson. 3745:. November 14, 2013. 3707:Jones, John Everett. 3653:Jones, John Everett. 3557:) CS1 maint: others ( 3503:www.kindredtrails.com 1770:Bishop Hill, Illinois 1766:Kingsburg, California 1708: 1693: 1226:Vasa Order of America 1164:North Park University 1106:Bishop Hill, Illinois 1102:Kingsburg, California 1063: 916:Vasa Order of America 892: 719: 619:North Park University 564:Vasa Order of America 493: 376: 368: 324:Related ethnic groups 5662:Norwegian Minnesotan 5172:Swedenborgian Church 5041:(1992) 43#1 pp 5–18. 4901:2 vols. (Lund, 1943) 4887:(2 vol 1904); 886pp 4858:Scandinavian Studies 4848:Scandinavian Studies 4761:Swedes in Wisconsin. 4613:Scandinavian Studies 4604:Barton, H. Arnold. 4579:, 66#1 (2015), 3–23. 4353:Dag, Blanck (2016). 4277:Fataburen (Yearbook) 4139:. October 30, 2019. 3912:2003 54(2): 111–132) 3895:1992 43(3): 170–178. 3856:. 1997 48(1): 5–25.) 3164:, a documentary film 3128:United States portal 2923:District of Columbia 1754:Gothenburg, Nebraska 1738:Lindstrom, Minnesota 1734:Cambridge, Minnesota 1680:St. Peter, Minnesota 1094:Gothenburg, Nebraska 1086:Lindstrom, Minnesota 1016:Working-class Swedes 672:Lindström, Minnesota 539:Governor Printz Park 400:) are Americans of 6018:Non-Hispanic whites 5365:Swedish Expats Club 5051:Beijbom, Ulf, ed. 5034:(2001) 52#1 pp 3–13 4904:Nelson, Robert J. 4800:(2 vol. 1911–1927) 4714:33.3 (2014): 5–36. 4660:2000 51(4): 268–282 4618:Barton, H. Arnold. 4615:70:1 (1998): 26–38. 4526:Explore Census Data 4269:"I glädje och sorg" 3509:on January 1, 2006. 3462:Gammelgården Museum 1805:Icelandic Americans 1793:Norwegian Americans 1774:Jamestown, New York 1742:Karlstad, Minnesota 1730:Silverhill, Alabama 1090:Karlstad, Minnesota 1082:Silverhill, Alabama 1069:Swedish Days Parade 1027:St. Paul, Minnesota 886:in ending the book 729:Jamestown, New York 706:Jamestown, New York 379:Stanley M. Truhlsen 358:Icelandic Americans 354:Norwegian Americans 342:Swedish Australians 26: 6043:French Louisianian 5445:Pennsylvania Dutch 5401:European Americans 5048:31 (1980): 257–85) 4996:Whyman, Henry C. 4945:online book review 4875:Swedes in Michigan 4870:(1999), pp 1218–33 4759:Hale, Frederick. 4498:. March 17, 2022. 4419:chicagotribune.com 4239:Svenska institutet 4204:. April 16, 2019. 4119:2002 22(1): 3–21) 4040:has generic name ( 3878:2001 52(1): 27–64. 3848:H. Arnold Barton, 3806:Museum of the City 3464:. November 5, 2023 1746:Scandia, Minnesota 1726: 1703: 1447:Eve and Day), and 1369:Saint Canute's Day 1176:Svenska Sällskapet 1133:, Philadelphia, PA 1077: 1065:Birgit Ridderstedt 746:mina barn i skogen 725: 659:Norwegian American 601:In the year 1900, 592:progressive causes 500: 463:Scandia, Minnesota 387: 371: 24: 6425: 6424: 6396:Swedish Americans 6362: 6361: 6170: 6169: 6161: 6154: 6147: 6141:White Southerners 6130: 6123: 6098: 6093: 6077: 6070: 6065: 6058: 6051: 6027: 6020: 5990: 5951: 5932: 5925: 5918: 5911: 5897: 5759: 5664: 5657: 5655:Norwegian Dakotan 5623: 5497: 5468: 5466:Hungarian Ohioans 5454: 5447: 5440: 5433: 5147:Swedes in America 5107:Barton, H. Arnold 5089:, (2003) Vol. 93, 4873:Mead, Rebecca J. 4839:Ljungmark, Lars. 4832:Ljungmark, Lars. 4680:978-0-8093-2715-7 4642:978-0-8383-0326-9 4628:978-0-8093-2714-0 4103:2002 53(1): 6–29. 3532:978-0-227-90140-3 3413:. October 5, 2021 3298:978-91-633-1485-8 3213:Swedes in Chicago 3191:Swedish Canadians 3161:Swedes in America 2934: 2933: 1831:Swedish Americans 1801:Finnish Americans 1786:Westby, Wisconsin 1762:Andover, Illinois 1758:Oakland, Nebraska 1750:Lindsborg, Kansas 1698:according to the 1557:John W. Nordstrom 1178:, Minneapolis, MN 1139:, Minneapolis, MN 1112:Lindsborg, Kansas 1098:Andover, Illinois 953:Land of Strangers 900:President Lincoln 868:Augustana College 808:Pacific Northwest 741:New Sweden, Maine 668:Lindsborg, Kansas 533:in Philadelphia, 425:in the states of 423:Pacific Northwest 390:Swedish Americans 363: 362: 338:Swedish Canadians 311: 287: 25:Swedish Americans 6460: 6443:Swedish diaspora 6389: 6382: 6375: 6366: 6365: 6271: 6209: 6208: 6197: 6190: 6183: 6174: 6173: 6157: 6150: 6145: 6126: 6119: 6096: 6089: 6075:Creoles of color 6073: 6068: 6063:Louisiana Creole 6061: 6054: 6047: 6023: 6016: 5986: 5947: 5928: 5921: 5914: 5907: 5893: 5755: 5684:Southeast Europe 5660: 5653: 5619: 5493: 5464: 5450: 5443: 5436: 5429: 5394: 5387: 5380: 5371: 5370: 5129:online free copy 4889:online full text 4806:Kastrup, Allan. 4794:Johnson, Amandus 4769:Hasselmo, Nils. 4537: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4518: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4488: 4479: 4478: 4476: 4474: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4444: 4441: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4410: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4384: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4339: 4320: 4314: 4313: 4311: 4274: 4261: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4224: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4213: 4198: 4192: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4176:www.facebook.com 4168: 4162: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4133: 4127: 4113: 4104: 4097: 4091: 4084: 4078: 4065: 4059: 4052: 4046: 4045: 4039: 4035: 4033: 4025: 4005: 3999: 3998: 3978: 3972: 3963:David Lanegran: 3961: 3955: 3941: 3935: 3928: 3922: 3919: 3913: 3902: 3896: 3887:Penelope Niven, 3885: 3879: 3872: 3866: 3863: 3857: 3846: 3840: 3833: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3798: 3789: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3765: 3759: 3758: 3756: 3754: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3713:Jamestown Swedes 3704: 3698: 3697: 3681: 3675: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3659:Jamestown Swedes 3650: 3644: 3643: 3637: 3632: 3630: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3595: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3569: 3563: 3562: 3552: 3544: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3505:. 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Benson 748: 582:, including the 398:Svenskamerikaner 350:Danish Americans 305: 281: 279:American English 262: 260: 259: 244: 242: 241: 226: 224: 223: 208: 206: 205: 190: 188: 187: 172: 170: 169: 154: 152: 151: 136: 134: 133: 118: 116: 115: 93: 76:Total population 71: 62: 61: 55: 54: 43: 35: 33:Svenskamerikaner 27: 23: 6468: 6467: 6463: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6458: 6457: 6428: 6427: 6426: 6421: 6399: 6393: 6363: 6358: 6352:Nordic diaspora 6344: 6323: 6272: 6263: 6213: 6203: 6201: 6171: 6166: 6103: 6085:French Canadian 6012:White Americans 6005:Other Europeans 6000: 5949:Irish Traveller 5852: 5779:Southern Europe 5774: 5679: 5593:Northern Europe 5588: 5517: 5479:Liechtensteiner 5403: 5398: 5346: 5324: 5302: 5265: 5194:House of Sweden 5185: 5142: 5137: 5103: 5101:Primary sources 5017: 5000:(1992). 183 pp. 4973:Swanson, Alan. 4897:Nelson, Helge. 4834:Swedish Exodus. 4732:1996. 9631172). 4703:Brøndal, Jørn. 4667:(Uppsala, 1997) 4551: 4545: 4543:Further reading 4540: 4530: 4528: 4520: 4519: 4515: 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5457: 5456: 5455: 5448: 5441: 5434: 5422: 5417: 5411: 5409: 5408:Central Europe 5405: 5404: 5397: 5396: 5389: 5382: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5345: 5342: 5341: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5323: 5320: 5319: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5301: 5298: 5297: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5216: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5184: 5181: 5180: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5152:Ingrid Bergman 5141: 5138: 5136: 5135:External links 5133: 5132: 5131: 5121: 5114: 5102: 5099: 5098: 5097: 5090: 5083: 5076:Lovoll, Odd S. 5073: 5066: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5035: 5028: 5016: 5015:Historiography 5013: 5012: 5011: 5003:Wittke, Carl. 5001: 4994: 4990: 4987: 4978: 4971: 4964: 4961: 4954: 4947: 4933: 4926: 4919: 4916: 4909: 4902: 4895: 4883:Nelson, O. N. 4881: 4871: 4864: 4854: 4844: 4837: 4830: 4827: 4817: 4814: 4804: 4791: 4781: 4774: 4767: 4757: 4750: 4743: 4733: 4729: 4718: 4708: 4701: 4690: 4683: 4674:(2007) 256 pp 4668: 4663:Blanck, Dag. 4661: 4654: 4650:(2021): 1–19. 4644: 4630: 4616: 4609: 4602: 4587: 4580: 4573: 4566: 4559: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4538: 4513: 4480: 4454: 4445: 4436: 4405: 4376: 4345: 4315: 4293: 4279:(in Swedish). 4267:, ed. (1995). 4256: 4219: 4193: 4163: 4154: 4128: 4105: 4092: 4079: 4060: 4047: 4020: 4000: 3993: 3973: 3956: 3936: 3923: 3921:Baigent (2000) 3914: 3897: 3880: 3867: 3858: 3841: 3823: 3790: 3760: 3730: 3699: 3676: 3645: 3605: 3590: 3564: 3531: 3512: 3490: 3475: 3449: 3424: 3398: 3365: 3347: 3304: 3297: 3279: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3204: 3199: 3193: 3188: 3186:Sweden-bashing 3183: 3178: 3173: 3165: 3157: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3131: 3115: 3112: 3103: 3102:Notable people 3100: 3099: 3098: 3084: 3070: 3056: 3042: 3028: 3025:North Carolina 3014: 3000: 2986: 2972: 2958: 2939: 2936: 2932: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2911: 2910: 2907: 2904: 2890: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2869: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2848: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2827: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2806: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2764: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2743: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2722: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2701: 2700: 2697: 2694: 2680: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2617: 2616: 2613: 2610: 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4501: 4497: 4493: 4487: 4485: 4468: 4464: 4458: 4449: 4440: 4424: 4420: 4416: 4409: 4393: 4389: 4383: 4381: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4349: 4333: 4329: 4328:Ragnar Benson 4325: 4319: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4270: 4266: 4260: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4231: 4223: 4207: 4203: 4197: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4167: 4158: 4142: 4138: 4132: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4112: 4110: 4102: 4096: 4089: 4083: 4077: 4073: 4070: 4064: 4057: 4051: 4043: 4038:|author= 4031: 4023: 4021:9789004280144 4017: 4013: 4012: 4004: 3996: 3994:9780873516365 3990: 3986: 3985: 3977: 3970: 3966: 3960: 3954: 3953:0-8093-1362-6 3950: 3946: 3940: 3933: 3927: 3918: 3911: 3907: 3901: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3877: 3871: 3862: 3855: 3851: 3845: 3838: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3797: 3795: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3764: 3748: 3744: 3743:The Oregonian 3740: 3734: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3703: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3680: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3649: 3641: 3628: 3609: 3601: 3594: 3578: 3574: 3568: 3560: 3556: 3550: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3528: 3524: 3523: 3516: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3494: 3486: 3479: 3463: 3459: 3453: 3438: 3434: 3428: 3412: 3408: 3402: 3394: 3390: 3384: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3362: 3358: 3351: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3308: 3300: 3294: 3290: 3283: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3253: 3249: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3170: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3147: 3143: 3142:Sweden portal 3132: 3129: 3118: 3109: 3096: 3085: 3082: 3071: 3068: 3057: 3054: 3043: 3040: 3039:Massachusetts 3029: 3026: 3015: 3012: 3001: 2998: 2987: 2984: 2973: 2970: 2959: 2956: 2945: 2944: 2943: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2902:West Virginia 2892: 2891: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2871: 2870: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2829: 2828: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2808: 2807: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2787: 2786: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2766: 2765: 2761: 2758: 2756: 2745: 2744: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2724: 2723: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2682: 2681: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2640: 2639: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2598: 2597: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2577: 2576: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2566:New Hampshire 2556: 2555: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2514: 2513: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2493: 2492: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2451: 2450: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2407: 2406: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2386: 2385: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2365: 2364: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2260: 2259: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2231: 2229: 2218: 2217: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2197: 2196: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2176: 2175: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2155: 2154: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2134: 2133: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2113: 2112: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2102:Massachusetts 2092: 2091: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2071: 2070: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2029: 2028: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2008: 2007: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1987: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1966: 1965: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1945: 1944: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1924: 1923: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1903: 1902: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1882: 1881: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1861: 1860: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1850:United States 1840: 1839: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1825: 1821: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1789: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1683: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1663: 1661: 1654:Danish Church 1653: 1650: 1645: 1642: 1641: 1640: 1637: 1631: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1596: 1586: 1582: 1579: 1575: 1574:Ragnar Benson 1572: 1569: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1542: 1541: 1535: 1533: 1523: 1520: 1515: 1511: 1510:folk costumes 1503: 1497: 1494: 1488: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1461: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1341: 1338: 1337: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1318:Stockholm, WI 1316: 1314: 1313:Stockholm, ME 1311: 1309: 1308:St. Peter, MN 1306: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1278:Lindström, MN 1276: 1274: 1273:Lindsborg, KS 1271: 1269: 1268:Kingsburg, CA 1266: 1264: 1263:Jamestown, NY 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1207:, Chicago, IL 1206: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1166:, Chicago, IL 1165: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1128: 1122: 1120: 1115: 1113: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1074: 1073:Ragnar Benson 1070: 1066: 1062: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1037: 1035: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1004: 1000: 990: 988: 987: 982: 981: 980:The Emigrants 976: 972: 971: 970:The Emigrants 966: 962: 958: 957:April Harvest 954: 950: 946: 942: 941:Carl Sandburg 937: 934: 930: 919: 917: 912: 907: 905: 901: 897: 896:Swedish lands 891: 889: 885: 881: 879: 878: 871: 869: 863: 854: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 831: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 799: 795: 793: 788: 786: 782: 779:, celebrates 778: 774: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 747: 742: 738: 734: 730: 723: 718: 709: 707: 702: 700: 696: 692: 680: 675: 673: 669: 664: 660: 657:. Like their 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 629:; as well as 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 599: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 568:New York City 565: 561: 556: 546: 544: 543:the Printzhof 540: 536: 532: 527: 523: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 497: 492: 487: 476: 466: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 434: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 403: 399: 395: 391: 384: 380: 375: 367: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 322: 319: 315: 314:Protestantism 309: 308:denominations 304: 299: 294: 291: 285: 280: 276: 271: 267: 265: 253: 249: 247: 235: 231: 229: 217: 213: 211: 199: 195: 193: 181: 177: 175: 163: 159: 157: 145: 141: 139: 127: 123: 121: 109: 106: 101: 96: 90: 88: 83: 79: 74: 70: 65: 60: 53: 47: 41: 34: 28: 19: 6395: 6313: 5895:Jersey Dutch 5674: 5438:German Texan 5344:Social media 5146: 5124: 5117: 5110: 5093: 5086: 5079: 5069: 5062:7.1 (2016). 5059: 5052: 5045: 5038: 5031: 5021: 5004: 4997: 4981: 4974: 4967: 4957: 4950: 4936: 4929: 4922: 4912: 4905: 4898: 4884: 4874: 4867: 4857: 4847: 4840: 4833: 4820: 4807: 4797: 4784: 4777: 4770: 4760: 4753: 4746: 4736: 4725: 4711: 4704: 4693: 4686: 4671: 4664: 4657: 4647: 4633: 4619: 4612: 4605: 4590: 4583: 4576: 4569: 4562: 4555: 4531:November 13, 4529:. Retrieved 4525: 4516: 4504:. Retrieved 4495: 4471:. Retrieved 4457: 4448: 4439: 4429:December 25, 4427:. Retrieved 4418: 4408: 4398:December 25, 4396:. Retrieved 4369:December 25, 4367:. Retrieved 4358: 4348: 4338:December 25, 4336:. Retrieved 4327: 4318: 4276: 4259: 4247:. Retrieved 4234: 4229: 4222: 4210:. Retrieved 4196: 4184:. Retrieved 4175: 4166: 4157: 4145:. Retrieved 4131: 4116: 4100: 4095: 4087: 4082: 4063: 4055: 4050: 4010: 4003: 3983: 3976: 3968: 3964: 3959: 3944: 3939: 3931: 3926: 3917: 3909: 3905: 3900: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3875: 3870: 3861: 3849: 3844: 3836: 3835:Dag Blanck, 3814:. Retrieved 3805: 3781:. Retrieved 3772: 3763: 3751:. Retrieved 3742: 3733: 3723:December 18, 3721:. Retrieved 3712: 3709:"Migrations" 3702: 3693: 3689: 3679: 3669:December 18, 3667:. Retrieved 3658: 3648: 3617:December 18, 3615:. Retrieved 3608: 3599: 3593: 3581:. Retrieved 3567: 3521: 3515: 3507:the original 3502: 3493: 3478: 3466:. Retrieved 3461: 3452: 3440:. Retrieved 3436: 3427: 3415:. Retrieved 3410: 3401: 3356: 3350: 3317: 3313: 3307: 3288: 3282: 3270:. Retrieved 3252: 3223:Nordstjernan 3207:Swede Hollow 3167: 3159: 2941: 2692:Rhode Island 2545:South Dakota 2503:North Dakota 2165:Pennsylvania 1819: 1790: 1727: 1686:Demographics 1669: 1657: 1638: 1635: 1594: 1585:Eric Wickman 1529: 1507: 1481: 1465: 1453: 1354:Trettondagen 1350: 1298:Rockford, IL 1156:Nordstjernan 1155: 1119:agribusiness 1117:The rise of 1116: 1110: 1078: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1031: 1023:Swede Hollow 1019: 1011: 1007: 996: 986:The New Land 984: 978: 968: 956: 955:(1953), and 952: 948: 945:Lillian Budd 938: 932: 928: 925: 914:In 1896 the 913: 909: 906:in the west. 903: 895: 893: 887: 882: 875: 872: 864: 860: 857:Assimilation 832: 805: 796: 789: 775: 726: 703: 695:Jonas Bronck 687: 635:Pennsylvania 600: 574:. Most were 558: 528: 524: 501: 457:, Chicago's 455:Philadelphia 435: 389: 388: 86: 85: 81: 21:Ethnic group 18: 6398:by location 6340:New Zealand 6121:Los Angeles 5838:Sammarinese 5821:before 1880 5736:Montenegrin 5629:Greenlandic 5534:Azerbaijani 4941:online book 4939:(2022) see 4473:January 24, 4265:Schön, Ebbe 4212:December 7, 4186:December 7, 4147:December 7, 4058:66: 248–62. 3468:December 5, 3458:"Välkommen" 3442:December 5, 3417:December 5, 3314:Imago Mundi 3272:October 12, 3258:"IPUMS USA" 2860:Mississippi 2354:Connecticut 1724:(pictured). 1710:Minneapolis 1700:2000 census 1530:Annually a 1374:Fettisdagen 1339:Astoria, OR 1303:Scandia, MN 1293:Oakland, NE 1248:Chicago, IL 1158:(newspaper) 1040:Stereotypes 904:Big Country 771:Västmanland 759:Westmanland 712:New England 596:prohibition 447:Minneapolis 303:Lutheranism 6432:Categories 6414:Nebraska ( 6407:Illinois ( 6350:See also: 6304:Costa Rica 6240:Varangians 6115:California 5833:Portuguese 5726:Macedonian 5644:Lithuanian 5554:Circassian 5539:Belarusian 4496:Census.gov 4294:9171083758 3636:|url= 3366:9124686840 3245:References 3011:Washington 2955:California 2713:New Mexico 2396:New Jersey 1934:Washington 1892:California 1782:Wilcox, PA 1577:buildings. 1519:snapsvisor 1478:Hallowe'en 1418:Första Maj 1328:Wilcox, PA 1258:Geneva, IL 1034:housemaids 975:Jan Troell 949:April Snow 922:Literature 820:Washington 812:Norwegians 802:West Coast 677:See also: 504:New Sweden 431:Washington 174:Washington 138:California 6335:Australia 6319:Venezuela 6284:Argentina 6152:Louisiana 6108:By region 6033:Melungeon 5988:Wisconsin 5701:Bulgarian 5649:Norwegian 5634:Icelandic 5584:Ukrainian 5474:Kashubian 5460:Hungarian 4993:5905657). 4943:also see 4599:0305-7488 4506:March 24, 4303:0348-971X 4125:0275-7664 4030:cite book 3627:cite book 3583:March 12, 3549:cite book 3541:847592135 3383:cite book 3334:0308-5694 3320:: 78–80. 3095:Minnesota 2797:Louisiana 2482:Tennessee 1997:Wisconsin 1871:Minnesota 1854:3,627,796 1630:Methodist 1555:stores – 1553:Nordstrom 1544:Walgreens 1502:Midsommar 1469:påskhäxor 1441:Christmas 1431:Labor Day 1393:Midsummer 933:Valkyrian 929:Valkyrian 877:Hemlandet 785:Midsummer 781:St. Lucia 763:Stockholm 751:Stockholm 627:Wisconsin 623:Minnesota 607:Stockholm 588:pietistic 469:Migration 439:Midsummer 415:Wisconsin 407:Minnesota 318:Mormonism 273:Languages 228:Wisconsin 120:Minnesota 6277:Americas 6159:Maryland 6146:Arkansas 5977:Scottish 5930:Huguenot 5923:Canadian 5843:Sicilian 5811:Galician 5806:Corsican 5796:Canarian 5786:Asturian 5770:Yugoslav 5741:Romanian 5731:Moldovan 5711:Croatian 5691:Albanian 5605:Estonian 5564:Georgian 5529:Armenian 5489:Silesian 5415:Austrian 4716:in JSTOR 4500:Archived 4467:Archived 4423:Archived 4392:Archived 4363:Archived 4332:Archived 4307:Archived 4249:June 29, 4243:Archived 4206:Archived 4180:Archived 4141:Archived 4072:Archived 3810:Archived 3777:Archived 3747:Archived 3717:Archived 3663:Archived 3577:Archived 3289:Grenstam 3266:Archived 3114:See also 3081:Virginia 3067:Colorado 3053:Illinois 2969:New York 2957:: 12,921 2881:Delaware 2776:Arkansas 2650:Kentucky 2587:Oklahoma 2461:Maryland 2333:Virginia 2291:Missouri 2207:Nebraska 2060:New York 2039:Colorado 2018:Michigan 1913:Illinois 1716:outside 1628:Swedish 1615:Swedish 1604:Lutheran 1591:Churches 1493:påskbord 1482:American 1359:Epiphany 1032:Swedish 951:(1951), 847:Portland 767:Jämtland 755:Jemtland 655:Illinois 647:Nebraska 639:Michigan 631:New York 576:Lutheran 480:Colonial 411:Illinois 296:Religion 264:Colorado 246:Michigan 156:Illinois 6409:Chicago 6328:Oceania 6252:dialect 6247:Ukraine 6230:Finland 6225:Estonia 6091:Acadian 6056:Isleños 5982:Walloon 5967:Occitan 5938:Frisian 5909:Acadian 5884:English 5879:Cornish 5874:British 5864:Belgian 5848:Spanish 5828:Maltese 5816:Italian 5801:Catalan 5765:Turkish 5751:Serbian 5746:Slovene 5721:Kosovan 5706:Cypriot 5696:Bosnian 5675:Swedish 5639:Latvian 5621:Findian 5615:Finnish 5610:Faroese 5574:Russian 5559:Cossack 5549:Chechen 5508:Sorbian 5026:excerpt 4984:(1980) 4970:(1932). 4915:(1988). 4843:(1971). 4836:(1996). 4810:(1975) 4773:(1978). 4765:excerpt 4622:(2007) 4572:(2001). 4285:Skansen 4237:]. 3816:May 16, 3783:May 16, 3753:May 12, 3638:value ( 3342:1149789 3097:: 1,350 3083:: 1,362 3069:: 1,497 3055:: 1,645 3041:: 1,664 3027:: 1,880 3013:: 2,621 2999:: 3,776 2997:Florida 2985:: 4,236 2971:: 4,492 2818:Vermont 2734:Alabama 2671:Wyoming 2524:Montana 2418:Georgia 2312:Indiana 2144:Arizona 2106:104,211 2085:108,317 2064:109,623 2043:122,644 2022:132,003 2001:138,599 1980:140,123 1959:143,896 1955:Florida 1938:209,559 1917:241,187 1896:357,926 1875:410,091 1617:Baptist 1514:maypole 1487:påskris 1423:May Day 1384:Valborg 851:Astoria 839:Seattle 835:Ballard 603:Chicago 572:Midwest 549:Midwest 402:Swedish 394:Swedish 290:Swedish 268:122,644 250:132,003 232:138,599 214:140,123 196:143,896 192:Florida 178:209,559 160:241,187 142:357,926 124:410,091 40:Swedish 6356:Swedes 6309:Mexico 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