6932:"Special Forces" in the Syrian Arab Army denotes specialized "light" infantry (airborne, air assault) and are "elite" only in relation to the conventional mechanized, armored units of the SAA. According to a declassified CIA report the stated Special Forces regiments were created to conduct counter-insurgency operations. Special Forces units included the: 41st, 45th, 46th, 47th, 53rd and 54th independent special forces regiments. Special Forces were heavily used from the early stage of the Syrian Civil War and as a result suffered heavy casualties, possibly up to three regiments (41st, 46th, 54th) may have been destroyed during the Syrian Civil War, the surviving three regiments were merged to other formations such as the Republican Guard, Tiger Forces and 4th Corps. Later reports state that two battalions from the 54th regiment serve within the 17th Division.
2574:
1267:
1225:
900:
137:
1399:
861:'s first cousin. The troops sealed "off whole quarters and carr out house-to-house searches, often preceded by tank fire." Hundreds of suspects were rounded up. Only two conventional Army brigades deployed to Hama in 1982, the 3rd Armored Division's 47th Armored and 21st Mechanized Brigades. Three quarters of the officers and one third of the soldiers in the two brigades were Alawites. Most of the repression was carried out by the Defense Companies and the Special Forces. Meanwhile, the Special Forces were isolating and combing through
1955:
1912:
3352:
3058:
50:
929:, a cousin of the President who had commanded the "crack" 3rd Armored Division for nearly two decades. The 3rd Armored Division was "deployed around Damascus." JDW commented that "the Special Forces and the 3rd Armored Division, along with the 1st Armored Division are key elements in the security structure that protects Assad's government. Any command changes involving those formations have considerable political significance." Post-uprising reporting indicated the 1st Armored Division had historically been at
1850:
2534:
2379:
11965:
2334:
2309:
3167:
3160:
2590:
2112:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3442:
3419:
3412:
3391:
7783:
668:. Further coups followed, each attended by a purge of the officer corps to remove supporters of the losers from the force. 'Discipline in the army broke down across the board as units and their commanders pledged their allegiance to different groups and parties. Indeed, by the late 1950s, the situation had become so bad that Syrian officers regularly disobeyed the orders of superiors who belonged to different ethnic or political groups.
3398:
653:, the army was small, poorly armed, and poorly trained. "Paris had relied primarily on French regulars to keep the peace in Syria and had neglected indigenous forces. Consequently, training was lackadaisical, discipline lax, and staff work almost unheard of. ... there were about 12,000 men in the Syrian army. These troops were mostly grouped into three infantry brigades and an armored force of about battalion size," writes Pollack.
951:, 2nd, and 3rd), eight armored divisions (with one independent armored brigade), three mechanized divisions, one armored-special forces division and ten independent airborne-special forces brigades. The army had 11 divisional formations reported in 2011, with a fall in the number of armored divisions reported from the 2010 edition from eight to seven. The independent armored brigade had been replaced by an independent tank regiment.
7171:
809:
2241:
2140:
76:
2010:
3426:
3405:
3433:
521:
3647:
1221:
relying on units to carry out orders to brutalize the opposition." This has resulted in Bashar's following his father's precedent by attaching regular army units to more reliable forces (Special Forces, Republican Guard, or 4th
Armored Division). When Hafez al-Assad directed the suppression of revolts in Hama in 1982, this technique was also used.
6755:
1524:, headquartered in Shtoura, Lebanon. Its main units deployed to control the strategic Beirut-Damascus highway with the 123rd Mechanized Brigade near Yanta, the 51st Armored Brigade near Zahle in the Beqaa Valley and the 85th Armored Brigade, deployed around the complex of positions at Dahr al-Baidar.
1150:
By March 15, 2012, many more soldiers, unhappy with crackdowns on pro-democracy protesters, switched sides and a
Turkish official said that 60,000 soldiers had deserted the Syrian army, including 20,000 since February 20. It was added that most of the deserters were junior officers and soldiers. By 5
896:. Correspondingly, not only the Chief of Staff of the Syrian Armed Forces but also the Corps HQ exercised only a limited operational control over the Army's divisions." Declassified CIA documents from February 1987 say that the 3rd Corps and 17th and 18th Armoured Divisions were established in 1986.
751:
Mechanized
Infantry Divisions were all formed prior to 1973. Samuel M. Katz writes that after Hafez al-Assad gained power in November 1970, the army expanded to the five divisions listed above, plus ten independent brigades, an artillery rocket brigade (the 69th), and "a reinforced brigade variously
706:
However, in 1967 the army did appear to have some strength. It had around 70,000 personnel, roughly 550 tanks and assault guns, 500 APCs, and nearly 300 artillery pieces. The army had sixteen brigades: twelve infantry, two armored (probably including the 70th
Armored), and two mechanized. The Syrian
7114:
General
Mustafa Tlas (ed.), History of the Syrian Arab Army/Al-Tareekh Al-Jaish Al-Arabi Al-Soori, Volume 1: 1901–1948, Center for Military Studies. Damascus, 2000. Volume 1 is 568 pages long and covers the Arab Revolt, the short-lived monarchy under King Feisal bin Hussein, the French Mandate, the
2858:
Officers have a variety of headgear, including a service cap, garrison cap, and beret (linen in summer and wool in winter). The color of the beret varies according to the officer's unit. The most common beret color is black, for
Infantry, Engineering, Signals and supporting arms personnel, followed
1555:
The 2nd
Reserve Armored Division, with the 14th and 15th Armored Brigades and the 19th Mechanized Brigade. The 2nd also believed to operate as the main armored forces training formation. It seems likely that the "2nd" designation, reported in 2001, was incorrect, as it has not been reported during
2838:
style, although army combat clothing follows the Soviet model. Each uniform has two coats: a long one for dress and a short jacket for informal wear. Army officer uniforms are khaki in summer, olive in winter. All Army (including paratroops and special forces) and Air
Defense Force personnel wear
1413:
Richard
Bennett wrote in 2001 that "..corps formed in 1985 to give the Army more flexibility and to improve combat efficiency by decentralizing the command structure, absorbing at least some of the lessons learned during the Israeli invasion of the Lebanon in 1982." The organization and military
1220:
Analyst Joseph
Holliday wrote in 2013 that "the Assad government has from the beginning of the conflict been unable to mobilize all of its forces without risking largescale defections. The single greatest liability that the Assad regime has faced in employing its forces has been the challenge of
804:
Pollack says it is likely that they intended to overthrow the Jordanian monarchy itself. Despite defeating the Jordanian Army at al-Ramtha on 21 September, after fierce air attacks on 22 September, the Syrians stopped the attack and began to retreat.The retreat was caused by Jordan's appeal for
723:
Israeli assault of the Golan heights, the Syrian army failed to counterattack the Israelis as the Israelis breached the Syrian positions. While Syrian units fought hard whenever the Israelis entered their fields of fire, no attempts appear to have been made to exploit Israeli disorientation and
1235:
In 2014, analyst Charles Lister wrote that "As of April 1, 2014, the SAA had incurred at least 35,601 fatalities, which when combined with a reasonable ratio of 3 wounded personnel for every soldier killed and approximately 50,000 defections, suggests the SAA presently commands roughly 125,000
1243:
The Syrian Arab Army suffers from serious recruitment issues as the Syrian Civil War drags on, with military age men across sectarian lines no longer willing to join or serve their conscription terms. These issues are especially notable among the Druze population, who have clashed with regime
6702:
805:
international aid : "The report said that Hussein “not only appealed for the moral and diplomatic support of the United Kingdom and the United States, coupled with the threat of international action, but had also asked for an air strike by Israel against Syrian troops.” (New York Post)
6745:
1244:
security forces and broken Druze youths out of regime imprisonment to avoid them serving in the army. Increasingly, Assad's Alawite base of support refuse to send their sons to the military due to massive casualty rates among military age men in their community; according to pro
1340:
Struggling with reliability issues and defections, officers of the SAA increasingly prefer the part-time volunteers of the NDF, who they regard as more motivated and loyal, over regular army conscripts to conduct infantry operations and act as support for advancing tanks.
1201:
The army in Syria is the power structure. The armed forces would fight to an end. It would be a bloodbath, literally, because the army would fight to protect not only the institution of the army but the regime itself, because the army and the regime is one and the same.
940:
reported that Syria had begun to redeploy elements of one or more Syrian Army special forces regiments based in the coastal hills a few kilometres south of Beirut in Lebanon. A senior Lebanese Army officer told JDW that the 3,000 troops involved would return to Syria.
122:
18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation is 18 months; women are not conscripted but may volunteer to serve; re-enlistment obligation 5 years, with retirement after 15 years or age 40 (enlisted) or 20 years or age 45
1336:
is under the control and supervision of the Syrian Army and acts in an infantry role, directly fighting against rebels on the ground and running counter-insurgency operations in co-ordination with the army which provides them logistical and artillery support.
6692:
1158:
On June 14, 2013, 73 Syrian Army officers and their families, some 202 people in total, sought refuge in Turkey. Amongst their number were seven generals and 20 colonels. In 2013, Agence France Press wrote on 'Syria's diminished security forces.'
1367:. Alawites made up 12% of the pre-war Syrian population, but 70% of the career soldiers in the Syrian Army. A similar imbalance is seen in the officer corps, where some 80% of the officers are Alawites. The military's most elite divisions, the
883:
and his Defense Companies to seize the capital. Fayadh's 3rd Armoured Division moved into the capital to join Haidar's forces in the confrontation with the Defense Companies. The 3rd Armoured Division, it seems, had historically been based at
784:
detachments, but rebuffed them without major difficulty. Two days later, the 5th Infantry Division, heavily reinforced, was also sent into Jordan. Two armored brigades were attached to the division, bringing its tank strength up to over 300
918:
In 1994, Haidar expressed objections to the Syrian president's decision to bring Bashar home from his studies in Britain and groom him for the succession after the death of Basil, the eldest Assad son. Soon afterwards, on 3 September 1994,
5946:
Joseph Holliday, 'The Assad Regime: From Counterinsurgency to Civil War,' Institute for the Study of War, March 2013. Seemingly the best concise description and analysis of the Syrian Army and its involvement in the current Syrian Civil
432:. It is the dominant military service of the four uniformed services, controlling the most senior posts in the armed forces, and has the greatest manpower, approximately 80 percent of the combined services. The Syrian Army originated in
4445:
711:, including both armored brigades and one mechanized brigade. Three 'brigade groups', each comprising four brigades, were deployed: the 12th in the north, holding the sector from the B'nat Ya'acov bridge to the slopes of
4670:
5722:استشهاد العقيد شرف عبدو السلات من مرتبات اللواء 26 مشاة - فرقة 25 مهام خاصة من الجيش العربي السوري أثناء أداء واجبه الوطني في البادية السورية في المعارك ضد تنظيم "د.ا.عش" الإرهابي شرقي محافظة حمص، الشهيد من محافظة إدلب.
5592:
958:
in London, the Syrian army comprised 220,000 regular personnel, and the entire armed forces (including the navy, air force and air defenses) had 325,000 regular troops. Additionally, it had about 290,000 reservists.
891:
Bennett dates the establishment of corps in the Syrian Army to 1985. Writing forty years later, Tom Cooper says "..despite the establishment of.. corps.. most division commanders continued reporting directly to the
7289:
1563:
Other units under the control of this corps included four independent infantry brigades, one border guard brigade, one independent armored regiment, effectively a brigade group, and one special forces regiment.
1167:
Up until July 2012, the scale of defections from the Syrian Army, though hard to quantify, was too small to make an impact on the strength of that army, according to Aram Nerguizian from the Washington-based
4561:
1115:
At October 1, 2011, according to high-ranking defected Syrian Colonel Riad Assaad, 10,000 soldiers, including high-ranking officers, had deserted the Syrian Army. Some of these defectors had formed the
1240:
in London calculated that by August 2013 the strength of the Syrian army had, compared with 2010, roughly been cut in half, due to defections, desertions and casualties: it now counted 110,000 troops.
752:
termed the 70th Armored Brigade or the Assad Republican Guard. It is today known as the Armored Defense Force; as Assad's praetorian guard it is stationed in and around Damascus and subordinate to the
11745:
4388:
3016:
was planned to replace the AK(M) and other derivatives, the Civil War put a halt to this large scale re-equipment programme. Since 2015, Syrians have received big equipment assistance from Russia.
3773:
Bou-Nacklie, N. E. “Les Troupes Speciales: Religious and Ethnic Recruitment, 1916-46.” International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 25, no. 4, Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 645–60,
3379:
3085:
4255:
10581:
4639:
6110:
4700:
7095:, Area Handbook for Syria, Washington, For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1965, "Department of the Army pamphlet no. 550-47." Revision of the 1958 edition.
2866:
Since 2009, the SAA had acquired large numbers of Chinese-produced combat gear, including helmets and bullet proof vests. In 2011, the standard issue combat helmets were the olive Chinese
10647:
656:
Between 1949 and 1966, a series of military coups destroyed the stability of the government and any remaining professionalism within the army. In March 1949, the chief of staff, General
10855:
9330:
557:
in support of French troops, and senior officer posts were held by Frenchmen, although Syrians were allowed to hold commissions below the rank of major. The Syrian officer corps of the
4501:
10639:
5983:
3579:
Although some twenty-five orders and medals are authorized, generally only senior officers and warrant officers wear medal ribbons. The following are some important Syrian awards:
1155:
estimated "tens of thousands" soldiers to have defected. By August 2012, 40 Brigadier generals from the Army had defected to the opposition army, out of a total of 1,200 generals.
10958:
4441:
5484:
4910:
4769:"Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1151/2011 of 14 November 2011 implementing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria"
4662:
1351:
The NDF continues to play a significant role in military operations across Syria despite the formation of other elite units, many of which receive direct assistance from Russia.
1443:
5696:
4807:
10276:
10149:
9915:
9696:
9016:
8887:
11912:
10696:
1410:
Before 2011, it was difficult to access reliable information about the SAA because of the Damascus government's sensitivity to potential espionage, particularly by Israel.
369:
10083:
3372:
3078:
10359:
9534:
9350:
8987:
7109:
History of the Syrian Arab Army: Prussianization of the Arab Army, the Arab Revolt of 1916–1918, and the cult of nationalization of Arabs in the Levant after World War I
1236:
personnel. This loss of manpower is exacerbated by Syria's longentrenched problem of having to selectively deploy forces based on their perceived trustworthiness." The
925:
reported that then-President Hafez Assad had dismissed at least 16 senior military commanders. Among them was Haidar, then commander of the Special Forces, and General
11725:
8747:
5383:
3828:
Jean-David Mizrahi, « Armée, état et nation au moyen-orient. La naissance des troupes spéciales du Levant à l'époque du mandat français, Syrie, 1919-1930 »,
1248:
sources a third of 250,000 Alawite men of fighting age have been killed in the Syrian Civil War, leading to major tensions between the sect and the Syrian government.
6806:
4294:
10284:
10268:
10141:
9907:
9688:
9504:
9202:
9008:
8879:
6168:
4553:
11917:
10364:
9637:
9530:
9346:
9206:
6832:
5405:
5781:
4781:
10172:
9147:
4471:
3633:
of the Armed Forces. As of 2024, the Chief of the General Staff has been Lt. Gen. Abdul Karim Mahmoud Ibrahim, who was appointed to the role by Syrian President
3365:
3071:
5828:
4853:
10521:
10272:
10145:
9911:
9692:
9012:
8883:
1386:, and Major General Mufid Hassan, Deputy Chief of the General Staff, are some of the Sunni Muslims in the positions of power. Some volunteer brigades, such as
10980:
10013:
9933:
9774:
6528:
6442:
4827:
Holliday, 2013, 42, 46, 47. Holliday's sources include "Skype Interview with exiled former Syrian Army General Officer in Washington, DC on April 19, 2012."
4370:
4335:
10314:
10098:
9866:
3737:
944:
Cordesman wrote that in 2006 the Syrian Army had "organized two corps that reported to the Land Forces General Staff and the Commander of the Land Force."
5593:"The "Al-Imam Hussein Brigade"- The Assimilation of a Shiite Militia into The Syrian Army's 4th Division, As Well as its Attacks on Israeli and US forces"
565:
and members of Syria's ethnic and religious minorities. By 1927, more than 35% of Syrian soldiers came from the auxiliary troops; they were traditionally
11780:
11765:
11735:
10380:
10177:
10113:
9315:
9176:
9152:
8619:
8583:
8558:
4419:
4130:
1470:
Bennett said the 1st Corps also four independent special forces regiments, including two trained for heliborne commando operations against the Israeli
9938:
9871:
9724:
9454:
8955:
8588:
5165:
4251:
2874:
for the reserve forces. Both of them can be equipped with the Syrian Leaf camouflage helmet covers. Since 2015, some regular units were equipped with
11108:
10814:
9943:
8075:
4635:
6120:
4692:
4583:
10207:
9469:
9358:
8645:
8568:
7159:
5212:
687:
by providing aircraft, armoured vehicles and a force of 6,000 soldiers. Syrian troops crossed the Iraqi border and moved into the Kurdish town of
11835:
11750:
11720:
10334:
10237:
10167:
10088:
10008:
9764:
9115:
9110:
8671:
2582:
1544:, based in the north and covered Hama, the Turkish and Iraqi borders, the Mediterranean coastline and was tasked with protecting the complex of
1305:, the 18th Armored Division was reinforced by Special Forces units and ... by elements of the 4th Division under Maher's de facto command."
11079:
10447:
10349:
9851:
9499:
8640:
4940:
1169:
1258:
said that the Syrian Arab Army had regained its pre-2011 strength levels, recovering from manpower shortages earlier in the Syrian Civil War.
11755:
10883:
10705:
9886:
9856:
9799:
9246:
8803:
8578:
8548:
7034:
6994:
4229:
1237:
955:
858:
270:
4493:
11740:
11715:
10922:
10910:
10905:
10888:
10197:
9953:
9642:
9320:
9181:
9029:
8895:
8727:
8697:
8614:
8400:
4956:
2906:
to soldiers to remain effective in an environment affected by biological or chemical agents. This uniform consists of a Russian-made Model
727:
Judging from reports of 1967–1970, including the reporting of the 5th Infantry Division in 1970, the Army appears to have formed its first
4523:
11813:
11730:
11094:
11066:
10900:
10875:
10496:
9652:
9368:
8702:
8692:
8676:
8051:
7137:
5991:
6398:
3978:
1278:
The 3rd Armored Division has deployed elements of three brigades from its bases around Qutayfah to Deraa, Zabadani, and Hama, while the
11180:
11084:
10457:
10018:
9779:
9704:
8490:
8071:
6670:
6463:
5476:
5144:
4356:
6015:"Tel Rifaat #Aleppo - one 3rd Div soldier & 5 local militia-men Darbasiyah #Hasakah - 3 soldiers killed from 20th Brigade/3rd Div"
11089:
10467:
9836:
9719:
9437:
8972:
7316:
5755:
5700:
4803:
1835:. In addition, new units were created by 2021. As of August 2022, according to Gregory Waters, the structure as the order of battle (
5334:"Unit of the #Republican_Guard's 101st Regiment holds a massive storage depot in #Kernaz (at an old SRG base for training purposes)"
11825:
10975:
10192:
10182:
9948:
9627:
7299:
6220:
6191:
5935:
5678:
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546:
437:
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6043:
6014:
5958:
5911:
5876:
5855:
5803:
5543:
5333:
1566:
the Coastal Defense Brigade, which largely as an independent unit within the 3rd Corps area, headquartered in the naval base of
1344:
An officer in Homs, who asked not to be identified, said the army was increasingly playing a logistical and directive role, while
11074:
10595:
10537:
10483:
10429:
10202:
9562:
9380:
8992:
8722:
8091:
6905:
5042:
6632:
5899:شُيّع من المشفى العسكري في طرطوس منذ قليل الشهيد النقيب شرف جعفر عماد فاضل من مرتبات الفرقة الثانية (B73 - مشاة) في الجيش العربي
5276:
4721:
Holliday 2013, 26, citing "By All Means Necessary: Individual and Command Responsibility for Crimes against Humanity in Syria,"
11932:
11860:
10963:
10735:
10715:
10511:
10247:
9632:
9044:
8717:
7395:
7304:
6883:
5016:
4776:
3833:
2887:
1147:, one of the most senior defectors, however, in January 2012 the Syrian forces were estimated at 280,000 including conscripts.
5078:
4990:
4101:
1402:
A Syrian soldier aims a 7.62mm PKM light machine gun from his position in a foxhole during a firepower demonstration, part of
11775:
10657:
10629:
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10058:
9983:
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9657:
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9514:
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4840:, October 13, 2011; Syrian Revolution Coordinator's Union Facebook Page <facebook.com/monasiqoon>, November 13, 2012.
4284:
4028:
British documents, sealed for 30 years, now reveal that Hussein sent “a series of messages” to the British Embassy in Amman
2923:
2568:
2014:
1382:
Since 2022, the Minister of Defense and also Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Army and the Armed Forces Lieutenant General
973:
6164:
6142:
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10329:
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9672:
8950:
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2773:
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4768:
3596:
1403:
638:. The 1st Brigade was ready by the time of the Syrian war against Israel on May 15, 1948. It consisted of two infantry
361:
6255:
1527:
three other heavy brigades from the 3rd and 11th Armored Divisions known to be regularly deployed to eastern Lebanon.
443:
Since 1946, it has played a major role in Syria's governance, mounting six military coups: two in 1949, including the
11870:
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11694:
11659:
11119:
10676:
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10103:
10093:
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5832:
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773:
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without access to vital command and control, Nerguizian said, however the formed Syrian Minister of Defense General
537:
440:
over the region. It officially came into being in 1945, before Syria obtained full independence the following year.
11891:
11760:
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9093:
8982:
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8543:
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7981:
6978:
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2221:
1586:. Each Battalion has four batteries of both the short range SSC-3 Styx and long range SSC-1B Sepal missile systems.
1521:
1096:
1053:
876:
5453:
5431:
5120:
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4331:
3777:
3583:, Medal of Military Honor, the War Medal, Medal for Courage, Yarmuk Medal, Wounded in Action Medal, and Medal of
2092:
2049:
845:
The Syrian armed forces have also been involved in suppressing dissident movements within Syria, for example the
744:
740:
581:, commander of the Troupes du Levant, they were strengthened and became the main forces of the French apparatus.
10501:
8239:
6477:
4729:
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11127:
10730:
10408:
10053:
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9821:
9769:
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1390:, are made up of Sunni Syrians and other Sunnis from the Middle Eastern region that adhere to pan-Arab ideals.
1345:
1333:
1312:(rather than any other designation), which was responsible for eastern Syria. The division's 93rd Brigade left
1286:
1271:
10304:
6986:, March 2013. The best concise description and analysis of the Syrian Army and its involvement in the current
6778:
4411:
4126:
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11798:
11454:
11262:
11231:
11026:
10339:
10227:
10043:
9993:
9816:
9592:
9552:
9290:
9086:
9024:
8915:
8900:
7731:
7605:
7267:
7262:
2791:
2573:
2314:
2288:
2267:
2172:
2117:
1959:
1704:
1696:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1437:
1372:
1279:
1189:
850:
748:
736:
732:
507:, the most violent and prolonged war the Syrian Army has taken part in since its establishment in the 1940s.
10720:
8818:
8813:
5158:
4467:
3584:
853:
and detachments from the Defense Companies arrived in Aleppo. The division was under the command of General
672:
460:
456:
452:
11937:
11850:
11808:
11211:
10681:
10403:
10344:
10217:
9973:
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9729:
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7971:
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2199:
2145:
2073:
1252:
496:
7167:
7125:
6585:
5628:
4162:
719:
border with Jordan, and the 42nd in reserve, earmarked for a theater-level counterattack role. During the
11927:
11770:
11684:
11674:
11664:
11649:
11589:
11489:
11336:
11216:
11195:
11160:
11051:
11046:
10927:
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10491:
10038:
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9734:
9310:
9275:
9056:
8823:
8650:
8251:
8244:
8099:
7959:
7192:
6424:
5043:"Pro-regime Sunni fighters in Aleppo defy sectarian narrative - Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East"
4751:
4591:
4317:
3656:
2882:) TAT-BA-7 bullet-proof vests. The Republican Guard and Special Forces were the only units equipped with
2829:
2383:
1995:
1229:
464:
346:
240:
5569:
11994:
11989:
11865:
11056:
10388:
10028:
9826:
9268:
9039:
8828:
8197:
7995:
7832:
7428:
7388:
7343:
7184:
3679:
Syria News 1 August 2013, President Bashar Al-Assad visits soldiers to mark Army Day and pledge victory
2782:
1827:
Between 2015 and 2018, the Syrian Arab Army underwent many structural changes, with the cooperation of
1624:
1131:, however estimated that less than 1,000 soldiers had deserted the Syrian Army; at the same moment, an
1077:
846:
700:
665:
500:
289:
8005:
5544:"Hellcannon of the 1st Company of the Republican Guard's 30th Division, 47th Regiment, 63rd Battalion"
11968:
11282:
11155:
10950:
10865:
10686:
10452:
10324:
10068:
10023:
9928:
9759:
9425:
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9251:
9224:
9219:
9081:
8960:
8768:
8476:
8275:
7807:
7748:
7083:
Reviewed in Brooks, Risa A. "Making Military Might: Why Do States Fail and Succeed? A Review Essay."
3662:
3637:. In April 2022, Maj. Gen. Mufid Hassan was also appointed as the Deputy Chief of the General Staff.
3001:
2937:
2641:
2637:
2623:
2453:
1002:
998:
984:
769:
753:
650:
643:
488:
472:
311:
230:
6746:"La 104ème brigade de la Garde républicaine syrienne, troupe d'élite et étendard du régime de Damas"
5888:#Russia|n officers training SAA students on ATGM at the 165th Artillery Brigade base south of Kisweh
5517:
1135:
battalion commander claimed that the FSA embraced 25,000 army deserters. Also in November 2011, the
11272:
11147:
11132:
10600:
10319:
10309:
10294:
10118:
9963:
9784:
9489:
9186:
9127:
8737:
8365:
8337:
8144:
7252:
7224:
6402:
4189:
3321:
3009:
2860:
2750:
2718:
1854:
1368:
1070:
1038:
921:
1714:
Armored Division, with three Armored brigades, one Mechanized brigade, and one artillery regiment.
11226:
11185:
11175:
10970:
10824:
10745:
10550:
10413:
10242:
10232:
9978:
9958:
9744:
9494:
9464:
9447:
9325:
8977:
7976:
7966:
7827:
7812:
7712:
7666:
7231:
5936:
82nd Battalion of the 53rd SF Regiment (originally part of Special Forces Command now in 2nd Div)
5614:
4964:
4384:
3025:
2811:
2727:
1711:
1047:
660:, installed himself as president. Two more military dictators followed by December 1949. General
8000:
4836:
Holliday, 2013, 33, citing "Clashes between Syrian troops and army defectors kill at least 13,"
11803:
10740:
10545:
10506:
10157:
10108:
10063:
10033:
9647:
9607:
9582:
9572:
9430:
9405:
9295:
9258:
9234:
9034:
7853:
7848:
7762:
7517:
7433:
7092:
7085:
5021:
4531:
3611:
2883:
2758:
2647:
1387:
1324:, elements of the 17th Division remained under siege to the north of the city in October 2013.
1321:
1087:
524:
414:
304:
7105:
Hicham Bou Nassif, 'Second Class: the Grievances of Sunni Officers in the Syrian Armed Forces'
3962:
1266:
10187:
9667:
8858:
8833:
8732:
8370:
8292:
8192:
8034:
8017:
7944:
7822:
7720:
7562:
7381:
6654:
2953:
2339:
1915:
1753:): 2,500–3,500 men in 5–6 battalions (1–3 armored/mechanized + artillery/ADA/engineers) each
1309:
1193:
912:
899:
597:
183:
6044:"3rd Division's artillery regiment is the 14th (the 155th is an affiliated missile brigade)"
3834:
https://www.cairn.info/revue-guerres-mondiales-et-conflits-contemporains-2002-3-page-107.htm
11790:
11429:
11190:
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9861:
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9577:
9410:
9395:
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8930:
8853:
8655:
8553:
8385:
8187:
8022:
7726:
6783:
3031:
2985:
2664:
2436:
1471:
1224:
528:
275:
20:
5747:
3713:
2803:
8:
11609:
11564:
11529:
11041:
10845:
10624:
10289:
10125:
9479:
9459:
9280:
9263:
9164:
9066:
8843:
8405:
8395:
8287:
7949:
7557:
7552:
7197:
6524:
3622:
2895:
2840:
2670:
2404:
1703:
were transformed into the armored division equivalent Unit 569, which in 1984 became the
1605:
Ten independent Airborne Special Forces Regiments (Seven regiments attached to 2nd Corps)
728:
627:
574:
429:
235:
141:
6856:
5190:
3794:
Perlmutter, Amos (1969). "From Obscurity to Rule: The Syrian Army and the Ba'th Party".
11549:
10995:
10462:
10393:
10354:
9071:
9049:
8347:
8297:
8256:
8116:
8104:
8029:
7990:
7954:
7817:
7791:
7449:
7022:
4722:
4415:
3811:
3630:
3626:
2973:
2492:
1549:
893:
830:
623:
611:
542:
433:
331:
265:
9617:
9474:
6345:"The Palestinian al-Quds Brigade has a new Iran-backed militia for fighting in Aleppo"
679:
military camp, home to the 70th Armored Brigade. In June 1963, Syria took part in the
11907:
11614:
11569:
11170:
11165:
10941:
10850:
10806:
10162:
9363:
9076:
8635:
8417:
8202:
8126:
7932:
7736:
7671:
7626:
7479:
7063:
7044:
7026:
7014:
6967:
6728:
6660:
6624:
6457:
6324:
6277:"1579th Battalion of the 5th Corps' 1st Brigade patrolling southeast #Hama this week"
5658:
5206:
5138:
4350:
4004:
3968:
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2742:
2709:
2411:
2259:
2164:
2041:
1700:
1536:
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1398:
1383:
1317:
1255:
1245:
1212:
1144:
1062:
1029:
948:
657:
631:
602:
491:, 1970). An armored division was also deployed to Saudi Arabia in 1990–91 during the
354:
4069:
The Struggle for Power in Syria: Politics and Society under Asad and the Ba'th Party
1440:, which included the 17th and 96th Armored Brigades and the 112th Mechanized Brigade
1172:. Strategically important units of the Syrian armed forces are always controlled by
11584:
11574:
11554:
11544:
11449:
11439:
11434:
11372:
11331:
11316:
11021:
10671:
10555:
9881:
9804:
9390:
9214:
9169:
9120:
9103:
9098:
8945:
8910:
8538:
8499:
8441:
8422:
8357:
8175:
8139:
7909:
7768:
7661:
7641:
7636:
7582:
7454:
7416:
7217:
7006:
6987:
6955:
6111:"Syrian Army reinforcements arrive to northern Hama to fend off jihadist offensive"
5239:الحرس الجمهوري".. تشكيلات جديدة لتعزيز حماية الأسد منها "اقتحام نسائى" (صور وأسماء)
5075:
4986:
4093:
3964:
Syria's Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics
3913:
3904:
3803:
3580:
3357:
3063:
2891:
2631:
1954:
1557:
1545:
1458:, which included the 62nd and 65th Armored Brigades and the 32nd Mechanized Brigade
1379:, are exclusively Alawite. Most of Syria's 300,000 conscripts in 2011 were Sunni.
1136:
1132:
1121:
1120:, engaging in combat with security forces and soldiers in what would turn into the
1117:
992:
869:
504:
484:
316:
294:
280:
250:
7010:
5238:
4554:"Dozens of Syrian officers defect to Turkey as Russia warns against arming rebels"
11599:
11504:
11479:
11402:
11392:
11387:
11377:
11326:
11321:
10893:
9988:
9809:
9375:
9142:
8965:
8838:
8742:
8342:
8317:
8307:
8302:
8064:
7656:
7621:
7587:
7502:
7038:
6376:"Pictures from inside the #Russian base in Ain Issa, Raqqa. 5th Corps 148th Brig"
5103:
International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance 2006, p.208-9
5082:
4857:
4755:
4744:
4733:
3781:
3634:
3602:
3005:
2687:
2679:
2656:
1911:
1877:
1308:
Information from Holliday 2013 suggests that the reserve armored division is the
1176:
officers; defecting soldiers – by July 2012 "tens of thousands" according to the
1011:
692:
578:
448:
405:
339:
255:
162:
5856:"SAA's 531st Battalion/44th Regiment/15th Division downed an HTS drone in Idlib"
5804:"Fighter from the 109th Battalion, 89th Brig of the #9th_Division KIA in #Idlib"
11830:
11539:
11509:
11459:
11444:
11424:
11412:
11397:
11382:
11306:
10619:
9400:
9285:
9159:
9061:
8905:
8457:
8412:
8375:
8330:
8109:
7904:
7899:
7651:
7631:
7597:
7572:
6115:
5987:
5480:
5379:
4497:
2997:
2899:
2844:
1376:
824:
794:
781:
661:
570:
566:
480:
260:
196:
49:
11267:
6693:"Syrie: les ISIS Hunters, ces soldats du régime de Damas formés par la Russie"
4879:
4037:
An order of battle of the Syrian Army in October 1973 can be found in Colonel
3677:
1849:
1494:
Bennett said in 2001 that the corps' principal units were believed to include:
11983:
11594:
11559:
11514:
11484:
11464:
11419:
11407:
11254:
11031:
9385:
9300:
8935:
8390:
7883:
7878:
7863:
7701:
7678:
7646:
7611:
7547:
7489:
7459:
7018:
6321:
From Insurgents to Soldiers: The Fifth Assault Corps in Daraa, Southern Syria
3651:
3325:
2907:
2852:
2699:
1652:
1431:
1185:
926:
854:
550:
6478:"Nine Years of War — Documenting Syrian Arab Army's Armored Vehicles Losses"
5912:"Brigadier Gandhi Ibrahim has been appointed commander of its 48th Regiment"
3832:, 2002/3 (n° 207), p. 107-123. DOI : 10.3917/gmcc.207.0107. URL :
11524:
11499:
11474:
11469:
11277:
10915:
10860:
8212:
7873:
7684:
7326:
5984:"Confirmed: Syrian Army's full order of battle for east Damascus offensive"
5477:"New Syrian Arab Army Division established in preparation of new offensive"
4371:"Over 10,000 soldiers have deserted Syria army, says high-ranking defector"
4071:, (New York: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd, 2011), p.114, via Holliday 2013, 12.
4038:
2989:
2981:
2969:
2911:
2867:
2848:
2835:
2602:
2538:
1683:
1475:
1208:
880:
716:
712:
562:
101:
7290:
National Security Bureau of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
6982:
Joseph Holliday, 'The Assad Regime: From Counterinsurgency to Civil War,'
5188:
1506:, with the 47th and 82nd Armored Brigades and the 132nd Mechanized Brigade
1464:, with the 43rd and 91st Armored Brigades and the 52nd Mechanized Brigade.
1446:, with the 12th and 98th Armored Brigades and the 11th Mechanized Brigades
1285:
The European Council named Major General Wajih Mahmud as commander of the
495:, but saw little action. From 1976 to 2005 it was the major pillar of the
11922:
11604:
11534:
11519:
11494:
8379:
8151:
7577:
7537:
7469:
7464:
7210:
6884:"Struggle Between Russia, Iran For Control Over Syria's Centers Of Power"
6750:
6697:
6586:"A snapshot of camouflage patterns in Syria – Armament Research Services"
6221:"Return to the northeast: Syrian Army deployments against Turkish forces"
6192:"Return to the northeast: Syrian Army deployments against Turkish forces"
5679:"Return to the northeast: Syrian Army deployments against Turkish forces"
5308:"From Tiger Forces to the 16th Brigade: Russia's evolving Syrian proxies"
4663:"In Syria's war, Alawites pay heavy price for loyalty to Bashar al-Assad"
2977:
2533:
1674:
1667:
1512:, with the 60th and 67th Armored Brigades and the 87th Mechanized Brigade
1500:, with the 44th and 46th Armored Brigades and the 42nd Mechanized Brigade
1452:, with the 58th and 68th Armored Brigades and the 78th Mechanized Brigade
1181:
885:
808:
757:
720:
635:
586:
554:
476:
245:
5277:"The Lion and The Eagle: The Syrian Arab Army's Destruction and Rebirth"
4636:"DEFECTED GENERAL: 'DRUZE DO NOT REPRESENT A COG IN THE REGIME MACHINE'"
3625:
and the Syrian Army. The Chief of the General Staff is appointed by the
2378:
978:
The vast majority of Syrian military equipment was Soviet manufactured.
11287:
7512:
7474:
7126:
Video: ISIS secret sniper precisely targeted with Syrian Army's missile
5113:
4527:
2933:
2875:
2859:
by green, for Armored, Mechanized and Artillery personnel, red for the
967:
879:'s Special Forces were instrumental in blocking an abortive attempt by
7132:
The Lion and The Eagle: The Syrian Arab Army's Destruction and Rebirth
6352:
4737:
4524:"Chief of protocol at the Syrian presidential palace denies defection"
3815:
2589:
1518:
with the 1st Armored Brigade and the 61st and 89th Mechanized Brigades
915:
as the Arab Joint Forces Command North reserve and saw little action.
11579:
7858:
7567:
7002:
6323:. Wartime and Post-Conflict in Syria. European University Institute.
4726:
3774:
3166:
3159:
2695:
2443:
1631:
1609:
1140:
930:
790:
696:
676:
646:
and also included two infantry battalions and one armored battalion.
639:
630:-sized army. On June 19, 1947, the Syrian Army took the survivors of
3441:
3418:
3411:
3390:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
2429:
1802:
Artillery: 45 howitzers and 1,500 soldiers in 3 artillery battalions
1406:. The soldier is wearing a nuclear-biological-chemical warfare mask.
780:
with the help of local Palestinian forces. They encountered several
642:
and one armored battalion. The 2nd Brigade was organized during the
11297:
11245:
8468:
7507:
7497:
4907:"Insight: Battered by war, Syrian army creates its own replacement"
4058:(London: I.B. Tauris & Co, 1988), p.327, via Holliday 2013, 12.
3807:
3397:
2929:
2903:
2703:
2023:
1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th Special Forces (Airborne) Regiments
1870:
1597:
1579:
1488:
1434:, the fortified zone and south to Der'a near the Jordanian border.
1427:
1364:
1173:
1023:
904:
492:
299:
151:
2009:
1143:
estimated the Syrian Army at 200,000 troops. According to General
8312:
7373:
7338:
7330:
5406:"Assad's Lionesses: the female last line in the battle for Syria"
4380:
4375:
3650:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2961:
2418:
2390:
1686:
1627:
1618:
1612:
1600:
1571:
1567:
1127:
At 16 November 2011, Rami Abdel Rahman, the head of the UK-based
947:
As of 2010, the army's formations included three army corps (the
834:
626:. As Syria gained independence in 1946, its leaders envisioned a
607:
366:
351:
5629:"Syria's Elite Military Units: Keys to Stability and Succession"
5017:"Can Assad's New Military Appointments Help Rebuild His Regime?"
2863:
and Military Police, and maroon (blue) for the Special Forces.
789:
and its manpower to over 16,000. The division entered Jordan at
549:. The former with 8,000 men later grew into both the Syrian and
503:, and since early 2011 has been heavily engaged in fighting the
499:. Internally, it played a major part in suppressing the 1979–82
436:
formed by the French after World War I, after France obtained a
8769:
Relations between Syrian government and Kurdish groups in Syria
8533:
7914:
7868:
7542:
7527:
6555:
6396:
5189:
Eden Kaduri, Yehoshua Kalisky, Tal Avraham (6 September 2023).
4187:
Nicholas Blandford, "Syria reduced troop strength in Lebanon,"
3013:
2965:
2957:
2878:
from Russia. Standard protective gear for all Army units were (
2871:
2606:
2425:
1828:
1638:
1583:
1575:
1541:
1293:
on 15 November 2011, sanctioning him for violence committed in
768:
On 18 September 1970, the Syrian government became involved in
468:
336:
7115:
1948 Arab-Israeli War and finally Syrian independence in 1949.
5877:
Armor depot of the 404th Armored Reg, 15th Special Forces Div.
5697:"Tiger Forces renamed and placed under command of Syrian Army"
4748:
3425:
3404:
2601:
The majority of Syrian military equipment was manufactured by
1261:
11913:
Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference
8528:
7782:
7532:
7404:
7175:
7170:
3601:
The Chief of the General Staff of the Army and Armed Forces (
3432:
2949:
2928:
Service weapons of the Syrian Arab Army consist of stocks of
2610:
1360:
1313:
813:
798:
777:
715:, the 35th in the south from the B'nat Ya'acov bridge to the
708:
688:
684:
592:
520:
81:
6235:
4851:
Watching Rebels Fight Among Themselves for the City of Raqqa
1417:
Richard Bennett's estimate of the 2001 order of battle was:
584:
In 1927, the force was augmented by North African infantry (
7522:
6958:, Middle East Intelligence Bulletin, August/September 2001.
6727:. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009).
5085:, Middle East Intelligence Bulletin, August/September 2001.
4693:"Israel sees Syrian army growing beyond pre-civil war size"
3618:
Rayiys hayyat al'arkan aleamat liljaysh walquaat almusalaha
2945:
2614:
2578:
2397:
1832:
1645:
1327:
1302:
1298:
1294:
862:
786:
680:
425:
91:
6165:"Syrian commandos begin long campaign to Jisr Al-Shughour"
5454:"Arab armies turn to women: An illusion or a new reality?"
4010:
3930:
3871:
2834:
Service uniforms for Syrian officers generally follow the
1491:, covers north of Damascus, to Homs and includes Lebanon.
707:
government deployed twelve of the sixteen brigades to the
4619:"DYNAMIC STALEMATE: SURVEYING SYRIA'S MILITARY LANDSCAPE"
3590:
2993:
2941:
2004:
Special Forces units formed during the Syrian Civil War:
1019:
838:
11918:
International recognition of the Syrian National Council
6066:
6064:
5376:"Four high-ranking jihadist commanders killed in Aleppo"
1842:
865:, killing and capturing suspected government opponents.
6881:
6779:"North Korean Type 73 GPMGs in Iraq, Syria & Yemen"
5959:"122nd Artillery regiment belongs to the 10th Division"
5778:"Syrian Army restores all lost points in Golan Heights"
5655:
Quicksilver War: Syria, Iraq and the Spiral of Conflict
4494:"Syrian Armed Forces Desertion Said to Surge to 60,000"
4196:
2932:-era arms. Main service pistols of the Syrian Army are
1799:
Light Infantry: 1,500 soldiers in 3 infantry battalions
622:
In August 1945, the Syrian Army was formed mainly from
7058:
International Institute for Strategic Studies (2010).
5191:"Rebuilding the Syrian Military: The Threat to Israel"
3942:
3883:
3859:
2818:
776:. Syrian armored units crossed the border and overran
10981:
National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change
6906:"Assad Appoints Pro-Russia General as Chief of Staff"
6292:"Understanding Syria's Military Deployments in Idlib"
6256:"Syria's Border Guards: From Auxiliary to Frontlines"
6085:"Understanding Syria's Military Deployments in Idlib"
6061:
3755:
772:
when it sent a reinforced armored brigade to aid the
6143:"Syria's Nusra seizes tanks, APCs from Assad's army"
4144:
3616:
2617:. Military equipment of the Syrian Army as of 2020:
1530:
there five special forces regiments in the Lebanon.
968:
Military equipment in April 2011 (including storage)
675:
had as one of its key objectives the seizure of the
419:
8620:
Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war
7081:. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press.
6556:Stijn Mitzer and Joost Oliemans (6 November 2016).
4738:
Syrian Revolution Coordinator's Union Facebook page
4612:
4610:
4208:
2823:
5657:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 183.
5567:
5432:"Assad's female fighters: Progress or propaganda?"
3903:
3012:. Until 2011, the procurement of large numbers of
1746:): 5,000–15,000 men in 5–6 brigades/regiments each
1359:In 2011, the majority of the Syrian military were
6888:Iran, Russia, Syria Inquiry & Analysis Series
6770:
5474:
5062:Syrian army prepares for post-conflict challenges
4806:. International Institute for Strategic Studies.
4727:Syrian Observatory for Human Rights Facebook page
4088:
4086:
3706:
11981:
5699:. Al-Masdar News. 29 August 2019. Archived from
4607:
1670:launchers, alternative designation SS-C-3 'Styx'
1414:doctrine of the army followed the Soviet model.
1282:has stayed close to its bases in Homs and Hama.
820:After 1970 further Syrian engagements included:
10178:Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict
10089:Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate
8672:International reactions to the Syrian civil war
1592:The IISS listed smaller formations in 2006 as:
8589:Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)
6652:
6502:ANALYSIS - Missile landscape of the Syrian war
6397:Игорь Январёв, Никита Голобоков (2019-04-20).
6373:
6289:
6253:
6218:
6189:
6082:
6041:
6012:
5956:
5909:
5853:
5829:"Syrian Army kicks off new operation in Daraa"
5801:
5541:
5515:
5403:
5363:Syria - The Special Forces and the Elite Units
5331:
5305:
5274:
4951:
4949:
4492:Emre, Peker; Abu-Nasr, Donna (15 March 2012).
4083:
4043:Elusive Victory: The Arab–Israeli Wars 1947–74
3607:رئيس هيئة الأركان العامة للجيش والقوات المسلحة
2839:camouflage uniforms. Among the camouflage are
2252:36th, 554th and 556th Special Forces Regiments
1718:
1623:Surface-to-surface Missile Command with three
1552:and missile production and launch facilities.
1170:Center for Strategic and International Studies
606:infantry and artillery units (both French and
8484:
7389:
7153:
7035:International Institute for Strategic Studies
6995:International Institute for Strategic Studies
6966:. Middle East@War Volume 1. Helion & Co.
6964:Syrian Conflagration: The Civil War 2011-2013
6882:O. Peri and H. Varulkar (23 September 2019).
5748:"Largest Syrian Brigade Nears Breaking Point"
4804:"Shades of Hama and Grozny in Homs and Idlib"
4685:
4468:"Syria's army weakened by growing desertions"
4442:"Free Syrian Army soldier: "We lack weapons""
4279:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4230:International Institute for Strategic Studies
4121:
4119:
3846:1948: A History of the First Arab–Israeli War
3373:
3079:
2151:35th, 44th and 127th Special Forces Regiments
1238:International Institute for Strategic Studies
956:International Institute for Strategic Studies
271:Syrian intervention in the Lebanese Civil War
9331:Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (Dec–Jan)
8728:2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria
8615:Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war
7079:Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness 1948–91
7062:. London, United Kingdom: Routledge / IISS.
6646:
6318:
5570:"The Fourth Division: Syria's parallel army"
5211:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4491:
3960:
3564:
3558:
3551:
3545:
3538:
3532:
3525:
3519:
3512:
3506:
3499:
3493:
3486:
3480:
3473:
3467:
3460:
3454:
3310:
3304:
3297:
3291:
3284:
3278:
3271:
3265:
3258:
3252:
3245:
3239:
3232:
3226:
3219:
3213:
3206:
3200:
3193:
3187:
3180:
3174:
812:Syrian anti-tank teams deployed French-made
36:
16:Land force branch of the Syrian Armed Forces
11871:Second Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal
9111:Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)
8677:Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war
6685:
6515:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6108:
5429:
5373:
5159:"The Syrian Army Doctrinal Order of Battle"
4946:
4225:
4223:
3967:. Princeton University Press. p. 228.
3908:. In Kreyenbroek, P. G.; Sperl, S. (eds.).
3830:Guerres mondiales et conflits contemporains
1663:One brigade with 4 SS-C-1B Sepal launchers,
1363:, but most of the military leadership were
1262:Roles of 3rd, 11th, 17th and 18th Divisions
573:or Circassian. After the repression of the
11866:First Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal
10815:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
10014:East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)
9775:East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)
8491:
8477:
7396:
7382:
7160:
7146:
7100:Out of the North an Evil shall break forth
6037:
6035:
4270:
4239:
4116:
3954:
3793:
3380:
3366:
3086:
3072:
2830:Syrian Armed Forces § Uniforms (1987)
1348:fighters act as combatants on the ground.
11746:International demonstrations and protests
9852:September Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack
9148:Rif Dimashq offensive (Nov 2012–Feb 2013)
6851:
6849:
5590:
5563:
5561:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5222:
4957:"Syria's military: what does Assad have?"
4931:
4929:
4927:
3730:
2940:. Main service assault rifles are Soviet
2055:15th, 112th and 132nd Mechanized Brigades
553:armies. This force was used primarily as
11892:Universal jurisdiction trials in Germany
10976:Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution
6863:(in Arabic). Ministry of Defence (Syria)
6829:"From Russia with Love, Syria's AK-74Ms"
6607:"From Russia with Love, Syria's AK-74Ms"
6580:
6578:
6558:"Photo Report: The Syrian Arab Army (1)"
6551:
6549:
6547:
6545:
6506:
6314:
6312:
6214:
6212:
5568:Abdullah Alghadawi (24 September 2021).
5511:
5509:
5507:
5505:
5503:
5501:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5270:
5268:
5266:
4860:, SyriaDeeply.org Beta, October 2, 2013.
4660:
4581:
4254:. Agence France-Presse. 27 August 2013.
4220:
4080:van Dam, 2011, p.104, via Holliday 2013.
3838:
2992:. The most widely used machine guns are
2588:
2572:
2098:88th, 90th and 121st Mechanized Brigades
1986:555th Special Forces (Airborne) Regiment
1570:with four Coastal Defense Battalions in
1397:
1328:Relationship with National Defense Force
1265:
1223:
911:The 9th Armoured Division served in the
898:
816:ATGMs during the war in Lebanon in 1982.
807:
634:to the Presbyterian mission hospital at
561:mainly consisted former officers of the
547:French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
531:cavalry of the Troupes spéciales (1941).
519:
8956:Rif Dimashq clashes (Nov 2011-Mar 2012)
8723:US intervention in the Syrian civil war
8092:Popular Front for Change and Liberation
7076:
6799:"Syrian army general's weapons request"
6776:
6032:
5301:
5299:
5297:
5264:
5262:
5260:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5094:Library of Congress Country Study Syria
5010:
5008:
4939:was invoked but never defined (see the
4168:
4016:
3948:
3936:
3889:
3877:
3865:
3761:
2972:sniper rifles and derivatives like the
2366:131st, 134th and 167th Armored Brigades
2181:57th, 58th and 68th Mechanized Brigades
1660:Three coastal defense missile brigades
868:Syrian forces fought Israel during the
11982:
10360:Northwestern offensive (Dec 19–Mar 20)
9638:Northwestern Syria offensive (Oct–Nov)
6961:
6846:
6738:
6717:
6705:from the original on 10 September 2017
6462:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
6241:
6070:
5652:
5558:
5219:
5143:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
5059:
4924:
4777:Official Journal of the European Union
4616:
4409:
4355:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4150:
4056:Asad: The Struggle for the Middle East
3822:
3591:Chief of the General Staff of the Army
2593:Syrian artillery soldiers manning the
2212:48th and 53rd Special Forces Regiments
1320:in early 2012. Following the reported
1291:Official Journal of the European Union
797:there, and continued directly towards
724:confusion during the initial assault.
11861:Idlib demilitarization (2018–present)
11631:
11361:
10787:
10648:April 2014 Jordanian border airstrike
10468:Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict
10208:Southern Damascus offensive (Apr–May)
10173:Southern Damascus offensive (Jan–Feb)
10084:Northwestern campaign (Oct 17–Feb 18)
10074:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Sep 17–Mar 18)
8789:
8510:
8472:
8100:Political status of the Golan Heights
7377:
7360:Syria and weapons of mass destruction
7141:
7102:, Tel-Aviv: Contento de Semrik, 2014.
6997:(2019). "The Military Balance 2019".
6575:
6542:
6309:
6209:
6102:
5775:
5498:
5475:Paul Antonopoulos (22 January 2017).
5351:
4979:
4749:Local Coordination Committees website
4412:"Free Syrian Army grows in influence"
4094:"Syria's Praetorian Guards: A Primer"
3981:from the original on 31 December 2013
3901:
3895:
3437:
2562:
2178:61st, 91st and 153rd Armored Brigades
2123:34th, 43rd and 701st Armored Brigades
1843:Units reporting to the Chief of Staff
756:under the command of Assad's brother
664:then held power until deposed in the
10986:Syrian Revolution General Commission
10726:January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria
9505:Second Battle of the Shaer gas field
8708:Turkish occupation of northern Syria
8498:
7057:
7033:
6993:
6809:from the original on 11 October 2017
6758:from the original on 19 October 2017
6422:
6254:Gregory Waters (25 September 2019).
6145:. Middle East Eye. December 20, 2014
5653:Harris, William (2018). "Glossary".
5306:Gregory Waters (12 September 2022).
5294:
5243:
5182:
5014:
5005:
4993:from the original on 21 January 2017
4801:
4703:from the original on 11 January 2019
4315:
4285:"Syrian defections hurt army morale"
4252:"Syria's diminished security forces"
4214:
4202:
4045:, MacDonald and Jane's, London, 1978
2980:. Army has also modern snipers like
2924:List of equipment of the Syrian Army
2902:. The Syrian military also provides
2569:List of equipment of the Syrian Army
2452:
2273:20th, 65th and 81st Armored Brigades
2080:76th, 85th and 88th Armored Brigades
2015:25th Special Mission Forces Division
1822:
1478:and elsewhere in the Golan Heights.
1393:
1162:
974:List of equipment of the Syrian Army
447:and the August 1949 coup by Colonel
11943:Syrian civil war in popular culture
11836:UN Security Council Resolution 2118
9765:Northern Aleppo offensive (Mar–Jun)
9455:Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb–Jul)
9438:First Battle of the Shaer gas field
6399:"Как Россия меняет Сирийскую армию"
6219:Gregory Waters (20 November 2019).
6190:Gregory Waters (20 November 2019).
6013:Gregory Waters (20 November 2022).
5910:Gregory Waters (8 September 2023).
4934:
4582:Wikstrom, Cajsa (9 February 2011).
4127:"Is the Syrian Army Falling Apart?"
4001:Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars
3606:
3559:
3546:
3533:
3520:
3507:
3494:
3481:
3468:
3455:
3305:
3292:
3279:
3266:
3253:
3240:
3227:
3214:
3201:
3188:
3175:
2819:Uniforms, weapons and rank insignia
2354:121st and 123rd Artillery Regiments
1762:105 IFVs in 3 mechanized battalions
1739:): 50,000 men in 3–4 divisions each
1178:Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
1153:Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
1129:Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
962:
954:In 2009 and 2010, according to the
793:, destroyed a company of Jordanian
610:). The whole force constituted the
409:
166:
37:
13:
11846:2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement
11037:Authenticity and Development Front
10711:2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown
10706:December 2011 Turkish border clash
10497:Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes
9954:Southwestern Daraa offensive (Feb)
9867:Western al-Bab offensive (Oct–Nov)
9725:Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Feb–Mar)
8993:December Jabal al-Zawiya massacres
8764:Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria
8718:Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria
8605:Casualties of the Syrian civil war
7403:
7295:Air Force Intelligence Directorate
7111:, Infantry Magazine, Nov-Dec 2005.
6948:
6673:from the original on 22 April 2014
6374:Gregory Waters (31 January 2021).
5990:. 18 February 2018. Archived from
5776:Fadel, Leith (12 September 2016).
5734:"SAA's 59th Battalion (Commandos)"
5404:Loveday Morris (22 January 2013).
4410:Atassi, Basma (16 November 2011).
3910:The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview
3775:http://www.jstor.org/stable/164539
3703:The Military Balance 2023 page 354
3621:) is the professional head of the
3597:Chief of the General Staff (Syria)
2917:
2774:self-propelled air-defense systems
2558:103rd and 148th Artillery Brigades
2326:89th and 135th Artillery Regiments
1322:capture of Raqqa on 3–6 March 2013
1103:self-propelled air-defense systems
14:
12006:
10736:Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident
10677:Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut
10630:April 2014 Iraqi border airstrike
10198:Northern Homs offensive (Apr–May)
10183:Southern Damascus offensive (Mar)
9924:Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)
9790:May Jableh & Tartous bombings
9740:February Sayyidah Zaynab bombings
9705:Second Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin
9658:East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)
9045:Idlib Governorate operation (Apr)
8713:Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone
7317:Military Intelligence Directorate
7119:
6725:Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010
6659:. Osprey Publishing. p. 58.
5518:"Current Syrian Army Deployments"
4290:Independent Online (South Africa)
4163:Near East and South Asia Analysis
4098:Middle East Intelligence Bulletin
3848:, p. 251. Yale University Press.
2743:anti-tank guided weapon launchers
2734:self-propelled anti-aircraft guns
2282:14th and 67th Artillery Regiments
2227:18th and 62nd Mechanized Brigades
2154:404th and 405th Armored Regiments
1782:31 IFVs in 1 mechanized battalion
1779:105 Tanks in 3 armored battalions
1063:anti-tank guided weapon launchers
1054:self-propelled anti-aircraft guns
774:Palestine Liberation Organization
11964:
11963:
11680:2017 Northern regional elections
11312:Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria
10923:Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition
10788:
10438:Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah
10335:Turkish offensive into northeast
10315:Northwestern offensive (Apr–Aug)
10203:Eastern Qalamoun offensive (Apr)
9872:Khan al-Shih offensive (Oct–Nov)
9715:January Sayyidah Zaynab bombings
8983:Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush
8864:2010s in Syria political history
8610:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
7781:
7300:General Intelligence Directorate
7169:
6898:
6875:
6821:
6791:
6617:
6599:
6495:
6470:
6431:
6416:
6390:
6367:
6337:
6290:Gregory Waters (12 March 2019).
6283:
6269:
6247:
6183:
6157:
6135:
6083:Gregory Waters (12 March 2019).
6076:
6006:
5976:
5950:
5940:
5929:
5903:
5892:
5881:
5456:. The New Arab. 17 November 2021
5374:Leith Fadel (23 November 2016).
4935:Cite error: The named reference
4100:. Vol. 2 No. 7 (5 August 2000).
3905:"The Kurds in Syria and Lebanon"
3645:
3440:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3350:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3056:
2824:Uniforms and personnel equipment
2532:
2377:
2332:
2307:
2239:
2206:144th and 145th Armored Brigades
2138:
2110:
2008:
1953:
1910:
1848:
1228:Syrian Army soldiers during the
849:in 1979–1982. In March 1980 the
135:
74:
48:
11876:Syrian Constitutional Committee
11222:International Freedom Battalion
10820:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
10218:Deir ez-Zor offensive (May–Jun)
10168:Rif Dimashq offensive (Feb–Apr)
10114:Battle of Deir ez-Zor (Sep–Nov)
9969:East Aleppo offensive (Jan–Apr)
9944:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan–Feb)
9934:Desert campaign (Dec 16–Apr 17)
9800:Rif Dimashq offensive (Jun–Oct)
9780:Rif Dimashq offensive (Apr–May)
9720:Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb)
9588:Battle of Nasib Border Crossing
9470:Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug–Nov)
9316:Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep–Nov)
9247:Rif Dimashq offensive (Mar–Aug)
9116:Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug-Oct)
8951:Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)
8926:June Jisr ash-Shughur operation
7349:Military Security Shield Forces
7089:28, no. 2 (Fall 2003): 149-191.
7043:. Routledge. pp. 311–312.
6935:
6926:
6912:. Zaman Al Wasl. 19 April 2019.
6835:from the original on 2019-02-06
6635:from the original on 2013-03-30
6531:from the original on 2017-02-02
6445:from the original on 2016-02-02
6319:Al-Jabassini, Abdullah (2019).
6171:from the original on 2016-04-30
6042:Gregory Waters (27 July 2019).
5957:Gregory Waters (27 July 2019).
5870:
5854:Gregory Waters (8 April 2023).
5847:
5821:
5795:
5784:from the original on 2016-09-13
5769:
5758:from the original on 2013-06-07
5740:
5726:
5715:
5689:
5671:
5646:
5621:
5615:"Harakat al-Nujaba': Interview"
5607:
5584:
5542:Gregory Waters (29 June 2022).
5535:
5487:from the original on 2017-02-02
5468:
5446:
5423:
5397:
5386:from the original on 2017-02-16
5367:
5325:
5275:Gregory Waters (18 July 2019).
5171:from the original on 2013-11-01
5151:
5126:from the original on 2012-03-08
5106:
5097:
5088:
5068:
5053:
5035:
4913:from the original on 2013-06-01
4899:
4888:from the original on 2016-01-02
4872:
4863:
4843:
4830:
4821:
4810:from the original on 2012-06-27
4795:
4784:from the original on 2013-05-22
4761:
4715:
4673:from the original on 2015-04-07
4661:Sherlock, Ruth (7 April 2015).
4654:
4642:from the original on 2015-04-02
4638:. Syria Direct. 30 March 2015.
4628:
4598:
4584:"Syria: 'A kingdom of silence'"
4575:
4564:from the original on 2013-06-15
4546:
4530:. 9 August 2012. Archived from
4516:
4504:from the original on 2013-09-21
4485:
4474:from the original on 2015-10-01
4460:
4448:from the original on 2013-10-20
4444:. France 24. 18 November 2011.
4434:
4422:from the original on 2014-01-17
4403:
4391:from the original on 2013-11-16
4363:
4338:from the original on 2016-02-02
4324:
4309:
4297:from the original on 2013-12-09
4258:from the original on 2014-07-14
4181:
4156:
4133:from the original on 2014-01-16
4104:from the original on 2012-07-04
4074:
4061:
4048:
4031:
4022:
3993:
3796:The Western Political Quarterly
3686:from the original on 2016-03-24
2847:; a locally-made copies of the
2796:medium-range ballistic missiles
1811:): 300–500 men in 4–5 companies
1765:41 Tanks in 1 armored battalion
1377:Bashar al-Assad's brother Maher
1354:
1270:Syrian Army soldiers after the
535:In 1919, the French formed the
467:. It has fought four wars with
10731:Assassination of Andrei Karlov
10601:May 2018 Israel–Iran incidents
10300:ISIL insurgency in Deir-ez-Zor
10044:Southern Raqqa offensive (Jun)
9847:September Deir ez-Zor air raid
9837:Western al-Bab offensive (Sep)
9795:Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Jun)
9785:Northern Raqqa offensive (May)
9673:Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown
7312:Political Security Directorate
6984:Institute for the Study of War
6777:Richter, Ali (16 March 2016).
6653:Gordon Rottman (27 May 1993).
6351:. 20 June 2017. Archived from
5802:Gregory Waters (12 May 2019).
5516:Gregory Waters (12 May 2020).
5332:Gregory Waters (6 June 2019).
4963:. 6 April 2011. Archived from
3787:
3767:
3697:
3670:
2751:multiple launch rocket systems
2581:of the Syrian Army during the
2461:5th Corps (Syrian rebel group)
2320:60th and 67th Armored Brigades
2295:33rd and 47th Armored Brigades
2230:51st and 58th Armored Brigades
2029:Independent Artillery Regiment
1071:multiple launch rocket systems
683:military campaign against the
1:
11675:2017 Northern local elections
11665:2015 Northern local elections
11027:National Front for Liberation
10964:Local Coordination Committees
10512:Northern Aleppo clashes (Oct)
10350:Israeli missile strikes (Nov)
9994:Khan Shaykhun chemical attack
9291:Khan al-Assal chemical attack
9087:18 July 2012 Damascus bombing
8901:Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb
8686:Specific groups and countries
8511:
7268:Syrian Special Mission Forces
7263:Syrian Public Security Police
7011:10.1080/04597222.2018.1561033
6956:The Syrian Military: A Primer
6109:Leith Fadel (22 March 2017).
5831:. May 8, 2020. Archived from
5634:. Central Intelligence Agency
5076:The Syrian Military: A Primer
4884:. YouTube. 22 November 2013.
4802:Boyd, Henry (12 March 2012).
4178:, Bantam Books, 1993, 467–69.
3640:
2547:Defenders of Aleppo Battalion
2129:467th Special Forces Regiment
1943:147th Special Forces Regiment
1251:As of mid-2018, then-Israeli
1190:18 July 2012 Damascus bombing
1110:
445:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état
11938:2015 European migrant crisis
11212:Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
10104:Euphrates Crossing offensive
9598:Western al-Hasakah offensive
9558:Eastern al-Hasakah offensive
9426:Qalamoun offensive (Jun–Aug)
9182:Quneitra Governorate clashes
8921:Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh
8849:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
8790:
8598:Effects and ongoing concerns
8240:Energy and mineral resources
8040:Supreme Constitutional Court
7077:Pollack, Kenneth M. (2002).
6754:(in French). 20 March 2017.
6521:"Uniforms and Rank Insignia"
5430:Sarah Leduc (2 April 2015).
4617:Lister, Charles (May 2014).
2960:. Main service carbines are
2553:Lions of al-Shahba Battalion
2351:54th Special Forces Regiment
2258:
2247:14th Special Forces Division
2163:
2146:15th Special Forces Division
2086:45th Special Forces Regiment
2040:
2026:Independent Armored Regiment
1940:93rd Special Forces Regiment
1937:47th Special Forces Regiment
1931:124th Special Forces Brigade
1928:123rd Special Forces Brigade
903:A Syrian colonel during the
763:
617:
515:
497:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
7:
11826:U.S.–Russia peace proposals
11781:Syrian government reactions
11771:Status of the Golan Heights
11766:Sectarianism and minorities
11690:2020 parliamentary election
11670:2016 parliamentary election
11655:2012 parliamentary election
11632:
11590:Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid
11490:Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni
11337:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
11196:Northern Democratic Brigade
11052:Muslim Brotherhood in Syria
11047:Revolutionary Commando Army
10928:Popular Mobilization Forces
10716:2012 Turkish border clashes
10305:Dêrik prison escape attempt
9710:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan)
9663:2015–2016 Latakia offensive
9633:Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep)
9628:Palmyra offensive (Jul–Aug)
9515:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Dec)
9500:Second Inter-Rebel Conflict
9276:Bayda and Baniyas massacres
8584:Sectarianism and minorities
8559:Syrian government reactions
8262:Water supply and sanitation
8162:Weapons of mass destruction
8065:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
4470:. Reuters. 1 January 2012.
3617:
3565:
3552:
3539:
3526:
3513:
3500:
3487:
3474:
3461:
3311:
3298:
3285:
3272:
3259:
3246:
3233:
3220:
3207:
3194:
3181:
1996:Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba
1719:Basic structure until 2011:
1474:& observation posts on
1230:siege of Nubl and al-Zahraa
559:Troupes spéciales du Levant
538:Troupes spéciales du Levant
420:
370:Abdul Karim Mahmoud Ibrahim
10:
12011:
11821:Lakhdar Brahimi peace plan
11695:2021 presidential election
11660:2014 presidential election
11362:
10906:medical facility targeting
10762:Deir ez-Zor missile strike
10721:2013 Reyhanlı car bombings
10640:Jordanian border incidents
10285:Idlib inter-rebel conflict
10223:As-Suwayda offensive (Jun)
10099:Eastern campaign (Sep–Dec)
9887:Aleppo offensive (Nov-Dec)
9857:Aleppo offensive (Sep–Oct)
9827:Operation Euphrates Shield
9755:Battle of Maarrat al-Numan
9643:Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)
9568:Battle of Sarrin (Jun–Jul)
9563:Battle of Sarrin (Mar–Apr)
9510:Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin
9359:First Inter-rebel conflict
9321:Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)
9230:Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)
9133:Battle of Maarrat al-Numan
8157:Chief of the General Staff
8085:National Progressive Front
7757:independent First Republic
6701:(in French). 30 May 2017.
5591:Tal Beeri (27 July 2023).
5193:. INSS Tel Aviv University
4909:. Reuters. 21 April 2013.
4699:. Reuters. 8 August 2018.
4007:Men-at-Arms 194, 1988, 13.
3594:
3336:
3042:
3023:
2921:
2827:
2804:supersonic cruise missiles
2783:tactical ballistic missile
2642:armored personnel carriers
2638:infantry fighting vehicles
2624:armoured fighting vehicles
2566:
2544:Lions of al-Quds Battalion
2458:
1617:Two independent Anti-tank
1078:tactical ballistic missile
1003:armored personnel carriers
999:infantry fighting vehicles
985:armoured fighting vehicles
971:
847:Islamist uprising in Syria
510:
501:Islamist uprising in Syria
362:Chief of the General Staff
290:Islamist uprising in Syria
18:
11959:
11900:
11884:
11789:
11703:
11642:
11638:
11627:
11368:
11357:
11296:
11283:Group of the One and Only
11263:Military activity of ISIL
11253:
11244:
11204:
11156:People's Protection Units
11146:
11138:Smaller political parties
11118:
11109:Autonomous Administration
11107:
11065:
11009:
10949:
10940:
10874:
10866:Palestine Liberation Army
10838:
10805:
10798:
10794:
10783:
10754:
10695:
10656:
10638:
10609:
10580:
10569:
10530:
10476:
10422:
10399:Idlib Governorate clashes
10373:
10325:Hass refugee camp bombing
10261:
10213:Deir ez-Zor clashes (Apr)
10134:
10049:Jobar offensive (Jun–Aug)
10024:Maskanah Plains offensive
10019:Desert campaign (May–Jul)
9949:Daraa offensive (Feb–Jun)
9900:
9681:
9523:
9421:Second siege of Wadi Deif
9416:Kafr Zita chemical attack
9381:Daraa offensive (Feb–May)
9339:
9252:Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl
9195:
9001:
8988:Idlib Governorate clashes
8973:Daraa Governorate clashes
8941:Jabal al-Zawiya operation
8872:
8802:
8798:
8785:
8756:
8685:
8664:
8628:
8597:
8521:
8517:
8506:
8435:
8356:
8283:
8274:
8232:
8183:
8174:
8125:
7940:
7931:
7892:
7841:
7803:
7799:
7790:
7779:
7711:
7694:
7596:
7488:
7442:
7424:
7415:
7357:
7325:
7280:
7243:
7183:
7060:The Military Balance 2010
7040:The Military Balance 2011
5015:Lund, Aron (2022-05-23).
4234:The Military Balance 2010
3663:Federal Research Division
3574:
3557:
3544:
3531:
3518:
3505:
3492:
3479:
3466:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3347:
3342:
3339:
3322:non-commissioned officers
3303:
3290:
3277:
3264:
3251:
3238:
3225:
3212:
3199:
3186:
3173:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3053:
3048:
3045:
2435:Unknown Regiment (likely
2157:176th Artillery Battalion
1898:152nd Mechanized Regiment
1895:151th Mechanized Regiment
1375:, which are commanded by
770:Black September in Jordan
489:Black September in Jordan
421:al-Jayš al-ʿArabī as-Sūrī
360:
345:
330:
325:
312:Operation Grapes of Wrath
223:
215:
177:
171:Guardians of the Homeland
157:
147:
130:
107:
97:
87:
69:
59:
47:
38:
35:
30:
11273:Khalid ibn al-Walid Army
11217:Kurdistan Workers' Party
11161:Women's Protection Units
11133:Kurdish National Council
10582:Israel and Golan Heights
10453:Battle of Qamishli (Apr)
10295:Battle of Baghuz Fawqani
10054:Quneitra offensive (Jun)
10009:April Turkish airstrikes
9984:Hama offensive (Mar–Apr)
9817:Southern Aleppo campaign
9760:Battle of Qamishli (Apr)
9653:Homs offensive (Nov-Dec)
9623:Quneitra offensive (Jun)
9553:Southern Syria Offensive
9187:Talbiseh bakery massacre
9138:First siege of Wadi Deif
9128:Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz
9025:January al-Midan bombing
8757:Agreements and dialogues
8738:Syrian Democratic Forces
7253:Law enforcement in Syria
7225:Syrian Air Defense Force
6919:
4987:"Background Note: Syria"
4725:, December 2011, p. 36;
4624:. Brookings Doha Center.
4193:, 29 September 2004, 31.
3043:General / flag officers
3019:
2843:, Syrian Leaf patterns,
2812:unmanned aerial vehicles
2728:self-propelled howitzers
2719:self-propelled artillery
2660:(including in storage):
2627:(including in storage):
2583:Operation Damascus Steel
2459:Not to be confused with
2369:120th Mechanized Brigade
2345:137th Mechanized Brigade
2233:122nd Artillery Regiment
2222:10th Mechanized Division
2193:167th Anti-tank Regiment
2190:141st Artillery Regiment
2067:175th Artillery Regiment
1980:154th Artillery Regiment
1977:138th Mechanized Brigade
1934:135th Mechanized Brigade
1925:106th Mechanized Brigade
1886:107th Artillery Regiment
1883:105th Mechanized Brigade
1860:100th Artillery Regiment
1792:More than 20 Regiments (
1522:10th Mechanized Division
1048:self-propelled howitzers
1039:self-propelled artillery
988:(including in storage):
731:during this period. The
451:, and one each in 1951,
19:Not to be confused with
11751:International reactions
11736:Human rights violations
11227:Sinjar Resistance Units
11186:Syriac Military Council
11176:Army of Revolutionaries
11111:of North and East Syria
10971:Syrian National Council
10825:Arab Socialist Movement
10746:Operation Spring Shield
10687:Qalamoun (Jul–Aug 2017)
10667:Lebanese border clashes
10561:Northern border clashes
10522:Northwest clashes (Dec)
10502:Jabal al-Bishrī clashes
10404:Kafr-Takharim airstrike
10253:Northern border clashes
9974:March Damascus bombings
9939:Idlib clashes (Jan–Mar)
9892:Palmyra offensive (Dec)
9770:Palmyra offensive (Mar)
9603:Palmyra offensive (May)
9448:Battle of Tabqa Airbase
9443:Eastern Syria offensive
9326:Battle of al-Yaarubiyah
7667:Principality of Antioch
7232:National Defence Forces
6425:"Syrian Army equipment"
6223:. Middle East Institute
5572:. Middle East Institute
4989:. US State Department.
4604:Holliday, 2013, 11, 12.
4385:Deutsche Presse-Agentur
4318:"Syrian Army equipment"
3026:Military ranks of Syria
2968:. Syrian Army uses the
2648:reconnaissance vehicles
2516:86th Infantry Battalion
2513:79th Infantry Battalion
2396:6th Regiment (Southern
2372:64th Artillery Regiment
2323:87th Mechanized Brigade
2301:45th Artillery Regiment
2298:45th Mechanized Brigade
2276:21st Mechanized Brigade
2187:165th Artillery Brigade
2126:52nd Mechanized Brigade
2093:7th Mechanized Division
2083:55th Mechanized Brigade
2064:59th Commando Battalion
2050:5th Mechanized Division
1992:Al-Imam Hussein Brigade
1989:666th Infantry Regiment
1983:333rd Infantry Regiment
1866:102nd Security Regiment
1863:101st Security Regiment
1749:More than 40 Brigades (
1697:4th Mechanized Division
1516:4th Mechanized Division
1450:7th Mechanized Division
1404:Operation Desert Shield
875:In 1984, Major General
701:1966 Syrian coup d'etat
673:1963 Syrian coup d'état
666:1954 Syrian coup d'etat
487:) and one with Jordan (
241:First Iraqi–Kurdish War
11928:Syrian detainee report
11814:UN supervision mission
11804:Friends of Syria Group
11726:Damaged heritage sites
11128:Democratic Union Party
11080:Jordanian intervention
11001:Syrian Patriotic Group
10830:Syrian Communist Party
10741:2020 Balyun airstrikes
10596:February 2018 incident
10243:Qamishli clashes (Sep)
10158:Operation Olive Branch
9999:Shayrat missile strike
9832:Aleppo summer campaign
9822:Battle of al-Rai (Aug)
9735:February Homs bombings
9593:Battle of Yarmouk Camp
9583:Second Battle of Idlib
9296:Khan al-Assal massacre
9259:Ghouta chemical attack
8641:Early insurgency phase
8208:International rankings
7854:Anti-Lebanon Mountains
7518:Middle Assyrian Empire
7093:Department of the Army
7086:International Security
6656:Armies of the Gulf War
5022:The Century Foundation
4176:It Doesn't Take A Hero
3912:. Routledge. pp.
3844:Morris, Benny (2008),
2964:and copies of Belgian
2759:surface-to-air missile
2688:towed artillery pieces
2598:
2586:
2524:3rd Infantry Battalion
2215:826th Coastal Regiment
2184:171st Infantry Brigade
2132:89th Artillery Brigade
2104:70th Artillery Brigade
2061:38th Infantry Brigade
1922:102nd Commando Brigade
1892:109th Armored Regiment
1889:108th Armored Regiment
1407:
1388:Arab Nationalist Guard
1334:National Defense Force
1275:
1272:2016 Palmyra offensive
1232:
1204:
1088:surface-to-air missile
1012:towed artillery pieces
936:On 29 September 2004,
908:
833:(1975–1990), (against
817:
532:
305:Operation Desert Storm
11933:Syrian media coverage
11809:Kofi Annan peace plan
11232:Êzîdxan Women's Units
11181:SDF military councils
10911:military intervention
10884:Hezbollah involvement
10839:Military and militias
10682:North Lebanon clashes
10443:Missile strikes (Jan)
10330:Missile strikes (Aug)
10248:Missile strikes (Sep)
10193:Missile strikes (Apr)
10188:Douma chemical attack
10039:Daraa offensive (Jun)
9730:Al-Shaddadi offensive
9668:Tishrin Dam offensive
9548:Daraa Offensive (Jan)
9543:Air Force An-26 crash
9485:Daraa offensive (Oct)
9369:Deir ez-Zor offensive
9235:Battle of Raqqa (Mar)
9035:First Battle of Idlib
8859:Human rights in Syria
8733:Kurdish Area in Syria
8549:Background and causes
8013:Government ministries
7563:Neo-Babylonian Empire
7305:Internal Branch - 251
6859:[Main logo].
6196:Middle East Institute
5683:Middle East Institute
5312:Middle East Institute
5281:Middle East Institute
5064:. Janes´s. p. 4.
4190:Jane's Defence Weekly
3961:Hanna Batatu (1999).
3902:Vanly, I. C. (1992).
3740:. CIA. Archived from
3320:The rank insignia of
3032:commissioned officers
3030:The rank insignia of
2986:Heckler & Koch G3
2669:≈ 2500 logistics and
2592:
2576:
2505:2nd Infantry Regiment
2502:1st Infantry Regiment
2361:18th Armored Division
2340:17th Reserve Division
2315:11th Armored Division
2279:155th Missile Brigade
2209:73rd Infantry Brigade
2035:16th Storming Brigade
2020:26th Infantry Brigade
1960:4th Armoured Division
1692:Protecting Damascus:
1630:(each with three SSM
1510:11th Armored Division
1430:, which covered from
1401:
1287:18th Armored Division
1280:11th Armored Division
1269:
1227:
1199:
938:Jane's Defence Weekly
922:Jane's Defence Weekly
913:1991 Persian Gulf War
902:
811:
651:1948 Arab–Israeli War
644:1948 Arab–Israeli War
598:French Foreign Legion
523:
434:local military forces
231:1948 Arab–Israeli War
199:: Green, Black, Khaki
54:Syrian Arab Army Flag
11841:Geneva II conference
11799:Arab League monitors
11776:Spillover in Lebanon
11685:2018 local elections
11650:2011 local elections
11430:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
11191:Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa
11017:Syrian National Army
10991:Syrian Support Group
10517:Operation Claw-Sword
10492:Battle of al-Hasakah
10238:As-Suwayda (Aug-Nov)
10079:Hama offensive (Sep)
9929:January Azaz bombing
9842:5 September bombings
9613:Tell Abyad offensive
9411:Battle of Al-Malihah
9311:Battle of Tell Abyad
9306:Battle of Ras al-Ayn
9057:May Battle of Rastan
8854:Damascus Declaration
8698:Russian intervention
8656:Syrian peace process
8646:2012–2013 escalation
8629:Phases and processes
8569:Inter-rebel conflict
8554:Syrian peace process
8325:(2011–present)
8221:Securities Exchange
7972:Council of Ministers
7727:Haj Fadel Government
7258:Ministry of Interior
6962:Cooper, Tom (2015).
6954:Richard M. Bennett,
6831:. 19 February 2015.
6784:armamentresearch.com
6296:International Review
6244:, p. 13, 18-19.
6167:. 20 February 2016.
6089:International Review
5522:International Review
5074:Richard M. Bennett,
5060:Ripley, Tim (2017).
4780:. 15 November 2011.
4758:, November 15, 2012.
4747:, February 7, 2012;
4736:, January 24, 2012;
4174:Norman Schwarzkopf,
3738:"CIA World Factbook"
3714:"The World Factbook"
3693:– via YouTube.
2671:all-terrain vehicles
2665:military engineering
2550:Deterrence Battalion
2521:7th Assault Brigade
2510:6th Assault Brigade
2499:5th Assault Brigade
2489:4th Assault Brigade
2481:3rd Assault Brigade
2467:1st Assault Brigade
2437:Lebanon-Syria border
2348:93rd Armored Brigade
2289:8th Armored Division
2268:3rd Armored Division
2200:2nd Armored Division
2173:1st Armored Division
2118:9th Armored Division
2101:78th Armored Brigade
2074:6th Armored Division
2058:12th Armored Brigade
1974:42nd Armored Brigade
1971:41st Armored Brigade
1968:40th Armored Brigade
1965:38th Armored Brigade
1905:Lionesses of Defense
1705:4th Armored Division
1673:One brigade with 6+
1504:3rd Armored Division
1498:1st Armored Division
1472:signals intelligence
1462:9th Armored Division
1456:8th Armored Division
1444:6th Armored Division
1438:5th Armored Division
1373:4th Armored Division
1297:. Henry Boyd of the
851:3rd Armored Division
737:3rd Armored Division
699:. There was another
21:Syrian National Army
11731:Foreign involvement
11610:Abdurrahman Mustafa
11565:Yassin al-Haj Saleh
11530:Abdul Halim Khaddam
11042:Army of Free Tribes
11010:Opposition militias
10901:Russian involvement
10889:Iranian involvement
10846:Syrian Armed Forces
10625:Operation al-Shabah
10591:March 2017 incident
10310:Tell Rifaat clashes
10126:Beit Jinn offensive
10119:Abu Kamal offensive
10059:Idlib clashes (Jul)
10029:East Hama offensive
9750:Battle of Tel Abyad
9490:Al-Safira offensive
9480:Homs school bombing
9269:Battle of al-Qusayr
9264:Al-Qusayr offensive
9067:Battle of al-Haffah
9040:Battle of al-Qusayr
8916:May Talkalakh siege
8824:Corrective Movement
8703:Turkish involvement
8693:Russian involvement
8001:Golan Heights claim
7558:Neo-Assyrian Empire
7553:Syro-Hittite states
7443:Prehistorical Syria
7198:Syrian Armed Forces
7193:Ministry of Defense
6910:The Syrian Observer
6613:. 19 February 2015.
6525:Library of Congress
6123:on 21 February 2019
5835:on January 17, 2021
5617:. 5 September 2018.
4667:The Daily Telegraph
3623:Syrian Armed Forces
2914:and ShMS-41 masks.
2529:8th Assault Brigade
2478:2nd Assault Brigade
2405:Jordan-Syria border
2384:Border Guard Forces
1666:One brigade with 6
649:At the time of the
575:Great Syrian Revolt
430:Syrian Armed Forces
410:الجيش العربي السوري
347:Minister of Defense
236:Reprisal operations
142:Syrian Armed Forces
65:1971 (current form)
39:الجيش العربي السوري
11550:Ali Mahmoud Othman
10996:Adopt a Revolution
10959:National Coalition
10951:Interim government
10551:Damascus airstrike
10458:US airstrike (Jun)
10448:US airstrike (Feb)
10414:Deir ez-Zor ambush
10355:Qah missile strike
10233:As-Suwayda attacks
10228:Southern offensive
10069:Qalamoun (Jul–Aug)
9979:Al-Jinah airstrike
9745:Khanasir offensive
9465:Quneitra offensive
9225:Damascus offensive
9220:Battle of Shadadeh
9082:Battle of Damascus
9072:Al-Qubeir massacre
9050:Battle of Taftanaz
8961:Battle of Zabadani
8252:Telecommunications
8245:Petroleum industry
7749:Mandatory Republic
7695:Early modern Syria
7450:Levantine corridor
7344:Popular Committees
6990:until Cooper 2015.
6723:Jones, Richard D.
6423:Security, Global.
6349:Al-Dorar al-Shamia
5081:2012-06-29 at the
4881:Iran's Secret Army
4856:2013-10-29 at the
4754:2013-04-10 at the
4743:2012-07-18 at the
4732:2014-03-13 at the
4723:Human Rights Watch
4387:. 1 October 2011.
4316:Security, Global.
4205:, p. 272–273.
4129:. matthewaid.com.
4067:Nikolaos van Dam,
4019:, p. 476–478.
3939:, p. 459–460.
3880:, p. 457–458.
3780:2022-01-16 at the
3631:commander-in-chief
3627:President of Syria
3326:enlisted personnel
2710:anti-aircraft guns
2599:
2587:
2563:Military equipment
1946:Artillery Regiment
1550:biological warfare
1408:
1276:
1233:
1139:or the website of
1030:anti-aircraft guns
909:
831:Lebanese Civil War
818:
624:Army of the Levant
612:Army of the Levant
543:Army of the Levant
533:
392:), officially the
332:President of Syria
266:Lebanese Civil War
167:حُمَاةَ الدِّيَارِ
11995:Armies by country
11990:Military of Syria
11977:
11976:
11955:
11954:
11951:
11950:
11908:Exclusive mandate
11885:War crimes trials
11856:2016 Geneva talks
11623:
11622:
11615:Fadlallah al-Haji
11570:Bouthaina Shaaban
11353:
11352:
11349:
11348:
11345:
11344:
11240:
11239:
11171:Al-Sanadid Forces
11166:Anti-Terror Units
11103:
11102:
10936:
10935:
10851:Syrian Resistance
10807:Politics of Syria
10779:
10778:
10775:
10774:
10771:
10770:
10546:Al-Sukhnah attack
10507:Jarqli airstrikes
10389:COVID-19 pandemic
10345:November bombings
10163:Battle of Khasham
10109:Mayadin offensive
10094:Battle of Harasta
9964:Palmyra offensive
9648:Al-Hawl offensive
9608:Qamishli bombings
9406:Latakia Offensive
9364:Battle of Markada
9177:Battle of Darayya
9153:Battle of Darayya
9077:Battle of Tremseh
8896:Syrian Revolution
8829:Islamist uprising
8781:
8780:
8777:
8776:
8636:Syrian revolution
8579:Cities and towns
8466:
8465:
8431:
8430:
8270:
8269:
8170:
8169:
8059:Political parties
7996:Foreign relations
7927:
7926:
7923:
7922:
7777:
7776:
7737:Syrian Federation
7672:County of Tripoli
7627:Ikhshidid dynasty
7480:Yarmukian culture
7371:
7370:
7098:Pesach Melovany,
7050:978-1-85743-606-8
6973:978-1-910294-10-9
6941:(created in 2020)
6733:978-0-7106-2869-5
6666:978-1-85532-277-6
6629:Brendon's Helmets
6355:on 25 August 2017
6330:978-92-9084-767-0
5703:on 29 August 2019
4005:Osprey Publishing
3974:978-0-691-00254-5
3854:978-0-300-15112-1
3682:. 3 August 2013.
3615:
3572:
3571:
3318:
3317:
2870:, and the Soviet
2632:main battle tanks
2454:5th Assault Corps
2412:Iraq-Syria border
2292:(formed in 2015)
2203:(formed in 2015)
2077:(formed in 2015)
1823:Structure in 2022
1701:Defense companies
1651:One brigade with
1644:One brigade with
1637:One brigade with
1596:Four independent
1394:Structure in 2001
1384:Ali Mahmoud Abbas
1318:Raqqa Governorate
1256:Avigdor Lieberman
1213:Lebanese-American
1163:Strength impaired
1145:Mustafa al-Sheikh
993:main battle tanks
888:, near Damascus.
754:Defense Companies
632:Pan Am Flight 121
603:Troupes de marine
418:
375:
374:
355:Ali Mahmoud Abbas
276:Hundred Days' War
12002:
11967:
11966:
11741:Humanitarian aid
11721:Chemical weapons
11716:Cities and towns
11640:
11639:
11629:
11628:
11585:Fadwa Souleimane
11575:Abdulbaset Sieda
11555:Ibrahim Qashoush
11545:Ali Habib Mahmud
11455:Hamza al-Khateeb
11450:Kamal al-Labwani
11440:Haitham al-Maleh
11435:Suheil al-Hassan
11373:Ammar Abdulhamid
11359:
11358:
11332:Malhama Tactical
11317:Caucasus Emirate
11251:
11250:
11116:
11115:
11022:Free Syrian Army
10947:
10946:
10803:
10802:
10796:
10795:
10785:
10784:
10578:
10577:
10535:
10481:
10427:
10409:Ayn Issa clashes
10378:
10266:
10139:
10064:Central campaign
9959:Qaboun offensive
9905:
9882:Battle of al-Bab
9805:Manbij offensive
9686:
9528:
9391:Al-Otaiba ambush
9344:
9215:Battle of Safira
9200:
9170:Halfaya massacre
9121:Darayya massacre
9104:Siege of Base 46
9099:Battle of Anadan
9094:Battle of Aleppo
9030:Battle of Rastan
9006:
8978:Battle of Rastan
8946:Siege of Latakia
8911:Siege of Baniyas
8877:
8834:Latakia protests
8800:
8799:
8787:
8786:
8539:Syrian civil war
8519:
8518:
8508:
8507:
8500:Syrian civil war
8493:
8486:
8479:
8470:
8469:
8451:
8444:
8326:
8281:
8280:
8224:
8223:(stock exchange)
8216:
8181:
8180:
8094:
8087:
8078:
8076:regional command
8067:
7938:
7937:
7910:Fertile Crescent
7801:
7800:
7797:
7796:
7785:
7662:County of Edessa
7642:Mirdasid dynasty
7637:Hamdanid dynasty
7616:
7583:Palmyrene Empire
7568:Achaemenid Syria
7455:Natufian culture
7422:
7421:
7398:
7391:
7384:
7375:
7374:
7234:
7227:
7220:
7218:Syrian Air Force
7213:
7206:
7174:
7173:
7162:
7155:
7148:
7139:
7138:
7082:
7073:
7054:
7030:
6999:Military Balance
6988:Syrian Civil War
6977:
6942:
6939:
6933:
6930:
6914:
6913:
6902:
6896:
6895:
6879:
6873:
6872:
6870:
6868:
6853:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6825:
6819:
6818:
6816:
6814:
6795:
6789:
6788:
6774:
6768:
6767:
6765:
6763:
6742:
6736:
6721:
6715:
6714:
6712:
6710:
6689:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6678:
6650:
6644:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6621:
6615:
6614:
6603:
6597:
6596:
6594:
6593:
6588:. 15 August 2016
6582:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6568:
6553:
6540:
6539:
6537:
6536:
6517:
6504:
6499:
6493:
6492:
6490:
6489:
6474:
6468:
6467:
6461:
6453:
6451:
6450:
6435:
6429:
6428:
6420:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6401:. Archived from
6394:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6371:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6360:
6341:
6335:
6334:
6316:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6302:
6287:
6281:
6280:
6273:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6262:
6251:
6245:
6239:
6233:
6232:
6230:
6228:
6216:
6207:
6206:
6204:
6202:
6187:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6176:
6161:
6155:
6154:
6152:
6150:
6139:
6133:
6132:
6130:
6128:
6119:. Archived from
6106:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6095:
6080:
6074:
6068:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6039:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6025:
6010:
6004:
6003:
6001:
5999:
5980:
5974:
5973:
5971:
5969:
5954:
5948:
5944:
5938:
5933:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5907:
5901:
5896:
5890:
5885:
5879:
5874:
5868:
5867:
5865:
5863:
5851:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5840:
5825:
5819:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5799:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5773:
5767:
5766:
5764:
5763:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5730:
5724:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5708:
5693:
5687:
5686:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5650:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5633:
5625:
5619:
5618:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5602:
5600:
5588:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5565:
5556:
5555:
5553:
5551:
5539:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5513:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5492:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5450:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5439:
5427:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5401:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5371:
5365:
5360:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5344:
5329:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5303:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5272:
5241:
5236:
5217:
5216:
5210:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5176:
5170:
5163:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5142:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5125:
5118:
5110:
5104:
5101:
5095:
5092:
5086:
5072:
5066:
5065:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5049:. 14 March 2014.
5039:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5012:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4983:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4953:
4944:
4938:
4933:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4861:
4847:
4841:
4834:
4828:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4799:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4773:
4765:
4759:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4678:
4658:
4652:
4651:
4649:
4647:
4632:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4614:
4605:
4602:
4596:
4595:
4590:. Archived from
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4560:. 14 June 2013.
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4534:on 9 August 2012
4520:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4464:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4438:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4427:
4407:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4354:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4281:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4248:
4237:
4227:
4218:
4212:
4206:
4200:
4194:
4185:
4179:
4172:
4166:
4160:
4154:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4123:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4109:
4090:
4081:
4078:
4072:
4065:
4059:
4052:
4046:
4035:
4029:
4026:
4020:
4014:
4008:
3999:Samuel M. Katz,
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3958:
3952:
3946:
3940:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3907:
3899:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3875:
3869:
3863:
3857:
3842:
3836:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3791:
3785:
3771:
3765:
3759:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3710:
3704:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3674:
3666:
3649:
3648:
3620:
3610:
3608:
3581:Order of Umayyad
3568:
3562:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3444:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3358:Syrian Arab Army
3356:
3354:
3353:
3331:
3330:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3288:
3282:
3281:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3088:
3081:
3074:
3064:Syrian Arab Army
3062:
3060:
3059:
3049:Junior officers
3046:Senior officers
3037:
3036:
2988:and Syrian-made
2861:Republican Guard
2657:utility vehicles
2536:
2493:Ba'ath Battalion
2473:1579th Battalion
2442:87th Battalion (
2381:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2012:
1957:
1914:
1855:Republican Guard
1852:
1837:at full strength
1731:
1730:
1726:
1712:Republican Guard
1608:Two independent
1558:Syrian Civil War
1369:Republican Guard
1253:Defence Minister
1216:
1137:Free Syrian Army
1122:Syrian Civil War
1118:Free Syrian Army
963:Syrian Civil War
870:1982 Lebanon War
527:are escorted by
505:Syrian Civil War
485:1982 Lebanon War
423:
413:
411:
394:Syrian Arab Army
317:Syrian Civil War
295:1982 Lebanon War
281:Battle of Zahleh
251:War of Attrition
209:
206:
203:
193:
190:
168:
140:
139:
138:
80:
78:
77:
52:
43:
42:
40:
28:
27:
12010:
12009:
12005:
12004:
12003:
12001:
12000:
11999:
11980:
11979:
11978:
11973:
11947:
11896:
11880:
11785:
11699:
11634:
11619:
11600:Razan Zaitouneh
11505:Burhan Ghalioun
11480:Ammar al-Qurabi
11388:al-Assad family
11378:Ali al-Abdallah
11364:
11341:
11327:Junud al-Makhdi
11322:Ajnad al-Kavkaz
11292:
11236:
11200:
11142:
11120:DFNS Government
11110:
11099:
11075:US intervention
11067:Foreign support
11061:
11005:
10932:
10894:Liwa Fatemiyoun
10876:Foreign support
10870:
10861:al-Quds Brigade
10834:
10790:
10767:
10750:
10691:
10672:Battle of Sidon
10652:
10634:
10605:
10565:
10536:
10531:
10526:
10482:
10477:
10472:
10428:
10423:
10418:
10379:
10374:
10369:
10275:
10271:
10267:
10262:
10257:
10148:
10144:
10140:
10135:
10130:
10034:Battle of Raqqa
9989:Battle of Tabqa
9914:
9910:
9906:
9901:
9896:
9862:Dabiq offensive
9810:Tokhar massacre
9695:
9691:
9687:
9682:
9677:
9618:Kobanî massacre
9578:Idlib Offensive
9573:Battle of Bosra
9533:
9529:
9524:
9519:
9475:Siege of Kobanî
9431:Battle of Arsal
9396:Idlib offensive
9376:Battle of Morek
9349:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9242:Daraa offensive
9205:
9201:
9196:
9191:
9143:Battle of Harem
9015:
9011:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8966:Battle of Douma
8886:
8882:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8839:Damascus Spring
8794:
8773:
8752:
8748:U.S. task force
8743:Rojava conflict
8681:
8660:
8624:
8593:
8513:
8502:
8497:
8467:
8462:
8454:
8447:
8440:
8427:
8352:
8338:Public holidays
8324:
8266:
8228:
8222:
8214:
8166:
8121:
8090:
8083:
8070:
8063:
7919:
7888:
7837:
7786:
7773:
7763:Second Republic
7707:
7690:
7657:Crusader states
7622:Tulunid dynasty
7615:(Bilad al-Sham)
7614:
7612:Caliphal Syria
7606:Muslim conquest
7592:
7588:Byzantine Syria
7503:Akkadian Empire
7484:
7438:
7411:
7402:
7372:
7367:
7353:
7321:
7276:
7245:Law enforcement
7239:
7230:
7223:
7216:
7209:
7202:
7179:
7178:security forces
7168:
7166:
7134:, July 18, 2019
7130:Gregory Waters
7122:
7070:
7051:
6974:
6951:
6949:Further reading
6946:
6945:
6940:
6936:
6931:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6904:
6903:
6899:
6880:
6876:
6866:
6864:
6855:
6854:
6847:
6838:
6836:
6827:
6826:
6822:
6812:
6810:
6803:Washington Post
6797:
6796:
6792:
6775:
6771:
6761:
6759:
6744:
6743:
6739:
6722:
6718:
6708:
6706:
6691:
6690:
6686:
6676:
6674:
6667:
6651:
6647:
6638:
6636:
6623:
6622:
6618:
6605:
6604:
6600:
6591:
6589:
6584:
6583:
6576:
6566:
6564:
6554:
6543:
6534:
6532:
6519:
6518:
6507:
6500:
6496:
6487:
6485:
6476:
6475:
6471:
6455:
6454:
6448:
6446:
6439:"Archived copy"
6437:
6436:
6432:
6421:
6417:
6408:
6406:
6395:
6391:
6381:
6379:
6372:
6368:
6358:
6356:
6343:
6342:
6338:
6331:
6317:
6310:
6300:
6298:
6288:
6284:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6260:
6258:
6252:
6248:
6240:
6236:
6226:
6224:
6217:
6210:
6200:
6198:
6188:
6184:
6174:
6172:
6163:
6162:
6158:
6148:
6146:
6141:
6140:
6136:
6126:
6124:
6107:
6103:
6093:
6091:
6081:
6077:
6069:
6062:
6052:
6050:
6040:
6033:
6023:
6021:
6011:
6007:
5997:
5995:
5982:
5981:
5977:
5967:
5965:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5941:
5934:
5930:
5920:
5918:
5908:
5904:
5897:
5893:
5886:
5882:
5875:
5871:
5861:
5859:
5852:
5848:
5838:
5836:
5827:
5826:
5822:
5812:
5810:
5800:
5796:
5787:
5785:
5774:
5770:
5761:
5759:
5754:. 16 May 2013.
5746:
5745:
5741:
5732:
5731:
5727:
5720:
5716:
5706:
5704:
5695:
5694:
5690:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5665:
5651:
5647:
5637:
5635:
5631:
5627:
5626:
5622:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5598:
5596:
5589:
5585:
5575:
5573:
5566:
5559:
5549:
5547:
5540:
5536:
5526:
5524:
5514:
5499:
5490:
5488:
5473:
5469:
5459:
5457:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5437:
5435:
5428:
5424:
5414:
5412:
5410:The Independent
5402:
5398:
5389:
5387:
5372:
5368:
5361:
5352:
5342:
5340:
5330:
5326:
5316:
5314:
5304:
5295:
5285:
5283:
5273:
5244:
5237:
5220:
5204:
5203:
5196:
5194:
5187:
5183:
5174:
5172:
5168:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5152:
5136:
5135:
5129:
5127:
5123:
5116:
5114:"Archived copy"
5112:
5111:
5107:
5102:
5098:
5093:
5089:
5083:Wayback Machine
5073:
5069:
5058:
5054:
5041:
5040:
5036:
5027:
5025:
5013:
5006:
4996:
4994:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4970:
4968:
4955:
4954:
4947:
4936:
4925:
4916:
4914:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4891:
4889:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4858:Wayback Machine
4849:Alice Martins,
4848:
4844:
4838:Washington Post
4835:
4831:
4826:
4822:
4813:
4811:
4800:
4796:
4787:
4785:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4762:
4756:Wayback Machine
4745:Wayback Machine
4734:Wayback Machine
4720:
4716:
4706:
4704:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4676:
4674:
4659:
4655:
4645:
4643:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4621:
4615:
4608:
4603:
4599:
4594:on 29 May 2023.
4580:
4576:
4567:
4565:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4537:
4535:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4507:
4505:
4490:
4486:
4477:
4475:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4451:
4449:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4425:
4423:
4408:
4404:
4394:
4392:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4348:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4332:"Archived copy"
4330:
4329:
4325:
4314:
4310:
4300:
4298:
4293:. 5 July 2012.
4283:
4282:
4271:
4261:
4259:
4250:
4249:
4240:
4228:
4221:
4213:
4209:
4201:
4197:
4186:
4182:
4173:
4169:
4161:
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4054:Patrick Seale,
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3782:Wayback Machine
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3658:Country Studies
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3635:Bashar Al-Assad
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3553:Jundiun 'awal
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2900:ballistic vests
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2539:al-Quds Brigade
2484:103rd Battalion
2464:
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2424:12th Regiment (
2417:11th Regiment (
2410:10th Regiment (
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1907:Armored Brigade
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1301:noted that "in
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1151:July 2012, the
1113:
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970:
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795:Centurion tanks
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590:) and cavalry (
579:Maurice Gamelin
541:as part of the
518:
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449:Sami al-Hinnawi
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340:Bashar al-Assad
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11901:Related topics
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11540:Bassma Kodmani
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11510:Razan Ghazzawi
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11460:Tal al-Mallohi
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11445:Moaz al-Khatib
11442:
11437:
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11425:Anwar al-Bunni
11422:
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11413:Hafez Makhlouf
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11405:
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11383:Adnan al-Aroor
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11307:Tahrir al-Sham
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10620:Akashat ambush
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10290:Manbij bombing
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10004:Aleppo bombing
10001:
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9877:Raqqa campaign
9874:
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9507:
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9482:
9477:
9472:
9467:
9462:
9460:Hama Offensive
9457:
9452:
9451:
9450:
9440:
9435:
9434:
9433:
9423:
9418:
9413:
9408:
9403:
9401:Battle of Hosn
9398:
9393:
9388:
9383:
9378:
9373:
9372:
9371:
9366:
9355:
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9337:
9336:
9334:
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9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9286:Hatla massacre
9283:
9281:Hama offensive
9278:
9273:
9272:
9271:
9261:
9256:
9255:
9254:
9244:
9239:
9238:
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9211:
9209:
9193:
9192:
9190:
9189:
9184:
9179:
9174:
9173:
9172:
9165:Hama offensive
9162:
9160:Aqrab massacre
9157:
9156:
9155:
9145:
9140:
9135:
9130:
9125:
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9123:
9113:
9108:
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9101:
9091:
9090:
9089:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9064:
9062:Houla massacre
9059:
9054:
9053:
9052:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
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9019:
8999:
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8953:
8948:
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8928:
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8913:
8908:
8906:Siege of Daraa
8903:
8898:
8892:
8890:
8870:
8869:
8867:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8851:
8846:
8844:Qamishli riots
8841:
8836:
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8695:
8689:
8687:
8683:
8682:
8680:
8679:
8674:
8668:
8666:
8665:World reaction
8662:
8661:
8659:
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8648:
8643:
8638:
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8571:
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8536:
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8525:
8523:
8522:Main overviews
8515:
8514:
8504:
8503:
8496:
8495:
8488:
8481:
8473:
8464:
8463:
8461:
8460:
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8268:
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8265:
8264:
8259:
8254:
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8247:
8236:
8234:
8233:Infrastructure
8230:
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8210:
8205:
8200:
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8190:
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8148:
8147:
8137:
8131:
8129:
8123:
8122:
8120:
8119:
8114:
8113:
8112:
8110:Syria (region)
8102:
8097:
8096:
8095:
8088:
8081:
8080:
8079:
8056:
8055:
8054:
8044:
8043:
8042:
8037:
8027:
8026:
8025:
8015:
8010:
8009:
8008:
8003:
7993:
7988:
7987:
7986:
7985:
7984:
7977:Prime Minister
7969:
7967:Vice President
7964:
7963:
7962:
7952:
7947:
7941:
7935:
7929:
7928:
7925:
7924:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7905:Southern Syria
7902:
7900:Syria (region)
7896:
7894:
7890:
7889:
7887:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7861:
7856:
7851:
7845:
7843:
7839:
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7804:
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7780:
7778:
7775:
7774:
7772:
7771:
7766:
7760:
7754:
7753:
7752:
7746:
7743:State of Syria
7740:
7732:French Mandate
7729:
7724:
7717:
7715:
7709:
7708:
7706:
7705:
7698:
7696:
7692:
7691:
7689:
7688:
7682:
7676:
7675:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7654:
7652:Saljuqid Syria
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7632:Zangid dynasty
7629:
7624:
7619:
7609:
7602:
7600:
7598:Medieval Syria
7594:
7593:
7591:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7575:
7573:Seleucid Syria
7570:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7530:
7525:
7520:
7515:
7510:
7505:
7500:
7494:
7492:
7486:
7485:
7483:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7446:
7444:
7440:
7439:
7437:
7436:
7434:Years in Syria
7431:
7425:
7419:
7413:
7412:
7401:
7400:
7393:
7386:
7378:
7369:
7368:
7358:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7335:
7333:
7323:
7322:
7320:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7308:
7307:
7297:
7292:
7286:
7284:
7278:
7277:
7275:
7274:
7273:
7272:
7271:
7270:
7255:
7249:
7247:
7241:
7240:
7238:
7237:
7236:
7235:
7228:
7221:
7214:
7207:
7195:
7189:
7187:
7181:
7180:
7165:
7164:
7157:
7150:
7142:
7136:
7135:
7128:
7121:
7120:External links
7118:
7117:
7116:
7112:
7106:
7103:
7096:
7090:
7074:
7069:978-1857435573
7068:
7055:
7049:
7031:
6991:
6980:
6972:
6959:
6950:
6947:
6944:
6943:
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6923:
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6915:
6897:
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6820:
6790:
6769:
6737:
6716:
6684:
6665:
6645:
6616:
6598:
6574:
6541:
6527:. April 1987.
6505:
6494:
6469:
6430:
6415:
6389:
6366:
6336:
6329:
6308:
6282:
6268:
6246:
6234:
6208:
6182:
6156:
6134:
6116:al-Masdar News
6101:
6075:
6060:
6031:
6005:
5994:on 13 May 2019
5988:Al-Masdar News
5975:
5949:
5939:
5928:
5902:
5891:
5880:
5869:
5846:
5820:
5794:
5768:
5739:
5725:
5714:
5688:
5670:
5663:
5645:
5620:
5606:
5583:
5557:
5534:
5497:
5481:Al-Masdar News
5467:
5445:
5422:
5396:
5380:Al-Masdar News
5366:
5350:
5324:
5293:
5242:
5218:
5181:
5150:
5105:
5096:
5087:
5067:
5052:
5034:
5004:
4978:
4945:
4923:
4898:
4871:
4862:
4842:
4829:
4820:
4794:
4760:
4714:
4684:
4653:
4627:
4606:
4597:
4574:
4545:
4515:
4484:
4459:
4433:
4402:
4362:
4323:
4308:
4269:
4238:
4219:
4217:, p. 330.
4207:
4195:
4180:
4167:
4155:
4143:
4115:
4082:
4073:
4060:
4047:
4030:
4021:
4009:
3992:
3973:
3953:
3951:, p. 464.
3941:
3929:
3922:
3894:
3892:, p. 458.
3882:
3870:
3868:, p. 448.
3858:
3837:
3821:
3808:10.2307/447038
3786:
3766:
3764:, p. 447.
3754:
3729:
3705:
3696:
3668:
3642:
3639:
3595:Main article:
3592:
3589:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3556:
3543:
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3517:
3504:
3491:
3478:
3465:
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3436:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3377:
3370:
3362:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3316:
3315:
3302:
3289:
3276:
3263:
3250:
3237:
3224:
3211:
3198:
3185:
3171:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3068:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3024:Main article:
3021:
3018:
2922:Main article:
2919:
2916:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2807:
2799:
2787:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2770:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2730:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2706:
2700:anti-tank guns
2683:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2667:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2644:
2634:
2595:130mm M-46 gun
2567:Main article:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2470:13th Battalion
2456:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2403:8th Regiment (
2401:
2394:
2389:5th Regiment (
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2167:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2044:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1908:
1902:
1901:800th Regiment
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1844:
1841:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:2,500 soldiers
1783:
1780:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1768:3,500 soldiers
1766:
1763:
1747:
1742:14 Divisions (
1740:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1708:
1690:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1671:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1621:
1615:
1606:
1603:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1564:
1561:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1395:
1392:
1356:
1353:
1329:
1326:
1263:
1260:
1198:
1188:killed in the
1164:
1161:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1026:
1007:
1006:
1005:
995:
972:Main article:
969:
966:
964:
961:
905:First Gulf War
843:
842:
837:militias, the
828:
827:against Israel
782:Jordanian Army
765:
762:
691:in pursuit of
662:Adib Shishakli
658:Husni al-Za'im
619:
616:
517:
514:
512:
509:
481:Yom Kippur War
428:branch of the
376:
373:
372:
364:
358:
357:
349:
343:
342:
334:
328:
327:
323:
322:
320:
319:
314:
309:
308:
307:
297:
292:
287:
286:
285:
284:
283:
273:
263:
261:Yom Kippur War
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
227:
225:
221:
220:
217:
213:
212:
211:
210:
197:Combat uniform
194:
186:: Khaki, Olive
179:
175:
174:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
132:
128:
127:
121:
118:
117:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12007:
11996:
11993:
11991:
11988:
11987:
11985:
11970:
11962:
11961:
11958:
11944:
11941:
11939:
11936:
11934:
11931:
11929:
11926:
11924:
11921:
11919:
11916:
11914:
11911:
11909:
11906:
11905:
11903:
11899:
11893:
11890:
11889:
11887:
11883:
11877:
11874:
11872:
11869:
11867:
11864:
11862:
11859:
11857:
11854:
11852:
11849:
11847:
11844:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11829:
11827:
11824:
11822:
11819:
11815:
11812:
11811:
11810:
11807:
11805:
11802:
11800:
11797:
11796:
11794:
11792:
11791:Peace process
11788:
11782:
11779:
11777:
11774:
11772:
11769:
11767:
11764:
11762:
11759:
11757:
11754:
11752:
11749:
11747:
11744:
11742:
11739:
11737:
11734:
11732:
11729:
11727:
11724:
11722:
11719:
11717:
11714:
11712:
11709:
11708:
11706:
11702:
11696:
11693:
11691:
11688:
11686:
11683:
11681:
11678:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11663:
11661:
11658:
11656:
11653:
11651:
11648:
11647:
11645:
11641:
11637:
11630:
11626:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11603:
11601:
11598:
11596:
11595:Yaser Tabbara
11593:
11591:
11588:
11586:
11583:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11560:Dawoud Rajiha
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11523:
11521:
11518:
11516:
11515:Ghassan Hitto
11513:
11511:
11508:
11506:
11503:
11501:
11498:
11496:
11493:
11491:
11488:
11486:
11485:Suheir Atassi
11483:
11481:
11478:
11476:
11473:
11471:
11468:
11466:
11465:Fida al-Sayed
11463:
11461:
11458:
11456:
11453:
11451:
11448:
11446:
11443:
11441:
11438:
11436:
11433:
11431:
11428:
11426:
11423:
11421:
11420:Riad al-Asaad
11418:
11414:
11411:
11409:
11408:Rami Makhlouf
11406:
11404:
11401:
11399:
11396:
11394:
11391:
11390:
11389:
11386:
11384:
11381:
11379:
11376:
11374:
11371:
11370:
11367:
11360:
11356:
11338:
11335:
11333:
11330:
11328:
11325:
11323:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11308:
11305:
11304:
11302:
11299:
11295:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11279:
11276:
11274:
11271:
11269:
11266:
11264:
11261:
11260:
11258:
11256:
11255:Islamic State
11252:
11249:
11247:
11243:
11233:
11230:
11228:
11225:
11223:
11220:
11218:
11215:
11213:
11210:
11209:
11207:
11203:
11197:
11194:
11192:
11189:
11187:
11184:
11182:
11179:
11177:
11174:
11172:
11169:
11167:
11164:
11162:
11159:
11157:
11154:
11153:
11151:
11149:
11145:
11139:
11136:
11134:
11131:
11129:
11126:
11125:
11123:
11121:
11117:
11114:
11112:
11106:
11096:
11093:
11091:
11088:
11086:
11083:
11081:
11078:
11076:
11073:
11072:
11070:
11068:
11064:
11058:
11055:
11053:
11050:
11048:
11045:
11043:
11040:
11038:
11035:
11033:
11032:Army of Glory
11030:
11028:
11025:
11023:
11020:
11018:
11015:
11014:
11012:
11008:
11002:
10999:
10997:
10994:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10965:
10962:
10961:
10960:
10957:
10956:
10954:
10952:
10948:
10945:
10943:
10939:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10903:
10902:
10899:
10895:
10892:
10891:
10890:
10887:
10885:
10882:
10881:
10879:
10877:
10873:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10843:
10841:
10837:
10831:
10828:
10826:
10823:
10821:
10818:
10816:
10813:
10812:
10810:
10808:
10804:
10801:
10797:
10793:
10786:
10782:
10763:
10760:
10759:
10757:
10753:
10747:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10732:
10729:
10727:
10724:
10722:
10719:
10717:
10714:
10712:
10709:
10707:
10704:
10703:
10701:
10698:
10694:
10688:
10685:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10665:
10664:
10662:
10659:
10655:
10649:
10646:
10645:
10643:
10641:
10637:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10617:
10615:
10612:
10608:
10602:
10599:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10588:
10586:
10583:
10579:
10576:
10574:
10573:
10568:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10547:
10544:
10543:
10541:
10539:
10534:
10529:
10523:
10520:
10518:
10515:
10513:
10510:
10508:
10505:
10503:
10500:
10498:
10495:
10493:
10490:
10489:
10487:
10485:
10480:
10475:
10469:
10466:
10464:
10463:Daraa clashes
10461:
10459:
10456:
10454:
10451:
10449:
10446:
10444:
10441:
10439:
10436:
10435:
10433:
10431:
10426:
10421:
10415:
10412:
10410:
10407:
10405:
10402:
10400:
10397:
10395:
10394:Afrin bombing
10392:
10390:
10387:
10386:
10384:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10366:
10365:US airstrikes
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10328:
10326:
10323:
10321:
10320:June bombings
10318:
10316:
10313:
10311:
10308:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10282:
10280:
10278:
10274:
10270:
10265:
10260:
10254:
10251:
10249:
10246:
10244:
10241:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10231:
10229:
10226:
10224:
10221:
10219:
10216:
10214:
10211:
10209:
10206:
10204:
10201:
10199:
10196:
10194:
10191:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10159:
10156:
10155:
10153:
10151:
10147:
10143:
10138:
10133:
10127:
10124:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10101:
10100:
10097:
10095:
10092:
10090:
10087:
10085:
10082:
10080:
10077:
10075:
10072:
10070:
10067:
10065:
10062:
10060:
10057:
10055:
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10025:
10022:
10020:
10017:
10015:
10012:
10010:
10007:
10005:
10002:
10000:
9997:
9995:
9992:
9990:
9987:
9985:
9982:
9980:
9977:
9975:
9972:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9932:
9930:
9927:
9925:
9922:
9921:
9919:
9917:
9913:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9863:
9860:
9858:
9855:
9853:
9850:
9848:
9845:
9843:
9840:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9811:
9808:
9807:
9806:
9803:
9801:
9798:
9796:
9793:
9791:
9788:
9786:
9783:
9781:
9778:
9776:
9773:
9771:
9768:
9766:
9763:
9761:
9758:
9756:
9753:
9751:
9748:
9746:
9743:
9741:
9738:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9721:
9718:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9706:
9703:
9702:
9700:
9698:
9694:
9690:
9685:
9680:
9674:
9671:
9669:
9666:
9664:
9661:
9659:
9656:
9654:
9651:
9649:
9646:
9644:
9641:
9639:
9636:
9634:
9631:
9629:
9626:
9624:
9621:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9584:
9581:
9579:
9576:
9574:
9571:
9569:
9566:
9564:
9561:
9559:
9556:
9554:
9551:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9541:
9540:
9538:
9536:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9498:
9496:
9493:
9491:
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9463:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9449:
9446:
9445:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9432:
9429:
9428:
9427:
9424:
9422:
9419:
9417:
9414:
9412:
9409:
9407:
9404:
9402:
9399:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9386:Maan massacre
9384:
9382:
9379:
9377:
9374:
9370:
9367:
9365:
9362:
9361:
9360:
9357:
9356:
9354:
9352:
9348:
9343:
9338:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9301:Adra massacre
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9270:
9267:
9266:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9253:
9250:
9249:
9248:
9245:
9243:
9240:
9236:
9233:
9232:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9212:
9210:
9208:
9204:
9199:
9194:
9188:
9185:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9171:
9168:
9167:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9154:
9151:
9150:
9149:
9146:
9144:
9141:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9122:
9119:
9118:
9117:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9096:
9095:
9092:
9088:
9085:
9084:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9051:
9048:
9047:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9022:
9020:
9018:
9014:
9010:
9005:
9000:
8994:
8991:
8989:
8986:
8984:
8981:
8979:
8976:
8974:
8971:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8958:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8936:Siege of Homs
8934:
8932:
8931:Siege of Hama
8929:
8927:
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8893:
8891:
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8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8564:Belligerents
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8540:
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8535:
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7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7897:
7895:
7891:
7885:
7884:Syrian Desert
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7864:Golan Heights
7862:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7846:
7844:
7840:
7834:
7831:
7829:
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7809:
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7805:
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7758:
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7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7722:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7714:
7710:
7703:
7702:Ottoman Syria
7700:
7699:
7697:
7693:
7686:
7683:
7680:
7679:Ayyubid Syria
7677:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7659:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7647:Fatimid Syria
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
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7574:
7571:
7569:
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7561:
7559:
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7554:
7551:
7549:
7548:Aram-Damascus
7546:
7544:
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7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7495:
7493:
7491:
7490:Ancient Syria
7487:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7460:Halaf culture
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7441:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
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7406:
7399:
7394:
7392:
7387:
7385:
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7205:
7201:
7200:
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7191:
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7182:
7177:
7172:
7163:
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7133:
7129:
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7113:
7110:
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7104:
7101:
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7087:
7080:
7075:
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7061:
7056:
7052:
7046:
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7041:
7036:
7032:
7028:
7024:
7020:
7016:
7012:
7008:
7004:
7000:
6996:
6992:
6989:
6985:
6981:
6979:
6975:
6969:
6965:
6960:
6957:
6953:
6952:
6938:
6929:
6925:
6911:
6907:
6901:
6893:
6889:
6885:
6878:
6862:
6858:
6852:
6850:
6834:
6830:
6824:
6808:
6804:
6800:
6794:
6786:
6785:
6780:
6773:
6757:
6753:
6752:
6747:
6741:
6734:
6730:
6726:
6720:
6704:
6700:
6699:
6694:
6688:
6672:
6668:
6662:
6658:
6657:
6649:
6634:
6630:
6626:
6625:"Syria Ssh68"
6620:
6612:
6608:
6602:
6587:
6581:
6579:
6563:
6559:
6552:
6550:
6548:
6546:
6530:
6526:
6522:
6516:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6503:
6498:
6483:
6479:
6473:
6465:
6459:
6444:
6440:
6434:
6426:
6419:
6405:on 2020-02-28
6404:
6400:
6393:
6377:
6370:
6354:
6350:
6346:
6340:
6332:
6326:
6322:
6315:
6313:
6297:
6293:
6286:
6278:
6272:
6257:
6250:
6243:
6238:
6222:
6215:
6213:
6197:
6193:
6186:
6170:
6166:
6160:
6144:
6138:
6122:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6105:
6090:
6086:
6079:
6073:, p. 18.
6072:
6067:
6065:
6049:
6045:
6038:
6036:
6020:
6016:
6009:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5979:
5964:
5960:
5953:
5943:
5937:
5932:
5917:
5913:
5906:
5900:
5895:
5889:
5884:
5878:
5873:
5857:
5850:
5834:
5830:
5824:
5809:
5805:
5798:
5783:
5779:
5772:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5743:
5735:
5729:
5723:
5718:
5702:
5698:
5692:
5684:
5680:
5674:
5666:
5664:9780190874872
5660:
5656:
5649:
5630:
5624:
5616:
5610:
5595:. Israel Alma
5594:
5587:
5571:
5564:
5562:
5545:
5538:
5523:
5519:
5512:
5510:
5508:
5506:
5504:
5502:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5471:
5455:
5449:
5433:
5426:
5411:
5407:
5400:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5370:
5364:
5359:
5357:
5355:
5339:
5335:
5328:
5313:
5309:
5302:
5300:
5298:
5282:
5278:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5240:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5214:
5208:
5192:
5185:
5167:
5160:
5154:
5146:
5140:
5122:
5115:
5109:
5100:
5091:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5071:
5063:
5056:
5048:
5044:
5038:
5024:
5023:
5018:
5011:
5009:
4992:
4988:
4982:
4967:on 1 May 2011
4966:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4950:
4942:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4912:
4908:
4902:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4875:
4866:
4859:
4855:
4852:
4846:
4839:
4833:
4824:
4809:
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4783:
4779:
4778:
4770:
4764:
4757:
4753:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4728:
4724:
4718:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4688:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4657:
4641:
4637:
4631:
4620:
4613:
4611:
4601:
4593:
4589:
4585:
4578:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4549:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4519:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4488:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4447:
4443:
4437:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4406:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4358:
4352:
4337:
4333:
4327:
4319:
4312:
4296:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4257:
4253:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4235:
4231:
4226:
4224:
4216:
4211:
4204:
4199:
4192:
4191:
4184:
4177:
4171:
4164:
4159:
4153:, p. 13.
4152:
4147:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4120:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4089:
4087:
4077:
4070:
4064:
4057:
4051:
4044:
4040:
4034:
4025:
4018:
4013:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3980:
3976:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3957:
3950:
3945:
3938:
3933:
3925:
3923:0-415-07265-4
3919:
3915:
3911:
3906:
3898:
3891:
3886:
3879:
3874:
3867:
3862:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3790:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3770:
3763:
3758:
3744:on 2016-03-22
3743:
3739:
3733:
3719:
3715:
3709:
3700:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3673:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3659:
3653:
3652:public domain
3638:
3636:
3632:
3629:, who is the
3628:
3624:
3619:
3613:
3604:
3598:
3588:
3586:
3582:
3567:
3554:
3541:
3528:
3515:
3502:
3489:
3476:
3475:Musaeid thani
3463:
3462:Musaeid 'awal
3452:
3449:
3443:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3383:
3378:
3376:
3371:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3346:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3313:
3300:
3299:Mulazim awwal
3287:
3274:
3261:
3248:
3235:
3222:
3209:
3196:
3183:
3172:
3168:
3161:
3154:
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2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1917:30th Division
1913:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1796:): 1,500 men
1795:
1791:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
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1745:
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1727:
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1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:Golan Heights
1429:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1400:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1378:
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1366:
1362:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1335:
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1239:
1231:
1226:
1222:
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1214:
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1195:
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1183:
1180:– are mainly
1179:
1175:
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1100:
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1091:
1089:
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1064:
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1017:
1016:
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980:
979:
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960:
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932:
928:
927:Shafiq Fayadh
924:
923:
916:
914:
906:
901:
897:
895:
889:
887:
882:
878:
873:
871:
866:
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860:
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855:Shafiq Fayadh
852:
848:
840:
836:
832:
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826:
823:
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815:
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761:
759:
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746:
742:
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730:
725:
722:
718:
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710:
704:
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669:
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663:
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654:
652:
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645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
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615:
613:
609:
605:
604:
599:
595:
594:
589:
588:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
539:
530:
526:
525:Allied forces
522:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
483:of 1973, and
482:
479:in 1967, the
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
422:
416:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
377:Military unit
371:
368:
365:
363:
359:
356:
353:
350:
348:
344:
341:
338:
335:
333:
329:
324:
318:
315:
313:
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306:
303:
302:
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288:
282:
279:
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269:
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254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
228:
226:
222:
218:
216:Anniversaries
214:
198:
195:
185:
182:
181:
180:
176:
172:
164:
160:
156:
153:
150:
146:
143:
133:
129:
119:Conscription:
115:
114:Military age:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
72:
68:
63:1 August 1945
62:
58:
51:
46:
34:
29:
26:
22:
11851:Vienna talks
11525:Randa Kassis
11500:Farid Ghadry
11475:Khaled Khoja
11470:Riad al-Turk
11278:Liwa al-Aqsa
11148:SDF militias
11090:Saudi Arabia
10916:Wagner Group
10789:Belligerents
10571:
10532:
10478:
10424:
10375:
10340:Barisha raid
10263:
10136:
9902:
9683:
9525:
9341:
9197:
9003:
8874:
8804:
8371:Coat of arms
8293:Demographics
8193:Central Bank
8134:
8074: /
8035:High council
8018:Human rights
7945:Constitution
7823:Governorates
7721:Arab kingdom
7713:Modern Syria
7685:Mamluk Syria
7613:
7327:Paramilitary
7282:Intelligence
7203:
7108:
7099:
7084:
7078:
7059:
7039:
6998:
6963:
6937:
6928:
6909:
6900:
6891:
6887:
6877:
6865:. Retrieved
6860:
6857:"شعار الرأس"
6837:. Retrieved
6823:
6811:. Retrieved
6802:
6793:
6782:
6772:
6760:. Retrieved
6749:
6740:
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6719:
6707:. Retrieved
6696:
6687:
6675:. Retrieved
6655:
6648:
6637:. Retrieved
6628:
6619:
6610:
6601:
6590:. Retrieved
6565:. Retrieved
6561:
6533:. Retrieved
6497:
6486:. Retrieved
6484:. 2018-03-27
6481:
6472:
6447:. Retrieved
6433:
6418:
6407:. Retrieved
6403:the original
6392:
6380:. Retrieved
6369:
6357:. Retrieved
6353:the original
6348:
6339:
6320:
6299:. Retrieved
6295:
6285:
6271:
6259:. Retrieved
6249:
6237:
6225:. Retrieved
6199:. Retrieved
6195:
6185:
6173:. Retrieved
6159:
6149:December 20,
6147:. Retrieved
6137:
6125:. Retrieved
6121:the original
6114:
6104:
6092:. Retrieved
6088:
6078:
6051:. Retrieved
6047:
6022:. Retrieved
6018:
6008:
5996:. Retrieved
5992:the original
5978:
5966:. Retrieved
5962:
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5942:
5931:
5919:. Retrieved
5915:
5905:
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5883:
5872:
5860:. Retrieved
5849:
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5833:the original
5823:
5811:. Retrieved
5807:
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5701:the original
5691:
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5623:
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5586:
5574:. Retrieved
5548:. Retrieved
5537:
5525:. Retrieved
5521:
5489:. Retrieved
5470:
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5448:
5436:. Retrieved
5425:
5415:21 September
5413:. Retrieved
5409:
5399:
5388:. Retrieved
5369:
5341:. Retrieved
5337:
5327:
5315:. Retrieved
5311:
5286:20 September
5284:. Retrieved
5280:
5195:. Retrieved
5184:
5173:. Retrieved
5153:
5128:. Retrieved
5108:
5099:
5090:
5070:
5061:
5055:
5046:
5037:
5026:. Retrieved
5020:
4997:14 September
4995:. Retrieved
4981:
4969:. Retrieved
4965:the original
4960:
4915:. Retrieved
4901:
4890:. Retrieved
4880:
4874:
4865:
4845:
4837:
4832:
4823:
4812:. Retrieved
4797:
4786:. Retrieved
4775:
4763:
4717:
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4696:
4687:
4675:. Retrieved
4666:
4656:
4644:. Retrieved
4630:
4600:
4592:the original
4587:
4577:
4566:. Retrieved
4557:
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4536:. Retrieved
4532:the original
4518:
4506:. Retrieved
4487:
4476:. Retrieved
4462:
4450:. Retrieved
4436:
4424:. Retrieved
4405:
4393:. Retrieved
4374:
4365:
4340:. Retrieved
4326:
4311:
4299:. Retrieved
4288:
4260:. Retrieved
4233:
4210:
4198:
4188:
4183:
4175:
4170:
4158:
4146:
4135:. Retrieved
4106:. Retrieved
4097:
4076:
4068:
4063:
4055:
4050:
4042:
4039:Trevor Dupuy
4033:
4024:
4017:Pollack 2002
4012:
4000:
3995:
3983:. Retrieved
3963:
3956:
3949:Pollack 2002
3944:
3937:Pollack 2002
3932:
3909:
3897:
3890:Pollack 2002
3885:
3878:Pollack 2002
3873:
3866:Pollack 2002
3861:
3845:
3840:
3829:
3824:
3799:
3795:
3789:
3769:
3762:Pollack 2002
3757:
3746:. Retrieved
3742:the original
3732:
3721:. Retrieved
3717:
3708:
3699:
3688:. Retrieved
3678:
3672:
3657:
3644:
3600:
3585:8 March 1963
3578:
3447:
3348:
3340:Junior NCOs
3337:Senior NCOs
3319:
3054:
3029:
3010:PKP Pecheneg
2982:Steyr SSG 69
2970:Dragunov SVD
2938:Stechkin-APS
2927:
2904:NBC uniforms
2894:helmets and
2865:
2857:
2853:M81 Woodland
2836:British Army
2833:
2809:
2801:
2789:
2780:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2716:
2685:
2677:
2654:
2621:
2603:Soviet Union
2600:
2537:
2382:
2359:
2338:
2313:
2287:
2266:
2245:
2220:
2198:
2171:
2144:
2116:
2091:
2072:
2048:
2034:
2013:
2003:
1958:
1916:
1904:
1853:
1836:
1826:
1818:): 60–80 men
1815:
1808:
1793:
1773:
1756:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1691:
1684:Border Guard
1591:
1535:
1482:
1476:Mount Hermon
1469:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1381:
1358:
1355:Demographics
1350:
1343:
1339:
1331:
1307:
1290:
1284:
1277:
1250:
1242:
1234:
1219:
1209:Fawaz Gerges
1205:
1200:
1166:
1157:
1149:
1126:
1114:
1085:
1068:
1060:
1036:
1009:
982:
977:
953:
946:
943:
937:
935:
920:
917:
910:
890:
881:Rifaat Assad
874:
867:
844:
819:
803:
767:
726:
717:Yarmuk River
713:Mount Hermon
705:
670:
655:
648:
621:
601:
591:
585:
583:
563:Ottoman Army
558:
536:
534:
442:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
379:
170:
131:Part of
113:
102:Land warfare
25:
11923:Syria Files
11605:Rami Jarrah
11535:Michel Kilo
11520:Salim Idris
11495:Aref Dalila
11268:Dokumacılar
11057:Grey Wolves
10556:Hama attack
8188:Agriculture
8145:air defense
8105:Nationalism
7765:(1950–1963)
7704:(1516–1918)
7687:(1260–1516)
7681:(1174–1260)
7578:Roman Syria
7470:Abu Hureyra
7465:Uruk period
7211:Syrian Navy
7204:Syrian Army
6813:8 September
6762:4 September
6751:France-Soir
6698:France-Soir
6242:Cooper 2015
6201:20 November
6071:Cooper 2015
6053:12 February
5998:20 February
5968:12 February
5921:25 February
5862:24 February
5752:Arutz Sheva
5599:17 November
5576:29 February
5460:26 November
5438:18 November
5434:. France 24
5343:21 November
5317:16 November
5197:25 November
4151:Cooper 2015
3514:Raqib thani
3501:Raqib 'awal
3448:No insignia
3334:Rank group
3195:Eimad 'awal
3040:Rank group
2876:6B7 helmets
2430:Ayn al-Arab
1998:Syrian-wing
1807:Battalion (
1675:P-800 Oniks
1668:P-15 Termit
1246:oppositions
886:al-Qutayfah
859:Hafiz Assad
841:and Israel)
825:October War
721:Six-Day War
636:Deir ez-Zor
587:tirailleurs
577:by General
555:auxiliaries
477:Six-Day War
382:Syrian Army
246:Six-Day War
224:Engagements
148:Garrison/HQ
31:Syrian Army
11984:Categories
11711:Casualties
11300:and allies
11288:Liwa Dawud
10942:Opposition
10755:Elsewhere:
9495:Idlib Raid
8805:Background
8651:Ceasefires
8406:television
8288:Censorship
8215:(currency)
8047:Parliament
8006:Iskandaron
7950:Corruption
7513:Canaanites
7001:. London:
6867:12 October
6861:mod.gov.sy
6839:2017-11-03
6709:10 October
6639:2013-07-12
6611:bellingcat
6592:2020-09-02
6567:12 October
6535:2018-11-30
6488:2022-12-08
6482:bellingcat
6449:2018-11-30
6409:2020-02-28
6261:14 October
6227:18 October
5839:October 1,
5788:2016-09-18
5762:2013-06-07
5527:17 October
5491:2017-03-02
5390:2017-03-02
5175:2013-12-30
5130:2012-04-06
5047:Al-Monitor
5028:2023-04-07
4917:2017-07-02
4892:2015-10-12
4869:news24.com
4814:2012-08-11
4788:2012-10-07
4707:10 January
4697:DefenceWeb
4588:Al Jazeera
4568:2013-06-15
4528:Al Arabiya
4478:2017-07-02
4416:Al Jazeera
4342:2018-11-30
4236:, 272–273.
4137:2012-03-16
3802:(4): 830.
3748:2013-06-14
3723:2013-06-15
3690:2015-10-12
3641:References
3469:مساعد ثاني
3189:عماد أول
2990:Golan S-01
2952:, Chinese
2934:Makarov PM
2898:, Ruyin-3
2845:EMR Desert
2841:Red Lizard
2828:See also:
2696:field guns
1757:Mechanized
1677:launchers,
1632:battalions
1316:to secure
1111:Defections
877:Ali Haidar
640:battalions
608:Senegalese
529:Circassian
426:land force
424:), is the
326:Commanders
219:August 1st
11756:Massacres
11643:Elections
11580:Riad Seif
11246:Islamists
10572:Spillover
8819:1966 coup
8814:1963 coup
8574:Spillover
8544:Timeline
8512:Overviews
8348:Squatting
8323:refugees
8298:Education
8257:Transport
8198:Companies
8140:Air force
8117:Terrorism
8030:Judiciary
7991:Elections
7955:President
7859:Euphrates
7849:Al-Jazira
7833:Volcanoes
7818:Districts
7792:Geography
7769:Civil war
7759:(1946–50)
7751:(1930–46)
7745:(1925–30)
7739:(1922–25)
7027:219628874
7019:1479-9022
7003:Routledge
6562:Oryx Blog
6378:. Twitter
6359:28 August
5858:. Twitter
5707:29 August
5546:. Twitter
4941:help page
4508:7 January
4498:Bloomberg
4452:7 January
4426:6 January
4395:6 January
4301:6 January
4215:IISS 2011
4203:IISS 2010
3612:romanized
3566:Jundiun
3508:رقيب ثاني
3456:مساعد أول
3343:Enlisted
3293:ملازم أول
2958:Sa vz. 58
2785:launchers
2761:launchers
2704:howitzers
2444:Talkalakh
2260:3rd Corps
2165:2nd Corps
2042:1st Corps
1814:Company (
1735:3 Corps (
1610:Artillery
1537:3rd Corps
1484:2nd Corps
1423:1st Corps
1194:Christian
1141:France 24
1090:launchers
1080:launchers
1024:howitzers
931:al-Kiswah
894:President
791:ar-Ramtha
764:1970–2010
729:divisions
677:Al-Kiswah
618:1945–1970
516:1919–1945
415:romanized
11969:Category
11761:Refugees
11298:al-Qaeda
8792:Timeline
8458:Category
8418:Religion
8343:Scouting
8318:diaspora
8203:Industry
8127:Military
8072:national
8052:Speakers
7933:Politics
7842:Features
7508:Arameans
7498:Amorites
7429:Timeline
7409:articles
7364:Chemical
7185:Military
7037:(2011).
6833:Archived
6807:Archived
6756:Archived
6703:Archived
6677:20 March
6671:Archived
6633:Archived
6529:Archived
6458:cite web
6443:Archived
6301:22 March
6169:Archived
6127:22 March
6094:22 March
6024:23 March
5813:22 March
5782:Archived
5756:Archived
5485:Archived
5384:Archived
5207:cite web
5166:Archived
5139:cite web
5121:Archived
5079:Archived
4991:Archived
4911:Archived
4886:Archived
4854:Archived
4808:Archived
4782:Archived
4752:Archived
4741:Archived
4730:Archived
4701:Archived
4671:Archived
4640:Archived
4562:Archived
4538:9 August
4502:Archived
4472:Archived
4446:Archived
4420:Archived
4389:Archived
4351:cite web
4336:Archived
4295:Archived
4256:Archived
4131:Archived
4102:Archived
3985:27 March
3979:Archived
3778:Archived
3684:Archived
3547:جندي أول
3495:رقيب أول
3260:Muqaddam
2930:Cold War
2741:≈ 2,500
2708:≈ 2,800
2694:≈ 2,330
2686:≈ 5,130
2678:≈ 1,600
2655:≈ 2,800
2636:≈ 2,400
2630:≈ 2,700
2622:≈ 5,900
1878:Airborne
1871:Commando
1628:Brigades
1619:Brigades
1613:Brigades
1601:Brigades
1598:Infantry
1580:Hamidieh
1546:chemical
1489:Zabadani
1428:Damascus
1371:and the
1365:Alawites
1028:≈ 1,500
1010:≈ 6,400
997:≈ 4,500
991:≈ 4,800
983:≈ 9,300
835:Lebanese
697:fighters
628:division
551:Lebanese
493:Gulf War
300:Gulf War
158:Motto(s)
152:Damascus
111:130,000
11633:Related
11205:Support
10856:PFLP-GC
10658:Lebanon
10538:Jan-Dec
10484:Jan–Dec
10430:Jan–Dec
10381:Jan–Dec
10277:Sep–Dec
10273:May–Aug
10269:Jan–Apr
10150:Sep–Dec
10146:May–Aug
10142:Jan–Apr
9916:Sep–Dec
9912:May–Aug
9908:Jan–Apr
9697:Sep–Dec
9693:May–Aug
9689:Jan–Apr
9535:Aug–Dec
9531:Jan–Jul
9351:Aug–Dec
9347:Jan–Jul
9207:May–Dec
9203:Jan–Apr
9017:Sep–Dec
9013:May–Aug
9009:Jan–Apr
8888:Sep–Dec
8884:May–Aug
8880:Jan–Apr
8442:Outline
8423:Smoking
8376:Cuisine
8358:Culture
8276:Society
8176:Economy
7893:Related
7879:Orontes
7808:Borders
7417:History
7339:Shabiha
7331:militia
6382:2 March
6048:Twitter
6019:Twitter
5963:Twitter
5916:Twitter
5808:Twitter
5550:3 March
5338:Twitter
4961:Reuters
4677:7 April
4646:7 April
4558:Haaretz
4381:Reuters
4376:Haaretz
3718:cia.gov
3614::
3488:Musaeid
3312:Mulazim
3221:Alliwa'
3014:AK-74Ms
3002:Type 73
2962:AKS-74U
2954:Type 56
2768:MANPADS
2766:5,000+
2757:5,460+
2680:mortars
2419:Latakia
2393:pocket)
2391:Hasakah
1880:Brigade
1873:Brigade
1839:) was:
1774:Armored
1687:Brigade
1655:Scarab,
1648:-B/C/D.
1572:Latakia
1568:Latakia
1289:in the
1174:Alawite
1097:MANPADS
1095:4,000+
1086:4,235+
1061:2,190+
758:Rifa'at
693:Barzani
567:Kurdish
545:in the
511:History
438:mandate
417::
337:Marshal
70:Country
60:Founded
41:
11704:Issues
11403:Rifaat
11393:Bashar
11363:People
11095:Turkey
10764:(Iran)
10697:Turkey
8534:Rojava
8366:Anthem
8313:People
8308:Hunger
8303:Health
8213:Pound
7915:Levant
7874:Hermon
7869:Hauran
7828:Rivers
7813:Cities
7723:(1920)
7543:Ugarit
7528:Yamhad
7407:
7176:Syrian
7066:
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7025:
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2802:≈ N/A
2790:≈ N/A
2781:≈ 100
2749:≈ 600
2732:≈ 250
2726:≈ 350
2721:pieces
2717:≈ 600
2663:≈ 300
2646:≈ 800
2607:Russia
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1876:104th
1869:103rd
1829:Russia
1816:Sariya
1809:Katiba
1723:": -->
1639:FROG-7
1584:Tartus
1576:Banias
1542:Aleppo
1215:author
1192:was a
1052:≈ 400
1046:≈ 450
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1037:≈ 850
1018:1,900
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11085:Qatar
10799:Syria
8529:Syria
8449:Index
8413:Music
8401:State
8396:Media
8386:Films
8331:women
7608:(636)
7533:Qatna
7475:Aswad
7405:Syria
7023:S2CID
6920:Notes
5632:(PDF)
5169:(PDF)
5162:(PDF)
5124:(PDF)
5117:(PDF)
4971:5 May
4772:(PDF)
4622:(PDF)
3914:151–2
3812:JSTOR
3540:Earif
3527:Raqib
3482:مساعد
3306:ملازم
3286:Naqib
3273:Ra'id
3208:Eimad
3182:Fariq
3020:Ranks
2974:Tabuk
2950:AK-74
2880:PASGT
2792:short
2772:460+
2611:China
2577:Tank
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1737:Falaq
1699:(The
1653:SS-21
1361:Sunni
1314:Idlib
1182:Sunni
814:MILAN
799:Amman
787:T-55s
778:Irbid
709:Golan
689:Zakho
685:Kurds
681:Iraqi
571:Druze
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10611:Iraq
10533:2023
10479:2022
10425:2021
10376:2020
10264:2019
10137:2018
9903:2017
9684:2016
9526:2015
9342:2014
9198:2013
9004:2012
8875:2011
8391:Flag
8380:wine
8152:Navy
8135:Army
8023:LGBT
7982:list
7960:list
7538:Mari
7523:Ebla
7064:ISBN
7045:ISBN
7015:ISSN
6968:ISBN
6892:1475
6869:2021
6815:2017
6764:2018
6729:ISBN
6711:2018
6679:2013
6661:ISBN
6569:2023
6464:link
6384:2024
6361:2017
6325:ISBN
6303:2023
6263:2023
6229:2023
6203:2023
6177:2016
6151:2014
6129:2017
6096:2023
6055:2024
6026:2024
6000:2018
5970:2024
5947:War.
5923:2024
5864:2024
5841:2023
5815:2024
5709:2019
5659:ISBN
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5601:2023
5578:2024
5552:2024
5529:2023
5462:2023
5440:2023
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5288:2022
5213:link
5199:2023
5145:link
4999:2011
4973:2011
4709:2019
4679:2015
4648:2015
4540:2012
4510:2014
4454:2014
4428:2014
4397:2014
4383:and
4357:link
4303:2014
4264:2014
4110:2011
3987:2013
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3850:ISBN
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3521:رقيب
3324:and
3280:نقيب
3267:رائد
3254:مقدم
3247:Aqid
3241:عقيد
3234:Amid
3228:عميد
3215:لواء
3202:عماد
3176:فريق
3008:and
2956:and
2946:AKMS
2936:and
2908:GP-5
2896:6B45
2892:6B47
2888:FAST
2851:and
2849:ERDL
2794:and
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1020:guns
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735:and
671:The
473:1948
465:1970
461:1966
457:1963
453:1954
398:SyAA
380:The
367:Gen.
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108:Size
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