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6853:
1006:, on 4 April. At their second meeting the following day, Gandhi informed him that Sheikh Mujib had been arrested and transported to Pakistan though Pakistan had not made this official yet. Asked about the Bangladesh government, he replied, having consulted with Amir-ul Islam the day before, that a provisional government had been formed with Sheikh Mujib as its president with the senior Awami League leaders who had attended the Mujib-Yahya talks as cabinet members. Tajuddin presented himself as the prime minister. Except for Sheikh Mujib, the whereabouts of the other members was unknown. Two crucial resolutions were reached in that meeting: India opened its borders to Bangladeshi refugees saving millions of lives in the upcoming days when Pakistani aggression reached outside major cities, and India allowed the Bangladesh Government to operate within Indian territory. The Indian government also promised to help the Bangladeshi liberation war by any means possible.
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same day, Yahya Khan arrived in Dhaka and a series of meetings took place between them until late March. Mujib assured Yahya that his party would not harm West
Pakistan's interests. He also pressed Yahya to withdraw the declaration of martial law immediately; Yahya refused, claiming legal difficulties with that. Mujib offered his assistants, Tajuddin and Kamal Hossain, to meet Khan's legal experts to sort out the difficulties. Yahya accepted the offer, and Kamal Hossain and Tajuddin met his experts and made some progress. Troops and arms were being concentrated from West Pakistan. Mujib urged Yahya to stop the reinforcements, warning him of the consequences. The Awami League leadership expected that on 24 March final negotiations would take place, however, that day passed with no meeting. On 25 March they learned that Yahya's delegation had secretly left Dhaka, leaving the discussions unfinished, killing any hope for a peaceful settlement.
614:, thousands of miles apart. The far larger West Wing (current Pakistan), adjacent to the western border of India, comprised four provinces, and only East Bengal constituted the much smaller East Wing (current Bangladesh), adjacent to the eastern edge of India. Abul Hashim and Shaheed Suhrawardy opposed the partition of Bengal and did not migrate to Pakistan immediately. Even though it was leading the Pakistan cause, the Muslim League's inadequacy to lead Pakistan as a nation was apparent to factions within it. A faction of the 150 Moghultuli Lane-based Muslim League skeptics, led by Kamruddin Ahmed, formed the Gano Azadi League, a civil rights organisation with a small following, in July 1947, a month before the partition of India. In contrast to the Muslim League, the organisation took progressive views on many issues, like the economy, culture, and education. Apart from Tajuddin, other founding members of the Gano Azadi League included
2852:, p. 206: "One of the first things Tajuddin wanted to do after arriving in Calcutta was to get in touch with Chittaranjan Sutar. He was a Hindu Awami Leaguer from Barisal who had been asked by Mujib in the late 1960's to settle in Calcutta to maintain contact with the Indian authorities in case of any help was needed from them. He was living in Bhowanipur area of Calcutta and Tajuddin had memorised his address, instead of writing it down, for security reasons. Tajuddin mentioned the address of Chittaranjan as 26 Prasad Road to Surajit Chattapadhya, a BSF officer, who was looking after him. But there was no road called Prasad Road in Calcutta. Chittaranjan Sutar's name was not listed in the telephone directory because he had changed his name to Bhujanga Bhushan Roy. The street where Chittaranjan Sutar was living had been named after Dr. Rajendra Prasad, a former President of India, and was called Rajendra Road, not Prasad Road."
1119:) was formed, with Osmani as its commander-in-chief. Young people at various locations put up armed resistance. Unable to overcome the Pakistani forces' onslaught, owing mainly to lack of heavy arms and manpower, both soon retreated into Indian territory. As Pakistani forces spread around the country, thousands of youths from occupied Bangladesh crossed the border into India, seeking arms and training to join the fight against the Pakistani occupation force. Among the Tajuddin Government's top priorities was coordinating those ongoing war efforts. In mid-July (10 to 15) the sector commanders of the BDF met at a conference at the Bangladesh Government's headquarters on Theatre Road in Kolkata. The conference set a course for the conduct of the war in the coming months. The irregular guerrilla warriors were named
1273:, dominated by the members of the Mujib Bahini, was formed. His frustration with government and his party was rising quickly; rumours of Tajuddin's desire to resign from the cabinet were circulating. Sensing his frustration, the burgeoning, newly formed political party Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal, desperately in search of a prominent face, approached him. He declined their offer. By September 1974, he had resolved to resign from cabinet after a month-long state tour. However, his intention to resign somehow reached the top of the government before he could act, and within days of his return from the tour in October, the prime minister ordered him to resign. On 26 October 1974, Tajuddin resigned from the cabinet. After his resignation, he remained largely inactive in politics.
851:, the Ayub regime began showing signs of compromise. On 1 February 1969, Ayub Khan announced a conference (popularly known as the Round Table Conference or RTC), in Rawalpindi, on 17 February 1969 with the opposition parties, including the Awami League. The Awami League declared the RTC would not gain credibility with their president, Mujib, imprisoned and refused to attend the conference. Ayub Khan rejected the opposition party forum's plea for Mujib's release citing legal difficulties. A legal battle ensued between the Awami League and the junta over Mujib's release. Faced with popular pressure, the conference was postponed. On 17 February 1969, Tajuddin, just released from imprisonment, joined his two Awami League comrades, lawyers
1052:, an Awami League economist who also escaped Dhaka after the 25 March crackdown and made it to Delhi. In his speech, Tajuddin informed the people of Bangladesh of the formation of the government and the war's progress. He praised the spontaneous armed resistances taking place at the various parts of the country and recognized their leaders. He also gave instructions to the people on the conduct of the war. Describing the Pakistani army's onslaught, Tajuddin asked the international community to express solidarity with the freedom struggle of Bangladesh. The speech was broadcast again the next day on Akashvani Kolkata, the regional service of the Indian state radio, for a broader audience.
726:), with their joint 21-point election manifesto, embodying many popular demands. Tajuddin, running on the Jukta Front ticket, was elected from his constituency, defeating the general secretary of the East Pakistan Muslim League, Fakir Abdul Mannan, by an overwhelming three to one proportion of the vote. At his twenty-nine, he became one of the youngest elected legislators of the assembly. The Jukta Front won a majority in the election, ending the Muslim League's dominance in East Pakistan. However, within months of taking office, the central government dissolved the Jukta Front cabinet on the pretext of conspiring to secede by its chief minister
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674:, a Muslim cleric turned politician, as its president. Tajuddin admired Maulana Bhashani but showed little interest in his party initially. He and his disillusioned former Muslim League fellows kept meeting regularly at their haunts, speculating on the characteristics and the future of Pakistan, envisioning new political parties. Members of that group, notably Oli Ahad and Mohammad Toaha, founded the Jubo League, a youth organisation, at a youth convention that took place in March 1951. Tajuddin was elected a member of the Jubo League executive committee at its first annual council later that year.
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League, Tajuddin became close to Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman, one of the founders of the party. Since 1962, following party President Suhrawardy's policy, the Awami League joined a front of democratic parties, called the National Democratic Front (NDF), against Ayub's military regime and ceased functioning as an individual party. In 1964, after Suhrawardy's death, Mujib, the general secretary of the Awami League, revived it as a party in the face of opposition by some senior leaders. Mujib's influence in the Awami League only increased with Tajuddin as his 'right-hand man'.
745:. Ayub Khan declared himself president and chief martial law administrator. Four years later, in 1962, he instituted a new constitution, abrogating the old one, legitimising his junta's rule. He also reformed the election process in his favour and brutally suppressed democratic activities. Tajuddin was arrested in 1958, just after Ayub Khan took over and was imprisoned for a year. Under Ayub's rule, the suffering and deprivation in East Pakistan increased. West Pakistan dominated politics, administration, commerce, industry, and education; West Pakistan's cities, like
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the league's support. Meanwhile, just before the conference, President Ayub Khan visited Dhaka at the end of
January 1966 and invited East Pakistani political leaders, including Sheikh Mujib, to a talk. Mujib wanted to seize the opportunity to put forward a few demands, highlighting East Pakistan's interests to the president. Prior to the meeting, Tajuddin, a close confidante of Mujib by then, drafted the demands as a number of specific points, a precursor of the historic six-points demand. However, the demands did not make it to Ayub Khan on that occasion.
2383:, p. 144: "In informal consultations prior to meeting Ayub, Sheikh Mujib decided to press the other Bengali leaders to agree to a common charter of demands to present to Ayub. He further pressed that in this charter there should be included a number of specific points defining the quantum of autonomy which the Bengalis considered to be essential for securing their interest. This was the occasion on which a number of specific points were put down on paper. Tajuddin Ahmed who was then the General Secretary of the Party, put these points down on paper."
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5067:
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The military junta and the West
Pakistani political parties viewed six points as a threat to Pakistan's unity. The Ayub Administration was determined to suppress six points by any means. Awami League workers, already being brutally oppressed, came under even greater persecution. Tajuddin himself was arrested in 1966, as were many other senior Awami League leaders. In 1968, while Tajuddin was still in prison, Sheikh Mujib and some others, mostly East Pakistani military officials, were arrested on charges of
497:, Tajuddin's home, was an impoverished hinterland of West Bengal, with a mostly poor Muslim peasant population. During Tajuddin's formative years, British rule in India was nearing its end and Bengal was battered by famines, communal tensions and other problems. It was a hotbed of anti-British activism. Against this backdrop, his political activism began at a very early age, sometimes interrupting his studies. The anti-British activists of Bengal were his earliest political inspiration.
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1135:
occupied
Bangladesh into nine administrative zones, called Zonal Administrative Councils, for administrative convenience. On another order, issued on 18 September, the number was increased to eleven. Each zonal council was chaired by an elected legislator and several administrative officers were appointed by the Government under him. Amidst occasional pressures from within his party, Tajuddin played a key role in keeping the administration from becoming politicised.
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905:, won 81 seats in West Pakistan and appointed no candidates in East Pakistan. Tajuddin ran and was elected from his constituency. With the elections concluded, the president was to inaugurate the National Assembly, and the elected legislators were to draft a new constitution. With the Awami League being in the majority in the assembly, there remained no obstacle to writing a constitution that complied with the
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859:, who were already leading the legal proceedings, on their flight to Rawalpindi to negotiate Mujib's release. Despite its initial objections, the Ayub government eventually conceded and agreed to release Mujib unconditionally so that he could attend the Round Table Conference. Finally, authorities released Sheikh Mujib, the unanimous leader of East Pakistan, from prison on 23 February 1969.
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Mujib Bahini boys who, it was feared, might take advantage of the anarchic situation prevailing at that time to settle their scores with him. In fact
Tajuddin himself had confirmed this reason in a conversation with one of his friends in his Mujibnagar office. We recall that he returned to Dhaka with his cabinet six days later, on December22, by which time the security situation had improved.
1230:. On 23 December, recognising the sacrifice of the freedom fighters and their tremendous potential in building the newborn nation, the Tajuddin government declared that all enlisted and non-enlisted freedom fighters would be inducted into a National Militia. His administration quickly embarked on the immediate task of restoring law and order in the newly independent country.
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3547:, p. 345: "Tajuddin had also been disheartened by the performance of Awami League in power. When he passed through New York shortly after Mujib's visit, I had the opportunity of talking to him alone during lunch at home and later, when I drove him to the airport. Normally a reserved person, he did not hide his bitterness about the way things had gone wrong in Bangladesh."
1161:(RAW). Mujib Bahini clashed with the regular forces at various places. Sector Commanders of the regular forces and Osmani urged the government to bring them under the same command. Tajuddin himself expressed his concern about Mujib Bahini to Indian officials on occasion and to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi at their meeting on 22 October. The situation, however, never improved.
1087:, after Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Later the government-in-exile came to be popularly known as the Mujibnagar Government. Mujibnagar was abandoned quickly after the oath ceremony as participants feared a raid by Pakistani forces. The government settled in Kolkata, in exile, for the rest of the warâbriefly at a house on Ballyganj Circular Road and then at 8 Theatre Road.
690:, who succeeded Nazimuddin as the chief minister in 1948, again sided with West Pakistan. Tajuddin, as a Jubo League worker and an early participant of the movement, was elected a member of the University State Language Action Committee to advance Bengali as a state language, set up the in early 1951 by the students of the Dhaka University. The
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taking control of East
Pakistan. Mujib kept issuing regular directives to people and party workers. Tajuddin, Kamal Hossain, and Amir-ul Islam were put in charge of drafting the directives. Non-cooperation was an immediate success; people spontaneously defied a curfew imposed by the Army. On 7 March 1971, however, in a
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Though Mujib initially proposed a presidential government, at
Tajuddin's insistence, he accepted a parliamentary system. In the reformed cabinet, with Sheikh Mujib as prime minister, Tajuddin was put in charge of the Ministry of Finance and Planning. He was also appointed a member of the committee in charge of drafting the
711:, close to his home in Gazipur. The school was in poor condition. During his visits to Dhaka at that time, besides taking part in political activism, he often lobbied for managing government aid for the school. After a year and three months, he returned to Dhaka and resumed his studies for his BA in economics in late 1952.
1168:, a key ally of Pakistan, without the Government's knowledge. With Sheikh Mujib on trial in Pakistan for high treason, the same group was also spreading the 'either freedom or Mujib' doctrine. Indian intelligence agencies had discovered the fact just before Mostaq was scheduled to lead the Bangladesh delegation to the
2304:, p. 118: "In the mean time Bengali economists, statisticians and planners began to highlight vigorously the uneven economic development of the two wings of Pakistan... Hitherto, perception of discrimination was based on anecdotal evidence; now at least there were hard facts and figures to back it up."
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office, Mansur Ali the
Finance Minister's, and Colonel Osmani, a retired veteran of the Pakistan army turned Awami League politician, was appointed commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The entire cabinet returned to Kolkata on 13 April, set to take oath at some yet unoccupied place in Bangladesh.
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Aware of this tension between Mujib and
Tajuddin, the youth leaders sought to exploit it to advance their own agenda with Gandhi's blessing. General Uban Singh confirmed this account. RAW's decision to raise a separate militia stemmed from India's fear that the freedom fighters, or the Mukti Bahini,
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I had known and worked closely with Tajuddin before and after independence. He was not only a patriot but also in my view the most serious minded, conscientious and competent as well as the most hardworking among the Ministers. Tajuddin usually took the views of the Planning Commission seriously and,
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Under Tajuddin's premiership, many Bengali bureaucrats, diplomats and military officers serving Pakistan defected to the new Government of Bangladesh. The Government soon established a capable civil administration. On 27 July, Tajuddin, as the prime minister, issued an order (GA/810/345) that divided
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While Tajuddin was in Delhi, part of the Awami League leadership congregated in Kolkata. Many of them, notably the youth and student leaders, viewed Tajuddin's meeting with the Indian prime minister as an outrageous act sidelining them. On returning to Kolkata, on 8 April, Tajuddin found and met
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Though Yahya Khan promised to resume talks on 25 March, everybody was apprehensive that an armed conflict was imminent. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman kept ordering his workers to escape to safety. Despite Tajuddin's and others' repeated insistence, Mujib refused to escape until 25 March, fearing it
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demand. The Awami League quickly embarked on drafting a constitution proposal accordingly before the assembly is inaugurated. Sheikh Mujib and the senior Awami League leaders, including Tajuddin, met intensely with a group of legal and economic experts for about a month at a house on the banks of the
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In the party council of the Awami League on 14â15 March 1966, Sheikh Mujib was elected president and Tajuddin its general secretary. Promulgated by the Awami League, six points became the voice of the East Pakistani people, their charter of emancipation, while getting little support in West Pakistan.
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Despite its critical role in the Language Movement, the Jubo League was unsuccessful as a mainstream political party. Its members made their way into other established political parties. Many of them joined the Awami Muslim League, which after the Language Movement of 1952, emerged as East Pakistan's
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provincial government, led by the chief minister Khwaja Nazimuddin, mostly sided with West Pakistan on various issues. The university became an important centre of political activism; as usual Tajuddin became an enthusiastic participant in them. Many Kolkata-based pro-Hashim workers migrated to Dhaka
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It was natural to expect that Tajuddin would be present on the historic occasion of the surrender of the Pakistani Generals on December 16. But he was not. The only plausible explanation of this disappointing absence is the lack of security of his person in Dhaka, particularly because of presence of
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Sheikh Mani, who was also among the group, asked to postpone the broadcast and thereby announcing the formation of the government until they reach Agartala. Tajuddin asked Islam to postpone the broadcast accordingly. However, Islam, pressed by Majumdar, gave permission to broadcast without informing
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Tajuddin used to be a regular and meticulous diarist. An active participant of the Bengali language movement, his diaries during the late 1940s and early 1950s chronicled first-hand accounts of the political activities and events of that time. Those diaries provided material for later researchers on
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Sheikh Mujib used to be the key figure in the Awami League; most major decisions came from him. His arrest in the beginning of the liberation war created a critical leadership void that put Tajuddin in a difficult position. However, Tajuddin quickly earned Indian prime minister Indira Gandhi and her
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and Tripura. The number of refugees would eventually reach ten million. As the war broke out, Bengali soldiers serving in various Pakistani battalions revolted and put up armed resistance against Pakistani forces all over Bangladesh. Rebel commanders of these battalions, unaware of the establishment
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While the rest of the senior leadership had already accepted Tajuddin as the prime minister, Khondaker Mostaq, being the senior most among the leaders, initially laid claim to be the rightful candidate for that position. After being persuaded by others, he eventually accepted the foreign minister's
1276:
From early 1975, Sheikh Mujib began a radical reform of the government and its administration. The Constitution was amended on 25 January 1975 to introduce a presidential form of government, declaring Mujib president. On 24 February 1975 President Mujib banned all political parties except
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Reunited in Agartala, the Awami League leadership pondered the cabinet agenda and distributing cabinet offices. In the absence of President Sheikh Mujib, Syed Nazrul Islam served as acting president, Khondaker Mostaq took the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Qamarauzzaman was given the State Minister's
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plane borrowed from the Indian government and set off in search of other cabinet members scattered around the borders. Flying at low altitudes, the plane stopped at various airstrips at the borders, most of them built by the British Army during the Second World War. After picking up cabinet members
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The Awami League is quite competent to frame a constitution and form the Central Government. That would be done with or without the support of any party... The Punjab and Sind can no longer aspire to be the "bastion of power". If we are to move towards a better future, such claims should be avoided
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severely damaged the Ayub regime's prestige. The opposition parties of Pakistan sought to exploit the situation by negotiating with the junta for more democratisation; they called for a conference in Lahore on 3 February 1966 and invited rising Awami League leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, to win
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got its spark on 27 January 1952 as Prime Minister Khwaja Nazimudduin of Pakistan declared that 'the state language of Pakistan shall be Urdu and no other language'. On 21 February 1952, police opened fire on protest processions at various places, killing several protesters. Police raided
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Released from nine months of imprisonment in Pakistan, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman returned to Dhaka on 10 January 1972. Tajuddin and Mujib met privately on 11 January to decide the future leadership. As was the popular wish, Tajuddin happily agreed to transfer the prime minister's office to Mujib.
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After nine months of war, the Pakistani forces in Bangladesh surrendered at Dhaka on 16 December 1971. Tajuddin and his cabinet returned from Kolkata to Dhaka, now the capital of the newly independent Bangladesh, on 22 December 1971. In an address at the Dhaka airport that day and at the
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on the Bangladeshi population there, killing thousands of people. Like the entire nation, the Awami League's leadership was taken by surprise; they scattered, each busy finding their own path to safety, and losing contact with one another for a few days. On the night of 25 March, Tajuddin and
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The split between Mujib and Tajuddin started just after Mujib's return to Bangladesh after independence. S A Karim maintains that the enemies Tajuddin had earned during the war caused his downfall. Tajuddin's distance with Mujib frustrated him deeply. Economist Nurul Islam who had been the deputy
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Only Tajuddin was mentally equipped to lead Awami League out of a situation like this (liberation struggle). That was his biggest strength. He displayed all the initiatives, while his rivals (within Awami League) failed to formulate that else to look for apart from Indian recognition, followed by
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in front of a massive gathering, Sheikh Mujib called for an indefinite general strike, asking his people to be prepared for any emergency and issued an ultimatum to the military junta. On 15 March, Tajuddin, as the general secretary of Awami League, issued 35 directives to the people. On the
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Unable to secure any compromise on six-points from the Awami League leadership in the previous months, on 1 March, Yahya Khan postponed the inaugural session of the National Assembly on 3 March, indefinitely. Sheikh Mujib immediately called for non-cooperation by his people, effectively
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to the committee. They called for a new constitution, ensuring autonomy of provinces on key matters like monetary policy and defence instead of the prevalent absolute central governance. West Pakistani leaders present there received the six points with absolute disappointment; they viewed it as a
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Two separate, but freely convertible currencies for two wings should be introduced; or if this is not feasible, there should be one currency for the whole country, but effective constitutional provisions should be introduced to stop the flight of capital from East to West Pakistan. Furthermore, a
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as the general secretary of the Bengal Provincial Muslim League in 1943. Tajuddin, still a school student in Dhaka, joined the Muslim League in the same year. Hashim envisioned the creation of a 'leftist' faction within the Muslim League against the prevailing leadership. He set out to reform the
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After his rise to the senior ranks of the Awami League leadership, Tajuddin had been involved in most major party and government policy decisions. He was an important bridge between the political leadership and the technocrats supporting them. His prominent collaborators include economists Nurul
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Mujib and Tajuddin were complete opposites in many ways. Mujib was a powerful orator and had an uncommon ability to win the trust and loyalty of the people by voicing in simple language their inner thoughts and longings ... Tajuddin was a man of different temperament and talents. He had a lively
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visit to Bangladesh in 1972, Tajuddin's response was cold, and their meeting ended bearing no fruit. According to the 1970 election manifesto spirit, in the first Bangladesh National Budget in 1972, Tajuddin declared the nationalisation of industries. This came under strong criticism. One of the
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Apart from organising the liberation war, over the nine months, Tajuddin had to deal with various problems originating from within his party. As Sheikh Mujib did not explicitly name his successor in his absence, a faction within the Awami League denounced his premiership from the beginning; they
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At the same time, as a frequenter of Dhaka's political circles, Tajuddin was drawn increasingly towards the national political arena. He witnessed the marginalization of his 150 Moghultuli faction of the Muslim League at their leader Hashim and Suhrawardy's absence in the political scene of East
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newspaper, the Muslim League's mouthpiece, labelled Hashim and his followers as communists in disguise. Both groups contested elections in district party committees. In the 1944 Dhaka district committee elections, Tajuddin helped Kamruddin and the Moghultli group win a surprising victory against
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On 15 April, Tajuddin secretly met Hossain Ali, the deputy high commissioner of Pakistan, in Kolkata. Tajuddin persuaded Ali, along with his Bengali staff, to switch allegiance to the Bangladesh government the day after the cabinet took their oaths. As promised, Ali and 70 employees at the
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rejected the idea of the cabinet outright. Instead, he proposed setting up a revolutionary council dedicated to conducting armed resistance only. Amir-ul Islam explained the inadequacy of the revolutionary council and the necessity of a legal government. After this, and following Qamaruzzaman's
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Since the mid-1950s, the Awami Muslim League had been turning towards secularism; it dropped 'Muslim' from its name in 1955, becoming known as the Awami League. It became vocal over the economic disparity between East and West Pakistan and began gaining popularity among the masses. In the Awami
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Khondakar also knew that the situation was bound to be grave once Nazrul Islam, Tajuddin Ahmed, Kamaruzzaman and Mansur Ali were released ... Khondakar had had them arrested under various pretexts shortly after Mujib's assassination, and they were still rotting in Dacca Jail. So, Khondakar ...
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Except for predominant Muslim populations, East and West Pakistan had little in common. East Pakistan or East Bengal was not even a part of the Pakistan state as originally imagined by its ideological fathers; Pakistan was rather conceived to be comprising approximately the territories of West
1394:
Mujib deferred to Tajuddin on many critical matters. As the PPP leader Zulfikar Ali Bhutto called for a public debate on the six points, which never took place, Mujib nominated Tajuddin to defend his case. During the constitution drafting discussions, after the 1970 elections, Mujib considered
566:, which demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India. Founded in 1906, in Dhaka, the Muslim League's leadership came mostly from the feudal elites. Headquartered in Kolkata, the Bengal Provincial Muslim League, had had little grassroots organisation or activity in Bengal for a long time.
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Tajuddin was found to be the only person who had right political ideas for the task Bangladesh had set before itself. The Government of India also realised that Tajuddin was irreplaceable in the sense that things have been even more chaotic if somebody else other than him took over. These two
1268:
In the new Awami League, and in the new cabinet, Tajuddin found himself increasingly cornered by rival factions. His was growing distant from Mujib; they differed on a number of issues: the National Militia scheme, consisting of freedom fighters, proposed by Tajuddin was abandoned; instead a
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There should be two separate accounts for the foreign exchange earnings of the two wings; the foreign exchange requirements of the federal government should be met by the two wings equally or in a ratio to be fixed; indigenous products should move free of duty between the two wings, and the
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Deputy High Commission swore allegiance to the Bangladesh Government, turning the Pakistan High Commission on 9 Circus Avenue into the Bangladesh Mission in Kolkata for good. The mission came to house part of the government's offices, most importantly, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
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In independent Bangladesh, Tajuddin served as the Minister of Finance and Planning in Sheikh Mujib's Cabinet from 1972 to 1974. He was also a member of the committee drafting the Constitution of Bangladesh. He resigned from the cabinet in 1974 to live a quiet life. Following Sheikh Mujib's
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Tajuddin attended the Round Table Conference as part of the Awami League delegation led by Mujib. At this conference, the Awami League's six points again came under strong opposition from the West Pakistani politicians. On 13 March, in the concluding session, Ayub Khan approved the
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India developed the Bangladesh Liberation Force plan after it had become aware of the power struggle within the Awami League. Many Awami League leaders opposed Tajuddin as prime minister. Some of the youth and student leaders openly expressed their displeasure with his appointment
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2558:, p. 88: "The political steering group for this task was headed by Sheikh Mujib and consisted of Nazrul Islam, Tajuddin, Moshtaque, Kamruzzaman, Mansoor Ali, and Kamal Hossain ... Tajuddin was the next most active and enthusiastic interlocutor among the political leaders."
1863:, pp. 51â52: "The Dacca district Muslim League was, in fact, a prisoner within the four walls of Ahsan Manzil, the family headquarters of the Nawab family of Dacca... Nine members of the Dacca Nawab family were members of the Bengal Provincial Legislative Assembly."
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as 'bastions of power in Pakistan', two states where his party had won a sweeping majority. So, he asserted, no central government can function without his party's support. To which Tajuddin, as the general secretary of the Awami League, replied in an official statement:
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Tajuddin remained committed to the idea of a provisional government, believing only a legitimate government could muster the international support necessary for the liberation war. On 10 April, accompanied by Amir-ul Islam, Sheikh Mani and others, he boarded an old
757:, became centres of decision making, thrived as centres of trade, commerce and opportunity. The East Pakistan capital, Dhaka, was relegated to near obscurity. West Pakistani business persons dominated major East Pakistan businesses involved in jute and tea, for example.
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It seemed to me that Tajuddin was frequently too outspoken in public. He was deeply frustrated that he had lost the full confidence of Sheikh Mujib, which he had enjoyed in the pre-1971 days. He occasionally gave expression to his frustration in public and was not very
2448:, p. 156: "... in view of mounting tension I was urged to travel to Rawalpindi to make further efforts to secure the release of Sheikh Mujib. Tajuddin Ahmed, who had just been released from jail, Amirul Islam and myself reached Rawalpindi on 17 February."
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Tajuddin's initiative for a joint front of political parties, training the leftist youths as guerrillas, refusals to politicise the administration made him unpopular in his party. His vocal stance against the Mujib Bahini made him unpopular among the youths.
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in 1944, securing 12th position in undivided Bengal. After matriculation, Tajuddin briefly lost interest in formal education because of his activism, pausing his studies for three years. At his mother's insistence, he resumed his studies and was admitted to
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Meanwhile, the Awami League's victory soared the anxiety among the West Pakistani opposition parties and the military junta alike. The PPP desired for a coalition between the two. After the election, on 20 December in Lahore the PPP leader Bhutto described
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on the Bangladeshi population on 25 March 1971, Tajudddin escaped to India. In the absence of Sheikh Mujib, he initiated the set up of the Provisional Government of Bangladesh in 1971 and headed it, operating in exile in India, as its prime minister.
897:, East Pakistan and West Pakistan constituted 162 and 138 seats respectively. The Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, secured 160 out of 162 seats in East Pakistan and none in West Pakistan, still becoming the majority. Its closest contender, the
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Muslim League organisation in Bengal. As part of this reform, in 1944, Hashim helped found the Muslim League party office in Dhaka at 150 Moghultuli Lane. The office became a haunt for the party's progressive young dissidents, including Tajuddin, led by
1384:
Though Tajuddin and Sheikh Mujib were men of different dispositions, they developed a highly fruitful political rapport between themselves, which proved to be crucial for the birth of Bangladesh. Mujib's biographer S A Karim contrasts between the two:
1470:... Tajuddin Ahmad was quite as fertile in his contributions as any of the academics demonstration deep political insight dialectical skill and an extraordinary capacity to absorb and break down complicated technical issues to their basic essentials.
1010:
the group of leaders, including A H M Qamaruzzaman, and informed them of the Delhi meeting's outcomes, including the provisional government. Some of the leadership present there questioned Tajuddin's legitimacy as prime minister. The youth leader
686:-speaking East Bengal, the state language decision was postponed for a while. However, as authorities continued efforts to push Urdu in various guises, the simmering dispute resurged in 1951. The ruling Muslim League provincial government, led by
2618:, p. 178: "It was decided that directives should be issued centrally. Mr. Tajuddin, Amirul Islam and myself were entrusted with the task of drafting directives and issuing them after having these approved by Sheikh Mujib and party leaders."
1306:
and killed Sheikh Mujib and a large part of his extended family on 15 August 1975. Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad, who held office in Sheikh Mujib's cabinet and was complicit in the conspiracy, immediately ascended to the presidency and imposed
867:
proposal, however, he refused to comment on the autonomy of the provinces as the six points demanded, citing it as a matter that only elected legislators could decide. This effectively postponed it until a general election could take place.
1182:
In September, 40 members of the national and provincial assemblies of the South Zone, issued a statement expressing dissatisfaction on Tajuddin's performance as prime minister and demanded his resignation from the cabinet and Awami League.
695:
the Jubo League's office on 21 and 22 February; Tajuddin, who was residing in the office at that time, barely avoided arrest. As a result of the movement, the government conceded and granted Bengali status as a state language.
3728:
Towards the end of July 1975, armed with information that a plot was on to murder the Father of the Nation, he turned up at 32 Dhanmondi to warn his leader of the impending danger. Bangabandhu, as was his wont, was dismissive of the
421:'s delay in transferring power to the elected legislators. Tajuddin was among Sheikh Mujib's delegation in the Mujib-Yahya talks to settle the constitutional disputes between East and West Pakistan and transfer power to the elected
1412:
India's unwillingness in recognising Bangladesh as a state and no direct military intervention in the early months caused frustration among the Awami League leadership; Tajuddin appreciated the difficulties involved in the matter.
404:
As the General Secretary of the Awami League from 1966, Tajuddin coordinated the party during the tumultuous late 1960s and early 1970s, suffering imprisonment on several occasions. He formulated the early draft of the historic
677:
East and West Pakistan came into a major conflict over the state language question within a month of Pakistan's independence in 1947. West Pakistan leaders, including Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, advocated for
875:, who reportedly had been pulling the strings of the Round Table Conference from behind the scenes, took over as president. Yahya immediately abrogated the Constitution, imposed martial law, and promised a general election.
1047:
on 10 April, Golok Majumdar arranged the broadcast of Tajuddin's first radio speech as the prime minister of Bangladesh from a clandestine radio station. The speech was recorded in Delhi from a draft prepared by Islam and
1403:, Gandhi's secretary and adviser to her on Bangladesh affair in the early months of the war, explains the reason behind Indian government's preference to Tajuddin over other Awami League leaders as prime minister:
1484:
Tajuddin Ahmed, 46. Prime Minister, a lawyer who has been a chief organizer in the Awami League since its founding in 1949. He is an expert in economics and is considered one of the partyâs leading intellectuals.
805:
The power of taxation and revenue collection should be vested in the federating units and the federal centre would have no such power. The federation would be entitled to a share in the state taxes to meet its
1612:
As a contingency plan, the Awami League leadership was supposed to meet at the house of a former Awami League worker settled in Kolkata named Chittaranjan Sutar. Before leaving for Delhi, Tajuddin asked his
1157:. Though initially commissioned by Osmani to recruit youths for the regular Bangladesh Forces, they eventually emerged as an independent armed force, under the auspices of the Indian intelligence agency
1105:
Starting in Dhaka and other major cities on 25 March, Pakistani forces occupied most of Bangladesh by late April, creating an influx of refugees into the bordering states of India, most notably in
737:
Pakistan framed its Constitution in 1956, more than eight years after its independence, under which a general election was supposed to be held in early 1958. In 1958, however, a military junta, led by
1138:
Tajuddin employed a number of capable diplomats in his government. In early April, he commissioned economist Rehman Sobhan to stop the economic advisor to Pakistani president Yahya Khan, economist
980:), Golok Majumdar received them. Majudmar immediately transported them to Kolkata with him. There, on the night of 30 March and the next day, Tajuddin and Islam had discussions with BSF chief
1284:
Despite their political differences, Tajuddin remained loyal to Mujib and in July 1975, having heard rumours of plots against Mujib rushed to warn him. Mujib did not take the threat seriously.
1257:
In the newly independent country, Mujib government struggled to address numerous problems. A dissident group of Chhatra League, Awami League's student wing, emerged as a political party called
393:(later the Awami League), a dissident offshoot of the Muslim League. The following year, he was elected a member of the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly. As a close confidante, he assisted
965:
Tajuddin came to learn days later that Sheikh Mujib had been arrested on the night of 25 March. Before his arrest, he broadcast the independence of Bangladesh in a radio message.
56:
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elections due next year, Tajuddin joined the Awami Muslim League in 1953, his Jubo League comrade Oli Ahad followed; the same year, he was elected as the general secretary of the
6621:
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under Osmany's command included guerrillas from various political persuasions and many of those guerrillas nurtured an ambition to turn East Pakistan into a Communist nation.
1250:
major arguments against it was that nationalised industries would be unable to find enough skilled manpower to run them. Tajuddin and his fellow planning commission member
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957:
would be used as a pretext to massacre innocent Pakistanis. Tajuddin also remained in Dhaka until 25 March, the night Yahya secretly left Dhaka and the Pakistan Army
470:), to Maulavi Muhammad Yasin Khan and Meherunnesa Khanam in a conservative, middle class Muslim family. He was the eldest of nine siblingsâthree brothers and six sisters.
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1330:", Tajuddin along with the other three imprisoned Awami League leaders was killed inside the jail by a group of army officers on the instruction of President Mostaq.
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his trusted long-time comrade Amir-ul Islam left their homes and families and went into hiding. They secretly left Dhaka on 27 March for neighbouring India.
798:
The federal government should deal with only two subjects: Defence and Foreign Affairs, and all other residual subjects should be vested in the federating states.
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1318:. On 22 August, he was arrested along with fellow Awami League leaders Syed Nazrul Islam, A H M Qamaruzzaman, and Muhammad Mansur Ali and imprisoned at the
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argued that if private enterprises can find manpower within the country the same must be the case for public enterprises and imposed their policies accordingly.
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intellect and an orderly mind. He was no demagogue and he was most persuasive in smaller circles. He had a strong sense of duty and was extremely hard-working.
606:
The Pakistan Movement intensified after the Second World War and the Hindu-Muslim communal riots in Bengal in 1946. In August 1947, India was partitioned, and
377:-based pro-democracy, secular Muslim League faction, which broke with the Muslim League's reactionary party line after the partition of India and the birth of
6781:
1142:, from acquiring fresh foreign aid for Pakistan and persuade Bangladeshi officials serving at Pakistani foreign missions to switch allegiance to Bangladesh.
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6703:
649:. The political atmosphere was grim in East Bengal. From the beginning, tensions developed between East and West Pakistan over various issues. The ruling
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5037:
417:, in which the League gained a historic parliamentary majority. He also coordinated the non-cooperation movement of March 1971 precipitated by President
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5015:
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Tajuddin's absence from the surrender ceremony and his cabinet's delay in returning to Dhaka has been subject of much controversy. Many sources claim
976:, Tajuddin and Amir-ul Islam crossed the Indian border on 30 March. At the border outpost the regional head of the Indian border security force (
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hosts to find Sutar's address; they could not find it. Tajuddin had to leave without contacting him. This added to the youth leaders' suspicions.
1408:
considerations decided the issue of continued Indian support to Tajuddin despite numerous representations from his opponents within Awami League.
1353:
Zohra was highly supportive of Tajuddin's political activism but had no involvement in politics during his lifetime. After the assassinations of
3769:
1153:, the student wing of the Awami League, workers united under a separate force, initially called the Bangladesh Liberation Force (BLF) and later
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after learning of their arrival. On 1 April, Tajuddin and Islam, accompanied by Majumdar, left for Delhi aboard a military cargo plane.
4965:
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590:, served as the de facto party headquarters. A rift developed between the Ahsan Manzil group and the 150 Moghultuli (Muslim League) group.
579:, a schoolteacher and later a lawyer. As one of the four 'full-time' party workers, Tajuddin helped Kamruddin publish the party newspaper.
521:
examination from there; instead, he took it from a private college as an irregular student in 1948 and passed, securing fourth position in
1323:
893:, the first of its kind in Pakistan after years of military rule, was held on 7 December 1970. Of the 300 parliamentary seats of the
4834:
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Economist professor Rehman Sobhan, recalls his experience of working with Tajuddin in drafting the constitution after the 1970 election:
1303:
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4436:] (in Bengali). Vol. 15. Dhaka: Ministry of Information, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. pp. 51â110.
1164:
By August, Minister of Foreign Affairs Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad and his cohorts at his ministry secretly established a liaison with the
795:, and the parliamentary form of government with supremacy of a Legislature directly elected on the basis of universal adult franchise.
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continued with their relentless efforts to discredit him. A lack of coordination among various government bodies arose on occasion.
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730:. Tajuddin was arrested following the dismissal of the cabinet. He took the law examination from prison and earned a BA degree in
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on which Dhaka stands. From those discussions, in which Tajuddin played a key role, an unofficial constitution draft came out.
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as the only state language of multilingual Pakistan. In response to protests from various intellectual and political bodies of
435:
1364:
Tajuddin's first daughter Sharmin Ahmad is an author and activist. His son Sohel Taj is a health and fitness activist and was
722:
chapter of the party. The Awami Muslim League participated in the election in a coalition with some other parties (called the
666:
Bengal and the Ahsan Manzil group's rise. In 1949, the 150 Moghultuli faction cut ties with the Muslim League and founded the
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led the Ahsan Manzil group; both held high offices in the provincial government and in the party. Their propaganda, aided by
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if convinced, strongly supported them during Cabinet discussions. The entire Planning Commission had great respect for him.
1376:'s cabinet in 2009. His second daughter Simeen Hussain was elected as a member of parliament for the Awami League in 2012.
1100:
1025:
351:
4568:]. Vol. 15. Dhaka: Ministry of Information, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. pp. 263â293.
4368:]. Vol. 15. Dhaka: Ministry of Information, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. pp. 143â193.
7859:
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President Ayub Khan resigned shortly after the conference, ending his 11-year rule; his commander-in-chief of the army,
7471:
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6766:
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4504:]. Vol. 3. Dhaka: Ministry of Information, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. pp. 30â32.
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1665:
4470:]. Vol. 3. Dhaka: Ministry of Information, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. pp. 7â12.
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East Pakistan should have a separate military or paramilitary force, and Navy headquarters should be in East Pakistan.
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of the Dhaka district. Later, in independent Bangladesh, like all sub-divisions, it was also graduated to a district.
1241:
As minister of finance, Tajuddin strongly resented foreign aid, particularly from the United States. He regarded the
734:. After his return from prison, he was elected as the social welfare and cultural secretary of Awami League in 1955.
715:
827:
Sheikh Mujib and Tajuddin attended the Lahore Conference and put forward the revised version of those points as the
802:
separate Banking Reserve should be established and separate fiscal and monetary policy be adopted for East Pakistan.
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with Tajuddin as its chairman describes their split as 'a great tragedy and bode ill for the future'. He observes:
1342:(died 20 December 2013)) a daughter of a professor. They had four children, three daughtersâSharmin Ahmad (Reepi),
610:
was born as a result, causing mass migration and violence. Pakistan consisted of two geographically non-contiguous
130:
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The oath taking ceremony took place on 17 April 1971, at a village along the India-Bangladesh border, called
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662:(popularly called the Students' League) on 4 January 1948. Tajuddin joined the party as a founding member.
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17:
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staged by another faction of the army to overthrow the Mostaq regime, in what became infamously known as the "
1083:, retroactively in effect from 10 April. Answering a journalist during the ceremony, Tajuddin named the place
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4492:[First Chapter: 12: Pakistani Deputy High Commissioner in Kolkata Switches Allegiance to Bangladesh]
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504:, his district headquarter and the principal town in East Bengal, for further studies. In Dhaka, he went to
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Dhaka Secretariate the following day, Tajuddin declared Bangladesh would be built upon the principles of
1302:
Capitalising on the growing unpopularity of the Sheikh Mujib government, a faction of the army staged a
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of a provisional government, met along with Colonel M A G Osmani on 4 April. At that meeting, the
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managed to allow the associates of the "killers" inside the jail to brutally kill these four leaders.
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sending Tajuddin or Syed Nazrul Islam to lead the central government if such necessity would arise.
517:. There he attended classes irregularly because of his activism. As a result, he could not take the
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1028:, and Syed Nazrul Islam from various places on the way, on 11 April, the entourage arrived in
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1179:. Tajuddin removed Mostaq from the UN delegation and sacked him later in December, after the war.
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4458:[First Chapter: 6: Prime minister Tajuddin Ahmad's address to the people of Bangladesh]
1417:, who later replaced Haksar, remarks that Tajuddin was the only capable leader to lead the war:
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1036:, where many other Awami League leaders had taken refuge, including Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad and
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Leaving his studies unfinished, Tajuddin left Dhaka in 1951 to work as a master at a school in
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The Constitution should provide for a Federation of Pakistan in its true sense based on the
362:
in 1971 and is regarded as one of the most instrumental figures in the birth of Bangladesh.
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8:
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or "Freedom Fighter") and the regular force was named "Regular Force" (popularly called
582:
Traditionally, the Muslim League in Dhaka and East Bengal at large was dominated by the
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4490:"āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ
āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ: ā§§ā§¨: āĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻĄā§āĻĒā§āĻāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻā§āĻˇāĻžāĻŦāĻ˛āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨"
1533:
Tajuddin dropped his surname Khan while registering for his matriculation examination.
810:
constitution should empower the units to establish trade links with foreign countries.
536:
Tajuddin lost his father at age twenty-two and took over the family responsibilities.
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nearing its end and Hindu-Muslim tensions on the rise, in 1940 the political party
463:
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346:
334:
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1660:] (in Bengali) (7th ed.). Dhaka: Khoshroj Kitab Mahal. pp. 597â598.
1079:, drafted by Amir-ul Islam and reviewed by Subrata Roy Chowdhury, a lawyer at the
442:
on 3 November 1975, along with three senior Awami League leaders in prison.
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1599:, also commonly known as the Jubo League, founded later in 1972, in independent
586:; many of its members held high offices in the party. Their residential palace,
450:
Tajuddin Ahmad Khan was born on 23 July 1925 at Dardaria, a village in the
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4456:"āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ
āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ: ā§Ŧ: āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļāĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ° āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻšāĻŽāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ"
4240:
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mediation, most of the leadership at the meeting accepted Tajuddin's proposal.
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2348:] (in Bengali) (7th ed.). Dhaka: Khoshroj Kitab Mahal. p. 453.
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1205:
Tajuddin and Syed Nazrul Islam's interview to AP at Dhaka on 25 December 1971
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as an instrument of United States' domination. During World Bank president
1154:
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587:
390:
350:; 23 July 1925 â 3 November 1975) was a Bangladeshi politician. He led the
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4192:
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1451:
1450:
Islam and Rehman Sobhan; lawyers Kamal Hossain and Amir-ul Islam; author
1308:
1107:
567:
555:
522:
382:
181:
55:
7179:
7169:
6415:
6282:
6257:
6171:
6166:
5425:
5137:
5048:
4854:
1600:
1573:
1242:
1227:
1084:
872:
864:
754:
687:
467:
418:
410:
397:
in revitalising the Awami League into a secular political party during
302:
1314:
Following these assassinations, Tajuddin was immediately placed under
641:
In the newly independent Pakistan, Tajuddin was a resident student of
7740:
7697:
6425:
5132:
3893:
1500:, released on 25 March 2007, features Tajuddin's life and work.
1223:
1219:
1044:
973:
911:
658:, who had enrolled in Dhaka University and a few others, founded the
526:
284:
654:
after the Partition and joined the 150 Moghultuli group. Among them
5536:
5264:
1556:
1029:
615:
4199:(2nd ed.). Chittagong: Bangladesh Co-operative Book Society.
1043:
Before reaching Agartala, during Tajuddin and his group's stop in
7724:
3986:
1555:
East Bengal was officially named East Pakistan in 1956, the year
1033:
969:
832:
secessionist proposal and refused to raise it in the conference.
750:
490:
4815:] (Motion picture) (in Bengali). Bangladesh: Kino-Eye Films.
4272:] (in Bengali). Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). Dhaka: Subarna.
4251:] (in Bengali). Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Dhaka: Subarna.
4598:] (in Bengali) (10th ed.). Dhaka: Prothoma Prokashan.
3589:
3577:
1278:
746:
474:
4654:] (in Bengali) (2nd ed.). Dhaka: Bhaskar Prokashani.
4270:
Language Movement of East Bengal and the Contemporary Politics
4249:
Language Movement of East Bengal and the Contemporary Politics
2029:
2027:
2025:
1361:, she reorganised and led the Awami League from 1975 to 1981.
991:
413:. He coordinated the Awami League's election campaign for the
7705:
7665:
3119:
2149:
985:
923:
501:
486:
478:
374:
4132:""Tajuddin Ahmed: An Unsung Hero" receives Australian award"
500:
After attending a few schools in Gazipur, Tajuddin moved to
3601:
3550:
2022:
679:
3567:
3565:
3490:
3083:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
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5090:
3734:
3382:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2597:
2429:
2427:
2425:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1261:(JSD) in late 1972. The ongoing economic crisis led to a
4849:
4070:
4068:
4066:
3792:
3468:
3466:
3196:
2662:
2660:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2520:
2077:
2053:
1878:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1281:. Tajuddin declined to join it and fell out with Mujib.
533:. He also took his law degree from University of Dhaka.
381:. As a member of the short-lived youth organisation the
4041:
4039:
3686:"Mujib Bahini sowed rift between Bangabandhu, Tajuddin"
3562:
3312:
3310:
3261:
3259:
3232:
3061:
3059:
3044:
3032:
2960:
2948:
2938:
2936:
2196:
2184:
2161:
2065:
1854:
1794:
4702:] (in Bengali) (3rd ed.). Dhaka: Muktadhara.
3244:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2905:
2892:
2890:
2877:
2875:
2855:
2821:
2819:
2732:
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2609:
2573:
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2510:
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2487:
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2463:
2451:
2439:
2422:
2374:
2283:
2237:
2235:
2220:
2101:
1724:
1684:
489:
majority population and housed the provincial capital
6850:
4596:
Rise and Fall of JSD: Politics in the Time of Turmoil
4063:
4012:
3746:
3637:
3625:
3613:
3538:
3526:
3514:
3502:
3478:
3463:
3451:
3439:
3427:
3370:
3358:
3322:
3143:
2657:
2585:
2532:
1938:
1765:
1753:
998:
Provisional Government of Bangladesh § Formation
932:
as they generate unnecessary and harmful controversy.
4566:
History of Bangladesh War of Independence: Documents
4502:
History of Bangladesh War of Independence: Documents
4468:
History of Bangladesh War of Independence: Documents
4434:
History of Bangladesh War of Independence: Documents
4366:
History of Bangladesh War of Independence: Documents
4036:
4024:
3649:
3346:
3334:
3307:
3256:
3220:
3208:
3155:
3131:
3107:
3095:
3071:
3056:
3020:
3008:
2996:
2984:
2972:
2933:
2921:
2843:
2720:
2708:
2410:
2398:
2386:
2362:
2295:
2271:
2125:
2113:
2089:
1998:
1986:
1902:
1890:
1866:
1842:
1830:
1818:
4722:
Making of a Nation, Bangladesh: An Economist's Tale
2902:
2887:
2872:
2831:
2816:
2804:
2792:
2780:
2768:
2756:
2744:
2696:
2549:
2499:
2320:
Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society
2259:
2247:
2232:
2208:
2137:
2010:
1974:
1962:
1950:
1926:
1914:
1806:
1782:
1322:. On 3 November, amidst the chaos of a second
1002:In Delhi, Tajuddin met with India's Prime Minister
764:
4159:
4112:
4100:
4087:
4051:
3800:
1741:
741:, the then minister of defence, seized power in a
7845:Members of the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh
7840:Candidates in the 1970 Pakistani general election
6575:
4420:[9: Barrister Amir-ul Islam (Interview)]
968:After a perilous journey, mostly on foot through
7756:
6556:2015 Expulsion of Pakistani diplomats from Dhaka
4784:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1094:
5678:Military plans of the Bangladesh Liberation War
4624:] (in Bengali). Dhaka: Prothoma Prokashan.
4352:[18: Doctor Kamal Hossain (Interview)]
4177:] (in Bengali). Dhaka: Prothoma Prokashan.
3878:
1279:Bangladesh Krishak Sromik Awami League (BAKSAL)
1265:. Anti-Awami League sentiment was on the rise.
4285:
3661:"The commitment of the martyred intellectuals"
3406:"The commitment of the martyred intellectuals"
27:Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 1971 to 1972
7800:Heads of government who were later imprisoned
7790:Bangladeshi people who died in prison custody
7487:
6836:
5031:
4835:
4805:Mokammel, Tanvir (director) (25 March 2007).
4583:
3860:"Zohra Tajuddin's anniversary of death today"
3280:The Bangladesh Military Coup and the CIA Link
7830:St. Gregory's High School and College alumni
5713:Pakistan Army order of battle, December 1971
4303:] (in Bengali). Dhaka: Sahitya Prakash.
2316:"Development of Underdevelopment: 1947â1969"
1650:'s presence in Dhaka as the main cause. See
945:
878:
438:in a coup d'Êtat, Tajuddin was arrested and
7820:Prisoners who died in Bangladeshi detention
4612:
4291:
4266:āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ āĻ¤ā§āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ
4245:āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ āĻ¤ā§āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ
3607:
3595:
3583:
3556:
3496:
3125:
3089:
1186:
992:Formation of Bangladesh Government in Exile
481:, consisted of two conceptual regions: the
409:that would eventually lead to the birth of
7494:
7480:
6843:
6829:
5718:Mitro Bahini Order of Battle December 1971
5038:
5024:
4842:
4828:
4418:"ā§¯: āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻ¸āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ (āĻ¸āĻžāĻā§āĻˇāĻžā§āĻāĻžāĻ°)"
4394:] (in Bengali) (3rd ed.). Dhaka:
4326:] (in Bengali) (2nd ed.). Dhaka:
4089:"Bangladesh: Out of War, a Nation Is Born"
1542:Gazipur used to be one of the constituent
1346:, and Mahjabin Ahmad (Mimi), and one son,
493:, a thriving centre of trade and culture;
143:12 January 1972 â 26 October 1974
54:
6734:Movement demanding trial of war criminals
5845:Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War
5342:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's speech of 7 March
4690:
4219:Pakistan: Failure in national integration
3854:
3852:
3655:
3400:
2202:
2190:
2178:
2071:
1776:
1735:
1690:
7825:Recipients of the Independence Day Award
6539:Deaths along the BangladeshâIndia border
5673:Sectors in the Bangladesh Liberation War
5367:Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence
4969:Seal of the Prime Minister of Bangladesh
4592:āĻāĻžāĻ¸āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ¤āĻ¨: āĻ
āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ
4552:[36: Rehman Sobhan (Interview)]
3940:
3826:
1379:
81:17 April 1971 â 12 January 1972
6632:Bangladesh Police Liberation War Museum
6482:International recognition of Bangladesh
5759:Battle of Rangamati-Mahalchari waterway
4484:
4450:
4344:
3113:
2978:
2651:
2627:
2615:
2579:
2567:
2493:
2481:
2469:
2457:
2445:
2433:
2380:
14:
7757:
7210:Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
4544:
4191:
3849:
3277:
3250:
2666:
2603:
2591:
2543:
1944:
1896:
1872:
1860:
1824:
1800:
1294:Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
7475:
6824:
6574:
6465:
6003:
5840:1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals
5387:
5091:Origins of the Bangladeshi Revolution
5089:
5019:
4823:
4742:
4716:
4645:
4589:
4518:
4412:
4317:
4263:
4239:
4213:
4165:
4118:
4106:
4074:
4057:
4045:
4030:
4018:
3798:
3752:
3740:
3710:
3643:
3631:
3619:
3571:
3544:
3532:
3520:
3508:
3484:
3472:
3457:
3445:
3433:
3388:
3376:
3364:
3352:
3340:
3328:
3316:
3265:
3238:
3173:
3161:
3149:
3137:
3101:
3077:
3065:
3050:
3038:
3026:
3014:
3002:
2990:
2966:
2954:
2942:
2927:
2915:
2896:
2881:
2866:
2849:
2837:
2825:
2810:
2798:
2786:
2774:
2762:
2750:
2738:
2726:
2714:
2702:
2690:
2678:
2639:
2555:
2526:
2514:
2416:
2404:
2392:
2368:
2336:
2326:: 1â12 – via researchgate.net/.
2301:
2289:
2277:
2265:
2253:
2241:
2226:
2214:
2155:
2143:
2131:
2119:
2107:
2095:
2083:
2059:
2016:
2004:
1992:
1980:
1968:
1956:
1932:
1920:
1908:
1884:
1848:
1836:
1812:
1788:
1759:
1747:
1651:
1516:List of prime ministers of Bangladesh
1504:Shahid Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College
660:East Pakistan Muslim Students' League
539:
345:
7850:Provisional Government of Bangladesh
5434:Provisional Government of Bangladesh
4999:
4773:
4700:The Political Life of Tajuddin Ahmad
4562:āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§: āĻĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°
4498:āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§: āĻĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°
4464:āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§: āĻĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°
4430:āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§: āĻĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°
4382:
4362:āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§: āĻĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°
4350:"ā§§ā§Ž: āĻĄāĻā§āĻāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ āĻšā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ (āĻ¸āĻžāĻā§āĻˇāĻžā§āĻāĻžāĻ°)"
3941:Mohaimen, Pallab (6 November 2020).
3831:. New Delhi: Vikas. pp. 77â78.
3770:"Justice for an Undisclosed Chapter"
3767:
3226:
3214:
3202:
2313:
2034:Hai, Muhammed Abdul (23 July 2010).
1506:in Gazipur is named after Tajuddin.
1101:Provisional Government of Bangladesh
352:Provisional Government of Bangladesh
7074:Centre for Research and Information
6514:1971 Prisoners of War Investigation
4682:: CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors (
3179:"Tajuddin Ahmed: Our history maker"
2346:Fifty Years of Politics As I Saw It
2033:
1658:Fifty Years of Politics As I Saw It
1457:Economist Nurul Islam said of him:
1338:On 26 April 1959, Tajuddin married
779:1969 Mass uprising in East Pakistan
525:. He obtained a BA with honours in
24:
7577:
7570:
5728:East Pakistan Air Operations, 1971
5071:Ministry of Liberation War Affairs
4964:
3994:"Life and times of Tajuddin Ahmed"
3768:Khan, Tamanna (12 November 2010).
477:province, the eastern frontier of
385:, he actively participated in the
25:
7871:
7795:Bangladesh independence activists
6751:War Crimes Fact Finding Committee
6497:Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh
6477:Pakistani Instrument of Surrender
4767:
4745:Sheikh Mujib: Triumph and Tragedy
3799:Habib, Haroon (4 November 2006).
3711:Ahsan, Syed Badrul (5 May 2014).
3284:Rupa Publications Private Limited
1696:
1433:Planning Commission of Bangladesh
1032:, capital of the Indian state of
849:the mass popular uprising of 1969
630:
425:. Following the Pakistani army's
7503:
7454:
7453:
7106:All Pakistan Awami Muslim League
6861:
6851:
6658:Bengali Genocide Remembrance Day
5983:Indo-Pakistani Naval War of 1971
5285:Constitution of Pakistan of 1962
5275:Constitution of Pakistan of 1956
5245:All Pakistan Awami Muslim League
5113:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
5065:
5047:
4998:
4987:
4986:
4550:"ā§Šā§Ŧ: āĻ°ā§āĻšāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ (āĻ¸āĻžāĻā§āĻˇāĻžā§āĻāĻžāĻ°)"
4124:
4080:
3960:
3934:
3908:
3820:
3776:. The Daily Star. Archived from
3704:
3678:
3394:
3271:
3167:
1640:
1630:
1620:
1568:Not to be confused with the one
1199:
1071:district), on Bangladeshi soil.
765:Six points and the 1969 uprising
699:most promising political party.
625:
389:in 1952. In 1953, he joined the
131:Ministry of Finance and Planning
7810:Politicians from Dhaka Division
7612:Martyred Intellectuals Memorial
7319:Chief Minister of East Pakistan
7138:Non-cooperation movement (1971)
7131:1970 Pakistani general election
6612:Martyred Intellectuals Memorial
5326:1970 Pakistani general election
5301:Swadhin Bangla Biplobi Parishad
4175:Banglar Moddhobitter Attobikash
4160:Late British India and Pakistan
3713:"Restoring Tajuddin in history"
2330:
2307:
1606:
1589:
1579:
1562:
1549:
1454:and journalist Muyeedul Hasan.
1277:one national party, called the
885:1970 Pakistani general election
702:
415:1970 Pakistani general election
7511:National symbols of Bangladesh
5895:1971 Dhaka University massacre
5698:Mutiny on PNS Mangro in Toulon
5316:1969 uprising in East Pakistan
4813:Tajuddin Ahmad: An Unsung Hero
4696:āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻšāĻŽāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨
3827:Dasgupta, Sukharanjan (1978).
1536:
1527:
1494:Tajuddin Ahmad: An Unsung Hero
1269:paramilitary force called the
670:(later the Awami League) with
13:
1:
7815:Prime ministers of Bangladesh
7623:(1971, independence monument)
7262:International Crimes Tribunal
7143:7 March Speech of Bangabandhu
6739:International Crimes Tribunal
6668:Armed Forces Day (Bangladesh)
6663:Independence Day (Bangladesh)
6622:Liberation War Memorial Trust
6546:BangladeshâPakistan relations
6466:
4808:āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻšāĻŽāĻĻ: āĻ¨āĻŋāĻāĻ¸āĻā§āĻ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻĨāĻŋ
4788:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
4652:Prime Minister Tajuddin Ahmad
4646:Ahmed, Siraj Uddin (2010) .
3886:"Biography of Tajuddin Ahmad"
2342:āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻļ āĻŦāĻāĻ°
2036:"In memory of Tajuddin Ahmed"
1678:
1654:āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻļ āĻŦāĻāĻ°
1095:Organising the Liberation War
445:
401:'s regime in the late 1960s.
7415:Prime Minister of Bangladesh
7397:Vice President of Bangladesh
5860:Shadhin Bangla Football Team
5169:Indian independence movement
4749:The University Press Limited
4726:The University Press Limited
4648:āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻāĻšāĻŽāĻĻ
4528:The University Press Limited
4328:The University Press Limited
4223:The University Press Limited
4171:āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻļ
1704:"Reminiscing a true patriot"
1652:Ahmad, Abul Mansur (2013).
1077:proclamation of independence
69:Prime Minister of Bangladesh
7:
7805:People from Kapasia Upazila
7189:Sheikh Mujib Administration
6551:2013 Pakistan Embassy siege
6534:2001 Indo-Bangla skirmishes
6004:
5855:Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra
3968:"Sohel Taj resigns from JS"
1672:for a contemporary account.
1509:
506:Saint Gregory's High School
347:[ËtaËdĘudËinËaÉĻmÉd]
10:
7876:
7860:1st Jatiya Sangsad members
7835:University of Dhaka alumni
7744:(national personification)
7604:National Martyrs' Memorial
7301:Prime Minister of Pakistan
6692:Decorations and depictions
6673:Martyred Intellectuals Day
6607:National Martyrs' Memorial
6524:BangladeshâIndia relations
6502:Hamoodur Rahman Commission
5978:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
5865:The Concert for Bangladesh
5294:Bengali self-determination
5280:1958 Pakistani coup d'Êtat
5209:Partition of Bengal (1947)
5154:Partition of Bengal (1905)
4782:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
4590:Ahmad, Mohiuddin (2014).
4392:Bangladesh Government 1971
4318:Hasan, Muyeedul (1992) .
4153:
3829:Midnight Massacre in Dacca
1291:
1236:Constitution of Bangladesh
1159:Research and Analysis Wing
1098:
995:
949:
882:
768:
634:
543:
7717:
7658:
7631:
7607:(1971, national monument)
7588:
7568:
7517:
7451:
7308:Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
7292:
7282:Criticism of Awami League
7245:2004 Dhaka grenade attack
7153:Bangladesh Liberation War
7087:
7066:
7013:
7003:Central Working Committee
6990:
6929:
6884:Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
6878:Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani
6870:
6759:
6721:
6691:
6678:Victory day of Bangladesh
6650:
6599:
6592:
6588:
6570:
6472:
6461:
6403:
6302:
6295:
6240:
6159:
6152:
6072:
6021:
6014:
6010:
5999:
5970:
5885:
5822:
5746:
5643:
5597:
5535:
5491:Special Guerrilla Forces
5424:
5417:
5413:
5383:
5334:
5293:
5260:Bengali language movement
5217:
5146:
5100:
5096:
5085:
5060:
5054:Bangladesh Liberation War
4976:
4962:
4866:
4639:
4286:Bangladesh Liberation War
4264:—— (2017b).
3943:"Fitness Freak Sohel Taj"
3802:"Hasina extends deadline"
1559:adopted its Constitution.
1474:Just after independence,
1444:
1333:
1198:
1193:
952:Bangladesh Liberation War
946:Bangladesh Liberation War
879:The 1970 general election
637:Bengali language movement
603:Shahabuddin's intrigues.
572:Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
360:Bangladesh Liberation War
338:
324:
301:
290:
275:
265:
252:
241:
218:
209:Manner of death
208:
187:
156:
151:
147:
136:
129:
119:
107:
85:
74:
66:
62:
53:
44:
34:
7780:Awami League politicians
7368:Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem
7235:1988 Chittagong massacre
7160:Independence Declaration
7126:Agartala Conspiracy Case
6890:Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish
6100:Muhammad Hamidullah Khan
6059:Muhammad Hamidullah Khan
5769:Battle of Dhalai Outpost
5655:Pakistan Eastern Command
5347:Non-cooperation movement
5311:Agartala Conspiracy Case
5159:Eastern Bengal and Assam
4896:Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury
4695:
4692:Chowdhury, Serajul Islam
4647:
4617:
4591:
4584:Post-independence career
4561:
4497:
4463:
4429:
4414:Islam, Barrister Amir-ul
4387:
4361:
4319:
4296:
4265:
4244:
4170:
3657:Chowdhury, Serajul Islam
3402:Chowdhury, Serajul Islam
2341:
2158:, pp. 252â253, 271.
1653:
1595:Not to be confused with
1521:
1287:
1187:Post-independence career
842:Agartala Conspiracy Case
775:Agartala Conspiracy Case
45:
7615:(1971, martyr monument)
7599:(1952, martyr monument)
7589:Monuments and Memorials
7337:President of Bangladesh
7293:Presence in governments
6858:Bangladesh Awami League
6600:Monuments and memorials
6519:Bangladeshi nationalism
6253:Dr. Abdul Motaleb Malik
5900:Shankharibazar massacre
5683:Eastern Command (India)
5574:Central Peace Committee
5164:All-India Muslim League
4916:Muhammad Habibur Rahman
4301:My Seventy-One (Memoir)
1572:in 1976 in independent
1259:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal
1115:(BDF, popularly called
899:Pakistan People's Party
821:1965 India-Pakistan War
560:All-India Muslim League
259:All-India Muslim League
7642:(Father of the Nation)
7620:Column of Independence
7582:
7575:
7442:(1996â2001; 2009-2024)
7362:Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad
7356:Mohammad Mohammadullah
7165:Provisional Government
6991:Internal Organisations
6962:Syeda Sajeda Chowdhury
6709:Awards and decorations
6130:Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad
5738:Operation Cactus-Lilly
5733:Operation Chengiz Khan
5235:Pakistan Muslim League
4970:
4774:Miah, Sajahan (2012).
3278:Khasru, B. Z. (2014).
1486:
1472:
1464:
1442:
1424:
1410:
1392:
1348:Tanjim Ahmad Sohel Taj
934:
816:
643:Fazlul Huq Muslim Hall
343:Bengali pronunciation:
234:Bangladesh (from 1971)
7855:Tajuddin Ahmad family
7775:20th-century Bengalis
7639:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
7581:
7574:
7428:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
7344:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
7067:Related organisations
6942:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
6902:Muhammad Qamaruzzaman
6896:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
6729:2013 Shahbag protests
6699:Muktijuddho e-Archive
6627:Liberation War Museum
6350:Minoo Merwan Engineer
6335:Gopal Gurunath Bewoor
6080:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
5660:Operation Searchlight
5545:Pakistan Armed Forces
5362:Operation Searchlight
5357:Admiral Ahsan Mission
5240:Objectives Resolution
5189:Muslim National Guard
4968:
4876:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
4743:Karim, S. A. (2005).
4558:Rahman, Hasan Hafizur
4486:Rahman, Hasan Hafizur
4452:Rahman, Hasan Hafizur
4426:Rahman, Hasan Hafizur
4358:Rahman, Hasan Hafizur
4346:Hossain, Doctor Kamal
1597:the Awami Jubo League
1492:The documentary film
1482:
1468:
1459:
1437:
1419:
1405:
1387:
1380:Historical evaluation
1024:Muhammad Mansur Ali,
929:
891:1970 general election
788:
656:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
584:Nawab family of Dhaka
556:British rule in India
395:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
373:. He belonged to the
125:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
93:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
7386:Mohammed Shahabuddin
7350:Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
7240:Caretaker government
6977:Sayed Ashraful Islam
6910:(Convenor) (1977â78)
6908:Syeda Zohra Tajuddin
6340:Sourendra Nath Kohli
6273:Motiur Rahman Nizami
6140:Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
5925:Jathibhanga massacre
5779:Battle of Ajmiriganj
5723:Sinking of PNS Ghazi
5632:(Indo-Bangali group)
5471:Bangladesh Air Force
5225:Dominion of Pakistan
4524:Witness to Surrender
3920:Women Economic Forum
3659:(14 December 2013).
3404:(14 December 2013).
3286:. pp. 216â218.
2314:Gull, Ayyaz (2015).
1271:Jatiyo Rakkhi Bahini
1067:district (currently
1038:Colonel M A G Osmani
984:, who had come from
519:Intermediate of Arts
365:Tajuddin began as a
270:Syeda Zohra Tajuddin
231:Pakistan (1947â1971)
114:Position established
7785:Bangladeshi Muslims
7736:(national calendar)
7562:(national language)
7434:Muhammad Mansur Ali
7277:SheikhâWazed family
7057:Mohila Awami League
7000:National Conference
6930:General secretaries
6704:Artistic depictions
6683:Vijay Diwas (India)
6529:Indira-Mujib Treaty
6421:Gopal Swarup Pathak
6380:Inderjit Singh Gill
6325:Jagjit Singh Aurora
6248:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
6125:Muhammad Mansur Ali
6120:Chitta Ranjan Dutta
6110:Dhirendranath Datta
5940:Madhyapara massacre
5835:Bangladesh genocide
5794:Battle of Longewala
5610:Indian Armed Forces
5605:Parliament of India
5123:Bengali nationalism
5108:Bengali Renaissance
4881:Muhammad Mansur Ali
4786:(Second ed.).
4622:Rich Earth (Memoir)
4388:āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻļ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ° ā§§ā§¯ā§ā§§
4096:. 20 December 1971.
3598:, pp. 117â118.
3586:, pp. 118â119.
3205:, pp. 519â524.
2606:, pp. 265â266.
2529:, pp. 246â247.
2086:, pp. 139â152.
2062:, pp. 234â236.
1887:, pp. 191â192.
1344:Simeen Hussain Rimi
1081:Calcutta High Court
1073:Professor Yusuf Ali
903:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
716:Provincial Assembly
668:Awami Muslim League
531:University of Dhaka
391:Awami Muslim League
316:University of Dhaka
281:Simeen Hussain Rimi
161:Tajuddin Ahmad Khan
7690:Royal Bengal Tiger
7583:
7576:
7121:Six point movement
7051:Swechasebak League
7047:(Trade union wing)
6802:Military personnel
6787:Causes and prelude
6642:Shabash Bangladesh
6617:Swadhinata Stambha
6345:Nilakanta Krishnan
6263:Shah Azizur Rahman
5945:Bakhrabad massacre
5935:Chuknagar massacre
5799:Battle of Basantar
5784:Battle of Garibpur
5764:Battle of Goalhati
5688:Meghna Heli Bridge
5335:Declaration of war
5321:1970 Bhola cyclone
5306:Six point movement
5204:Partition of India
4971:
4886:Shah Azizur Rahman
3896:on 29 January 2021
3866:. 20 December 2014
3743:, p. 375â376.
3692:. 7 September 2014
3391:, p. 192â193.
3175:Ahsan, Syed Badrul
2338:Ahmad, Abul Mansur
1399:officials' trust.
1372:in Prime Minister
1340:Syeda Zohra Khatun
1320:Dhaka Central Jail
1123:(popularly called
873:General Yahya Khan
771:Six point movement
596:Khwaja Shahabuddin
562:brought about the
550:Partition of India
540:Late British India
198:Dacca Central Jail
7752:
7751:
7693:(national animal)
7685:(national flower)
7647:Kazi Nazrul Islam
7528:(national anthem)
7525:Amar Sonar Bangla
7469:
7468:
7404:Syed Nazrul Islam
7346:(1971â1972; 1975)
7326:Ataur Rahman Khan
7255:Logi Boitha Rally
7229:Sheikh Hasina Era
7200:Second Revolution
7111:Language Movement
7101:Two-nation theory
7053:(Volunteers wing)
6818:
6817:
6814:
6813:
6810:
6809:
6717:
6716:
6566:
6565:
6457:
6456:
6453:
6452:
6449:
6448:
6441:Dilip Mahalanabis
6291:
6290:
6148:
6147:
6105:Serajul Alam Khan
6085:Syed Nazrul Islam
5995:
5994:
5991:
5990:
5971:Related conflicts
5955:Sohagpur massacre
5910:Sutrapur massacre
5887:List of massacres
5850:Refugees in India
5804:Battle of Kushtia
5708:Operation Trident
5693:Operation Jackpot
5665:Operation Barisal
5639:
5638:
5486:Bangladesh Police
5476:Bangladesh Rifles
5379:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5194:Direct Action Day
5179:Lahore Resolution
5174:Pakistan Movement
5147:Pakistan Movement
5118:Two-nation theory
5013:
5012:
4891:Ataur Rahman Khan
4797:978-984-32-0576-6
4776:"Ahmad, Tajuddin"
4758:978-984-506-153-7
4709:978-984-8858-63-9
4631:978-984-91201-9-3
4605:978-984-90747-5-5
4537:978-984-05-1373-4
4405:978-984-401-783-2
4396:Agamee Prakashani
4337:978-984-8815-63-2
4232:978-984-506-227-5
4184:978-984-525-106-8
3922:. 8 December 2016
3890:tajuddinahmad.com
3574:, pp. 86â87.
3241:, pp. 23â24.
3128:, pp. 84â85.
2969:, pp. 72â73.
2957:, pp. 75â76.
2869:, pp. 74â75.
2741:, pp. 62â67.
2693:, pp. 57â58.
2681:, pp. 56â57.
2642:, pp. 54â55.
2292:, pp. 68â85.
2229:, pp. 58â59.
2110:, pp. 42â43.
1803:, pp. 47â48.
1762:, pp. 29â30.
1422:military attacks.
1366:minister of state
1247:Robert McNamara's
1215:
1214:
1113:Bangladesh Forces
939:historical speech
895:National Assembly
793:Lahore Resolution
739:General Ayub Khan
592:Khwaja Nazimuddin
564:Pakistan Movement
546:Pakistan Movement
456:Bengal Presidency
423:National Assembly
407:six-points demand
387:Language Movement
328:
327:
98:Syed Nazrul Islam
16:(Redirected from
7867:
7745:
7737:
7733:Bengali calendar
7729:
7710:
7702:
7701:(national fruit)
7694:
7686:
7678:
7670:
7651:
7643:
7624:
7616:
7608:
7600:
7580:
7573:
7563:
7555:
7546:Government Seal
7537:
7536:(national march)
7529:
7508:
7507:
7496:
7489:
7482:
7473:
7472:
7462:
7457:
7456:
7215:Jail Killing Day
7006:Advisory Council
6914:Abdul Malek Ukil
6865:
6859:
6855:
6845:
6838:
6831:
6822:
6821:
6637:Aparajeyo Bangla
6597:
6596:
6590:
6589:
6572:
6571:
6463:
6462:
6370:Khem Karan Singh
6355:Hari Chand Dewan
6300:
6299:
6192:Mohammad Shariff
6157:
6156:
6095:AHM Qamaruzzaman
6039:Khaled Mosharraf
6019:
6018:
6012:
6011:
6001:
6000:
5950:Burunga massacre
5915:Jinjira massacre
5814:Battle of Atgram
5774:Battle of Dhalai
5754:Battle of Daruin
5703:Operation Python
5481:Bangladesh Ansar
5422:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5385:
5384:
5352:Rodionov message
5098:
5097:
5087:
5086:
5069:
5052:
5051:
5040:
5033:
5026:
5017:
5016:
5002:
5001:
4990:
4989:
4946:Fakhruddin Ahmed
4906:Kazi Zafar Ahmed
4844:
4837:
4830:
4821:
4820:
4816:
4801:
4762:
4739:
4713:
4687:
4681:
4673:
4661:984-300-001553-4
4635:
4609:
4579:
4555:
4541:
4515:
4495:
4481:
4461:
4447:
4423:
4409:
4379:
4355:
4341:
4314:
4281:
4260:
4236:
4210:
4188:
4167:Ahmed, Kamruddin
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4110:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4091:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4061:
4055:
4049:
4043:
4034:
4028:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3892:. Archived from
3882:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3856:
3847:
3846:
3824:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3804:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3765:
3756:
3750:
3744:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3725:
3723:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3653:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3629:
3623:
3617:
3611:
3608:Anisuzzaman 2015
3605:
3599:
3596:Anisuzzaman 2015
3593:
3587:
3584:Anisuzzaman 2015
3581:
3575:
3569:
3560:
3557:Anisuzzaman 2015
3554:
3548:
3542:
3536:
3530:
3524:
3518:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3497:Anisuzzaman 2015
3494:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3470:
3461:
3455:
3449:
3443:
3437:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3418:
3416:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3314:
3305:
3304:
3275:
3269:
3263:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3218:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3177:(23 July 2014).
3171:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3126:Anisuzzaman 1997
3123:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3090:Anisuzzaman 1997
3087:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3054:
3053:, p. 79â80.
3048:
3042:
3041:, p. 81â82.
3036:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2982:
2976:
2970:
2964:
2958:
2952:
2946:
2940:
2931:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2900:
2894:
2885:
2879:
2870:
2864:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2796:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2613:
2607:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2135:
2129:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2031:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1733:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1673:
1671:
1644:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1610:
1604:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1566:
1560:
1553:
1547:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1431:chairman of the
1328:Jail Killing Day
1298:Jail Killing Day
1211:, YouTube video
1203:
1202:
1191:
1190:
1173:General Assembly
840:in the infamous
829:six-point demand
728:A. K. Fazlul Huq
672:Maulana Bhashani
647:Dhaka University
594:and his brother
464:Gazipur District
369:youth worker in
349:
344:
340:
295:Afsaruddin Ahmad
194:
170:
168:
152:Personal details
141:
122:
110:
79:
58:
48:
32:
31:
21:
7875:
7874:
7870:
7869:
7868:
7866:
7865:
7864:
7755:
7754:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7735:
7728:(national game)
7727:
7713:
7709:(national fish)
7708:
7700:
7692:
7684:
7677:(national bird)
7676:
7669:(national tree)
7668:
7659:Flora and fauna
7654:
7650:(National poet)
7649:
7641:
7627:
7622:
7614:
7606:
7598:
7584:
7578:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7554:(national flag)
7553:
7541:National Emblem
7535:
7527:
7513:
7502:
7500:
7470:
7465:
7460:
7447:
7288:
7083:
7062:
7023:(Students wing)
7021:Students League
7014:Political wings
7009:
6986:
6925:
6922:(1981â present)
6866:
6857:
6849:
6819:
6806:
6755:
6713:
6687:
6646:
6584:
6562:
6492:Delhi Agreement
6487:Simla Agreement
6468:
6445:
6399:
6287:
6236:
6144:
6115:Kazi Nuruzzaman
6068:
6029:M. A. G. Osmani
6006:
5987:
5966:
5920:Akhira massacre
5881:
5818:
5809:Battle of Boyra
5789:Battle of Hilli
5742:
5648:
5646:
5635:
5593:
5569:Jamaat-e-Islami
5531:
5488:
5466:Bangladesh Navy
5444:Bangladesh Army
5409:
5371:
5330:
5289:
5213:
5142:
5092:
5081:
5080:
5056:
5046:
5044:
5014:
5009:
4972:
4960:
4862:
4851:Prime ministers
4848:
4804:
4798:
4770:
4765:
4759:
4736:
4710:
4697:
4675:
4674:
4662:
4649:
4642:
4632:
4619:
4606:
4593:
4586:
4576:
4563:
4553:
4538:
4512:
4499:
4493:
4488:, ed. (1982b).
4478:
4465:
4459:
4454:, ed. (1982a).
4444:
4431:
4421:
4406:
4389:
4376:
4363:
4353:
4338:
4321:
4311:
4298:
4288:
4267:
4246:
4241:Umar, Badruddin
4233:
4207:
4185:
4172:
4162:
4156:
4151:
4141:
4139:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4117:
4113:
4105:
4101:
4086:
4085:
4081:
4073:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4044:
4037:
4029:
4025:
4017:
4013:
4003:
4001:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3977:
3975:
3974:. 24 April 2012
3966:
3965:
3961:
3951:
3949:
3939:
3935:
3925:
3923:
3916:"Sharmin Ahmad"
3914:
3913:
3909:
3899:
3897:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3869:
3867:
3858:
3857:
3850:
3839:
3825:
3821:
3811:
3809:
3797:
3793:
3783:
3781:
3780:on 21 June 2021
3766:
3759:
3751:
3747:
3739:
3735:
3721:
3719:
3709:
3705:
3695:
3693:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3669:
3667:
3654:
3650:
3642:
3638:
3630:
3626:
3618:
3614:
3606:
3602:
3594:
3590:
3582:
3578:
3570:
3563:
3555:
3551:
3543:
3539:
3531:
3527:
3519:
3515:
3507:
3503:
3495:
3491:
3483:
3479:
3471:
3464:
3456:
3452:
3444:
3440:
3432:
3428:
3414:
3412:
3399:
3395:
3387:
3383:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3359:
3351:
3347:
3339:
3335:
3327:
3323:
3315:
3308:
3300:
3294:
3276:
3272:
3264:
3257:
3249:
3245:
3237:
3233:
3225:
3221:
3213:
3209:
3201:
3197:
3187:
3185:
3172:
3168:
3160:
3156:
3148:
3144:
3136:
3132:
3124:
3120:
3112:
3108:
3100:
3096:
3088:
3084:
3076:
3072:
3064:
3057:
3049:
3045:
3037:
3033:
3025:
3021:
3013:
3009:
3001:
2997:
2989:
2985:
2977:
2973:
2965:
2961:
2953:
2949:
2941:
2934:
2926:
2922:
2914:
2903:
2895:
2888:
2880:
2873:
2865:
2856:
2848:
2844:
2836:
2832:
2824:
2817:
2809:
2805:
2797:
2793:
2785:
2781:
2773:
2769:
2761:
2757:
2749:
2745:
2737:
2733:
2725:
2721:
2717:, pp. 8â9.
2713:
2709:
2701:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2677:
2673:
2665:
2658:
2650:
2646:
2638:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2614:
2610:
2602:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2578:
2574:
2566:
2562:
2554:
2550:
2542:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2513:
2500:
2492:
2488:
2480:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2444:
2440:
2432:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2403:
2399:
2391:
2387:
2379:
2375:
2367:
2363:
2356:
2343:
2335:
2331:
2312:
2308:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2284:
2276:
2272:
2264:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2240:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2185:
2177:
2162:
2154:
2150:
2142:
2138:
2130:
2126:
2118:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2094:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2044:
2042:
2032:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1931:
1927:
1919:
1915:
1907:
1903:
1895:
1891:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1859:
1855:
1847:
1843:
1835:
1831:
1823:
1819:
1811:
1807:
1799:
1795:
1787:
1783:
1775:
1766:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1742:
1734:
1725:
1715:
1713:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1668:
1655:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1607:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1580:
1567:
1563:
1554:
1550:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1512:
1498:Tanvir Mokammel
1480:described him:
1447:
1382:
1336:
1300:
1290:
1200:
1194:External videos
1189:
1103:
1097:
1000:
994:
954:
948:
887:
881:
847:In the face of
817:
787:
781:
767:
705:
639:
633:
628:
577:Kamruddin Ahmed
552:
542:
448:
342:
320:
254:
253:Other political
242:Political party
237:
196:
192:
191:3 November 1975
172:
166:
164:
163:
162:
142:
137:
120:
108:
103:
80:
75:
49:
46:
40:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7873:
7863:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7750:
7749:
7747:
7746:
7738:
7730:
7721:
7719:
7715:
7714:
7712:
7711:
7703:
7695:
7687:
7679:
7671:
7662:
7660:
7656:
7655:
7653:
7652:
7644:
7635:
7633:
7629:
7628:
7626:
7625:
7617:
7609:
7601:
7592:
7590:
7586:
7585:
7569:
7567:
7565:
7564:
7556:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7530:
7521:
7519:
7515:
7514:
7499:
7498:
7491:
7484:
7476:
7467:
7466:
7452:
7449:
7448:
7446:
7445:
7444:
7443:
7437:
7431:
7425:
7422:Tajuddin Ahmad
7410:
7409:
7408:
7407:
7392:
7391:
7390:
7389:
7388:(2023âPresent)
7383:
7377:
7371:
7365:
7359:
7353:
7347:
7332:
7331:
7330:
7329:
7314:
7313:
7312:
7311:
7296:
7294:
7290:
7289:
7287:
7286:
7285:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7258:
7257:
7250:2006â08 crisis
7247:
7242:
7237:
7225:
7224:
7223:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7195:Famine of 1974
7185:
7184:
7183:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7148:
7147:
7146:
7145:
7135:
7134:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7084:
7082:
7081:
7076:
7070:
7068:
7064:
7063:
7061:
7060:
7054:
7048:
7042:
7041:(Farmers wing)
7039:Krishak League
7036:
7030:
7024:
7017:
7015:
7011:
7010:
7008:
7007:
7004:
7001:
6998:
6994:
6992:
6988:
6987:
6985:
6984:
6982:Obaidul Quader
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6947:Tajuddin Ahmad
6944:
6939:
6933:
6931:
6927:
6926:
6924:
6923:
6917:
6911:
6905:
6899:
6893:
6887:
6881:
6874:
6872:
6868:
6867:
6848:
6847:
6840:
6833:
6825:
6816:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6808:
6807:
6805:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6767:Liberation War
6763:
6761:
6757:
6756:
6754:
6753:
6748:
6747:
6746:
6736:
6731:
6725:
6723:
6719:
6718:
6715:
6714:
6712:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6695:
6693:
6689:
6688:
6686:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6654:
6652:
6648:
6647:
6645:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6603:
6601:
6594:
6586:
6585:
6583:
6582:
6579:
6578:Related topics
6568:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6560:
6559:
6558:
6553:
6543:
6542:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6473:
6470:
6469:
6459:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6444:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6407:
6405:
6401:
6400:
6398:
6397:
6392:
6390:E. C. Kuruvila
6387:
6385:J. F. R. Jacob
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6306:
6304:
6297:
6293:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6244:
6242:
6238:
6237:
6235:
6234:
6229:
6227:Siddique Salik
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6207:Khadim Hussain
6204:
6199:
6197:Rao Farman Ali
6194:
6189:
6187:Yaqub Ali Khan
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6163:
6161:
6154:
6150:
6149:
6146:
6145:
6143:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6090:Tajuddin Ahmad
6087:
6082:
6076:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6067:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6054:A. K. Khandker
6051:
6046:
6044:K M Shafiullah
6041:
6036:
6031:
6025:
6023:
6016:
6008:
6007:
5997:
5996:
5993:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5985:
5980:
5974:
5972:
5968:
5967:
5965:
5964:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5930:Demra massacre
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5905:Ramna massacre
5902:
5897:
5891:
5889:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5878:
5877:
5872:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5830:Blood Telegram
5826:
5824:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5750:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5651:
5649:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5607:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5565:
5564:
5541:
5539:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5520:Hemayet Bahini
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5489:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5462:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5441:
5436:
5430:
5428:
5419:
5411:
5410:
5408:
5407:
5404:
5401:
5398:
5395:
5392:
5381:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5338:
5336:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5221:
5219:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5199:Noakhali riots
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5150:
5148:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5128:Bengal studies
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5104:
5102:
5094:
5093:
5083:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5062:
5061:
5058:
5057:
5043:
5042:
5035:
5028:
5020:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
4995:
4982:
4981:
4977:
4974:
4973:
4963:
4961:
4959:
4958:
4956:Muhammad Yunus
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4936:Iajuddin Ahmed
4933:
4928:
4926:Latifur Rahman
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4871:Tajuddin Ahmad
4867:
4864:
4863:
4847:
4846:
4839:
4832:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4802:
4796:
4780:Islam, Sirajul
4769:
4768:External links
4766:
4764:
4763:
4757:
4740:
4734:
4714:
4708:
4688:
4660:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4630:
4610:
4604:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4574:
4546:Sobhan, Rehman
4542:
4536:
4516:
4510:
4482:
4476:
4448:
4442:
4410:
4404:
4380:
4374:
4342:
4336:
4324:Mainstream '71
4315:
4309:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4261:
4237:
4231:
4211:
4205:
4189:
4183:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4138:. 24 July 2008
4136:The Daily Star
4123:
4111:
4099:
4079:
4077:, p. 178.
4062:
4050:
4035:
4023:
4021:, p. 138.
4011:
4000:. 23 July 2009
3998:The Daily Star
3985:
3972:The Daily Star
3959:
3933:
3907:
3877:
3864:The Daily Star
3848:
3837:
3819:
3791:
3757:
3755:, p. 377.
3745:
3733:
3717:The Daily Star
3703:
3690:The Daily Star
3677:
3665:The Daily Star
3648:
3646:, p. 349.
3636:
3634:, p. 348.
3624:
3622:, p. 346.
3612:
3610:, p. 131.
3600:
3588:
3576:
3561:
3559:, p. 118.
3549:
3537:
3535:, p. 272.
3525:
3523:, p. 335.
3513:
3511:, p. 293.
3501:
3489:
3487:, p. 250.
3477:
3475:, p. 266.
3462:
3460:, p. 215.
3450:
3448:, p. 207.
3438:
3436:, p. 206.
3426:
3410:The Daily Star
3393:
3381:
3379:, p. 239.
3369:
3367:, p. 227.
3357:
3345:
3333:
3331:, p. 125.
3321:
3306:
3293:978-8129129086
3292:
3270:
3255:
3253:, p. 275.
3243:
3231:
3229:, p. 523.
3219:
3217:, p. 525.
3207:
3195:
3183:The Daily Star
3166:
3154:
3152:, p. 275.
3142:
3130:
3118:
3106:
3094:
3082:
3070:
3055:
3043:
3031:
3019:
3007:
2995:
2983:
2971:
2959:
2947:
2945:, pp. 76.
2932:
2930:, pp. 77.
2920:
2901:
2886:
2871:
2854:
2842:
2830:
2815:
2803:
2791:
2779:
2767:
2755:
2743:
2731:
2729:, p. 204.
2719:
2707:
2695:
2683:
2671:
2669:, p. 267.
2656:
2654:, p. 184.
2644:
2632:
2630:, p. 183.
2620:
2608:
2596:
2594:, p. 265.
2584:
2582:, p. 177.
2572:
2570:, p. 169.
2560:
2548:
2546:, p. 264.
2531:
2519:
2498:
2496:, p. 164.
2486:
2484:, p. 163.
2474:
2472:, p. 161.
2462:
2460:, p. 158.
2450:
2438:
2436:, p. 153.
2421:
2419:, p. 170.
2409:
2407:, p. 137.
2397:
2395:, p. 136.
2385:
2373:
2371:, p. 119.
2361:
2355:978-9844380004
2354:
2329:
2306:
2294:
2282:
2280:, p. 102.
2270:
2258:
2246:
2231:
2219:
2207:
2203:Chowdhury 2019
2195:
2191:Chowdhury 2019
2183:
2179:Chowdhury 2019
2160:
2148:
2136:
2134:, p. 114.
2124:
2122:, p. 113.
2112:
2100:
2098:, p. 156.
2088:
2076:
2072:Chowdhury 2019
2064:
2052:
2040:The Daily Star
2021:
2009:
2007:, p. 211.
1997:
1995:, p. 251.
1985:
1973:
1961:
1949:
1947:, p. 165.
1937:
1925:
1913:
1911:, p. 203.
1901:
1889:
1877:
1865:
1853:
1851:, p. 190.
1841:
1839:, p. 189.
1829:
1817:
1805:
1793:
1791:, p. 203.
1781:
1777:Chowdhury 2019
1764:
1752:
1740:
1736:Chowdhury 2019
1723:
1712:. 25 July 2013
1709:The Daily Star
1695:
1691:Chowdhury 2019
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1667:978-9844380004
1666:
1639:
1629:
1619:
1605:
1588:
1578:
1561:
1548:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1508:
1496:, directed by
1489:the movement.
1446:
1443:
1381:
1378:
1335:
1332:
1289:
1286:
1263:famine in 1974
1213:
1212:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1185:
1170:United Nations
1151:Chhatra League
1096:
1093:
1061:Baidyanathtala
993:
990:
947:
944:
901:(PPP), led by
880:
877:
815:
814:
811:
807:
803:
799:
796:
785:The Six Points
783:
782:
766:
763:
720:Dhaka District
704:
701:
632:
631:Early activism
629:
627:
624:
620:Mohammad Toaha
541:
538:
452:Dhaka district
447:
444:
356:prime minister
339:āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻšāĻŽāĻĻ
331:Tajuddin Ahmad
326:
325:
322:
321:
319:
318:
313:
307:
305:
299:
298:
292:
288:
287:
277:
273:
272:
267:
263:
262:
256:
250:
249:
243:
239:
238:
236:
235:
232:
229:
222:
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
195:(aged 50)
189:
185:
184:
160:
158:
154:
153:
149:
148:
145:
144:
134:
133:
127:
126:
123:
117:
116:
111:
105:
104:
102:
101:
95:
89:
87:
83:
82:
72:
71:
64:
63:
60:
59:
51:
50:
47:āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻšāĻŽāĻĻ
42:
41:
39:Tajuddin Ahmad
38:
35:
26:
18:Tajuddin Ahmed
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7872:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7762:
7760:
7742:
7739:
7734:
7731:
7726:
7723:
7722:
7720:
7718:Other symbols
7716:
7707:
7704:
7699:
7696:
7691:
7688:
7683:
7680:
7675:
7672:
7667:
7664:
7663:
7661:
7657:
7648:
7645:
7640:
7637:
7636:
7634:
7630:
7621:
7618:
7613:
7610:
7605:
7602:
7597:
7596:Shaheed Minar
7594:
7593:
7591:
7587:
7560:
7557:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7534:
7531:
7526:
7523:
7522:
7520:
7516:
7512:
7506:
7497:
7492:
7490:
7485:
7483:
7478:
7477:
7474:
7464:
7463:
7450:
7441:
7440:Sheikh Hasina
7438:
7435:
7432:
7429:
7426:
7423:
7420:
7419:
7417:
7416:
7412:
7411:
7405:
7402:
7401:
7399:
7398:
7394:
7393:
7387:
7384:
7381:
7378:
7375:
7374:Zillur Rahman
7372:
7369:
7366:
7363:
7360:
7357:
7354:
7351:
7348:
7345:
7342:
7341:
7339:
7338:
7334:
7333:
7327:
7324:
7323:
7321:
7320:
7316:
7315:
7309:
7306:
7305:
7303:
7302:
7298:
7297:
7295:
7291:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7272:Graft scandal
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7256:
7253:
7252:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7226:
7221:
7220:Indemnity Act
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7186:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7157:
7155:
7154:
7150:
7149:
7144:
7141:
7140:
7139:
7136:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7086:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7071:
7069:
7065:
7058:
7055:
7052:
7049:
7046:
7045:Sramik League
7043:
7040:
7037:
7034:
7031:
7028:
7025:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7016:
7012:
7005:
7002:
6999:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6989:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6967:Zillur Rahman
6965:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6952:Zillur Rahman
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6934:
6932:
6928:
6921:
6920:Sheikh Hasina
6918:
6915:
6912:
6909:
6906:
6903:
6900:
6897:
6894:
6891:
6888:
6885:
6882:
6879:
6876:
6875:
6873:
6869:
6864:
6860:
6854:
6846:
6841:
6839:
6834:
6832:
6827:
6826:
6823:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6758:
6752:
6749:
6745:
6742:
6741:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6726:
6724:
6720:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6690:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6653:
6651:Anniversaries
6649:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6598:
6595:
6593:Commemoration
6591:
6587:
6580:
6577:
6576:
6573:
6569:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6548:
6547:
6544:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6526:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6508:
6505:
6504:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6471:
6464:
6460:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6426:Rameshwar Kao
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6411:Indira Gandhi
6409:
6408:
6406:
6402:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6330:K. P. Candeth
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6310:Sam Manekshaw
6308:
6307:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6296:Indian allies
6294:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6245:
6243:
6239:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6162:
6158:
6155:
6151:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6071:
6065:
6064:Matiur Rahman
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6049:Shafaat Jamil
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6024:
6020:
6017:
6013:
6009:
6002:
5998:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5969:
5963:
5962:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5890:
5888:
5884:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5867:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5821:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5747:Major battles
5745:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5652:
5650:
5645:Campaigns and
5642:
5631:
5628:
5624:
5620:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5598:Indian allies
5596:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5546:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5538:
5534:
5528:
5527:Crack Platoon
5525:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5446:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5423:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5405:
5402:
5399:
5396:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5386:
5382:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5292:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5270:East Pakistan
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5218:East Pakistan
5216:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5184:United Bengal
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5088:
5084:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5055:
5050:
5041:
5036:
5034:
5029:
5027:
5022:
5021:
5018:
5006:
5005:
4996:
4994:
4993:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4978:
4975:
4967:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4951:Sheikh Hasina
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4921:Sheikh Hasina
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4868:
4865:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4845:
4840:
4838:
4833:
4831:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4814:
4810:
4809:
4803:
4799:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4772:
4771:
4760:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4741:
4737:
4735:984-05-1666-3
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4701:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4679:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4657:
4653:
4644:
4643:
4633:
4627:
4623:
4618:āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻĒā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§
4615:
4611:
4607:
4601:
4597:
4588:
4587:
4577:
4575:984-433-091-2
4571:
4567:
4559:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4520:Salik, Siddiq
4517:
4513:
4511:984-433-091-2
4507:
4503:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4477:984-433-091-2
4473:
4469:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4443:984-433-091-2
4439:
4435:
4427:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4375:984-433-091-2
4371:
4367:
4359:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4316:
4312:
4310:984-465-125-5
4306:
4302:
4294:
4290:
4289:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4215:Jahan, Rounaq
4212:
4208:
4206:984-493-029-4
4202:
4198:
4197:In Retrospect
4194:
4190:
4186:
4180:
4176:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4137:
4133:
4127:
4120:
4115:
4108:
4103:
4095:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4059:
4054:
4048:, p. 90.
4047:
4042:
4040:
4033:, p. 98.
4032:
4027:
4020:
4015:
3999:
3995:
3989:
3973:
3969:
3963:
3948:
3944:
3937:
3921:
3917:
3911:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3881:
3865:
3861:
3855:
3853:
3845:
3840:
3838:0-7069-0692-6
3834:
3830:
3823:
3808:
3803:
3795:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3764:
3762:
3754:
3749:
3742:
3737:
3730:
3718:
3714:
3707:
3691:
3687:
3681:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3652:
3645:
3640:
3633:
3628:
3621:
3616:
3609:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3585:
3580:
3573:
3568:
3566:
3558:
3553:
3546:
3541:
3534:
3529:
3522:
3517:
3510:
3505:
3499:, p. 64.
3498:
3493:
3486:
3481:
3474:
3469:
3467:
3459:
3454:
3447:
3442:
3435:
3430:
3423:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3390:
3385:
3378:
3373:
3366:
3361:
3355:, p. 81.
3354:
3349:
3343:, p. 80.
3342:
3337:
3330:
3325:
3319:, p. 64.
3318:
3313:
3311:
3303:
3295:
3289:
3285:
3282:. New Delhi:
3281:
3274:
3268:, p. 67.
3267:
3262:
3260:
3252:
3247:
3240:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3216:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3170:
3164:, p. 46.
3163:
3158:
3151:
3146:
3140:, p. 17.
3139:
3134:
3127:
3122:
3115:
3110:
3104:, p. 83.
3103:
3098:
3092:, p. 83.
3091:
3086:
3080:, p. 16.
3079:
3074:
3068:, p. 82.
3067:
3062:
3060:
3052:
3047:
3040:
3035:
3029:, p. 81.
3028:
3023:
3017:, p. 79.
3016:
3011:
3005:, p. 45.
3004:
2999:
2993:, p. 78.
2992:
2987:
2980:
2975:
2968:
2963:
2956:
2951:
2944:
2939:
2937:
2929:
2924:
2918:, p. 15.
2917:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2899:, p. 75.
2898:
2893:
2891:
2884:, p. 14.
2883:
2878:
2876:
2868:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2851:
2846:
2840:, p. 44.
2839:
2834:
2828:, p. 13.
2827:
2822:
2820:
2813:, p. 11.
2812:
2807:
2801:, p. 73.
2800:
2795:
2789:, p. 71.
2788:
2783:
2777:, p. 69.
2776:
2771:
2765:, p. 68.
2764:
2759:
2753:, p. 67.
2752:
2747:
2740:
2735:
2728:
2723:
2716:
2711:
2705:, p. 62.
2704:
2699:
2692:
2687:
2680:
2675:
2668:
2663:
2661:
2653:
2648:
2641:
2636:
2629:
2624:
2617:
2612:
2605:
2600:
2593:
2588:
2581:
2576:
2569:
2564:
2557:
2552:
2545:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2528:
2523:
2517:, p. 31.
2516:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2495:
2490:
2483:
2478:
2471:
2466:
2459:
2454:
2447:
2442:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2418:
2413:
2406:
2401:
2394:
2389:
2382:
2377:
2370:
2365:
2357:
2351:
2347:
2339:
2333:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2298:
2291:
2286:
2279:
2274:
2268:, p. 95.
2267:
2262:
2256:, p. 83.
2255:
2250:
2244:, p. 70.
2243:
2238:
2236:
2228:
2223:
2217:, p. 56.
2216:
2211:
2205:, p. 31.
2204:
2199:
2193:, p. 11.
2192:
2187:
2181:, p. 27.
2180:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2157:
2152:
2146:, p. 50.
2145:
2140:
2133:
2128:
2121:
2116:
2109:
2104:
2097:
2092:
2085:
2080:
2074:, p. 26.
2073:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2019:, p. 38.
2018:
2013:
2006:
2001:
1994:
1989:
1983:, p. 21.
1982:
1977:
1971:, p. 31.
1970:
1965:
1959:, p. 17.
1958:
1953:
1946:
1941:
1935:, p. 71.
1934:
1929:
1923:, p. 29.
1922:
1917:
1910:
1905:
1899:, p. 82.
1898:
1893:
1886:
1881:
1875:, p. 54.
1874:
1869:
1862:
1857:
1850:
1845:
1838:
1833:
1827:, p. 53.
1826:
1821:
1815:, p. 35.
1814:
1809:
1802:
1797:
1790:
1785:
1778:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1761:
1756:
1750:, p. 25.
1749:
1744:
1738:, p. 12.
1737:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1693:, p. 22.
1692:
1687:
1683:
1669:
1663:
1659:
1649:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1582:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1558:
1552:
1545:
1544:sub-divisions
1539:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1441:
1436:
1434:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1409:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1377:
1375:
1374:Sheikh Hasina
1371:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1210:
1206:
1197:
1192:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:United States
1162:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1102:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1050:Rehman Sobhan
1046:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1007:
1005:
1004:Indira Gandhi
999:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
966:
963:
960:
953:
943:
940:
933:
928:
925:
921:
915:
913:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
886:
876:
874:
869:
866:
860:
858:
857:Amir-ul Islam
854:
853:Kamal Hossain
850:
845:
843:
839:
833:
830:
825:
822:
812:
808:
806:expenditures.
804:
800:
797:
794:
790:
789:
786:
780:
776:
772:
762:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
700:
696:
693:
689:
685:
681:
675:
673:
669:
663:
661:
657:
652:
651:Muslim League
648:
644:
638:
626:East Pakistan
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
580:
578:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
551:
547:
537:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:Dhaka College
511:
507:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
460:British India
457:
453:
443:
441:
437:
436:assassination
431:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
371:British India
368:
367:Muslim League
363:
361:
357:
353:
348:
336:
332:
323:
317:
314:
312:
311:Dhaka College
309:
308:
306:
304:
300:
296:
293:
289:
286:
282:
279:4, including
278:
274:
271:
268:
264:
261:(before 1949)
260:
257:
251:
247:
244:
240:
233:
230:
227:
226:British India
224:
223:
221:
217:
214:
213:Assassination
211:
207:
203:
199:
190:
186:
183:
182:British India
179:
175:
159:
155:
150:
146:
140:
135:
132:
128:
124:
118:
115:
112:
106:
99:
96:
94:
91:
90:
88:
84:
78:
73:
70:
65:
61:
57:
52:
43:
33:
30:
19:
7533:Notuner Gaan
7518:Main symbols
7458:
7421:
7413:
7395:
7335:
7317:
7299:
7228:
7188:
7175:Mukti Bahini
7151:
7116:United Front
7095:Pakistan Era
7094:
7079:Young Bangla
7059:(Women wing)
7035:(Armed Wing)
7033:Mukti Bahini
7029:(Youth wing)
7027:Youth League
6997:Constitution
6957:Abdur Razzaq
6946:
6436:Jagjivan Ram
6431:Swaran Singh
6375:Sartaj Singh
6222:Inamul Haque
6135:M. A. Hannan
6089:
6034:Ziaur Rahman
5960:
5823:Other events
5630:Mitro Bahini
5515:Afsar Bahini
5510:Baten Bahini
5505:Kader Bahini
5500:Mujib Bahini
5439:Mukti Bahini
5255:United Front
5250:Awami League
4997:
4985:
4941:Fazlul Haque
4901:Moudud Ahmed
4870:
4812:
4807:
4783:
4744:
4721:
4718:Islam, Nurul
4699:
4651:
4621:
4595:
4565:
4523:
4501:
4467:
4433:
4391:
4365:
4323:
4300:
4297:āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°
4269:
4248:
4218:
4196:
4193:Hashim, Abul
4174:
4140:. Retrieved
4135:
4126:
4114:
4102:
4093:
4082:
4053:
4026:
4014:
4002:. Retrieved
3997:
3988:
3976:. Retrieved
3971:
3962:
3950:. Retrieved
3946:
3936:
3924:. Retrieved
3919:
3910:
3898:. Retrieved
3894:the original
3889:
3880:
3868:. Retrieved
3863:
3842:
3828:
3822:
3810:. Retrieved
3806:
3794:
3782:. Retrieved
3778:the original
3774:Star Weekend
3773:
3748:
3736:
3727:
3720:. Retrieved
3716:
3706:
3694:. Retrieved
3689:
3680:
3668:. Retrieved
3664:
3651:
3639:
3627:
3615:
3603:
3591:
3579:
3552:
3540:
3528:
3516:
3504:
3492:
3480:
3453:
3441:
3429:
3420:
3413:. Retrieved
3409:
3396:
3384:
3372:
3360:
3348:
3336:
3324:
3297:
3279:
3273:
3246:
3234:
3222:
3210:
3198:
3186:. Retrieved
3182:
3169:
3157:
3145:
3133:
3121:
3114:Rahman 1982b
3109:
3097:
3085:
3073:
3046:
3034:
3022:
3010:
2998:
2986:
2979:Rahman 1982a
2974:
2962:
2950:
2923:
2845:
2833:
2806:
2794:
2782:
2770:
2758:
2746:
2734:
2722:
2710:
2698:
2686:
2674:
2652:Hossain 1985
2647:
2635:
2628:Hossain 1985
2623:
2616:Hossain 1985
2611:
2599:
2587:
2580:Hossain 1985
2575:
2568:Hossain 1985
2563:
2551:
2522:
2494:Hossain 1985
2489:
2482:Hossain 1985
2477:
2470:Hossain 1985
2465:
2458:Hossain 1985
2453:
2446:Hossain 1985
2441:
2434:Hossain 1985
2412:
2400:
2388:
2381:Hossain 1985
2376:
2364:
2345:
2332:
2323:
2319:
2309:
2297:
2285:
2273:
2261:
2249:
2222:
2210:
2198:
2186:
2151:
2139:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2091:
2079:
2067:
2055:
2043:. Retrieved
2039:
2012:
2000:
1988:
1976:
1964:
1952:
1940:
1928:
1916:
1904:
1892:
1880:
1868:
1856:
1844:
1832:
1820:
1808:
1796:
1784:
1779:, p. 7.
1755:
1743:
1714:. Retrieved
1707:
1698:
1686:
1657:
1648:Mujib Bahini
1642:
1632:
1622:
1608:
1591:
1581:
1564:
1551:
1543:
1538:
1529:
1502:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1438:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1411:
1406:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1370:Home Affairs
1363:
1355:Sheikh Mujib
1352:
1337:
1316:house arrest
1313:
1301:
1283:
1275:
1267:
1256:
1240:
1232:
1216:
1181:
1163:
1155:Mujib Bahini
1148:
1144:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1117:Mukti Bahini
1116:
1104:
1089:
1058:
1054:
1042:
1026:Abdul Mannan
1017:
1008:
1001:
967:
964:
959:cracked down
955:
935:
930:
916:
888:
870:
861:
846:
838:high treason
834:
826:
818:
759:
736:
713:
706:
703:Awami League
697:
676:
664:
640:
611:
605:
599:
588:Ahsan Manzil
581:
553:
535:
510:matriculated
499:
494:
482:
472:
449:
440:assassinated
432:
403:
364:
330:
329:
255:affiliations
246:Awami League
228:(until 1947)
204:, Bangladesh
193:(1975-11-03)
171:23 July 1925
138:
121:Succeeded by
113:
76:
29:
7770:1975 deaths
7765:1925 births
7430:(1972â1975)
7424:(1971â1972)
7406:(1971â1972)
7382:(2013â2023)
7380:Abdul Hamid
7376:(2009â2013)
7370:(1975â1977)
7358:(1974â1975)
7352:(1972â1973)
7328:(1956â1958)
7310:(1956â1957)
7267:Vision 2021
6972:Abdul Jalil
6937:Shamsul Huq
6395:S. H. Sarma
6365:T. N. Raina
6360:Sagat Singh
6315:S. M. Nanda
6268:Ghulam Azam
6217:Ahmad Zamir
6212:Mitty Masud
5495:Gono Bahini
5230:East Bengal
4980:(I) interim
4931:Khaleda Zia
4911:Khaleda Zia
4614:Anisuzzaman
4320:āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻž 'ā§ā§§
4293:Anisuzzaman
4243:(2017a) .
4004:30 November
3947:Prothom Alo
3900:30 November
3812:30 November
3670:31 December
3415:31 December
3251:Sobhan 1985
2667:Sobhan 1985
2604:Sobhan 1985
2592:Sobhan 1985
2544:Sobhan 1985
1945:Hashim 1998
1897:Hashim 1998
1873:Hashim 1998
1861:Hashim 1998
1825:Hashim 1998
1801:Hashim 1998
1452:Anisuzzaman
1309:martial law
1252:Nurul Islam
1125:Muktijoddha
1121:Gono Bahini
1108:West Bengal
1012:Sheikh Mani
743:coup d'Êtat
724:Jukta Front
568:Abul Hashim
523:East Bengal
508:, where he
495:East Bengal
483:West Bengal
383:Jubo League
358:during the
248:(from 1949)
219:Citizenship
109:Preceded by
7759:Categories
7682:Water lily
7666:Mango Tree
7180:Joy Bangla
7170:Mujibnagar
6871:Presidents
6760:Categories
6581:Categories
6507:War Report
6416:V. V. Giri
6283:Tridev Roy
6278:J.A. Rahim
6258:Nurul Amin
6202:A.O. Mitha
6182:A.K. Niazi
6177:S.M. Ahsan
6172:Tikka Khan
6167:Yahya Khan
6015:Bangladesh
5669:Cable 1971
5426:Bangladesh
5418:Combatants
5391:Combatants
5138:Joy Bangla
5101:Philosophy
4855:Bangladesh
4386:(2010) .
4169:(2020) .
4142:27 January
4119:Umar 2017b
4107:Umar 2017a
4075:Islam 2003
4058:Hasan 1992
4046:Hasan 1992
4031:Islam 2003
4019:Karim 2005
3978:27 January
3952:27 January
3926:24 January
3753:Karim 2005
3741:Karim 2005
3722:5 November
3644:Karim 2005
3632:Karim 2005
3620:Karim 2005
3572:Ahmad 2014
3545:Karim 2005
3533:Karim 2005
3521:Karim 2005
3509:Karim 2005
3485:Islam 2003
3473:Karim 2005
3458:Hasan 1992
3446:Hasan 1992
3434:Hasan 1992
3389:Hasan 1992
3377:Hasan 1992
3365:Karim 2005
3353:Hasan 1992
3341:Hasan 1992
3329:Hasan 1992
3317:Hasan 1992
3266:Hasan 1992
3239:Hasan 1992
3162:Hasan 1992
3150:Karim 2005
3138:Hasan 1992
3102:Islam 1985
3078:Hasan 1992
3066:Islam 1985
3051:Islam 1985
3039:Islam 1985
3027:Islam 1985
3015:Islam 1985
3003:Ahmad 2014
2991:Islam 1985
2967:Islam 1985
2955:Islam 1985
2943:Islam 1985
2928:Islam 1985
2916:Hasan 1992
2897:Islam 1985
2882:Hasan 1992
2867:Islam 1985
2850:Karim 2005
2838:Ahmad 2014
2826:Hasan 1992
2811:Hasan 1992
2799:Islam 1985
2787:Islam 1985
2775:Islam 1985
2763:Islam 1985
2751:Islam 1985
2739:Islam 1985
2727:Karim 2005
2715:Hasan 1992
2703:Islam 1985
2691:Islam 1985
2679:Islam 1985
2640:Islam 1985
2556:Islam 2003
2527:Ahmed 2010
2515:Salik 1997
2417:Jahan 1994
2405:Karim 2005
2393:Karim 2005
2369:Karim 2005
2302:Karim 2005
2290:Jahan 1994
2278:Karim 2005
2266:Karim 2005
2254:Karim 2005
2242:Karim 2005
2227:Karim 2005
2215:Karim 2005
2156:Umar 2017b
2144:Karim 2005
2132:Umar 2017b
2120:Umar 2017b
2108:Karim 2005
2096:Umar 2017b
2084:Umar 2017b
2060:Umar 2017a
2017:Karim 2005
2005:Umar 2017a
1993:Ahmed 2020
1981:Jahan 1994
1969:Karim 2005
1957:Umar 2017a
1933:Karim 2005
1921:Karim 2005
1909:Ahmed 2020
1885:Ahmed 2020
1849:Ahmed 2020
1837:Ahmed 2020
1813:Ahmed 2010
1789:Umar 2017a
1760:Ahmed 2010
1748:Jahan 1994
1679:References
1601:Bangladesh
1574:Bangladesh
1401:P N Haksar
1292:See also:
1243:World Bank
1228:secularism
1129:Mukti Fouj
1099:See also:
1085:Mujibnagar
996:See also:
950:See also:
907:six points
883:See also:
865:federation
769:See also:
755:Rawalpindi
688:Nurul Amin
635:See also:
570:succeeded
544:See also:
468:Bangladesh
446:Early life
419:Yahya Khan
411:Bangladesh
303:Alma mater
167:1925-07-23
7741:Bangamata
7698:Jackfruit
7551:Red-Green
6916:(1978â81)
6904:(1974â75)
6898:(1966â74)
6892:(1957â66)
6886:(1956â57)
6880:(1949â56)
6777:Aftermath
6467:Aftermath
6320:P. C. Lal
6232:K.M. Arif
5623:Air Force
5558:Air Force
5406:Massacres
5394:Campaigns
5133:Bangamata
4747:. Dhaka:
4724:. Dhaka:
4694:(2019).
4678:cite book
4670:776872677
4616:(2015).
4526:. Dhaka:
4522:(1997) .
4384:Imam, H T
4295:(1997).
4278:576634866
4257:576634866
4221:. Dhaka:
4217:(1994) .
4195:(1998) .
3807:The Hindu
3227:Imam 2010
3215:Imam 2010
3203:Imam 2010
2340:(2013).
1627:Tajuddin.
1586:Pakistan.
1224:democracy
1220:socialism
1140:M M Ahmad
1075:read the
1045:Shiliguri
974:Chuadanga
912:Buriganga
714:With the
529:from the
527:Economics
427:crackdown
399:Ayub Khan
297:(brother)
291:Relatives
285:Sohel Taj
139:In office
86:President
77:In office
7461:Category
6772:Genocide
6744:timeline
6404:Civilian
6303:Military
6241:Civilian
6160:Military
6153:Pakistan
6073:Civilian
6022:Military
5647:theaters
5589:Al-Shams
5579:Razakars
5537:Pakistan
5397:Theaters
5265:One Unit
5076:Timeline
4992:Category
4720:(2003).
4560:(ed.).
4548:(1985).
4428:(ed.).
4416:(1985).
4360:(ed.).
4348:(1985).
1557:Pakistan
1510:See also
1440:tactful.
1415:D P Dhar
1359:Tajuddin
1177:New York
1069:Meherpur
1030:Agartala
982:Rustamji
692:movement
616:Oli Ahad
608:Pakistan
600:The Azad
379:Pakistan
276:Children
100:(acting)
36:Bangataj
7725:Kabaddi
7559:Bengali
7088:History
6797:Peoples
6792:Battles
6005:Leaders
5584:Al-Badr
5562:Marines
5459:Z Force
5454:S Force
5449:K Force
5400:Battles
5004:Commons
4154:Sources
3870:12 July
3784:19 July
3729:threat.
3696:12 July
3188:13 July
2045:13 July
1716:13 July
1637:office.
1570:founded
1065:Kushtia
1034:Tripura
970:Kushtia
751:Karachi
709:Sreepur
684:Bengali
491:Kolkata
454:of the
354:as its
335:Bengali
174:Kapasia
7632:People
7509:
7436:(1975)
7364:(1975)
7205:BAKSAL
6722:Trials
5403:Events
4794:
4755:
4732:
4706:
4668:
4658:
4640:Others
4628:
4602:
4572:
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4334:
4307:
4276:
4255:
4229:
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4181:
3835:
3290:
2352:
1664:
1445:Legacy
1334:Family
1021:Dakota
920:Punjab
910:river
777:, and
747:Lahore
485:had a
475:Bengal
266:Spouse
178:Bengal
7706:Ilish
6782:Films
5870:Album
4811:[
4778:. In
4698:[
4650:[
4620:[
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4556:. In
4554:(PDF)
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4466:[
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1522:Notes
1288:Death
1063:, in
986:Delhi
924:Sindh
612:wings
554:With
502:Dhaka
487:Hindu
479:India
462:(now
458:, in
375:Dhaka
202:Dhaka
7674:Doel
5961:more
5875:Film
5619:Navy
5615:Army
5554:Navy
5550:Army
4859:List
4792:ISBN
4753:ISBN
4730:ISBN
4704:ISBN
4684:link
4666:OCLC
4656:ISBN
4626:ISBN
4600:ISBN
4570:ISBN
4532:ISBN
4506:ISBN
4472:ISBN
4438:ISBN
4400:ISBN
4370:ISBN
4332:ISBN
4305:ISBN
4274:OCLC
4253:OCLC
4227:ISBN
4201:ISBN
4179:ISBN
4144:2021
4094:Time
4006:2011
3980:2021
3954:2021
3928:2021
3902:2011
3872:2015
3833:ISBN
3814:2011
3786:2016
3724:2020
3698:2015
3672:2013
3417:2013
3288:ISBN
3190:2015
2350:ISBN
2047:2015
1718:2015
1662:ISBN
1477:Time
1368:for
1357:and
1324:coup
1304:coup
1296:and
1226:and
1149:The
972:and
922:and
889:The
855:and
819:The
680:Urdu
618:and
548:and
473:The
283:and
188:Died
157:Born
67:1st
4853:of
4496:.
4462:.
3299:...
1615:BSF
1175:in
1131:).
978:BSF
732:Law
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