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502:, a 19th-century historian and author of a history of Maryland, wrote that "...no county was more decided in its action than Talbot. Another author wrote that the May 24 meeting in Talbot County was "among the very earliest" of those type of "meetings held in Maryland". Statements similar to the Talbot Resolves were made elsewhere in the British North American colonies.
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force is employed in the severest penalties inflicted; the people, they clearly perceive, have a right not only to complain, but like–wise to exert their utmost endeavors to prevent the effect of such measures as may be adopted by a weak and corrupt ministry to destroy their liberties, to deprive them of their property and rob them of the dearest birthright as
Britons.
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government into territory west of the bay and territory east of the bay (Maryland's
Eastern Shore). This temporary Eastern Shore government met in Easton, Maryland, and Tilghman became its president. He resigned from all government activities in 1783 after the end of the American Revolutionary War, and died May 5, 1790.
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colonies". Tilghman was among those selected to represent
Maryland in Philadelphia, and this meeting became known as the First Continental Congress. The Philadelphia meeting of the First Continental Congress began on September 5, 1774, and it continued into October. A boycott of British goods was threatened, and
535:, and it makes liberal use of the term "resolved". A summary paragraph of the Chester Town proclamation, in a paragraph above the Talbot Court House statement and below the Chester Town statement, says "The above resolves were entered into upon a discovery of a late importation of the dutiable tea...."
634:
Edward Lloyd IV continued to be involved in
Maryland politics until his death in 1796. He was also a delegate for the state of Maryland to the Congress of the United States for 1783 and 1784. Robert Goldsborough IV continued his involvement in Maryland politics, and he was a judge in Maryland General
577:
To preserve the rights and to secure the property of the subject, they apprehend is the end of government. But when those rights are invaded—when the mode prescribed by the laws for the punishment of offences and obtaining justice is disregarded and spurned—when without being heard in their defence,
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Impressed with the warmest zeal for and loyalty to their most gracious sovereign, and with the most sincere affection for their fellow subjects in Great
Britain, they have determined calmly and steadily to unite with their fellow subjects in pursuing every legal and constitutional measure to avert
573:
Alarmed at the present situation of
America and impressed with the most tender feelings for the distresses of their brethren and fellow subjects in Boston, a number of gentlemen having met at this place, took into their serious consideration the part they ought to act as friends of liberty and the
385:
which added different types of taxes which were used to fund colonial governors and judges. Among the new law's provisions was an import tax on items such as glass, paper, and tea—all of which had to be imported from
Britain. The act reinvigorated dissent. In March 1770, British troops fired on an
630:
Tilghman again was one of the representatives of
Maryland in the Second Continental Congress, but was unable to sign the Declaration because he returned to Maryland to lead its government. In 1781 the Chesapeake Bay was patrolled by British warships, making it necessary for Maryland to split its
610:
counties held in
Annapolis. Tilghman was elected as chairman of the convention. A series of resolutions condemning recent acts of Parliament were made. Another resolution made was that a general congress of all of the colonies should meet in Philadelphia during September—"a firm union of sister
417:
and enable tea to enter North
America priced lower than the tea typically smuggled in to avoid taxes. Colonists recognized that by buying this lower-cost tea, and paying the import tax from the Townshend Acts, they would be setting a precedent of abiding by a type of tax they believed unfair.
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Court from 1784 to 1798. He died in 1798. Lawyer Nicholas Thomas represented Talbot County in Maryland's Lower House, and was house speaker from 1777 through 1778. He was involved with the Talbot County Militia during 1776, and a judge in General Court from 1778 to 1782. He died in 1784.
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met in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775. By this time, the American Revolutionary War had begun. On July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress approved and signed "The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America", which later became known in the United States as the
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342:. Although this pamphlet complained mostly against the Stamp Act, it also noted that the restriction on the colonial export of tobacco to countries other than Great Britain was costing farmers money. Notable incidents of violence that occurred between 1765 and 1767 happened at
365:
In Talbot County, Maryland, a group of unknown citizens released "Resolutions of the Freemen of Talbot County Maryland" on November 25, 1765—nearly a decade before the release of the Talbot Resolves. They assembled at the county court house, and declared loyalty to King
582:
the evils threatened by the late act of Parliament for shutting up the port of Boston; to support the common rights of America and to promote the union and harmony between the mother country and the colonies on which the preservation of both must finally depend.
526:
It is believed that in 1958 Baltimore writer Neil H. Swanson was the first to call the statement made at Talbot Court House the Talbot Resolves. The earliest record of the Talbot Resolves is at the bottom of page 3 in the September 2, 1774, edition of the
450:. The first of this group of acts was the Boston Port Act, which closed Boston's port. British leadership hoped their punishment for Massachusetts would cause other colonies to tone down their resistance to authority. Instead, the acts caused
251:, Nicholas Thomas, and Robert Goldsborough IV. All four were leading citizens of Talbot County, and they represented the county in a meeting of all of Maryland's counties held in June shortly after the reading of the Talbot Resolves.
478:
The Talbot Resolves was a proclamation in support of the citizens of Boston. It was read by leading citizens of Talbot County at Talbot Court House on May 24, 1774. The statement was read in response to the British plan to close the
433:, and it led to defiance in other colonies and similar protests. Over the next few weeks, tea from the British East India Company was rejected at ports in Charleston, New York, and Philadelphia. Later in the year, citizens of
374:") in front of the court house door with an effigy of a stamp informer hung in chains, which would remain until the Stamp Act was repealed. On March 18, 1766, Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, but it also passed the
429:. Men dressed as Native Americans boarded a British East India Company ship in the harbor at night and destroyed its entire shipment of tea by throwing it into the water. The December 16 incident became known as the
495:
were a mixture of revolutionaries, loyalists, and neutralists. They typically "rejected outside influences" of all types, and some believed that a cause concerning Boston did not have to be a cause of Maryland.
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The purpose of each county's committee of correspondence was to "give guidance to any political movements and hold communication with bodies of the same kind wherever they had been organized throughout the
655:
Talbot Court House was the name of the village that surrounded Talbot County's courthouse beginning in 1712. An Act from 1785 named the town Talbot, but another Act from 1788 changed the town's name to
370:. They also declared that they should enjoy the same rights as British subjects. The remainder of their proclamation complained about the Stamp Act. They also declared that they would erect a gallows ("
562:. They met in Annapolis with similar committees from other Maryland counties. It is possible, some say probable, that Tilghman and/or the other three men elected as representatives wrote the document.
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caused discontent in the colonies. The major objection was that the taxes were being imposed on the colonists by politicians that did not represent colonists. A slogan often used by the colonists was "
338:
446:
British Parliament reacted to the Boston Tea Party by passing a group of punitive laws aimed at Massachusetts called the Coercive Acts. In the North America the Coercive Acts became known as the
1737:
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660:. It is believed that the name Easton evolved from "East Town", since the community was once the seat of Maryland government for the state's territory east of Chesapeake Bay (a.k.a.
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Matthew Tilghman's nephew is Tench Tilghman, who was an aide-de-camp for General George Washington during the American Revolutionary War. The family also included loyalists.
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In 1958, a Baltimore writer and lecturer named Neil H. Swanson came across the Talbot statement. He appears to have been the first to call it the "Talbot Resolves".
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The Lords Baltimore and the Maryland Palatinate: Six Lectures on Maryland Colonial History Delivered Before the Johns Hopkins University in the Year 1902
531:. The word "resolve" is nowhere to be found in the article. On the same newspaper page is another article that lists a statement made by the citizens of
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colonies. From the British point of view, the colonies were being taxed to cover the cost of the British Army protecting them. Taxes related to the
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in 1632 by the king of England. The colony became part of a group of English (later British) colonies located along the east coast of
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1755:"American Colonial Committees of Correspondence: Encountering Oppression, Exploring Unity, and Exchanging Visions of the Future"
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1 as punishment for the Boston Tea Party protest. Not all of the region's residents agreed with the proclamation. Residents of
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that is dated earlier—May 19, 1774. Although the Chester Town document condemns the tax on tea, it does not mention Boston.
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Local lore, unsubstantiated, says that the Chester Town Resolves were drafted in response to the Boston Tea Party, and a
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Sharf also wrote that Talbot County had the earliest response. That might not be true because at the top of the same
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390:. During the same month, many of the taxes from the Townshend Acts were repealed. An exception was the tax on tea.
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page that contained the Talbot Court House statement is a similar (although longer) resolution released by
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1626:"For God, King, and Country: Loyalism on the Eastern Shore of Maryland During the American Revolution"
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546:, is the person said to have called the meeting on the courthouse lawn. On June 22, Tilghman,
1636:(3/4). Oakville, Ontario: Pi Gamma Mu (International Social Science Honor Society): 135–156.
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Within the next 14 months, statements or resolves were issued elsewhere in the colonies. The
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The author of the Talbot Resolves is unknown. Speculation has been made that the author is
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8:
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No record is known to exist of the men at the meeting that produced the Talbot Resolves.
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28:
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Preston, Dickson (May 22, 1974). "Talbot Yesterday - Were there any Talbot Resolves?".
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In June 1774, Tilghman, Lloyd, Thomas, and Goldsborough represented Talbot County in a
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378:—which reasserted that Parliament had authority and control in the American colonies.
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437:, had their own tea party. On October 19, 1774, the owner of the Maryland cargo ship
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Where Land and Water Intertwine: An Architectural History of Talbot County, Maryland
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mimicking the Boston Tea Part occurred during May 1774 when tea was thrown into the
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To protest British Parliament's closing of the Port of Boston as punishment for the
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as punishment for a protest against taxes on tea. The protest became known as the
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1218:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission, U.S. National Archives
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was forced to burn his ship, with its cargo of tea, at the port of Annapolis.
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was made on July 4, 1776, and a new independent government for the state of
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went into effect. This act was designed to assist the financially troubled
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1413:. Office of the Historian, Department of State, United States of America.
36:
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Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, Library of Congress
1082:"Talbot County Commemorates the 250th Anniversary of the Talbot Resolves"
339:
Considerations on the Propriety of Imposing Taxes in the British Colonies
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1754:
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1625:
367:
362:. These events typically happened between customs officers and locals.
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551:
371:
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1765:(1). Long Beach, California: Society for History Education: 83–128.
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271:
232:. The Talbot Resolves was a statement of support for the city of
410:
1662:
History of Maryland: From the Earliest Period to the Present Day
351:
902:"Parliament - an Act Repealing the Stamp Act; March 18, 1766"
554:, Nicholas Thomas of Anderton, and Robert Goldsborough IV of
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1502:"Archives of Maryland - Robert Goldsborough IV (1740-1798)"
1405:
1403:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1725:
History of Talbot County, Maryland, 1661-1861, Volume II
1012:"Burning of the Peggy Steward - The Annapolis Tea Party"
1793:. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.
1691:
History of Talbot County, Maryland, 1661-1861, Volume I
1400:
1157:
1728:. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams and Wilkins Company.
1694:. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams and Wilkins Company.
1310:
Edward H. Nabb Research Center - Salisbury University
1276:"Talbot Court House, May 24, 1774 (bottom of page 3)"
1268:
1240:
1238:
1170:"Chester Town, May 19, 1774 - To the Printers of the
1355:"Archives of Maryland - Tench Tilghman (1744-1786)"
781:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
386:angry mob of colonists in what became known as the
1528:"Archives of Maryland - Nicholas Thomas (d. 1784)"
1380:Weeks, Bourne & Maryland Historical Trust 1984
1342:Weeks, Bourne & Maryland Historical Trust 1984
1235:
952:
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421:On December 16, 1773, a protest led mostly by the
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247:or a group of citizens that included Tilghman,
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1282:. Anne Catharine Green and Son. June 6, 1774.
1180:. Anne Catharine Green and Son. June 6, 1774.
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332:A popular pamphlet written by Maryland lawyer
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1250:
1100:
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1074:
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980:
816:
1753:Warford-Johnston, Benjamin (November 2016).
1591:Growth of the American Revolution, 1766–1775
1482:
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882:
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751:A Map of the British empire in North America
308:, Great Britain began imposing taxes on its
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542:of Rich Neck Manor, a future member of the
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615:the position of the colonies were issued.
35:
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1785:Weeks, Christopher; Bourne, Michael O.;
1306:"Chestertown Tea Party: Fact or Fiction"
593:
469:
397:
1623:
1508:from the original on September 28, 2024
1373:
1361:from the original on September 28, 2024
1256:
1216:"Fairfax County Resolves, 18 July 1774"
1136:
1022:from the original on September 13, 2024
846:from the original on September 12, 2024
16:Pre-Revolutionary era historical marker
1838:
1740:from the original on December 17, 2021
1706:from the original on September 4, 2024
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1575:from the original on September 4, 2024
1316:from the original on September 6, 2024
1286:from the original on September 4, 2024
1184:from the original on September 4, 2024
1151:
1118:from the original on September 4, 2024
1088:. Adams Publishing Group. May 29, 2024
836:""No Taxation Without Representation""
748:Samuel Dunn and Robert Sayer (1774).
729:
454:to unite in defiance, leading to the
1851:Documents of the American Revolution
1556:
1055:from the original on August 24, 2024
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608:convention of Providence of Maryland
1856:Maryland in the American Revolution
1630:International Social Science Review
393:
41:Historic marker for Talbot Resolves
13:
1534:from the original on June 15, 2024
1417:from the original on June 25, 2024
968:from the original on July 16, 2024
912:from the original on July 15, 2024
322:no taxation without representation
14:
1872:
1817:
1411:"Continental Congress, 1774–1781"
935:from the original on May 22, 2024
1259:Star-Democrat (Easton, Maryland)
1086:Star-Democrat (Easton, Maryland)
602:before the United States existed
474:Talbot County courthouse in 2023
156:
142:
1688:; Harrison, Samuel A. (1915a).
711:
701:
684:
667:
649:
522:Creation of the Talbot Resolves
465:
381:In 1767, Parliament passed the
1722:; Harrison, Samuel A. (1915).
1588:Knollenberg, Bernhard (1975).
574:general interests of mankind.
1:
1846:1774 in the Thirteen Colonies
1624:Neville, Barry Paige (2009).
1557:Hall, Clayton Colman (1902).
1549:
1489:Tilghman & Harrison 1915a
1477:Tilghman & Harrison 1915a
1453:"Tilghman, Matthew 1718-1790"
1448:Tilghman & Harrison 1915a
1436:Tilghman & Harrison 1915a
1395:Tilghman & Harrison 1915a
1108:"History of Easton, Maryland"
304:. During the 1760s after the
277:
260:Second Continental Congresses
238:Province of Massachusetts Bay
1338:Tilghman & Harrison 1915
1203:Tilghman & Harrison 1915
889:Tilghman & Harrison 1915
723:
643:
600:13 British American colonies
589:
558:represented Talbot County's
409:Effective May 10, 1773, the
7:
1563:. Baltimore: J. Murphy Co.
1530:. Maryland State Archives.
1504:. Maryland State Archives.
1357:. Maryland State Archives.
754:(Map). London: Robert Sayer
625:Declaration of Independence
620:Second Continental Congress
560:committee of correspondence
360:Charlestown, South Carolina
268:Declaration of Independence
212:was a proclamation made by
198:Parliament of Great Britain
10:
1877:
1049:American Battlefield Trust
962:American Battlefield Trust
929:American Battlefield Trust
906:American Battlefield Trust
840:American Battlefield Trust
791:American Battlefield Trust
544:First Continental Congress
460:American Revolutionary War
415:British East India Company
281:
264:American Revolutionary War
1826:– Talbot County, Maryland
1787:Maryland Historical Trust
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26:
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1832:- Maryland Manual Online
1830:Talbot County chronology
1665:. Baltimore: J.B. Piet.
1594:. New York: Free Press.
1112:Town of Easton, Maryland
662:Maryland's Eastern Shore
638:
514:. In Massachusetts, the
489:Maryland's Eastern Shore
224:had decided to blockade
216:citizens of the British
510:were involved with the
220:, on May 24, 1774. The
192:Robert Goldsborough IV
93:38.774861°N 76.076806°W
52:; 250 years ago
1045:"The Intolerable Acts"
787:"The Boston Tea Party"
679:Chester Town, Maryland
603:
475:
406:
356:Newbury, Massachusetts
348:Dighton, Massachusetts
328:Protests against taxes
1824:Talbot County history
1245:Warford-Johnston 2016
1230:Warford-Johnston 2016
692:Chestertown Tea Party
613:statements explaining
597:
473:
401:
306:French and Indian War
282:Further information:
98:38.774861; -76.076806
1016:Maryland State House
958:"Townshend Act 1767"
314:American Act of 1764
294:Province of Maryland
218:Province of Maryland
1759:The History Teacher
1479:, pp. 176, 180
570:The Talbot Resolves
456:American Revolution
435:Annapolis, Maryland
405:mural in statehouse
336:in 1765 was called
284:American Revolution
89: /
29:American Revolution
1438:, pp. 427–428
604:
500:John Thomas Scharf
476:
407:
344:Pokomoke, Maryland
292:A charter for the
222:British Parliament
1800:978-0-80183-165-2
1657:Scharf, J. Thomas
1601:978-0-02917-110-3
925:"Declaratory Act"
587:
586:
504:George Washington
452:thirteen colonies
425:was conducted in
354:, Massachusetts;
318:Stamp Act of 1765
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50:May 24, 1774
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1174:(top of page 3)"
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529:Maryland Gazette
516:Suffolk Resolves
512:Fairfax Resolves
486:
448:Intolerable Acts
431:Boston Tea Party
403:Boston Tea Party
394:Boston Tea Party
245:Matthew Tilghman
230:Boston Tea Party
183:Matthew Tilghman
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1177:
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174:Lead figures
81:38°46′29.5″N
27:Part of the
1152:Scharf 1879
96: /
84:76°4′36.5″W
1840:Categories
1744:October 3,
1710:August 17,
1647:August 31,
1615:August 30,
1550:References
1462:August 18,
796:August 28,
708:colonies".
368:George III
278:Background
57:1774-05-24
736:Hall 1902
724:Citations
644:Footnotes
590:Aftermath
552:Wye House
266:began. A
109:Caused by
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1789:(1984).
1771:44504455
1738:Archived
1704:Archived
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966:Archived
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910:Archived
844:Archived
458:and the
272:Maryland
65:Location
1734:1541072
1700:1541072
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1569:3564975
491:of the
483:on June
236:in the
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485:
372:gibbet
358:; and
352:Boston
234:Boston
72:, U.S.
1767:JSTOR
1638:JSTOR
639:Notes
256:First
119:Goals
1805:OCLC
1795:ISBN
1778:2024
1746:2021
1730:OCLC
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1696:OCLC
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