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merely a transfer from such a body which we see to a glorifying body in the kingdom of Osiris.furthermore,the book is just a collection of spells to counteract actions of evil-spirits which try to prevent this BA or glorifying soul from reaching Fields of Peace which are the real kingdom of gods.The most important part of this book is what is called negative confession in the hall of double MAAT i.e.two godesses of truth , where a person must declare his innocence before 42 god.This declaration costitutes basic moral values of humankind uptill now e.g.1- I have not done violence 2-I have not commited theft 3-I have not acted deceitfully 4-I have not uttered falsehood 5-I have not uttered falsehood 6-I have not uttered evil words 7-I have attacked no man 8- I have not laid waste the lands which have been ploughed 9-I have not defiled the wife of a man 10-I have not commited any sin against purity 11-I have not struck fear into any man 12-I have not been a man of anger 13-I have not made myself deaf to the words of right and truth. 14-I have made no man to weep. 15-I have not judged hastily 16-I have not acted with deceit and I have not worked wickedness 17-I have not cursed the god 18- I have not increased my wealth except with justly things.
1754:(For future reference, new discussion topics go at the bottom of the talk page.) I don't see what's objectionable about this passage. It only says "For every 'I have not...' in the Negative Confession, it is possible to read an unexpressed 'Thou shalt not'. While the Ten Commandments of Jewish and Christian ethics are rules of conduct laid down by a perceived divine revelation, the Negative Confession is more a divine enforcement of everyday morality." The first sentence is pretty obviously true, and because the Egyptians didn't have ethical codes laid out by divine revelation, the second sentence more or less follows from it. Besides, if a statement in a Knowledge article is based on the consensus of scholars in the relevant field of expertise, then it is neutral by Knowledge's definition, and as far as I know, this is the consensus.
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place poetry, prayer, or spiritual prose on tombstones or in ceremonies. My classmates at
Cambridge, their parents and grandparents would no doubt refer to eulogies or whatever prose or poetry was relevant to their lives in this way, not as 'spells', I trust men and women of ancient Eygpt were not significantly less textured in their own appreciation of life. This text may offer a glimpse into an ancient literary canon that should not be trivialized in one stroke as 'spells' - this trivializing limits rather than liberates thinking about the text's significance.
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Kingdom, can hardly be called a version at all because there is no real standard text. And the so-called "Saite" recension is really just a fossilized compilation used much later and is evolved from New
Kingdom examples: Raymond O. Faulkner, The Egyptian Book of the Dead, The Book of Going forth by Day. The First Authentic Presentation of the Complete Papyrus of Ani translated by Raymond Faulkner, edited by Eva von Dassow, with contributions by Carol Andrews and Ogden Goelet (Chronicle Books, San Francisco), c 1994.
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it here because the article shouldn't have comments like this within it - discussion should happen here. I just wondered if 4WhatMakesSense had any references to this alternative interpretation of the picture? If it's a significant point of view within the academic community we should of course include it.
919:, just like any other good book one selects: like "Moby Dick", "Atlas Shrugged", the "Bible" (New T, or Old T,)... etc. "It takes a Village"... SonoranDesert AZfellow.. ....You know how you get to like your Favorite Chapters,Quotes,Sayings?-... (Or.. the favorite Question you ask your Favorite GOD?) -
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The section on "Judgement" with the analogy to "the Ten
Commandments of Jewish and Christian ethics" seems to summarise an opinionated source as if it were simply factual. Opinions can be valid to mention, if they are particularly influential, but they should be framed as such. Possibly direct quotes
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I do not see how the english word "dead" has come out of the translation. The word "dead" is by no means equivalent to what the Khemet referred to as leaving life. It is clear that there is much more to it. Simplifying the name pf texts as something to do with modern death greatly diminishes the true
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Spells are deadly serious business to people who believe in them! Likewise incantations that will subdue the demons you will meet along the way. One day
Christian mythology will be seen by all for the ridiculous childishness it is, and any references to it by those living 5000 years from now may well
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Why the focus on 'spells'? This trivializes the text's content & context. Why not consider a new paradigm: the translated text reads more like poetry, consistent with what we know of
Egyptian culture. Poetry suitable for certain occasions. In contemporary cultures it is not uncommon for people to
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added this comment into the main picture's caption; "Ed.NMEMS ~ That's not what it shows, it is a woman(Ammit) in court testifying against a married man. The uploaded image cuts out him & his wife, but the ring on his left hand(Ankh) means he is not allowed to be with others(Married)". I've moved
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some different books of the dead, in fact nearly every New
Kingdom book of the dead is a unique "version" as is already mentioned in the article. And yes, there was a set version used after the 26th dynasty, in the Saite period, where the contents were arranged in a thematic order that was relatively
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As for the difference between a hieratic and cursive hieroglyphic version that is different from the Theban recension, there is no difference. Any "version" could be written in either way, so how is this to be classified as a different text? This would be akin to saying a bible set in Times New Roman
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Here's a funny continuation of this saga. This is a game of chinese whispers going through history. It was
Richard Karl Lepsius, who asked the local arabs what they were called, and having found them in a 'tomb' (probably wasn't a tomb), they called it the 'Tomb Books'. Which Lepsius then translated
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for details. Most of the sources still call this composition "Book of the Dead", even though most of them mention that the name is modern and the
Egyptian title meant something like "Book of Coming Forth by Day". If most of the sources abandoned the term "Book of the Dead", Knowledge would, too, but
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I just removed some text from the article claiming four different versions of the book of the dead. Budge's outdated work wrongly perpetuates
Naville's idea that there were different "Theban" and "Saite" versions of the book of the dead. The so-called "Theban" version (or recension), from in the New
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This is a project I'd like to take on some day, & could be applied to more of
Knowledge than just Ancient Egypt. Take one of the standard authorities of history or culture -- Herotodus, the Elder Pliny, the writings of Breasted or Kenneth Kitchen, & see if you can't smoothly merge quotations
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by Robert K. Ritner, 1993, pp. 236–249). The term the Egyptian used for the divisions of the Book of the Dead meant something more like "spell" than "chapter", as funerary texts were believed to have magical effects, and their texts could be re-adapted for use by the living (Ritner 1993, pp. 41–42,
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It is not a Funerary Text. They call it that because it was buried with someone. But the Text is about how people lived their days. Please help correct the context, and use the correct names, rather than the conventional, Religious Slander = "Book of the Dead". Such slander has no Academic Value or
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I take issue with the popular name, not the Knowledge entry. I'm simply pointing out that the name assigned alters the perspective of the entire work to any new user hoping to find infornation here. It might be already widely known, but the amount of times "Book Of The Dead" has been used in this
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I think this has good potential, but the grammar and diction is terrible. Please consider re-writing, as this is not encyclopedic; for example, "the title of the famous old book"? Well, no. That's not proper. As a matter of fact, the more I read this segment, the more I think it's too biased. The
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pert em hru is a hieroglyphic expression which means in english -coming forth by day- It is usually the title of the famous old book known as -book of the dead- although this recent title is rediculous and meaningless because there is no such thing as death in old Egypt.what is really happening
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Based on past edits in history page, I believe we're looking out for the status of this article in the future because there will be more and more non-standard amoral edits until... what? Should we block anonymous users from editing right now or what's another plan to deal with this situation?
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Hello TranscendTranslation! When I worked on this article a couple of years ago, most of the sources I was working from tended towards the term "spell". This is inevitably only a small sliver of the literature - I'm sure we could benefit from more material about the different approaches to
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into German as 'Tötenbuch' or again translated into English, 'Book of the Dead'. It doesn't end there. In Tibet, Walter Evans-Wentz had the Bardo To Dol translated, and thought it was 'like the Egyptian Book Of The Dead'. And thus, he called the Bardo Todol 'The Tibetan Book Of The Dead'.
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In other words, something completely different in wording and meaning. Orientalising has meant that Ancient Egypt was re-framed as a culture obsessed with death rather than life, including immortality. It was consciously contrasted with Greek obsession with youth and vitality.
1152:"A comprehensive written version appears in the 1999 film "The Mummy" and its 2000 sequel as the means of ressurecting the dead, starting with the titular mummy Imhotep. It appears alongside the fictional Book of the Living, which is the way they stop the mummy in the movie
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Yes I will as soon as my books which are in transit arrive. Its not so much that what Taylor says is wrong but that an article which draws largely from one source is not likely to reflect a well rounded view of the subject. Don't take this as a major crit - just an
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As may be, but what's the relevance to this article? "Book of the Dead" is by far the name by which this is most widely known in the English language, and that's not a translation of the original Egyptian, it's a translation of Lepsius' 1842 German rendering.
892:. Since the vandals all seem to be annons, then semi-protection might help. However, since there was almost two weeks between vandalisms, it might not happen. The best thing to do is just keep the page on your watchlist and check every edit.
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interpreting the texts. If you can see errors or omissions please feel to make amendments - the key principle is that the article ought to reflect the balance of opinion that can be read in secondary and tertiary sources on the subject.
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A boring task, but the benefit of doing it is that you can set the dates !(e.g., why say Khufu lived 2589-2566? As long as you keep the length of his reign correct, or cite a respected source, you can date it 2590-2567 or 2585-2563)
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Although I can see that this article is improving I am a bit concerned that nearly all references are Taylor (and a few Faulkner). I am not wholly convinced by some of assertions and I think this is the danger of a single
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The 18:07, 22 April 2006 edit of the above article on the Gospel story added a new next-to-last paragraph to the Meaning section with this opening sentence: "There is an increadibly similar tale told in the, pre-Christian,
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1819:, "rw nw prt m hrw" translates into: ‘Utterances of Coming Forth in the Day’. More smoothly translated: Words of Coming Forth in the Day. In other words, how to achieve enlightenment, during life. Not after death.
1472:, it would have to include analysis of the texts' value as literature. I'm not very knowledgeable on that subject, though, and I'm not sure where to find this kind of detailed analysis in the Egyptological sources.
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would be appropriate, or language along the lines of "some authors have compared it to". Currently this section seems to have been edited to look simple / factual / unbiased, without actually being such.
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Then perhaps it should be called both. A reference to it's historic mistranslation/misrepresentation - no matter how often repeated - and an actual translation of the title according to Ancient Egyptian.
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How many chapters do you think are in the Book of the Dead? Where do you think that the dead people go? How do they die so fast? Could the Egyptians in the afterlife still have their books of the deads?
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article did not confirm the assertion. Can anyone document the assertion with either a primary source or a secondary source that cites a primary source to the same effect? Thx for your assistance.
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fixed. These points will be addressed in the article, where they can be properly introduced and cited, but please, please, please, don't go to Budge for interpretation or English translation!
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This section appears to be vandalized. I am not well-versed in this and so do not want to attempt to do anything about it. But will someone who is more adept, please look into this..
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I will say that "spell" may seem trivializing to modern Westerners, but to the ancient Egyptians, speech and writing were believed to have a profound power, which the Egyptians called
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Hi, I just checked the whole article, including the weighing of the heart section. Everything seems to be accurate; the translation is from Goelet's 1988 work cited in the references.
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Knowledge articles can only be at one title (one URL). But the second sentence of this article does give the Egyptian title: "the original Egyptian name for the text, transliterated
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into English is probably "magic", but that word, like "spell", still has some negative connotations, where people assume magic is opposed to and inferior to religion. In contrast,
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Also, calling it 'Book Of The Dead' creates a confusing connection to the Tibetan Book Of The Dead. Which is also a mistranslation... Tibet's Bardo Thodol translates as,
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Look forward to it! Yes, I quite agree, it's a little too reliant on one source to be (say) FA material. I'm sure there are also plenty of areas where views differ.
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To start with, most of the general history articles badly need attention. And I'm told that at least some of the dynasty articles need work. Any other candidates?
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or information into relevant articles. Probably a good exercise for someone who owns one of those impressive texts, yet can't get access to a research library.
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As for the Heliopolitan version, (supposedly 5th dynasty), the author must have this confused with something else. There was a heliopolitan version of the
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Well, the Hebrews cobbled together their religion from the cultures that surrounded them; what would be noteworthy about any given Biblical element is its
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1711:: The italics are for non-English text, which in this case means the Egyptian phrase. The comma isn't a part of that phrase and should not be italicized.
1425:, and the divisions of the book are always called either "chapters" or "spells" in Egyptological writing. I didn't write this article, but you could ask
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and are dealt with by editors who may be unfamiliar with the article in question, so please try to be specific about the edits you want. Cheers,
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We should have an article on every pyramid and every nome in Ancient Egypt. I'm sure the rest of us can think of other articles we should have.
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1911:"We owe that super cool name to Karl Richard Lepsius , described as the founder of German Egyptology , who apparently named it “Tötenbuch”,
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the black book of the dead was created in 16 bc by the one caydious known as the 3rd egyption king who was kidnapped in 17bc by leon henry
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article, it would embed in any reader the notion that that is what it was always called instead of just being a 160 year old name.
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The following is some material from an article redirected here. The author woul;d like it merged into the article, or restored.
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In the second-to-last paragraph under the "spells" subsection, the last sentence contains an incorrect word. " giving him power
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When was it probably written, please? There are no dates. Yeah there are, it said around the New Kingdom (1550 BC) to 50 BC.
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According to the Knowledge entry in this article, the Ancient Egyptian title is: r(ꜣ)w n(y)w prt m hrw(w)). According to the
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It seems incongruent for the English translation to be so different from the Ancient Egyptian title in the same sentence.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20130514100911/http://www.cultorweb.com/eBooks/Archeo/The.Egyptian.Book.of.the.Dead.(1895).pdf
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Anyone? I consider this probably the most unimportant of tasks on Knowledge, but if you believe it needs to be done . . .
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I fixed the one example of each which I saw during a quick scan. If there are others, please make another request.
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Slander? Any disadvantaged parties have been dead (pardon, have emerged into the light of day) for millennia.
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From what I just read my own translation is "Men talking in the day". Where does "Book of the dead" fit in?
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subjects on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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1871:: "Bardo Thödol, (Tibetan: “Liberation in the Intermediate State Through Hearing”)... Seems like a trend.
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Perhaps you could let me know which statements you're worried about and which sources you're consulting.
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records the results of the weighing of the heart? I wonder if a previous writer has confused Thoth with
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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Egyptian 'Book of the Dead', BCE - University of Washington Information School, October 12, 2023
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Punctuation goes inside quotation marks. Citations should follow punctuation, not the reverse.
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For now, i remove the *, please restore it if i just overlooked where it points to.
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That edit does not document the first sentence. My check of external sources at the
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That doesn't mean the Book of the Dead and other funerary texts weren't poetry. As
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A new section, "In Popular Culture", should be published, starting with:
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What does the * refer to? I find it only once in the page with Ctrl-F.
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perhaps from the Arabic term used by villagers to describe tomb papyri
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If you feel that the page should be protected, you can request it at
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I think that we should have some facts and pictures on this page.
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THE BOOK OF THE DEAD The Papyrus of Ani by E. A. WALLIS BUDGE
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Should the comma be in italics or normal? "transliterated
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Exactly four different "versions" of the book of the dead?
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Just checked again myself, seems Thoth is the scribe of
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is a different bible than one set in Century Gothic.
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User_talk:Sam_Spade#thank_you.2C_please_one_question
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Is that list authentic? Items 4 and 5 are the same.
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1448:The Mechanics of Ancient Egyptian Modern Practice
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1140:Edit request from 75.178.184.130, 18 April 2010
48:If it no longer meets these criteria, you can
1468:, 2006, p. 8). If this article were to reach
1534:Semi-protected edit request on 25 March 2015
967:First few sentences of 'weighing the heart'
761:moral of the story is, please re-write it.
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672:This article is supported by
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1438:. The best translation of
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1335:Jonpatterns
1120:—Preceding
1043:Punctuation
1023:—Preceding
973:—Preceding
825:Thomasmeeks
1955:Categories
1869:Brittanica
1668:Jevinchi07
1635:Jevinchi07
1554:|answered=
768:MaytrixInk
37:under the
1928:Knowledge
1895:A. Parrot
1852:A. Parrot
1756:A. Parrot
1713:A. Parrot
1474:A. Parrot
1353:A. Parrot
1175:Not done:
997:Jeff Dahl
959:Jeff Dahl
748:Sam Spade
129:is rated
1796:PizzaMan
1778:PizzaMan
1493:The Land
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921:Mmcannis
131:GA-class
51:reassess
1917:Source:
1750:Irtapil
1734:Irtapil
1578:them."
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1388:Rajmaan
1234:Apepch7
1204:Apepch7
1202:source.
1114:mummies
638:on the
527:on the
397:Cleanup
368:history
317:on the
191:defunct
165:defunct
74:Process
1845:; see
1709:Adûnâi
1695:Adûnâi
1371:": -->
894:Koweja
715:Anubis
611:Africa
602:Africa
552:Africa
137:scale.
96:Listed
77:Result
1616:Meep?
1558:|ans=
1548:This
711:Thoth
705:Thoth
557:Egypt
500:Death
491:Death
463:Death
378:purge
373:watch
118:This
1936:talk
1899:talk
1877:talk
1856:talk
1832:talk
1760:talk
1738:talk
1717:talk
1699:talk
1693:"?--
1672:talk
1639:talk
1599:Done
1584:talk
1576:over
1520:talk
1497:talk
1478:talk
1444:heka
1440:heka
1436:heka
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1392:talk
1373:edit
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1061:Done
1033:talk
1001:Talk
983:talk
954:were
880:Gh87
859:talk
845:talk
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723:Duat
697:Edit
363:edit
71:Date
1915:."
1893:".
1801:♨♨♨
1783:♨♨♨
1608:Hef
1556:or
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