Tamil Nadu - Knowledge

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east of the Western Ghats. Winter and early summer are long dry periods with temperatures averaging above 18 °C (64 °F); summer is exceedingly hot with temperatures in low-lying areas exceeding 50 °C (122 °F); and the rainy season lasts from June to September, with annual rainfall

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community, who were once feudatories of the three ancient Tamil kingdoms. The Kalabhra era is referred to as the "dark period" of Tamil history, and information about it is generally inferred from any mentions in the literature and inscriptions that are dated many centuries after their era ended. The

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is the largest among the Indian states. Forests occupy an area of 22,643 km (8,743 sq mi) constituting 17.4% of the geographic area of which protected areas cover an area of 3,305 km (1,276 sq mi), around 15% of the recorded forest area of the state and consists of three

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Tamil Nadu accounts for nearly 4% of the land area and 6% of the population of India, but has only 3% of the water resources of the country. The per capita water availability is 800 m (28,000 cu ft) which is lower than the national average of 2,300 m (81,000 cu ft). The

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with an annual production of 20.8 billion units, contributing to more than 16% of the national output. The state has a fishermen population of 1.05 million and the coast consists of 3 major fishing harbors, 3 medium fishing harbors and 363 fish landing centres. As of 2022, the fishing output was 0.8

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headquartered at Chennai. As of 2023, the average daily consumption is 15,000 MW. Only 40% of the power is generated locally, with the remaining 60% met through purchases. As of 2022, the state was the fourth largest power consumer with a per capita availability of 1588.7 Kwh. As of 2023, the state

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occur throughout the year in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea, bringing devastating winds and heavy rainfall. The annual rainfall of the state is about 945 mm (37.2 in) of which 48 per cent is through the northeast monsoon, and 52 per cent through the southwest monsoon. The state has

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through 222 special all-women police stations. As of 2023, the state has 1854 police stations, the highest in the country, including 47 railway and 243 traffic police stations. The traffic police under different district administrations are responsible for the traffic management in the respective

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period, between 67 and 66 million years ago. Layer after layer was formed by the volcanic activity that lasted many years and when the volcanoes became extinct, they left a region of highlands with typically vast stretches of flat areas on top like a table. The predominant soils of Tamil Nadu are

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predominates in the land east of the Western Ghats which includes inland south and south central parts of the state and gets between 400 and 750 millimetres (15.7 and 29.5 in) of rainfall annually, with hot summers and dry winters with temperatures around 20–24 °C (68–75 °F). The

5334:, who had built the first cinema of South India in Coimbatore, introduced the concept of "Tent Cinema" in which a tent was erected on a stretch of open land close to a town or village to screen the films. The first of its kind was established in Madras, called "Edison's Grand Cinemamegaphone". 7007:

As of 2022, the state had over 37,211 government schools, 8,403 government-aided schools and 12,631 private schools which educate 5.47 million, 2.84 million, and 5.69 million students respectively. There are 3,12,683 teachers with 80,217 teachers in government-aided schools with an average

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mobile services. Wireline and broadband services are offered by five major operators and other smaller local operators. Tamil Nadu is amongst the states with a high internet usage and penetration. In 2018, the state government unveiled a plan to lay 55,000 km (34,000 mi) of

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Tamil Nadu is one of the most literate states in India, with a literacy rate estimated to be 82.9% as per the 2017 National Statistical Commission survey, higher than the national average of 77.7%. The state had seen one of the highest literacy growth since the 1960s due to the

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The health infrastructure in the state includes both government-run and private hospitals. As of 2023, the state had 404 public hospitals, 1,776 public dispensaries, 11,030 health centres and 481 mobile units run by the government with a capacity of more than 94,700 beds. The

5749:(TIDCO) apart from central government owned companies. Electronics hardware is a major manufacturing industry with an output of $ 5.37 billion in 2023, largest amongst Indian states. A large number of automotive companies have their manufacturing bases in the state with the 32238: 28676: 5388:

is a traditional event held during the period attracting huge crowds in which a bull is released into a crowd of people, and multiple human participants attempt to grab the large hump on the bull's back with both arms and hang on to it while the bull attempts to escape.

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Tamil Nadu has an extensive road network covering about 271,000 km as of 2023 with a road density of 2,084.71 kilometres (1,295.38 mi) per 1000 km which is higher than the national average of 1,926.02 kilometres (1,196.77 mi) per 1000 km. The

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in India. The population is projected to be 76.8 million in 2023 and to grow to 78 million by 2036. Tamil Nadu is one of the most urbanized states in the country with more than 48.4 per cent of the population living in urban areas. As per the 2011 census, the

3283:. The administration of the state government functions through various secretariat departments. There are 43 departments of the state and the departments have further sub-divisions which may govern various undertakings and boards. The state is divided into 38 21370: 13352: 7163:

is the largest library in Asia. There are many research institutions spread across the state. Chennai book fair is an annual book fair organized by the Booksellers and Publishers Association of South India (BAPASI) and is typically held in December–January.

7120:(NIRF) rankings in 2023, 26 universities, 15 engineering, 35 arts science, 8 management and 8 medical colleges from the state are ranked amongst the top 100 in the country. As of 2023, the state has a 69% reservation in educational institutions for socially 5630: 32359: 32319: 31876: 28797: 28757: 28314: 6486:

There are 48 National Highways in Tamil Nadu, totaling 6,805 kilometres (4,228 mi) in length. The National Highways Wing of the state highways department, established in 1971, is responsible for the maintenance of National Highways, as laid down by

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forests. The Pichavaram mangrove forests is one of the largest mangrove forests in India covering 45 km (17 sq mi) and supports the existence of rare varieties of economically important shells, fishes and migrant birds. The state has five

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patterns is the most common form of male attire in the countryside. People in urban areas generally wear tailored clothing, and western dress is popular. Western-style school uniforms are worn by both boys and girls in schools, even in rural areas. The

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Tamil Nadu falls mostly in a region of low seismic hazard with the exception of the western border areas that lie in a low to moderate hazard zone; as per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) map, Tamil Nadu falls in Zones II and III. The volcanic

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is the largest nuclear power station in India. It generates nearly one-third of the total nuclear power generated in the country. Tamil Nadu has the largest established wind power capacity in India with over 8,000 MW, mostly based out of two regions,

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mountains which run in a crescent approximately along the borders of Tamil Nadu with northern Kerala and Karnataka, extending to the relatively low-lying hills of the Eastern Ghats on the western portion of the Tamil Nadu–Andhra Pradesh border. The

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state is dependent on the monsoons for replenishing the water resources. There are 17 major river basins with 61 reservoirs and about 41,948 tanks with a total surface water potential of 24,864 million cubic metres (MCM), 90% of which is used for

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months between March and May are hot and dry, with mean monthly temperatures hovering around 32 °C (90 °F), with 320 millimetres (13 in) precipitation. Without artificial irrigation, this region is not suitable for agriculture.

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in terms of sanitation facilities with more than 99.96% of people having access to toilets. The state has robust health facilities and ranks higher in all health related parameters such as high life expectancy of 74 years (sixth) and 98.4%

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and in support of continuing English as a medium of communication arose which eventually led to English being retained as an official language of India alongside Hindi. After independence, the economy of Tamil Nadu conformed to a

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averaging between 750 and 1,500 mm (30 and 59 in) across the region. Once the dry northeast monsoon begins in September, most precipitation in India falls in Tamil Nadu, leaving other states comparatively dry. A

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Forests occupy an area of 22,643 km (8,743 sq mi) constituting 17.4% of the geographic area. There is a wide diversity of plants and animals in Tamil Nadu, resulting from its varied climates and geography.

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accounting for nearly one-third of the state's GDP. With its diverse culture and architecture, long coastline, forests and mountains, Tamil Nadu is home to a number of ancient relics, historic buildings, religious sites,

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cave-temples and more than 34,000 temples in Tamil Nadu built across various periods some of which are several centuries old. With many rivers and streams, there are a number of waterfalls in the state including the

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due to its cotton production and textile industries. As of 2022, Tiruppur exported garments worth US$ 480 billion, contributing to nearly 54% of the all the textile exports from India and the city is known as the

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provide alternative means of drinking water. As per the 2011 census, only 83.4% of the households have access to safe drinking water, less than the national average of 85.5%. Water sources are also threatened by

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headquarters, important towns and national highways in the state. As of 2020, 32,598 buses are operated with the state transport units operating 20,946 buses along with 7,596 private buses and 4,056 mini buses.

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due to its cotton knitwear export. As of 2015, the textile industry in Tamil Nadu accounts for 17% of the total invested capital in all the industries. As of 2021, 40% of leather goods exported from India worth

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and government policies have contributed to the growth of the sector which has attracted foreign investments and job seekers from other parts of the country. In the 2020s, Chennai has become a major provider of

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was launched in 1899. The state has a number of newspapers and magazines published in various languages including Tamil, English and Telugu. The major dailies with more than 100,000 circulation per day include

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inscription dated to the 7th century CE has one of the earliest surviving examples of Indian music in notation. There are many traditional instruments from the region dating back to the Sangam period such as

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succeeded as the leader of AIADMK after M. G. Ramachandran. Karunanidhi and Jayalalithaa dominated the state politics from the 1980s to early 2010s, serving as chief ministers combined for over 32 years.

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Protected areas cover an area of 3,305 km (1,276 sq mi), constituting 2.54% of the geographic area and 15% of the 22,643 km (8,743 sq mi) recorded forest area of the state.

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spanning 13 km (8.1 mi) is the second-longest urban beach in the world. As the state is straddled by the Western and Eastern ghats, it is home to many hill stations, popular amongst them are

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was the first permanent racing circuit in India and hosts formula racing events. Coimbatore is often referred to as "India's Motorsports Hub" and the "Backyard of Indian Motorsports" and hosts the

6576:. As of 2023, the state had a total railway track length of 5,601 km (3,480 mi) covering a route length of 3,858 km (2,397 mi). There are 532 railway stations in the state with 25984: 25212: 22972: 21644: 18459: 13384: 6399:, state highways, major district roads and other roads in the state. It operates through eleven wings with 120 divisions and maintains 73,187 kilometres (45,476 mi) of highways in the state. 5376:, the Sun God and the festival is named after the ceremonial "Pongal", which means "to boil, overflow" and refers to the traditional dish prepared from the new harvest of rice boiled in milk with 2403:

is the elevated region bound by the mountain ranges and the plateau slopes gently from west to east resulting in major rivers arising in the Western Ghats and flowing east into the Bay of Bengal.

1524:, a rudimentary script dated to 5th century BCE. Potsherds uncovered from Keeladi indicate a script which might be a transition between the Indus Valley script and Tamil Brahmi script used later. 32410: 31575: 28848: 28057: 27880: 16344: 16093: 14690: 5690:, the first European-style banking system in India, was established on 21 June 1683, followed by the first commercial banks such as Bank of Hindustan (1770) and General Bank of India (1786). The 1056: 25361: 23234: 17290: 14212: 12671: 9934: 32435: 32203: 31966: 31901: 28873: 28641: 28404: 28339: 24913: 19358: 18092: 16513: 14050: 2472:

and parts of the southern coast. Alluvial soil is found in the fertile Kaveri delta region, with laterite soil found in pockets, and saline soil across the coast where the evaporation is high.

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established the Madras Presidency legislative council with four to eight members but was a mere advisory body to the governor of the presidency. The strength was increased to twenty in

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from June to September accounts for most of the rainfall in the region. The Arabian Sea branch of the southwest monsoon hits the Western Ghats from Kerala and moves northward along the

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Stein, A.B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro-Garcia, S.; Kamler, J.F.; Laguardia, A.; Khorozyan, I.; Ghoddousi, A. (2020).

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among others. In 2006, the government of Tamil Nadu distributed free televisions to all families, which has led to high penetration of television services. From the early 2010s,

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The state is home to many museums, galleries, and other institutions which engage in arts research and are major tourist attractions. Established in the early 18th century, the

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is the staple food grain with the state being one of the largest producers in India with an output of 7.9 million tonnes in 2021–22. The Kaveri delta region is known as the

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are amongst the oldest in the country. The museum inside the premises of Fort St. George maintains a collection of objects of the British era. The museum is managed by the

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and expected to be achieved by 2015, Tamil Nadu achieved the goals related to improvement of maternal health and of reducing infant mortality and child mortality by 2009.

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Tamil Nadu is a major centre for music, art and dance in India. Chennai is called the cultural capital of South India. In the Sangam era, art forms were classified into:

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of the Government of Tamil Nadu and is responsible for maintaining law and order in the state. As of 2023, it consists of more than 132,000 police personnel, headed by a

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and depends on monsoons for rainfall. Tamil Nadu is divided into seven agro-climatic zones: northeast, northwest, west, southern, high rainfall, high altitude hilly, and

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date from around the 3rd century BCE. The available literature from the Sangam period was categorised and compiled into two categories based roughly on chronology: the

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was established on 26 June 1862 and is the highest judicial authority of the state with control over all the civil and criminal courts in the state. It is headed by a

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Another major industry is textiles with the state being home to more than half of the operating fiber textile mills in India. Coimbatore is often referred to as the

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and sixteen other minor ports, which are managed by the department of highways and minor ports of the Government of Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu forms part of both the

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continue to dominate Tamil Nadu electoral politics with the national parties usually aligning as junior partners to the major Dravidian parties, AIADMK and DMK.

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movement after a Theosophical convention held in Madras in December 1884. Tamil Nadu was the base of various contributors to the Independence movement including

20209: 20175: 15612: 14375: 13988: 10046: 3523:, an independent body established in 1950. Politics in Tamil Nadu was dominated by national parties till the 1960s. Regional parties have ruled ever since. The 3433:

with the abolition of the Legislative Council by the Tamil Nadu Legislative Council (Abolition) act, 1986. The Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly is housed in the

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Agriculture contributes 13% to the GSDP and is a major employment generator in rural areas. As of 2022, the state had 6.34 million hectares under cultivation.

3832:(NSC) survey. As of 2011, there were about 23.17 million households with 7.42 million children under the age of six. A total of 14.4 million (20%) belonged to 3618:

C. Rajagopalachari, the first Indian Governor General of India post independence, was from Tamil Nadu. The state has produced three Indian presidents, namely,

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As early as the Tolkappiyam (which has sections ranging from the 3rd century BCE to the 5th century CE) the eco-types in South India have been classified into

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and spices are used extensively in Tamil cuisine. The region has a rich cuisine involving both traditional non-vegetarian and vegetarian dishes made of rice,

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introduced on a large scale by K. Kamaraj to increase school enrollment. The scheme was further upgraded in 1982 to "Nutritious noon-meal scheme" to combat

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Chennai has a well-established suburban railway network operated by Southern railway, covering 212 km (132 mi) which was established in 1928. The

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The Case of Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board: Insights for Developing Practical Models of Social Protection Programmes for Transgender People in India

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Tamil Nadu covers an area of 130,058 km (50,216 sq mi) and is the tenth-largest state in India. Located on the south-eastern coast of the

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Theosophical Society provided the framework for action within which some of its Indian and British members worked to form the Indian National Congress.

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was founded in 1857 and is one of India's first modern universities. There are 510 engineering colleges including 34 government colleges in the state.

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Tamil Nadu is also home to the Tamil film industry nicknamed as "Kollywood" and is one of the largest industries of film production in India. The term

3339:, established in 1688, is the second oldest in the world and Tamil Nadu was the first state to establish town panchayats as a new administrative unit. 1293: 687: 24895: 23842: 23224: 20469: 19348: 18082: 17190: 16505: 14345: 14170: 14040: 12388: 10368: 9248: 6287:, Doordarshan's Tamil language regional channel was launched on 14 April 1993. There are more than 30 private satellite television networks including 1565:

lasted for about eight centuries, from 500 BCE to 300 CE with the main source of history during the period coming from the Sangam literature. Ancient

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and other similar percussion instruments from the ancient Tamilakam which are played during events. The traditional music of Tamil Nadu is known as

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in 1799 and the British victory in the second Polygar war in 1801, the British consolidated most of southern India into what was later known as the

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tradition dating back over 2500 years from the Sangam era. Early Tamil literature was composed in three successive poetic assemblies known as the

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became the chief minister of the Madras Presidency. In 1944, Periyar transformed the Justice party into a social organisation, renaming the party

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only 3% of the water resources nationally and is entirely dependent on rains for recharging its water resources. Monsoon failures lead to acute

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bus operator in the state. It operates buses along intra and inter state bus routes, as well as city routes with eight divisions including the

5017:

used for many purposes. These features are the invariable accompaniments of these temples. Besides these, a South Indian temple usually has a

1804:. Rajaraja brought in administrative reforms including the reorganisation of Tamil country into individual administrative units. Under his son 24049: 21877: 16415: 14762: 12048: 11056: 5384:

when the cattle are bathed, their horns polished and painted in bright colors, garlands of flowers placed around their necks and processions.

1697:

Around the 7th century CE, the Kalabhras were overthrown by the Pandyas and Cholas, who patronised Buddhism and Jainism before the revival of

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There are over 870 medical, nursing and dental colleges in the state including 21 for traditional medicine and four for modern medicine. The

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region in Tamil Nadu and these saris are worn as bridal and special occasion saris by most women in South India. It has been recognized as a

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rail system in Chennai which was opened in 2015 and consists of two operational lines operating across 54.1 km (33.6 mi) in 2023.

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or inner sanctum of the temple but are usually smaller than the gopurams in the Dravidian architecture with a few exceptions including the

25518: 24642: 24418: 23961: 20726: 17158: 14739: 13946: 12865: 12541: 9742: 3429:. The number of seats post the re-organization in 1956 was 206, which was further increased to 234 in 1962. In 1986, the state moved to a 31605: 31585: 31495: 29072: 28087: 28067: 27977: 27051: 24551: 21965: 18421: 16673: 14906: 14469: 12707: 12302: 11616: 11362: 9500: 6153: 4593: 2880: 2586: 25632: 24590: 23983: 21847: 21699: 21556: 21332: 20615: 17865: 16441: 14940: 14234: 11773: 10806: 8402: 469: 32702: 32248: 32233: 32067: 32037: 31981: 31676: 31640: 31505: 28686: 28671: 28505: 28475: 28419: 28122: 27987: 26700: 26441: 24620: 24149: 21735: 19135: 11133: 10727: 9560: 7707: 7201: 6344: 6014: 3895: 3883: 3485: 2590: 24680: 22406: 22038: 19187: 17321: 17065: 16054: 14429: 13573: 8825: 8103: 6363:, which operates more than 11,800 post offices in the state. The first post office was established at Fort St. George on 1 June 1786. 5459:

is a ceremonial act of sacrifice and offering practiced by devotees which is a central part of Thaipusam and emphasizes debt bondage.

3816:

was 996 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 943. The sex ratio at birth was recorded as 954 during the fourth

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Everywhere within Beloved-of-the-Gods, King Piyadasi's domain, and among the people beyond the borders, the Cholas, the Pandyas, the

7582: 5999: 5707: 5173:

is a classical dance form that originated in Tamil Nadu and is one of the oldest dances of India. Other regional folk dances include

4748: 3889: 3426: 3316: 23903: 23076: 21527: 21491: 21455: 18518: 15291: 14595: 13791: 11489: 10622: 8063: 5885:

in India. The state accounts for 6.5% of fruit and 4.2% of vegetables production in the country. The state is a leading producer of

2468:. Red soil, with a higher iron content, occupies a larger portion of the state and all the inland districts. Black soil is found in 2136:

which killed millions and the migration of many Tamils as bonded laborers to other British countries eventually forming the present

32586: 31841: 29024: 28279: 26947: 26288: 21104: 21022: 19846: 16483: 14104: 13603: 11927: 7117: 3595: 3498: 2598: 32112: 28550: 25570: 24212: 23098: 21998: 19872: 15463: 14072: 10079: 9899: 7863: 6396: 3405:

with a term of three years and consisted of 132 Members of which 34 were nominated by the Governor and the rest were elected. The

31931: 31590: 28369: 28072: 27546: 26710: 22184: 22074: 19258: 12638: 10648: 7916:"Science News : Archaeology – Anthropology : Sharp stones found in India signal surprisingly early toolmaking advances" 7893: 7009: 3844: 641: 628: 27289: 23674: 23320: 23256: 22901: 21932: 20774: 20367: 18850: 11541: 10998: 9687: 6075:

in Chennai was established on 16 November 1664 and was the first major hospital in India. The state government administers free

5318:

and Hollywood. The first silent film in South India was produced in Tamil in 1916 and the first talkie was a multilingual film,

32561: 31951: 31445: 28999: 28389: 27927: 27914: 27561: 27005: 23652: 22661: 20505: 17226: 16972:

Widdess, D. R. (1979). "The Kudumiyamalai inscription: a source of early Indian music in notation". In Picken, Laurence (ed.).

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institutions with 92 government colleges and 935 arts and science colleges in the state including 302 government run colleges.

6891: 6501: 4548:, following the directions of the Madras High Court. In 2019, the Madras High Court ruled that the term "bride" under the 2949: 224: 22111: 14010: 13824: 13159: 13037: 11231: 11085: 8603: 8297: 5621:(SEZ) in the state. As per a report by Government of India, Tamil Nadu is the most export competitive state of India in 2023. 4544:

has been held in Chennai annually since 2009. In 2021, Tamil Nadu became the first Indian state to ban conversion therapy and

2101:, which was the first instance of a large-scale mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company, took place in 1745:. Throughout their reign, the Pallavas remained in constant conflict with the Cholas and Pandyas. The Pandyas were revived by 32692: 32148: 31786: 31721: 31669: 31570: 31520: 28586: 28224: 28164: 28052: 28002: 27900: 27620: 27141: 26768: 26396: 26273: 26167: 25946: 25345: 25316: 25245: 25086: 25005: 24584: 24475: 23330: 23303: 22838: 22635: 21912: 21401: 21267: 20658: 19907: 19069: 19036: 18125: 18034: 18007: 17980: 17955: 17914: 17875: 17848: 17821: 17726: 17699: 17660: 17578: 17413: 17374: 17046: 17021: 16996: 16956: 16919: 16880: 16818: 16793: 16768: 16729: 16704: 16667: 16640: 16603: 16576: 16375: 16292: 16267: 16242: 16202: 16124: 16037: 16012: 15987: 15962: 15934: 15909: 15872: 15648: 15524: 15443: 15418: 15393: 15368: 15141: 15116: 15091: 15066: 14663: 14634: 14532: 13481: 13071: 12921: 12495: 11859: 11610: 11396: 11107: 11029: 10869: 10782: 10561: 10489: 10462: 10089: 9806: 9718: 9651: 9494: 9411: 9374: 9335: 9279: 9168: 9116: 9089: 9064: 9039: 8977: 8945: 8912: 8885: 8858: 8801: 8716: 8689: 8664: 8530: 8493: 8396: 8335: 8258: 8207: 7749: 7486: 7446: 7137: 7133: 7059: 6817:

started an airmail service between Karachi and Madras, marking the beginning of civil aviation in India. On 15 October 1932,

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for eligible age groups. Tamil Nadu is a major centre for medical tourism and Chennai is termed as "India's health capital".

5120:

architecture. Several buildings and institutions built during the British era followed the style. By the early 20th century,

5045:

and function as gateways through the walls that surround the temple complex. The gopuram's origins can be traced back to the

3320: 3266: 2991: 1585:. The Cheras controlled the western part of Tamilkam, the Pandyas controlled the south, and the Cholas had their base in the 1069: 421: 387: 321: 46: 26128: 25952: 25540: 20749:"BRICS Cable Unveiled for Direct and Cohesive Communications Services Between Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa" 19953: 17732: 17666: 17584: 15198: 14997: 14300: 11519: 10431: 10017: 9380: 9122: 8722: 6083:

forms an important part of the economy with more than 40% of total medical tourists visiting India making it to Tamil Nadu.

5617:. As of 2022, services contributed to 55% of the GSDP followed by manufacturing at 32% and agriculture at 13%. There are 42 1516:

have revealed a large urban settlement, with the earliest artefact dated to 580 BCE, during the time of urbanization in the

32460: 32420: 32062: 31961: 31635: 28898: 28858: 28500: 28399: 28117: 26150: 25425: 24943: 22351: 19816: 17105: 15831: 14704: 10577: 7021: 7013: 6867: 6492: 6488: 6072: 6043: 3493: 976: 302: 25855: 22206: 20334: 18698: 17473: 16312: 12899: 11297: 10243: 5893:

with more than 78% of the area under fruit cultivation. As of 2019, the state was the second largest producer in India of

32541: 32102: 32052: 31986: 31946: 28979: 28540: 28490: 28424: 28384: 27638: 27452: 26957: 22150: 20019: 15109:

The Tale of an Anklet: An Epic of South India – The Cilappatikaram of Ilanko Atikal, Translations from the Asian Classics

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With its diverse culture and architecture and varied geographies, Tamil Nadu has a robust tourism industry. In 1971, the

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is the distinct style of rock architecture in Tamil Nadu. In Dravidian architecture, the temples consisted of porches or

4430:

serves as the additional official language. Tamil is one of the oldest languages and was the first to be recognized as a

3587: 2961: 2917: 2784: 2542: 334: 25055: 23143: 21089: 12428: 10405: 6272:. Several periodicals and local newspapers prevalent in select localities also bring out editions from multiple cities. 2999: 2925: 32551: 32183: 31595: 31480: 28989: 28621: 28077: 27962: 27156: 27000: 23016: 15548: 13211: 9008: 7442: 7129: 6926: 22741: 21608: 17904: 13849: 9184: 32536: 32405: 32027: 31580: 31470: 31425: 28974: 28843: 28465: 28062: 27952: 27554: 26687: 21768: 21428: 20200: 20166: 14367: 13978: 12078: 7125: 6954: 6332: 3312: 2969: 2551: 1922: 274: 17: 26070: 18399: 17545: 15571: 10323:

Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; Da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer (2000).

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economic policies. In the 2000s, the state has become one of the most urbanized states in the country with a higher

1986:

and obtained a grant for land on the Coromandel coast for their trading activities. A year later, the company built

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is a customs airport with limited international flights. Domestic flights are operational to certain airports like

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accounting for more than 35% of India's overall automotive components and automobile output, earning the nickname "

3850:

in India with 1.6 children born for each woman, lower than required for sustaining the population. As of 2021, the

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into the current shape. On 14 January 1969, Madras state was renamed Tamil Nadu, meaning "Tamil country". In 1965,

2204:

was split from the state in 1953 and the state was further re-organized when states were redrawn linguistically in

2007: 1839:

mentioned the Pandyas as the richest empire in existence. The Pandyas also built a number of temples including the

25726: 23622: 18876: 15572:"Chera, Chola, Pandya: Using Archaeological Evidence to Identify the Tamil Kingdoms of Early Historic South India" 11046:

Annual frequency of cyclonic disturbances over the Bay of Bengal (BOB), Arabian Sea (AS) and land surface of India

10920: 7024:(NIOS). School education starts with two years of kindergarten from age three onwards and then follows the Indian 1894:

system and re-constructed some of the well-known temples in Tamil Nadu including the Meenakshi Temple in Madurai.

32566: 32188: 31891: 29103: 29004: 28626: 28329: 27843: 27656: 27593: 27177: 27146: 27044: 26484: 26283: 26268: 24873: 24817: 24360: 24238: 22713: 22538: 21307: 20422: 18149: 15677: 11052: 10158: 8755: 8032: 7657: 6791: 6541: 5811: 5738: 5521:

cultural festival held in Chennai with the intention of rejuvenating the old village festivals, art and artists.

4965:, many Tamil poets and writers sought to provoke national spirit, social equity and secularist thoughts, notably 4693:

and spices. The traditional way of eating a meal involves being seated on the floor, having the food served on a

3941: 3829: 3355: 2791:

covers an area of 10,500 km (4,100 sq mi) of ocean, islands and the adjoining coastline including

2205: 1261: 430: 426: 374: 351: 18452:"Data: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra & Telangana Account for More Than 80% of India's Software Exports" 18024: 17691:

Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations

4434:. As per the 2011 census, Tamil is spoken as the first language by 88.4% of the state's population, followed by 3828:

was 80.1%, higher than the national average of 73%. The literacy rate was estimated to be 82.9% as per the 2017

32526: 32415: 31741: 31535: 29257: 29182: 28964: 28853: 28184: 28017: 24966: 24306: 21194: 19718: 19666: 17222: 14266: 13330: 13092: 10118: 8969: 8573: 7063: 6581: 6169: 6140: 6092: 5750: 5292: 5075: 5029:. The gopuram is a monumental tower, usually ornate at the entrance of the temple forms a prominent feature of 4545: 3871: 3414: 3398: 3003: 2772: 1817: 1494: 143: 31416: 25025: 23935: 23194: 23038: 20392: 17364: 12828: 12759: 12269: 12234: 7825: 2654: 2597:

are common in the interior. The southern Western Ghats have rain forests located at high altitudes called the

31771: 28209: 27829: 27496: 27207: 26391: 26030:

city, oft referred to as India's motor sport hub, may well have a Grade 3 racing circuit in the years to come

25139: 21418: 18604: 17403: 16909: 12737: 10671: 7490: 7329: 7320:

in the 7th century CE. Chennai is often dubbed "India's chess capital" as the city is home to multiple chess

6859: 6795: 6724: 6621: 6609: 6601: 5288: 3817: 3292: 2422:

located in the Gulf of Mannar and Lakshadweep islands. Tamil Nadu's coastline was permanently altered by the

29094: 25913: 24749: 23699: 23494: 22563: 22468: 19562: 13730: 11805: 11172: 10885: 10324: 9988: 5714:, the country's central bank, along with its zonal training centre and staff college at Chennai. There is a 2062:

captured parts of the region and engaged in constant fighting with the British which culminated in the four

32143: 31866: 31555: 29267: 29217: 28581: 28304: 28037: 27212: 26972: 23831: 20458: 14333: 13033: 12450: 12398: 9240: 7232: 6625: 6296: 6148: 6060: 5062: 5046: 4962: 3946: 3936: 3931: 3520: 3438: 3406: 3402: 3376: 3242: 3007: 2884: 2832: 2344: 2336: 2141: 2133: 2114: 1918: 1730: 1172: 1164: 1093: 983: 934: 912: 24736:

Cave-temples in the Regions of the Pāṇdya, Muttaraiya, Atiyamān̤ and Āy Dynasties in Tamil Nadu and Kerala

24109: 23867: 22940: 22763: 11263: 11082:"The only difference between a hurricane, a cyclone, and a typhoon is the location where the storm occurs" 5124:

made its entry in the urban landscape. After Indian Independence, Tamil architecture witnessed a rise in

2117:, which transferred the governance of India from the East India Company to the British crown, forming the 31881: 31871: 31230: 30639: 29995: 29861: 29760: 28319: 28309: 27694: 27533: 27501: 27192: 26937: 26205: 24013: 22908: 22872: 21163: 20301: 20086: 19097: 18361: 12957: 11919: 10297: 9995: 7550: 7530: 7482: 7398:

established in 1916 is among the oldest cricket stadiums in India and has hosted matches during multiple

6910: 6165: 5392: 4431: 3552: 3390: 3336: 3071: 3011: 2945: 2909: 2828: 2748: 2567: 2129: 1882:, who were the military governors in the Vijaynagara Empire, took control of the region amongst whom the 1622:

The kingdoms had significant diplomatic and trade contacts with other kingdoms to the north and with the

1431: 1391:

and precise etymology of the word Tamil is unclear with multiple theories attested to it. In the ancient

184: 24179: 23168: 15329: 7383: 6013:

Water supply and sewage treatment are managed by the respective local administrative bodies such as the

5529:

in 1927, is celebrated every year during the month of December and features performances of traditional

4283:

The state is home to a diverse population of ethno-religious communities. According to the 2011 census,

3898:

urban agglomeration in the state with more than 8.6 million residents, followed by Coimbatore, Madurai,

32630: 32571: 32531: 31716: 31142: 30093: 29009: 28969: 28159: 27904: 27314: 27237: 27037: 26426: 25308: 20775:"Coimbatore, Madurai, Hosur & Trichy gets ultrafast Airtel 5G Plus services in addition to Chennai" 17947: 14655: 13247: 11330: 7423: 7419: 7337: 7257: 7156: 7105: 7087: 6906: 6395:(HD) of the state was established in April 1946 and is responsible for construction and maintenance of 6385: 6292: 6160:

is the largest contributor with more than 10,000 MW. Tamil Nadu is the only state with two operational

5995: 5715: 5284: 5276: 5058: 4978: 4288: 3798: 3489: 2594: 2386:

run parallel to the Bay of Bengal along the eastern coast and the strip of land between them forms the

1979: 1955: 1828: 1273: 946: 890: 874: 346: 195: 31691: 25878:"From sleepy Madras to sporting Chennai: How SAF Games helped put city on international athletics map" 22865: 22377: 21784: 20260: 13089:

Political and Social Conflict in South India; The non-Brahmin movement and Tamil Separatism, 1916–1929

12993: 10238: 7793: 5865:

is the major crop with an annual output of 16.1 million tonnes in 2021–22. The state is a producer of

5065:

rule in twelfth century, these gateways became a dominant feature of a temple's outer appearance. The

1264:

into the current shape. The state was renamed as Tamil Nadu, meaning "Tamil Country", in 1969. Hence,

31089: 30914: 30769: 29790: 29187: 27197: 25503:. Oregon: College of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, Univ. of Oregon. pp. 44, 50, 83. 25501:

The Origin and the Historical Development of Silambam Fencing: An Ancient Self-Defence Sport of India

20899: 13932: 7387: 7265: 7071: 6728: 6605: 5946: 5921:

million tonnes with a contribution of 5% to the total fish production in India. Aquaculture includes

5815: 5679: 5548: 5447:

is a Tamil festival celebrated on the first full moon day of the Tamil month of Thai coinciding with

5197:. The dance, clothing, and sculptures of Tamil Nadu exemplify the beauty of the body and motherhood. 5141: 5034: 4942: 4523: 3580: 2764: 2234: 2230: 1926: 1604: 1489:

points to the region being inhabited by hominids more than 400 millennia ago. Artifacts recovered in

396: 339: 155: 22287: 20803: 14136: 12022: 9522: 9274:. Oxford University Press, Delhi. p. xix, 349 p., p. of plates : ill., maps; 22 cm. 7215:

Tamil Nadu's coastline is 1,076 kilometres (669 mi) long, with many beaches dotting the coast.

6723:(MRTS) is an elevated urban mass transit system established in 1995 operating on a single line from 32606: 32511: 32153: 30594: 29158: 29044: 28949: 28591: 27611: 27585: 27124: 26632: 26346: 26260: 26143: 24783: 24753: 24676: 24616: 24547: 23838: 23706: 23501: 22475: 22413: 22253: 22180: 22146: 22107: 22070: 22034: 20903: 20501: 20465: 20297: 20115: 20082: 20023: 19960: 19812: 19722: 19662: 19569: 18365: 18332: 18328: 16392: 13726: 13698: 13412: 13254: 13155: 12964: 12835: 12766: 12634: 12572: 12424: 12265: 12230: 12074: 12044: 11976: 11809: 11677:. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Press Information Bureau, Govt. of India. 13 November 2008. 11326: 11176: 11045: 10188: 7830: 7798: 7395: 7345: 7261: 7197: 7182: 7152: 7101: 7091: 7083: 6740: 6633: 6569: 6561: 6002:. Apart from the rivers, the majority of the water comes from rainwater stored in more than 41,000 5304: 5269:, a combination of various folk musics, is sung mainly in the working-class area of North Chennai. 5194: 4549: 4537: 4059: 3619: 3548: 3394: 3386: 3272: 2836: 2824: 2820: 2509: 2153: 2145: 2106: 1513: 366: 27576: 25235: 18721: 13691: 12795: 12511: 9765: 9582:

Yang, Anand A (2007). "Bandits and Kings:Moral Authority and Resistance in Early Colonial India".

7012:, while private schools may be affiliated with either of Tamil Nadu Board of Secondary Education, 5201:

is an ancient folk art, where artists tell stories from the epics accompanied by dance and music.

32047: 31550: 31335: 31270: 31160: 31124: 31114: 31024: 31019: 30939: 30799: 30490: 29975: 29795: 29650: 29620: 29551: 29505: 28485: 28032: 27875: 27789: 27734: 27460: 27169: 26657: 26592: 26562: 26416: 26401: 26376: 24779: 22442: 22242: 21759: 19059: 16155: 11413:"Conservation and Sustainable-use of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve's Coastal Biodiversity" 10265: 8388:

The Geopolitical Orbits of Ancient India: The Geographical Frames of the Ancient Indian Dynasties

7514: 7498: 7079: 6986: 6902: 6617: 6027: 5831: 5800: 5510: 5324:, which was released on 31 October 1931, barely seven months after India's first talking picture 5153:

is a classical dance form that originated in Tamil Nadu and is one of the oldest dances of India.

4629: 3851: 3510: 3434: 3284: 3087: 3083: 3043: 3027: 2965: 2957: 2905: 2872: 2859: 2723: 2407: 2255: 2090: 1486: 1314: 1260:

of the Republic of India and was further re-organized when states were redrawn linguistically in

1253: 1186: 758: 24079: 23433: 21058: 20989: 20959: 19989: 19923: 19778: 19748: 19688: 19628: 19598: 18754: 18266: 18236: 18206: 15360: 14968:"1st in India & Asia, and 2nd globally, Tamil Nadu bans sex-selective surgeries for infants" 13625: 11202: 7674: 1950:

Europeans started to establish trade centres from the 16th century along the eastern coast. The

210: 32516: 32042: 31320: 31225: 30714: 30684: 30669: 30609: 30584: 30276: 30271: 30221: 29965: 29884: 28954: 28480: 27689: 27227: 27151: 27128: 26411: 26386: 24414: 24382: 23957: 22352:

Number of registered motor vehicles across Tamil Nadu in India from financial year 2007 to 2020

21134:"Construction of unit 5 & 6 of India's largest nuclear power plant in Kudankulam commences" 20872: 20716: 18962: 13187:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 12703: 12537: 12487: 11572: 9734: 7534: 7474: 7160: 7113: 6970: 6950: 6822: 6593: 6592:

being the top revenue earning stations. Indian railways also has a coach manufacturing unit at

6573: 6476: 5796: 5758: 5695: 5687: 5648: 5637: 5300: 5070: 5000: 4994: 4809: 4284: 4278: 3531:

were the two major parties in the erstwhile Madras Presidency. During the 1920s and 1930s, the

3514: 3366: 3230: 2941: 2913: 2850: 2563: 2296: 2078: 1840: 1821: 1813: 1120: 25514: 24543: 23293: 21954: 19316: 17997: 17349: 16657: 14461: 13188: 12699: 12294: 11600: 11355: 9484: 9325: 9296: 8875: 8848: 6136: 5905:

is a popular crop in hill-stations with the state being a major producer of a unique flavored

2488: 32601: 32506: 30964: 30954: 30749: 30477: 30431: 30406: 30367: 30299: 29835: 29708: 29192: 29145: 29039: 28944: 27784: 27478: 27446: 27299: 27071: 27063: 26677: 26567: 26532: 26497: 26421: 26341: 26158: 24574: 23437: 23263: 22508: 21552: 21062: 20993: 20963: 20648: 19993: 19927: 19782: 19752: 19692: 19632: 19602: 19158:"Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Erode has potential to become a textile heaven says Narendra Modi" 18270: 18240: 18210: 16593: 13629: 11923: 10798: 9796: 9641: 8386: 7678: 7555: 7411: 7399: 7173: 6997: 6966: 6879: 6838: 6553: 6525: 5711: 5683: 5668: 5663: 5640: 5618: 5542: 4821: 4614: 4575: 4541: 4451: 3532: 3524: 3422: 3362: 2518: 2209: 2181: 1907: 1788:

as Chola's new capital with further expansions by subsequent rulers. In the 11th century CE,

1626:. Much of the commerce from the Romans and Han China were facilitated via seaports including 1476: 1437: 1343: 1280: 1198: 24612: 24141: 23359: 21731: 21363:"The Mail, Madras' only English eveninger and one of India's oldest newspapers, closes down" 19127: 17754:

G. Eichinger Ferro-Luzzi (1978). "Food for the Gods in South India: An Exposition of Data".

15638: 11440:

The birds of southern India, including Madras, Malabar, Travancore, Cochin, Coorg and Mysore

10774: 10768: 9552: 7619:

Primary census abstract (PCA) data, India & States/UTs - State and district level - 2011

32677: 32611: 32581: 32501: 31250: 31170: 30804: 30664: 30649: 30624: 30441: 30319: 30088: 30030: 29960: 29785: 29645: 29454: 29370: 29049: 29019: 28939: 27739: 27714: 26637: 26627: 26587: 26552: 26542: 26537: 26381: 26235: 24672: 24201: 22505:"DNA Exclusive: Is It Time for Indian Railways to Tear Up Ageing Tracks and Old Machinery?" 22023: 19513:"Modi to launch seven new PSUs this week, Defence Ministry approves Rs 65,000-crore orders" 16834:

Beck, Brenda (1976). "The Symbolic Merger of Body, Space, and Cosmos in Hindu Tamil Nadu".

13569: 10697: 10336: 9871: 8817: 8093: 7538: 7450: 7427: 7277: 7055: 7035: 7004:

showed a low drop-off rate but poor quality of education compared to certain other states.

6934: 6806: 6312: 6308: 6280: 6268: 5526: 5513:

is a music festival which has been conducted from 18 to 25 December every year in Chennai.

5262: 5066: 4930: 4728: 4167: 4149: 4003: 3847: 3804: 3280: 3173: 3059: 2921: 2840: 2683: 2678: 2609:. There are about 2,000 species of wildlife that are native to Tamil Nadu, 5640 species of 2602: 2538: 2423: 2395: 2165: 2149: 1792:

expanded the Chola empire with conquests of entire Southern India and parts of present-day

1725:

as their capital. The Pallavas were noted for their patronage of architecture: the massive

1360: 1318: 951: 862: 728: 476: 160: 127: 23068: 22799: 22319: 14494: 12568: 11412: 10618: 9627:

A Political and General History of the District of Tinnevelly, in the Presidency of Madras

3051: 8: 32672: 32491: 32239:

Tamil Nadu Vanniyakula Kshatriya Public Charitable Trust and Endowments Board (TNVKPCTEB)

31846: 31137: 30959: 30889: 30574: 30211: 30206: 29955: 29935: 29546: 29332: 29207: 28929: 28677:

Tamil Nadu Vanniyakula Kshatriya Public Charitable Trust and Endowments Board (TNVKPCTEB)

28284: 27526: 27241: 27104: 26672: 26652: 26642: 26582: 26517: 26507: 26366: 26323: 26296: 26217: 26136: 24514: 24208: 24083: 24020: 23139: 22979: 22803: 22770: 22213: 21523: 21516: 21487: 21480: 21451: 21444: 21167: 21029: 20429: 20363: 20330: 20264: 20140: 19842: 19454: 19131: 18514: 18395: 15544: 15262: 14498: 14465: 14014: 13899: 13856: 13762: 13665: 13599: 13540: 13504: 13000: 12928: 12667: 12457: 12331: 12298: 11908: 11485: 11209: 11140: 11110:(Report). Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute. October 1995. 10802: 10734: 10192: 10024: 9556: 7946: 7711: 7622: 7589: 7518: 7431: 7415: 7403: 7333: 7321: 7245: 7190: 6887: 6810: 6671: 6666: 6658: 6653: 6597: 6178: 6161: 5991: 5823: 5702:, the largest bank in India. More than 400 financial industry businesses including three 5699: 5602: 5552: 5522: 5205: 5086: 4946: 4901:. In the following years, Tamil literature again flourished with notable works including 4552:

includes trans-women, thereby legalizing marriage between a man and a transgender woman.

4475: 4023: 3966: 3568: 3450: 3418: 3153: 3107: 3063: 3055: 2606: 2213: 2169: 2051: 2019: 2015: 1951: 1887: 1856: 1615:

and sponsored some of the earliest Tamil literature with the oldest surviving work being

1570: 1517: 1388: 1339: 1233: 1213: 895: 442: 26737: 19896:

The Tea Book: Experience the World s Finest Teas, Qualities, Infusions, Rituals, Recipes

19838: 16475: 15459: 13595: 10479: 10340: 6046:

in Chennai was established on 16 November 1664 and was the first major hospital in India

5272: 32546: 32270:

Salem Starch and Sago Manufacturers Service Industrial Co-operative Society (SAGOSERVE)

31340: 31195: 31029: 30909: 30819: 30744: 30539: 30266: 30165: 30065: 30040: 30035: 29848: 29800: 29780: 29723: 29660: 29655: 29640: 29612: 29607: 29584: 29541: 29380: 29312: 29242: 29197: 29125: 28984: 28708:

Salem Starch and Sago Manufacturers Service Industrial Co-operative Society (SAGOSERVE)

27868: 27794: 27699: 27646: 27513: 27386: 26662: 26617: 26607: 26512: 25824: 25663:"RCB vs CSK: Chennai Super Kings beat Royal Challengers Bangalore to reach IPL 4 final" 25366: 25207: 24707: 24448: 23740: 23229: 21990: 20721: 19868: 19517: 19353: 19321: 19061:

Competitive Conditions for Foreign Direct Investment in India, Staff Research Study #30

18967: 18823: 18790: 18487: 18087: 17759: 17631: 17337: 17285: 17163: 16851: 15805: 15797: 15762: 15754: 15716: 15604: 15353: 14998:"Tamil Nadu Becomes First State to Ban So‑Called Corrective Surgery on Intersex Babies" 14911: 14791: 14434: 14305: 14239: 14207: 14175: 14109: 14077: 14045: 13445: 13029: 12105: 11778: 10360: 10123: 9891: 9607: 8961: 8536: 7978: 7853: 7560: 7526: 7454: 7301: 7159:

in India that receive a copy of all newspapers and books published in the country. The

7116:

was established in 1835 and is one of the oldest medical colleges in India. As per the

7047: 7025: 6993: 6473: 6300: 6256: 6219: 6207: 5745:

Manufacturing in various sectors is governed by the state owned industrial corporation

5614: 5506: 5494: 5479:

deities are organized during the month in temples across Tamil Nadu with much fanfare.

5440: 5420: 4966: 4740: 4292: 3599: 3288: 3091: 3079: 2995: 2876: 2863: 2368: 2260: 2161: 2110: 2031: 1871: 1664: 1348: 23736:"Tamil Nadu: Over 200 engineering colleges fill just 10% seats; 37 get zero admission" 22172: 22063: 19247: 16308: 15856:

Tamil Ilakkaṇam ('Grammar') and the Interplay between Syllabi, Corpora and Manuscripts

12630: 11999: 10994: 10644: 9032:

Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700–1900

8510: 7885: 7097: 7031: 5432: 2367:, which lies off the southeastern coast. The southernmost tip of mainland India is at 2085:

By the 18th century, the British had conquered most of the region and established the

1897: 32107: 31290: 31235: 31147: 31109: 31074: 30864: 30854: 30659: 30634: 30518: 30385: 30236: 29930: 29871: 29484: 29429: 29398: 29345: 29252: 29174: 29153: 28545: 27892: 27754: 27114: 26789: 26647: 26577: 26572: 26522: 26492: 26474: 26313: 26308: 25942: 25436: 25341: 25312: 25241: 25082: 25001: 24905: 24580: 23371: 23326: 23299: 22834: 21928: 21908: 21764: 21424: 21397: 21263: 20654: 20553: 20532:"History of Medicine: The origin and evolution of the first modern hospital in India" 20356: 20054: 19903: 19420: 19065: 18545: 18121: 18030: 18003: 17976: 17951: 17910: 17871: 17844: 17817: 17722: 17695: 17656: 17623: 17574: 17409: 17370: 17042: 17017: 16992: 16952: 16915: 16876: 16855: 16814: 16789: 16764: 16725: 16700: 16663: 16659:

World Musics in Context: A Comprehensive Survey of the World's Major Musical Cultures

16636: 16599: 16572: 16407: 16371: 16288: 16263: 16238: 16198: 16163: 16120: 16033: 16008: 15983: 15958: 15930: 15905: 15868: 15854: 15809: 15766: 15644: 15608: 15520: 15439: 15414: 15389: 15364: 15137: 15112: 15087: 15062: 14659: 14630: 14555: 13477: 13192: 13182: 13096: 13067: 12799: 12733: 12491: 11953: 11855: 11711: 11606: 11392: 11025: 10865: 10828: 10778: 10557: 10485: 10458: 10397: 10352: 10085: 9802: 9714: 9679: 9647: 9599: 9490: 9417: 9407: 9370: 9331: 9275: 9164: 9112: 9085: 9060: 9035: 9000: 8973: 8941: 8908: 8881: 8854: 8797: 8712: 8685: 8660: 8540: 8526: 8522: 8489: 8392: 8331: 8254: 8203: 8168: 7745: 7407: 7325: 7208:

and development of tourist related infrastructure in the state. It is managed by the

7051: 7043: 6962: 6930: 6875: 6848: 6772: 6613: 6505: 5942: 5598: 5547:

The economy of the state consistently exceeded national average growth rates, due to

5357: 5350: 5331: 4954: 4938: 4633: 4495: 4090: 4077: 3820:(NFHS) in 2015-16 which reduced further to 878 in the fifth NFHS in 2019–21, ranking 3603: 3556: 3536: 3481: 3473: 3465: 3332: 3047: 2756: 2534: 2526: 2094: 2086: 2059: 2058:, which fought the British in the Second Polygar War. In the later 18th century, the 1983: 1883: 1875: 1509: 1392: 1249: 1206: 880: 481: 408: 199: 135: 26104: 25107:"Back in Chennai, Viswanathan Anand looks forward to home food and bonding with son" 23648: 22657: 20494: 17218: 13317:"New Alignments in South Indian Politics: The 2001 Assembly Elections in Tamil Nadu" 11670: 10968: 9957:"An inspiring saga of the Tamil diaspora's contribution to India's freedom struggle" 9895: 8351: 8293: 7942:"Very old, very sophisticated tools found in India. The question is: Who made them?" 7178: 6973:

of the Indian Navy, which has a major base at Chennai and logistics support base at

5593:

The state has a diversified industrial base anchored by different sectors including

1371:, nicknamed as Kollywood, plays an influential role in the state's popular culture. 32591: 31315: 31310: 31265: 31260: 31054: 31014: 30949: 30904: 30869: 30839: 30809: 30784: 30739: 30689: 30679: 30654: 30451: 30436: 30426: 30344: 30291: 30261: 30134: 30116: 30098: 30083: 30070: 30055: 29810: 29718: 29690: 29670: 29594: 29579: 29569: 29469: 29388: 29287: 29029: 27779: 27774: 27729: 27724: 27391: 27329: 27264: 26824: 26667: 26612: 26597: 26557: 26502: 26361: 26301: 26241: 26223: 25362:"What is Jallikattu? This 2,000-year-old sport is making news in India. Here's why" 23012: 22099: 20543: 19028: 17615: 16843: 15860: 15789: 15746: 15708: 15594: 15586: 14563: 14402: 13820: 13342: 13334: 13151: 12017: 11971: 11081: 10764: 10364: 10344: 9883: 9591: 8933: 8518: 8007:"How a recent archaeological discovery throws light on the history of Tamil script" 7494: 7241: 6895: 6629: 6530: 6509: 5849:

is the staple food grain with the state being one of the largest producers in India

5819: 5754: 5703: 5514: 5361: 4950: 4771: 4511: 4503: 4439: 4427: 4131: 4041: 3984: 3837: 3833: 3590:

led to the rise of Dravidian parties that formed Tamil Nadu's first government, in

3564: 3193: 3163: 3019: 2937: 2933: 2537:. The northeast monsoon takes place from November to early March, when the surface 2501: 2387: 2360: 2316: 2280: 2157: 2063: 2043: 2003: 1805: 1781: 1773: 1714: 1647: 1556: 1364: 1140: 1104: 1001: 917: 905: 131: 22631: 17606:

Beteille, Andre (1964). "89. A Note on the Pongal Festival in a Tanjore Village".

15190: 14524: 12165:"Justice R. Mahadevan to be Acting Chief Justice of Madras High Court from Friday" 10942: 8937: 8595: 5842: 5342: 4571: 3956: 32496: 31370: 31355: 31300: 31280: 31255: 31119: 31094: 31059: 31009: 30989: 30979: 30969: 30899: 30884: 30844: 30834: 30794: 30764: 30759: 30734: 30709: 30644: 30619: 30534: 30507: 30464: 30459: 30339: 30309: 30045: 30025: 29980: 29945: 29897: 29805: 29713: 29685: 29665: 29599: 29564: 29489: 29474: 29464: 29424: 29411: 29406: 29365: 29317: 29272: 29262: 29212: 28934: 27804: 27744: 27719: 27099: 27094: 26929: 26776: 26464: 25936: 25761: 19101: 18935: 18115: 17838: 17811: 17716: 17689: 17650: 17568: 16870: 14941:"Indian state set to be the first to ban conversion therapy of LGBT+ individuals" 11511: 10427: 9364: 9106: 8902: 8706: 7305: 7067: 6871: 6842: 6834: 6577: 6557: 6534: 6316: 6304: 6080: 5762: 5480: 5424: 5246: 5238: 4916: 4890: 4507: 4499: 4491: 4479: 4435: 4381: 4314: 4054: 4008: 3993: 3899: 3859: 3627: 3623: 3611: 3576: 3540: 3351: 3328: 2742: 2673: 2629:(including four indigenous species and 60 introduced species) and 184 species of 2614: 2340: 2332: 2011: 1987: 1915: 1852: 1754: 1710: 1706: 1691: 1229: 1168: 1160: 25394:"Pongal 2023: Traditional Bullock Cart Race Held In Various Parts Of Tamil Nadu" 24935: 22854:

De Havilland Gazette (Report). De Havilland Aircraft Company. 1953. p. 103.

19808: 17097: 15823: 13931:(Report). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from 12895: 11293: 10233: 9798:

The Limits of Tolerance: Indian Secularism and the Politics of Religious Freedom

7653: 6376: 6205:

Newspaper publishing started in the state started with the launch of the weekly

5146: 2480: 2374:

The Western Ghats run south along the western boundary with the highest peak at

31365: 31350: 31285: 31275: 31152: 31099: 31044: 31034: 30984: 30859: 30814: 30789: 30779: 30774: 30754: 30559: 30472: 30446: 30421: 30393: 30354: 30251: 30196: 30126: 30111: 29920: 29892: 29856: 29843: 29747: 29742: 29731: 29449: 29375: 29247: 29163: 29140: 27824: 27764: 27749: 27422: 27319: 27279: 27182: 26844: 26784: 26622: 26602: 26547: 26527: 26431: 26356: 26119: 25882: 25851: 25699: 25667: 24333: 20840: 20588: 20326: 19899: 18903: 18694: 18635: 18577: 18301: 18055: 17510: 17070: 16847: 16339: 15780:

Stein, B. (1977). "Circulation and the Historical Geography of Tamil Country".

14879: 14815: 12603: 12479: 11643: 8877:

Beyond Turk and Hindu: Rethinking Religious Identities in Islamicate South Asia

8850:

Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra

6830: 6776: 6340: 6213: 6064: 5691: 5675: 5662:

in Chennai was amongst the first and largest IT parks in Asia. The presence of

5530: 5464: 5436: 5412: 5408: 5369: 5320: 5258: 5170: 5150: 5117: 5113: 5101: 4824:. The existent Tamil grammar is largely based on the 13th-century grammar book 4371: 4342: 4338: 4113: 4095: 3607: 3324: 3111: 3103: 3067: 3035: 2780: 2691: 2577: 2547: 2400: 2328: 2304: 2288: 2222: 2189: 2137: 2098: 1990:, the first major English settlement in India, which became the nucleus of the 1835:

and expanded trade links with other maritime empires. During the 13th century,

1812:

in the north and across the Indian Ocean. The Cholas built many temples in the

1656: 1582: 1532: 1443: 1408: 1380: 1356: 1237: 1225: 1190: 1156: 1128: 1112: 1089: 1049: 633: 72: 32360:

Tamil Nadu State Palmgur and Fibre Marketing Co-operative Federation (TNPFMCF)

31877:

Tamil Nadu Medicinal Plant Farms and Herbal Medicine Corporation Ltd (TAMPCOL)

28798:

Tamil Nadu State Palmgur and Fibre Marketing Co-operative Federation (TNPFMCF)

28315:

Tamil Nadu Medicinal Plant Farms and Herbal Medicine Corporation Ltd (TAMPCOL)

22138: 20027: 15864: 14568: 12958:

The Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971 (Tamil Nadu Act 35 of 1972)

12196: 12047:. Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Government of India. 9887: 9595: 5978:. The utilizable groundwater recharge is 22,423 MCM. The major rivers include 5730: 5463:

is a Tamil cultural festival celebrated on the 18th day of the Tamil month of

4784: 3018:. The state has other smaller zoos run by local administrative bodies such as 1679: 1616: 1413: 1147:

bisecting the state. Politically, Tamil Nadu is bound by the Indian states of

32666: 32644: 31997:

Tamil Nadu Urban Finance and Infrastructure Development Corporation (TUFIDCO)

31360: 31345: 31330: 31210: 31165: 31104: 31069: 31039: 30974: 30944: 30934: 30929: 30874: 30849: 30829: 30824: 30704: 30699: 30694: 30614: 30569: 30485: 30416: 30286: 30201: 30139: 30000: 29925: 29876: 29755: 29459: 29416: 29340: 28435:

Tamil Nadu Urban Finance and Infrastructure Development Corporation (TUFIDCO)

27814: 27799: 27674: 27664: 27345: 27324: 27254: 27222: 27109: 27089: 27084: 27079: 26909: 26879: 26336: 26123: 25440: 25047: 24909: 24243: 23375: 23128: 21108: 20548: 20058: 19424: 17627: 16411: 16167: 13338: 13100: 12420: 12008: 11962: 11715: 9603: 8172: 8159:"Keezhadi excavations: Sangam era older than previously thought, finds study" 7435: 7297: 7224: 7186: 6818: 6736: 6732: 6545: 6231: 6157: 6125: 6108: 6100: 6076: 5983: 5456: 5296: 5050: 4958: 4925: 4906: 4875: 4779: 4775: 4717: 4661: 4561: 4467: 4455: 4334: 4322: 4306: 3572: 3477: 3430: 3347: 3304: 3254: 2953: 2929: 2816: 2768: 2572: 2461: 2453: 2383: 2379: 2352: 2312: 2300: 2292: 2284: 2272: 2226: 2055: 1995: 1975: 1940: 1936: 1903: 1879: 1738: 1687: 1578: 1574: 1562: 1548: 1540: 1327: 1269: 1265: 1221: 1217: 1180: 1136: 1124: 1116: 1108: 741: 239: 226: 139: 32320:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative State Agriculture and Rural Development Bank (TNCSF)

31912:

Tamil Nadu Power Finance and Infrastructure Development Corporation (TNPFID)

28758:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative State Agriculture and Rural Development Bank (TNCSF)

28350:

Tamil Nadu Power Finance and Infrastructure Development Corporation (TNPFID)

27016: 23008: 22735: 17566: 16868: 15955:

Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: History, Art, and Traditions in Tamil nāḍu

15540: 11997: 10401: 6882:

while flights are planned to be introduced to more domestic airports by the

6560:, which is headquartered in Chennai with four divisions in the state namely 4648: 2972:

and Megamalai. There are seventeen declared bird sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu.

2936:

in India. There are five declared elephant sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu as per

1820:

at Thanjavur, one of the foremost temples of the era built by Rajaraja, and

32656: 31862:

Tamil Nadu Linguistic Minorities Economic Development Corporation (TNLMEDC)

31375: 31245: 31240: 31200: 31190: 31084: 31049: 30589: 30579: 30564: 30359: 30349: 30314: 30281: 30226: 30216: 30176: 30154: 30149: 30121: 30106: 30075: 30060: 29970: 29950: 29940: 29830: 29820: 29815: 29703: 29680: 29675: 29589: 29574: 29559: 29510: 29135: 28300:

Tamil Nadu Linguistic Minorities Economic Development Corporation (TNLMEDC)

27863: 27709: 27704: 27628: 27427: 27370: 26804: 26728: 26331: 26211: 25636: 25544: 21333:"Chennai@175: Madras to Chennai – Evolution of media in the last 150 years" 20557: 18872: 13321: 10356: 10157:(Report). Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations. 9421: 9004: 8328:

A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times To the Fall of Vijayanagar

8274:

Kamil Zvelebil (1991). "Comments on the Tolkappiyam Theory of Literature".

7522: 7478: 7470: 7373: 7216: 6946: 6852: 6780: 6328: 6244: 6156:

installed power capacity of 38,248 MW with 54.6% from renewable resources.

6112: 6018: 5987: 5917: 5734: 5584: 5571: 5558: 5518: 5460: 5097: 4923:, thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. 4919:. In 1578, the Portuguese published a Tamil book in old Tamil script named 4667: 4471: 4302: 4296: 4214: 3867: 3528: 3410: 3247: 3143: 3099: 2892: 2855: 2844: 2776: 2752: 2630: 2530: 2440: 2391: 2319:

of the peninsula. Politically, Tamil Nadu is bound by the Indian states of

2201: 2185: 2102: 2069: 2023: 1963: 1863:. The Vijayanagara empire eventually conquered the entire Tamil country by 1801: 1769: 1623: 1521: 1505: 1490: 1422: 1368: 1303: 1286: 1276:

have seen multiple influences over the years and have developed diversely.

1257: 1189:

points to Tamil Nadu being inhabited for more than 400 millennia, first by

1096:

and which serves as its official language. The capital and largest city is

1085: 939: 704: 673: 646: 392: 295: 123: 15590: 12070: 11835:

Singh, M.; Lindburg, D.G.; Udhayan, A.; Kumar, M.A.; Kumara, H.N. (1999).

8486:

A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar

7008:

teacher-pupil ratio of 1:26.6. Public schools are all affiliated with the

4862: 4850: 4838: 4826: 4782:

far to the south of India. This includes the oldest grammatical treatise,

4778:, the earliest of which, according to legend, were held on a now vanished 2512:

prevails over most of the inland peninsular region except for a semi-arid

2014:

in 1759. The British and French competed to expand the trade which led to

1753:, the Tamil country was divided between the Pallavas and the Pandyas. The 1749:

towards the end of the 6th century CE and with the Cholas in obscurity in

79: 32350:

Tamil Nadu State Apex Fisheries Cooperative Federation Limited (TAFCOFED)

31325: 31205: 31129: 30894: 30674: 30604: 30401: 30377: 30372: 30304: 30256: 30246: 30241: 30144: 30005: 29990: 29825: 29695: 29521: 29479: 29393: 28788:

Tamil Nadu State Apex Fisheries Cooperative Federation Limited (TAFCOFED)

27819: 27809: 27669: 27432: 27396: 27202: 26967: 26919: 26914: 26849: 25472: 23406: 23198: 23072: 23042: 21760:

World Radio TV Handbook 2007: The Directory of International Broadcasting

19257:. Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Industries, Government of India. 18391: 15941:

Thirdly, the movement had blossomed first down south or the Tamil country

15157: 15132:

C. Monahan, Susanne; Andrew Mirola, William; O. Emerson, Michael (2001).

10391: 7369: 7341: 7094:(1842) are amongst the oldest arts and science colleges in the country. 7075: 6974: 6922: 6914: 6767: 6359:

which operates 356 operating fire stations. Postal service is handled by

6336: 6288: 6284: 6276: 6198: 6174: 5906: 5792: 5774: 5502: 5315: 5190: 5182: 5081: 5054: 5018: 4902: 4794: 4759: 4732: 4705: 4694: 4625: 4459: 4326: 4162: 4144: 3446: 3276: 2513: 2465: 2356: 2308: 2118: 2047: 2039: 2027: 1999: 1991: 1742: 1722: 1718: 1702: 1660: 1501: 1459: 1449: 1245: 1241: 1132: 451: 279: 97: 24576:

Observing our environment from space: new solutions for a new millennium

20234: 17763: 9611: 8994: 3461: 31305: 31220: 31215: 31079: 30924: 30919: 30629: 30599: 30231: 30050: 29985: 29866: 29497: 29327: 29307: 29282: 29237: 29202: 29130: 27769: 27684: 27679: 27601: 27365: 27360: 27355: 27350: 27187: 26942: 26454: 26406: 25144: 21994: 21961: 18142: 17635: 17614:. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland: 73–75. 17101: 16748:. Chicago: International Tamil Language Foundation. 2000. p. 1201. 15801: 15758: 15720: 15599: 14528: 13196: 12200: 10393:

Southern India: its history, people, commerce, and industrial resources

10151: 8821: 7485:

in Chennai was the venue for the international hockey tournaments, the

7462: 7458: 7357: 7349: 7317: 7313: 7237: 7228: 7151:

As of 2023, the state has 4,622 public libraries. Established in 1896,

6918: 6799: 6360: 6262: 5975: 5770: 5719: 5686:, established in 2015 and India's third-largest by trading volume. The 5659: 5633: 5610: 5594: 5385: 5346: 5234: 5174: 4934: 4911: 4870: 4817: 4813: 4804: 4690: 4463: 4350: 4346: 4330: 4018: 3971: 3560: 3235: 3095: 3023: 2979: 2888: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2736: 2699: 2658: 2626: 2622: 2610: 2469: 2444: 2419: 2375: 2035: 1836: 1789: 1335: 1210: 1197:. Tamil Nadu has more than 5,500 years of continuous cultural history. 724: 379: 32441:

Tamil Nadu State Commissioner for Protection of Child Rights (TNSCPCR)

31782:

Tamil Nadu Backward Classes Economic Development Corporation (TNBCEDC)

28879:

Tamil Nadu State Commissioner for Protection of Child Rights (TNSCPCR)

28220:

Tamil Nadu Backward Classes Economic Development Corporation (TNBCEDC)

24967:"Kabaddi Introduction, Rules, Information, History & Competitions" 24865: 24809: 24356: 24050:"How Tamil Nadu's reservation stands at 69% despite the 50% quota cap" 22709: 22534: 21579:"DD Podhigai to be renamed as DD Tamil from Pongal day: MoS L Murugan" 15640:

The Lost Land of Lemuria: Fabulous Geographies, Catastrophic Histories

9527:

History Net: Where History Comes Alive – World & US History Online

9272:

Symbols of substance : court and state in Nayaka period Tamilnadu

8747: 3854:(HDI) for Tamil Nadu was 0.686, higher than that of India (0.633) but 2144:

gathered momentum in the early 20th century with the formation of the

2124:

Failure of the summer monsoons and administrative shortcomings of the

1846: 32639: 32344: 32340:

Tamil Nadu Horticultural Producers Co-operative Enterprises (TANHOPE)

31847:

Tamil Nadu Industrial Guidance and Export Promotion Bureau (GUIDANCE)

31295: 31064: 30879: 30529: 30411: 29322: 29277: 28782: 28778:

Tamil Nadu Horticultural Producers Co-operative Enterprises (TANHOPE)

28285:

Tamil Nadu Industrial Guidance and Export Promotion Bureau (GUIDANCE)

27851: 27759: 27406: 26899: 26884: 26859: 26834: 26829: 26229: 26075: 26047: 26012: 25979: 25909: 25757:"Chennaiyin FC versus Kerala Blasters in ISL's most bitter rivalries" 25575: 25431: 25175: 24900: 24275: 23908: 23804: 23772: 23535: 23366: 23322:

Women, Health and Public Services in India: Why are states different?

21704: 21671: 21639: 21229: 20620: 19415: 19289: 19218:"How can India replicate the success of Tiruppur in 75 other places?" 18726: 18667: 18179: 18051:"Chennai music season begins with 'Chennaiyil Thiruvaiyaru' festival" 17783: 17478: 17446: 17253: 17195: 16540: 15737:

Maloney, C. (1970). "The Beginnings of Civilization in South India".

15699:

Ramaswamy, Vijaya (1993). "Women and Farm Work in Tamil Folk Songs".

15225: 14848: 14787:"Guten Morgen! Chennaiites signing up for German lessons on the rise" 14767: 14709: 14685: 13983: 13951: 13379: 13347: 13288: 13119: 12393: 12366: 12169: 12137: 11880: 11746: 11706: 10348: 10322: 10051: 9961: 9929: 9828: 9456: 9270:

Rao, Velcheru Narayana; Shulman, David; Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (1998).

8569: 8163: 8130: 8098: 7858: 7770: 6814: 6343:

has become increasingly popular replacing cable television services.

6324: 6250: 6238: 6193: 5862: 5498: 5472: 5444: 5186: 5125: 5090: 4898: 4882: 4799: 4723: 4592:, describes women in exquisite drapery or sari. Women wear colourful 4447: 4411: 3866:

amongst Indian states. As of 2023, 2.2% of the people live below the

3813: 3442: 3300: 3183: 2928:. Tamil Nadu is home to one of the largest populations of endangered 2729: 2716: 2634: 2457: 2411: 2410:

is 1,076 km (669 mi) long, and is the second longest state

2364: 2348: 2324: 2268: 2218: 2193: 2074: 1793: 1785: 1566: 1552: 1536: 1498: 1404: 1396: 1317:. Tamil Nadu is also one of the most industrialised states, with the 1202: 1176: 1152: 927: 806: 719: 464: 32355:

Tamil Nadu State Co-operative Societies Election Commission (TNSCEC)

31777:

Tamil Nadu Adi Dravidar Housing and Development Corporation (TAHDCO)

28793:

Tamil Nadu State Co-operative Societies Election Commission (TNSCEC)

28215:

Tamil Nadu Adi Dravidar Housing and Development Corporation (TAHDCO)

27029: 25603:"Afghanistan to face Bangladesh in first T20I at Dehradun on Sunday" 25305:

Sports and Games of the Ancients: (Sports and Games Through History)

24302: 23295:

Madras, Chennai: A 400-year Record of the First City of Modern India

19658: 19411:"Govt. dissolves Ordnance Factory Board, transfers assets to 7 PSUs" 17619: 15793: 15750: 15712: 14681:"K and the city: Why are more and more Chennaiites learning Korean?" 11361:(Report). Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. 2019. 8453: 7282: 5761:

in Chennai manufactures railway coaches and other rolling stock for

5407:

is known as Tamil New Year which marks the first day of year on the

5261:, which includes rhythmic and structured music by composers such as 4937:

published in any Indian language. The 19th century gave rise to the

3086:. Threatened and endangered species found in the region include the 2371:

where the Indian Ocean meets the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.

2128:

system resulted in two severe famines in the Madras Presidency, the

1497:(ASI) indicate a continuous history from more than 3,800 years ago. 1209:

people and was ruled by several regimes over centuries, such as the

61: 32334: 28772: 27401: 27284: 27217: 26869: 26469: 25021: 23593:"TN private schools told to teach Tamil for students till Class 10" 19057: 18963:"In a first, Tamil Nadu overtakes UP and Karnataka to emerge first" 17944:

Divinity and Diversity: A Hindu Revitalization Movement in Malaysia

15409:

Molina, A.B.; Roa, V.N.; Van den Bergh, I.; Maghuyop, M.A. (2000).

12261: 10833: 9437:

The Honourable Company: A History of the English East India Company

7510: 7377: 7028:, ten years of school and two years of higher secondary education. 6496: 6320: 6168:

is the first fully indigenous nuclear power station in India. The

5962: 5926: 5870: 5606: 5488: 5428: 5404: 5396:

Tamils decorate their homes with colorful geometric designs called

5326: 5254: 5213: 5129: 5121: 4711: 4487: 4483: 4310: 4198: 4072: 3903: 3381: 2983: 2900: 2896: 2662: 2650: 2618: 2449: 2390:

region. They are a discontinuous range of mountains intersected by

2164:. The Tamils formed a significant percentage of the members of the 2125: 1959: 1898:

Later conflicts and European colonization (17th to 20th century CE)

1797: 1764: 1758: 1746: 1734: 1683: 1668: 1651: 1608: 1418: 1352: 784: 736: 607: 32376:

Tamil Nadu Biodiversity Conservation And Greening Society (TNBCGS)

28814:

Tamil Nadu Biodiversity Conservation And Greening Society (TNBCGS)

26071:"Survivors of time: Madras Race Club - A canter through centuries" 22064:

Highways Department renamed as Highways and Minor Ports Department

20529: 17442:"From silent films to the digital era — Madras' tryst with cinema" 17405:

Tamil cinema: the cultural politics of India's other film industry

13889:

Urban Agglomerations and Cities having population 1 lakh and above

12729: 12226: 8126:"Artifacts unearthed at Keeladi to find a special place in museum" 5568:

highest amongst Indian states, which had grown significantly from

5249:, are the major musical instruments used in temples and weddings. 1827:

The Pandyas again reigned supreme early in the 13th century under

1240:

began with establishing trade ports in the 17th century, with the

32446:

Tamil Nadu State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (TNSCDRC)

28884:

Tamil Nadu State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (TNSCDRC)

27274: 27269: 26904: 26864: 26854: 26819: 26814: 26459: 26449: 26251: 26185: 25172:"Chennai to host first ever Chess Olympiad in India from July 28" 23984:"NIRF Rankings 2023: 53 colleges from South India in the top 100" 20111: 18899:"World Bank expands footprint in city, adds 70k sqft back office" 16976:. Vol. 2. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 115–150. 15131: 7502: 7466: 7410:

academy based in Chennai. Chennai is home to the most successful

7353: 7293: 7286: 7205: 7001: 6961:

of the Government of India. There is an intermediate sea port at

6495:, totalling 6,805 kilometres (4,228 mi) long, which connect 6480: 5913: 5898: 5874: 5484: 5476: 5452: 5377: 5208:

called Tamil Pannisai described by Sangam literature such as the

5109: 5009: 4989: 4764: 4678: 4673: 4391: 4246: 4126: 4036: 3998: 3979: 3961: 3484:, established as Madras state police in 1859, operates under the 3371: 3075: 3039: 3031: 3015: 2804: 2695: 2667: 2621:

species, 260 species of wild relatives of cultivated plants, 230

2493: 2415: 1967: 1891: 1851:

In the 13th and 14th centuries, there were repeated attacks from

1832: 1750: 1726: 1709:. Though they existed previously, the period saw the rise of the 1698: 1627: 1612: 1527: 1323: 1097: 857: 612: 599: 327: 25332:

Finkel, Irving (2004). "Round and Round the Houses: The Game of

21905:

Regional Language Television in India: Profiles and Perspectives

20868:"Tamil Nadu all set for Rs 1,500 crore mega optic fibre network" 20174:. Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. pp. 157–159. 18573:"Tamil Nadu: A small step in inclusivity, a giant leap in India" 16442:"A Tradition Created: Indo-Saracenic Architecture under the Raj" 10081:

Migrant women and urban labour market: concepts and case studies

8928:"Rama Raya (1484–1565): élite mobility in a Persianized world". 7070:

founded in 1794 is the oldest engineering college in India. The

7042:

As of 2023, there are 56 universities in the state including 24

4689:

with its distinct aroma and flavour achieved by the blending of

1932: 1780:

The Cholas became the dominant kingdom in the 9th century under

1729:, ornate towers at the entrance of temples, originated with the 1387:

meaning "land" and Tamil Nadu meaning "the land of Tamils". The

108: 31887:

Tamil Nadu Minorities Economic Development Corporation (TNMEDC)

28325:

Tamil Nadu Minorities Economic Development Corporation (TNMEDC)

27249: 26962: 26889: 26874: 26839: 26371: 26108: 24939: 24869: 24813: 24703:"Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh build temple ties to boost tourism" 21259:

The Press in Tamil Nadu and the Struggle for Freedom, 1917-1937

19032: 18663:"Investors told to go in for long term investment, index funds" 17973:

Portals: Opening Doorways to Other Realities Through the Senses

17249:"Indian tri-colour hoisted at Chennai in 1947 to be on display" 16400:

Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science & Humanities

16222:(3rd ed.). New Delhi: Low Price Publications. p. 309. 15411:

Advancing banana and plantain R & D in Asia and the Pacific

14811:"LGBT community in Tamil Nadu seeks state government's support" 13596:"Fifth National Family Health Survey-Update on Child Sex Ratio" 11515: 11267: 9711:

Battles of the Honourable East India Company: Making of the Raj

8751: 8708:

The Penguin History of Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300

8311: 7506: 7249: 7124:

of society, the highest among all Indian states. There are ten

6837:

marking the first scheduled commercial flight. There are three

6826: 6022: 5979: 5966: 5938: 5930: 5922: 5894: 5886: 5882: 5866: 5448: 5381: 5365: 5242: 5230: 5222: 5198: 5178: 5042: 4983: 4894: 4736: 4686: 4682: 4637: 4353:

population. As of 2011, the state had 3.49 million immigrants.

3594:. In 1972, a split in the DMK resulted in the formation of the 3492:. Women form 17.6% of the police force and specifically handle 3296: 2975: 2808: 2687: 2638: 2505: 2436: 2320: 2197: 1809: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1599: 1586: 1417:(2nd to 1st century BCE) indicates the borders of Tamilakam as 1400: 1148: 1144: 815: 32597:

Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS)

31937:

Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation (TANSIDCO)

31922:

Tamil Nadu Road Infrastructure Development Corporation (TNIDC)

31456:

Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Minorities Welfare

29035:

Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS)

28375:

Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation (TANSIDCO)

28360:

Tamil Nadu Road Infrastructure Development Corporation (TNIDC)

27938:

Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Minorities Welfare

23800:"Pranab Mukherjee to review passing-out parade at Chennai OTA" 23563:"Is Tamil Nadu government sidelining government aided schools" 19317:"TN to account for 60% of India's leather exports in two year" 17011: 15408: 11951: 11837:

Status survey of slender loris Loris tardigradus lydekkerianus

9713:. New Delhi: A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. pp. 172–181. 9034:(Reprinted ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 48. 6059:(second). Of the three demographically related targets of the 5372:

and usually falls on 14 or 15 January. It is dedicated to the

2148:, which was based on an idea propagated by the members of the 2089:

with Madras as the capital. After the defeat of Mysore in the

1808:, the Chola empire reached its zenith and stretched as far as 1520:. Further epigraphical inscriptions found at Adichanallur use 32698:

Countries and territories where Tamil is an official language

32280:

Tamil Nadu Co-operation Food and Consumer Protection (TNCFCP)

32264: 31992:

Tamil Nadu Transport Development Finance Corporation (TNTDFC)

31817:

Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation (TANGEDCO)

31747:

State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu (SIPCOT)

28718:

Tamil Nadu Co-operation Food and Consumer Protection (TNCFCP)

28702: 28430:

Tamil Nadu Transport Development Finance Corporation (TNTDFC)

28255:

Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation (TANGEDCO)

28190:

State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu (SIPCOT)

27259: 26952: 26799: 26794: 25468:"Understanding Gatta Gusthi: Kerala's own style of wrestling" 25000:. Ming Li, Eric W. MacIntosh, Gonzalo A. Bravo. p. 106. 24171: 20584:"5.67 lakh kids get polio vaccines at 1,647 camps in Chennai" 17714: 15980:

Keywords for India: A Conceptual Lexicon for the 21st Century

12599:"Little hope for revival of Tamil Nadu's legislative council" 10578:"Centre for Coastal Zone Management and Coastal Shelter Belt" 8742: 8740: 7361: 7309: 7204:, which is the nodal agency responsible for the promotion of 6929:(ISRO) announced the setting up a new rocket launch pad near 6504:(TNSTC), established in 1947 when private buses operating in 6038: 6003: 5890: 5878: 5830:, the Indian space agency, operates a propulsion facility at 5468: 5411:. The festival date is set with the solar cycle of the solar 5397: 5373: 5266: 5250: 5218: 5105: 4886: 4609: 4604: 4598: 4533: 4318: 4230: 4108: 2812: 2707: 2646: 2642: 2006:. The British regained control of Madras in 1749 through the 1971: 1944: 1911: 1671:, a collection of couplets is attributed to the same period. 1331: 1296:

economy amongst the 28 states of India. It has the country's

1194: 1073: 1036: 1030: 267: 32577:

Tamil Nadu Physical Education and Sports University (TNPESU)

32335:

Tamil Nadu Handloom Weavers' Co-operative Society (Co-optex)

32002:

Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastrcuture Financial Services (TNUIFSL)

31807:

Tamil Nadu Fisheries Development Corporation Limited (TNFDC)

29015:

Tamil Nadu Physical Education and Sports University (TNPESU)

28773:

Tamil Nadu Handloom Weavers' Co-operative Society (Co-optex)

28440:

Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services (TNUIFSL)

28245:

Tamil Nadu Fisheries Development Corporation Limited (TNFDC)

25789:"ISL 2020-21: Bengaluru FC renew rivalry with Chennaiyin FC" 21667:"BSNL launches IPTV services to its customers in Tamil Nadu" 21225:"The first newspaper of Madras Presidency had a 36-year run" 20530:

Amarjothi JMV; Jesudasan, J.; Ramasamy, V.; Jose, L (2020).

8064:"Keezhadi sixth phase: What do the findings so far tell us?" 7974:"Skeletons dating back 3,800 years throw light on evolution" 6469: 5007:

preceding the door leading to the sanctum, gate-pyramids or

4305:

form a majority of the population with minorities including

2879:

in South India. The protected areas are administered by the

2042:

of Panchalakurichi in the first series of Polygar wars. The

32300:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Milk Producers' Federation (TNCMPF)

28738:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Milk Producers' Federation (TNCMPF)

25111: 20836:"After losing 6 lakh internet connections, Tamil Nadu adds" 20208:. Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. p. 163. 19002: 16869:

Gita Wolf; Va Kītā; V. Geetha; Anushka Ravishankar (2003).

16028:

Bergunder, Michael; Frese, Heiko; Schröder, Ulrike (2011).

13408:"Why Amartya Sen should become the next president of India" 11907:

Malviya, M.; Srivastav, A.; Nigam, P.; Tyagi, P.C. (2011).

10580:. Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University Chennai. 9872:"Theosophy and the Origins of the Indian National Congress" 8904:

The position of Hindus under the Delhi Sultanate, 1206–1526

8202:. Lucknow: OnlineGatha—The Endless Tale. pp. 123–136. 7365: 7304:

is the most popular region based franchise tournament with

7220: 6883: 6104: 6007: 5934: 5854: 5846: 5827: 5380:

offered to Surya. Mattu Pongal is meant for celebration of

5226: 5030: 4744: 4699: 4656: 4621: 4618: 4584: 4529: 4482:, though modern-day spoken Tamil in Tamil Nadu freely uses 4443: 4401: 2924:, an urban national park within Chennai. Tamil Nadu has 18 2601:. The Western Ghats eco-region is one of the eight hottest 2002:. In September 1746, the French captured Madras during the 1870:

and ruled for almost two centuries until its defeat in the

1643: 1603:

chiefs. The rulers patronized multiple religions including

1279:

As the most urbanised state of India, Tamil Nadu boasts an

966: 819: 32431:

Tamil Nadu State Commission for Differently Abled (TNSCAD)

32315:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Spinning Mill Federation (TANSPIN)

32224:

Tamil Nadu Ulema and other Employees Welfare Board (TNUWB)

32129:

Chennai Metro Watersupply and Sewerage Board (CMWS&SB)

28869:

Tamil Nadu State Commission for Differently Abled (TNSCAD)

28753:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Spinning Mill Federation (TANSPIN)

28662:

Tamil Nadu Ulema and other Employees Welfare Board (TNUWB)

28567:

Chennai Metro Watersupply and Sewerage Board (CMWS&SB)

24896:"Conservationist joins SC panel on elephant corridor case" 19482:"New defence PSUs will help India become self-reliant: PM" 17758:. Bd. 103, H. 1 (1). Dietrich Reimer Verlag GmbH: 86–108. 16287:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 151–153. 15028:"Transgenders have marriage rights says Madras High Court" 11906: 11568:"Tamil Nadu's 18th wildlife sanctuary to come up in Erode" 8880:. University Press of Florida. pp. 300–306, 321–322. 8737: 6833:

and the flight was continued to Madras piloted by aviator

6095:. As of 2023, four mobile phone service companies operate 5912:

As of 2022, the state is the largest producer in India of

32456:

Tamil Nadu State Council For Technical Education (TNSCTE)

28894:

Tamil Nadu State Council For Technical Education (TNSCTE)

26809: 26767: 24172:"About Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education" 20051:

M.S. Swaminathan: One Man's Quest for a Hunger-free World

17567:

Denise Cush; Catherine A. Robinson; Michael York (2008).

15325: 11834: 11774:"Kazhuveli wetland in Tamil Nadu declared bird sanctuary" 11605:. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, N.J. pp. 110–117. 11602:

Project Tiger: The reserves, the tigers, and their future

10047:"Tracing the demand to rename Madras State as Tamil Nadu" 9185:"Rhythms of the Portuguese presence in the Bay of Bengal" 8352:"The Medieval Spice Trade and the Diffusion of the Chile" 7477:. Tamil Nadu Hockey Association is the governing body of 7457:. Chennai also houses a multi–purpose indoor complex for 7441:

There are multi-purpose venues in major cities including

6347:

serials form a major prime time source of entertainment.

6096: 5902: 5551:

economic policies in the 1970s. As of 2022, Tamil Nadu's

5013:

in quadrangular enclosures that surround the temple, and

4878:, is amongst the most popular works of Tamil literature. 3807:, Tamil Nadu had a population of 72.1 million and is the 3335:, administered by Village Administrative Officers (VAO). 2439:

beds of the Deccan plateau were laid down in the massive

1016: 1010: 653: 32229:

Tamil Nadu Uniformed Services Recruitment Board (TNUSRB)

32139:

Tamil Nadu De-Notified Communities Welfare Board (TNDEL)

28667:

Tamil Nadu Uniformed Services Recruitment Board (TNUSRB)

28577:

Tamil Nadu De-Notified Communities Welfare Board (TNDEL)

25138:

Shanker, V. Prem; Pidaparthy, Umika (27 November 2013).

24996:

Li, Ming; MacIntosh, Eric W.; Bravo, Gonzalo A. (2012).

17753: 15059:

Saris: An Illustrated Guide to the Indian Art of Draping

13284:"A look at the events leading up to the birth of AIADMK" 10605:

Coral Reefs of the World: Indian Ocean, Red Sea and Gulf

9059:. A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. pp. 151, 154–158. 8441:

Ancient Tamil Country: Its Social and Economic Structure

7742:

The smile of Murugan: on Tamil literature of South India

6809:

built the first powered flight in Asia and tested it in

5128:

with the transition from lime-and-brick construction to

3497:

regions. The state is consistently ranked as one of the

1508:

dated between 1500 and 2000 BCE indicate the use of the

32078:

Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority (TNSDMA)

28516:

Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority (TNSDMA)

24444:"Tamil Nadu ranks first for domestic tourism: Official" 23099:"Why Thoothukudi was chosen as ISRO's second spaceport" 21817:"Jayalalithaa govt scraps free TV scheme in Tamil Nadu" 19869:

Production of Tea in India During And Up to August 2002

16697:

India's Dances Their History, Technique, and Repertoire

16142:

Tamil Renaissance and the Dravidian Movement, 1905-1944

11702:"Srivilliputhur–Megamalai Tiger Reserve in TN approved" 9406:. India, Nepal. Geneva: Nagel Publishers. p. 556. 6120: 6116: 5822:, tank engines and armored clothing for the use of the 5368:. It is observed in the month of Thai according to the 4596:

on special occasions such as marriages. The men wear a

4532:

rights in Tamil Nadu are among the most progressive in

32451:

Tamil Nadu State Council for Higher Education (TNSCHE)

32386:

Tamil Nadu Council for Science and Technology (TNDCWB)

32199:

Tamil Nadu State Agricultural Marketing Board (TNSAMB)

32174:

Tamil Nadu Medical Services Recruitment Board (TNMSRB)

32159:

Tamil Nadu Khadi and Village Industries Board (TNKVIB)

32134:

Tamil Nadu Construction Workers Welfare Board (TNCWWB)

31827:

Tamil Nadu Handicrafts Development Corporation (TNHDC)

31752:

Tamil Nadu Anhydrous Fluoric Acid Corporation (TANFAC)

28889:

Tamil Nadu State Council for Higher Education (TNSCHE)

28824:

Tamil Nadu Council for Science and Technology (TNDCWB)

28637:

Tamil Nadu State Agricultural Marketing Board (TNSAMB)

28612:

Tamil Nadu Medical Services Recruitment Board (TNMSRB)

28597:

Tamil Nadu Khadi and Village Industries Board (TNKVIB)

28572:

Tamil Nadu Construction Workers Welfare Board (TNCWWB)

28265:

Tamil Nadu Handicrafts Development Corporation (TNHDC)

25274:"Traditional sports and games mark Pongal festivities" 23361:"When MGR proved Manmohan wrong on a visionary scheme" 23225:"Tamil Nadu India's most literate state: HRD ministry" 21878:"FY-2015: Inflection point for DTH companies in India" 21732:"All India Radio, Chennai celebrates 85th anniversary" 20930:"Chennai ranks second among big cities in power usage" 16911:

Land and people of Indian states and union territories

16027: 10619:

The Indian Ocean Tsunami and its Environmental Impacts

9639: 9269: 7708:

Per Capita Net State Domestic Product (Current Prices)

7142:

Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (IFGTB)

7018:

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations

6805:

The aviation history of the state began in 1910, when

5629: 2050:, the brother of Kattabomman, formed a coalition with 1481: 32628: 32295:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Marketing Federation (TANFED)

32275:

Tamil Nadu Consumers' Co-operative Federation (TNCCF)

31947:

Tamil Nadu State Express Transport Corporation (SETC)

31837:

Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation (TIDCO)

28733:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Marketing Federation (TANFED)

28713:

Tamil Nadu Consumers' Co-operative Federation (TNCCF)

28385:

Tamil Nadu State Express Transport Corporation (SETC)

28275:

Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation (TIDCO)

24357:"Tourism,Culture and Religious Endowments Department" 23768:"Some colleges, schools in Chennai oldest in country" 19188:"SME sector: Opportunities, challenges in Coimbatore" 17560: 16365: 14368:"Chennai Malayalee Club leads Onam 2023 celebrations" 13498:

Decadal variation in population 1901-2011, Tamil Nadu

11386: 10453:

DellaSala, Dominick A.; Goldstei, Michael I. (2020).

10390:

Playne, Somerset; Bond, J. W; Wright, Arnold (2004).

9327:

Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present

7583:

Decadal variation in population 1901-2011, Tamil Nadu

6898:. The Air Force operates three air bases in the state 6845:

and six domestic or private airports in Tamil Nadu.

6147:

Electricity distribution in the state is done by the

6091:

Tamil Nadu is one of four Indian states connected by

1674: 1027: 1004: 32290:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Marketing Federation (TNCMF)

32068:

Tamil Nadu Horticulture Development Agency (TANHODA)

28728:

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Marketing Federation (TNCMF)

28506:

Tamil Nadu Horticulture Development Agency (TANHODA)

26008:"Coimbatore may have a Grade 3 circuit, says Narain" 24383:"Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation Limited" 18819:"State-of-the-art commerce hub likely on Anna Salai" 17721:. University of California Press. pp. 156–157. 16633:

Delights and Disquiets of Leisure in Premodern India

16086:"Delay, howlers in Tamil Lexicon embarrass scholars" 15978:

Nair, Rukmini Bhaya; de Souza, Peter Ronald (2020).

15643:. University of California Press. p. 131, 156. 13441:"India's Mild New President: Ramaswamy Venkataraman" 13375:"Jayalalithaa vs Janaki: The last succession battle" 12133:"MK Stalin sworn in as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu" 11453:

Grimmett, Richard; Inskipp, Tim (30 November 2005).

9824:"The great famine of Madras and the men who made it" 9646:. Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. 94. 7394:

Cricket is the most popular sport in the state. The

5969:

river is one of the major water sources in the state

5706:

are headquartered in the state. The state hosts the

5509:, thousands of music artists congregate every year. 4426:

Tamil is the official language of Tamil Nadu, while

1033: 1019: 1007: 32391:

Tamil Nadu Electricity Regulatory Commission (TERC)

32179:

Tamil Nadu Palm Products Development Board (TNPPDB)

31852:

Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment Corporation (TIIC)

28829:

Tamil Nadu Electricity Regulatory Commission (TERC)

28617:

Tamil Nadu Palm Products Development Board (TNPPDB)

28290:

Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment Corporation (TIIC)

24329:"Edu minister says 2nd int'l book fair in Jan 2024" 21763:. London: WRTH Publications Ltd. pp. 237–242. 21635:"Arasu Cable to launch operations from September 2" 19689:

State-wise Production of Non-Foodgrains - Sugercane

19563:

Department of Agriculture, Policy document, 2023-24

18422:"What India's top exporting states have done right" 16813:. Vol. 2. Gyan Publishing House. p. 286. 16030:

Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India

15925:Pillai, P. Govinda (4 October 2022). "Chapter 11". 13896:

Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011

12362:"Chennai - the 2nd oldest Corporation in the world" 10910: 10607:. United Nations Environment Programme. p. 84. 10325:"Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities" 8488:. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. p. 333. 7210:

Tourism,Culture and Religious Endowments Department

6303:began in 1924 by the Madras Presidency Radio Club. 5806:There are two ordnance factories in Aruvankadu and 5694:merged with two other presidency banks to form the 4893:in the sixth century CE with hymns composed by the 3271:Chennai is the capital of the state and houses the 2763:Important ecological regions of Tamil Nadu are the 2359:and the chain of low sandbars and islands known as 2175: 2030:was one of the earliest opponents, joined later by 1847:

Vijayanagar and Nayak period (14th–17th century CE)

1256:in 1947. After independence, the region became the 1024: 1013: 835: 32426:Tamil Nadu State Blindness Control Society (TSBCS) 32285:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Housing Federation (TNCHF) 32234:Tamil Nadu Urban Habitat Development Board (TNUDB) 32088:Tamil Nadu State Seed Development Agency (TANSEDA) 32083:Tamil Nadu State Legal Services Authority (TNSLSA) 31907:Tamil Nadu Poultry Development Corporation (TAPCO) 31857:Tamil Nadu Leather Development Corporation (TNLDC) 31832:Tamil Nadu Handloom Development Corporation (THDC) 31812:Tamil Nadu Forest Plantation Corporation (TAFCORN) 28864:Tamil Nadu State Blindness Control Society (TSBCS) 28723:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Housing Federation (TNCHF) 28672:Tamil Nadu Urban Habitat Development Board (TNUDB) 28526:Tamil Nadu State Seed Development Agency (TANSEDA) 28521:Tamil Nadu State Legal Services Authority (TNSLSA) 28345:Tamil Nadu Poultry Development Corporation (TAPCO) 28295:Tamil Nadu Leather Development Corporation (TNLDC) 28270:Tamil Nadu Handloom Development Corporation (THDC) 28250:Tamil Nadu Forest Plantation Corporation (TAFCORN) 25424: 22737:Indian Hill Railways: The Nilgiri Mountain Railway 22243:Highways Circle of Highways Department, Tamil Nadu 20687:"Bharti and SingTel Establish Network i2i Limited" 20423:Millennium Development Goals – Country report 2015 19282: 18995:"Chennai: The next global auto manufacturing hub?" 17314:"Tamil, Telugu film industries outshine Bollywood" 16907: 15904:. New Delhi: Asian Education Service. p. 73. 15352: 15322:"Food Balance Sheets and Crops Primary Equivalent" 14939: 13659:Household Social Consumption on Education in India 13248:The Madras Legislative Assembly, 1962-67, A Review 11542:"Top 5 Largest Mangrove and Swamp Forest in India" 10773:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. pp. 8960: 8625:Jouveau-Dubreuil, Gabriel (1995). "The Pallavas". 7529:and the state has three 18-hole golf courses, the 5491:and celebrates the wedding of various Hindu gods. 4546:forced sex-selective surgeries on intersex infants 2891:consists of a number of islands interspersing the 2847:, are home to numerous migratory and local birds. 32476:Tamil Nadu State Human Rights Commission (TNSHRC) 32249:Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD) 32093:Tamil Nadu Watershed Development Agency (TAWDEVA) 32058:Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu (SDAT) 32038:Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) 32012:Tamil Nadu Women Development Corporation (TNWDCL) 31982:Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC) 28914:Tamil Nadu State Human Rights Commission (TNSHRC) 28687:Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD) 28531:Tamil Nadu Watershed Development Agency (TAWDEVA) 28496:Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu (SDAT) 28476:Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) 28450:Tamil Nadu Women Development Corporation (TNWDCL) 28420:Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC) 25938:The Geography of India:Sacred and Historic Places 25137: 24643:"Ooty: The Queen Of Hill Stations In South India" 24239:"Chennai now boasts South Asia's largest library" 24176:Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education 24146:Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education 23675:"A brief history of the modern Indian university" 21848:"What Happens When a State Is Run by Movie Stars" 18605:"Here's why Chennai is the SAAS capital of India" 17649:R Abbas (2011). S Ganeshram and C Bhavani (ed.). 10452: 8873: 8325: 7146:Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education 6283:channels from its Chennai centre set up in 1974. 6128:across the state to provide high-speed internet. 5671:and has been dubbed the "SaaS Capital of India". 5419:and falls on or about 14 April every year on the 5303:after the declaration of India's Independence on 3874:, one of the lowest rates amongst Indian states. 3610:became the leader of the DMK after Annadurai and 2908:covering 307.84 km (118.86 sq mi)– 2875:was established in 1940 and was the first modern 2221:framework, with strict governmental control over 2188:, comprising present-day Tamil Nadu and parts of 32664: 31987:Tamil Nadu Transmission Corporation (TANTRANSCO) 31897:Tamil Nadu Overseas Manpower Corporation (TNOMC) 31767:Tamil Nadu Skill Development Corporation (TNSDC) 31732:New Tirupur Area Development Corporation (NTADC) 28425:Tamil Nadu Transmission Corporation (TANTRANSCO) 28335:Tamil Nadu Overseas Manpower Corporation (TNOMC) 28205:Tamil Nadu Skill Development Corporation (TNSDC) 28175:New Tirupur Area Development Corporation (NTADC) 25820:"Chennai City to stay at Kovai for next 5 years" 25203:"Fide offers 2013 World Chess C'ship to Chennai" 25076: 24995: 22660:. Chennai Metro Rail Limited. 19 November 2015. 19599:State-wise Pattern of Land Use - Gross Sown Area 18631:"A silent SaaS revolution is brewing in Chennai" 17687: 16809:Bezbaruah, Madan Prasad; Gopal, Krishna (2003). 16763:. New Jersey: Abhinav Publications. p. 43. 16722:Rhythm in Joy: Classical Indian Dance Traditions 16052: 15663: 11024:. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 204. 10389: 10266:"Map of Sri Lanka with Palk Strait and Palk Bay" 9859:. Working Committee of the Congress. p. 11. 9294: 8624: 8428:. South Indian History Congress. pp. 28–34. 7078:is headquartered at Chennai. There are also 496 5497:is an annual music festival devoted to composer 5427:is a festival of lights that is observed on the 4514:are spoken by foreign expatriates in the state. 2443:eruption, which occurred towards the end of the 1646:. From 300 CE, the region was ruled by the 32562:Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University (TNDALU) 32325:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Sugar Federation (TNCU) 32073:Tamil Nadu Livestock Development Agency (TNLDA) 31952:Tamil Nadu State Marketing Corporation (TASMAC) 31932:Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation (TANSI) 31872:Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation (TNMSC) 31802:Tamil Nadu Film Development Corporation (TNFDC) 31757:Tamil Nadu Arasu Cable TV Corporation (TNACTCL) 29000:Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University (TNDALU) 28763:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Sugar Federation (TNCU) 28511:Tamil Nadu Livestock Development Agency (TNLDA) 28390:Tamil Nadu State Marketing Corporation (TASMAC) 28370:Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation (TANSI) 28310:Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation (TNMSC) 28240:Tamil Nadu Film Development Corporation (TNFDC) 28195:Tamil Nadu Arasu Cable TV Corporation (TNACTCL) 25336:". In Mackenzie, Colin; Finkel, Irving (eds.). 24271:"Connemara library's online catalogue launched" 21416: 19548:. New Delhi: Chronicle Books. pp. 110–143. 19451:"Seven new defence companies carved out of OFB" 19248:"Brief Industrial Profile of Tiruppur district" 17941: 17863: 17129:"Torching prejudice through gumption and Gaana" 17012:Jeff Todd Titon; Svanibor Pettan, eds. (2015). 16114: 15927:The Bhakti Movement: Renaissance or Revivalism? 15852: 14041:"'Telugu Speaking People in TN are Not Aliens'" 13471: 12866:"Women police personnel face bias, says report" 12023:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T15954A163991139.en 11876:"Nilgiri tahr population over 3,000: WWF-India" 11742:"Migratory birds flock to Vettangudi Sanctuary" 11452: 10647:. Amateur Seismic Centre, Pune. 30 March 2007. 10509:. Indian Journal of Earth Sciences. p. 21. 8992: 8781:. Chennai: Oxford University Press. p. 44. 8423: 7390:in Chennai, one of the oldest cricketing venues 6552:The rail network in Tamil Nadu forms a part of 5037:of the Dravidian style. They are topped by the 4474:in South-eastern Tamil Nadu. It is part of the 4364:Distribution of languages in Tamil Nadu (2011) 2653:. Common plant species include the state tree: 2275:traverse along the western border of Tamil Nadu 1921:several times and defeated the Nawab after the 1429:is used in other Sangam era literature such as 32411:Tamil Nadu Market Management Committee (TNMMC) 32345:Tamil Nadu State Apex Co-operative Bank (TNSC) 32219:Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board (TNSW-TB) 32028:Advisory body, National Security Advisor (NSA) 31967:Tamil Nadu Tea Plantation Corporation (TANTEA) 31792:Tamil Nadu Ex-Servicemen's Corporation (TEXCO) 31737:Pallavan Transport Consultancy Services (PTCS) 28849:Tamil Nadu Market Management Committee (TNMMC) 28783:Tamil Nadu State Apex Co-operative Bank (TNSC) 28657:Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board (TNSW-TB) 28466:Advisory body, National Security Advisor (NSA) 28405:Tamil Nadu Tea Plantation Corporation (TANTEA) 28230:Tamil Nadu Ex-Servicemen's Corporation (TEXCO) 28180:Pallavan Transport Consultancy Services (PTCS) 22634:. Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. 21294: 20020:"Tamil Nadu fisheries department, Aquaculture" 18175:"Tamil Nadu the most urbanised State says EPS" 17864:Spagnoli, Cathy; Samanna, Paramasivam (1999). 17718:The art of rice: spirit and sustenance in Asia 17014:The Oxford Handbook of Applied Ethnomusicology 16908:Bhargava, Gopal K.; Shankarlal, Bhatt (2006). 16808: 16506:"Art Deco Style Remains, But Elements Missing" 16335:"Which Tamil Nadu temple is the state emblem?" 16262:. New York: John Wiley and Sons. p. 253. 16237:. New York: John Wiley and Sons. p. 762. 15486:"The Benefits of Eating Food on Banana Leaves" 12478: 11977:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12559A17951402.en 10621:(Report). Global Development Research Center. 9925:"Subramania Bharati: The poet and the patriot" 9082:Political history of Carnatic under the Nawabs 8999:. Hyderabad: Andhra Pradesh Sahithya Akademi. 8846: 8711:. New Delhi: Penguin Books. pp. 364–365. 8273: 5577:(US$ 26 billion) in 2004. The per-capita 5471:'s life-sustaining properties. The worship of 5349:, a traditional bull taming event held during 5073:with an image of a Gopuram on the background. 4747:are unique foods that have been recognised as 3311:which consist of 17,680 revenue villages. The 3206: 1528:Sangam period (5th century BCE–3rd century CE) 1399:refers to the area of present-day Tamil Nadu, 32436:Tamil Nadu State Commission for Women (TNSCW) 32204:Tamil Nadu Teachers Recruitment Board (TNTRB) 32149:Tamil Nadu Electrical Licensing Board (TNELB) 32113:Transplant Authority of Tamil Nadu (TRANSTAN) 31787:Tamil Nadu Civil Supplies Corporation (TNCSC) 31722:Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu (ELCOT) 31677: 31576:Planning, Development and Special Initiatives 31402: 29080: 28874:Tamil Nadu State Commission for Women (TNSCW) 28642:Tamil Nadu Teachers Recruitment Board (TNTRB) 28587:Tamil Nadu Electrical Licensing Board (TNELB) 28551:Transplant Authority of Tamil Nadu (TRANSTAN) 28225:Tamil Nadu Civil Supplies Corporation (TNCSC) 28165:Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu (ELCOT) 28058:Planning, Development and Special Initiatives 28038:Mudalvarin Mugavari (Chief Minister's office) 28003:Industries, Investment Promotion and Commerce 27562: 27045: 27021: 26753: 26144: 25633:"McGrath takes charge of MRF Pace Foundation" 22573:(Report). Indian Railways—Southern Railways. 20048: 18483:"Chennai emerging as India's Silicon Valley?" 18026:Tourism in Tamil Nadu: Growth and Development 17366:After Empire: The Birth of a Multipolar World 16872:Masks and Performance with Everyday Materials 16390: 15106: 14203:"Why Oriyas find Chennai warm and hospitable" 13472:Ramana, M. V.; Reddy, C., Rammanohar (2003). 13057: 13055: 11415:. Global Environment Facility. 5 April 2001. 10919:. National Geographic Society. Archived from 10864:(1st ed.). University Press of Florida. 10862:El Niño in History: Storming Through the Ages 10084:. Deep & Deep Publications. p. 105. 9643:History of Modern India:1707 A.D. to 2000 A.D 9362: 9295:Thilakavathy, M.; Maya, R. K. (5 June 2019). 8874:Gilmartin, David; Lawrence, Bruce B. (2000). 8853:. Oxford University Press. pp. 281–282. 8454:Iḷacai Cuppiramaṇiyapiḷḷai Muttucāmi (1994). 7675:Gross State Domestic Product (Current Prices) 7155:is one of the oldest and is amongst the four 7104:is one of the oldest and is amongst the four 6380:Map indicating Highways network of Tamil Nadu 6185:operational onshore wind farms in the world. 5747:Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation 5658:(US$ 6.9 billion). Established in 2000, 5279:in Chennai, the second oldest museum in India 4836:Tamil grammar consists of five parts, namely 3567:and ensured the selection of Prime Ministers 3501:with a crime rate of 22 per 100,000 in 2018. 2496:. Pictured is the monsoon onset map of India. 1890:were the most prominent. They introduced the 32557:Tamil Nadu District Environmental Laboratory 32461:Tamil Nadu State Election Commission (TNSEC) 32421:Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (TNPSC) 32209:Tamil Nadu Narikuravar Welfare Board (TNNWB) 31902:Tamil Nadu Police Housing Corporation (TNPH) 28995:Tamil Nadu District Environmental Laboratory 28899:Tamil Nadu State Election Commission (TNSEC) 28859:Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (TNPSC) 28647:Tamil Nadu Narikuravar Welfare Board (TNNWB) 28340:Tamil Nadu Police Housing Corporation (TNPH) 26991:Autonomous administrative divisions of India 23531:"987 out of over 11000 private schools shut" 20053:. Education Development Centre. p. 14. 19381:"Poll code set to hit wet grinders business" 19058:U.S. International Trade Commission (2007). 18480: 17836: 17809: 17776: 16002: 15977: 15388:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 14763:"How Mandarin has become crucial in Chennai" 14649: 14553: 13476:. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan. p. 169. 13115:"75 years of carrying the legacy of Periyar" 12796:"Tamil Nadu Police-Organizational structure" 11909:Indian National Studbook of Nilgiri Langur ( 11442:. Chennai: Superintendent, Government Press. 10943:"South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests" 10913:"South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests" 10770:Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation 10765:"Climate Zones and Types: The Köppen System" 10762: 10457:. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. p. 546. 9148:. Madras: K. R. Subramanian. pp. 52–53. 9057:Battles of the Honourable East India Company 8200:Social and Cultural History of Ancient India 7128:in the state. Research institutes including 6890:. The region comes under the purview of the 6426: 6421: 6299:is available via various private operators. 6143:, the largest nuclear power station in India 4727:are popular breakfast dishes in Tamil Nadu. 4450:(1.01%) and other languages (1.24%) Various 3050:. There are five crocodile farms located at 1772:at its greatest extent, during the reign of 1283:with gross state domestic product (GSDP) of 32466:Tamil Nadu State Finance Commission (TNSFC) 32310:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Societies (Housing) 32103:Tamil Nadu Fire and Rescue Services (TNFRS) 32063:Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) 31957:Tamil Nadu State Wide Area Network (TNSWAN) 31917:Tamil Nadu Road Development Company (TNRDC) 31526:Information Technology and Digital Services 28904:Tamil Nadu State Finance Commission (TNSFC) 28748:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Societies (Housing) 28541:Tamil Nadu Fire and Rescue Services (TNFRS) 28501:Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) 28395:Tamil Nadu State Wide Area Network (TNSWAN) 28355:Tamil Nadu Road Development Company (TNRDC) 28008:Information Technology and Digital Services 25941:. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 184. 23495:School education department, policy 2023-24 23357: 22831:Britain's Imperial Air Routes, 1918 to 1939 21417:Narayana, Velcheru; Shulman, David (2002). 18083:"Chennai Sangamam to return after a decade" 17779:"Governor clears ordinance on 'jallikattu'" 17655:. Bharathi Puthakalayam. pp. 751–752. 17599: 15438:. Crabtree Publishing Company. p. 29. 15086:. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Incorporated. 14171:"Sindhis to usher in new year with fanfare" 13921: 12381: 11952:Singh, M.; Kumar, A.; Kumara, H.N. (2020). 11486:"Bio-Diversity and Wild Life in Tamil Nadu" 11437: 11237:(Report). Ecological Restoration Alliance. 11108:Assessment of Recent Droughts in Tamil Nadu 11020:Rohli, Robert V.; Vega, Anthony J. (2007). 9857:The History of the Indian National Congress 9854: 9801:. Oxford University Press. pp. 23–25. 9143: 9104: 8966:Politics and Social Conflict in South India 8458:. Makkal Ilakkia Publications. p. 137. 8438: 8426:Proceedings of the Second Annual Conference 8384: 7231:in the Palani hills. There are a number of 6825:aircraft carrying air mail from Karachi to 6514:State Express Transport Corporation Limited 5647:As of 2022, the state is amongst the major 4454:of Tamil are spoken across regions such as 3480:and has a bench at Madurai since 2004. The 2492:Tamil Nadu gets most of the rains from the 1800:, and increased Chola influence across the 1663:were written during the era. Tamil classic 32688:States and territories established in 1950 32184:Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) 32053:Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) 31684: 31670: 31486:Handlooms, Handicrafts, Textiles and Khadi 31466:Co-operation, Food and Consumer Protection 31409: 31395: 29087: 29073: 28622:Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) 28491:Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) 27968:Handlooms, Handicrafts, Textiles and Khadi 27948:Co-operation, Food and Consumer Protection 27569: 27555: 27052: 27038: 26760: 26746: 26151: 26137: 22018: 22016: 21255: 21166:(Report). Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, 20717:"India's 1st undersea cable network ready" 19629:State-wise Production of Foodgrains - Rice 19349:"Poor sales hit pump unit owners, workers" 18816: 18783: 17816:. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 22. 17401: 16746:The Handbook of Tamil Culture and Heritage 16571:. Wesleyan University Press. p. 140. 16480:Henry Irwin, Architect in India, 1841–1922 16220:History of Indian and Eastern Architecture 16160:Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies 15413:. Biodiversity International. p. 84. 14844:"LGBT community in city sees sign of hope" 14624: 14556:"Diglossia and Tamil varieties in Chennai" 13152:"Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu since 1920" 13052: 12863: 12101:"R. N. Ravi is new Governor of Tamil Nadu" 10396:. Asian Educational Service. p. 417. 9452:"Madras Miscellany: When Pondy was wasted" 9323: 8900: 8644:. Numismatic Society of India. p. 34. 8197: 8157:Jesudasan, Dennis S. (20 September 2019). 7735: 7733: 7654:The Tamil Nadu Official Language Act, 1956 7364:are traditional sporting events involving 7202:Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation 7062:is a premier institute of engineering and 6548:is the only metro operational in the state 6021:plants including the country's largest at 6015:Chennai MetroWater Supply and Sewage Board 4941:and writings and poems by authors such as 4889:literature became prominent following the 4652:A traditional meal served on a banana leaf 4295:in the state with 6.1% of the population; 3884:List of cities in Tamil Nadu by population 3425:was constituted on 1 March 1952 after the 1103:Located on the south-eastern coast of the 32552:Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) 32007:Tamil Nadu Warehousing Corporation (TNWC) 31797:Tamil Nadu Fibrenet Corporation (TAFINET) 31631:Tourism, Culture and Religious Endowments 31561:Municipal Administration and Water Supply 28990:Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) 28445:Tamil Nadu Warehousing Corporation (TNWC) 28235:Tamil Nadu Fibrenet Corporation (TAFINET) 28113:Tourism, Culture and Religious Endowments 28043:Municipal Administration and Water Supply 25727:"Indian Super League: The Southern Derby" 25695:"Chennai home to IPL final again in 2012" 24964: 23875:All India Council for Technical Education 23868:AICTE Approved Institutions in Tamil Nadu 23136:Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways 22282: 22280: 22278: 20547: 18120:. Wesleyan University Press. p. 78. 18002:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 131. 17995: 17803: 17036: 16986: 16946: 16233:Ching, Francis D.K.; et al. (2007). 16217: 15698: 15666:"Lost Land and the Myth of Kumari Kandam" 15636: 15598: 15185: 15183: 15056: 14567: 13947:"The magic of melting pot called Chennai" 13346: 12994:Crime in India 2019 - Statistics Volume 1 12829:Tamil Nadu Police-Policy document 2023-24 12760:Tamil Nadu Police-Policy document 2023-24 12484:Introduction to the Constitution of India 12359: 12021: 11975: 11480: 11478: 11476: 11474: 11472: 11470: 11468: 11466: 11464: 11320:Biodiversity, Tamil Nadu Dept. of Forests 11019: 10220:Chambers's Concise Gazetteer of the World 9159:Bhosle, Pratap Sinh Serfoji Raje (2017). 9079: 8930:A Social History of the Deccan, 1300–1761 8777:Aiyangar, Sakkottai Krishnaswami (1921). 8659:. Harvard University Press. p. 104. 8473:. Affiliated East-West Press. p. 53. 8156: 7167: 7038:, one of the oldest universities in India 6959:Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways 6411: 6211:in 1785. It was followed by the weeklies 5814:, headquartered in Chennai, manufactures 4632:by the Government of India in 2005–2006. 4179: 3890:List of towns in Tamil Nadu by population 2755:, an endangered animal found only in the 32587:Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University 32406:Tamil Nadu Information Commission (TNIC) 32381:Tamil Nadu AIDS Control Society (TSAIDS) 32305:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Societies (TNCS) 31972:Tamil Nadu Text Book Corporation (TNTBC) 31727:Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) 31451:Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries 29025:Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University 28844:Tamil Nadu Information Commission (TNIC) 28819:Tamil Nadu AIDS Control Society (TSAIDS) 28743:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Societies (TNCS) 28410:Tamil Nadu Text Book Corporation (TNTBC) 28170:Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) 27933:Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries 26948:Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 25934: 25817: 25200: 24236: 24115:(Report). Planning Commission of India. 23694: 23692: 23465:"Quality of Primary Education in States" 23039:"Organisation of Southern Naval Command" 21105:Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research 21023:Installed power capacity:Southern region 20798: 20796: 20616:"The medical capital's place in history" 20261:Households access to safe drinking water 19557: 19555: 19546:India in Space, Science & Technology 17867:Jasmine and Coconuts: South Indian Tales 17715:Roy W. Hamilton; Aurora Ammayao (2003). 17605: 17312:Bureau, Our Regional (25 January 2006). 17159:"CM moots a global arts fest in Chennai" 17016:. Oxford University Press. p. 370. 16758: 16655: 16569:Global Soundtracks: Worlds of Film Music 16282: 16226: 16156:"Bharathiyar Who Impressed Bharatidasan" 16083: 15061:. New York: Shakti Press International. 13438: 13181:Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). 13086: 11387:Sacratees, J.; Karthigarani, R. (2008). 11232:South Western Ghats montane rain forests 11167: 11165: 10859: 10116: 9882:(1–3). University of California: 14–18. 9821: 9708: 9624: 9324:Frykenberg, Robert Eric (26 June 2008). 9161:Contributions of Thanjavur Maratha Kings 9084:. Abhinav Publications. pp. 43–79. 9054: 8776: 8654: 8639: 8314:, the Keralaputras, as far as Tamraparni 7739: 7513:sports in Chennai. Inaugurated in 1990, 7382: 7281: 7177: 7118:National Institutional Ranking Framework 7096: 7030: 6847: 6790: 6540: 6529: 6468: 6375: 6307:was established in 1938. There are many 6201:, India's largest private TV broadcaster 6192: 6135: 6037: 6033: 6030:and effluent discharge from industries. 5961: 5941:farming across more than 6000 hectares. 5841: 5729: 5651:(IT) exporters of India with a value of 5628: 5391: 5341: 5271: 5145: 5104:influence later gave rise to a blend of 4982: 4758: 4647: 4570: 4287:is followed by 87.6% of the population. 3824:amongst states. As per the 2011 census, 3596:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3519:Elections in India are conducted by the 3460: 3417:with 54 to 56 members in July 1937. The 3346: 2974: 2849: 2747: 2599:South Western Ghats montane rain forests 2589:are found along the Western Ghats while 2571: 2487: 2479: 2267: 2259: 2068: 1978:. On 20 August 1639, Francis Day of the 1931: 1763: 1678: 1531: 500:130,058 km (50,216 sq mi) 32471:Tamil Nadu State Health Society (TNSHS) 32214:Tamil Nadu Traders Welfare Board (TTWB) 32194:Tamil Nadu Social Welfare Board (TNSWB) 32189:Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board (TNSCB) 32164:Tamil Nadu Labour Welfare Board (TNLWB) 31842:Tamil Nadu Industrial Explosives (TNIE) 28909:Tamil Nadu State Health Society (TNSHS) 28652:Tamil Nadu Traders Welfare Board (TTWB) 28632:Tamil Nadu Social Welfare Board (TNSWB) 28627:Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board (TNSCB) 28602:Tamil Nadu Labour Welfare Board (TNLWB) 28280:Tamil Nadu Industrial Explosives (TNIE) 26005: 25571:"International cricket venues in India" 24733: 23462: 23291: 22935: 22933: 22558: 22556: 22401: 22399: 22013: 21756: 21697: 21391: 20646: 19893: 18356: 18354: 18140: 17902: 17648: 16971: 16788:. New York: AMS Press. pp. 13–15. 16724:. New Delhi: Lustre Press. p. 29. 16139: 16007:. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 18–. 15952: 15736: 15569: 15111:. New York: Columbia University Press. 14489: 14487: 14011:Population by religion community – 2011 13929:Population by religion community – 2011 13653: 13651: 13030:"Setup of Election Commission of India" 12397:. Chennai. 2 April 2003. Archived from 10602: 10484:. Chennai: S.P.C.K. Press. p. 30. 10217: 10149: 10077: 9523:"Seven Years' War: Battle of Wandiwash" 9369:. Helicon publishing Ltd. p. 277. 8794:Ancient Indian History and Civilization 8779:South India and her Muhammadan Invaders 8508: 8468: 8456:Tamil Culture as Revealed in Tirukkural 7730: 7300:which is the state game of Tamil Nadu. 7148:are involved in agricultural research. 6636:along with various maintenance depots. 4555: 3563:, who led the party after the death of 1954:arrived in 1522 and built a port named 1914:, who defeated the Madurai Nayaks. The 1638:being the most prized goods along with 1205:region was inhabited by Tamil-speaking 1159:to the north, and encloses part of the 14: 32665: 32098:Tamil Nadu e-Governance Agency (TNeGA) 31942:Tamil Nadu Southern Structurals (TNSS) 31892:Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers (TNPL) 31772:Tamil Nadu Cement Corporation (TANCEM) 28536:Tamil Nadu e-Governance Agency (TNeGA) 28380:Tamil Nadu Southern Structurals (TNSS) 28330:Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers (TNPL) 28210:Tamil Nadu Cement Corporation (TANCEM) 25916:from the original on 21 September 2023 25422: 25331: 25240:. Reference Publications. p. 60. 25201:Nandanan, Hari Hara (21 August 2011). 24572: 24524:from the original on 22 September 2023 24438: 24436: 24110:Working group committee on agriculture 24030:from the original on 22 September 2023 23700:Higher education policy report 2023-24 23273:from the original on 21 September 2023 22828: 22384:from the original on 16 September 2023 22275: 22133: 22131: 22129: 22056: 21931:. 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Rare and unique plant life includes 2378:(2,636 m (8,648 ft)) in the 2184:in 1947, the Madras Presidency became 1816:style with the most notable being the 1757:were finally defeated by Chola prince 1292:(US$ 280 billion), making it the 189:Vāymaiyē vellum (Truth alone triumphs) 32683:States and union territories of India 32416:Tamil Nadu Planning Commission (TNPC) 32330:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Union (TNCST) 31977:Tamil Nadu Textile Corporation (TNTC) 31742:Poompuhar Shipping Corporation (PSCL) 31665: 31390: 29068: 28854:Tamil Nadu Planning Commission (TNPC) 28768:Tamil Nadu Co-operative Union (TNCST) 28415:Tamil Nadu Textile Corporation (TNTC) 28185:Poompuhar Shipping Corporation (PSCL) 27550: 27059: 27033: 27020: 26996:Proposed states and union territories 26769:States and union territories of India 26741: 26132: 26020:from the original on 21 December 2016 25844: 25515:"Top 10 Most Popular Sports in India" 25447:from the original on 2 September 2023 25404:from the original on 25 December 2023 25302: 25104: 24876:from the original on 19 December 2008 24810:"Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram" 24790:from the original on 23 December 2023 24760:from the original on 23 December 2023 24683:from the original on 22 December 2023 24653:from the original on 22 December 2023 24623:from the original on 22 December 2023 24554:from the original on 22 December 2023 24395:from the original on 30 November 2023 24251:from the original on 27 February 2021 24237:Venkatsh, M. 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Leiden: Brill. pp. 11–12. 7126:institutes of national importance 6366: 6355:Fire services are handled by the 5952: 5698:in 1921 which in 1955 became the 5353:festivities, attracts huge crowds 5241:that is often accompanied by the 4802:records found on rock edicts and 4582:Tamil women traditionally wear a 3211: 3034:, Kurumpampatti Wildlife Park in 2283:, Tamil Nadu is straddled by the 1982:met with the Vijayanager emperor 1923:Siege of Trichinopoly (1751-1752) 1143:of the peninsula, with the river 1107:, Tamil Nadu is straddled by the 32650: 32638: 32542:Mother Teresa Women's University 32396:Tamil Nadu Hajj Commiitee (TNHC) 32169:Tamil Nadu Maritime Board (TNMB) 31693: 31621:Special Programme Implementation 31418: 29096: 28980:Mother Teresa Women's University 28834:Tamil Nadu Hajj Commiitee (TNHC) 28607:Tamil Nadu Maritime Board (TNMB) 28103:Special Programme Implementation 27578: 27487:Monuments of National Importance 26722: 26250: 26160: 26113: 26063: 26035: 25999: 25967: 25955:from the original on 3 June 2024 25928: 25902: 25870: 25858:from the original on 13 May 2023 25811: 25781: 25749: 25719: 25687: 25655: 25625: 25613:from the original on 11 May 2024 25595: 25583:from the original on 29 May 2023 25563: 25551:from the original on 5 July 2023 25533: 25507: 25492: 25459: 25416: 25386: 25354: 25340:. Asia Society. pp. 46–57. 25325: 25296: 25284:from the original on 3 June 2024 25266: 25227: 25194: 25164: 25140:"Chennai: India's chess capital" 25131: 25098: 25070: 25048:"Kabaddi gets the IPL treatment" 25040: 25014: 24989: 24958: 24928: 24888: 24858: 24832: 24802: 24772: 24742: 24727: 24695: 24665: 24635: 24605: 24593:from the original on 3 June 2024 24566: 24536: 24488:from the original on 8 June 2021 24468: 24456:from the original on 3 June 2024 24421:from the original on 3 June 2024 24407: 24375: 24349: 24321: 24295: 24263: 24230: 24194: 24164: 24134: 24102: 24072: 24042: 24006: 23976: 23964:from the original on 15 May 2018 23950: 23928: 23896: 23860: 23824: 23792: 23760: 23728: 23667: 23641: 23615: 23585: 23555: 23523: 23487: 23456: 23426: 23394: 23351: 23339:from the original on 1 July 2023 23312: 23285: 23249: 23217: 23187: 23161: 23121: 23091: 23061: 23031: 23019:from the original on 28 May 2022 23001: 22965: 22894: 22858: 22847: 22822: 22792: 22756: 22728: 22702: 22676: 22650: 22592: 22580:from the original on 30 May 2012 22541:from the original on 6 June 2023 22527: 22515:from the original on 6 June 2023 22497: 22461: 22435: 22370: 22312: 22235: 22199: 22165: 22153:from the original on 1 June 2023 22114:from the original on 1 June 2023 22092: 21983: 21947: 21921: 21896: 21884:from the original on 7 July 2015 21870: 21858:from the original on 5 July 2015 21839: 21827:from the original on 7 July 2015 21809: 21777: 21750: 21724: 21691: 21659: 21627: 21601: 21571: 21545: 21509: 21473: 21437: 21410: 21385: 21355: 21343:from the original on 3 June 2024 21325: 21288: 21249: 21217: 21186: 21156: 21126: 21081: 21051: 20982: 20960:Per-capita availability of power 20952: 20922: 20892: 20860: 20828: 20767: 20751:. Business Wire. 16 April 2012. 20741: 20709: 20679: 20640: 20608: 20576: 20564:from the original on 23 May 2021 20523: 20487: 20451: 20415: 20349: 20319: 20283: 20253: 20227: 20193: 20159: 20129: 20104: 20042: 20012: 19982: 19946: 19916: 19887: 19861: 19831: 19819:from the original on 3 June 2024 19801: 19771: 19741: 19711: 19681: 19651: 19621: 19591: 19543: 19537: 19525:from the original on 14 May 2023 19504: 19473: 19443: 19403: 19373: 19361:from the original on 4 June 2015 19341: 19329:from the original on 3 June 2024 19309: 19276: 19240: 19210: 19180: 19150: 19120: 19090: 19051: 19021: 18987: 18975:from the original on 3 June 2024 18955: 18923: 18891: 18865: 18843: 18810: 18777: 18746: 18734:from the original on 1 July 2014 18713: 18687: 18655: 18643:from the original on 15 May 2020 18623: 18597: 18565: 18533: 18507: 18474: 18444: 18414: 18384: 18372:from the original on 29 May 2023 18321: 18309:from the original on 3 June 2024 18297:"Making Tamil Nadu future ready" 18289: 18259: 18229: 18199: 18167: 18143:Economic Growth in Indian States 18141:Krishna, K.L. (September 2004). 18134: 18107: 18075: 18043: 18016: 17989: 17964: 17935: 17896: 17857: 17830: 17791:from the original on 20 May 2023 17770: 17747: 17708: 17681: 17642: 17530: 17498: 17466: 17434: 17395: 17356: 17305: 17273: 17241: 17211: 17183: 17151: 17120: 17090: 17030: 17005: 16980: 16965: 16940: 16901: 16889:from the original on 3 June 2024 16862: 16827: 16802: 16777: 16752: 16738: 16713: 16688: 16676:from the original on 3 July 2023 16649: 16624: 16612:from the original on 3 June 2024 16598:. Orient Blackswan. p. 66. 16585: 16560: 16528: 16498: 16468: 16433: 16421:from the original on 5 July 2019 16384: 16359: 16327: 16276: 16251: 16235:A Global History of Architecture 16211: 16148: 16133: 16108: 16096:from the original on 4 July 2014 16077: 16046: 16021: 15996: 15971: 15946: 15918: 15893: 15881:from the original on 3 June 2024 15846: 15834:from the original on 9 June 2007 15816: 15773: 15730: 15692: 15670:Indian Folklore Research Journal 15657: 15630: 15563: 15533: 15515:Achaya, K.T. (1 November 2003). 15508: 15478: 15466:from the original on 31 May 2023 15452: 15427: 15402: 15377: 15344: 15314: 15284: 15213: 15150: 15125: 15100: 15075: 15050: 15020: 14990: 14978:from the original on 7 June 2021 14960: 14948:from the original on 26 May 2022 14931: 14898: 14868: 14835: 14803: 14779: 14754: 14697: 14672: 14643: 14625:Southworth, Franklin C. (2005). 14618: 14588: 14547: 14517: 14454: 14422: 14390: 14360: 14325: 14293: 14259: 14247:from the original on 9 June 2018 14227: 14195: 14163: 14129: 14097: 14065: 14033: 13971: 13939: 13866:from the original on 13 May 2023 13792:Sub-national HDI – Area Database 13772:from the original on 4 June 2023 13748: 13712: 13684: 13588: 13550:from the original on 4 June 2023 13526: 13490: 13465: 13432: 13399: 13367: 13308: 13276: 13240: 13203: 13174: 13107: 13080: 13022: 13010:from the original on 28 May 2022 12986: 12950: 12914: 12888: 12857: 12788: 12752: 12722: 12677:from the original on 3 June 2024 12653: 12641:from the original on 3 June 2024 12623: 12591: 12530: 12504: 12472: 12451:Chapter I, Constitution of India 12443: 12413: 12353: 12317: 12219: 12189: 12177:from the original on 24 May 2024 12157: 12125: 12093: 12063: 12037: 11991: 11945: 11900: 11868: 11852:Daroji-an ecological destination 11843: 11828: 11798: 11766: 11734: 11693: 11631: 11592: 11560: 11534: 11504: 11446: 11431: 11405: 11380: 11348: 11312: 11286: 11256: 11224: 11195: 11126: 11100: 11074: 11038: 11013: 10987: 10961: 10935: 10904: 10892:from the original on 21 May 2024 10878: 10853: 10821: 10791: 10756: 10720: 10690: 10663: 10637: 10611: 10596: 10545: 10533:from the original on 3 June 2024 10513: 10507:Indian Journal of Earth Sciences 10498: 10434:from the original on 2 July 2019 10298:"Kanyakumari alias Cape Comorin" 10152:Economic Growth in Indian States 10150:Krishna, K.L. (September 2004). 9660:from the original on 3 June 2024 9533:from the original on 18 May 2015 9503:from the original on 3 June 2024 9450:S., Muthiah (21 November 2010). 9439:. Harper Collins. p. 31-36. 9383:from the original on 3 June 2024 9344:from the original on 3 June 2024 9305:from the original on 3 June 2024 8572:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 8523:10.1002/9781119399919.eahaa00499 8484:Sastri, K.A. Nilakanta (2002) . 8326:Neelakanta Sastri, K.A. (1955). 8300:from the original on 11 May 2011 8179:from the original on 3 June 2024 7718:from the original on 3 June 2024 7521:, a Formula 3 Category circuit. 6786: 6086: 5725: 5443:months of November or December. 4002: 3992: 3965: 3955: 3468:, the highest judicial authority 3456: 3437:in Chennai. The state elects 39 2789:Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve 2176:Post-Independence (1947–present) 1543:(500 BCE–300 CE) 1084:, Tamil Nadu is the home of the 1000: 965: 856: 793: 792: 767: 766: 698: 697: 667: 666: 260: 209: 154: 107: 96: 89: 78: 71: 60: 32567:Tamil Nadu Fisheries University 32154:Tamil Nadu Housing Board (TNHB) 31596:Revenue and Disaster Management 31441:Adi Dravidar and Tribal Welfare 29005:Tamil Nadu Fisheries University 28592:Tamil Nadu Housing Board (TNHB) 28078:Revenue and Disaster Management 27923:Adi Dravidar and Tribal Welfare 26711:Revenue divisions in Tamil Nadu 25338:Asian Games: The Art of Contest 22139:"Tamil Nadu highways, about us" 21700:"AIR Chennai's 80-year journey" 21297:"The Story of the Indian Press" 21262:. South Asia Books. p. 4. 20693:. 8 August 2011. Archived from 20327:Swachh Bharat Mission dashboard 19749:State-wise Production of Fruits 19511:Pubby, Manu (12 October 2021). 18611:from the original on 6 May 2021 18329:Industrial potential in Chennai 18117:Balasaraswati: Her Art and Life 18114:Knight, Douglas M. Jr. (2010). 17840:Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide 17191:"For a solid grounding in arts" 16951:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 4–5. 16875:. Tara Publishing. p. 37. 14629:. Routledge. pp. 129–132. 12360:Sriram V. (29 September 2013). 11053:India Meteorological Department 10888:. Indian Institute of Science. 10708:from the original on 1 May 2015 10481:The Nilgiri Guide And Directory 10471: 10446: 10420: 10383: 10316: 10290: 10258: 10226: 10211: 10143: 10110: 10071: 10039: 10018:States Reorganisation Act, 1956 10010: 9981: 9949: 9917: 9863: 9848: 9836:from the original on 9 May 2021 9822:Kolappan, B. (22 August 2013). 9815: 9788: 9776:from the original on 1 May 2015 9757: 9727: 9702: 9672: 9640:Radhey Shyam Chaurasia (2002). 9633: 9618: 9575: 9545: 9515: 9486:A global chronology of conflict 9476: 9464:from the original on 1 May 2023 9443: 9428: 9395: 9356: 9317: 9288: 9263: 9233: 9203: 9177: 9152: 9137: 9098: 9073: 9048: 9023: 8986: 8954: 8921: 8901:Srivastava, Kanhaiya L (1980). 8894: 8867: 8840: 8810: 8785: 8770: 8698: 8673: 8648: 8633: 8618: 8588: 8502: 8477: 8462: 8447: 8432: 8417: 8378: 8344: 8319: 8286: 8267: 8242: 8226:. National Geographic Society. 8216: 8191: 8150: 8118: 8086: 8055: 8025: 7998: 7966: 7934: 7908: 7896:from the original on 8 May 2024 7878: 7846: 7806:from the original on 8 May 2024 7658:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly 7328:. The state played host to the 7289:is the state game of Tamil Nadu 5957: 4972: 4478:and preserves many features of 3836:(SC) and 0.8 million (1.1%) to 3830:National Statistical Commission 3633: 3356:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly 1092:, one of the longest surviving 427:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly 215:Location of Tamil Nadu in India 32527:Madras Institute of Technology 29258:Shanmugha Rajeswara Sethupathi 29183:Shanmugha Rajeswara Sethupathi 28965:Madras Institute of Technology 26696:Districts in Tamil Nadu by HDI 24998:International Sport Management 24965:siddharth (31 December 2016). 20459:Health department, policy note 19839:"Production of Natural Rubber" 18817:Shivakumar, C. (8 June 2019). 18023:Pillai, S. Subramania (2019). 17843:. Penguin Books. p. 406. 17694:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 547–548. 17506:"Farewell to old cinema halls" 17369:. PublicAffairs. p. 248. 17223:Archaeological Survey of India 16914:. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. 16366:S.R. Balasubrahmanyam (1975). 14907:"A decade of Pride in Chennai" 14654:. Cambridge Language Surveys. 14560:Acta Linguistica Petropolitana 14430:"Deepavali, the expat edition" 14301:"A slice of Bengal in Chennai" 14267:"The Anglo-Indians of Chennai" 13850:Multidimensional Poverty Index 13474:Prisoners of the Nuclear Dream 13331:University of California Press 13093:University of California Press 12700:"History of Madras High Court" 12569:"History of state legislature" 12325:Statistical year book of India 12262:"Government units, Tamil Nadu" 11391:. APH Publishing. p. 10. 9855:Sitaramayya, Pattabhi (1935). 9301:. MJP Publisher. p. 583. 9298:Facets of Contemporary history 8970:University of California Press 7818: 7794:"History of Ancient Tamilakam" 7786: 7758: 7660:. 27 December 1956. p. 1. 7611: 7356:are played across the region. 7064:College of Engineering, Guindy 6170:Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant 5837: 5751:automotive industry in Chennai 5293:Archaeological Survey of India 4881:In the early medieval period, 4770:Tamil Nadu has an independent 4517: 4185:Religion in Tamil Nadu (2011) 3894:The capital of Chennai is the 3872:Multidimensional Poverty Index 3843:As of 2017, the state had the 3342: 3004:Central Zoo Authority of India 2819:. Bird sanctuaries, including 2773:Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve 2339:. It shares an international 2244: 2241:compared to national average. 1713:in the sixth century CE under 1495:Archaeological Survey of India 13: 1: 32048:National Health Mission (NHM) 31867:Tamil Nadu Magnesite (TANMAG) 31511:Housing and Urban Development 28486:National Health Mission (NHM) 28305:Tamil Nadu Magnesite (TANMAG) 27993:Housing and Urban Development 25975:"The view from the fast lane" 25910:"Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium" 25499:Raj, J. David Manuel (1977). 24508:India Tourism statistics-2021 24476:India Tourism Statistics 2020 23319:Sinha, Dipa (20 April 2016). 23069:"ENC Authorities & Units" 22800:"100 years of civil aviation" 22740:(TV). BBC. 21 February 2010. 22564:Brief History of the Division 22378:"Southern Railways, about us" 21734:. News on Air. 16 June 2002. 21304:Economic and Political Weekly 20291:Water resources of Tamil Nadu 20076:Water resources of Tamil Nadu 19990:State-wise Production of Eggs 19924:State-wise Production of Eggs 18029:. MJP Publisher. p. 14. 17402:Velayutham, Selvaraj (2008). 16784:Bowers, Faubion (June 1953). 16476:"Indo-saracenic Architecture" 16084:Kolappan, B. (22 June 2014). 16032:. Primus Books. p. 107. 15853:Giovanni Ciotti (June 2021). 15221:"Weaving through the threads" 15136:. Prentice Hall. p. 83. 12896:"Tamil Nadu, women in police" 12864:Rukmini S. (19 August 2015). 11389:Environment impact assessment 10799:"Farmers Guide, introduction" 8938:10.1017/CHOL9780521254847.006 8443:. Navrang, 1991. p. 233. 8296:. Colorado State University. 8033:"the eternal harappan script" 7566: 7330:World Chess Championship 2013 6945:There are three major ports, 6796:Chennai International Airport 4754: 4640:sari made in the Coimbatore. 4486:from other languages such as 4299:form 5.9% of the population. 3818:National Family Health Survey 3293:Indian Administrative Service 2952:. Tamil Nadu participates in 2920:, a marine national park and 2799:and mangroves. It is home to 2264:Topographic map of Tamil Nadu 1998:established trading posts at 1864: 1593:ruled over several tribes of 1167:. It shares an international 851:Symbols of Tamil Nadu 32693:1950 establishments in India 32244:Tamil Nadu Waqf Board (TNWB) 31701:State agencies of Tamil Nadu 31506:Home, Prohibition and Excise 28682:Tamil Nadu Waqf Board (TNWB) 27988:Home, Prohibition and Excise 26351: 25466:P., Anand (1 January 2024). 25105:Ninan, Susan (6 June 2020). 24866:"Mountain Railways of India" 24388:. Government of Tamil Nadu. 24359:. Government of Tamil Nadu. 23649:"Universities in Tamil Nadu" 22973:Regional Connectivity Scheme 22710:"Mountain Railways of India" 22605:(Report). Southern Railway. 22407:System map, Southern Railway 22207:Details of national highways 22100:Wings of Highways Department 21991:"History, Tamil Nadu circle" 21790:(Report). MRUC. p. 46. 21090:"Beyond PFBR to FBR 1 and 2" 20300:. p. 12. Archived from 18755:"200 years and going strong" 18753:Kumar, Shiv (26 June 2005). 17066:"An ode to Aadi and Ayyanar" 16947:Nijenhuis, Emmie te (1974). 16811:Fairs and Festivals of India 16544:. Chennai. 31 October 2014. 16536:"Chennai looks to the skies" 16258:Ching, Francis D.K. (1995). 15824:"Five fold grammar of Tamil" 15782:The Journal of Asian Studies 15739:The Journal of Asian Studies 14905:Menon, Priya (3 July 2021). 13087:Irschick, Eugene F. (1969). 13034:Election Commission of India 10645:"Tamil Nadu Hazard Zone map" 9584:The Journal of Asian Studies 9366:A short history of the world 9146:The Maratha Rajas of Tanjore 8792:Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999). 8748:"Great Living Chola Temples" 8469:Gopalan, Subramania (1979). 8330:. Oxford. pp. 125–127. 6980: 6181:. The latter is one of the 6149:Tamil Nadu Electricity Board 6061:Millennium Development Goals 5737:battle tank manufactured at 5487:(full moon) of the month of 5337: 4963:Indian Independence Movement 3521:Election Commission of India 3407:Government of India Act 1935 3403:Government of India Act 1919 3327:in the urban areas, and 385 3008:Arignar Anna Zoological Park 2885:Tamil Nadu Forest Department 2613:(including 1,559 species of 2510:tropical wet and dry climate 2249: 2142:Indian Independence movement 2115:Government of India Act 1858 1994:in the region. By 1693, the 1966:established a settlement in 1925:. This led to a short-lived 1874:in 1565 by a confederacy of 1650:, warriors belonging to the 1457:(5th to 6th century CE) and 1374: 984:List of Indian state symbols 974:State highway of Tamil Nadu 885:(Invocation to Mother Tamil) 863:Emblem of Tamil Nadu 539:2,636 m (8,648 ft) 204:(Invocation to Mother Tamil) 7: 32522:Institute of Road Transport 31882:Tamil Nadu Minerals (TAMIN) 31231:K. K. S. S. R. Ramachandran 30640:K. K. S. S. R. Ramachandran 29862:K. K. S. S. R. Ramachandran 29761:K. K. S. S. R. Ramachandran 28960:Institute of Road Transport 28320:Tamil Nadu Minerals (TAMIN) 27695:K. K. S. S. R. Ramachandran 26938:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 26118:Geographic data related to 23808:. Chennai. 27 August 2016. 23009:"Indian Air Force Commands" 22909:Airports Authority of India 22873:Airports Authority of India 22764:History of Indian Air Force 21757:Gilbert, Sean, ed. (2006). 21698:Muthiah, S. (21 May 2018). 21611:. Media Ownership Monitor. 21256:A. Ganesan (January 1988). 21088:Chetal, SC (January 2013). 20777:. Airtel. 24 January 2023. 20725:. Singapore. 8 April 2002. 20085:. p. 1. Archived from 19871:(Report). Teauction. 2002. 18853:. Jagran Josh. 31 July 2023 16662:. Oxford University Press. 16311:. Encyclopædia Britannica. 16003:P S Sundaram (3 May 2002). 15676:(4): 94-109. Archived from 15637:Ramaswamy, Sumathi (2004). 15057:Boulanger, Chantal (1997). 14596:"Several dialects of Tamil" 14398:"When Madras welcomed them" 13823:(Report). Global Data Lab. 13794:(Report). Global Data Lab. 12730:"Tamil Nadu Police-history" 12538:"Indian Councils Act, 1909" 11920:Wildlife Institute of India 11356:Biosphere Reserves in India 11203:Forest Survey of Tamil Nadu 11173:"Forest Wildlife resources" 10917:WildWorld Ecoregion Profile 10117:V. Shoba (14 August 2011). 9996:Madras Legislative Assembly 9483:Tucker, Spencer C. (2010). 9211:"Origin of the Name Madras" 9163:. Notion press. p. 3. 9144:Subramanian, K. R. (1928). 8294:"The Edicts of King Ashoka" 7740:Zvelebil, Kamil V. (1973). 7551:Chronology of Tamil history 7544: 7487:2005 Men's Champions Trophy 7483:Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium 7157:National Depository Centres 7106:National Depository Centres 6957:, which are managed by the 6315:radio stations operated by 6279:broadcasts terrestrial and 6093:undersea fibre-optic cables 5869:and is the top producer of 5682:, established in 2013, and 5624: 5451:star and dedicated to lord 4863: 4851: 4839: 4827: 4677:as a part of a Tamil meal. 4566: 4432:classical language of India 4356: 3809:seventh most populous state 3553:Chakravarti Rajagopalachari 3504: 3413:with the creation of a new 3337:Greater Chennai Corporation 3291:, who is an officer of the 3207:Administration and politics 3072:Madras Crocodile Bank Trust 3012:Madras Crocodile Bank Trust 2803:aquatic species, including 2568:List of birds of Tamil Nadu 2311:to the south-east, and the 1974:had their establishment in 1619:, a book of Tamil grammar. 1298:9th-highest GSDP per capita 1082:sixth largest by population 578:554.7/km (1,437/sq mi) 523:1,076 km (669 mi) 32:State in South India, India 10: 32719: 32532:Madurai Kamaraj University 32517:Dr. MGR Medical University 32401:Tamil Nadu Iamwarm Project 31516:Human Resources Management 28970:Madurai Kamaraj University 28955:Dr. MGR Medical University 28839:Tamil Nadu Iamwarm Project 27998:Human Resources Management 26427:Kaveri River water dispute 25935:Pletcher, Kenneth (2010). 25309:Greenwood Publishing Group 25022:"Pro Kabaddi League Teams" 24840:"Nilgiri Mountain Railway" 24613:"Tamil Nadu hill stations" 23960:. Madras Medical College. 23402:"Tamil Nadu: Midday Manna" 22684:"Nilgiri mountain railway" 22443:"Railways, plan your trip" 21955:Post offices of Tamil Nadu 21846:Romig, Rollo (July 2015). 19954:Agriculture allied sectors 19419:. PTI. 28 September 2021. 18607:. Crayon. 24 August 2018. 18362:Tamil Nadu Budget analysis 17948:University of Hawaii Press 17756:Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 16848:10.1177/006996677601000202 16218:Fergusson, James (1997) . 16140:Arooran, K. Nambi (1980). 15828:University of Pennsylvania 15460:"Serving on a banana leaf" 15359:. Reaktion Books. p. 15107:Parthasarathy, R. (1993). 14656:Cambridge University Press 14105:"Go Gujrati this navratri" 14073:"From Rajasthan with love" 11671:"Eight New Tiger Reserves" 10886:"Climate of Western Ghats" 10829:"India's heatwave tragedy" 10119:"Chennai says it in Hindi" 9404:Nagel's encyclopedia-guide 9247:. India. 6 November 2009. 8627:Asian Educational Services 8385:Chakrabarty, D.K. (2010). 7501:(founded in 1911) promote 7275: 7258:Great Living Chola Temples 7171: 6984: 6523: 6386:Road network in Tamil Nadu 6383: 5816:armoured fighting vehicles 5540: 5536: 5533:by artists from the city. 5139: 4979:Architecture of Tamil Nadu 4976: 4643: 4559: 4521: 4276: 3991: 3954: 3912: 3887: 3881: 3799:Demographics of Tamil Nadu 3796: 3508: 3490:Director General of Police 3421:of Madras state under the 3401:was set-up in 1921 by the 3399:Madras legislative council 3264: 2899:estuary in the south with 2690:, and blooming trees like 2605:in the world and a UNESCO 2561: 2475: 2429: 2253: 1980:British East India Company 1733:. They built the group of 1597:(peasants), headed by the 1546: 1474: 1470: 32484: 32368: 32257: 32121: 32020: 31822:Tamil Nadu Graphite (TNG) 31707: 31556:Mudalvarin Mugavari (CMO) 31491:Health and Family Welfare 31436: 31179: 31090:Udumalai K. Radhakrishnan 30998: 30770:Agri S. S. Krishnamoorthy 30723: 30548: 30328: 30185: 30014: 29909: 29791:V. N. Janaki Ramachandran 29769: 29629: 29530: 29438: 29354: 29296: 29268:S. S. Ramaswami Padayachi 29226: 29218:S. S. Ramaswami Padayachi 29188:S. B. P. Pattabhirama Rao 29114: 28922: 28806: 28695: 28559: 28458: 28260:Tamil Nadu Graphite (TNG) 28150: 28141: 27973:Health and Family Welfare 27913: 27891: 27842: 27655: 27637: 27619: 27610: 27592: 27522: 27492:State Protected Monuments 27477: 27469:Colleges and universities 27459: 27445: 27415: 27379: 27338: 27307: 27298: 27236: 27198:Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve 27168: 27123: 27070: 27027: 27022:Links to related articles 26981: 26928: 26775: 26719: 26686: 26483: 26440: 26322: 26259: 26248: 26193: 26178: 25077:Murray, H. J. R. (1913). 22902:"List of Indian Airports" 22600:List of Stations, Chennai 20495:Medical and health report 20049:Gopalkrishnan, G (2002). 18875:. Reserve Bank of India. 18695:"List of Stock exchanges" 17688:J. Gordon Melton (2011). 16987:Kiruṣṇan̲, Rājam (2002). 16695:Massey, Reginald (2004). 16635:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 16283:Mitchell, George (1988). 15865:10.1515/9783110741124-016 15664:Jayakaran, S. C. (2004). 14569:10.30842/alp2306573714317 14334:"The Punjabis of Chennai" 11639:"Project Elephant Status" 9888:10.1007/s11407-003-0005-4 9625:Caldwell, Robert (1881). 9596:10.1017/S0021911807001234 9489:. ABC—CLIO. p. 756. 9080:Ramaswami, N. S. (1984). 8932:. 2005. pp. 78–104. 7430:is also popular with the 7388:M. A. Chidambaram Stadium 7271: 7266:Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve 7072:Officers Training Academy 7052:deemed-to-be universities 6721:Mass Rapid Transit System 6675: 6670: 6665: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6644: 6350: 5861:. Among non-food grains, 5680:Coimbatore Stock Exchange 5360:is a major and multi-day 5142:Dance forms of Tamil Nadu 4943:Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai 4933:, is the first among the 4737:Kovilpatti Kadalai Mittai 4540:in government hospitals. 4524:LGBT rights in Tamil Nadu 4261: 4245: 4229: 4213: 4197: 4192: 4189: 3790: 3665:— 3581:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3385:executive authority. The 3217:Administrative officials 2895:estuary in the north and 2765:Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve 2363:separate the region from 2231:foreign direct investment 2073:An 18th-century coloured 2008:Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle 1927:Thanjavur Maratha kingdom 1902:In the 18th century, the 1859:was founded in 1336 1379:The name is derived from 1252:for two centuries before 989: 982: 973: 964: 957: 945: 933: 923: 911: 901: 889: 873: 869: 855: 850: 846: 830: 805: 783: 757: 747: 735: 718: 693: 683: 659: 652: 639: 626: 621: 598: 590: 582: 574: 564: 556: 551: 543: 535: 527: 519: 514: 504: 496: 491: 487: 475: 462: 449: 437: 419: 407: 403: 385: 372: 362: 357: 345: 340:Chennai metropolitan area 333: 315: 311: 301: 291: 285: 273: 255: 220: 208: 194: 183: 175: 170: 150: 53: 44: 37: 32607:Thiruvalluvar University 32512:Bharathidasan University 31501:Highways and Minor Ports 30595:P. T. R. Palanivel Rajan 30305:Samayanallur S. Selvaraj 29045:Thiruvalluvar University 28950:Bharathidasan University 27983:Highways and Minor Ports 27586:Government of Tamil Nadu 25541:"MA Chidambaram stadium" 24784:Government of Tamil Nadu 24754:Government of Tamil Nadu 24677:Government of Tamil Nadu 24617:Government of Tamil Nadu 24548:Government of Tamil Nadu 23839:Government of Tamil Nadu 23707:Government of Tamil Nadu 23502:Government of Tamil Nadu 23195:"Southern naval command" 22254:Government of Tamil Nadu 22181:Government of Tamil Nadu 22173:"National Highways wing" 22147:Government of Tamil Nadu 22108:Government of Tamil Nadu 22071:Government of Tamil Nadu 22035:Government of Tamil Nadu 21907:. Taylor & Francis. 21059:Installed power capacity 20904:Government of Tamil Nadu 20804:TRAI report, August 2023 20549:10.4103/0970-258X.314010 20502:Government of Tamil Nadu 20466:Government of Tamil Nadu 20298:Government of Tamil Nadu 20116:Government of Tamil Nadu 20083:Government of Tamil Nadu 20024:Government of Tamil Nadu 19961:Government of Tamil Nadu 19813:Government of Tamil Nadu 19723:Government of Tamil Nadu 19663:Government of Tamil Nadu 19570:Government of Tamil Nadu 18366:Government of Tamil Nadu 18333:Government of Tamil Nadu 17975:. Taylor & Francis. 17942:Kent, Alexandra (2005). 17570:Encyclopedia of Hinduism 17408:. Routledge. p. 2. 17219:"Fort St. George museum" 16117:The embodiment of bhakti 16115:Karen Prechilis (1999). 15957:. Abhinav Publications. 15929:. Taylor & Francis. 15355:Spices: A Global History 13727:Government of Tamil Nadu 13699:Government of Tamil Nadu 13626:State wise literacy rate 13570:"Sex Ratio, 2011 census" 13339:10.1525/as.2002.42.5.733 13255:Government of Tamil Nadu 13156:Government of Tamil Nadu 12965:Government of Tamil Nadu 12836:Government of Tamil Nadu 12767:Government of Tamil Nadu 12635:Government of Tamil Nadu 12573:Government of Tamil Nadu 12425:Government of Tamil Nadu 12266:Government of Tamil Nadu 12231:Government of Tamil Nadu 12075:Government of Tamil Nadu 12045:"State Symbols of India" 11810:Government of Tamil Nadu 11327:Government of Tamil Nadu 11177:Government of Tamil Nadu 10603:Jenkins, Martin (1988). 10189:Demography of Tamil Nadu 9709:Naravane, M. S. (2014). 8818:"Meenakshi Amman Temple" 8705:Thapar, Romila (2003) . 8424:T.V. Mahalingam (1981). 7831:Tamil Virtual University 7799:Tamil Virtual University 7774:(in Tamil). January 2011 7438:representing the state. 7396:M.A. Chidambaram Stadium 7308:representing the state. 7262:Nilgiri Mountain Railway 7198:Government of Tamil Nadu 7183:Nilgiri Mountain Railway 7153:Connemara Public Library 7102:Connemara Public Library 7084:Madras Christian College 6940: 6779:in 1908 and is the only 6741:Nilgiri Mountain Railway 6371: 6188: 6050:The state is one of the 5564:(US$ 280 billion), 4749:Geographical Indications 4550:Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 4538:sex reassignment surgery 4458:in northern Tamil Nadu, 3858:medium. As of 2019, the 3620:Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 3549:Indian National Congress 3387:Indian Councils Act 1861 3188:Artocarpus heterophyllus 3042:, Mukkombu Deer Park in 2625:species), 64 species of 2154:V. O. Chidambaram Pillai 2146:Indian National Congress 2134:Indian famine of 1896–97 2107:Indian Rebellion of 1857 1962:in Madras. In 1609, the 1589:delta. The kings called 1236:(14th–17th century CE). 531:189 m (620 ft) 367:Government of Tamil Nadu 171:Etymology: Tamil Country 32582:Tamil Nadu Science City 32108:Tamil Nadu Police (TNP) 31571:Other States Government 31476:Environment and Forests 31336:Anbil Mahesh Poyyamozhi 31271:Anitha R. Radhakrishnan 31161:Sevvoor S. Ramachandran 31125:K. T. Rajenthra Bhalaji 31115:Vellamandi N. Natarajan 31025:Dindigul C. Sreenivasan 31020:Edappadi K. Palaniswami 30940:K. T. Rajenthra Bhalaji 30800:Edappadi K. Palaniswami 30491:Anitha R. Radhakrishnan 30159:Melur A. M. Paramasivam 29976:Subbulakshmi Jagadeesan 29796:Panruti S. Ramachandran 29651:Panruti S. Ramachandran 29621:Subbulakshmi Jagadeesan 29552:Panruti S. Ramachandran 29506:Panruti S. Ramachandran 29020:Tamil Nadu Science City 28546:Tamil Nadu Police (TNP) 28053:Other States Government 27958:Environment and Forests 27876:Edappadi K. Palaniswami 27790:Anbil Mahesh Poyyamozhi 27735:Anitha R. Radhakrishnan 25234:Russ, Laurence (1984). 24417:. Government of India. 24415:"Enchanting Tamil Nadu" 23623:"Educational structure" 21929:"List of fire stations" 19894:Gaylard, Linda (2015). 18207:Rural unemployment rate 16989:When the Kurinji Blooms 15570:Abraham, S. A. (2003). 15434:Kalman, Bobbie (2009). 14652:The Dravidian Languages 14277:(12). 15 October 2010. 14147:(12). 15 October 2008. 13692:Census highlights, 2011 12389:"The first corporation" 12071:"Symbols of Tamil Nadu" 11839:. Oryx. pp. 31–37. 11455:Birds of Southern India 11294:"Forests of Tamil Nadu" 10478:Eagan, J. S. C (1916). 10239:Encyclopædia Britannica 10218:Patrick, David (1907). 9770:Encyclopædia Britannica 9055:Naravane, M.S. (2014). 8847:Cynthia Talbot (2001). 8680:Singh, Upinder (2008). 8600:Encyclopedia Britannica 8249:Singh, Upinder (2008). 7515:Madras Motor Race Track 7499:Royal Madras Yacht Club 7402:. Established in 1987, 7223:(Ooty) situated in the 6987:Education in Tamil Nadu 6775:which was built by the 6519: 6491:(NHAI). There are also 6028:environmental pollution 5949:" was from Tamil Nadu. 5859:Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu 5801:Geographical indication 5517:is a large annual open 5511:Chennaiyil Thiruvaiyaru 5135: 4630:Geographical indication 3852:Human Development Index 3511:Elections in Tamil Nadu 3361:In accordance with the 3148:Nilgiritragus hylocrius 3088:grizzled giant squirrel 3084:Tiruvannamalai district 3038:, Yercaud Deer Park in 3028:Amirthi Zoological Park 2873:Mudumalai National Park 2860:Mudumalai National Park 2484:Climatic zones of India 2408:coastline of Tamil Nadu 2256:Geography of Tamil Nadu 2239:Human Development Index 2130:Great Famine of 1876–78 2097:. On 10 July 1806, the 2091:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War 2018:in 1760 as part of the 1761:in the 9th century CE. 1573:of monarchical states, 1487:Archaeological evidence 1315:human development index 1187:Archaeological evidence 1135:to the south-east, the 694: • Per capita 27:State in southern India 32485:Education and research 32043:Corporation of Chennai 32033:Advisory body, COFEPSA 31426:Government Departments 31321:Palanivel Thiaga Rajan 31226:M. R. K. Panneerselvam 30715:Pongalur N. Palanisamy 30685:Poongothai Aladi Aruna 30670:T. P. M. Mohideen Khan 30610:M. R. K. Panneerselvam 30585:Veerapandi S. Arumugam 30398:S. S. Thirunavukkarasu 30277:Pongalur N. Palanisamy 30272:M. R. K. Panneerselvam 30222:Veerapandi S. Arumugam 30080:Alagu Thirunavukkarasu 29966:Veerapandi S. Arumugam 29885:Anoor P. G. Jegadeesan 29515:Mannai P. Narayanasamy 28923:Education and research 28481:Corporation of Chennai 28471:Advisory body, COFEPSA 27690:M. R. K. Panneerselvam 27339:Dance / Drama / Cinema 26279:Deputy chief ministers 23679:Times Higher Education 23651:. AUBSP. 8 June 2023. 23434:Gross enrollment ratio 22829:Higham, Robin (1961). 22445:. Tamil Nadu tourism. 20873:The New Indian Express 20647:Connell, John (2011). 16720:Samson, Leela (1987). 16699:. New Delhi: Abhinav. 16510:The New Indian Express 15384:Dalby, Andrew (2002). 15082:Lynton, Linda (1995). 14744:The New Indian Express 14137:"The Parsis of Madras" 13315:Wyatt, A.K.J. (2002). 13184:India through the ages 12898:. Women police India. 12704:Supreme Court of India 12488:University of Michigan 12460:. June 2015. p. 5 12016:: e.T15954A163991139. 11850:Kottur, Samad (2012). 11599:Panwar, H. S. (1987). 11573:The New Indian Express 10947:Terrestrial Ecoregions 10556:. Anmol Publications. 9989:Andhra State Act, 1953 9363:Roberts J. M. (1997). 8657:Atlas of the year 1000 8391:. Oxford. p. 84. 7497:(founded in 1846) and 7475:1995 South Asian Games 7400:ICC Cricket World Cups 7391: 7290: 7193: 7168:Tourism and recreation 7161:Anna Centenary Library 7114:Madras Medical College 7109: 7039: 7010:Tamil Nadu State Board 6971:Southern Naval Command 6925:and Chennai. In 2019, 6856: 6802: 6640:Railway in Tamil Nadu 6549: 6538: 6483: 6477:Cloverleaf interchange 6381: 6202: 6144: 6057:institutional delivery 6047: 5970: 5850: 5797:Coimbatore Wet Grinder 5759:Integral Coach Factory 5742: 5696:Imperial Bank of India 5649:Information technology 5644: 5619:Special Economic Zones 5467:which pays tribute to 5401: 5354: 5280: 5154: 5071:Lion Capital of Ashoka 5001:Dravidian architecture 4997: 4995:Dravidian architecture 4874:, a book on ethics by 4767: 4745:Srivilliputhur Palkova 4653: 4579: 4576:Kanchipuram silk saris 4279:Religion in Tamil Nadu 4180:Religion and ethnicity 3791:Source:Census of India 3515:Politics of Tamil Nadu 3494:violence against women 3469: 3431:unicameral legislature 3375:head and appoints the 3358: 3317:municipal corporations 3118:Symbols of Tamil Nadu 3046:and Ooty Deer Park in 2987: 2956:and has five declared 2867: 2760: 2759:, is the state animal. 2581: 2564:Wildlife of Tamil Nadu 2497: 2485: 2297:Eastern Coastal Plains 2276: 2265: 2082: 1947: 1841:Meenakshi Amman Temple 1822:Gangaikonda Cholapuram 1777: 1694: 1544: 1467:to denote the region. 1309:(US$ 3,300) and ranks 1121:Eastern Coastal Plains 1068:) is the southernmost 1050:[ˈtamiɻˈnaːɽɯ] 679:(US$ 290 billion) 536:Highest elevation 32602:Tamil Virtual Academy 32507:Bharathiar University 32258:Cooperative societies 31531:Labour and Employment 31153:Ma Foi K. Pandiarajan 30955:Mukkur N. Subramanian 30750:Natham R. Viswanathan 30504:K. K. Balasubramanian 30432:K. P. Rajendra Prasad 30407:Natham R. Viswanathan 30368:Pollachi V. Jayaraman 30315:Anthiyur P. Selvarasu 30300:S. P. Sarguna Pandian 30166:T. V. Nadesan Paulraj 29836:Su. Thirunavukkarasar 29709:Su. Thirunavukkarasar 29146:K. Venkataswami Naidu 29040:Tamil Virtual Academy 28945:Bharathiar University 28696:Cooperative societies 27785:Palanivel Thiagarajan 27639:Deputy Chief Minister 25303:Craig, Steve (2002). 23958:"Institution History" 23936:"Affiliated colleges" 23776:. 23 September 2009. 23438:Reserve Bank of India 23264:Reserve Bank of India 22535:"Sheds and Workshops" 22509:Zee Media Corporation 21195:"Muppandal Wind Farm" 21193:Helman, Christopher. 21063:Reserve Bank of India 20994:Reserve Bank of India 20964:Reserve Bank of India 19994:Reserve Bank of India 19928:Reserve Bank of India 19783:Reserve Bank of India 19753:Reserve Bank of India 19693:Reserve Bank of India 19633:Reserve Bank of India 19603:Reserve Bank of India 18517:. CIOL. 4 July 2000. 18271:Reserve Bank of India 18241:Reserve Bank of India 18211:Reserve Bank of India 17837:Roshen Dalal (2010). 17810:Abbie Mercer (2007). 17474:"Cinema and the city" 17039:Sound of Indian Music 16761:Indian Ballet Dancing 16631:Bahwa, Seema (2023). 16592:Kamath, Rina (2000). 16567:Slobin, Mark (2008). 15591:10.1353/asi.2003.0031 15517:The Story of Our Food 15351:Czarra, Fred (2009). 15134:Sociology of Religion 14713:. 25 September 2017. 13630:Reserve Bank of India 13062:Ralhan, O.P. (2002). 12512:"Indian Councils Act" 12227:"List of Departments" 12109:. 11 September 2021. 11970:: e.T12559A17951402. 11924:Central Zoo Authority 11911:Trachypithecus johnii 10949:. World Wildlife Fund 9795:Adcock, C.S. (2013). 9402:Wagret, Paul (1977). 9215:Corporation of Madras 9030:Bayly, Susan (2004). 8996:The Nayaks of Madurai 7679:Reserve Bank of India 7556:Outline of Tamil Nadu 7473:. Chennai hosted the 7412:Indian Premier League 7386: 7285: 7181: 7174:Tourism in Tamil Nadu 7100: 7092:Pachaiyappa's College 7034: 6967:Eastern Naval Command 6917:operates airbases at 6851: 6843:limited international 6794: 6544: 6533: 6526:Southern Railway zone 6472: 6379: 6196: 6139: 6041: 6034:Health and sanitation 5965: 5845: 5733: 5716:permanent back office 5712:Reserve Bank of India 5684:Madras Stock Exchange 5632: 5543:Economy of Tamil Nadu 5400:made from rice powder 5395: 5345: 5275: 5149: 5140:Further information: 4986: 4977:Further information: 4762: 4651: 4615:Kanchipuram silk sari 4574: 4542:Chennai Rainbow Pride 3888:Further information: 3639:Historical population 3533:Self-Respect Movement 3464: 3423:Constitution of India 3411:bicameral legislature 3363:Constitution of India 3350: 3265:Further information: 2978: 2962:Kalakkad-Mundanthurai 2853: 2751: 2704:Combretum ovalifolium 2603:biodiversity hotspots 2575: 2519:hot semi-arid climate 2491: 2483: 2414:in the country after 2271: 2263: 2182:Independence of India 2072: 1935: 1908:Nawab of the Carnatic 1824:, built by Rajendra. 1767: 1717:, who ruled parts of 1682: 1535: 1477:History of Tamil Nadu 1238:European colonization 544:Lowest elevation 32612:University of Madras 32502:Annamalai University 31541:Legislative Assembly 31341:Siva. V. Meyyanathan 31331:Gingee K. S. Masthan 31251:K. R. Periyakaruppan 31171:P. Balakrishna Reddy 30805:S. P. Shunmuganathan 30665:S. N. M. Ubayadullah 30650:K. R. Periyakaruppan 30625:Parithi Ilamvazhuthi 30442:S. P. Shunmuganathan 30320:S. Jennifer Chandran 30089:T. M. Selvaganapathy 30031:V. R. Nedunchezhiyan 29961:Pon. Muthuramalingam 29786:V. R. Nedunchezhiyan 29646:V. R. Nedunchezhiyan 29455:V. R. Nedunchezhiyan 29371:V. R. Nedunchezhiyan 29104:Council of Ministers 29050:University of Madras 28940:Annamalai University 28023:Legislative Assembly 27881:Leader of opposition 27740:R. S. Raja Kannappan 27715:K. R. Periyakaruppan 27657:Council of Ministers 27152:Legislative Assembly 26284:Legislative Assembly 26079:. 21 February 2012. 25765:. 12 November 2016. 25639:. 2 September 2012. 24734:Dayalan, D. (2014). 24544:"Tamil Nadu beaches" 24452:. 10 November 2014. 23681:. 24 November 2016. 23410:. 15 November 1982. 23292:Muthiah, S. (2008). 23169:"Basic Organization" 22380:. Southern Railway. 22354:(Report). statista. 21903:Desai, Mira (2021). 21585:. 10 November 2023. 21392:Muthiah, S. (2004). 21233:. 25 November 2022. 21164:Nuclear power plants 21140:. 17 February 2022. 20936:. 1 September 2023. 20592:. 28 February 2022. 19659:"Thanjavur, history" 19325:. 6 September 2022. 19194:. 24 February 2011. 18091:. 30 December 2022. 17971:Hume, Lynne (2020). 17903:Gajrani, S. (2004). 17363:Hiro, Dilip (2010). 17167:. 16 December 2012. 17041:. Lulu. p. 35. 16512:. 2 September 2014. 16440:Metcalfe, Thomas R. 16368:Middle Chola Temples 15953:Padmaja, T. (2002). 15034:. 23 December 2023. 14938:Muzaffar, Maroosha. 14819:. 15 December 2013. 14495:Census India Catalog 14374:. 1 September 2023. 13979:"A different mirror" 13955:. 19 December 2011. 13821:Life expectancy 2019 13602:. 17 December 2021. 13383:. 10 February 2017. 12661:Electoral statistics 12490:. p. 241, 245. 10995:"North East Monsoon" 10505:Bose, Mihir (1977). 10078:Sundari, S. (2007). 9870:Bevir, Mark (2003). 9735:"July, 1806 Vellore" 9105:Tony Jaques (2007). 8824:. 30 November 2023. 8134:. 19 February 2023. 8094:"A rare inscription" 8039:. 27 November 2014. 7766:"Venkadam to Kumari" 7539:Coimbatore Golf Club 7414:(IPL) cricket team, 7316:which originated as 7278:Sports in Tamil Nadu 7246:World Heritage Sites 7056:University of Madras 7048:private universities 7036:University of Madras 6935:Thoothukudi district 6892:Southern Air Command 6281:satellite television 6269:The Deccan Chronicle 6162:nuclear power plants 5998:. The state has 116 5527:Madras Music Academy 5370:Tamil solar calendar 5289:National Art Gallery 5263:Muthuswami Dikshitar 4947:U.V. Swaminatha Iyer 4931:University of Madras 4729:Palani Panchamirtham 4556:Culture and heritage 4420: Others (1.24%) 3313:local administration 3178:Borassus flabellifer 2926:wildlife sanctuaries 2679:Anogeissus latifolia 2665:, clumping bamboos ( 2591:tropical dry forests 2539:high-pressure system 2424:Indian Ocean tsunami 2166:Indian National Army 2150:Theosophical Society 2012:French siege attempt 1857:Vijayanagara kingdom 1829:Maravarman Sundara I 1731:Pallava architecture 1361:wildlife sanctuaries 1340:World Heritage Sites 1319:manufacturing sector 749:Vehicle registration 575: • Density 547:0 m (0 ft) 161:Emblem of Tamil Nadu 128:Thiruvalluvar Statue 32492:Alagappa University 31276:R. S. Rajakannappan 31138:M. R. Vijayabhaskar 30960:N. D. Venkatachalam 30890:S. T. Chellapandian 30575:Arcot N. Veeraswami 30212:Nanjil K. Manoharan 30207:Arcot N. Veeraswami 29956:Arcot N. Veeraswami 29936:Nanjil K. Manoharan 29547:Nanjil K. Manoharan 29333:Jothi Venkatachalam 29208:Jothi Venkatachalam 29179:K. P. Kuttikrishnan 28930:Alagappa University 27647:Udhayanidhi Stalin 25426:"A stick in time …" 25400:. 17 January 2023. 25370:. 11 January 2017. 24942:. 11 January 2019. 24936:"Nilgiri biosphere" 24904:. 27 January 2021. 24515:Government of India 24209:Government of India 24202:Public library data 24084:Government of India 24021:Government of India 23938:. Dr MGR university 23140:Government of India 23105:. 2 December 2019. 22980:Government of India 22804:Government of India 22771:Government of India 22686:. Indian Railways. 22511:. 14 January 2022. 22250:Highways Department 22214:Government of India 22177:Highways Department 22143:Highways Department 22104:Highways Department 22031:Highways Department 21524:Government of India 21488:Government of India 21452:Government of India 21396:. East West Books. 21394:Madras Rediscovered 21369:. 22 October 2013. 21313:on 25 February 2024 21168:Government of India 21107:: 2. Archived from 21030:Government of India 20990:"Power consumption" 20900:"TANGEDCO, contact" 20844:. 24 January 2021. 20430:Government of India 20364:Government of India 20331:Government of India 20265:Government of India 20141:Government of India 20030:on 25 December 2023 19843:Government of India 19457:. 15 October 2021. 19455:Government of India 19132:Government of India 18873:"RBI staff college" 18549:. 1 December 2012. 18396:Government of India 18305:. 15 October 2022. 18237:Number of factories 18059:. 5 December 2018. 16343:. 7 November 2016. 15859:. p. 315-352. 15545:Government of India 15263:Government of India 15191:"Clothing in India" 14602:. 31 October 2023. 14499:Government of India 14466:Government of India 14438:. 24 October 2023. 14309:. 22 October 2012. 14113:. 20 October 2023. 14081:. 6 November 2023. 14015:Government of India 13900:Government of India 13857:Government of India 13763:Government of India 13736:on 24 December 2023 13666:Government of India 13600:Government of India 13541:Government of India 13505:Government of India 13292:. 21 October 2021. 13036:. 26 October 2018. 13001:Government of India 12929:Government of India 12922:Police Ranking 2022 12668:Government of India 12458:Government of India 12332:Government of India 12299:Government of India 11782:. 7 December 2021. 11750:. 9 November 2004. 11647:. 2 February 2009. 11210:Government of India 11141:Government of India 10803:Government of India 10735:Government of India 10341:2000Natur.403..853M 10193:Government of India 10027:. 14 September 1953 10025:Parliament of India 9998:. 14 September 1953 9965:. 7 November 2023. 9933:. 9 December 2019. 9764:Pletcher, Kenneth. 9680:"Madras Presidency" 9557:Government of India 9435:Keay, John (1993). 8642:Coins of the Cholas 8362:. 26 October 2021. 8198:Dr. Anjali (2017). 7947:The Washington Post 7918:. 31 January 2018. 7712:Government of India 7623:Government of India 7590:Government of India 7519:Kari Motor Speedway 7491:2007 Men's Asia Cup 7432:Indian Super League 7416:Chennai Super Kings 7404:MRF Pace Foundation 7334:44th Chess Olympiad 7191:World Heritage Site 7044:public universities 6888:Government of India 6641: 6598:electric locomotive 6586:Coimbatore Junction 6404: 6393:Highways Department 6099:networks including 5824:Indian Armed Forces 5700:State Bank of India 5523:Madras Music Season 5087:Brihadisvara Temple 4969:and Bharathidasan. 4929:, published by the 4921:Thambiraan Vanakkam 4476:Dravidian languages 4470:around Madurai and 4186: 3640: 3569:Lal Bahadur Shastri 3415:legislative council 3218: 3119: 3108:lion-tailed macaque 3064:Dharmapuri district 3056:Coimbatore district 2862:, the first modern 2712:Diospyros nilagrica 2607:World Heritage Site 2214:imposition of Hindi 2170:Subhas Chandra Bose 2052:Dheeran Chinnamalai 2016:Battle of Wandiwash 1888:Nayaks of Thanjavur 1818:Brihadisvara Temple 1518:Indo-Gangetic plain 1369:Tamil film industry 1254:Indian Independence 1242:British controlling 1234:Vijayanagara Empire 1193:and then by modern 1094:classical languages 660: • Total 520: • Length 443:Parliament of India 438:National Parliament 236: / 144:Brihadisvara Temple 32547:Periyar University 31586:Public (Elections) 31196:Udhayanidhi Stalin 31030:K. A. Sengottaiyan 30910:P. Chendur Pandian 30870:N. Mariyam Pitchai 30820:T. K. M. Chinnayya 30745:K. A. Sengottaiyan 30540:R. T. Inbathamilan 30469:Valarmathi Jebaraj 30267:N. K. K. Periasamy 30162:C. P. Pattabiraman 30066:K. A. Sengottaiyan 30041:S. D. Somasundaram 30036:K. A. Krishnaswamy 29849:Gomathi Srinivasan 29801:K. A. Krishnaswamy 29781:M. G. Ramachandran 29724:Gomathi Srinivasan 29661:S. D. Somasundaram 29656:K. A. Krishnaswamy 29641:M. G. Ramachandran 29613:S. D. Somasundaram 29608:K. A. Krishnaswamy 29585:P. Soundarapandian 29542:M. G. Ramachandran 29518:C. V. M. Annamalai 29494:A. P. Dharmalingam 29381:K. A. Mathiazhagan 29313:M. Bhakthavatsalam 29243:M. Bhakthavatsalam 29198:M. Bhakthavatsalam 29126:C. Rajagopalachari 28985:Periyar University 28068:Public (Elections) 27795:Meyyanathan Siva V 27700:Thangam Thennarasu 27001:Historical Regions 25825:The Times of India 25367:The Economic Times 25208:The Times of India 25081:. Benjamin Press. 25079:A History of Chess 24842:. Indian Railway. 24711:. 10 August 2010. 24708:The Times of India 24649:. 22 August 2023. 24579:. A. A. Balakema. 24449:The Economic Times 24014:NIRF rankings 2023 23744:. 23 August 2023. 23741:The Times of India 23230:The Times of India 21643:. 30 August 2011. 21339:. 25 August 2014. 20934:New Indian Express 20697:on 2 February 2023 20624:. 20 August 2012. 20202:Second Master Plan 20168:Second Master Plan 19902:. pp. 84–85. 19518:The Economic Times 19354:The Times of India 19322:The Times of India 18968:The Times of India 18907:. 5 October 2015. 18824:New Indian Express 18791:New Indian Express 18488:The Economic Times 18183:. 2 January 2021. 18148:(Report). ICRIER. 18088:The Times of India 17548:on 6 February 2014 17482:. 9 January 2009. 17450:. 30 August 2020. 17348:has generic name ( 17289:. 22 August 2013. 17286:The Times of India 17164:The Times of India 16786:The Dance in India 15579:Asian Perspectives 15436:India: The Culture 15004:. 30 August 2019. 14912:The Times of India 14792:The Times of India 14435:New Indian Express 14406:. 27 August 2007. 14306:The Times of India 14240:The Times of India 14208:The Times of India 14176:The Times of India 14110:New Indian Express 14078:New Indian Express 14046:New Indian Express 13987:. 25 August 2016. 13935:on 25 August 2015. 13446:The New York Times 13123:. 26 August 2019. 12401:on 28 January 2004 12295:"Local Government" 12106:The Times of India 11884:. 3 October 2015. 11779:The Indian Express 10124:The Indian Express 9529:. 21 August 2006. 8962:Eugene F. Irschick 7982:. 1 January 2006. 7979:The Times of India 7561:Tamil inscriptions 7527:Guindy Race Course 7392: 7302:Pro Kabaddi League 7291: 7194: 7110: 7088:Presidency College 7040: 6994:midday meal scheme 6857: 6803: 6648:Track length (km) 6645:Route length (km) 6639: 6550: 6539: 6484: 6403:Road length in TN 6402: 6382: 6301:Radio broadcasting 6257:The Times of India 6220:Government Gazette 6208:The Madras Courier 6203: 6145: 6048: 6010:across the state. 5971: 5851: 5743: 5708:south zonal office 5674:The state has two 5645: 5615:financial services 5507:Thanjavur district 5495:Tyagaraja Aradhana 5435:month, called the 5421:Gregorian calendar 5402: 5355: 5281: 5155: 5069:also features the 5041:, a bulbous stone 4998: 4967:Subramania Bharati 4951:Ramalinga Swamigal 4768: 4763:Sculpture of Sage 4741:Manapparai Murukku 4654: 4580: 4464:Western Tamil Nadu 4293:religious minority 4262:Others/Not stated 4184: 3638: 3600:M. G. Ramachandran 3470: 3359: 3333:village panchayats 3289:District Collector 3216: 3158:Chalcophaps indica 3117: 3092:grey slender loris 3066:, Kurumbapatti in 3014:, both located in 3002:recognised by the 2996:Thanjavur district 2988: 2877:wildlife sanctuary 2868: 2864:wildlife sanctuary 2761: 2582: 2541:is strongest. The 2498: 2486: 2470:western Tamil Nadu 2295:in the north, the 2277: 2266: 2168:(INA), founded by 2111:British Parliament 2083: 2032:Rani Velu Nachiyar 1948: 1872:Battle of Talikota 1784:, who established 1778: 1695: 1545: 1349:biosphere reserves 1155:to the northwest, 1119:in the north, the 959:State highway mark 591: • Rural 583: • Urban 557: • Total 497: • Total 120:Clockwise from top 32626: 32625: 32620: 32619: 32369:Autonomous bodies 31659: 31658: 31566:Natural Resources 31384: 31383: 31351:T. Mano Thangaraj 31291:V. Senthil Balaji 31236:Thangam Thenarasu 31148:V. M. Rajalakshmi 31110:R. B. Udhayakumar 31075:K. C. Karuppannan 30865:V. Senthil Balaji 30855:R. B. Udhayakumar 30795:K. T. Pachaiammal 30660:Thangam Thenarasu 30635:Suba. Thangavelan 30519:A. Pappa Sundaram 30386:Thalavai Sundaram 30296:B. M. Senguttuvan 30237:M. Tamilkudimagan 30173:M. C. Dhamotharan 29996:K. Chandrasekaran 29931:S. J. Sadiq Pasha 29872:V. V. Swaminathan 29485:S. J. Sadiq Pasha 29430:K. A. Vezhavendan 29399:S. J. Sadiq Pasha 29346:S. M. Abdul Majid 29253:M. A. Manickavelu 29175:M. A. Manickavelu 29159:V. C. Palaniswami 29154:M. V. Krishna Rao 29062: 29061: 29058: 29057: 28807:Autonomous bodies 28048:Natural Resources 27838: 27837: 27755:V. Senthil Balaji 27544: 27543: 27441: 27440: 27115:Anglo-Mysore Wars 27014: 27013: 27006:British Provinces 26986:Capitals in India 26958:Jammu and Kashmir 26930:Union territories 26790:Arunachal Pradesh 26735: 26734: 26417:Sexual minorities 26402:Radio on Internet 26289:Political parties 25983:. 10 April 2017. 25948:978-1-615-30142-3 25347:978-0-878-48099-9 25318:978-0-313-31600-5 25247:978-0-917-25619-6 25178:. 12 April 2022. 25088:978-0-936-31701-4 25054:. 7 August 2014. 25007:978-0-736-08273-0 24586:978-9-058-09254-0 24279:. 23 April 2010. 24056:. 29 March 2021. 23912:. 2 August 2014. 23832:Arts college list 23332:978-1-317-23525-5 23305:978-8-183-79468-8 22989:on 2 October 2021 22840:978-0-208-00171-9 22802:(Press release). 22325:(Report). TNSTC. 22293:(Report). TNSTC. 21914:978-1-000-47008-6 21675:. 25 March 2023. 21555:. Prasar Bharti. 21403:978-8-188-66124-4 21269:978-8-170-99082-6 20691:Submarine network 20660:978-1-845-93660-0 20399:. 12 March 2014. 20393:"Missing targets" 20307:on 10 August 2023 20112:"Water resources" 20092:on 10 August 2023 19909:978-1-465-43606-1 19841:(Press release). 19453:(Press release). 19387:. 6 August 2015. 19222:Business Standard 19164:. 17 April 2014. 19134:. 7 August 2014. 19130:(Press release). 19071:978-1-457-81829-5 19035:. 30 April 2004. 19005:. 27 April 2011. 18671:. 25 March 2012. 18546:Business Standard 18267:Engaged workforce 18127:978-0-819-56906-6 18036:978-8-180-94432-1 18009:978-1-538-10686-0 17982:978-1-0001-8987-2 17957:978-8-791-11489-2 17916:978-8-182-05061-7 17877:978-1-563-08576-5 17850:978-0-143-41421-6 17823:978-1-404-23808-4 17728:978-0-930-74198-3 17701:978-1-598-84206-7 17662:978-9-380-32591-0 17580:978-0-700-71267-0 17415:978-0-415-39680-6 17376:978-1-56858-427-0 17318:Business Standard 17048:978-1-3045-0409-8 17023:978-0-199-35171-8 16998:978-8-125-01619-9 16958:978-9-004-03978-0 16921:978-8-178-35381-4 16882:978-8-186-21147-2 16820:978-8-1212-0809-3 16795:978-0-4040-0963-2 16770:978-8-170-17175-1 16731:978-9-9919-4155-4 16706:978-8-170-17434-9 16669:978-0-19-816636-8 16642:978-9-394-70128-1 16605:978-81-250-1378-5 16578:978-0-819-56882-3 16377:978-9-060-23607-9 16294:978-0-226-53230-1 16269:978-0-471-28451-2 16244:978-0-471-26892-5 16204:978-8-1208-0810-2 16126:978-0-195-12813-0 16039:978-9-380-60721-4 16014:978-9-351-18100-2 15989:978-1-350-03925-4 15964:978-8-170-17398-4 15936:978-1-000-78039-0 15911:978-8-120-60955-6 15874:978-3-11-074112-4 15707:(9/11): 113–129. 15650:978-0-520-24032-2 15526:978-8-173-71293-7 15445:978-0-778-79287-1 15420:978-9-719-17513-1 15395:978-0-520-23674-5 15370:978-1-861-89426-7 15332:on 3 October 2012 15296:Financial Express 15143:978-0-130-25380-4 15118:978-0-231-07849-8 15093:978-0-810-94461-9 15068:978-0-966-14961-6 14665:978-0-521-77111-5 14636:978-0-415-33323-8 14464:(Press release). 14179:. 24 March 2012. 14049:. 18 March 2014. 13598:(Press release). 13483:978-8-1250-2477-4 13073:978-8-1748-8287-5 12800:Tamil Nadu Police 12734:Tamil Nadu Police 12631:"History of fort" 12607:. 2 August 2021. 12497:978-81-8038-559-9 12421:"Town panchayats" 11861:978-9-3508-7269-7 11612:978-0-815-51133-5 11576:. 21 March 2023. 11398:978-8-131-30407-5 11031:978-0-763-73828-0 10871:978-0-813-02099-0 10784:978-0-130-20263-5 10563:978-8-126-11008-7 10491:978-1-149-48220-9 10464:978-0-128-16097-8 10335:(6772): 853–858. 10300:. Lonely Planet. 10091:978-8-176-29966-4 9808:978-0-199-99543-1 9720:978-8-131-30034-3 9653:978-8-126-90085-5 9555:(Press release). 9496:978-1-851-09667-1 9413:978-2-826-30023-6 9376:978-0-195-11504-8 9337:978-0-198-26377-7 9281:978-0-195-64399-2 9170:978-1-948-23095-7 9118:978-0-313-33538-9 9091:978-0-836-41262-8 9066:978-8-131-30034-3 9041:978-0-521-89103-5 8979:978-0-520-00596-9 8947:978-0-521-25484-7 8914:978-8-121-50224-5 8887:978-0-813-03099-9 8860:978-0-198-03123-9 8803:978-8-122-41198-0 8718:978-0-143-02989-2 8691:978-8-131-71120-0 8666:978-0-674-54187-0 8655:John Man (1999). 8532:978-1-119-39991-9 8495:978-0-195-60686-7 8439:S. Sundararajan. 8398:978-0-199-08832-4 8337:978-0-195-60686-7 8276:Archiv Orientální 8260:978-8-131-71120-0 8209:978-9-386-35269-9 7890:Tamil Concordance 7751:978-3-447-01582-0 7531:Cosmopolitan Club 7481:in the state and 7338:Traditional games 7326:Viswanathan Anand 7244:. There are four 7122:backward sections 6931:Kulasekharapatnam 6807:Giacomo D'Angelis 6773:Nilgiris district 6717: 6716: 6614:diesel locomotive 6506:Madras presidency 6474:Kathipara flyover 6467: 6466: 6397:national highways 6006:and 1.68 million 5943:M. S. Swaminathan 5820:main battle tanks 5599:software services 5483:is marked on the 5439:, falling on the 5332:Samikannu Vincent 5285:Government Museum 5277:Government Museum 4993:is a hallmark of 4955:Maraimalai Adigal 4939:Tamil Renaissance 4822:Patiṉeṇkīḻkaṇakku 4810:Patiṉeṇmēlkaṇakku 4291:form the largest 4275: 4274: 4176: 4175: 3795: 3794: 3604:Dravidian parties 3557:Dravidar Kazhagam 3537:Theagaroya Chetty 3535:, spearheaded by 3482:Tamil Nadu Police 3474:Madras High Court 3466:Madras High Court 3451:Indian Parliament 3419:first legislature 3281:head of judiciary 3263: 3262: 3204: 3203: 2982:, one of the few 2787:coral reefs. The 2757:Nilgiri Mountains 2587:Deciduous forests 2535:northeast monsoon 2527:southwest monsoon 2500:The region has a 2345:Northern Province 2303:in the east, the 2291:in the west, the 2095:Madras Presidency 2087:Madras Presidency 2064:Anglo-Mysore Wars 2054:and Kerala Varma 1984:Peda Venkata Raya 1958:near present-day 1910:with his seat at 1884:Nayaks of Madurai 1876:Deccan sultanates 1655:twin Tamil epics 1512:. Excavations at 1510:Harappan language 1393:Sangam literature 1250:Madras Presidency 1173:Northern Province 1127:in the east, the 1115:in the west, the 993: 992: 977:TN SH1 - TN SH223 881:Tamil Thai Valthu 684: • Rank 565: • Rank 505: • Rank 482:Madras High Court 409:State Legislature 363: • Body 200:Tamil Thai Valthu 178:"Land of Temples" 136:Nilgiri Mountains 18:Tamil Nadu, India 16:(Redirected from 32710: 32655: 32654: 32653: 32643: 32642: 32634: 32592:Tamil University 31698: 31697: 31696: 31686: 31679: 31672: 31663: 31662: 31606:School Education 31496:Higher Education 31423: 31422: 31421: 31411: 31404: 31397: 31388: 31387: 31316:P. K. Sekar Babu 31311:S. S. Sivasankar 31266:P. Geetha Jeevan 31261:M. P. Saminathan 31105:Kadambur C. Raju 31055:C. Ve. Shanmugam 31015:O. Panneerselvam 30950:M. S. M. Anandan 30905:A. Mohammed John 30840:S. Gokula Indira 30810:K. V. Ramalingam 30785:C. Ve. Shanmugam 30740:O. Panneerselvam 30690:P. Geetha Jeevan 30680:M. P. Saminathan 30655:N. K. K. P. Raja 30512:M. Radhakrishnan 30452:A. Venkatachalam 30437:C. Ve. Shanmugam 30427:Nainar Nagendran 30345:O. Panneerselvam 30292:V. Mullaivendhan 30262:V. Thangapandian 30170:P. Eswaramoorthy 30135:V. Sathiamoorthy 30117:S. Nagoor Meeran 30099:R. Indira Kumari 30084:Ku. Pa. Krishnan 30071:E. Madhusudhanan 30056:C. Aranganayagam 29853:P. Vijayalakshmi 29840:R. Soundararajan 29811:C. Aranganayagam 29739:R. Soundararajan 29736:P. Vijayalakshmi 29719:M. Vijayasarathy 29700:K. Raja Mohammed 29691:S. Raghavanandam 29671:C. Aranganayagam 29617:R. Soundararajan 29604:K. Raja Mohammed 29595:P. T. Saraswathi 29580:S. Raghavanandam 29570:C. Aranganayagam 29556:K. Narayanaswamy 29490:Si. Pa. Aditanar 29470:Sathiavani Muthu 29412:Si. Pa. Aditanar 29389:Sathiavani Muthu 29288:Lourdammal Simon 29171:N. Sankara Reddi 29101: 29100: 29099: 29089: 29082: 29075: 29066: 29065: 29030:Tamil University 28148: 28147: 28088:School Education 27978:Higher Education 27780:P. K. Sekar Babu 27775:S. S. Sivasankar 27730:P. Geetha Jeevan 27725:M. P. Saminathan 27617: 27616: 27583: 27582: 27581: 27571: 27564: 27557: 27548: 27547: 27392:Karthikai Deepam 27305: 27304: 27290:Scheduled Tribes 27054: 27047: 27040: 27031: 27030: 27018: 27017: 26825:Himachal Pradesh 26762: 26755: 26748: 26739: 26738: 26729:India portal 26727: 26726: 26725: 26254: 26242:Cirrochroa Thais 26165: 26164: 26163: 26153: 26146: 26139: 26130: 26129: 26117: 26116: 26093: 26092: 26090: 26088: 26067: 26061: 26060: 26058: 26056: 26039: 26033: 26032: 26027: 26025: 26003: 25997: 25996: 25994: 25992: 25971: 25965: 25964: 25962: 25960: 25932: 25926: 25925: 25923: 25921: 25906: 25900: 25899: 25897: 25895: 25874: 25868: 25867: 25865: 25863: 25848: 25842: 25841: 25839: 25837: 25815: 25809: 25808: 25806: 25804: 25785: 25779: 25778: 25776: 25774: 25753: 25747: 25746: 25744: 25742: 25733:. 11 July 2020. 25723: 25717: 25716: 25714: 25712: 25691: 25685: 25684: 25682: 25680: 25659: 25653: 25652: 25650: 25648: 25629: 25623: 25622: 25620: 25618: 25599: 25593: 25592: 25590: 25588: 25567: 25561: 25560: 25558: 25556: 25537: 25531: 25530: 25528: 25526: 25511: 25505: 25504: 25496: 25490: 25489: 25487: 25485: 25463: 25457: 25456: 25454: 25452: 25428: 25420: 25414: 25413: 25411: 25409: 25390: 25384: 25383: 25381: 25379: 25358: 25352: 25351: 25329: 25323: 25322: 25300: 25294: 25293: 25291: 25289: 25270: 25264: 25263: 25261: 25259: 25231: 25225: 25224: 25222: 25220: 25198: 25192: 25191: 25189: 25187: 25168: 25162: 25161: 25159: 25157: 25135: 25129: 25128: 25126: 25124: 25102: 25096: 25095: 25074: 25068: 25067: 25065: 25063: 25044: 25038: 25037: 25035: 25033: 25018: 25012: 25011: 24993: 24987: 24986: 24984: 24982: 24962: 24956: 24955: 24953: 24951: 24932: 24926: 24925: 24923: 24921: 24892: 24886: 24885: 24883: 24881: 24862: 24856: 24855: 24853: 24851: 24836: 24830: 24829: 24827: 24825: 24806: 24800: 24799: 24797: 24795: 24776: 24770: 24769: 24767: 24765: 24746: 24740: 24739: 24731: 24725: 24724: 24722: 24720: 24699: 24693: 24692: 24690: 24688: 24669: 24663: 24662: 24660: 24658: 24639: 24633: 24632: 24630: 24628: 24609: 24603: 24602: 24600: 24598: 24570: 24564: 24563: 24561: 24559: 24540: 24534: 24533: 24531: 24529: 24523: 24512: 24504: 24498: 24497: 24495: 24493: 24487: 24480: 24472: 24466: 24465: 24463: 24461: 24440: 24431: 24430: 24428: 24426: 24411: 24405: 24404: 24402: 24400: 24394: 24387: 24379: 24373: 24372: 24370: 24368: 24353: 24347: 24346: 24344: 24342: 24325: 24319: 24318: 24316: 24314: 24299: 24293: 24292: 24290: 24288: 24267: 24261: 24260: 24258: 24256: 24234: 24228: 24227: 24225: 24223: 24217: 24206: 24198: 24192: 24191: 24189: 24187: 24168: 24162: 24161: 24159: 24157: 24138: 24132: 24131: 24129: 24127: 24121: 24114: 24106: 24100: 24099: 24097: 24095: 24076: 24070: 24069: 24067: 24065: 24046: 24040: 24039: 24037: 24035: 24029: 24018: 24010: 24004: 24003: 24001: 23999: 23980: 23974: 23973: 23971: 23969: 23954: 23948: 23947: 23945: 23943: 23932: 23926: 23925: 23923: 23921: 23900: 23894: 23893: 23891: 23889: 23883: 23872: 23864: 23858: 23857: 23855: 23853: 23847: 23836: 23828: 23822: 23821: 23819: 23817: 23796: 23790: 23789: 23787: 23785: 23764: 23758: 23757: 23755: 23753: 23732: 23726: 23725: 23723: 23721: 23715: 23704: 23696: 23687: 23686: 23671: 23665: 23664: 23662: 23660: 23645: 23639: 23638: 23636: 23634: 23619: 23613: 23612: 23610: 23608: 23589: 23583: 23582: 23580: 23578: 23559: 23553: 23552: 23550: 23548: 23539:. 18 July 2022. 23527: 23521: 23520: 23518: 23516: 23510: 23499: 23491: 23485: 23484: 23482: 23480: 23460: 23454: 23453: 23451: 23449: 23430: 23424: 23423: 23421: 23419: 23398: 23392: 23391: 23389: 23387: 23363: 23355: 23349: 23348: 23346: 23344: 23316: 23310: 23309: 23289: 23283: 23282: 23280: 23278: 23272: 23261: 23253: 23247: 23246: 23244: 23242: 23221: 23215: 23214: 23212: 23210: 23191: 23185: 23184: 23182: 23180: 23165: 23159: 23158: 23156: 23154: 23148: 23133: 23125: 23119: 23118: 23116: 23114: 23095: 23089: 23088: 23086: 23084: 23065: 23059: 23058: 23056: 23054: 23035: 23029: 23028: 23026: 23024: 23013:Indian Air Force 23005: 22999: 22998: 22996: 22994: 22988: 22982:. Archived from 22977: 22969: 22963: 22962: 22960: 22958: 22952: 22945: 22937: 22928: 22927: 22925: 22923: 22917: 22906: 22898: 22892: 22891: 22889: 22887: 22881: 22870: 22862: 22856: 22855: 22851: 22845: 22844: 22826: 22820: 22819: 22817: 22815: 22796: 22790: 22789: 22787: 22785: 22779: 22768: 22760: 22754: 22753: 22751: 22749: 22732: 22726: 22725: 22723: 22721: 22706: 22700: 22699: 22697: 22695: 22680: 22674: 22673: 22671: 22669: 22654: 22648: 22647: 22645: 22643: 22628: 22622: 22621: 22619: 22617: 22611: 22604: 22596: 22590: 22589: 22587: 22585: 22579: 22571:Chennai Division 22568: 22560: 22551: 22550: 22548: 22546: 22531: 22525: 22524: 22522: 22520: 22501: 22495: 22494: 22492: 22490: 22484: 22476:Southern Railway 22473: 22469:List of stations 22465: 22459: 22458: 22456: 22454: 22439: 22433: 22432: 22430: 22428: 22422: 22414:Southern Railway 22411: 22403: 22394: 22393: 22391: 22389: 22374: 22368: 22367: 22365: 22363: 22348: 22342: 22341: 22339: 22337: 22331: 22324: 22316: 22310: 22309: 22307: 22305: 22299: 22292: 22284: 22273: 22272: 22270: 22268: 22262: 22247: 22239: 22233: 22232: 22230: 22228: 22222: 22211: 22203: 22197: 22196: 22194: 22192: 22169: 22163: 22162: 22160: 22158: 22135: 22124: 22123: 22121: 22119: 22096: 22090: 22089: 22087: 22085: 22079: 22068: 22060: 22054: 22053: 22051: 22049: 22043: 22028: 22020: 22011: 22010: 22008: 22006: 21987: 21981: 21980: 21978: 21976: 21970: 21959: 21951: 21945: 21944: 21942: 21940: 21925: 21919: 21918: 21900: 21894: 21893: 21891: 21889: 21874: 21868: 21867: 21865: 21863: 21843: 21837: 21836: 21834: 21832: 21823:. 10 June 2011. 21813: 21807: 21806: 21804: 21802: 21796: 21789: 21785:IRS survey, 2019 21781: 21775: 21774: 21754: 21748: 21747: 21745: 21743: 21728: 21722: 21721: 21719: 21717: 21695: 21689: 21688: 21686: 21684: 21663: 21657: 21656: 21654: 21652: 21631: 21625: 21624: 21622: 21620: 21605: 21599: 21598: 21596: 21594: 21575: 21569: 21568: 21566: 21564: 21549: 21543: 21542: 21540: 21538: 21532: 21521: 21513: 21507: 21506: 21504: 21502: 21496: 21485: 21477: 21471: 21470: 21468: 21466: 21460: 21449: 21441: 21435: 21434: 21414: 21408: 21407: 21389: 21383: 21382: 21380: 21378: 21359: 21353: 21352: 21350: 21348: 21329: 21323: 21322: 21320: 21318: 21312: 21306:. Archived from 21301: 21292: 21286: 21285: 21283: 21281: 21253: 21247: 21246: 21244: 21242: 21221: 21215: 21214: 21212: 21210: 21190: 21184: 21183: 21181: 21179: 21160: 21154: 21153: 21151: 21149: 21130: 21124: 21123: 21121: 21119: 21114:on 16 April 2021 21113: 21094: 21085: 21079: 21078: 21076: 21074: 21055: 21049: 21048: 21046: 21044: 21038: 21027: 21019: 21010: 21009: 21007: 21005: 20986: 20980: 20979: 20977: 20975: 20956: 20950: 20949: 20947: 20945: 20926: 20920: 20919: 20917: 20915: 20896: 20890: 20889: 20887: 20885: 20876:. 27 July 2018. 20864: 20858: 20857: 20855: 20853: 20832: 20826: 20825: 20823: 20821: 20815: 20809:(Report). TRAI. 20808: 20800: 20791: 20790: 20788: 20786: 20771: 20765: 20764: 20762: 20760: 20745: 20739: 20738: 20736: 20734: 20713: 20707: 20706: 20704: 20702: 20683: 20677: 20676: 20674: 20672: 20644: 20638: 20637: 20635: 20633: 20612: 20606: 20605: 20603: 20601: 20580: 20574: 20573: 20571: 20569: 20551: 20527: 20521: 20520: 20518: 20516: 20510: 20499: 20491: 20485: 20484: 20482: 20480: 20474: 20463: 20455: 20449: 20448: 20446: 20444: 20438: 20427: 20419: 20413: 20412: 20410: 20408: 20389: 20383: 20382: 20380: 20378: 20372: 20361: 20353: 20347: 20346: 20344: 20342: 20323: 20317: 20316: 20314: 20312: 20306: 20295: 20287: 20281: 20280: 20278: 20276: 20257: 20251: 20250: 20248: 20246: 20231: 20225: 20224: 20222: 20220: 20214: 20207: 20197: 20191: 20190: 20188: 20186: 20180: 20173: 20163: 20157: 20156: 20154: 20152: 20133: 20127: 20126: 20124: 20122: 20108: 20102: 20101: 20099: 20097: 20091: 20080: 20072: 20063: 20062: 20046: 20040: 20039: 20037: 20035: 20026:. Archived from 20016: 20010: 20009: 20007: 20005: 19986: 19980: 19979: 19977: 19975: 19969: 19958: 19950: 19944: 19943: 19941: 19939: 19920: 19914: 19913: 19891: 19885: 19884: 19882: 19880: 19865: 19859: 19858: 19856: 19854: 19845:. 10 July 2019. 19835: 19829: 19828: 19826: 19824: 19805: 19799: 19798: 19796: 19794: 19775: 19769: 19768: 19766: 19764: 19745: 19739: 19738: 19736: 19734: 19719:"Why Tamil Nadu" 19715: 19709: 19708: 19706: 19704: 19685: 19679: 19678: 19676: 19674: 19655: 19649: 19648: 19646: 19644: 19625: 19619: 19618: 19616: 19614: 19595: 19589: 19588: 19586: 19584: 19578: 19567: 19559: 19550: 19549: 19541: 19535: 19534: 19532: 19530: 19508: 19502: 19501: 19499: 19497: 19477: 19471: 19470: 19468: 19466: 19447: 19441: 19440: 19438: 19436: 19407: 19401: 19400: 19398: 19396: 19377: 19371: 19370: 19368: 19366: 19345: 19339: 19338: 19336: 19334: 19313: 19307: 19306: 19304: 19302: 19280: 19274: 19273: 19271: 19269: 19263: 19252: 19244: 19238: 19237: 19235: 19233: 19214: 19208: 19207: 19205: 19203: 19184: 19178: 19177: 19175: 19173: 19154: 19148: 19147: 19145: 19143: 19124: 19118: 19117: 19115: 19113: 19094: 19088: 19087: 19085: 19083: 19055: 19049: 19048: 19046: 19044: 19025: 19019: 19018: 19016: 19014: 18991: 18985: 18984: 18982: 18980: 18959: 18953: 18952: 18950: 18948: 18927: 18921: 18920: 18918: 18916: 18895: 18889: 18888: 18886: 18884: 18869: 18863: 18862: 18860: 18858: 18847: 18841: 18840: 18838: 18836: 18814: 18808: 18807: 18805: 18803: 18781: 18775: 18774: 18772: 18770: 18750: 18744: 18743: 18741: 18739: 18717: 18711: 18710: 18708: 18706: 18691: 18685: 18684: 18682: 18680: 18659: 18653: 18652: 18650: 18648: 18627: 18621: 18620: 18618: 18616: 18601: 18595: 18594: 18592: 18590: 18569: 18563: 18562: 18560: 18558: 18537: 18531: 18530: 18528: 18526: 18511: 18505: 18504: 18502: 18500: 18478: 18472: 18471: 18469: 18467: 18448: 18442: 18441: 18439: 18437: 18428:. 19 July 2023. 18418: 18412: 18411: 18409: 18407: 18388: 18382: 18381: 18379: 18377: 18358: 18349: 18348: 18346: 18344: 18325: 18319: 18318: 18316: 18314: 18293: 18287: 18286: 18284: 18282: 18263: 18257: 18256: 18254: 18252: 18233: 18227: 18226: 18224: 18222: 18203: 18197: 18196: 18194: 18192: 18171: 18165: 18164: 18162: 18160: 18154: 18147: 18138: 18132: 18131: 18111: 18105: 18104: 18102: 18100: 18079: 18073: 18072: 18070: 18068: 18047: 18041: 18040: 18020: 18014: 18013: 17993: 17987: 17986: 17968: 17962: 17961: 17939: 17933: 17932: 17930: 17928: 17900: 17894: 17893: 17891: 17889: 17861: 17855: 17854: 17834: 17828: 17827: 17807: 17801: 17800: 17798: 17796: 17774: 17768: 17767: 17751: 17745: 17744: 17742: 17740: 17712: 17706: 17705: 17685: 17679: 17678: 17676: 17674: 17646: 17640: 17639: 17603: 17597: 17596: 17594: 17592: 17564: 17558: 17557: 17555: 17553: 17534: 17528: 17527: 17525: 17523: 17502: 17496: 17495: 17493: 17491: 17470: 17464: 17463: 17461: 17459: 17438: 17432: 17431: 17429: 17427: 17399: 17393: 17392: 17390: 17388: 17360: 17354: 17353: 17347: 17343: 17341: 17333: 17331: 17329: 17324:on 25 March 2021 17320:. Archived from 17309: 17303: 17302: 17300: 17298: 17277: 17271: 17270: 17268: 17266: 17245: 17239: 17238: 17236: 17234: 17215: 17209: 17208: 17206: 17204: 17187: 17181: 17180: 17178: 17176: 17155: 17149: 17148: 17146: 17144: 17133:Deccan Chronicle 17124: 17118: 17117: 17115: 17113: 17098:"Karnatak music" 17094: 17088: 17087: 17085: 17083: 17074:. 26 July 2022. 17062: 17053: 17052: 17034: 17028: 17027: 17009: 17003: 17002: 16984: 16978: 16977: 16969: 16963: 16962: 16944: 16938: 16937: 16935: 16933: 16905: 16899: 16898: 16896: 16894: 16866: 16860: 16859: 16831: 16825: 16824: 16806: 16800: 16799: 16781: 16775: 16774: 16756: 16750: 16749: 16742: 16736: 16735: 16717: 16711: 16710: 16692: 16686: 16685: 16683: 16681: 16653: 16647: 16646: 16628: 16622: 16621: 16619: 16617: 16589: 16583: 16582: 16564: 16558: 16557: 16555: 16553: 16532: 16526: 16525: 16523: 16521: 16502: 16496: 16495: 16493: 16491: 16472: 16466: 16465: 16463: 16461: 16437: 16431: 16430: 16428: 16426: 16420: 16397: 16388: 16382: 16381: 16363: 16357: 16356: 16354: 16352: 16331: 16325: 16324: 16322: 16320: 16305: 16299: 16298: 16285:The Hindu Temple 16280: 16274: 16273: 16255: 16249: 16248: 16230: 16224: 16223: 16215: 16209: 16208: 16190: 16184: 16183: 16181: 16179: 16152: 16146: 16145: 16137: 16131: 16130: 16112: 16106: 16105: 16103: 16101: 16081: 16075: 16074: 16072: 16070: 16050: 16044: 16043: 16025: 16019: 16018: 16000: 15994: 15993: 15975: 15969: 15968: 15950: 15944: 15943: 15922: 15916: 15915: 15902:Tamil literature 15897: 15891: 15890: 15888: 15886: 15850: 15844: 15843: 15841: 15839: 15820: 15814: 15813: 15777: 15771: 15770: 15734: 15728: 15727: 15701:Social Scientist 15696: 15690: 15689: 15687: 15685: 15661: 15655: 15654: 15634: 15628: 15627: 15625: 15623: 15617: 15602: 15576: 15567: 15561: 15560: 15558: 15556: 15537: 15531: 15530: 15512: 15506: 15505: 15503: 15501: 15492:. 9 March 2015. 15482: 15476: 15475: 15473: 15471: 15456: 15450: 15449: 15431: 15425: 15424: 15406: 15400: 15399: 15381: 15375: 15374: 15358: 15348: 15342: 15341: 15339: 15337: 15328:. Archived from 15318: 15312: 15311: 15309: 15307: 15288: 15282: 15281: 15279: 15277: 15271: 15260: 15252: 15243: 15242: 15240: 15238: 15217: 15211: 15210: 15208: 15206: 15187: 15178: 15177: 15175: 15173: 15154: 15148: 15147: 15129: 15123: 15122: 15104: 15098: 15097: 15079: 15073: 15072: 15054: 15048: 15047: 15045: 15043: 15024: 15018: 15017: 15015: 15013: 14994: 14988: 14987: 14985: 14983: 14964: 14958: 14957: 14955: 14953: 14943: 14935: 14929: 14928: 14926: 14924: 14902: 14896: 14895: 14893: 14891: 14872: 14866: 14865: 14863: 14861: 14839: 14833: 14832: 14830: 14828: 14807: 14801: 14800: 14783: 14777: 14776: 14758: 14752: 14751: 14736: 14727: 14726: 14724: 14722: 14701: 14695: 14694: 14676: 14670: 14669: 14647: 14641: 14640: 14622: 14616: 14615: 14613: 14611: 14592: 14586: 14585: 14583: 14581: 14571: 14551: 14545: 14544: 14542: 14540: 14525:"Tamil language" 14521: 14515: 14514: 14512: 14510: 14491: 14482: 14481: 14479: 14477: 14458: 14452: 14451: 14449: 14447: 14426: 14420: 14419: 14417: 14415: 14403:Deccan Chronicle 14394: 14388: 14387: 14385: 14383: 14364: 14358: 14357: 14355: 14353: 14329: 14323: 14322: 14320: 14318: 14297: 14291: 14290: 14288: 14286: 14263: 14257: 14256: 14254: 14252: 14243:. 5 April 2008. 14231: 14225: 14224: 14222: 14220: 14199: 14193: 14192: 14190: 14188: 14167: 14161: 14160: 14158: 14156: 14133: 14127: 14126: 14124: 14122: 14101: 14095: 14094: 14092: 14090: 14069: 14063: 14062: 14060: 14058: 14037: 14031: 14030: 14028: 14026: 14007: 14001: 14000: 13998: 13996: 13975: 13969: 13968: 13966: 13964: 13943: 13937: 13936: 13925: 13919: 13918: 13916: 13914: 13909:on 10 March 2020 13908: 13902:. Archived from 13893: 13885: 13876: 13875: 13873: 13871: 13865: 13854: 13846: 13837: 13836: 13834: 13832: 13817: 13808: 13807: 13805: 13803: 13788: 13782: 13781: 13779: 13777: 13771: 13760: 13752: 13746: 13745: 13743: 13741: 13735: 13729:. Archived from 13724: 13716: 13710: 13709: 13707: 13705: 13696: 13688: 13682: 13681: 13679: 13677: 13663: 13655: 13646: 13645: 13643: 13641: 13622: 13616: 13615: 13613: 13611: 13592: 13586: 13585: 13583: 13581: 13566: 13560: 13559: 13557: 13555: 13549: 13538: 13530: 13524: 13523: 13521: 13519: 13513: 13502: 13494: 13488: 13487: 13469: 13463: 13462: 13460: 13458: 13436: 13430: 13429: 13427: 13425: 13403: 13397: 13396: 13394: 13392: 13371: 13365: 13364: 13362: 13360: 13350: 13312: 13306: 13305: 13303: 13301: 13280: 13274: 13273: 13271: 13269: 13263: 13252: 13244: 13238: 13237: 13235: 13233: 13227: 13216: 13212:"Genesis of DMK" 13207: 13201: 13200: 13178: 13172: 13171: 13169: 13167: 13148: 13137: 13136: 13134: 13132: 13111: 13105: 13104: 13084: 13078: 13077: 13059: 13050: 13049: 13047: 13045: 13026: 13020: 13019: 13017: 13015: 13009: 12998: 12990: 12984: 12983: 12981: 12979: 12973: 12962: 12954: 12948: 12947: 12945: 12943: 12937: 12926: 12918: 12912: 12911: 12909: 12907: 12892: 12886: 12885: 12883: 12881: 12861: 12855: 12854: 12852: 12850: 12844: 12833: 12825: 12816: 12815: 12813: 12811: 12792: 12786: 12785: 12783: 12781: 12775: 12764: 12756: 12750: 12749: 12747: 12745: 12726: 12720: 12719: 12717: 12715: 12696: 12687: 12686: 12684: 12682: 12676: 12665: 12657: 12651: 12650: 12648: 12646: 12627: 12621: 12620: 12618: 12616: 12595: 12589: 12588: 12586: 12584: 12565: 12554: 12553: 12551: 12549: 12534: 12528: 12527: 12525: 12523: 12508: 12502: 12501: 12476: 12470: 12469: 12467: 12465: 12455: 12447: 12441: 12440: 12438: 12436: 12417: 12411: 12410: 12408: 12406: 12385: 12379: 12378: 12376: 12374: 12357: 12351: 12350: 12348: 12346: 12340: 12329: 12321: 12315: 12314: 12312: 12310: 12291: 12282: 12281: 12279: 12277: 12258: 12247: 12246: 12244: 12242: 12223: 12217: 12216: 12214: 12212: 12193: 12187: 12186: 12184: 12182: 12161: 12155: 12154: 12152: 12150: 12129: 12123: 12122: 12120: 12118: 12097: 12091: 12090: 12088: 12086: 12067: 12061: 12060: 12058: 12056: 12041: 12035: 12034: 12032: 12030: 12025: 11995: 11989: 11988: 11986: 11984: 11979: 11949: 11943: 11942: 11940: 11938: 11932: 11917: 11904: 11898: 11897: 11895: 11893: 11872: 11866: 11865: 11847: 11841: 11840: 11832: 11826: 11825: 11823: 11821: 11802: 11796: 11795: 11793: 11791: 11770: 11764: 11763: 11761: 11759: 11738: 11732: 11731: 11729: 11727: 11697: 11691: 11690: 11688: 11686: 11667: 11661: 11660: 11658: 11656: 11635: 11629: 11628: 11626: 11624: 11596: 11590: 11589: 11587: 11585: 11564: 11558: 11557: 11555: 11553: 11538: 11532: 11531: 11529: 11527: 11508: 11502: 11501: 11499: 11497: 11482: 11459: 11458: 11457:. A&C Black. 11450: 11444: 11443: 11435: 11429: 11428: 11426: 11424: 11409: 11403: 11402: 11384: 11378: 11377: 11375: 11373: 11367: 11360: 11352: 11346: 11345: 11343: 11341: 11335: 11329:. Archived from 11324: 11316: 11310: 11309: 11307: 11305: 11290: 11284: 11283: 11281: 11279: 11260: 11254: 11253: 11251: 11249: 11243: 11236: 11228: 11222: 11221: 11219: 11217: 11207: 11199: 11193: 11192: 11190: 11188: 11169: 11160: 11159: 11157: 11155: 11149: 11138: 11130: 11124: 11123: 11121: 11119: 11104: 11098: 11097: 11095: 11093: 11078: 11072: 11071: 11069: 11067: 11061: 11050: 11042: 11036: 11035: 11017: 11011: 11010: 11008: 11006: 10991: 10985: 10984: 10982: 10980: 10969:"Indian monsoon" 10965: 10959: 10958: 10956: 10954: 10939: 10933: 10932: 10930: 10928: 10908: 10902: 10901: 10899: 10897: 10882: 10876: 10875: 10857: 10851: 10850: 10848: 10846: 10825: 10819: 10818: 10816: 10814: 10795: 10789: 10788: 10760: 10754: 10753: 10751: 10749: 10743: 10732: 10724: 10718: 10717: 10715: 10713: 10698:"Deccan Plateau" 10694: 10688: 10687: 10685: 10683: 10667: 10661: 10660: 10658: 10656: 10641: 10635: 10634: 10632: 10630: 10615: 10609: 10608: 10600: 10594: 10593: 10591: 10589: 10574: 10568: 10567: 10549: 10543: 10542: 10540: 10538: 10532: 10525: 10517: 10511: 10510: 10502: 10496: 10495: 10475: 10469: 10468: 10450: 10444: 10443: 10441: 10439: 10424: 10418: 10417: 10415: 10413: 10387: 10381: 10380: 10378: 10376: 10349:10.1038/35002501 10320: 10314: 10313: 10311: 10309: 10294: 10288: 10287: 10285: 10283: 10277: 10270: 10262: 10256: 10255: 10253: 10251: 10230: 10224: 10223: 10215: 10209: 10208: 10206: 10204: 10185: 10174: 10173: 10171: 10169: 10163: 10156: 10147: 10141: 10140: 10138: 10136: 10114: 10108: 10107: 10105: 10103: 10075: 10069: 10068: 10066: 10064: 10043: 10037: 10036: 10034: 10032: 10022: 10014: 10008: 10007: 10005: 10003: 9993: 9985: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9974: 9953: 9947: 9946: 9944: 9942: 9921: 9915: 9914: 9909: 9907: 9867: 9861: 9860: 9852: 9846: 9845: 9843: 9841: 9819: 9813: 9812: 9792: 9786: 9785: 9783: 9781: 9766:"Vellore Mutiny" 9761: 9755: 9754: 9752: 9750: 9741:. 17 July 2006. 9731: 9725: 9724: 9706: 9700: 9699: 9697: 9695: 9676: 9670: 9669: 9667: 9665: 9637: 9631: 9630: 9622: 9616: 9615: 9579: 9573: 9572: 9570: 9568: 9549: 9543: 9542: 9540: 9538: 9519: 9513: 9512: 9510: 9508: 9480: 9474: 9473: 9471: 9469: 9447: 9441: 9440: 9432: 9426: 9425: 9399: 9393: 9392: 9390: 9388: 9360: 9354: 9353: 9351: 9349: 9321: 9315: 9314: 9312: 9310: 9292: 9286: 9285: 9267: 9261: 9260: 9258: 9256: 9241:"Danish flavour" 9237: 9231: 9230: 9228: 9226: 9207: 9201: 9200: 9198: 9196: 9181: 9175: 9174: 9156: 9150: 9149: 9141: 9135: 9134: 9132: 9130: 9102: 9096: 9095: 9077: 9071: 9070: 9052: 9046: 9045: 9027: 9021: 9020: 9018: 9016: 8990: 8984: 8983: 8958: 8952: 8951: 8925: 8919: 8918: 8898: 8892: 8891: 8871: 8865: 8864: 8844: 8838: 8837: 8835: 8833: 8814: 8808: 8807: 8789: 8783: 8782: 8774: 8768: 8767: 8765: 8763: 8744: 8735: 8734: 8732: 8730: 8702: 8696: 8695: 8677: 8671: 8670: 8652: 8646: 8645: 8637: 8631: 8630: 8622: 8616: 8615: 8613: 8611: 8596:"Pandya dynasty" 8592: 8586: 8585: 8583: 8581: 8566: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8552: 8506: 8500: 8499: 8481: 8475: 8474: 8466: 8460: 8459: 8451: 8445: 8444: 8436: 8430: 8429: 8421: 8415: 8414: 8412: 8410: 8382: 8376: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8348: 8342: 8341: 8323: 8317: 8316: 8307: 8305: 8290: 8284: 8283: 8271: 8265: 8264: 8246: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8235: 8220: 8214: 8213: 8195: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8154: 8148: 8147: 8145: 8143: 8122: 8116: 8115: 8113: 8111: 8090: 8084: 8083: 8081: 8079: 8059: 8053: 8052: 8050: 8048: 8029: 8023: 8022: 8020: 8018: 8002: 7996: 7995: 7993: 7991: 7970: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7959: 7938: 7932: 7931: 7929: 7927: 7912: 7906: 7905: 7903: 7901: 7886:"Kambaramayanam" 7882: 7876: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7854:"Cilappatikaram" 7850: 7844: 7843: 7841: 7839: 7826:"Cilappatikaram" 7822: 7816: 7815: 7813: 7811: 7790: 7784: 7783: 7781: 7779: 7762: 7756: 7755: 7737: 7728: 7727: 7725: 7723: 7704: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7671: 7662: 7661: 7650: 7639: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7615: 7609: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7598: 7587: 7579: 7495:Madras Boat Club 7242:Hogenakkal Falls 7200:established the 6901: 6896:Indian Air Force 6770: 6764: 6762: 6761: 6757: 6754: 6746: 6684:Non electrified 6642: 6638: 6630:Steam locomotive 6590:Madurai Junction 6554:Southern Railway 6510:public transport 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6405: 6401: 6345:Tamil television 6197:Headquarters of 6132:Power and energy 6073:General Hospital 6044:General Hospital 5947:Green Revolution 5799:", a recognized 5790: 5788: 5781:knitwear capital 5755:Detroit of India 5657: 5655: 5589: 5587: 5576: 5574: 5563: 5561: 5515:Chennai Sangamam 5437:Kartika Pournami 5425:Karthikai Deepam 5362:harvest festival 4866: 4854: 4842: 4830: 4788:, and the epics 4504:Mandarin Chinese 4419: 4409: 4399: 4389: 4379: 4369: 4270: 4269: 4256: 4255: 4240: 4239: 4224: 4223: 4208: 4207: 4187: 4183: 4006: 3996: 3969: 3959: 3919: 3910: 3909: 3906:, respectively. 3878:Cities and towns 3838:Scheduled tribes 3834:Scheduled Castes 3654: 3649: 3641: 3637: 3598:(AIADMK) led by 3565:Jawaharlal Nehru 3499:safest for women 3329:panchayat unions 3299:administered by 3219: 3215: 3198:Gloriosa superba 3168:Cirrochroa thais 3120: 3116: 2998:. There are two 2992:Tiruvidaimarudur 2986:forests in India 2940:–Agasthyamalai, 2938:Project Elephant 2934:Indian elephants 2615:medicinal plants 2502:tropical climate 2315:at the southern 2281:Indian peninsula 2158:Subramaniya Siva 2044:Maruthu brothers 2020:Seven Years' War 2004:Battle of Madras 1869: 1866: 1862: 1806:Rajendra Chola I 1782:Vijayalaya Chola 1774:Rajendra Chola I 1715:Mahendravarman I 1557:Sangam landscape 1365:bird sanctuaries 1344:tourism industry 1308: 1306: 1291: 1289: 1139:at the southern 1105:Indian peninsula 1088:, who speak the 1064: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1052: 1047: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1006: 969: 860: 842: 839: 837: 811: 796: 795: 789: 774: 770: 769: 763: 709: 707: 701: 700: 678: 676: 670: 669: 663: 352:38 (5 divisions) 324: 322:and largest city 266: 264: 263: 251: 250: 248: 247: 246: 241: 237: 234: 233: 232: 229: 213: 158: 132:Hogenakkal Falls 111: 100: 93: 82: 75: 64: 35: 34: 21: 32718: 32717: 32713: 32712: 32711: 32709: 32708: 32707: 32663: 32662: 32661: 32651: 32649: 32637: 32629: 32627: 32622: 32621: 32616: 32497:Anna University 32480: 32364: 32253: 32117: 32016: 31709: 31703: 31694: 31692: 31690: 31660: 31655: 31641:Water Resources 31432: 31419: 31417: 31415: 31385: 31380: 31371:Govi. Chezhiaan 31356:M. Mathiventhan 31301:Ma. Subramanian 31281:K. Ramachandran 31256:T. M. Anbarasan 31183: 31181: 31175: 31120:K. C. Veeramani 31095:C. Vijayabaskar 31060:K. P. Anbalagan 31010:J. Jayalalithaa 31002: 31000: 30994: 30990:C. Vijayabaskar 30980:K. C. Veeramani 30970:T. P. Poonatchi 30900:N. R. Sivapathi 30885:Budhichandhiran 30845:Selvi Ramajayam 30835:G. Senthamizhan 30765:R. Vaithilingam 30760:C. Shanmugavelu 30735:J. Jayalalithaa 30727: 30725: 30719: 30710:K. Ramachandran 30645:T. M. Anbarasan 30620:N. Suresh Rajan 30552: 30550: 30544: 30535:K. P. Anbalagan 30523:P. V. Damodaran 30508:V. Somasundaram 30501:S. Ramachandran 30498:V. D. Natarajan 30465:R. Vaithilingam 30460:C. Shanmugavelu 30456:R. Jeevanantham 30364:Ayyaru Vandayar 30340:J. Jayalalithaa 30332: 30330: 30324: 30310:N. Suresh Rajan 30189: 30187: 30181: 30046:R. M. Veerappan 30026:J. Jayalalithaa 30018: 30016: 30010: 29981:E. Ramakrishnan 29946:K. P. Kandasamy 29913: 29911: 29905: 29902:P. Sundararajan 29898:P. U. Shanmugam 29806:R. M. Veerappan 29773: 29771: 29765: 29714:S. N. Rajendran 29686:P. Kolandaivelu 29666:R. M. Veerappan 29633: 29631: 29625: 29600:P. Kolandaivelu 29565:R. M. Veerappan 29534: 29532: 29526: 29475:P. U. Shanmugam 29465:N. V. Natarajan 29442: 29440: 29434: 29425:N. V. Natarajan 29407:P. U. Shanmugam 29366:C. N. Annadurai 29358: 29356: 29350: 29318:R. Venkataraman 29300: 29298: 29292: 29273:R. Venkataraman 29263:B. Parameswaran 29230: 29228: 29222: 29213:B. Parameswaran 29118: 29116: 29110: 29097: 29095: 29093: 29063: 29054: 28935:Anna University 28918: 28802: 28691: 28555: 28454: 28152: 28137: 28123:Water Resources 27909: 27887: 27834: 27805:M. Mathiventhan 27745:K. Ramachandran 27720:T. M. Anbarasan 27651: 27633: 27606: 27588: 27579: 27577: 27575: 27545: 27540: 27518: 27473: 27455: 27437: 27411: 27375: 27334: 27294: 27280:Kongu Vellalars 27240: 27232: 27208:Protected areas 27164: 27142:Chief Ministers 27127: 27119: 27066: 27058: 27023: 27015: 27010: 26977: 26924: 26771: 26766: 26736: 26731: 26723: 26721: 26715: 26682: 26633:Tiruchirappalli 26479: 26465:Tiruchirappalli 26436: 26397:Protected areas 26318: 26274:Chief ministers 26255: 26246: 26196: 26189: 26174: 26161: 26159: 26157: 26114: 26101: 26096: 26086: 26084: 26069: 26068: 26064: 26054: 26052: 26051:. 24 April 2006 26043:"City of speed" 26041: 26040: 26036: 26023: 26021: 26004: 26000: 25990: 25988: 25973: 25972: 25968: 25958: 25956: 25949: 25933: 25929: 25919: 25917: 25908: 25907: 25903: 25893: 25891: 25886:. 31 May 2016. 25876: 25875: 25871: 25861: 25859: 25850: 25849: 25845: 25835: 25833: 25816: 25812: 25802: 25800: 25787: 25786: 25782: 25772: 25770: 25762:Hindustan Times 25755: 25754: 25750: 25740: 25738: 25725: 25724: 25720: 25710: 25708: 25703:. 30 May 2011. 25693: 25692: 25688: 25678: 25676: 25671:. 24 May 2011. 25661: 25660: 25656: 25646: 25644: 25631: 25630: 25626: 25616: 25614: 25609:. 2 June 2018. 25601: 25600: 25596: 25586: 25584: 25569: 25568: 25564: 25554: 25552: 25539: 25538: 25534: 25524: 25522: 25517:. Sporteology. 25513: 25512: 25508: 25497: 25493: 25483: 25481: 25464: 25460: 25450: 25448: 25421: 25417: 25407: 25405: 25392: 25391: 25387: 25377: 25375: 25360: 25359: 25355: 25348: 25330: 25326: 25319: 25301: 25297: 25287: 25285: 25272: 25271: 25267: 25257: 25255: 25248: 25232: 25228: 25218: 25216: 25199: 25195: 25185: 25183: 25170: 25169: 25165: 25155: 25153: 25136: 25132: 25122: 25120: 25103: 25099: 25089: 25075: 25071: 25061: 25059: 25046: 25045: 25041: 25031: 25029: 25024:. Pro Kabbadi. 25020: 25019: 25015: 25008: 24994: 24990: 24980: 24978: 24963: 24959: 24949: 24947: 24934: 24933: 24929: 24919: 24917: 24894: 24893: 24889: 24879: 24877: 24864: 24863: 24859: 24849: 24847: 24838: 24837: 24833: 24823: 24821: 24808: 24807: 24803: 24793: 24791: 24778: 24777: 24773: 24763: 24761: 24748: 24747: 24743: 24732: 24728: 24718: 24716: 24701: 24700: 24696: 24686: 24684: 24671: 24670: 24666: 24656: 24654: 24641: 24640: 24636: 24626: 24624: 24611: 24610: 24606: 24596: 24594: 24587: 24573:EARSeL (2002). 24571: 24567: 24557: 24555: 24542: 24541: 24537: 24527: 24525: 24521: 24510: 24506: 24505: 24501: 24491: 24489: 24485: 24478: 24474: 24473: 24469: 24459: 24457: 24442: 24441: 24434: 24424: 24422: 24413: 24412: 24408: 24398: 24396: 24392: 24385: 24381: 24380: 24376: 24366: 24364: 24355: 24354: 24350: 24340: 24338: 24327: 24326: 24322: 24312: 24310: 24301: 24300: 24296: 24286: 24284: 24269: 24268: 24264: 24254: 24252: 24235: 24231: 24221: 24219: 24215: 24204: 24200: 24199: 24195: 24185: 24183: 24170: 24169: 24165: 24155: 24153: 24140: 24139: 24135: 24125: 24123: 24119: 24112: 24108: 24107: 24103: 24093: 24091: 24078: 24077: 24073: 24063: 24061: 24048: 24047: 24043: 24033: 24031: 24027: 24016: 24012: 24011: 24007: 23997: 23995: 23990:. 6 June 2023. 23982: 23981: 23977: 23967: 23965: 23956: 23955: 23951: 23941: 23939: 23934: 23933: 23929: 23919: 23917: 23902: 23901: 23897: 23887: 23885: 23881: 23870: 23866: 23865: 23861: 23851: 23849: 23845: 23834: 23830: 23829: 23825: 23815: 23813: 23798: 23797: 23793: 23783: 23781: 23766: 23765: 23761: 23751: 23749: 23734: 23733: 23729: 23719: 23717: 23713: 23702: 23698: 23697: 23690: 23673: 23672: 23668: 23658: 23656: 23647: 23646: 23642: 23632: 23630: 23625:. Civil India. 23621: 23620: 23616: 23606: 23604: 23599:. 23 May 2023. 23591: 23590: 23586: 23576: 23574: 23569:. 1 June 2022. 23561: 23560: 23556: 23546: 23544: 23529: 23528: 23524: 23514: 23512: 23508: 23497: 23493: 23492: 23488: 23478: 23476: 23461: 23457: 23447: 23445: 23432: 23431: 23427: 23417: 23415: 23400: 23399: 23395: 23385: 23383: 23356: 23352: 23342: 23340: 23333: 23317: 23313: 23306: 23290: 23286: 23276: 23274: 23270: 23259: 23255: 23254: 23250: 23240: 23238: 23233:. 14 May 2003. 23223: 23222: 23218: 23208: 23206: 23193: 23192: 23188: 23178: 23176: 23171:. Indian Navy. 23167: 23166: 23162: 23152: 23150: 23146: 23131: 23127: 23126: 23122: 23112: 23110: 23103:The News Minute 23097: 23096: 23092: 23082: 23080: 23067: 23066: 23062: 23052: 23050: 23037: 23036: 23032: 23022: 23020: 23007: 23006: 23002: 22992: 22990: 22986: 22975: 22971: 22970: 22966: 22956: 22954: 22950: 22943: 22939: 22938: 22931: 22921: 22919: 22915: 22904: 22900: 22899: 22895: 22885: 22883: 22879: 22868: 22864: 22863: 22859: 22853: 22852: 22848: 22841: 22827: 22823: 22813: 22811: 22798: 22797: 22793: 22783: 22781: 22777: 22766: 22762: 22761: 22757: 22747: 22745: 22734: 22733: 22729: 22719: 22717: 22708: 22707: 22703: 22693: 22691: 22682: 22681: 22677: 22667: 22665: 22656: 22655: 22651: 22641: 22639: 22630: 22629: 22625: 22615: 22613: 22609: 22602: 22598: 22597: 22593: 22583: 22581: 22577: 22566: 22562: 22561: 22554: 22544: 22542: 22533: 22532: 22528: 22518: 22516: 22503: 22502: 22498: 22488: 22486: 22482: 22471: 22467: 22466: 22462: 22452: 22450: 22441: 22440: 22436: 22426: 22424: 22420: 22409: 22405: 22404: 22397: 22387: 22385: 22376: 22375: 22371: 22361: 22359: 22350: 22349: 22345: 22335: 22333: 22329: 22322: 22320:History of SETC 22318: 22317: 22313: 22303: 22301: 22297: 22290: 22288:Tamil Nadu STUs 22286: 22285: 22276: 22266: 22264: 22260: 22245: 22241: 22240: 22236: 22226: 22224: 22220: 22209: 22205: 22204: 22200: 22190: 22188: 22171: 22170: 22166: 22156: 22154: 22137: 22136: 22127: 22117: 22115: 22098: 22097: 22093: 22083: 22081: 22077: 22066: 22062: 22061: 22057: 22047: 22045: 22041: 22026: 22022: 22021: 22014: 22004: 22002: 21989: 21988: 21984: 21974: 21972: 21968: 21957: 21953: 21952: 21948: 21938: 21936: 21927: 21926: 21922: 21915: 21901: 21897: 21887: 21885: 21876: 21875: 21871: 21861: 21859: 21844: 21840: 21830: 21828: 21815: 21814: 21810: 21800: 21798: 21794: 21787: 21783: 21782: 21778: 21771: 21755: 21751: 21741: 21739: 21730: 21729: 21725: 21715: 21713: 21696: 21692: 21682: 21680: 21665: 21664: 21660: 21650: 21648: 21633: 21632: 21628: 21618: 21616: 21607: 21606: 21602: 21592: 21590: 21577: 21576: 21572: 21562: 21560: 21551: 21550: 21546: 21536: 21534: 21530: 21519: 21515: 21514: 21510: 21500: 21498: 21494: 21483: 21479: 21478: 21474: 21464: 21462: 21458: 21447: 21443: 21442: 21438: 21431: 21415: 21411: 21404: 21390: 21386: 21376: 21374: 21361: 21360: 21356: 21346: 21344: 21331: 21330: 21326: 21316: 21314: 21310: 21299: 21293: 21289: 21279: 21277: 21270: 21254: 21250: 21240: 21238: 21223: 21222: 21218: 21208: 21206: 21191: 21187: 21177: 21175: 21162: 21161: 21157: 21147: 21145: 21132: 21131: 21127: 21117: 21115: 21111: 21092: 21086: 21082: 21072: 21070: 21057: 21056: 21052: 21042: 21040: 21036: 21025: 21021: 21020: 21013: 21003: 21001: 20988: 20987: 20983: 20973: 20971: 20958: 20957: 20953: 20943: 20941: 20928: 20927: 20923: 20913: 20911: 20898: 20897: 20893: 20883: 20881: 20866: 20865: 20861: 20851: 20849: 20834: 20833: 20829: 20819: 20817: 20813: 20806: 20802: 20801: 20794: 20784: 20782: 20773: 20772: 20768: 20758: 20756: 20747: 20746: 20742: 20732: 20730: 20715: 20714: 20710: 20700: 20698: 20685: 20684: 20680: 20670: 20668: 20661: 20650:Medical Tourism 20645: 20641: 20631: 20629: 20614: 20613: 20609: 20599: 20597: 20582: 20581: 20577: 20567: 20565: 20528: 20524: 20514: 20512: 20508: 20497: 20493: 20492: 20488: 20478: 20476: 20472: 20461: 20457: 20456: 20452: 20442: 20440: 20436: 20425: 20421: 20420: 20416: 20406: 20404: 20391: 20390: 20386: 20376: 20374: 20370: 20359: 20355: 20354: 20350: 20340: 20338: 20325: 20324: 20320: 20310: 20308: 20304: 20293: 20289: 20288: 20284: 20274: 20272: 20259: 20258: 20254: 20244: 20242: 20233: 20232: 20228: 20218: 20216: 20212: 20205: 20199: 20198: 20194: 20184: 20182: 20178: 20171: 20165: 20164: 20160: 20150: 20148: 20135: 20134: 20130: 20120: 20118: 20110: 20109: 20105: 20095: 20093: 20089: 20078: 20074: 20073: 20066: 20047: 20043: 20033: 20031: 20018: 20017: 20013: 20003: 20001: 19988: 19987: 19983: 19973: 19971: 19967: 19956: 19952: 19951: 19947: 19937: 19935: 19922: 19921: 19917: 19910: 19892: 19888: 19878: 19876: 19867: 19866: 19862: 19852: 19850: 19837: 19836: 19832: 19822: 19820: 19809:"State profile" 19807: 19806: 19802: 19792: 19790: 19777: 19776: 19772: 19762: 19760: 19747: 19746: 19742: 19732: 19730: 19717: 19716: 19712: 19702: 19700: 19687: 19686: 19682: 19672: 19670: 19657: 19656: 19652: 19642: 19640: 19627: 19626: 19622: 19612: 19610: 19597: 19596: 19592: 19582: 19580: 19576: 19565: 19561: 19560: 19553: 19542: 19538: 19528: 19526: 19509: 19505: 19495: 19493: 19478: 19474: 19464: 19462: 19449: 19448: 19444: 19434: 19432: 19409: 19408: 19404: 19394: 19392: 19379: 19378: 19374: 19364: 19362: 19357:. 26 May 2015. 19347: 19346: 19342: 19332: 19330: 19315: 19314: 19310: 19300: 19298: 19281: 19277: 19267: 19265: 19261: 19250: 19246: 19245: 19241: 19231: 19229: 19216: 19215: 19211: 19201: 19199: 19186: 19185: 19181: 19171: 19169: 19156: 19155: 19151: 19141: 19139: 19126: 19125: 19121: 19111: 19109: 19102:Indian Railways 19096: 19095: 19091: 19081: 19079: 19072: 19056: 19052: 19042: 19040: 19027: 19026: 19022: 19012: 19010: 18993: 18992: 18988: 18978: 18976: 18971:. 1 June 2023. 18961: 18960: 18956: 18946: 18944: 18939:. 5 July 2023. 18936:Hindustan Times 18929: 18928: 18924: 18914: 18912: 18897: 18896: 18892: 18882: 18880: 18871: 18870: 18866: 18856: 18854: 18849: 18848: 18844: 18834: 18832: 18815: 18811: 18801: 18799: 18782: 18778: 18768: 18766: 18751: 18747: 18737: 18735: 18718: 18714: 18704: 18702: 18693: 18692: 18688: 18678: 18676: 18661: 18660: 18656: 18646: 18644: 18629: 18628: 18624: 18614: 18612: 18603: 18602: 18598: 18588: 18586: 18571: 18570: 18566: 18556: 18554: 18539: 18538: 18534: 18524: 18522: 18513: 18512: 18508: 18498: 18496: 18479: 18475: 18465: 18463: 18458:. 4 July 2023. 18450: 18449: 18445: 18435: 18433: 18420: 18419: 18415: 18405: 18403: 18390: 18389: 18385: 18375: 18373: 18360: 18359: 18352: 18342: 18340: 18327: 18326: 18322: 18312: 18310: 18295: 18294: 18290: 18280: 18278: 18265: 18264: 18260: 18250: 18248: 18235: 18234: 18230: 18220: 18218: 18205: 18204: 18200: 18190: 18188: 18173: 18172: 18168: 18158: 18156: 18152: 18145: 18139: 18135: 18128: 18112: 18108: 18098: 18096: 18081: 18080: 18076: 18066: 18064: 18049: 18048: 18044: 18037: 18021: 18017: 18010: 17994: 17990: 17983: 17969: 17965: 17958: 17940: 17936: 17926: 17924: 17917: 17901: 17897: 17887: 17885: 17878: 17862: 17858: 17851: 17835: 17831: 17824: 17808: 17804: 17794: 17792: 17775: 17771: 17752: 17748: 17738: 17736: 17729: 17713: 17709: 17702: 17686: 17682: 17672: 17670: 17663: 17647: 17643: 17620:10.2307/2797924 17604: 17600: 17590: 17588: 17581: 17565: 17561: 17551: 17549: 17538:"A way of life" 17536: 17535: 17531: 17521: 17519: 17504: 17503: 17499: 17489: 17487: 17472: 17471: 17467: 17457: 17455: 17440: 17439: 17435: 17425: 17423: 17416: 17400: 17396: 17386: 17384: 17377: 17361: 17357: 17345: 17344: 17335: 17334: 17327: 17325: 17310: 17306: 17296: 17294: 17279: 17278: 17274: 17264: 17262: 17247: 17246: 17242: 17232: 17230: 17217: 17216: 17212: 17202: 17200: 17189: 17188: 17184: 17174: 17172: 17157: 17156: 17152: 17142: 17140: 17125: 17121: 17111: 17109: 17096: 17095: 17091: 17081: 17079: 17064: 17063: 17056: 17049: 17035: 17031: 17024: 17010: 17006: 16999: 16985: 16981: 16974:Musica Asiatica 16970: 16966: 16959: 16945: 16941: 16931: 16929: 16922: 16906: 16902: 16892: 16890: 16883: 16867: 16863: 16832: 16828: 16821: 16807: 16803: 16796: 16782: 16778: 16771: 16757: 16753: 16744: 16743: 16739: 16732: 16718: 16714: 16707: 16693: 16689: 16679: 16677: 16670: 16654: 16650: 16643: 16629: 16625: 16615: 16613: 16606: 16590: 16586: 16579: 16565: 16561: 16551: 16549: 16534: 16533: 16529: 16519: 16517: 16504: 16503: 16499: 16489: 16487: 16474: 16473: 16469: 16459: 16457: 16438: 16434: 16424: 16422: 16418: 16395: 16389: 16385: 16378: 16364: 16360: 16350: 16348: 16333: 16332: 16328: 16318: 16316: 16307: 16306: 16302: 16295: 16281: 16277: 16270: 16256: 16252: 16245: 16231: 16227: 16216: 16212: 16205: 16191: 16187: 16177: 16175: 16154: 16153: 16149: 16138: 16134: 16127: 16113: 16109: 16099: 16097: 16082: 16078: 16068: 16066: 16051: 16047: 16040: 16026: 16022: 16015: 16001: 15997: 15990: 15976: 15972: 15965: 15951: 15947: 15937: 15923: 15919: 15912: 15898: 15894: 15884: 15882: 15875: 15851: 15847: 15837: 15835: 15822: 15821: 15817: 15794:10.2307/2053325 15778: 15774: 15751:10.2307/2943246 15735: 15731: 15713:10.2307/3520429 15697: 15693: 15683: 15681: 15680:on 27 June 2018 15662: 15658: 15651: 15635: 15631: 15621: 15619: 15615: 15574: 15568: 15564: 15554: 15552: 15539: 15538: 15534: 15527: 15513: 15509: 15499: 15497: 15484: 15483: 15479: 15469: 15467: 15458: 15457: 15453: 15446: 15432: 15428: 15421: 15407: 15403: 15396: 15382: 15378: 15371: 15349: 15345: 15335: 15333: 15320: 15319: 15315: 15305: 15303: 15290: 15289: 15285: 15275: 15273: 15269: 15258: 15254: 15253: 15246: 15236: 15234: 15219: 15218: 15214: 15204: 15202: 15189: 15188: 15181: 15171: 15169: 15156: 15155: 15151: 15144: 15130: 15126: 15119: 15105: 15101: 15094: 15080: 15076: 15069: 15055: 15051: 15041: 15039: 15026: 15025: 15021: 15011: 15009: 14996: 14995: 14991: 14981: 14979: 14966: 14965: 14961: 14951: 14949: 14936: 14932: 14922: 14920: 14903: 14899: 14889: 14887: 14882:. 27 May 2013. 14874: 14873: 14869: 14859: 14857: 14840: 14836: 14826: 14824: 14809: 14808: 14804: 14795:. 14 May 2018. 14785: 14784: 14780: 14759: 14755: 14738: 14737: 14730: 14720: 14718: 14703: 14702: 14698: 14677: 14673: 14666: 14658:. p. 480. 14648: 14644: 14637: 14623: 14619: 14609: 14607: 14594: 14593: 14589: 14579: 14577: 14552: 14548: 14538: 14536: 14523: 14522: 14518: 14508: 14506: 14493: 14492: 14485: 14475: 14473: 14460: 14459: 14455: 14445: 14443: 14428: 14427: 14423: 14413: 14411: 14396: 14395: 14391: 14381: 14379: 14366: 14365: 14361: 14351: 14349: 14330: 14326: 14316: 14314: 14299: 14298: 14294: 14284: 14282: 14265: 14264: 14260: 14250: 14248: 14233: 14232: 14228: 14218: 14216: 14211:. 12 May 2012. 14201: 14200: 14196: 14186: 14184: 14169: 14168: 14164: 14154: 14152: 14135: 14134: 14130: 14120: 14118: 14103: 14102: 14098: 14088: 14086: 14071: 14070: 14066: 14056: 14054: 14039: 14038: 14034: 14024: 14022: 14009: 14008: 14004: 13994: 13992: 13977: 13976: 13972: 13962: 13960: 13945: 13944: 13940: 13927: 13926: 13922: 13912: 13910: 13906: 13891: 13887: 13886: 13879: 13869: 13867: 13863: 13852: 13848: 13847: 13840: 13830: 13828: 13819: 13818: 13811: 13801: 13799: 13790: 13789: 13785: 13775: 13773: 13769: 13758: 13754: 13753: 13749: 13739: 13737: 13733: 13722: 13718: 13717: 13713: 13703: 13701: 13694: 13690: 13689: 13685: 13675: 13673: 13661: 13657: 13656: 13649: 13639: 13637: 13624: 13623: 13619: 13609: 13607: 13594: 13593: 13589: 13579: 13577: 13568: 13567: 13563: 13553: 13551: 13547: 13536: 13532: 13531: 13527: 13517: 13515: 13511: 13500: 13496: 13495: 13491: 13484: 13470: 13466: 13456: 13454: 13437: 13433: 13423: 13421: 13404: 13400: 13390: 13388: 13373: 13372: 13368: 13358: 13356: 13313: 13309: 13299: 13297: 13282: 13281: 13277: 13267: 13265: 13261: 13250: 13246: 13245: 13241: 13231: 13229: 13225: 13214: 13208: 13204: 13179: 13175: 13165: 13163: 13150: 13149: 13140: 13130: 13128: 13113: 13112: 13108: 13085: 13081: 13074: 13060: 13053: 13043: 13041: 13028: 13027: 13023: 13013: 13011: 13007: 12996: 12992: 12991: 12987: 12977: 12975: 12971: 12960: 12956: 12955: 12951: 12941: 12939: 12935: 12924: 12920: 12919: 12915: 12905: 12903: 12894: 12893: 12889: 12879: 12877: 12862: 12858: 12848: 12846: 12842: 12831: 12827: 12826: 12819: 12809: 12807: 12794: 12793: 12789: 12779: 12777: 12773: 12762: 12758: 12757: 12753: 12743: 12741: 12728: 12727: 12723: 12713: 12711: 12698: 12697: 12690: 12680: 12678: 12674: 12663: 12659: 12658: 12654: 12644: 12642: 12629: 12628: 12624: 12614: 12612: 12597: 12596: 12592: 12582: 12580: 12567: 12566: 12557: 12547: 12545: 12536: 12535: 12531: 12521: 12519: 12510: 12509: 12505: 12498: 12486:(22 ed.). 12477: 12473: 12463: 12461: 12453: 12449: 12448: 12444: 12434: 12432: 12419: 12418: 12414: 12404: 12402: 12387: 12386: 12382: 12372: 12370: 12358: 12354: 12344: 12342: 12338: 12327: 12323: 12322: 12318: 12308: 12306: 12293: 12292: 12285: 12275: 12273: 12260: 12259: 12250: 12240: 12238: 12225: 12224: 12220: 12210: 12208: 12195: 12194: 12190: 12180: 12178: 12173:. 22 May 2024. 12163: 12162: 12158: 12148: 12146: 12131: 12130: 12126: 12116: 12114: 12099: 12098: 12094: 12084: 12082: 12069: 12068: 12064: 12054: 12052: 12043: 12042: 12038: 12028: 12026: 12002:Panthera pardus 11996: 11992: 11982: 11980: 11950: 11946: 11936: 11934: 11930: 11922:, Dehradun and 11915: 11905: 11901: 11891: 11889: 11874: 11873: 11869: 11862: 11848: 11844: 11833: 11829: 11819: 11817: 11804: 11803: 11799: 11789: 11787: 11772: 11771: 11767: 11757: 11755: 11740: 11739: 11735: 11725: 11723: 11698: 11694: 11684: 11682: 11669: 11668: 11664: 11654: 11652: 11637: 11636: 11632: 11622: 11620: 11613: 11597: 11593: 11583: 11581: 11566: 11565: 11561: 11551: 11549: 11540: 11539: 11535: 11525: 11523: 11510: 11509: 11505: 11495: 11493: 11484: 11483: 11462: 11451: 11447: 11436: 11432: 11422: 11420: 11411: 11410: 11406: 11399: 11385: 11381: 11371: 11369: 11365: 11358: 11354: 11353: 11349: 11339: 11337: 11336:on 29 June 2022 11333: 11322: 11318: 11317: 11313: 11303: 11301: 11292: 11291: 11287: 11277: 11275: 11264:"Western Ghats" 11262: 11261: 11257: 11247: 11245: 11241: 11234: 11230: 11229: 11225: 11215: 11213: 11205: 11201: 11200: 11196: 11186: 11184: 11171: 11170: 11163: 11153: 11151: 11147: 11136: 11132: 11131: 11127: 11117: 11115: 11106: 11105: 11101: 11091: 11089: 11080: 11079: 11075: 11065: 11063: 11059: 11048: 11044: 11043: 11039: 11032: 11018: 11014: 11004: 11002: 10993: 10992: 10988: 10978: 10976: 10967: 10966: 10962: 10952: 10950: 10941: 10940: 10936: 10926: 10924: 10923:on 8 March 2010 10909: 10905: 10895: 10893: 10884: 10883: 10879: 10872: 10858: 10854: 10844: 10842: 10837:. 17 May 2002. 10827: 10826: 10822: 10812: 10810: 10797: 10796: 10792: 10785: 10761: 10757: 10747: 10745: 10741: 10730: 10726: 10725: 10721: 10711: 10709: 10696: 10695: 10691: 10681: 10679: 10668: 10664: 10654: 10652: 10643: 10642: 10638: 10628: 10626: 10617: 10616: 10612: 10601: 10597: 10587: 10585: 10576: 10575: 10571: 10564: 10550: 10546: 10536: 10534: 10530: 10523: 10519: 10518: 10514: 10503: 10499: 10492: 10476: 10472: 10465: 10451: 10447: 10437: 10435: 10428:"Eastern Ghats" 10426: 10425: 10421: 10411: 10409: 10388: 10384: 10374: 10372: 10321: 10317: 10307: 10305: 10296: 10295: 10291: 10281: 10279: 10275: 10268: 10264: 10263: 10259: 10249: 10247: 10234:"Adam's bridge" 10232: 10231: 10227: 10216: 10212: 10202: 10200: 10187: 10186: 10177: 10167: 10165: 10161: 10154: 10148: 10144: 10134: 10132: 10115: 10111: 10101: 10099: 10092: 10076: 10072: 10062: 10060: 10055:. 6 July 2023. 10045: 10044: 10040: 10030: 10028: 10020: 10016: 10015: 10011: 10001: 9999: 9991: 9987: 9986: 9982: 9972: 9970: 9955: 9954: 9950: 9940: 9938: 9923: 9922: 9918: 9905: 9903: 9868: 9864: 9853: 9849: 9839: 9837: 9820: 9816: 9809: 9793: 9789: 9779: 9777: 9762: 9758: 9748: 9746: 9733: 9732: 9728: 9721: 9707: 9703: 9693: 9691: 9678: 9677: 9673: 9663: 9661: 9654: 9638: 9634: 9623: 9619: 9580: 9576: 9566: 9564: 9551: 9550: 9546: 9536: 9534: 9521: 9520: 9516: 9506: 9504: 9497: 9481: 9477: 9467: 9465: 9448: 9444: 9433: 9429: 9414: 9400: 9396: 9386: 9384: 9377: 9361: 9357: 9347: 9345: 9338: 9322: 9318: 9308: 9306: 9293: 9289: 9282: 9268: 9264: 9254: 9252: 9239: 9238: 9234: 9224: 9222: 9209: 9208: 9204: 9194: 9192: 9183: 9182: 9178: 9171: 9157: 9153: 9142: 9138: 9128: 9126: 9119: 9103: 9099: 9092: 9078: 9074: 9067: 9053: 9049: 9042: 9028: 9024: 9014: 9012: 8991: 8987: 8980: 8959: 8955: 8948: 8927: 8926: 8922: 8915: 8899: 8895: 8888: 8872: 8868: 8861: 8845: 8841: 8831: 8829: 8816: 8815: 8811: 8804: 8790: 8786: 8775: 8771: 8761: 8759: 8746: 8745: 8738: 8728: 8726: 8719: 8703: 8699: 8692: 8678: 8674: 8667: 8653: 8649: 8638: 8634: 8623: 8619: 8609: 8607: 8594: 8593: 8589: 8579: 8577: 8568: 8567: 8560: 8550: 8548: 8533: 8507: 8503: 8496: 8482: 8478: 8467: 8463: 8452: 8448: 8437: 8433: 8422: 8418: 8408: 8406: 8399: 8383: 8379: 8369: 8367: 8350: 8349: 8345: 8338: 8324: 8320: 8303: 8301: 8292: 8291: 8287: 8272: 8268: 8261: 8247: 8243: 8233: 8231: 8222: 8221: 8217: 8210: 8196: 8192: 8182: 8180: 8155: 8151: 8141: 8139: 8124: 8123: 8119: 8109: 8107: 8102:. 1 July 2009. 8092: 8091: 8087: 8077: 8075: 8068:The News Minute 8060: 8056: 8046: 8044: 8031: 8030: 8026: 8016: 8014: 8003: 7999: 7989: 7987: 7972: 7971: 7967: 7957: 7955: 7940: 7939: 7935: 7925: 7923: 7914: 7913: 7909: 7899: 7897: 7884: 7883: 7879: 7869: 7867: 7852: 7851: 7847: 7837: 7835: 7824: 7823: 7819: 7809: 7807: 7792: 7791: 7787: 7777: 7775: 7764: 7763: 7759: 7752: 7738: 7731: 7721: 7719: 7706: 7705: 7698: 7688: 7686: 7673: 7672: 7665: 7652: 7651: 7642: 7632: 7630: 7617: 7616: 7612: 7602: 7600: 7596: 7585: 7581: 7580: 7573: 7569: 7547: 7525:is held at the 7306:Tamil Thalaivas 7280: 7274: 7176: 7170: 7068:Anna University 6989: 6983: 6943: 6899: 6860:Chennai airport 6835:Nevill Vintcent 6789: 6766: 6759: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6749:3 ft 6748: 6744: 6622:Tiruchirappalli 6578:Chennai Central 6566:Tiruchirappalli 6558:Indian Railways 6535:Chennai Central 6528: 6522: 6388: 6374: 6369: 6353: 6317:All India Radio 6305:All India Radio 6275:Government-run 6191: 6164:. The plant at 6134: 6089: 6081:Medical tourism 6036: 5960: 5955: 5840: 5808:Tiruchirappalli 5786: 5785: 5763:Indian Railways 5728: 5676:stock exchanges 5653: 5652: 5627: 5583: 5582: 5570: 5569: 5557: 5556: 5549:reform-oriented 5545: 5539: 5525:, initiated by 5481:Panguni Uthiram 5340: 5247:drum instrument 5239:reed instrument 5206:system of music 5144: 5138: 4981: 4975: 4917:Arunagirinathar 4891:Bhakti movement 4798:. The earliest 4757: 4646: 4590:Cilappadhikaram 4569: 4564: 4558: 4526: 4520: 4480:Proto-Dravidian 4424: 4423: 4422: 4421: 4417: 4415: 4407: 4405: 4397: 4395: 4387: 4385: 4377: 4375: 4367: 4359: 4281: 4271: 4267: 4266: 4257: 4253: 4252: 4241: 4237: 4236: 4225: 4221: 4220: 4209: 4205: 4204: 4182: 4177: 4060:Tiruchirappalli 4055:Tiruchirappalli 4009:Tiruchirappalli 4007: 4001: 3997: 3970: 3964: 3960: 3924: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3900:Tiruchirappalli 3892: 3886: 3880: 3860:life expectancy 3801: 3636: 3628:APJ Abdul Kalam 3624:R. Venkataraman 3612:J. Jayalalithaa 3583:(DMK) in 1949. 3577:C. N. Annadurai 3541:E. V. Ramaswamy 3517: 3509:Main articles: 3507: 3459: 3435:Fort St. George 3352:Fort St. George 3345: 3325:town panchayats 3315:consists of 15 3273:state executive 3269: 3214: 3209: 2948:, Nilgiris and 2692:Indian laburnum 2570: 2562:Main articles: 2560: 2558:Flora and fauna 2478: 2432: 2341:maritime border 2333:union territory 2258: 2252: 2247: 2235:reform-oriented 2225:participation, 2178: 2079:Fort St. George 2010:and resisted a 1988:Fort St. George 1943:, built by the 1900: 1867: 1853:Delhi Sultanate 1849: 1741:and temples in 1707:Bhakti movement 1692:Pallava dynasty 1677: 1569:was ruled by a 1559: 1547:Main articles: 1530: 1484: 1479: 1473: 1377: 1342:. The state's 1302: 1301: 1285: 1284: 1169:maritime border 1161:union territory 1062: 1054: 1053: 1045: 1023: 1003: 999: 975: 884: 865: 834: 809: 787: 772: 761: 703: 702: 672: 671: 661: 642:Official script 617: 320: 319: 307:1 November 1956 261: 259: 244: 242: 238: 235: 230: 227: 225: 223: 222: 216: 203: 190: 179: 176:Nickname: 166: 165: 164: 163: 146: 117: 116: 115: 114: 113: 112: 103: 102: 101: 94: 85: 84: 83: 76: 67: 66: 65: 49: 40: 33: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 32716: 32706: 32705: 32700: 32695: 32690: 32685: 32680: 32675: 32660: 32659: 32647: 32624: 32623: 32618: 32617: 32615: 32614: 32609: 32604: 32599: 32594: 32589: 32584: 32579: 32574: 32569: 32564: 32559: 32554: 32549: 32544: 32539: 32534: 32529: 32524: 32519: 32514: 32509: 32504: 32499: 32494: 32488: 32486: 32482: 32481: 32479: 32478: 32473: 32468: 32463: 32458: 32453: 32448: 32443: 32438: 32433: 32428: 32423: 32418: 32413: 32408: 32403: 32398: 32393: 32388: 32383: 32378: 32372: 32370: 32366: 32365: 32363: 32362: 32357: 32352: 32347: 32342: 32337: 32332: 32327: 32322: 32317: 32312: 32307: 32302: 32297: 32292: 32287: 32282: 32277: 32272: 32267: 32261: 32259: 32255: 32254: 32252: 32251: 32246: 32241: 32236: 32231: 32226: 32221: 32216: 32211: 32206: 32201: 32196: 32191: 32186: 32181: 32176: 32171: 32166: 32161: 32156: 32151: 32146: 32141: 32136: 32131: 32125: 32123: 32119: 32118: 32116: 32115: 32110: 32105: 32100: 32095: 32090: 32085: 32080: 32075: 32070: 32065: 32060: 32055: 32050: 32045: 32040: 32035: 32030: 32024: 32022: 32021:Nodal agencies 32018: 32017: 32015: 32014: 32009: 32004: 31999: 31994: 31989: 31984: 31979: 31974: 31969: 31964: 31959: 31954: 31949: 31944: 31939: 31934: 31929: 31924: 31919: 31914: 31909: 31904: 31899: 31894: 31889: 31884: 31879: 31874: 31869: 31864: 31859: 31854: 31849: 31844: 31839: 31834: 31829: 31824: 31819: 31814: 31809: 31804: 31799: 31794: 31789: 31784: 31779: 31774: 31769: 31764: 31759: 31754: 31749: 31744: 31739: 31734: 31729: 31724: 31719: 31713: 31711: 31705: 31704: 31689: 31688: 31681: 31674: 31666: 31657: 31656: 31654: 31653: 31648: 31643: 31638: 31633: 31628: 31623: 31618: 31613: 31611:Social Reforms 31608: 31603: 31598: 31593: 31588: 31583: 31578: 31573: 31568: 31563: 31558: 31553: 31548: 31543: 31538: 31533: 31528: 31523: 31518: 31513: 31508: 31503: 31498: 31493: 31488: 31483: 31478: 31473: 31468: 31463: 31458: 31453: 31448: 31443: 31437: 31434: 31433: 31414: 31413: 31406: 31399: 31391: 31382: 31381: 31379: 31378: 31373: 31368: 31366:T. R. B. Rajaa 31363: 31358: 31353: 31348: 31343: 31338: 31333: 31328: 31323: 31318: 31313: 31308: 31303: 31298: 31293: 31288: 31286:R. Sakkarapani 31283: 31278: 31273: 31268: 31263: 31258: 31253: 31248: 31243: 31238: 31233: 31228: 31223: 31218: 31213: 31208: 31203: 31198: 31193: 31187: 31185: 31177: 31176: 31174: 31173: 31168: 31163: 31158: 31155: 31150: 31145: 31140: 31135: 31134:Nilofer Kafeel 31132: 31127: 31122: 31117: 31112: 31107: 31102: 31100:R. Doraikkannu 31097: 31092: 31087: 31082: 31077: 31072: 31067: 31062: 31057: 31052: 31047: 31045:S. P. Velumani 31042: 31037: 31035:Sellur K. Raju 31032: 31027: 31022: 31017: 31012: 31006: 31004: 30996: 30995: 30993: 30992: 30987: 30985:S. Abdul Rahim 30982: 30977: 30972: 30967: 30962: 30957: 30952: 30947: 30942: 30937: 30932: 30927: 30922: 30917: 30912: 30907: 30902: 30897: 30892: 30887: 30882: 30877: 30872: 30867: 30862: 30860:N. Subramanian 30857: 30852: 30847: 30842: 30837: 30832: 30827: 30822: 30817: 30815:S. P. Velumani 30812: 30807: 30802: 30797: 30792: 30790:Sellur K. Raju 30787: 30782: 30780:P. Palaniappan 30777: 30775:C. Karuppasamy 30772: 30767: 30762: 30757: 30755:K. P. Munusamy 30752: 30747: 30742: 30737: 30731: 30729: 30721: 30720: 30718: 30717: 30712: 30707: 30702: 30697: 30692: 30687: 30682: 30677: 30672: 30667: 30662: 30657: 30652: 30647: 30642: 30637: 30632: 30627: 30622: 30617: 30612: 30607: 30602: 30597: 30592: 30587: 30582: 30577: 30572: 30567: 30562: 30560:M. Karunanidhi 30556: 30554: 30546: 30545: 30543: 30542: 30537: 30532: 30527: 30524: 30521: 30516: 30513: 30510: 30505: 30502: 30499: 30496: 30493: 30488: 30483: 30482:R. Vilvanathan 30480: 30475: 30473:S. M. Velusamy 30470: 30467: 30462: 30457: 30454: 30449: 30447:A. K. Selvaraj 30444: 30439: 30434: 30429: 30424: 30422:V. Subramanian 30419: 30414: 30409: 30404: 30399: 30396: 30394:K. Pandurangan 30391: 30388: 30383: 30382:P. C. Ramasamy 30380: 30375: 30370: 30365: 30362: 30357: 30355:M. Thambidurai 30352: 30347: 30342: 30336: 30334: 30326: 30325: 30323: 30322: 30317: 30312: 30307: 30302: 30297: 30294: 30289: 30284: 30279: 30274: 30269: 30264: 30259: 30254: 30252:A. Rahman Khan 30249: 30244: 30239: 30234: 30229: 30224: 30219: 30214: 30209: 30204: 30199: 30197:M. Karunanidhi 30193: 30191: 30183: 30182: 30180: 30179: 30174: 30171: 30168: 30163: 30160: 30157: 30152: 30147: 30142: 30137: 30132: 30131:D. Janardhanan 30129: 30127:Durai Ramasamy 30124: 30119: 30114: 30112:G. Viswanathan 30109: 30104: 30101: 30096: 30091: 30086: 30081: 30078: 30073: 30068: 30063: 30058: 30053: 30048: 30043: 30038: 30033: 30028: 30022: 30020: 30012: 30011: 30009: 30008: 30003: 29998: 29993: 29988: 29983: 29978: 29973: 29968: 29963: 29958: 29953: 29948: 29943: 29938: 29933: 29928: 29923: 29921:M. Karunanidhi 29917: 29915: 29907: 29906: 29904: 29903: 29900: 29895: 29893:A. Arunachalam 29890: 29887: 29882: 29879: 29874: 29869: 29864: 29859: 29857:Y. S. M. Yusuf 29854: 29851: 29846: 29844:M. R. Govindan 29841: 29838: 29833: 29828: 29823: 29818: 29813: 29808: 29803: 29798: 29793: 29788: 29783: 29777: 29775: 29767: 29766: 29764: 29763: 29758: 29753: 29750: 29748:R. Arunachalam 29745: 29743:Y. S. M. Yusuf 29740: 29737: 29734: 29732:M. R. Govindan 29729: 29726: 29721: 29716: 29711: 29706: 29701: 29698: 29693: 29688: 29683: 29678: 29673: 29668: 29663: 29658: 29653: 29648: 29643: 29637: 29635: 29627: 29626: 29624: 29623: 29618: 29615: 29610: 29605: 29602: 29597: 29592: 29587: 29582: 29577: 29572: 29567: 29562: 29557: 29554: 29549: 29544: 29538: 29536: 29528: 29527: 29525: 29524: 29519: 29516: 29513: 29508: 29503: 29500: 29495: 29492: 29487: 29482: 29477: 29472: 29467: 29462: 29457: 29452: 29450:M. Karunanidhi 29446: 29444: 29436: 29435: 29433: 29432: 29427: 29422: 29419: 29414: 29409: 29404: 29401: 29396: 29391: 29386: 29385:A. Govindasamy 29383: 29378: 29376:M. Karunanidhi 29373: 29368: 29362: 29360: 29352: 29351: 29349: 29348: 29343: 29338: 29335: 29330: 29325: 29320: 29315: 29310: 29304: 29302: 29294: 29293: 29291: 29290: 29285: 29280: 29275: 29270: 29265: 29260: 29255: 29250: 29248:C. Subramaniam 29245: 29240: 29234: 29232: 29224: 29223: 29221: 29220: 29215: 29210: 29205: 29200: 29195: 29193:D. Sanjeevaiah 29190: 29185: 29180: 29177: 29172: 29169: 29168:R. Nagan Gowda 29166: 29164:U. Krishna Rao 29161: 29156: 29151: 29150:N. Ranga Reddi 29148: 29143: 29141:C. Subramaniam 29138: 29133: 29128: 29122: 29120: 29112: 29111: 29092: 29091: 29084: 29077: 29069: 29060: 29059: 29056: 29055: 29053: 29052: 29047: 29042: 29037: 29032: 29027: 29022: 29017: 29012: 29007: 29002: 28997: 28992: 28987: 28982: 28977: 28972: 28967: 28962: 28957: 28952: 28947: 28942: 28937: 28932: 28926: 28924: 28920: 28919: 28917: 28916: 28911: 28906: 28901: 28896: 28891: 28886: 28881: 28876: 28871: 28866: 28861: 28856: 28851: 28846: 28841: 28836: 28831: 28826: 28821: 28816: 28810: 28808: 28804: 28803: 28801: 28800: 28795: 28790: 28785: 28780: 28775: 28770: 28765: 28760: 28755: 28750: 28745: 28740: 28735: 28730: 28725: 28720: 28715: 28710: 28705: 28699: 28697: 28693: 28692: 28690: 28689: 28684: 28679: 28674: 28669: 28664: 28659: 28654: 28649: 28644: 28639: 28634: 28629: 28624: 28619: 28614: 28609: 28604: 28599: 28594: 28589: 28584: 28579: 28574: 28569: 28563: 28561: 28557: 28556: 28554: 28553: 28548: 28543: 28538: 28533: 28528: 28523: 28518: 28513: 28508: 28503: 28498: 28493: 28488: 28483: 28478: 28473: 28468: 28462: 28460: 28459:Nodal agencies 28456: 28455: 28453: 28452: 28447: 28442: 28437: 28432: 28427: 28422: 28417: 28412: 28407: 28402: 28397: 28392: 28387: 28382: 28377: 28372: 28367: 28362: 28357: 28352: 28347: 28342: 28337: 28332: 28327: 28322: 28317: 28312: 28307: 28302: 28297: 28292: 28287: 28282: 28277: 28272: 28267: 28262: 28257: 28252: 28247: 28242: 28237: 28232: 28227: 28222: 28217: 28212: 28207: 28202: 28197: 28192: 28187: 28182: 28177: 28172: 28167: 28162: 28156: 28154: 28145: 28139: 28138: 28136: 28135: 28130: 28125: 28120: 28115: 28110: 28105: 28100: 28095: 28093:Social Reforms 28090: 28085: 28080: 28075: 28070: 28065: 28060: 28055: 28050: 28045: 28040: 28035: 28030: 28025: 28020: 28015: 28010: 28005: 28000: 27995: 27990: 27985: 27980: 27975: 27970: 27965: 27960: 27955: 27950: 27945: 27940: 27935: 27930: 27925: 27919: 27917: 27911: 27910: 27908: 27907: 27897: 27895: 27889: 27888: 27886: 27885: 27884: 27883: 27873: 27872: 27871: 27869:Deputy speaker 27861: 27860: 27859: 27848: 27846: 27840: 27839: 27836: 27835: 27833: 27832: 27827: 27825:Govi. Chezhian 27822: 27817: 27812: 27807: 27802: 27797: 27792: 27787: 27782: 27777: 27772: 27767: 27765:M. Subramaniam 27762: 27757: 27752: 27750:R. Sakkarapani 27747: 27742: 27737: 27732: 27727: 27722: 27717: 27712: 27707: 27702: 27697: 27692: 27687: 27682: 27677: 27672: 27667: 27661: 27659: 27653: 27652: 27650: 27649: 27643: 27641: 27635: 27634: 27632: 27631: 27625: 27623: 27621:Chief Minister 27614: 27608: 27607: 27605: 27604: 27598: 27596: 27590: 27589: 27574: 27573: 27566: 27559: 27551: 27542: 27541: 27539: 27538: 27531: 27523: 27520: 27519: 27517: 27516: 27511: 27506: 27505: 27504: 27494: 27489: 27483: 27481: 27475: 27474: 27472: 27471: 27465: 27463: 27457: 27456: 27451: 27449: 27443: 27442: 27439: 27438: 27436: 27435: 27430: 27425: 27419: 27417: 27413: 27412: 27410: 27409: 27404: 27399: 27394: 27389: 27383: 27381: 27377: 27376: 27374: 27373: 27368: 27363: 27358: 27353: 27348: 27342: 27340: 27336: 27335: 27333: 27332: 27327: 27322: 27317: 27311: 27309: 27302: 27296: 27295: 27293: 27292: 27287: 27282: 27277: 27272: 27267: 27262: 27257: 27252: 27246: 27244: 27234: 27233: 27231: 27230: 27225: 27220: 27215: 27210: 27205: 27200: 27195: 27190: 27185: 27183:Gulf of Mannar 27180: 27174: 27172: 27166: 27165: 27163: 27162: 27154: 27149: 27144: 27139: 27133: 27131: 27121: 27120: 27118: 27117: 27112: 27107: 27102: 27097: 27092: 27087: 27082: 27076: 27074: 27068: 27067: 27057: 27056: 27049: 27042: 27034: 27028: 27025: 27024: 27012: 27011: 27009: 27008: 27003: 26998: 26993: 26988: 26982: 26979: 26978: 26976: 26975: 26970: 26965: 26960: 26955: 26950: 26945: 26940: 26934: 26932: 26926: 26925: 26923: 26922: 26917: 26912: 26907: 26902: 26897: 26892: 26887: 26882: 26877: 26872: 26867: 26862: 26857: 26852: 26847: 26845:Madhya Pradesh 26842: 26837: 26832: 26827: 26822: 26817: 26812: 26807: 26802: 26797: 26792: 26787: 26785:Andhra Pradesh 26781: 26779: 26773: 26772: 26765: 26764: 26757: 26750: 26742: 26733: 26732: 26720: 26717: 26716: 26714: 26713: 26708: 26703: 26698: 26692: 26690: 26684: 26683: 26681: 26680: 26675: 26670: 26665: 26660: 26658:Tiruvannamalai 26655: 26650: 26645: 26640: 26635: 26630: 26625: 26620: 26615: 26610: 26605: 26600: 26595: 26593:Ramanathapuram 26590: 26585: 26580: 26575: 26570: 26565: 26563:Mayiladuthurai 26560: 26555: 26550: 26545: 26540: 26535: 26530: 26525: 26520: 26515: 26510: 26505: 26500: 26495: 26489: 26487: 26481: 26480: 26478: 26477: 26472: 26467: 26462: 26457: 26452: 26446: 26444: 26438: 26437: 26435: 26434: 26429: 26424: 26419: 26414: 26409: 26404: 26399: 26394: 26389: 26384: 26379: 26374: 26369: 26364: 26359: 26354: 26349: 26344: 26339: 26334: 26328: 26326: 26320: 26319: 26317: 26316: 26311: 26306: 26305: 26304: 26299: 26291: 26286: 26281: 26276: 26271: 26265: 26263: 26257: 26256: 26249: 26247: 26245: 26244: 26238: 26232: 26226: 26220: 26214: 26208: 26201: 26199: 26191: 26190: 26179: 26176: 26175: 26156: 26155: 26148: 26141: 26133: 26127: 26126: 26111: 26100: 26099:External links 26097: 26095: 26094: 26062: 26034: 25998: 25966: 25947: 25927: 25901: 25883:Times of India 25869: 25843: 25810: 25780: 25748: 25718: 25700:Times of India 25686: 25668:Times of India 25654: 25624: 25594: 25562: 25532: 25506: 25491: 25458: 25415: 25385: 25353: 25346: 25324: 25317: 25311:. p. 63. 25295: 25265: 25246: 25226: 25193: 25163: 25130: 25097: 25087: 25069: 25039: 25013: 25006: 24988: 24957: 24927: 24887: 24857: 24831: 24801: 24771: 24741: 24726: 24694: 24664: 24634: 24604: 24585: 24565: 24535: 24499: 24467: 24432: 24406: 24374: 24348: 24334:Times of India 24320: 24294: 24262: 24229: 24193: 24163: 24133: 24101: 24071: 24041: 24005: 23975: 23949: 23927: 23895: 23859: 23823: 23791: 23759: 23727: 23688: 23666: 23640: 23614: 23584: 23554: 23522: 23486: 23455: 23425: 23393: 23350: 23331: 23311: 23304: 23284: 23257:Literacy rates 23248: 23216: 23186: 23160: 23129:Ports of India 23120: 23090: 23060: 23030: 23000: 22964: 22929: 22893: 22857: 22846: 22839: 22821: 22791: 22755: 22727: 22701: 22675: 22649: 22623: 22591: 22552: 22526: 22496: 22460: 22434: 22395: 22369: 22343: 22311: 22274: 22234: 22198: 22164: 22125: 22091: 22055: 22024:Highway policy 22012: 21982: 21946: 21920: 21913: 21895: 21869: 21852:New York Times 21838: 21808: 21776: 21769: 21749: 21723: 21690: 21658: 21626: 21600: 21570: 21544: 21508: 21472: 21454:. p. 32. 21436: 21429: 21409: 21402: 21384: 21354: 21324: 21287: 21268: 21248: 21216: 21185: 21155: 21125: 21097:IGC Newsletter 21080: 21050: 21011: 20981: 20951: 20921: 20891: 20859: 20841:Times of India 20827: 20792: 20766: 20740: 20722:Economic Times 20708: 20678: 20659: 20653:. p. 71. 20639: 20607: 20589:Times of India 20575: 20542:(3): 175–179. 20522: 20486: 20450: 20414: 20384: 20348: 20318: 20282: 20252: 20226: 20192: 20158: 20128: 20103: 20064: 20041: 20011: 19981: 19945: 19915: 19908: 19886: 19860: 19830: 19800: 19770: 19740: 19710: 19680: 19650: 19620: 19590: 19572:. p. 12. 19551: 19536: 19503: 19472: 19442: 19402: 19372: 19340: 19308: 19275: 19239: 19209: 19179: 19149: 19119: 19089: 19070: 19050: 19020: 18986: 18954: 18922: 18904:Times of India 18890: 18864: 18842: 18809: 18776: 18745: 18712: 18686: 18654: 18636:Times of India 18622: 18596: 18581:. 2 May 2023. 18578:Times of India 18564: 18532: 18506: 18473: 18443: 18413: 18383: 18350: 18320: 18302:Times of India 18288: 18258: 18228: 18198: 18166: 18133: 18126: 18106: 18074: 18056:Indian Express 18042: 18035: 18015: 18008: 17988: 17981: 17963: 17956: 17934: 17915: 17895: 17876: 17856: 17849: 17829: 17822: 17813:Happy New Year 17802: 17769: 17746: 17727: 17707: 17700: 17680: 17661: 17641: 17598: 17579: 17559: 17529: 17514:. 9 May 2011. 17511:Times of India 17497: 17465: 17433: 17414: 17394: 17375: 17355: 17304: 17272: 17240: 17210: 17199:. 3 April 2009 17182: 17150: 17119: 17089: 17071:Indian Express 17054: 17047: 17029: 17022: 17004: 16997: 16979: 16964: 16957: 16939: 16920: 16900: 16881: 16861: 16842:(2): 213–243. 16826: 16819: 16801: 16794: 16776: 16769: 16751: 16737: 16730: 16712: 16705: 16687: 16668: 16648: 16641: 16623: 16604: 16584: 16577: 16559: 16527: 16497: 16467: 16432: 16383: 16376: 16358: 16340:Times of India 16326: 16300: 16293: 16275: 16268: 16250: 16243: 16225: 16210: 16203: 16185: 16147: 16132: 16125: 16107: 16076: 16045: 16038: 16020: 16013: 16005:Kamba Ramayana 15995: 15988: 15970: 15963: 15945: 15935: 15917: 15910: 15892: 15873: 15845: 15815: 15772: 15745:(3): 603–616. 15729: 15691: 15656: 15649: 15629: 15562: 15532: 15525: 15507: 15477: 15451: 15444: 15426: 15419: 15401: 15394: 15376: 15369: 15343: 15313: 15283: 15244: 15212: 15179: 15149: 15142: 15124: 15117: 15099: 15092: 15074: 15067: 15049: 15019: 14989: 14959: 14930: 14897: 14880:United Nations 14867: 14834: 14816:Indian Express 14802: 14778: 14753: 14728: 14696: 14671: 14664: 14642: 14635: 14617: 14587: 14562:(3): 318–334. 14546: 14516: 14483: 14453: 14421: 14389: 14359: 14338:Madras Musings 14324: 14292: 14271:Madras Musings 14258: 14226: 14194: 14162: 14141:Madras Musings 14128: 14096: 14064: 14032: 14002: 13970: 13938: 13920: 13877: 13859:. p. 35. 13838: 13809: 13783: 13765:. p. 25. 13747: 13711: 13683: 13647: 13617: 13587: 13561: 13543:. p. 56. 13525: 13489: 13482: 13464: 13431: 13398: 13366: 13307: 13275: 13239: 13202: 13173: 13138: 13106: 13079: 13072: 13051: 13021: 12985: 12949: 12931:. p. 12. 12913: 12887: 12856: 12817: 12787: 12751: 12721: 12688: 12652: 12622: 12604:Times of India 12590: 12555: 12540:. Britannica. 12529: 12514:. Britannica. 12503: 12496: 12480:Durga Das Basu 12471: 12442: 12412: 12380: 12352: 12316: 12283: 12248: 12218: 12188: 12156: 12141:. 7 May 2021. 12124: 12092: 12062: 12036: 11990: 11956:Macaca silenus 11944: 11899: 11867: 11860: 11842: 11827: 11797: 11765: 11733: 11692: 11662: 11644:Times of India 11630: 11611: 11591: 11559: 11533: 11503: 11460: 11445: 11430: 11404: 11397: 11379: 11347: 11311: 11285: 11255: 11223: 11194: 11161: 11125: 11099: 11073: 11037: 11030: 11012: 10986: 10971:. Britannica. 10960: 10934: 10903: 10877: 10870: 10852: 10820: 10790: 10783: 10755: 10737:. p. 20. 10719: 10689: 10662: 10636: 10610: 10595: 10569: 10562: 10544: 10512: 10497: 10490: 10470: 10463: 10445: 10419: 10382: 10315: 10289: 10257: 10225: 10210: 10175: 10142: 10109: 10090: 10070: 10038: 10009: 9980: 9948: 9916: 9862: 9847: 9814: 9807: 9787: 9756: 9726: 9719: 9701: 9671: 9652: 9632: 9617: 9590:(4): 881–896. 9574: 9544: 9514: 9495: 9475: 9442: 9427: 9412: 9394: 9375: 9355: 9336: 9330:. OUP Oxford. 9316: 9287: 9280: 9262: 9232: 9202: 9176: 9169: 9151: 9136: 9117: 9097: 9090: 9072: 9065: 9047: 9040: 9022: 8985: 8978: 8953: 8946: 8920: 8913: 8893: 8886: 8866: 8859: 8839: 8809: 8802: 8784: 8769: 8736: 8717: 8697: 8690: 8672: 8665: 8647: 8632: 8617: 8587: 8558: 8531: 8501: 8494: 8476: 8461: 8446: 8431: 8416: 8397: 8377: 8343: 8336: 8318: 8285: 8266: 8259: 8241: 8215: 8208: 8190: 8149: 8117: 8085: 8054: 8024: 7997: 7965: 7933: 7907: 7877: 7845: 7817: 7785: 7757: 7750: 7729: 7696: 7663: 7640: 7610: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7564: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7546: 7543: 7276:Main article: 7273: 7270: 7252:in the state: 7189:is a declared 7172:Main article: 7169: 7166: 6985:Main article: 6982: 6979: 6942: 6939: 6868:Tiruchirapalli 6811:Island Grounds 6788: 6785: 6715: 6714: 6711: 6708: 6705: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6689: 6688: 6685: 6682: 6678: 6677: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6661: 6656: 6650: 6649: 6646: 6582:Chennai Egmore 6524:Main article: 6521: 6518: 6493:state highways 6465: 6464: 6459: 6456: 6453: 6450: 6447: 6444: 6440: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6384:Main article: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6367:Transportation 6365: 6352: 6349: 6341:Direct to Home 6214:Madras Gazette 6190: 6187: 6133: 6130: 6088: 6085: 6065:United Nations 6052:leading states 6035: 6032: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5953:Infrastructure 5951: 5895:natural rubber 5839: 5836: 5727: 5724: 5722:in the state. 5692:Bank of Madras 5656:576.87 billion 5626: 5623: 5562:23.65 trillion 5541:Main article: 5538: 5535: 5531:Carnatic music 5413:Hindu calendar 5409:Tamil calendar 5364:celebrated by 5339: 5336: 5314:is a blend of 5305:15 August 1947 5301:Fort St George 5259:Carnatic music 5253:is a group of 5210:Silappatikaram 5137: 5134: 5118:Indo-Saracenic 5114:Gothic revival 5015:pillared halls 4974: 4971: 4812:consisting of 4790:Cilappatikaram 4756: 4753: 4645: 4642: 4568: 4565: 4560:Main article: 4557: 4554: 4522:Main article: 4519: 4516: 4416: 4406: 4396: 4386: 4376: 4366: 4362: 4361: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4277:Main article: 4273: 4272: 4265: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4251: 4249: 4243: 4242: 4235: 4233: 4227: 4226: 4219: 4217: 4211: 4210: 4203: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4191: 4181: 4178: 4174: 4173: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4156: 4155: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4138: 4137: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4120: 4119: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4102: 4101: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4084: 4083: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4047: 4044: 4039: 4034: 4030: 4029: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4012: 4011: 3990: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3974: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3926: 3925: 3921: 3916: 3913: 3908: 3882:Main article: 3879: 3876: 3848:fertility rate 3797:Main article: 3793: 3792: 3788: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3777: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3766: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3755: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3744: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3733: 3732: 3729: 3726: 3722: 3721: 3718: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3700: 3699: 3696: 3693: 3689: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3678: 3677: 3674: 3671: 3667: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3635: 3632: 3608:M. Karunanidhi 3545:1937 elections 3506: 3503: 3458: 3455: 3445:and 18 to the 3427:1952 elections 3409:established a 3377:chief minister 3344: 3341: 3321:municipalities 3305:revenue blocks 3261: 3260: 3257: 3251: 3250: 3245: 3243:Chief minister 3239: 3238: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3223: 3213: 3212:Administration 3210: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3201: 3191: 3181: 3171: 3161: 3151: 3140: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3127: 3124: 3112:Indian leopard 3104:Nilgiri langur 3068:Salem district 3044:Tiruchirapalli 3020:Coimbatore Zoo 2970:Sathyamangalam 2958:tiger reserves 2950:Srivilliputtur 2918:Gulf of Mannar 2906:National Parks 2866:in South India 2785:Gulf of Mannar 2781:Cardamom Hills 2578:Asian elephant 2559: 2556: 2552:severe drought 2548:water scarcity 2477: 2474: 2431: 2428: 2401:Deccan plateau 2329:Andhra Pradesh 2305:Gulf of Mannar 2289:Deccan Plateau 2254:Main article: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2223:private sector 2190:Andhra Pradesh 2177: 2174: 2138:Tamil diaspora 2099:Vellore mutiny 2060:Mysore kingdom 1899: 1896: 1892:palayakkararar 1848: 1845: 1676: 1673: 1657:Silappatikaram 1605:vedic religion 1529: 1526: 1483: 1480: 1475:Main article: 1472: 1469: 1455:Cilappatikaram 1444:Cilappatikaram 1409:Andhra Pradesh 1381:Tamil language 1376: 1373: 1357:National Parks 1355:forests, five 1294:second-largest 1290:23.65 trillion 1157:Andhra Pradesh 1129:Gulf of Mannar 1113:Deccan Plateau 1090:Tamil language 991: 990: 987: 986: 980: 979: 971: 970: 962: 961: 955: 954: 949: 943: 942: 937: 931: 930: 925: 921: 920: 915: 909: 908: 903: 899: 898: 893: 887: 886: 877: 871: 870: 867: 866: 861: 853: 852: 848: 847: 844: 843: 832: 828: 827: 812: 803: 802: 790: 781: 780: 764: 755: 754: 751: 745: 744: 739: 733: 732: 722: 716: 715: 695: 691: 690: 685: 681: 680: 677:23.93 trillion 664: 657: 656: 650: 649: 644: 637: 636: 631: 624: 623: 619: 618: 616: 615: 610: 604: 602: 596: 595: 592: 588: 587: 584: 580: 579: 576: 572: 571: 566: 562: 561: 558: 554: 553: 549: 548: 545: 541: 540: 537: 533: 532: 529: 525: 524: 521: 517: 516: 512: 511: 506: 502: 501: 498: 494: 493: 489: 488: 485: 484: 479: 473: 472: 467: 460: 459: 454: 447: 446: 439: 435: 434: 424: 417: 416: 411: 405: 404: 401: 400: 390: 388:Chief minister 383: 382: 377: 370: 369: 364: 360: 359: 355: 354: 349: 343: 342: 337: 331: 330: 325: 313: 312: 309: 308: 305: 299: 298: 293: 289: 288: 286: 283: 282: 277: 271: 270: 257: 253: 252: 218: 217: 214: 206: 205: 192: 191: 188: 181: 180: 177: 173: 172: 168: 167: 159: 153: 152: 151: 148: 147: 118: 106: 105: 104: 95: 88: 87: 86: 77: 70: 69: 68: 59: 58: 57: 56: 55: 54: 51: 50: 45: 42: 41: 38: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 32715: 32704: 32701: 32699: 32696: 32694: 32691: 32689: 32686: 32684: 32681: 32679: 32676: 32674: 32671: 32670: 32668: 32658: 32648: 32646: 32641: 32636: 32635: 32632: 32613: 32610: 32608: 32605: 32603: 32600: 32598: 32595: 32593: 32590: 32588: 32585: 32583: 32580: 32578: 32575: 32573: 32570: 32568: 32565: 32563: 32560: 32558: 32555: 32553: 32550: 32548: 32545: 32543: 32540: 32538: 32535: 32533: 32530: 32528: 32525: 32523: 32520: 32518: 32515: 32513: 32510: 32508: 32505: 32503: 32500: 32498: 32495: 32493: 32490: 32489: 32487: 32483: 32477: 32474: 32472: 32469: 32467: 32464: 32462: 32459: 32457: 32454: 32452: 32449: 32447: 32444: 32442: 32439: 32437: 32434: 32432: 32429: 32427: 32424: 32422: 32419: 32417: 32414: 32412: 32409: 32407: 32404: 32402: 32399: 32397: 32394: 32392: 32389: 32387: 32384: 32382: 32379: 32377: 32374: 32373: 32371: 32367: 32361: 32358: 32356: 32353: 32351: 32348: 32346: 32343: 32341: 32338: 32336: 32333: 32331: 32328: 32326: 32323: 32321: 32318: 32316: 32313: 32311: 32308: 32306: 32303: 32301: 32298: 32296: 32293: 32291: 32288: 32286: 32283: 32281: 32278: 32276: 32273: 32271: 32268: 32266: 32263: 32262: 32260: 32256: 32250: 32247: 32245: 32242: 32240: 32237: 32235: 32232: 32230: 32227: 32225: 32222: 32220: 32217: 32215: 32212: 32210: 32207: 32205: 32202: 32200: 32197: 32195: 32192: 32190: 32187: 32185: 32182: 32180: 32177: 32175: 32172: 32170: 32167: 32165: 32162: 32160: 32157: 32155: 32152: 32150: 32147: 32145: 32142: 32140: 32137: 32135: 32132: 32130: 32127: 32126: 32124: 32120: 32114: 32111: 32109: 32106: 32104: 32101: 32099: 32096: 32094: 32091: 32089: 32086: 32084: 32081: 32079: 32076: 32074: 32071: 32069: 32066: 32064: 32061: 32059: 32056: 32054: 32051: 32049: 32046: 32044: 32041: 32039: 32036: 32034: 32031: 32029: 32026: 32025: 32023: 32019: 32013: 32010: 32008: 32005: 32003: 32000: 31998: 31995: 31993: 31990: 31988: 31985: 31983: 31980: 31978: 31975: 31973: 31970: 31968: 31965: 31963: 31960: 31958: 31955: 31953: 31950: 31948: 31945: 31943: 31940: 31938: 31935: 31933: 31930: 31928: 31925: 31923: 31920: 31918: 31915: 31913: 31910: 31908: 31905: 31903: 31900: 31898: 31895: 31893: 31890: 31888: 31885: 31883: 31880: 31878: 31875: 31873: 31870: 31868: 31865: 31863: 31860: 31858: 31855: 31853: 31850: 31848: 31845: 31843: 31840: 31838: 31835: 31833: 31830: 31828: 31825: 31823: 31820: 31818: 31815: 31813: 31810: 31808: 31805: 31803: 31800: 31798: 31795: 31793: 31790: 31788: 31785: 31783: 31780: 31778: 31775: 31773: 31770: 31768: 31765: 31763: 31760: 31758: 31755: 31753: 31750: 31748: 31745: 31743: 31740: 31738: 31735: 31733: 31730: 31728: 31725: 31723: 31720: 31718: 31715: 31714: 31712: 31708:Public sector 31706: 31702: 31687: 31682: 31680: 31675: 31673: 31668: 31667: 31664: 31652: 31649: 31647: 31644: 31642: 31639: 31637: 31634: 31632: 31629: 31627: 31624: 31622: 31619: 31617: 31614: 31612: 31609: 31607: 31604: 31602: 31599: 31597: 31594: 31592: 31589: 31587: 31584: 31582: 31579: 31577: 31574: 31572: 31569: 31567: 31564: 31562: 31559: 31557: 31554: 31552: 31549: 31547: 31544: 31542: 31539: 31537: 31534: 31532: 31529: 31527: 31524: 31522: 31519: 31517: 31514: 31512: 31509: 31507: 31504: 31502: 31499: 31497: 31494: 31492: 31489: 31487: 31484: 31482: 31479: 31477: 31474: 31472: 31469: 31467: 31464: 31462: 31459: 31457: 31454: 31452: 31449: 31447: 31444: 31442: 31439: 31438: 31435: 31431: 31427: 31412: 31407: 31405: 31400: 31398: 31393: 31392: 31389: 31377: 31374: 31372: 31369: 31367: 31364: 31362: 31361:N. Kayalvizhi 31359: 31357: 31354: 31352: 31349: 31347: 31346:C. V. Ganesan 31344: 31342: 31339: 31337: 31334: 31332: 31329: 31327: 31324: 31322: 31319: 31317: 31314: 31312: 31309: 31307: 31304: 31302: 31299: 31297: 31294: 31292: 31289: 31287: 31284: 31282: 31279: 31277: 31274: 31272: 31269: 31267: 31264: 31262: 31259: 31257: 31254: 31252: 31249: 31247: 31244: 31242: 31239: 31237: 31234: 31232: 31229: 31227: 31224: 31222: 31219: 31217: 31214: 31212: 31211:I. Periyasamy 31209: 31207: 31204: 31202: 31199: 31197: 31194: 31192: 31189: 31188: 31186: 31178: 31172: 31169: 31167: 31166:S. Valarmathi 31164: 31162: 31159: 31156: 31154: 31151: 31149: 31146: 31144: 31143:M. Manikandan 31141: 31139: 31136: 31133: 31131: 31128: 31126: 31123: 31121: 31118: 31116: 31113: 31111: 31108: 31106: 31103: 31101: 31098: 31096: 31093: 31091: 31088: 31086: 31083: 31081: 31078: 31076: 31073: 31071: 31070:M. C. Sampath 31068: 31066: 31063: 31061: 31058: 31056: 31053: 31051: 31048: 31046: 31043: 31041: 31040:P. Thangamani 31038: 31036: 31033: 31031: 31028: 31026: 31023: 31021: 31018: 31016: 31013: 31011: 31008: 31007: 31005: 30997: 30991: 30988: 30986: 30983: 30981: 30978: 30976: 30975:Vaigaichelvan 30973: 30971: 30968: 30966: 30963: 30961: 30958: 30956: 30953: 30951: 30948: 30946: 30945:B. Valarmathi 30943: 30941: 30938: 30936: 30935:S. Sundararaj 30933: 30931: 30930:M. Paranjothi 30928: 30926: 30923: 30921: 30918: 30916: 30913: 30911: 30908: 30906: 30903: 30901: 30898: 30896: 30893: 30891: 30888: 30886: 30883: 30881: 30878: 30876: 30875:K. A. Jayapal 30873: 30871: 30868: 30866: 30863: 30861: 30858: 30856: 30853: 30851: 30850:B. V. Ramanaa 30848: 30846: 30843: 30841: 30838: 30836: 30833: 30831: 30830:P. Thangamani 30828: 30826: 30825:M. C. Sampath 30823: 30821: 30818: 30816: 30813: 30811: 30808: 30806: 30803: 30801: 30798: 30796: 30793: 30791: 30788: 30786: 30783: 30781: 30778: 30776: 30773: 30771: 30768: 30766: 30763: 30761: 30758: 30756: 30753: 30751: 30748: 30746: 30743: 30741: 30738: 30736: 30733: 30732: 30730: 30722: 30716: 30713: 30711: 30708: 30706: 30705:U. Mathivanan 30703: 30701: 30700:K. P. P. Samy 30698: 30696: 30695:A. Tamilarasi 30693: 30691: 30688: 30686: 30683: 30681: 30678: 30676: 30673: 30671: 30668: 30666: 30663: 30661: 30658: 30656: 30653: 30651: 30648: 30646: 30643: 30641: 30638: 30636: 30633: 30631: 30628: 30626: 30623: 30621: 30618: 30616: 30615:I. Periyasamy 30613: 30611: 30608: 30606: 30603: 30601: 30598: 30596: 30593: 30591: 30588: 30586: 30583: 30581: 30578: 30576: 30573: 30571: 30570:K. Anbazhagan 30568: 30566: 30563: 30561: 30558: 30557: 30555: 30547: 30541: 30538: 30536: 30533: 30531: 30528: 30525: 30522: 30520: 30517: 30514: 30511: 30509: 30506: 30503: 30500: 30497: 30495:K. Sudarsanam 30494: 30492: 30489: 30487: 30486:M. C. Sampath 30484: 30481: 30479: 30476: 30474: 30471: 30468: 30466: 30463: 30461: 30458: 30455: 30453: 30450: 30448: 30445: 30443: 30440: 30438: 30435: 30433: 30430: 30428: 30425: 30423: 30420: 30418: 30417:B. Valarmathi 30415: 30413: 30410: 30408: 30405: 30403: 30400: 30397: 30395: 30392: 30390:A. Anwer Raja 30389: 30387: 30384: 30381: 30379: 30376: 30374: 30371: 30369: 30366: 30363: 30361: 30358: 30356: 30353: 30351: 30348: 30346: 30343: 30341: 30338: 30337: 30335: 30327: 30321: 30318: 30316: 30313: 30311: 30308: 30306: 30303: 30301: 30298: 30295: 30293: 30290: 30288: 30287:I. Periyasamy 30285: 30283: 30280: 30278: 30275: 30273: 30270: 30268: 30265: 30263: 30260: 30258: 30255: 30253: 30250: 30248: 30245: 30243: 30240: 30238: 30235: 30233: 30230: 30228: 30225: 30223: 30220: 30218: 30215: 30213: 30210: 30208: 30205: 30203: 30202:K. Anbazhagan 30200: 30198: 30195: 30194: 30192: 30184: 30178: 30175: 30172: 30169: 30167: 30164: 30161: 30158: 30156: 30153: 30151: 30148: 30146: 30143: 30141: 30140:M. Chinnasamy 30138: 30136: 30133: 30130: 30128: 30125: 30123: 30120: 30118: 30115: 30113: 30110: 30108: 30105: 30102: 30100: 30097: 30095: 30094:Mohammad Asif 30092: 30090: 30087: 30085: 30082: 30079: 30077: 30074: 30072: 30069: 30067: 30064: 30062: 30059: 30057: 30054: 30052: 30049: 30047: 30044: 30042: 30039: 30037: 30034: 30032: 30029: 30027: 30024: 30023: 30021: 30013: 30007: 30004: 30002: 30001:S. Thangavelu 29999: 29997: 29994: 29992: 29989: 29987: 29984: 29982: 29979: 29977: 29974: 29972: 29969: 29967: 29964: 29962: 29959: 29957: 29954: 29952: 29949: 29947: 29944: 29942: 29939: 29937: 29934: 29932: 29929: 29927: 29926:K. Anbazhagan 29924: 29922: 29919: 29918: 29916: 29908: 29901: 29899: 29896: 29894: 29891: 29888: 29886: 29883: 29880: 29878: 29877:T. Veeraswamy 29875: 29873: 29870: 29868: 29865: 29863: 29860: 29858: 29855: 29852: 29850: 29847: 29845: 29842: 29839: 29837: 29834: 29832: 29829: 29827: 29824: 29822: 29819: 29817: 29814: 29812: 29809: 29807: 29804: 29802: 29799: 29797: 29794: 29792: 29789: 29787: 29784: 29782: 29779: 29778: 29776: 29768: 29762: 29759: 29757: 29756:T. Veeraswamy 29754: 29751: 29749: 29746: 29744: 29741: 29738: 29735: 29733: 29730: 29727: 29725: 29722: 29720: 29717: 29715: 29712: 29710: 29707: 29705: 29702: 29699: 29697: 29694: 29692: 29689: 29687: 29684: 29682: 29679: 29677: 29674: 29672: 29669: 29667: 29664: 29662: 29659: 29657: 29654: 29652: 29649: 29647: 29644: 29642: 29639: 29638: 29636: 29628: 29622: 29619: 29616: 29614: 29611: 29609: 29606: 29603: 29601: 29598: 29596: 29593: 29591: 29588: 29586: 29583: 29581: 29578: 29576: 29573: 29571: 29568: 29566: 29563: 29561: 29558: 29555: 29553: 29550: 29548: 29545: 29543: 29540: 29539: 29537: 29529: 29523: 29520: 29517: 29514: 29512: 29509: 29507: 29504: 29501: 29499: 29496: 29493: 29491: 29488: 29486: 29483: 29481: 29478: 29476: 29473: 29471: 29468: 29466: 29463: 29461: 29460:K. Anbazhagan 29458: 29456: 29453: 29451: 29448: 29447: 29445: 29437: 29431: 29428: 29426: 29423: 29420: 29418: 29417:K. V. Subbiah 29415: 29413: 29410: 29408: 29405: 29403:M. Muthuswami 29402: 29400: 29397: 29395: 29392: 29390: 29387: 29384: 29382: 29379: 29377: 29374: 29372: 29369: 29367: 29364: 29363: 29361: 29353: 29347: 29344: 29342: 29341:G. Bhuvarahan 29339: 29336: 29334: 29331: 29329: 29326: 29324: 29321: 29319: 29316: 29314: 29311: 29309: 29306: 29305: 29303: 29295: 29289: 29286: 29284: 29281: 29279: 29276: 29274: 29271: 29269: 29266: 29264: 29261: 29259: 29256: 29254: 29251: 29249: 29246: 29244: 29241: 29239: 29236: 29235: 29233: 29225: 29219: 29216: 29214: 29211: 29209: 29206: 29204: 29201: 29199: 29196: 29194: 29191: 29189: 29186: 29184: 29181: 29178: 29176: 29173: 29170: 29167: 29165: 29162: 29160: 29157: 29155: 29152: 29149: 29147: 29144: 29142: 29139: 29137: 29134: 29132: 29129: 29127: 29124: 29123: 29121: 29113: 29109: 29105: 29090: 29085: 29083: 29078: 29076: 29071: 29070: 29067: 29051: 29048: 29046: 29043: 29041: 29038: 29036: 29033: 29031: 29028: 29026: 29023: 29021: 29018: 29016: 29013: 29011: 29008: 29006: 29003: 29001: 28998: 28996: 28993: 28991: 28988: 28986: 28983: 28981: 28978: 28976: 28973: 28971: 28968: 28966: 28963: 28961: 28958: 28956: 28953: 28951: 28948: 28946: 28943: 28941: 28938: 28936: 28933: 28931: 28928: 28927: 28925: 28921: 28915: 28912: 28910: 28907: 28905: 28902: 28900: 28897: 28895: 28892: 28890: 28887: 28885: 28882: 28880: 28877: 28875: 28872: 28870: 28867: 28865: 28862: 28860: 28857: 28855: 28852: 28850: 28847: 28845: 28842: 28840: 28837: 28835: 28832: 28830: 28827: 28825: 28822: 28820: 28817: 28815: 28812: 28811: 28809: 28805: 28799: 28796: 28794: 28791: 28789: 28786: 28784: 28781: 28779: 28776: 28774: 28771: 28769: 28766: 28764: 28761: 28759: 28756: 28754: 28751: 28749: 28746: 28744: 28741: 28739: 28736: 28734: 28731: 28729: 28726: 28724: 28721: 28719: 28716: 28714: 28711: 28709: 28706: 28704: 28701: 28700: 28698: 28694: 28688: 28685: 28683: 28680: 28678: 28675: 28673: 28670: 28668: 28665: 28663: 28660: 28658: 28655: 28653: 28650: 28648: 28645: 28643: 28640: 28638: 28635: 28633: 28630: 28628: 28625: 28623: 28620: 28618: 28615: 28613: 28610: 28608: 28605: 28603: 28600: 28598: 28595: 28593: 28590: 28588: 28585: 28583: 28580: 28578: 28575: 28573: 28570: 28568: 28565: 28564: 28562: 28558: 28552: 28549: 28547: 28544: 28542: 28539: 28537: 28534: 28532: 28529: 28527: 28524: 28522: 28519: 28517: 28514: 28512: 28509: 28507: 28504: 28502: 28499: 28497: 28494: 28492: 28489: 28487: 28484: 28482: 28479: 28477: 28474: 28472: 28469: 28467: 28464: 28463: 28461: 28457: 28451: 28448: 28446: 28443: 28441: 28438: 28436: 28433: 28431: 28428: 28426: 28423: 28421: 28418: 28416: 28413: 28411: 28408: 28406: 28403: 28401: 28398: 28396: 28393: 28391: 28388: 28386: 28383: 28381: 28378: 28376: 28373: 28371: 28368: 28366: 28363: 28361: 28358: 28356: 28353: 28351: 28348: 28346: 28343: 28341: 28338: 28336: 28333: 28331: 28328: 28326: 28323: 28321: 28318: 28316: 28313: 28311: 28308: 28306: 28303: 28301: 28298: 28296: 28293: 28291: 28288: 28286: 28283: 28281: 28278: 28276: 28273: 28271: 28268: 28266: 28263: 28261: 28258: 28256: 28253: 28251: 28248: 28246: 28243: 28241: 28238: 28236: 28233: 28231: 28228: 28226: 28223: 28221: 28218: 28216: 28213: 28211: 28208: 28206: 28203: 28201: 28198: 28196: 28193: 28191: 28188: 28186: 28183: 28181: 28178: 28176: 28173: 28171: 28168: 28166: 28163: 28161: 28158: 28157: 28155: 28151:Public sector 28149: 28146: 28144: 28140: 28134: 28131: 28129: 28126: 28124: 28121: 28119: 28116: 28114: 28111: 28109: 28106: 28104: 28101: 28099: 28096: 28094: 28091: 28089: 28086: 28084: 28081: 28079: 28076: 28074: 28071: 28069: 28066: 28064: 28061: 28059: 28056: 28054: 28051: 28049: 28046: 28044: 28041: 28039: 28036: 28034: 28031: 28029: 28026: 28024: 28021: 28019: 28016: 28014: 28011: 28009: 28006: 28004: 28001: 27999: 27996: 27994: 27991: 27989: 27986: 27984: 27981: 27979: 27976: 27974: 27971: 27969: 27966: 27964: 27961: 27959: 27956: 27954: 27951: 27949: 27946: 27944: 27941: 27939: 27936: 27934: 27931: 27929: 27926: 27924: 27921: 27920: 27918: 27916: 27912: 27906: 27905:K. R. Shriram 27902: 27901:Chief Justice 27899: 27898: 27896: 27894: 27890: 27882: 27879: 27878: 27877: 27874: 27870: 27867: 27866: 27865: 27862: 27858: 27855: 27854: 27853: 27850: 27849: 27847: 27845: 27841: 27831: 27828: 27826: 27823: 27821: 27818: 27816: 27815:N. Kayalvizhi 27813: 27811: 27808: 27806: 27803: 27801: 27800:C. V. Ganesan 27798: 27796: 27793: 27791: 27788: 27786: 27783: 27781: 27778: 27776: 27773: 27771: 27768: 27766: 27763: 27761: 27758: 27756: 27753: 27751: 27748: 27746: 27743: 27741: 27738: 27736: 27733: 27731: 27728: 27726: 27723: 27721: 27718: 27716: 27713: 27711: 27708: 27706: 27703: 27701: 27698: 27696: 27693: 27691: 27688: 27686: 27683: 27681: 27678: 27676: 27675:I. Periyasamy 27673: 27671: 27668: 27666: 27665:Durai Murugan 27663: 27662: 27660: 27658: 27654: 27648: 27645: 27644: 27642: 27640: 27636: 27630: 27627: 27626: 27624: 27622: 27618: 27615: 27613: 27609: 27603: 27600: 27599: 27597: 27595: 27591: 27587: 27572: 27567: 27565: 27560: 27558: 27553: 27552: 27549: 27537: 27536: 27532: 27530: 27529: 27525: 27524: 27521: 27515: 27512: 27510: 27507: 27503: 27500: 27499: 27498: 27495: 27493: 27490: 27488: 27485: 27484: 27482: 27480: 27476: 27470: 27467: 27466: 27464: 27462: 27458: 27454: 27450: 27448: 27444: 27434: 27431: 27429: 27426: 27424: 27421: 27420: 27418: 27414: 27408: 27405: 27403: 27400: 27398: 27395: 27393: 27390: 27388: 27385: 27384: 27382: 27378: 27372: 27369: 27367: 27364: 27362: 27359: 27357: 27354: 27352: 27349: 27347: 27346:Bharatanatyam 27344: 27343: 27341: 27337: 27331: 27328: 27326: 27323: 27321: 27318: 27316: 27313: 27312: 27310: 27306: 27303: 27301: 27297: 27291: 27288: 27286: 27283: 27281: 27278: 27276: 27273: 27271: 27268: 27266: 27263: 27261: 27258: 27256: 27253: 27251: 27248: 27247: 27245: 27243: 27239: 27235: 27229: 27226: 27224: 27223:Western Ghats 27221: 27219: 27216: 27214: 27211: 27209: 27206: 27204: 27201: 27199: 27196: 27194: 27191: 27189: 27186: 27184: 27181: 27179: 27176: 27175: 27173: 27171: 27167: 27161: 27159: 27155: 27153: 27150: 27148: 27145: 27143: 27140: 27138: 27135: 27134: 27132: 27130: 27126: 27122: 27116: 27113: 27111: 27108: 27106: 27103: 27101: 27098: 27096: 27093: 27091: 27088: 27086: 27083: 27081: 27080:Sangam period 27078: 27077: 27075: 27073: 27069: 27065: 27062: 27055: 27050: 27048: 27043: 27041: 27036: 27035: 27032: 27026: 27019: 27007: 27004: 27002: 26999: 26997: 26994: 26992: 26989: 26987: 26984: 26983: 26980: 26974: 26971: 26969: 26966: 26964: 26961: 26959: 26956: 26954: 26951: 26949: 26946: 26944: 26941: 26939: 26936: 26935: 26933: 26931: 26927: 26921: 26918: 26916: 26913: 26911: 26910:Uttar Pradesh 26908: 26906: 26903: 26901: 26898: 26896: 26893: 26891: 26888: 26886: 26883: 26881: 26878: 26876: 26873: 26871: 26868: 26866: 26863: 26861: 26858: 26856: 26853: 26851: 26848: 26846: 26843: 26841: 26838: 26836: 26833: 26831: 26828: 26826: 26823: 26821: 26818: 26816: 26813: 26811: 26808: 26806: 26803: 26801: 26798: 26796: 26793: 26791: 26788: 26786: 26783: 26782: 26780: 26778: 26774: 26770: 26763: 26758: 26756: 26751: 26749: 26744: 26743: 26740: 26730: 26718: 26712: 26709: 26707: 26704: 26702: 26699: 26697: 26694: 26693: 26691: 26689: 26685: 26679: 26676: 26674: 26671: 26669: 26666: 26664: 26661: 26659: 26656: 26654: 26651: 26649: 26646: 26644: 26641: 26639: 26636: 26634: 26631: 26629: 26626: 26624: 26621: 26619: 26616: 26614: 26611: 26609: 26606: 26604: 26601: 26599: 26596: 26594: 26591: 26589: 26586: 26584: 26581: 26579: 26576: 26574: 26571: 26569: 26566: 26564: 26561: 26559: 26556: 26554: 26551: 26549: 26546: 26544: 26541: 26539: 26536: 26534: 26531: 26529: 26526: 26524: 26521: 26519: 26516: 26514: 26511: 26509: 26506: 26504: 26501: 26499: 26496: 26494: 26491: 26490: 26488: 26486: 26482: 26476: 26473: 26471: 26468: 26466: 26463: 26461: 26458: 26456: 26453: 26451: 26448: 26447: 26445: 26443: 26439: 26433: 26430: 26428: 26425: 26423: 26420: 26418: 26415: 26413: 26410: 26408: 26407:Highest point 26405: 26403: 26400: 26398: 26395: 26393: 26390: 26388: 26385: 26383: 26380: 26378: 26375: 26373: 26370: 26368: 26365: 26363: 26360: 26358: 26355: 26353: 26350: 26348: 26345: 26343: 26340: 26338: 26335: 26333: 26330: 26329: 26327: 26325: 26321: 26315: 26312: 26310: 26307: 26303: 26300: 26298: 26295: 26294: 26292: 26290: 26287: 26285: 26282: 26280: 26277: 26275: 26272: 26270: 26267: 26266: 26264: 26262: 26258: 26253: 26243: 26239: 26237: 26233: 26231: 26227: 26225: 26224:Gloriosa lily 26221: 26219: 26215: 26213: 26209: 26207: 26203: 26202: 26200: 26198: 26192: 26188: 26187: 26182: 26177: 26173: 26169: 26154: 26149: 26147: 26142: 26140: 26135: 26134: 26131: 26125: 26124:OpenStreetMap 26121: 26112: 26110: 26106: 26103: 26102: 26082: 26078: 26077: 26072: 26066: 26050: 26049: 26044: 26038: 26031: 26019: 26015: 26014: 26009: 26002: 25986: 25982: 25981: 25976: 25970: 25954: 25950: 25944: 25940: 25939: 25931: 25915: 25911: 25905: 25889: 25885: 25884: 25879: 25873: 25857: 25853: 25847: 25831: 25827: 25826: 25821: 25814: 25798: 25794: 25790: 25784: 25768: 25764: 25763: 25758: 25752: 25736: 25732: 25728: 25722: 25706: 25702: 25701: 25696: 25690: 25674: 25670: 25669: 25664: 25658: 25642: 25638: 25634: 25628: 25612: 25608: 25604: 25598: 25582: 25578: 25577: 25572: 25566: 25550: 25546: 25542: 25536: 25520: 25516: 25510: 25502: 25495: 25479: 25475: 25474: 25469: 25462: 25446: 25442: 25438: 25434: 25433: 25427: 25419: 25403: 25399: 25395: 25389: 25373: 25369: 25368: 25363: 25357: 25349: 25343: 25339: 25335: 25328: 25320: 25314: 25310: 25306: 25299: 25283: 25279: 25275: 25269: 25253: 25249: 25243: 25239: 25238: 25237:Mancala Games 25230: 25214: 25210: 25209: 25204: 25197: 25181: 25177: 25173: 25167: 25151: 25147: 25146: 25141: 25134: 25118: 25114: 25113: 25108: 25101: 25094: 25090: 25084: 25080: 25073: 25057: 25053: 25049: 25043: 25027: 25023: 25017: 25009: 25003: 24999: 24992: 24976: 24972: 24968: 24961: 24945: 24941: 24937: 24931: 24915: 24911: 24907: 24903: 24902: 24897: 24891: 24875: 24871: 24867: 24861: 24845: 24841: 24835: 24819: 24815: 24811: 24805: 24789: 24785: 24781: 24775: 24759: 24755: 24751: 24745: 24737: 24730: 24714: 24710: 24709: 24704: 24698: 24682: 24678: 24674: 24668: 24652: 24648: 24644: 24638: 24622: 24618: 24614: 24608: 24592: 24588: 24582: 24578: 24577: 24569: 24553: 24549: 24545: 24539: 24520: 24516: 24509: 24503: 24484: 24477: 24471: 24455: 24451: 24450: 24445: 24439: 24437: 24420: 24416: 24410: 24391: 24384: 24378: 24362: 24358: 24352: 24337:. 8 June 2023 24336: 24335: 24330: 24324: 24308: 24304: 24298: 24282: 24278: 24277: 24272: 24266: 24250: 24246: 24245: 24244:Deccan Herald 24240: 24233: 24214: 24210: 24203: 24197: 24181: 24177: 24173: 24167: 24151: 24147: 24143: 24142:"About ICFRE" 24137: 24118: 24111: 24105: 24089: 24085: 24081: 24075: 24059: 24055: 24051: 24045: 24026: 24022: 24015: 24009: 23993: 23989: 23985: 23979: 23963: 23959: 23953: 23937: 23931: 23915: 23911: 23910: 23905: 23899: 23880: 23876: 23869: 23863: 23844: 23840: 23833: 23827: 23811: 23807: 23806: 23801: 23795: 23779: 23775: 23774: 23769: 23763: 23747: 23743: 23742: 23737: 23731: 23712: 23708: 23701: 23695: 23693: 23684: 23680: 23676: 23670: 23654: 23650: 23644: 23628: 23624: 23618: 23602: 23598: 23594: 23588: 23572: 23568: 23564: 23558: 23542: 23538: 23537: 23532: 23526: 23507: 23503: 23496: 23490: 23474: 23470: 23466: 23459: 23443: 23439: 23435: 23429: 23413: 23409: 23408: 23403: 23397: 23381: 23377: 23373: 23369: 23368: 23362: 23354: 23338: 23334: 23328: 23325:. Routledge. 23324: 23323: 23315: 23307: 23301: 23297: 23296: 23288: 23269: 23265: 23258: 23252: 23236: 23232: 23231: 23226: 23220: 23204: 23200: 23196: 23190: 23174: 23170: 23164: 23145: 23141: 23137: 23130: 23124: 23108: 23104: 23100: 23094: 23078: 23074: 23070: 23064: 23048: 23044: 23040: 23034: 23018: 23014: 23010: 23004: 22985: 22981: 22974: 22968: 22949: 22942: 22936: 22934: 22914: 22910: 22903: 22897: 22878: 22874: 22867: 22861: 22850: 22842: 22836: 22832: 22825: 22809: 22805: 22801: 22795: 22776: 22773:. p. 2. 22772: 22765: 22759: 22743: 22739: 22738: 22731: 22715: 22711: 22705: 22689: 22685: 22679: 22663: 22659: 22653: 22637: 22633: 22627: 22608: 22601: 22595: 22576: 22572: 22565: 22559: 22557: 22540: 22536: 22530: 22514: 22510: 22506: 22500: 22481: 22477: 22470: 22464: 22448: 22444: 22438: 22419: 22415: 22408: 22402: 22400: 22383: 22379: 22373: 22357: 22353: 22347: 22328: 22321: 22315: 22296: 22289: 22283: 22281: 22279: 22259: 22255: 22251: 22244: 22238: 22219: 22215: 22208: 22202: 22186: 22182: 22178: 22174: 22168: 22152: 22148: 22144: 22140: 22134: 22132: 22130: 22113: 22109: 22105: 22101: 22095: 22076: 22072: 22065: 22059: 22040: 22036: 22032: 22025: 22019: 22017: 22000: 21996: 21992: 21986: 21967: 21963: 21956: 21950: 21934: 21930: 21924: 21916: 21910: 21906: 21899: 21883: 21879: 21873: 21857: 21853: 21849: 21842: 21826: 21822: 21818: 21812: 21793: 21786: 21780: 21772: 21770:0-823-05997-9 21766: 21762: 21761: 21753: 21737: 21733: 21727: 21711: 21707: 21706: 21701: 21694: 21678: 21674: 21673: 21668: 21662: 21646: 21642: 21641: 21636: 21630: 21614: 21610: 21604: 21588: 21584: 21580: 21574: 21558: 21554: 21553:"DD Podighai" 21548: 21529: 21526:. p. 5. 21525: 21518: 21512: 21493: 21490:. p. 8. 21489: 21482: 21476: 21457: 21453: 21446: 21440: 21432: 21430:9780520225985 21426: 21422: 21421: 21413: 21405: 21399: 21395: 21388: 21372: 21368: 21364: 21358: 21342: 21338: 21334: 21328: 21309: 21305: 21298: 21291: 21275: 21271: 21265: 21261: 21260: 21252: 21236: 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17220: 17214: 17198: 17197: 17192: 17186: 17170: 17166: 17165: 17160: 17154: 17138: 17134: 17130: 17123: 17107: 17103: 17099: 17093: 17077: 17073: 17072: 17067: 17061: 17059: 17050: 17044: 17040: 17033: 17025: 17019: 17015: 17008: 17000: 16994: 16990: 16983: 16975: 16968: 16960: 16954: 16950: 16943: 16927: 16923: 16917: 16913: 16912: 16904: 16888: 16884: 16878: 16874: 16873: 16865: 16857: 16853: 16849: 16845: 16841: 16837: 16830: 16822: 16816: 16812: 16805: 16797: 16791: 16787: 16780: 16772: 16766: 16762: 16755: 16747: 16741: 16733: 16727: 16723: 16716: 16708: 16702: 16698: 16691: 16675: 16671: 16665: 16661: 16660: 16652: 16644: 16638: 16634: 16627: 16611: 16607: 16601: 16597: 16596: 16588: 16580: 16574: 16570: 16563: 16547: 16543: 16542: 16537: 16531: 16515: 16511: 16507: 16501: 16485: 16482:. higman.de. 16481: 16477: 16471: 16455: 16451: 16447: 16446:History Today 16443: 16436: 16417: 16413: 16409: 16405: 16401: 16394: 16387: 16379: 16373: 16369: 16362: 16346: 16342: 16341: 16336: 16330: 16314: 16310: 16304: 16296: 16290: 16286: 16279: 16271: 16265: 16261: 16254: 16246: 16240: 16236: 16229: 16221: 16214: 16206: 16200: 16196: 16189: 16173: 16169: 16165: 16161: 16157: 16151: 16143: 16136: 16128: 16122: 16118: 16111: 16095: 16091: 16087: 16080: 16064: 16060: 16056: 16049: 16041: 16035: 16031: 16024: 16016: 16010: 16006: 15999: 15991: 15985: 15981: 15974: 15966: 15960: 15956: 15949: 15942: 15938: 15932: 15928: 15921: 15913: 15907: 15903: 15896: 15880: 15876: 15870: 15866: 15862: 15858: 15857: 15849: 15833: 15829: 15825: 15819: 15811: 15807: 15803: 15799: 15795: 15791: 15787: 15783: 15776: 15768: 15764: 15760: 15756: 15752: 15748: 15744: 15740: 15733: 15726: 15722: 15718: 15714: 15710: 15706: 15702: 15695: 15679: 15675: 15671: 15667: 15660: 15652: 15646: 15642: 15641: 15633: 15614: 15610: 15606: 15601: 15596: 15592: 15588: 15584: 15580: 15573: 15566: 15550: 15546: 15542: 15536: 15528: 15522: 15518: 15511: 15495: 15491: 15487: 15481: 15465: 15461: 15455: 15447: 15441: 15437: 15430: 15422: 15416: 15412: 15405: 15397: 15391: 15387: 15380: 15372: 15366: 15362: 15357: 15356: 15347: 15331: 15327: 15323: 15317: 15301: 15297: 15293: 15287: 15268: 15264: 15257: 15251: 15249: 15232: 15228: 15227: 15222: 15216: 15200: 15196: 15192: 15186: 15184: 15167: 15163: 15159: 15158:"About Dhoti" 15153: 15145: 15139: 15135: 15128: 15120: 15114: 15110: 15103: 15095: 15089: 15085: 15078: 15070: 15064: 15060: 15053: 15037: 15033: 15029: 15023: 15007: 15003: 14999: 14993: 14977: 14973: 14969: 14963: 14947: 14942: 14934: 14918: 14914: 14913: 14908: 14901: 14885: 14881: 14877: 14871: 14855: 14851: 14850: 14845: 14838: 14822: 14818: 14817: 14812: 14806: 14798: 14794: 14793: 14788: 14782: 14774: 14770: 14769: 14764: 14757: 14749: 14745: 14741: 14735: 14733: 14716: 14712: 14711: 14706: 14705:"Konnichiwa!" 14700: 14692: 14688: 14687: 14682: 14675: 14667: 14661: 14657: 14653: 14646: 14638: 14632: 14628: 14621: 14605: 14601: 14597: 14591: 14575: 14570: 14565: 14561: 14557: 14550: 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13510: 13506: 13499: 13493: 13485: 13479: 13475: 13468: 13452: 13448: 13447: 13442: 13435: 13419: 13415: 13414: 13413:The Telegraph 13409: 13402: 13386: 13382: 13381: 13376: 13370: 13354: 13349: 13344: 13340: 13336: 13332: 13328: 13324: 13323: 13318: 13311: 13295: 13291: 13290: 13285: 13279: 13260: 13256: 13249: 13243: 13224: 13220: 13219:Asian Studies 13213: 13206: 13198: 13194: 13190: 13186: 13185: 13177: 13161: 13157: 13153: 13147: 13145: 13143: 13126: 13122: 13121: 13116: 13110: 13102: 13098: 13094: 13090: 13083: 13075: 13069: 13065: 13058: 13056: 13039: 13035: 13031: 13025: 13006: 13002: 12995: 12989: 12970: 12966: 12959: 12953: 12934: 12930: 12923: 12917: 12901: 12897: 12891: 12875: 12871: 12867: 12860: 12841: 12838:. p. 5. 12837: 12830: 12824: 12822: 12805: 12801: 12797: 12791: 12772: 12769:. p. 3. 12768: 12761: 12755: 12739: 12735: 12731: 12725: 12709: 12705: 12701: 12695: 12693: 12673: 12670:. p. 2. 12669: 12662: 12656: 12640: 12636: 12632: 12626: 12610: 12606: 12605: 12600: 12594: 12578: 12574: 12570: 12564: 12562: 12560: 12543: 12539: 12533: 12517: 12513: 12507: 12499: 12493: 12489: 12485: 12481: 12475: 12459: 12452: 12446: 12430: 12426: 12422: 12416: 12400: 12396: 12395: 12390: 12384: 12369: 12368: 12363: 12356: 12337: 12334:. p. 1. 12333: 12326: 12320: 12304: 12301:. p. 1. 12300: 12296: 12290: 12288: 12271: 12267: 12263: 12257: 12255: 12253: 12236: 12232: 12228: 12222: 12206: 12202: 12198: 12192: 12176: 12172: 12171: 12166: 12160: 12144: 12140: 12139: 12134: 12128: 12112: 12108: 12107: 12102: 12096: 12080: 12076: 12072: 12066: 12050: 12046: 12040: 12024: 12019: 12015: 12011: 12010: 12005: 12003: 11994: 11978: 11973: 11969: 11965: 11964: 11959: 11957: 11948: 11929: 11926:, New Delhi. 11925: 11921: 11914: 11912: 11903: 11887: 11883: 11882: 11877: 11871: 11863: 11857: 11853: 11846: 11838: 11831: 11815: 11811: 11807: 11801: 11785: 11781: 11780: 11775: 11769: 11753: 11749: 11748: 11743: 11737: 11721: 11717: 11713: 11709: 11708: 11703: 11696: 11680: 11676: 11675:Press Release 11672: 11666: 11650: 11646: 11645: 11640: 11634: 11618: 11614: 11608: 11604: 11603: 11595: 11579: 11575: 11574: 11569: 11563: 11547: 11543: 11537: 11521: 11517: 11513: 11507: 11491: 11487: 11481: 11479: 11477: 11475: 11473: 11471: 11469: 11467: 11465: 11456: 11449: 11441: 11434: 11418: 11414: 11408: 11400: 11394: 11390: 11383: 11364: 11357: 11351: 11332: 11328: 11321: 11315: 11299: 11295: 11289: 11273: 11269: 11265: 11259: 11240: 11233: 11227: 11211: 11204: 11198: 11182: 11178: 11174: 11168: 11166: 11146: 11143:. p. 3. 11142: 11135: 11129: 11113: 11109: 11103: 11087: 11083: 11077: 11058: 11054: 11047: 11041: 11033: 11027: 11023: 11016: 11000: 10996: 10990: 10974: 10970: 10964: 10948: 10944: 10938: 10922: 10918: 10914: 10907: 10891: 10887: 10881: 10873: 10867: 10863: 10856: 10840: 10836: 10835: 10830: 10824: 10808: 10804: 10800: 10794: 10786: 10780: 10776: 10772: 10771: 10766: 10759: 10740: 10736: 10729: 10723: 10707: 10703: 10699: 10693: 10677: 10673: 10666: 10650: 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9609: 9605: 9601: 9597: 9593: 9589: 9585: 9578: 9562: 9558: 9554: 9548: 9532: 9528: 9524: 9518: 9502: 9498: 9492: 9488: 9487: 9479: 9463: 9459: 9458: 9453: 9446: 9438: 9431: 9423: 9419: 9415: 9409: 9405: 9398: 9382: 9378: 9372: 9368: 9367: 9359: 9343: 9339: 9333: 9329: 9328: 9320: 9304: 9300: 9299: 9291: 9283: 9277: 9273: 9266: 9250: 9246: 9242: 9236: 9220: 9216: 9212: 9206: 9190: 9186: 9180: 9172: 9166: 9162: 9155: 9147: 9140: 9124: 9120: 9114: 9110: 9109: 9101: 9093: 9087: 9083: 9076: 9068: 9062: 9058: 9051: 9043: 9037: 9033: 9026: 9010: 9006: 9002: 8998: 8997: 8989: 8981: 8975: 8972:. p. 8. 8971: 8967: 8963: 8957: 8949: 8943: 8939: 8935: 8931: 8924: 8916: 8910: 8906: 8905: 8897: 8889: 8883: 8879: 8878: 8870: 8862: 8856: 8852: 8851: 8843: 8827: 8823: 8819: 8813: 8805: 8799: 8795: 8788: 8780: 8773: 8757: 8753: 8749: 8743: 8741: 8724: 8720: 8714: 8710: 8709: 8701: 8693: 8687: 8683: 8676: 8668: 8662: 8658: 8651: 8643: 8636: 8628: 8621: 8605: 8601: 8597: 8591: 8575: 8571: 8565: 8563: 8546: 8542: 8538: 8534: 8528: 8524: 8520: 8516: 8512: 8505: 8497: 8491: 8487: 8480: 8472: 8465: 8457: 8450: 8442: 8435: 8427: 8420: 8404: 8400: 8394: 8390: 8389: 8381: 8365: 8361: 8357: 8353: 8347: 8339: 8333: 8329: 8322: 8315: 8313: 8299: 8295: 8289: 8281: 8277: 8270: 8262: 8256: 8252: 8245: 8229: 8225: 8219: 8211: 8205: 8201: 8194: 8178: 8174: 8170: 8166: 8165: 8160: 8153: 8137: 8133: 8132: 8127: 8121: 8105: 8101: 8100: 8095: 8089: 8073: 8069: 8065: 8058: 8042: 8038: 8037:Open magazine 8034: 8028: 8012: 8008: 8001: 7985: 7981: 7980: 7975: 7969: 7953: 7949: 7948: 7943: 7937: 7921: 7917: 7911: 7895: 7891: 7887: 7881: 7865: 7861: 7860: 7855: 7849: 7833: 7832: 7827: 7821: 7805: 7801: 7800: 7795: 7789: 7773: 7772: 7767: 7761: 7753: 7747: 7743: 7736: 7734: 7717: 7713: 7709: 7703: 7701: 7684: 7680: 7676: 7670: 7668: 7659: 7655: 7649: 7647: 7645: 7628: 7625:. p. 2. 7624: 7620: 7614: 7595: 7592:. p. 2. 7591: 7584: 7578: 7576: 7571: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7548: 7542: 7540: 7536: 7535:Gymkhana Club 7532: 7528: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7512: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7488: 7484: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7460: 7456: 7452: 7449:, which host 7448: 7444: 7439: 7437: 7436:Chennaiyin FC 7433: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7389: 7385: 7381: 7379: 7375: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7359: 7355: 7351: 7347: 7343: 7339: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7323: 7319: 7315: 7312:is a popular 7311: 7307: 7303: 7299: 7298:contact sport 7295: 7288: 7284: 7279: 7269: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7255: 7251: 7247: 7243: 7239: 7234: 7230: 7226: 7225:Nilgiri Hills 7222: 7221:Udagamandalam 7218: 7213: 7211: 7207: 7203: 7199: 7192: 7188: 7187:Nilgiri hills 7184: 7180: 7175: 7165: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7149: 7147: 7143: 7139: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7123: 7119: 7115: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7095: 7093: 7089: 7085: 7081: 7077: 7073: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7045: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7027: 7023: 7019: 7015: 7011: 7005: 7003: 6999: 6995: 6988: 6978: 6976: 6972: 6968: 6964: 6960: 6956: 6952: 6948: 6938: 6936: 6932: 6928: 6924: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6908: 6904: 6897: 6893: 6889: 6885: 6881: 6877: 6873: 6869: 6865: 6861: 6854: 6850: 6846: 6844: 6840: 6839:international 6836: 6832: 6831:Juhu Airstrip 6828: 6824: 6820: 6819:J. R. D. Tata 6816: 6815:Tata Air Mail 6812: 6808: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6787:Air and space 6784: 6782: 6778: 6774: 6769: 6745:1,000 mm 6742: 6738: 6737:rapid transit 6734: 6733:Chennai Metro 6730: 6726: 6725:Chennai Beach 6722: 6712: 6709: 6706: 6703: 6700: 6697: 6694: 6691: 6690: 6686: 6683: 6680: 6679: 6673: 6668: 6660: 6655: 6651: 6643: 6637: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6595: 6591: 6587: 6583: 6579: 6575: 6571: 6567: 6563: 6559: 6555: 6547: 6546:Chennai Metro 6543: 6536: 6532: 6527: 6517: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6498: 6494: 6490: 6482: 6478: 6475: 6471: 6463: 6460: 6457: 6454: 6451: 6448: 6445: 6442: 6441: 6438: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6407: 6406: 6400: 6398: 6394: 6387: 6378: 6364: 6362: 6358: 6348: 6346: 6342: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6322: 6318: 6314: 6310: 6306: 6302: 6298: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6273: 6271: 6270: 6265: 6264: 6259: 6258: 6253: 6252: 6247: 6246: 6241: 6240: 6234: 6233: 6232:Swadesamitran 6228: 6227: 6226:The Spectator 6222: 6221: 6216: 6215: 6210: 6209: 6200: 6195: 6186: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6158:Thermal power 6155: 6154:third highest 6150: 6142: 6138: 6129: 6127: 6126:optical fiber 6122: 6118: 6114: 6110: 6109:Vodafone Idea 6106: 6102: 6101:Bharti Airtel 6098: 6094: 6087:Communication 6084: 6082: 6078: 6077:polio vaccine 6074: 6068: 6066: 6062: 6058: 6053: 6045: 6040: 6031: 6029: 6024: 6020: 6016: 6011: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5997: 5993: 5992:Thamirabarani 5989: 5985: 5981: 5977: 5968: 5964: 5950: 5948: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5919: 5915: 5910: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5860: 5856: 5848: 5844: 5835: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5789:92.52 billion 5782: 5777: 5776: 5772: 5766: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5748: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5726:Manufacturing 5723: 5721: 5717: 5713: 5709: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5672: 5670: 5665: 5661: 5650: 5642: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5622: 5620: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5580: 5575:2.19 trillion 5573: 5567: 5560: 5554: 5550: 5544: 5534: 5532: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5500: 5496: 5492: 5490: 5486: 5482: 5478: 5474: 5470: 5466: 5462: 5458: 5457:Kavadi Aattam 5454: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5429:full moon day 5426: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5399: 5394: 5390: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5375: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5335: 5333: 5329: 5328: 5323: 5322: 5317: 5313: 5308: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5297:Flag of India 5294: 5290: 5286: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5202: 5200: 5196: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5171:Bharatanatyam 5168: 5164: 5160: 5152: 5151:Bharatanatyam 5148: 5143: 5133: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5094: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5083: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5051:Mahabalipuram 5048: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5035:Hindu temples 5032: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5011: 5006: 5002: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4985: 4980: 4970: 4968: 4964: 4961:. During the 4960: 4959:Bharathidasan 4956: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4927: 4926:Tamil Lexicon 4922: 4918: 4914: 4913: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4879: 4877: 4876:Thiruvalluvar 4873: 4872: 4867: 4865: 4859: 4855: 4853: 4847: 4843: 4841: 4835: 4832:based on the 4831: 4829: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4807: 4806: 4801: 4797: 4796: 4791: 4787: 4786: 4781: 4777: 4776:Tamil Sangams 4773: 4766: 4761: 4752: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4725: 4720: 4719: 4714: 4713: 4708: 4707: 4702: 4701: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4675: 4670: 4669: 4664: 4663: 4658: 4650: 4641: 4639: 4636:is a type of 4635: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4620: 4617:is a type of 4616: 4611: 4608:with typical 4607: 4606: 4601: 4600: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4586: 4577: 4573: 4563: 4562:Tamil culture 4553: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4525: 4515: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4490:and English. 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4468:Madurai Tamil 4465: 4461: 4457: 4456:Madras Bashai 4453: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4413: 4403: 4393: 4383: 4373: 4365: 4354: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4336: 4335:Anglo-Indians 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4280: 4264: 4260: 4250: 4248: 4244: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4218: 4216: 4212: 4202: 4200: 4196: 4188: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4157: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4139: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4122: 4121: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4085: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4068: 4067: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4049: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4031: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4013: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3927: 3911: 3907: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3896:most populous 3891: 3885: 3875: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3846: 3841: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3826:Literacy rate 3823: 3819: 3815: 3810: 3806: 3800: 3789: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3778: 3774: 3771: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3756: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3745: 3741: 3738: 3735: 3734: 3730: 3727: 3724: 3723: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3712: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3697: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3686: 3683: 3680: 3679: 3675: 3672: 3669: 3668: 3664: 3661: 3658: 3657: 3651: 3646: 3643: 3642: 3631: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3616: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3584: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3573:Indira Gandhi 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3525:Justice Party 3522: 3516: 3512: 3502: 3500: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3486:Home ministry 3483: 3479: 3478:Chief Justice 3475: 3467: 3463: 3457:Law and order 3454: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3393:and fifty in 3392: 3388: 3384: 3383: 3378: 3374: 3373: 3369:is a state's 3368: 3364: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3340: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3268: 3259:R. Mahadevan 3258: 3256: 3255:Chief Justice 3253: 3252: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3240: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3221: 3220: 3199: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3121: 3115: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2954:Project Tiger 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2930:Bengal tigers 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2912:, Mudumalai, 2911: 2907: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2852: 2848: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2833:Ranganathittu 2830: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2817:sea cucumbers 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2769:Nilgiri Hills 2766: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2744: 2740: 2738: 2733: 2731: 2726: 2725: 2720: 2718: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2684:Indian laurel 2681: 2680: 2675: 2671: 2669: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2631:pteridophytes 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2565: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2495: 2490: 2482: 2473: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2404: 2402: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2384:Eastern Ghats 2381: 2380:Nilgiri Hills 2377: 2372: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2361:Rama's Bridge 2358: 2354: 2353:Pamban Island 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2313:Laccadive Sea 2310: 2306: 2302: 2301:Bay of Bengal 2298: 2294: 2293:Eastern Ghats 2290: 2286: 2285:Western Ghats 2282: 2274: 2273:Western Ghats 2270: 2262: 2257: 2242: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2227:foreign trade 2224: 2220: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2080: 2076: 2071: 2067: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2056:Pazhassi Raja 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1976:Tharangambadi 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1946: 1942: 1941:Tharangambadi 1938: 1937:Fort Dansborg 1934: 1930: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1904:Mughal empire 1895: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1878:. Later, the 1877: 1873: 1858: 1854: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1739:Mahabalipuram 1737:monuments in 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1693: 1690:built by the 1689: 1688:Mahabalipuram 1686:monuments in 1685: 1681: 1672: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1563:Sangam period 1558: 1554: 1550: 1549:Sangam period 1542: 1541:Sangam Period 1538: 1534: 1525: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1478: 1468: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1456: 1452: 1451: 1446: 1445: 1440: 1439: 1438:Patiṟṟuppattu 1434: 1433: 1428: 1424: 1423:Kanniyakumari 1420: 1416: 1415: 1410: 1406: 1403:and parts of 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1328:hill stations 1325: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1305: 1299: 1295: 1288: 1282: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1182: 1181:Pamban Island 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1151:to the west, 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1137:Laccadive Sea 1134: 1130: 1126: 1125:Bay of Bengal 1122: 1118: 1117:Eastern Ghats 1114: 1110: 1109:Western Ghats 1106: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1057: 1051: 1041: 997: 988: 985: 981: 978: 972: 968: 963: 960: 956: 953: 950: 948: 944: 941: 938: 936: 932: 929: 926: 922: 919: 918:Gloriosa Lily 916: 914: 910: 907: 904: 900: 897: 894: 892: 888: 882: 878: 876: 872: 868: 864: 859: 854: 849: 845: 841: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 808: 804: 800: 791: 786: 782: 778: 765: 760: 756: 752: 750: 746: 743: 740: 738: 737:ISO 3166 code 734: 730: 726: 723: 721: 717: 713: 710:(US$ 3,800) ( 706: 696: 692: 689: 686: 682: 675: 665: 658: 655: 651: 648: 645: 643: 640: • 638: 635: 632: 630: 627: • 625: 620: 614: 611: 609: 606: 605: 603: 601: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 570: 567: 563: 559: 555: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 513: 510: 507: 503: 499: 495: 490: 486: 483: 480: 478: 474: 471: 468: 466: 463: • 461: 458: 455: 453: 450: • 448: 445: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 425: 423: 420: • 418: 415: 412: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 391: 389: 386: • 384: 381: 378: 376: 373: • 371: 368: 365: 361: 356: 353: 350: 348: 344: 341: 338: 336: 335:Largest metro 332: 329: 326: 323: 318: 314: 310: 306: 304: 300: 297: 294: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 276: 272: 269: 258: 254: 249: 221:Coordinates: 219: 212: 207: 201: 197: 193: 186: 182: 174: 169: 162: 157: 149: 145: 141: 140:Pamban Bridge 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 110: 99: 92: 81: 74: 63: 52: 48: 43: 36: 30: 19: 31710:undertakings 31591:Public Works 31429: 31376:R. Rajendran 31246:S. Muthusamy 31241:S. Regupathy 31201:Duraimurugan 31191:M. K. Stalin 31085:O. S. Manian 31050:D. Jayakumar 30915:S. Damodaran 30590:Duraimurugan 30580:Ko. Si. Mani 30565:M. K. Stalin 30360:D. Jayakumar 30350:C. Ponnaiyan 30282:K. Pitchandi 30227:Duraimurugan 30217:Ko. Si. Mani 30177:M. Ammamuthu 30155:K. Ponnusamy 30150:M. Thennavan 30122:S. Regupathy 30107:D. Jayakumar 30076:S. Kannappan 30061:S. Muthusamy 29971:Duraimurugan 29951:Ko. Si. Mani 29941:M. Kannappan 29881:N. Nallusamy 29831:S. Muthusamy 29821:C. Ponnaiyan 29816:K. Kalimuthu 29752:K. Kalaimani 29728:S. R. Eradha 29704:S. Muthusamy 29681:C. Ponnaiyan 29676:K. Kalimuthu 29590:C. Ponnaiyan 29575:K. Kalimuthu 29560:G. R. Edmund 29511:M. Kannappan 29136:A. B. Shetty 29107: 28153:undertakings 28073:Public Works 27864:K. Pitchandi 27830:R. Rajendran 27710:S. Muthusamy 27705:S. Regupathy 27629:M. K. Stalin 27534: 27527: 27428:Tamil-Brahmi 27315:Architecture 27238:Demographics 27157: 27105:Vijayanagara 27060: 26894: 26805:Chhattisgarh 26678:Virudhunagar 26568:Nagapattinam 26533:Kallakurichi 26498:Chengalpattu 26442:Major cities 26218:Emerald dove 26212:Nilgiri tahr 26184: 26171: 26085:. Retrieved 26074: 26065: 26053:. Retrieved 26046: 26037: 26029: 26022:. Retrieved 26011: 26001: 25989:. Retrieved 25978: 25969: 25957:. Retrieved 25937: 25930: 25918:. Retrieved 25904: 25892:. Retrieved 25881: 25872: 25860:. Retrieved 25846: 25834:. Retrieved 25823: 25813: 25801:. Retrieved 25792: 25783: 25771:. Retrieved 25760: 25751: 25739:. Retrieved 25731:Turffootball 25730: 25721: 25709:. Retrieved 25698: 25689: 25677:. Retrieved 25666: 25657: 25645:. Retrieved 25637:ESPNcricinfo 25627: 25615:. Retrieved 25606: 25597: 25585:. Retrieved 25574: 25565: 25553:. Retrieved 25545:ESPNcricinfo 25535: 25523:. Retrieved 25509: 25500: 25494: 25482:. Retrieved 25471: 25461: 25449:. 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K. Stalin 3197: 3187: 3177: 3174:Palmyra palm 3167: 3164:Tamil Yeoman 3157: 3154:Emerald dove 3147: 3144:Nilgiri tahr 3100:Nilgiri tahr 2989: 2869: 2856:Bengal tiger 2829:Vedanthangal 2797:salt marshes 2777:Agastya Mala 2762: 2753:Nilgiri tahr 2735: 2728: 2722: 2715: 2711: 2703: 2677: 2666: 2655:palmyra palm 2583: 2580:populations. 2531:Konkan coast 2524: 2499: 2441:Deccan Traps 2433: 2418:. There are 2405: 2392:Kaveri river 2373: 2278: 2212:against the 2202:Andhra state 2186:Madras state 2179: 2123: 2105:. After the 2103:Vellore Fort 2084: 2024:Polygar Wars 1949: 1901: 1850: 1843:at Madurai. 1826: 1802:Indian Ocean 1779: 1770:Chola Empire 1696: 1621: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1560: 1522:Tamil Brahmi 1506:Indus script 1491:Adichanallur 1485: 1464: 1458: 1454: 1448: 1442: 1436: 1430: 1426: 1412: 1384: 1378: 1278: 1274:architecture 1258:Madras State 1199:Historically 1185: 1102: 1086:Tamil people 1065: 995: 994: 958: 940:Nilgiri Tahr 906:Tamil Yeoman 896:Emerald Dove 647:Tamil script 441: 413: 393:M. K. Stalin 296:Madras State 124:Shore Temple 119: 29: 32678:South India 31446:Agriculture 31326:S. M. Nasar 31206:K. N. Nehru 31182:Legislative 31157:G. Baskaran 31130:P. Benjamin 31001:Legislative 30895:V. S. Vijay 30726:Legislative 30675:N. Selvaraj 30605:K. N. Nehru 30551:Legislative 30402:P. Dhanapal 30378:C. Durairaj 30373:S. Semmalai 30331:Legislative 30257:Aladi Aruna 30247:K. Sundaram 30242:K. N. Nehru 30188:Legislative 30145:K. Lawrence 30017:Legislative 30006:K. Sundaram 29991:K. N. Nehru 29912:Legislative 29889:T. Ramasamy 29826:H. V. Hande 29772:Legislative 29696:H. V. Hande 29632:Legislative 29533:Legislative 29522:N. Rajangam 29502:O. P. Raman 29480:S. Madhavan 29441:Legislative 29421:O. P. Raman 29394:S. Madhavan 29357:Legislative 29299:Legislative 29229:Legislative 29117:Legislative 27928:Agriculture 27915:Departments 27844:Legislature 27820:S. M. Nasar 27810:T.R.B.Rajaa 27670:K. N. Nehru 27433:Kongu Tamil 27203:Palk Strait 26968:Lakshadweep 26920:West Bengal 26915:Uttarakhand 26850:Maharashtra 26638:Tirunelveli 26628:Thoothukudi 26588:Pudukkottai 26553:Krishnagiri 26543:Kanyakumari 26538:Kanchipuram 26293:Raj Bhavan 26240:Butterfly: 25959:24 December 25894:28 December 25741:28 December 25711:28 December 25679:28 December 25555:28 December 25473:Mathrubhumi 25451:11 February 25288:24 December 25258:24 December 25219:28 December 25211:. Chennai. 25123:24 December 24971:Sportycious 24597:24 December 24303:"CSIR labs" 24287:28 December 24255:28 December 24186:22 November 24156:22 November 24126:29 November 24054:News minute 23988:South First 23633:28 December 23407:India Today 23386:26 December 23343:14 November 23241:1 September 23199:Indian Navy 23073:Indian Navy 23043:Indian Navy 21609:"Sun Group" 21367:India Today 21317:25 December 21280:25 December 20733:28 December 20671:25 December 20219:28 December 20185:28 December 19544:Ojha, N.N. 19082:25 December 19013:28 December 18915:28 December 18883:28 December 18769:28 December 18759:The Tribune 18738:28 December 18730:. Chennai. 18679:28 December 18499:28 December 17927:24 December 17888:24 December 17328:19 February 17203:29 December 17175:29 December 16680:24 December 16616:24 December 16552:28 December 16520:28 December 16490:28 December 16460:28 December 16100:25 December 16092:. Chennai. 15788:(1): 7–26. 15622:6 September 15600:10125/17189 15490:India Times 15002:The Swaddle 14372:Media India 14352:29 December 14317:29 December 14285:29 December 14251:29 December 14219:29 December 14187:29 December 14155:29 December 13963:29 December 13424:30 November 13391:11 February 13359:24 December 13333:: 733–753. 13232:24 December 12978:1 September 12942:1 September 12029:12 November 11983:12 November 11655:24 February 11623:23 December 11278:21 February 11022:Climatology 10375:16 November 10135:28 December 9973:15 November 9906:23 December 9664:23 December 9507:23 December 9468:28 December 9348:23 December 9309:23 December 9129:23 December 9015:23 December 8729:23 December 8551:23 December 8409:23 December 8312:Satyaputras 8017:26 February 7870:24 February 7838:24 February 7370:Silambattam 7342:Pallanguzhi 7318:Sathurangam 7090:(1840) and 7080:polytechnic 7076:Indian Army 6975:Thoothukudi 6955:Thoothukudi 6915:Indian Navy 6813:. In 1915, 6771:railway in 6768:metre gauge 6672:Metre Gauge 6667:Broad Gauge 6659:Metre Gauge 6654:Broad Gauge 6289:Sun Network 6285:DD Podhigai 6277:Doordarshan 6199:Sun Network 6175:Palghat Gap 6063:set by the 5907:Nilgiri tea 5838:Agriculture 5775:South India 5688:Madras Bank 5595:automobiles 5503:Tiruvaiyaru 5316:Kodambakkam 5299:hoisted at 5183:Koodiyattam 5082:garbhagriha 5055:Kanchipuram 5021:called the 4903:Ramavataram 4805:hero stones 4795:Manimekalai 4785:Tolkappiyam 4733:Ooty varkey 4695:banana leaf 4691:flavourings 4626:Kanchipuram 4518:LGBT rights 4460:Kongu Tamil 4193:Population 4168:Thoothukudi 4163:Thoothukudi 4150:Tirunelveli 4145:Tirunelveli 3870:as per the 3822:third worst 3805:2011 census 3803:As per the 3447:Rajya Sabha 3343:Legislature 3331:and 12,618 3277:legislative 2960:–Anamalai, 2793:coral reefs 2674:common teak 2670:arundinacea 2633:apart from 2627:gymnosperms 2611:angiosperms 2595:scrub lands 2514:rain shadow 2420:coral reefs 2369:Kanyakumari 2357:Palk Strait 2309:Palk Strait 2299:lining the 2245:Environment 2119:British Raj 2113:passed the 2048:Oomaithurai 2046:along with 2040:Kattabomman 2028:Puli Thevar 1992:British Raj 1868: 1370 1743:Kanchipuram 1723:Kanchipuram 1719:South India 1705:during the 1703:Vaishnavism 1661:Manimekalai 1617:Tolkāppiyam 1571:triumvirate 1539:during the 1460:Ramavataram 1450:Manimekalai 1425:. The name 1414:Tolkāppiyam 1246:South India 1214:triumvirate 1133:Palk Strait 1123:lining the 452:Rajya Sabha 280:South India 243: / 32673:Tamil Nadu 32667:Categories 31521:Industries 31430:Tamil Nadu 31306:P. Moorthy 31221:E. V. Velu 31216:K. Ponmudy 31080:R. Kamaraj 30925:V. Moorthy 30920:R. Kamaraj 30724:Fourteenth 30630:E. V. Velu 30600:K. Ponmudy 30549:Thirteenth 30526:R. Vadivel 30232:K. Ponmudy 30103:M. Anandan 30051:K. Rajaram 29986:K. Ponmudy 29867:K. Rajaram 29498:K. Rajaram 29328:V. Ramaiah 29308:K. Kamaraj 29283:V. Ramaiah 29238:K. Kamaraj 29203:K. Rajaram 29131:K. Kamaraj 29108:Tamil Nadu 27770:P. Moorthy 27685:E. V. Velu 27680:K. Ponmudy 27602:R. N. Ravi 27509:Coimbatore 27366:Terukkuttu 27361:Mayilattam 27356:Karakattam 27351:Jallikattu 27330:Literature 27285:Mudaliyars 27265:Dravidians 27188:Kongu Nadu 27125:Government 27061:Tamil Nadu 26973:Puducherry 26943:Chandigarh 26895:Tamil Nadu 26673:Viluppuram 26653:Tiruvallur 26643:Tirupathur 26583:Perambalur 26518:Dharmapuri 26508:Coimbatore 26455:Coimbatore 26362:Literature 26347:Government 26309:High Court 26261:Governance 26172:Tamil Nadu 26120:Tamil Nadu 26105:Tamil Nadu 25991:1 December 25803:6 December 25773:6 December 25647:16 January 25617:1 December 25587:1 December 25525:16 October 25408:1 December 25145:Al Jazeera 24981:28 January 24920:28 January 24824:1 December 24794:1 December 24764:1 December 24719:1 December 24687:1 December 24657:1 December 24627:1 December 24558:1 December 24528:1 December 24513:(Report). 24481:(Report). 24460:1 December 24341:1 December 24313:1 December 24222:1 December 24207:(Report). 24064:1 December 24034:1 December 24019:(Report). 23998:1 December 23942:1 December 23920:1 December 23888:1 December 23873:(Report). 23852:1 December 23837:(Report). 23752:1 December 23720:1 December 23705:(Report). 23659:1 December 23607:1 December 23577:1 December 23547:1 December 23515:1 December 23500:(Report). 23471:. London. 23448:1 December 23436:(Report). 23418:29 January 23277:1 December 23262:(Report). 23153:1 November 23134:(Report). 23113:6 December 23083:26 October 22978:(Report). 22957:20 October 22886:22 October 22814:1 December 22784:1 December 22769:(Report). 22712:. UNESCO. 22584:26 October 22489:1 November 22474:(Report). 22453:1 November 22427:1 November 22412:(Report). 22362:1 November 22336:1 November 22304:1 November 22267:1 November 22248:(Report). 22227:1 November 22212:(Report). 22191:1 November 22102:(Report). 22069:(Report). 22029:(Report). 22005:1 December 21995:India Post 21975:1 December 21962:India Post 21960:(Report). 21939:1 December 21801:1 December 21742:1 December 21683:1 December 21651:1 December 21619:1 December 21593:1 December 21563:1 December 21537:1 December 21522:(Report). 21501:1 December 21486:(Report). 21465:1 December 21450:(Report). 21377:1 December 21241:1 December 21178:1 December 21148:1 December 21073:1 December 21061:(Report). 21043:1 December 21028:(Report). 21004:1 December 20974:1 December 20962:(Report). 20944:1 December 20914:1 December 20852:1 December 20820:1 December 20785:1 December 20759:1 December 20701:1 December 20632:1 December 20600:1 December 20515:1 December 20500:(Report). 20479:1 December 20464:(Report). 20428:(Report). 20377:1 December 20362:(Report). 20341:1 December 20329:(Report). 20311:1 December 20296:(Report). 20263:(Report). 20151:1 December 20121:1 December 20096:1 December 20081:(Report). 20034:1 December 20004:1 December 19992:(Report). 19974:1 December 19959:(Report). 19938:1 December 19926:(Report). 19853:1 December 19823:1 December 19793:1 December 19781:(Report). 19763:1 December 19751:(Report). 19733:1 December 19703:1 December 19691:(Report). 19673:1 December 19643:1 December 19631:(Report). 19613:1 December 19601:(Report). 19583:1 December 19568:(Report). 19529:16 October 19496:16 October 19465:1 December 19333:1 December 19232:1 November 19142:23 January 19112:1 December 18979:1 December 18947:1 December 18705:1 December 18647:1 December 18615:1 December 18589:1 December 18525:1 December 18466:1 December 18436:1 December 18406:1 December 18394:(Report). 18376:1 December 18364:(Report). 18343:1 December 18331:(Report). 18313:1 December 18281:1 December 18269:(Report). 18251:1 December 18239:(Report). 18221:1 December 18209:(Report). 18099:1 December 18067:1 December 17795:1 December 17739:30 October 17673:30 October 17591:30 October 17426:20 October 17387:20 October 17233:12 October 17102:Britannica 17082:1 December 16932:6 February 16351:20 January 16319:20 January 16178:1 December 15585:(2): 207. 15555:1 December 15543:(Report). 15462:. ISCKON. 15261:(Report). 15205:12 January 15195:Britannica 15172:12 January 15162:Britannica 15042:1 December 14890:1 December 14878:(Report). 14610:1 December 14580:4 November 14539:1 December 14529:Britannica 14509:1 December 14497:(Report). 14476:1 December 14446:2 December 14414:2 December 14382:2 December 14121:2 December 14089:2 December 14057:2 December 14025:1 December 14013:(Report). 13995:2 December 13898:(Report). 13855:(Report). 13831:1 December 13802:1 December 13776:1 December 13761:(Report). 13725:(Report). 13697:(Report). 13676:1 December 13664:(Report). 13640:1 December 13628:(Report). 13610:1 December 13580:1 December 13554:1 December 13539:(Report). 13518:1 December 13503:(Report). 13300:1 December 13268:1 December 13253:(Report). 13197:B003DXXMC4 13131:1 December 13044:1 December 12999:(Report). 12963:(Report). 12927:(Report). 12834:(Report). 12765:(Report). 12666:(Report). 12615:1 December 12548:1 December 12522:1 December 12456:(Report). 12330:(Report). 12241:1 December 12211:1 December 12201:Britannica 11918:(Report). 11854:. Drongo. 11820:2 February 11685:31 October 11552:1 December 11526:1 December 11423:1 December 11372:5 February 11325:(Report). 11304:1 December 11208:(Report). 11187:1 February 11154:1 December 11139:(Report). 11118:1 December 11051:(Report). 10979:1 December 10896:1 December 10813:1 December 10748:1 December 10733:(Report). 10702:Britannica 10629:1 December 10438:1 December 10203:1 December 10191:(Report). 10102:20 October 10063:1 December 10002:1 December 9941:1 December 9694:12 October 9684:Britannica 9225:25 January 9195:1 December 8832:1 December 8822:Britannica 8762:1 December 8610:1 December 8511:"Pallavas" 8370:31 January 8304:1 November 8282:: 345–359. 8234:1 December 8142:1 December 8078:31 January 7958:9 February 7926:9 February 7900:1 December 7834:(in Tamil) 7810:1 December 7778:1 December 7710:(Report). 7689:1 December 7677:(Report). 7621:(Report). 7603:1 December 7588:(Report). 7567:References 7463:basketball 7459:volleyball 7447:Coimbatore 7358:Jallikattu 7350:Gillidanda 7314:board game 7238:Courtallam 7229:Kodaikanal 7020:(ICSE) or 6886:scheme of 6864:Coimbatore 6800:South Asia 6783:in India. 6626:Tondiarpet 6361:India Post 6333:Radio City 6263:Dina Malar 6141:Kudankulam 6000:large dams 5976:irrigation 5771:Manchester 5741:in Chennai 5720:World Bank 5660:Tidel Park 5634:Tidel Park 5611:healthcare 5386:Jallikattu 5347:Jallikattu 5235:Nadaswaram 5191:Paraiattam 5175:Karakattam 5161:(poetry), 4987:The large 4912:Tiruppukal 4871:Tirukkural 4820:, and the 4818:Pattupattu 4814:Eṭṭuttokai 4800:epigraphic 4755:Literature 4634:Kovai Cora 4594:silk saris 4351:expatriate 4347:Malayalees 4331:Kannadigas 4289:Christians 4064:1,021,717 4046:1,462,420 4028:2,151,466 4024:Coimbatore 4019:Coimbatore 3989:8,696,010 3972:Coimbatore 3783:72,147,030 3772:62,405,679 3761:55,858,946 3750:48,408,077 3739:41,199,168 3728:33,686,953 3717:30,119,047 3706:26,267,507 3695:23,472,099 3684:21,628,518 3673:20,902,616 3662:19,252,630 3561:K. Kamaraj 3354:hosts the 3301:Tahsildars 3236:R. N. Ravi 3194:Glory lily 3129:Butterfly 3110:, and the 3096:sloth bear 3060:Hogenakkal 3024:Coimbatore 2980:Pichavaram 2946:Coimbatore 2889:Pichavaram 2841:Neelapattu 2801:endangered 2743:royal fern 2739:reniformis 2737:Ranunculus 2721:(orchid), 2700:solanaceae 2661:, rubber, 2659:eucalyptus 2635:bryophytes 2623:red-listed 2445:Cretaceous 2388:Coromandel 2376:Doddabetta 2337:Puducherry 2331:, and the 2210:agitations 2180:After the 2162:Bharatiyar 2081:and Madras 2036:Sivagangai 2000:Pondichéry 1952:Portuguese 1837:Marco Polo 1790:Rajaraja I 1665:Tirukkural 1465:Tamil Nadu 1432:Puṟanāṉūṟu 1336:waterfalls 1211:Sangam era 1165:Puducherry 996:Tamil Nadu 952:Asian Palm 560:72,147,030 552:Population 515:Dimensions 477:High Court 414:Unicameral 380:R. N. Ravi 358:Government 292:Before was 39:Tamil Nadu 31636:Transport 31296:R. Gandhi 31180:Sixteenth 31065:V. Saroja 30999:Fifteenth 30880:E. Subaya 30530:P. Annavi 30515:A. Miller 30412:R. Saroja 29323:P. Kakkan 29278:P. Kakkan 28118:Transport 27893:Judiciary 27852:M. Appavu 27760:R. Gandhi 27612:Executive 27461:Education 27453:Companies 27416:Languages 27407:Thaipusam 27387:Chithirai 27380:Festivals 27178:Districts 27170:Geography 27160:elections 27158:Panchayat 27147:Governors 26900:Telangana 26885:Rajasthan 26860:Meghalaya 26835:Karnataka 26830:Jharkhand 26663:Tiruvarur 26618:Thanjavur 26608:Sivaganga 26513:Cuddalore 26485:Districts 26432:State Day 26377:Education 26269:Governors 26236:Palm tree 26230:Jackfruit 26076:The Hindu 26055:3 January 26048:The Hindu 26013:The Hindu 25980:The Hindu 25576:The Hindu 25441:0971-751X 25432:The Hindu 25378:1 January 25278:The Hindu 25176:Sportstar 25032:23 August 24910:0971-751X 24901:The Hindu 24850:21 August 24492:10 August 24425:1 October 24399:1 October 24367:1 October 24276:The Hindu 24094:12 August 23909:The Hindu 23816:28 August 23805:The Hindu 23773:The Hindu 23536:The Hindu 23376:0971-751X 23367:The Hindu 23209:1 January 23179:1 January 23053:26 August 22993:17 August 22694:21 August 22668:31 August 22642:31 August 22616:23 August 22537:. IRFCA. 22388:12 August 21821:DNA India 21705:The Hindu 21672:The Hindu 21640:The Hindu 21337:MXM India 21230:The Hindu 20621:The Hindu 20443:1 January 20397:Frontline 20245:12 August 20237:. IVRCL. 20059:643489739 19425:0971-751X 19416:The Hindu 19385:Live Mint 19290:The Hindu 19192:CNBC-TV18 19162:DNA India 18999:CNBC-TV18 18727:The Hindu 18668:The Hindu 18180:The Hindu 17784:The Hindu 17628:0025-1496 17542:Frontline 17479:The Hindu 17447:The Hindu 17338:cite news 17254:The Hindu 17196:The Hindu 16856:143220583 16541:The Hindu 16412:2321-788X 16406:(4): 57. 16309:"Gopuram" 16168:1305-578X 16144:. Koodal. 16090:The Hindu 16069:8 October 16059:The Hindu 15838:8 October 15810:144599197 15767:162291987 15609:153420843 15470:1 January 15336:17 August 15226:The Hindu 14972:The Print 14849:The Hindu 14768:The Hindu 14710:The Hindu 14686:The Hindu 13984:The Hindu 13952:The Hindu 13913:10 August 13457:6 January 13380:The Hindu 13348:1983/1811 13289:The Hindu 13120:The Hindu 13101:249254802 12906:1 January 12880:29 August 12870:The Hindu 12849:1 January 12810:1 January 12780:1 January 12744:1 January 12714:1 January 12645:1 January 12583:1 January 12435:1 January 12394:The Hindu 12367:The Hindu 12345:1 January 12309:1 January 12276:1 January 12170:The Hindu 12138:The Hindu 12085:12 August 12055:30 August 11881:The Hindu 11790:25 August 11758:25 August 11747:The Hindu 11716:0971-751X 11707:The Hindu 11584:24 August 11488:. ENVIS. 11296:. ENVIS. 11092:1 October 11066:1 January 11005:1 January 10953:5 January 10927:5 January 10712:1 January 10682:28 August 10537:5 January 10412:30 August 10308:1 January 10282:1 January 10250:1 January 10052:The Hindu 9962:The Hindu 9930:The Hindu 9829:The Hindu 9604:0021-9118 9567:1 January 9457:The Hindu 9387:11 August 9245:Frontline 8541:240189630 8183:12 August 8173:0971-751X 8164:The Hindu 8131:The Hindu 8099:The Hindu 7859:Dinamalar 7771:Dina Mani 7455:athletics 7426:seasons. 7336:in 2022. 7026:10+2 plan 6981:Education 6919:Arakkonam 6911:Thanjavur 6876:Tuticorin 6823:Puss Moth 6729:Velachery 6616:sheds at 6610:Royapuram 6602:Arakkonam 6600:sheds at 6325:Suryan FM 6251:Dinakaran 6239:The Hindu 6223:in 1795. 6179:Muppandal 6166:Kalpakkam 6115:offering 5871:oil seeds 5863:sugarcane 5499:Tyagaraja 5445:Thaipusam 5441:Gregorian 5417:Chithirai 5338:Festivals 5312:Kollywood 5255:Maddalams 5187:Oyilattam 5169:(drama). 5132:columns. 5126:Modernism 5091:Thanjavur 5027:pushkarni 4883:Vaishnava 4780:continent 4724:paniyaram 4484:loanwords 4452:varieties 4448:Malayalam 4446:(1.75%), 4442:(1.78%), 4438:(5.87%), 4412:Malayalam 4315:Gujaratis 3814:sex ratio 3443:Lok Sabha 3285:districts 3184:Jackfruit 3052:Amaravati 2966:Mudumalai 2837:Kumarakom 2825:Kadalundi 2821:Thattekad 2730:Impatiens 2724:Alsophila 2719:rariflora 2717:Habenaria 2508:delta. A 2426:in 2004. 2412:coastline 2365:Sri Lanka 2349:Sri Lanka 2343:with the 2325:Karnataka 2250:Geography 2219:socialist 2194:Karnataka 2075:engraving 1814:Dravidian 1794:Sri Lanka 1786:Thanjavur 1648:Kalabhras 1567:Tamilakam 1553:Tamilakam 1537:Tamilakam 1504:with the 1499:Neolithic 1427:Tamilakam 1405:Karnataka 1397:Tamilakam 1375:Etymology 1338:and four 1207:Dravidian 1203:Tamilakam 1177:Sri Lanka 1171:with the 1153:Karnataka 928:Jackfruit 902:Butterfly 807:Sex ratio 725:UTC+05:30 720:Time zone 662:(2023-24) 528:Elevation 465:Lok Sabha 431:234 seats 347:Districts 303:Formation 240:11°N 79°E 31184:Assembly 31003:Assembly 30965:P. Mohan 30728:Assembly 30553:Assembly 30478:P. Mohan 30333:Assembly 30190:Assembly 30186:Eleventh 30019:Assembly 29914:Assembly 29774:Assembly 29634:Assembly 29535:Assembly 29443:Assembly 29359:Assembly 29301:Assembly 29231:Assembly 29119:Assembly 28143:Agencies 27594:Governor 27528:Category 27402:Puthandu 27320:Calendar 27275:Iyengars 27270:Gounders 27255:Brahmins 27242:Religion 27228:Wildlife 27218:Vembanad 27137:Agencies 27129:Politics 27095:Pallavas 26870:Nagaland 26648:Tiruppur 26578:Nilgiris 26573:Namakkal 26523:Dindigul 26493:Ariyalur 26470:Tiruppur 26412:Wildlife 26387:Politics 26357:Language 26222:Flower: 26210:Animal: 26081:Archived 26018:Archived 25985:Archived 25953:Archived 25914:Archived 25888:Archived 25856:Archived 25830:Archived 25797:Archived 25793:The Week 25767:Archived 25735:Archived 25705:Archived 25673:Archived 25641:Archived 25611:Archived 25581:Archived 25549:Archived 25519:Archived 25484:9 August 25478:Archived 25445:Archived 25402:Archived 25398:ABP News 25372:Archived 25282:Archived 25252:Archived 25213:Archived 25180:Archived 25150:Archived 25117:Archived 25062:25 April 25056:Archived 25052:BBC News 25026:Archived 24975:Archived 24944:Archived 24914:Archived 24874:Archived 24844:Archived 24818:Archived 24788:Archived 24758:Archived 24713:Archived 24681:Archived 24651:Archived 24621:Archived 24591:Archived 24552:Archived 24519:Archived 24483:Archived 24454:Archived 24419:Archived 24390:Archived 24361:Archived 24307:Archived 24305:. 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SEBI. 18673:Archived 18641:Archived 18609:Archived 18583:Archived 18551:Archived 18519:Archived 18493:Archived 18460:Archived 18430:Archived 18400:Archived 18370:Archived 18337:Archived 18307:Archived 18275:Archived 18245:Archived 18215:Archived 18185:Archived 18150:Archived 18093:Archived 18061:Archived 17921:Archived 17882:Archived 17789:Archived 17764:25841633 17733:Archived 17667:Archived 17585:Archived 17516:Archived 17484:Archived 17452:Archived 17420:Archived 17381:Archived 17297:25 March 17291:Archived 17259:Archived 17227:Archived 17169:Archived 17137:Archived 17106:Archived 17076:Archived 16926:Archived 16887:Archived 16674:Archived 16610:Archived 16546:Archived 16514:Archived 16484:Archived 16454:Archived 16416:Archived 16345:Archived 16313:Archived 16172:Archived 16094:Archived 16063:Archived 15879:Archived 15832:Archived 15613:Archived 15549:Archived 15500:20 March 15494:Archived 15464:Archived 15300:Archived 15267:Archived 15231:Archived 15199:Archived 15166:Archived 15084:The Sari 15036:Archived 15006:Archived 14976:Archived 14946:Archived 14917:Archived 14884:Archived 14854:Archived 14821:Archived 14797:Archived 14773:Archived 14748:Archived 14715:Archived 14691:Archived 14604:Archived 14574:Archived 14533:Archived 14503:Archived 14470:Archived 14440:Archived 14408:Archived 14376:Archived 14346:Archived 14311:Archived 14279:Archived 14245:Archived 14213:Archived 14181:Archived 14149:Archived 14115:Archived 14083:Archived 14051:Archived 14019:Archived 13989:Archived 13957:Archived 13861:Archived 13825:Archived 13796:Archived 13767:Archived 13670:Archived 13668:. 2018. 13634:Archived 13604:Archived 13574:Archived 13545:Archived 13509:Archived 13451:Archived 13418:Archived 13385:Archived 13353:Archived 13294:Archived 13259:Archived 13223:Archived 13166:3 August 13160:Archived 13125:Archived 13038:Archived 13005:Archived 12969:Archived 12933:Archived 12900:Archived 12874:Archived 12840:Archived 12804:Archived 12771:Archived 12738:Archived 12708:Archived 12672:Archived 12639:Archived 12609:Archived 12577:Archived 12542:Archived 12516:Archived 12482:(2011). 12429:Archived 12405:14 April 12336:Archived 12303:Archived 12270:Archived 12235:Archived 12205:Archived 12175:Archived 12143:Archived 12111:Archived 12079:Archived 12049:Archived 11937:19 March 11928:Archived 11892:19 March 11886:Archived 11814:Archived 11784:Archived 11752:Archived 11720:Archived 11679:Archived 11649:Archived 11617:Archived 11578:Archived 11546:Archived 11520:Archived 11496:15 March 11490:Archived 11417:Archived 11363:Archived 11298:Archived 11272:Archived 11248:15 April 11239:Archived 11181:Archived 11145:Archived 11112:Archived 11086:Archived 11084:. NOAA. 11057:Archived 10999:Archived 10973:Archived 10890:Archived 10845:20 March 10839:Archived 10834:BBC News 10807:Archived 10739:Archived 10706:Archived 10676:Archived 10649:Archived 10623:Archived 10588:22 March 10582:Archived 10528:Archived 10432:Archived 10406:Archived 10402:58540809 10369:Archived 10357:10706275 10302:Archived 10273:Archived 10244:Archived 10242:. 2007. 10197:Archived 10159:Archived 10129:Archived 10096:Archived 10057:Archived 9967:Archived 9935:Archived 9900:Archived 9896:54542458 9834:Archived 9774:Archived 9743:Archived 9688:Archived 9658:Archived 9612:20203235 9561:Archived 9531:Archived 9501:Archived 9462:Archived 9381:Archived 9342:Archived 9303:Archived 9255:5 August 9249:Archived 9219:Archived 9189:Archived 9123:Archived 9009:Archived 8964:(1969). 8826:Archived 8756:Archived 8723:Archived 8604:Archived 8574:Archived 8545:Archived 8403:Archived 8364:Archived 8298:Archived 8228:Archived 8177:Archived 8136:Archived 8104:Archived 8072:Archived 8047:24 March 8041:Archived 8011:Archived 7984:Archived 7952:Archived 7920:Archived 7894:Archived 7864:Archived 7804:Archived 7716:Archived 7683:Archived 7627:Archived 7594:Archived 7545:See also 7537:and the 7511:canoeing 7489:and the 7451:football 7428:Football 7378:Adimurai 7233:rock-cut 7108:in India 7086:(1837), 7016:(CBSE), 6923:Uchipuli 6907:Tambaram 6763: in 6632:shed at 6497:district 6458:197,542 6321:Hello FM 6152:has the 5996:disputes 5927:sea weed 5899:coconuts 5625:Services 5607:textiles 5603:hardware 5405:Puthandu 5327:Alam Ara 5287:and the 5130:concrete 5122:art deco 5047:Pallavas 5010:gopurams 5005:mantapas 4899:Nayanars 4897:and the 4816:and the 4772:literary 4712:uthappam 4567:Clothing 4496:Japanese 4488:Sanskrit 4374:(88.35%) 4357:Language 4343:Punjabis 4339:Bengalis 4311:Marwaris 4285:Hinduism 4199:Hinduism 4172:410,760 4154:498,984 4136:504,079 4118:521,776 4100:919,150 4082:962,982 4078:Tiruppur 4073:Tiruppur 3942:District 3904:Tiruppur 3505:Politics 3382:de facto 3367:governor 3323:and 528 3231:Governor 3080:Sathanur 3048:Nilgiris 2984:mangrove 2942:Anamalai 2914:Mukurthi 2910:Anamalai 2901:mangrove 2897:Coleroon 2805:dolphins 2663:cinchona 2651:bacteria 2462:alluvial 2454:laterite 2450:red loam 2307:and the 2132:and the 2126:Ryotwari 1970:and the 1960:Mylapore 1956:São Tomé 1919:attacked 1916:Marathas 1798:Maldives 1759:Aditya I 1755:Pallavas 1747:Kadungon 1735:rock-cut 1711:Pallavas 1684:Rock cut 1669:Valluvar 1652:Vellalar 1609:Buddhism 1514:Keezhadi 1419:Tirumala 1353:mangrove 1244:much of 1230:Pallavas 1191:hominids 1131:and the 1080:and the 797:80.09% ( 785:Literacy 629:Official 622:Language 608:Tamilian 600:Demonyms 470:39 seats 457:18 seats 422:Assembly 375:Governor 32631:Portals 31481:Finance 30329:Twelfth 29630:Seventh 27963:Finance 27857:Speaker 27535:Commons 27514:Vellore 27497:Temples 27479:Tourism 27447:Economy 27325:Cuisine 27308:General 27300:Culture 27100:Pandyan 27072:History 26905:Tripura 26865:Mizoram 26855:Manipur 26820:Haryana 26815:Gujarat 26668:Vellore 26613:Tenkasi 26598:Ranipet 26558:Madurai 26503:Chennai 26460:Madurai 26450:Chennai 26422:Tourism 26392:Temples 26352:History 26342:Economy 26337:Cuisine 26297:Chennai 26228:Fruit: 26197:symbols 26186:Chennai 26181:Capital 26024:5 March 25836:1 March 25607:Mid-day 25334:Pachisi 25186:23 July 25156:27 July 24950:1 March 24880:1 March 23597:DT Next 23023:29 June 22922:11 July 22748:1 March 22720:1 March 22157:15 July 22118:15 July 22084:15 July 22048:15 July 21716:28 July 21583:DT Next 19365:28 June 19301:25 July 19043:22 July 18835:1 March 18557:22 July 18159:22 July 17636:2797924 17552:19 June 17522:19 June 17490:1 March 17458:29 June 17112:1 March 16595:Chennai 15802:2053325 15759:2943246 15721:3520429 15306:28 June 15276:28 June 15237:7 March 15032:leaflet 12149:23 June 10997:. IMD. 10775:205–211 10674:. MIT. 10365:4414279 10337:Bibcode 10168:22 July 9739:Outlook 9422:4202160 9005:4910527 8580:3 April 8517:: 1–4. 7990:11 June 7503:sailing 7467:kabaddi 7443:Chennai 7408:bowling 7354:Dhaayam 7346:Uriyadi 7294:Kabaddi 7287:Kabaddi 7206:tourism 7185:in the 7074:of the 7050:and 28 7046:, four 7002:Pratham 6947:Chennai 6894:of the 6872:Madurai 6821:flew a 6777:British 6758:⁄ 6634:Coonoor 6594:Chennai 6570:Madurai 6562:Chennai 6481:Chennai 6462:271,000 6455:42,057 6452:12,034 6449:12,291 6183:largest 5984:Bhavani 5914:poultry 5883:flowers 5875:tapioca 5757:". 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In 5473:Amman 5469:water 5449:Pusam 5398:Kolam 5374:Surya 5267:Gaana 5251:Melam 5219:parai 5106:Hindu 5098:Mugal 5031:koils 4858:yāppu 4852:poruḷ 4668:rasam 4610:batik 4605:lungi 4599:dhoti 4534:India 4372:Tamil 4327:Odias 4231:Islam 4190:City 4114:Erode 4109:Erode 4096:Salem 4091:Salem 3698:+8.5% 3687:+3.5% 3676:+8.6% 3225:Name 3132:Tree 3126:Bird 3036:Salem 2708:ebony 2647:algae 2643:fungi 2458:black 1972:Danes 1964:Dutch 1945:Danes 1912:Arcot 1721:with 1634:with 1600:Velir 1502:celts 1383:with 1359:, 18 1332:forts 1074:India 1070:state 1063:abbr. 924:Fruit 742:IN-TN 634:Tamil 594:51.6% 586:48.4% 268:India 185:Motto 47:State 26302:Ooty 26089:2012 26057:2007 26026:2016 25993:2023 25961:2023 25943:ISBN 25922:2023 25896:2022 25864:2023 25838:2020 25805:2020 25775:2020 25743:2020 25713:2012 25681:2012 25649:2021 25619:2023 25589:2023 25557:2022 25527:2013 25486:2021 25453:2023 25437:ISSN 25410:2023 25380:2024 25342:ISBN 25313:ISBN 25290:2023 25260:2023 25242:ISBN 25221:2012 25188:2022 25158:2022 25125:2023 25112:ESPN 25083:ISBN 25064:2018 25034:2023 25002:ISBN 24983:2020 24952:2023 24922:2021 24906:ISSN 24882:2023 24852:2019 24826:2023 24796:2023 24766:2023 24721:2023 24689:2023 24659:2023 24629:2023 24599:2023 24581:ISBN 24560:2023 24530:2023 24494:2023 24462:2023 24427:2023 24401:2023 24369:2023 24343:2023 24315:2023 24289:2012 24257:2012 24224:2023 24188:2013 24158:2013 24128:2015 24096:2023 24066:2023 24036:2023 24000:2023 23970:2018 23944:2023 23922:2023 23890:2023 23854:2023 23818:2016 23786:2018 23754:2023 23722:2023 23661:2023 23635:2022 23609:2023 23579:2023 23567:Edex 23549:2023 23517:2023 23481:2012 23450:2023 23420:2016 23388:2022 23372:ISSN 23345:2020 23327:ISBN 23300:ISBN 23279:2023 23243:2010 23211:2016 23181:2023 23155:2023 23115:2019 23085:2015 23055:2023 23025:2010 22995:2023 22959:2023 22924:2022 22888:2023 22835:ISBN 22816:2023 22786:2023 22750:2010 22722:2010 22696:2019 22670:2023 22644:2023 22618:2023 22586:2012 22547:2023 22521:2023 22491:2023 22455:2023 22429:2023 22390:2023 22364:2023 22338:2023 22306:2023 22269:2023 22229:2023 22193:2023 22159:2023 22120:2023 22086:2010 22050:2023 22007:2023 21977:2023 21941:2023 21909:ISBN 21890:2015 21864:2015 21833:2015 21803:2023 21765:ISBN 21744:2023 21718:2018 21685:2023 21653:2023 21621:2023 21595:2023 21565:2023 21539:2023 21503:2023 21467:2023 21425:ISBN 21398:ISBN 21379:2023 21349:2024 21319:2023 21282:2023 21264:ISBN 21243:2023 21211:2018 21180:2023 21150:2023 21138:WION 21120:2021 21075:2023 21045:2023 21006:2023 20976:2023 20946:2023 20916:2023 20886:2020 20854:2023 20822:2023 20787:2023 20761:2022 20735:2012 20703:2022 20673:2023 20655:ISBN 20634:2023 20602:2023 20570:2021 20554:PMID 20517:2023 20481:2023 20445:2023 20409:2016 20379:2023 20343:2023 20313:2023 20277:2020 20247:2023 20221:2012 20187:2012 20153:2023 20123:2023 20098:2023 20055:OCLC 20036:2023 20006:2023 19976:2023 19940:2023 19904:ISBN 19881:2012 19855:2023 19825:2023 19795:2023 19765:2023 19735:2023 19705:2023 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17145:2020 17114:2023 17084:2023 17043:ISBN 17018:ISBN 16993:ISBN 16953:ISBN 16934:2024 16916:ISBN 16895:2024 16877:ISBN 16815:ISBN 16790:ISBN 16765:ISBN 16726:ISBN 16701:ISBN 16682:2023 16664:ISBN 16637:ISBN 16618:2023 16600:ISBN 16573:ISBN 16554:2022 16522:2022 16492:2012 16462:2012 16427:2019 16408:ISSN 16372:ISBN 16353:2018 16321:2008 16289:ISBN 16264:ISBN 16239:ISBN 16199:ISBN 16180:2023 16164:ISSN 16121:ISBN 16102:2014 16071:2015 16034:ISBN 16009:ISBN 15984:ISBN 15959:ISBN 15931:ISBN 15906:ISBN 15887:2024 15869:ISBN 15840:2015 15686:2024 15645:ISBN 15624:2019 15557:2023 15521:ISBN 15502:2016 15472:2023 15440:ISBN 15415:ISBN 15390:ISBN 15365:ISBN 15338:2012 15308:2015 15278:2023 15239:2015 15207:2016 15174:2016 15138:ISBN 15113:ISBN 15088:ISBN 15063:ISBN 15044:2023 15014:2021 14984:2021 14954:2021 14925:2021 14892:2023 14862:2021 14829:2021 14723:2017 14660:ISBN 14631:ISBN 14612:2023 14600:Inkl 14582:2022 14541:2023 14511:2023 14478:2023 14448:2023 14416:2023 14384:2023 14354:2012 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