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At some point, temperate bacteriophages switch from the lysogenic life cycle to the lytic life cycle. This conversion may happen spontaneously, although at very low frequencies (λ displays spontaneous conversion of 10 to 10 per cell). In the majority of observed switch events, stressors - such as the
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Temperate phages can switch between a lytic and lysogenic life cycle. Lytic is more drastic, killing the host whereas lysogenic impacts host cells genetically or physiologically. Here is a chart on temperate phages that are lytic and lysogenic and how they're related. Lysogeny is characterized by
64:
is often used as an antonym to temperate, but more strictly a virulent phage is one that has lost its ability to display lysogeny through mutation rather than a phage lineage with no genetic potential to ever display lysogeny (which more properly would be described as an obligately lytic phage).
220:"Inhibition of spontaneous induction of lambdoid prophages in Escherichia coli cultures: simple procedures with possible biotechnological applications"
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life cycle, where the prophage is expressed, replicates the phage genome, and produces phage progeny, which then leave the
183:
Barksdale L, Arden SB (1974). "Persisting bacteriophage infections, lysogeny, and phage conversions".
393:"Temperate Bacteriophages—The Powerful Indirect Modulators of Eukaryotic Cells and Immune Functions"
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Cieślik M, Bagińska N, Jończyk-Matysiak E, Węgrzyn A, Węgrzyn G, Górski A (2021-05-28).
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25:
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312:
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75:
29:
351:
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236:
204:
328:"Lysogeny in nature: mechanisms, impact and ecology of temperate phages"
271:"Lysogeny in nature: mechanisms, impact and ecology of temperate phages"
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390:
136:
Staphylococcal phages
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268:
61:
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Howard-Varona C, Hargreaves KR, Abedon ST, Sullivan MB (July 2017).
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Howard-Varona C, Hargreaves KR, Abedon ST, Sullivan MB (July 2017).
52:. A temperate phage is also able to undergo a productive, typically
78:(due to DNA damage) or a change in nutrients - induces the switch.
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49:
41:
17:
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E. coli prophage, SUSP1, SUSP2
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37:
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36:. Many (but not all) temperate phages can integrate their
452:"The Role of Temperate Phages in Bacterial Pathogenicity"
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the integration of the phage genome in the host genome.
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450:Gummalla VS, Zhang Y, Liao YT, Wu VC (2023-02-21).
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218:Czyz A, Los M, Wrobel B, Wegrzyn G (2001).
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44:chromosome, together becoming a
469:10.3390/microorganisms11030541
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48:as the phage genome becomes a
24:refers to the ability of some
1:
185:Annual Review of Microbiology
529:. You can help Knowledge by
69:Induction of the lytic cycle
7:
116:Fels-2, Enterobacteriaceae
10:
602:
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82:Lysogenic and lytic cycles
165:Lysogenic and Lytic Cycle
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154:Staphylococcus phage
142:Clostridium perfringens
60:. With phage the term
525:-related article is a
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352:10.1038/ismej.2017.16
295:10.1038/ismej.2017.16
237:10.1186/1472-6750-1-1
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132:Staphylococcus aureus
34:lysogenic life cycle
344:2017ISMEJ..11.1511H
287:2017ISMEJ..11.1511H
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146:Clostridium phage
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410:10.3390/v13061013
224:BMC Biotechnology
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96:Temperate Phages
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338:(7): 1511–1520.
332:The ISME Journal
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281:(7): 1511–1520.
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102:Escherichia coli
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40:into their host
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32:) to display a
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126:CTXđťś‘
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76:SOS response
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586:Virus stubs
403:(6): 1013.
42:bacterium's
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570:Categories
462:(3): 541.
191:: 265–99.
148:phiMMP01,
112:Salmonella
478:2076-2607
419:1999-4915
360:1751-7362
58:bacterium
28:(notably
22:temperate
576:Virology
496:36985115
487:10052878
437:34071422
378:28291233
313:28291233
256:11316465
230:(1): 1.
62:virulent
50:prophage
18:virology
428:8228536
397:Viruses
369:5520141
340:Bibcode
304:5520141
283:Bibcode
205:4215366
74:cell's
46:lysogen
38:genomes
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247:32160
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93:Host
54:lytic
527:stub
492:PMID
474:ISSN
433:PMID
415:ISSN
374:PMID
356:ISSN
309:PMID
252:PMID
201:PMID
482:PMC
464:doi
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232:doi
193:doi
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