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87:. The family was not connected with the musical profession: his father Nicolas was a basket maker, his grandfather Jean was a schoolmaster. His mother Célinie Dubois (née Charbonnier) did not have a profession and mostly spent time raising the young Théodore. Dubois studied the piano under Louis Fanart, the choirmaster of
499:
After his retirement from the
Conservatoire, Dubois remained a familiar figure in Parisian musical circles. He was president of the association of Conservatoire alumni, and presided at its annual award ceremony. Until his final years he remained vigorous. The death of his wife in 1923 was a blow from
405:
commented on "distinguished music, of a melancholy hue, which lacks only a little more warmth and colour – the sun of the South", and added that although the music was not outstandingly inspired or original, it was capably written and well suited to the action throughout. The piece was popular and
451:
In 1896 Thomas, director of the
Conservatoire since 1871, died. Massenet, professor of counterpoint, fugue and composition, was widely expected to succeed him but overplayed his hand by insisting on appointment for life. When the French government refused, he resigned from the faculty. Dubois was
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In June 1905 Dubois was forced to bring his planned retirement forward after a public scandal caused by the faculty's blatant attempt to stop Ravel winning the Prix de Rome. Fauré was appointed to succeed Dubois as director, with a brief from the French government to modernise the institution.
283:
of 1870–71 he joined the
National Guard; his biographer Hugues Imbert records, "it was in military uniform that he and Saint-Saëns often met at the église de la Madeleine, one to lead the chapel choirs, the other to ascend to the great organ". Both men escaped the bloody final days of the
1188:
An alternative explanation for
Massenet's resignation was propounded by Massenet himself, who wrote in 1910 that he had remained in post as professor out of loyalty to Thomas, and was eager to abandon all academic work in favour of composing, a statement repeated by at least two of his
61:
As a composer, Dubois was seen as capable and tasteful, but not strikingly original or inspired. He hoped for a career as an opera composer, but became better known for his church compositions. His books on music theory were influential, and remained in use for many years.
540:. The story revolves around a widowed mother who plots to kill her daughter, Xavière, with the help of her fiancé's father to gain the daughter's inheritance. Xavière survives the attack with the help of a priest, and the opera finishes with a conventional happy ending.
417:. It opened at the Théâtre Italien in the Place du Châtelet and was enthusiastically received, but closed after four performances when a financial crisis forced the theatre out of business, leaving Dubois with personal liabilities to pay the singers' outstanding wages.
53:
as the
Conservatoire's director. He continued his predecessor's strictly conservative curriculum and was forced to retire early after a scandal erupted over the faculty's attempt to rig the Prix de Rome competition to prevent the modernist
48:
in 1861. He became an organist and choirmaster at several well-known churches in Paris, and at the same time was a professor in the
Conservatoire, teaching harmony from 1871 to 1891 and composition from 1891 to 1896, when he succeeded
386:. Like Fauré, Dubois, though impressed by Wagner's music, did not allow it to influence his own compositions as many of their fellow French composers did, although on his return to Paris he made an intensive study of Wagner's scores.
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that no music more beautiful had ever been written. Privately he was fascinated by
Debussy's music, with its "subtiles harmonies et les précieux raffinements" – subtle harmonies and precious refinements.
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found the score unpretentious and "not without wit and or skill", and though not particularly original, nonetheless very elegant, with some excellent melodies. Together with Fauré, Dubois travelled to
563:(1889), remains in the regular organ repertoire. The rest of his large output has almost entirely disappeared from view. He has had a more lasting influence in teaching, with his theoretical works
353:
In 1877 Saint-Saëns retired as organist of the
Madeleine; Dubois replaced him and was succeeded as choirmaster by Fauré. In 1879 Dubois had an opera staged in one of the major Parisian houses: the
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The printed commentary below is hostile, describing Dubois as "pète-sec un et pisse-froid … ressemble à un proviseur de petite ville": "fart-dry and piss-cold … looks like a small-town headmaster"
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Although he wrote many religious works, Dubois had hopes for a successful career in opera. His fascination with Near-Eastern subjects led to the composition to his first staged work,
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who, when a
Conservatoire student, did not conform to the faculty's anti-modernism, and in 1902 Dubois unavailingly forbade Conservatoire students to attend performances of
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648:, opéra (3 acts) (Originally unperformed, except prélude and second act tableau from Act 3, concert perf. 23 February 1896, Paris.) f.p. 18 May 1916, Opéra, Paris.
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On his return to Paris in 1866 Dubois was appointed maître de chapelle (choirmaster) at Sainte-Clotilde, where, on Good Friday, 1867, his forces performed his
1314:
1990:
127:(under César Franck) from 1858. He gained successively first prizes for harmony, fugue, and organ, and finally, in 1861, France's premier musical prize the
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Theodore Dubois, The
Romantic Piano Concerto #60, (2013) Concerto-capriccioso in C minor; Piano Concerto #2 and Suite for Piano and String Orchestra,
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1995:
2010:
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as professor of harmony; he retained the post for the next 20 years. His students in his harmony and, later, composition classes included
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Théodore Dubois, Musique sacrée et symphonique & Musique de Chambre (2015), Various performers; BruZane ES1018RSK (Volume 2 in
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Dubois had ambitions to be an opera composer, but was unable to gain a foothold at the major Parisian opera companies. At the old
2005:
157:. Between his studies he visited the monuments of Rome and the surrounding countryside, attended the musical performances of the
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died in January 1891, Dubois was appointed to succeed him as professor of composition at the Conservatoire. After the death of
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642:, idylle dramatique (3 acts, L. Gallet, after F. Fabre), f.p. 26 November 1895, Opéra Comique (Théâtre Lyrique), Paris.
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and modern music, including that of Wagner, were kept rigorously out of the curriculum. Dubois was unremittingly hostile to
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346:(Paradise Lost) was performed, first at the public expense November 1878), and again on the two following Sundays at the
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In his private capacity, Dubois was less reactionary than in the academic régime over which he presided. When Wagner's
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was frequently revived at the Opéra over the next few years. In the same year Dubois was appointed a chevalier of the
217:(The Seven Last Words of Christ), afterwards performed at the Concerts populaires (1870) and in many other churches.
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256:
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952:
Dubois, Théodore (1921). Réalisations des basses et chants du Traité d'harmonie par Théodore Dubois. Paris: Heugel.
19:
2015:
1970:
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1875:
311:. In August 1872 Dubois married the pianist Jeanne Duvinage (1843–1922), whose father was a conductor at the
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Dubois, Théodore (1889). Notes et études d'harmonie pour servir de supplément au traité de H. Reber. Paris:
104:
1894:
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1890:
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which he did not recover, and he died at his Paris home, after a short illness, on 11 June 1924, aged 86.
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153:. During his time there, beginning in December 1861, Dubois became a friend of fellow students including
91:, and was a protégé of the mayor of Rosnay, Vicomte Eugène de Breuil, who introduced him to the pianist
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633:
347:
1476:
Duchen, p. 122; Gordon, p. 131; Johnson, p. 260; Jones, p. 78; Nectoux (1994), p. 63; and Smith, p. 137
437:, a recognition, according to his biographer Jann Pasler, of "the clarity and idealism of his music".
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532:) and the work, but it did not gain a place in the regular repertoire. His other large-scale opera,
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and Mlle F. Dubois (no relation) led the cast at the Opéra-Comique, and the piece was pronounced a
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appointed director and continued Thomas's intransigently conservative regime. The music of Auber,
334:, was successfully given in 1873 in a triple bill with short operas by Jean Gregoire Penavaire and
260:
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616:, opéra comique (1 act, A. Brunswick & A.R. de Beauplan), f.p. 26/27 February 1879,
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559:("The Seven Last Words of Christ" ), which continues to be performed from time to time. His
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201:) and finally a solemn Mass. Among the eminent musicians he met during his time in Rome was
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189:. He gave his impressions musical form in an overture in the classical style, an Italian
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was regarded as the correct model for students, and old French music such as that of
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700:, (1867) oratorio dedicated to Abbot Jean-Gaspard (1797-1871) curé of La Madeleine.
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977:(pianist), BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, Andrew Manze-conductor, Hyperion 67931
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632:, opéra (4 acts, L. Détroyat & A. de Lauzières), f.p. 16 December 1884,
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Theodore Dubois Chamber Music sound-bites from several works and short biography
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Dubois, Théodore (1921). Traité d'harmonie théorique et pratique. Paris: Heugel.
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Dubois never succeeded in having an opera staged by France's premier house, the
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The Prix brought with it liberally subsidised accommodation and tuition at the
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606:, opéra comique (1 act, J. Barbier & M. Carré), f.p. 30 April 1873,
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342:, the prize at the Concours Musical instituted by the city of Paris, and his
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for flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, 2 violins, viola, cello and double bass
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Dubois, Théodore (1901). Traité de contrepoint et de fugue. Paris: Heugel.
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1315:"150ème anniversaire de la naissance de la Société nationale de musique"
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had its belated Parisian premiere in 1914, Dubois said to his colleague
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Théodore Dubois, Organistes de Paris à la Belle Époque, Vol 1 (2004),
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Dubois joined the faculty of the Conservatoire in 1871, succeeding
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and Massenet. In the same year he was appointed choirmaster at the
259:
in 1871, Dubois was a founding member together with, among others,
186:
1907:
288:, Saint-Saëns to England and Dubois to his family home in Rosnay.
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In 1884 Dubois had an expensive success with his four-act opera,
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Camille Saint-Saëns et Gabriel Fauré: Correspondance, 1862–1920
368:
315:. It was a lifelong and happy marriage; they had two children.
178:
174:
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1707:
Jullien, Adolphe (1902). "Dubois, François Clément Théodore".
524:. The latter received excellent notices, for the cast (led by
572:
433:
in 1894 Dubois was elected to succeed him as a member of the
190:
182:
84:
119:. While still a student he was engaged to play the organ at
95:. Through Ravina's contacts, Dubois gained admission to the
555:
and three symphonies. His best known work is the oratorio
1087:
List of music students by teacher: C to F#Théodore Dubois
536:, described as "a dramatic idyll", is set in the rural
1769:(in French). Paris: Société française de musicologie.
205:, who heard the Mass and encouraged the young Dubois.
1711:. Vol. 1 (second ed.). London: Macmillan.
687:), f.p. 14 December 1883, Opéra-Comique, Paris.
908:
Douze Pièces Nouvelles pour orgue ou piano-pédalier
626:, scène lyrique (1 act, P. Collin), f.p. 1879.
23:Dubois in 1896, the year he became director of the
1232:, Oxford University Press. Retrieved 24 May 2021
1502:, Oxford University Press. Retrieved 24 May 2021
1342:, Oxford University Press. Retrieved 24 May 2021
44:, Dubois won France's premier musical prize, the
1927:
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848:Quintet for oboe, violin, viola, cello and piano
1916:Xavière : idylle dramatique en trois actes
820:Suite for Piano and String Orchestra in F minor
927:42 Pièces pour orgue sans pédales ou harmonium
706:, oratorio (1878 - Prix de la ville de Paris)
33:(24 August 1837 – 11 June 1924) was a French
1991:Academic staff of the Conservatoire de Paris
1648:Massenet – A Chronicle of His Life and Times
1317:, Concertclassic.com. Retrieved 24 May 2021
918:Deux Petites Pièces pour orgue ou harmonium
677:), f.p. 12 January 1880, Opéra, Paris.
551:The music of Dubois also includes ballets,
397:, to Dubois' music, was given there, with
1880:International Music Score Library Project
1870:Festival Théodore Dubois and official art
1805:
1750:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1709:Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1671:Gabriel Fauré – The Songs and their Poets
898:Douze Pièces pour orgue ou piano-pédalier
768:for piano & orchestra, C minor (1876)
1723:
1673:. Farnham, UK; Burlington, US: Ashgate.
845:for violin, viola, cello, harp and organ
600:, (unpublished, composed in Rome, 1863).
507:
439:
219:
133:
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16:French composer and organist (1837–1924)
2036:Members of the Royal Academy of Belgium
1996:Directors of the Conservatoire de Paris
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922:Petite pastorale champenoise et Prélude
577:Traité d'harmonie théorique et pratique
371:in July 1880 to attend performances of
364:Les Annales du théâtre et de la musique
37:composer, organist, and music teacher.
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970:Cathedral in Moulins(F) Syrius 141382.
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326:(The Emir's Lute), with a libretto by
115:and counterpoint and composition with
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1388:Noël and Stoullig (1880), pp. 178–179
1300:
1298:
1226:"Dubois, (François Clément) Théodore"
873:
839:) for viola or cello and piano (1886)
103:, in 1854. He studied the piano with
2011:Pupils of Antoine François Marmontel
1517:Nichols, p. 35; and Orenstein, p. 26
1485:Massenet, p. 216; and Irvine, p. 204
1418:
1271:
1269:
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1265:
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762:for strings, oboe, harp, & organ
583:) still being sometimes used today.
1651:. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
1579:
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860:Dectet for string and wind quintets
731:
393:, but in 1883 the three-act ballet
13:
2051:19th-century French male musicians
2046:20th-century French male musicians
1791:. Master Musicians. London: Dent.
1295:
1071:Problems playing these files? See
995:
890:Numerous pieces for organ and for
208:
65:
14:
2077:
1918:, 1896 publication, digitized by
1863:
1690:Gabriel Fauré – A Life in Letters
1256:
727:Masses and religious compositions
586:
565:Traité de contrepoint et de fugue
1961:French composers of sacred music
1951:20th-century classical composers
1946:19th-century classical composers
1053:
1032:
1011:
854:for flute, viola and harp (1905)
826:
520:, and his first four-act opera,
31:Clément François Théodore Dubois
2061:French male classical organists
2021:French male non-fiction writers
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1427:Noël and Stoullig (1884), p. 24
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857:Piano Quartet in A minor (1907)
738:Marche héroïque de Jeanne d'Arc
2006:People from Marne (department)
1891:Free scores by Théodore Dubois
1876:Free scores by Théodore Dubois
1329:
1320:
1307:
1247:
1238:
709:Numerous cantatas, including:
691:
420:
70:
1:
2041:20th-century French composers
2026:19th-century French composers
2001:Conservatoire de Paris alumni
1906:(Posth.). Andrew Pink (2021)
1848:. Stuyvesant, US: Pendragon.
1765:Nectoux, Jean-Michel (1994).
1748:Gabriel Fauré: A Musical Life
1196:
1093:Notes, references and sources
900:(1889), including the famous
444:1902 caricature of Dubois by
357:presented his one-act comedy
1986:Prix de Rome for composition
1895:Choral Public Domain Library
1872:| Palazzetto Bru Zane Venice
869:Nocturne for cello and piano
257:Société nationale de musique
226:Société nationale de musique
7:
1976:French male opera composers
1829:. London: Eulenburg Books.
1080:
1042:Performed by Ulrich Metzner
933:
472:ground-breaking new opera,
228:: clockwise from top left:
10:
2082:
2066:19th-century musicologists
1966:French classical organists
1806:Orenstein, Arbie (1991) .
1616:
756:, poème symphonique (1901)
711:L'enlèvement de Proserpine
698:Les Sept Paroles du Christ
664:
624:L'enlèvement de Proserpine
598:La prova di un'opera seria
557:Les sept paroles du Christ
224:Dubois' colleagues in the
215:Les Sept paroles du Christ
105:Antoine François Marmontel
2056:Composers for pedal piano
1956:French Romantic composers
1846:Saint-Saëns and the Organ
1730:. Boston: Small Maynard.
1724:Massenet, Jules (1919) .
1688:Jones, J. Barrie (1989).
1609:, 30 November 1895, p. 10
1590:"Mort de Théodore Dubois"
1455:, 27 December 1884, p. 14
1364:"Spectacles du 10 Mai 18"
1021:Performed by Ashtar Moïra
881:Chœur et Danse des Lutins
745:for organ & orchestra
591:
338:. In 1878 he shared with
1981:Composers for pipe organ
1825:Orledge, Robert (1979).
1292:, 8 August 1924, pp. 4–5
1140:Dumitru Kiriac-Georgescu
1097:
988:
964:Helga Schauerte-Maubouet
778:Concerto pour piano n° 2
723:Les Vivants et les Morts
620:(Théâtre Favart), Paris.
503:
2031:French ballet composers
1808:Ravel: Man and Musician
1504:(subscription required)
1344:(subscription required)
1234:(subscription required)
435:Académie des Beaux-Arts
277:Church of the Madeleine
195:La prova di opera seria
2016:French music theorists
1971:French opera composers
1844:Smith, Rollin (2010).
1810:. Mineola, US: Dover.
1645:Irvine, Demar (1994).
1576:, 20 June 1924, p. 284
1553:Nectoux (1991), p. 268
1544:Nectoux (1991), p. 267
1526:Nectoux (1991), p. 269
1451:"The Drama in Paris",
1397:Nectoux (1991), p. 507
1144:Fernand de La Tombelle
1063:MIDI by Ulrich Metzner
1000:
513:
448:
244:
147:French Academy in Rome
142:
121:St Louis-des-Invalides
27:
1406:Nectoux (1991), p. 39
999:
885:Six Poèmes Sylvestres
511:
443:
223:
137:
22:
1744:Nectoux, Jean-Michel
1692:. London: Batsford.
1596:, 12 June 1924, p. 1
1588:Gandrey-Rety, Jean.
1284:Gandrey-Rety, Jean.
1275:Jullien, pp. 734–735
1253:Imbert, p. pp. 48–49
1028:Cantilène religieuse
982:Collection Portraits
784:Notre-Dame de la Mer
772:Concerto pour violon
743:Fantaisie triomphale
608:Théâtre de l'Athénée
475:Pelléas et Mélisande
348:Concerts du Châtelet
161:, and made trips to
1630:. London: Phaidon.
1368:Courrier des hotels
957:Recording selection
879:Piano works :
790:Symphonie française
786:, poème symphonique
760:Méditation, Prières
652:La fiancée d'Abydos
634:Théâtre du Châtelet
281:Franco-Prussian War
249:Camille Saint-Saëns
234:Camille Saint-Saëns
97:Paris Conservatoire
75:Dubois was born in
42:Paris Conservatoire
40:After study at the
25:Paris Conservatoire
1500:Grove Music Online
1340:Grove Music Online
1230:Grove Music Online
1160:Joseph Guy Ropartz
1120:Pierre de Bréville
1001:
910:(1893), including
874:Other compositions
766:Concerto-Capriccio
604:La guzla de l'émir
518:La guzla de l'émir
514:
449:
324:La Guzla de l'Emir
245:
197:– Rehearsal of an
143:
28:
1909:Exordia ad missam
1900:Theodore Dubois.
1855:978-1-57-647180-7
1817:978-0-486-26633-6
1798:978-0-460-03146-2
1776:978-2-85-357004-6
1757:978-0-52-161695-9
1699:978-0-71-345468-0
1680:978-0-75-465960-0
1658:978-1-57-467024-0
1637:978-0-71-483932-5
1568:"Théodore Dubois"
1496:"Massenet, Jules"
1494:Macdonald, Hugh.
1286:"Théodore Dubois"
1132:Gabrielle Ferrari
1116:Guillaume Couture
1058:
1037:
1016:
975:Cédric Tiberghien
837:Andante Cantabile
383:Die Meistersinger
107:, the organ with
93:Jean-Henri Ravina
83:, a village near
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1727:My Recollections
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1313:Cochard, Alain.
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1164:Spyridon Samaras
1128:Maurice Emmanuel
1110:Others included
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1039:
1038:
1018:
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998:
780:, F minor (1897)
732:Orchestral works
704:Le Paradis Perdu
408:Legion of Honour
255:established the
111:, harmony with
109:François Benoist
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446:Aroun-al-Rascid
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320:Théâtre Athénée
309:Florent Schmitt
305:Albéric Magnard
211:
209:Return to Paris
151:Villa de Medici
139:Villa de Medici
125:Sainte-Clotilde
117:Ambroise Thomas
89:Reims Cathedral
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66:Life and career
51:Ambroise Thomas
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512:Dubois in 1905
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293:Antoine Elwart
273:Ernest Guiraud
253:Romain Bussine
230:Romain Bussine
210:
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159:Sistine Chapel
155:Jules Massenet
123:from 1855 and
113:François Bazin
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361:in February.
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344:Paradis perdu
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286:Paris Commune
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279:. During the
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1007:In Paradisum
981:
926:
921:
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912:In Paradisum
911:
907:
904:in G (no. 3)
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681:La Farandole
680:
671:La Korrigane
670:
658:Le florentin
657:
651:
645:
639:
629:
623:
613:
603:
597:
576:
569:counterpoint
564:
561:Toccata in G
560:
556:
550:
545:
533:
521:
517:
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498:
486:
484:
480:
473:
450:
424:
414:
412:
402:
399:Rosita Mauri
395:La Farandole
394:
388:
381:
375:
362:
358:
352:
343:
332:Michel Carré
323:
322:his one-act
317:
290:
269:César Franck
261:Henri Duparc
246:
242:César Franck
214:
212:
194:
144:
129:Prix de Rome
101:Daniel Auber
99:, headed by
74:
60:
46:Prix de Rome
39:
30:
29:
1941:1924 deaths
1936:1837 births
1605:"Xavière",
1136:Louis Ganne
814:Fantasietta
692:Vocal works
614:Le pain bis
493:Georges Hüe
427:Léo Delibes
421:Later years
403:Les Annales
391:Paris Opéra
359:Le Pain bis
336:Paul Lacôme
203:Franz Liszt
199:opera seria
71:Early years
1930:Categories
1197:References
1073:media help
852:Terzettino
719:Bergerette
630:Aben-Hamet
526:Emma Calvé
522:Aben-Hamet
415:Aben-Hamet
377:Tannhäuser
297:Paul Dukas
1903:Adoration
1736:774419363
1049:Interlude
892:harmonium
833:Cantabile
808:Evocation
553:oratorios
470:Debussy's
458:Meyerbeer
149:, at the
1787:(1977).
1746:(1991).
1669:(2009).
1626:(2000).
1336:"Dubois"
1081:See also
966:, Organ
934:Writings
636:, Paris.
610:, Paris.
538:Auvergne
488:Parsifal
373:Wagner's
187:Florence
35:Romantic
1893:in the
1882:(IMSLP)
1878:at the
1617:Sources
1607:The Era
1594:Comœdia
1453:The Era
968:Merklin
914:(no. 9)
902:Toccata
864:Nonetto
665:Ballets
646:Miguela
640:Xavière
581:harmony
534:Xavière
193:opera (
167:Pompeii
1852:
1833:
1814:
1795:
1773:
1754:
1734:
1717:861125
1715:
1696:
1677:
1655:
1634:
1564:quoted
941:Heugel
929:(1925)
887:, etc.
822:(1917)
816:(1917)
810:(1915)
804:(1915)
798:(1911)
792:(1908)
774:(1896)
754:Adonis
592:Operas
575:) and
462:Rameau
454:Halévy
369:Munich
179:Mantua
175:Verona
171:Venice
163:Naples
141:, Rome
77:Rosnay
1789:Ravel
1098:Notes
1085:See:
989:Media
715:Hylas
573:fugue
504:Music
425:When
247:When
191:buffo
183:Milan
85:Reims
81:Marne
1850:ISBN
1831:ISBN
1812:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1771:ISBN
1752:ISBN
1732:OCLC
1713:OCLC
1694:ISBN
1675:ISBN
1653:ISBN
1632:ISBN
1166:and
835:(or
579:(on
571:and
567:(on
528:and
380:and
330:and
307:and
251:and
185:and
1920:BYU
1566:in
263:,
79:in
1932::
1592:,
1581:^
1570:,
1510:^
1498:,
1460:^
1444:^
1432:^
1420:^
1366:,
1338:,
1297:^
1288:,
1258:^
1228:,
1205:^
1162:,
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1089:.
883:,
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717:,
713:,
548:.
478:.
410:.
350:.
303:,
299:,
271:,
267:,
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236:,
232:,
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177:,
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165:,
131:.
1912:.
1858:.
1839:.
1820:.
1801:.
1779:.
1760:.
1738:.
1719:.
1702:.
1683:.
1661:.
1640:.
1170:.
1075:.
984:)
943:.
894:.
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