404:
27:
262:
159:
220:
ant-life makes very easy the performance of petty routine duties, but specially difficult the attainment of manhood’s estate. It imparts skill to the limbs of the man who is a bondsman, whose labor is drudgery; but it kills the mind of a man who is a doer, whose work is creation. So in India, during long ages past, we have the spectacle of only a repetition of that which has gone before.
273:
points out that there can be several such interventions in the personal sphere where one can make a constructive contribution by incorporating a small change in daily habits. He therefore contends, while the spinning of the charkha maybe viewed as an activity which is beneficial by itself, its actual harm is in its undue importance as a symbol over all other such interventions.
228:
either by fear or greed or ‘hypnotic texts’. Tagore believes that the
Gandhian ethic of charkha-spinning is simply another device for lulling the human mind into a sort of conformity against the colonial government, and is not the base for any real intellectual or spiritual rejuvenation as claimed by Gandhi.
276:
Furthermore, Tagore does not like the idea of the charkha invading the personal space of the individual, where his idea of leisure is one which must be measured along matrices of constructivity and productivity. Here Tagore makes a theological point by claiming that the ultimate shudra (low caste) is
272:
Another argument which Tagore tackles, is the one where it is suggested that even if the charkha is not playing a larger role in rejuvenating the masses intellectually, at least it provides constructive economic activity at the domestic level. Tagore does not really challenge this argument, but only
232:
Human nature has its elasticity; and in the name of urgency, it can be forced towards a particular direction far beyond its normal and wholesome limits. But the rebound is sure to follow, and the consequent disillusionment will leave behind it a desert track of demoralization... ... I am afraid of a
219:
Every individual of every caste has his function assigned to him, together with the obsession into which he has been hypnotized, that, since he is bound by some divine mandate, accepted by his first ancestor, it would be sinful for him to seek relief therefrom. This imitation of the social scheme of
252:
He further counters any points on the dignity of manual labor, by stating that the survival instinct of man might allow him suppress his intellectual needs, but claiming that there is a comfort in the dignity of the same would be taking it too far. Thus, Tagore negates the positive impact that the
227:
He claims this problem of repetition cuts at the very soul of human spirit and is contrary to the work of God evidenced by the infusion of the human ‘mind’ which is independent and free. The only way that masters in the past have been able to subjugate masses into slavery is by poisoning the mind
180:
were among the two most influential Indian figures during the independence movement against the colonial rule of the
British. Tagore became the first non-European to be awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913 and was instrumental in reshaping Bengali literature and music. He was considered
292:
Thus, Tagore himself saw the essay as a critique of the politics and ideology of the charkha but in no way as an attack on Gandhi as the leader of the Indian masses. Tagore offers the essay as a personal document on why he does not endorse the
Gandhian ethic of the charkha but clarifies that he
247:
By doing the same thing day after day mechanical skill may be acquired; but the mind like a mill-turning bullock will be kept going round and round a narrow range of habit. That Is why, in every country man has looked down on work which involves this kind of mechanical repetition. -Rabindranath
242:
Tagore considers another argument which has often followed the cult of the charkha, which is the effect of external labor on the mind. Tagore is critical of the impact of manual labor in rejuvenating the mind of the person undertaking it. He brings into question the nature of labor indulged in.
233:
blind faith on a very large scale in the charkha, in the country, which is so liable to succumb to the lure of short cuts when pointed out by a personality about whose moral earnestness they can have no doubt. -Rabindranath Tagore, "The Cult of the
Charkha"
189:’ (or Great Soul). Incidentally, Tagore is said to have accorded and popularized this title for Gandhi. The two men had great mutual respect for each other but often differed significantly on some issues.
277:
actually the machine, because it is the job of the shudra to facilitate the convenience of man's labor. The idea of privileging a machine as the centre of a man's universe does not appeal much to Tagore.
328:
203:
In the Indian context, this text is of immense value as it offers a dialogue on the role of machinery, nature of labor and its role in rejuvenating the intellectual life of the nation.
784:
243:
Repetitive manual labor routine without innovation and fresh inputs is unlikely to positively impact the intellect. Tagore illustrates this point with the following example:
1148:
403:
999:
181:
widely as a colossus of the Indian intelligentsia. Gandhi, on the other hand, emerged as the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the
993:
48:
41:
289:(divine energy) provided to the people of India by providence itself. However, he humbly chooses to differ with Gandhi on the subject of the charkha.
946:
285:
Tagore addresses Gandhi reverentially in the end of his essay, by proclaiming him as a being of "great moral personality" and an embodiment of
2079:
1730:
360:
2119:
1772:
2104:
2154:
2109:
2094:
1212:
91:
2124:
63:
2303:
2144:
2139:
1101:
1096:
1046:
2069:
1233:
2278:
2149:
2089:
1330:
393:
197:
70:
2338:
2046:
416:
2273:
2134:
388:
77:
2129:
2298:
2177:
2074:
383:
353:
110:
59:
1448:
2243:
2061:
1315:
1217:
1755:
863:
900:
1790:
1404:
1039:
1013:
557:
412:
346:
182:
147:
192:
One such issue was Gandhi's call for spinning the charkha as an activity which was to be the locus of the
2288:
905:
301:
1511:
842:
177:
2213:
2208:
1763:
473:
84:
1782:
1619:
1091:
920:
800:
523:
143:
134:
200:. Tagore did not view this as a beneficial exercise and wrote the essay as a critique against it.
2263:
2182:
2026:
1951:
1931:
1855:
1745:
1584:
1032:
895:
647:
37:
2293:
2268:
2253:
2187:
1986:
1981:
1360:
1300:
1253:
1106:
1071:
966:
814:
709:
631:
465:
297:
of the
Mahatma and only prays that the Indian masses can live up to the standards set by him.
1760:
1694:
1684:
1559:
1454:
1238:
1202:
1165:
1143:
885:
735:
1714:
1128:
1086:
961:
769:
441:
8:
2258:
1966:
1936:
1896:
1845:
1830:
1589:
1486:
1471:
1400:
1377:
1187:
1170:
1007:
951:
741:
497:
369:
173:
166:
129:
2238:
2223:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1750:
1740:
1669:
1634:
1629:
1604:
1491:
1481:
1413:
1308:
1248:
1081:
835:
1926:
2036:
1850:
1689:
1654:
1614:
1569:
1532:
1350:
1275:
1182:
1175:
1133:
941:
617:
185:. He was a mobilizer of the masses and respected and venerated across India as the ‘
2313:
2308:
2228:
1956:
1891:
1709:
1674:
1438:
1197:
1138:
987:
693:
624:
604:
596:
2203:
2011:
1971:
1916:
1886:
1840:
1825:
1820:
1795:
1649:
1639:
1624:
1476:
1355:
915:
675:
549:
541:
294:
211:
Tagore begins by stating that in the Indian society through the processes of the
2172:
2006:
1991:
1961:
1921:
1805:
1800:
1699:
1679:
1664:
1659:
1564:
1525:
1497:
1337:
1323:
1192:
1055:
956:
910:
856:
755:
668:
654:
638:
581:
489:
265:
162:
146:-spinning" as an activity which could rejuvenate the Indian masses during the
2332:
2248:
2233:
2218:
2001:
1996:
1865:
1815:
1810:
1599:
1594:
1538:
1518:
1394:
1116:
936:
890:
717:
661:
516:
329:
The Modern Review (Calcutta) Vol XXXVIII/The Cult of the Charka - Wikisource
2031:
2016:
1976:
1870:
1766:
1704:
1579:
1111:
1076:
457:
212:
308:, addressing the major points of disagreement with the latter's position.
2283:
1946:
1941:
1860:
1609:
1554:
1443:
1433:
1387:
1343:
1285:
701:
305:
2021:
1835:
1735:
1574:
1290:
1270:
1160:
1123:
849:
762:
565:
338:
1503:
1265:
1260:
1155:
982:
828:
610:
573:
449:
433:
253:
hours manual labor while spinning the charkha can have on a person.
26:
1644:
1466:
1423:
1243:
1207:
821:
793:
193:
139:
261:
1418:
1024:
807:
481:
186:
158:
1461:
1383:
1280:
215:
there has been a "leveling down" of the masses over the ages.
1428:
994:The Last Harvest: Paintings of Rabindranath Tagore
2330:
280:
223:-Rabindranath Tagore, "The Cult of the Charkha"
138:. In the essay Tagore offered critique on the
132:which first appeared in September 1925 in the
1040:
354:
206:
304:to Tagore's essay in the November issue of
1047:
1033:
361:
347:
256:
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
260:
157:
368:
2331:
2279:Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Centre, Matale
1331:The Story of My Experiments with Truth
323:
321:
237:
47:Please improve this article by adding
1028:
342:
20:
2274:Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park
318:
13:
1054:
14:
2350:
2178:International Day of Non-Violence
2075:National Salt Satyagraha Memorial
248:Tagore, "The Cult of the Charka"
16:1925 essay by Rabindranath Tagore
1449:The Kingdom of God Is Within You
402:
268:spinning yarn, in the late 1920s
25:
2244:Gandhi Memorial Museum, Madurai
1761:Indian currency (Gandhi Series,
1756:Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith
1317:Hind Swaraj (Indian Home Rule)
864:Stories by Rabindranath Tagore
1:
1773:Indian 10 Rupee postage stamp
1149:Second Round Table Conference
901:Shilaidaha Rabindra Kuthibari
311:
281:Relationship with the Mahatma
49:secondary or tertiary sources
2339:Works by Rabindranath Tagore
1183:Gujarat Vidyapith University
1097:Indian independence movement
1014:Tagore sculpture controversy
558:Bhanusimha Thakurer Padabali
183:Indian independence movement
148:Indian independence movement
7:
2289:Mohandas Gandhi High School
1871:Leela (great-granddaughter)
1670:Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
906:Rabindra Bharati University
10:
2355:
1791:Karamchand Gandhi (father)
1512:Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram
178:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
153:
2196:
2165:
2054:
2045:
1879:
1781:
1723:
1547:
1369:
1299:
1226:
1062:
975:
929:
878:
783:
728:
685:
592:
533:
508:
425:
411:
400:
376:
207:The problem of repetition
60:"The Cult of the Charkha"
2304:Roads named after Gandhi
1620:Umar Hajee Ahmed Jhaveri
1102:Non-cooperation movement
921:Visva-Bharati University
198:Non-cooperation movement
1932:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai
1866:Tushar (great-grandson)
1846:Gopalkrishna (grandson)
1746:Gandhi Peace Foundation
1585:Brij Krishna Chandiwala
896:Shahjadpur Kachharibari
749:The Cult of the Charkha
648:Chitto Jetha Bhayshunyo
300:Mahatma Gandhi wrote a
293:believes in the larger
257:The charkha as a symbol
125:The Cult of the Charkha
2294:National Gandhi Museum
2269:Mahatma Gandhi College
2254:Gandhi Temple, Bhatara
2188:Season for Nonviolence
1987:Maria Lacerda de Moura
1982:Martin Luther King Jr.
1361:Gandhi Heritage Portal
1193:India ashrams (Kochrab
1107:Chauri Chaura incident
1072:Indian Ambulance Corps
632:Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata
269:
250:
235:
225:
170:
36:relies excessively on
1851:Ramchandra (grandson)
1695:Rettamalai Srinivasan
1685:Anugrah Narayan Sinha
1455:The Masque of Anarchy
1239:Composite nationalism
1234:Practices and beliefs
1166:Natal Indian Congress
886:Jorasanko Thakur Bari
736:Rabindra Nritya Natya
264:
245:
230:
217:
161:
1715:Kishorlal Mashruwala
1504:Gandhi's translation
1129:Dharasana Satyagraha
1087:Champaran Satyagraha
770:The Essential Tagore
2259:Kaba Gandhi No Delo
1967:Lal Bahadur Shastri
1937:Govind Vallabh Pant
1841:Rajmohan (grandson)
1836:Ela (granddaughter)
1731:Artistic depictions
1590:Sudhakar Chaturvedi
1487:Henry Stephens Salt
1472:Sermon on the Mount
1401:Henry David Thoreau
1378:A Letter to a Hindu
1188:Harijan Sevak Sangh
1008:Rabindra Chitravali
870:Robi Thakurer Golpo
843:Rabindranath Tagore
742:The Religion of Man
370:Rabindranath Tagore
238:The nature of labor
174:Rabindranath Tagore
130:Rabindranath Tagore
1912:C. Rajagopalachari
1907:Brajkishore Prasad
1902:Abdul Ghaffar Khan
1861:Kanu (grandnephew)
1764:Gandhi New Series,
1751:Gandhi Peace Prize
1741:Gandhi Peace Award
1635:Abdul Ghaffar Khan
1630:Hermann Kallenbach
1605:Dada Dharmadhikari
1482:Shrimad Rajchandra
1414:Civil disobedience
1406:Civil Disobedience
1082:Bardoli Satyagraha
270:
171:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2105:Parliament Square
2037:Vallabhbhai Patel
1826:Samaldas (nephew)
1821:Maganlal (cousin)
1690:Sri Krishna Sinha
1655:Vallabhbhai Patel
1640:Acharya Kripalani
1615:Shiv Prasad Gupta
1570:Shankarlal Banker
1533:Vaishnava Jana To
1351:Seven Social Sins
1144:Gandhi–Irwin Pact
1134:Vaikom Satyagraha
1022:
1021:
779:
778:
618:Amar Sonar Bangla
121:
120:
113:
95:
2346:
2314:Satyagraha House
2309:Sabarmati Ashram
2229:Gandhi Promenade
2155:Washington, D.C.
2110:Tavistock Square
2095:Pietermaritzburg
2052:
2051:
1957:Jawaharlal Nehru
1892:Aung San Suu Kyi
1710:Ravishankar Vyas
1675:Bibi Amtus Salam
1439:Parsee Rustomjee
1139:Aundh Experiment
1092:Kheda Satyagraha
1049:
1042:
1035:
1026:
1025:
988:Rabindra Jayanti
983:Adi Brahmo Samaj
694:Valmiki-Pratibha
605:Rabindra Sangeet
423:
422:
406:
363:
356:
349:
340:
339:
333:
325:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2318:
2239:Gandhi Memorial
2214:Gandhi Mandapam
2204:Aga Khan Palace
2192:
2161:
2041:
2012:Rajendra Prasad
1972:Lanza del Vasto
1927:François Bayrou
1917:Eknath Easwaran
1887:14th Dalai Lama
1875:
1856:Kanu (grandson)
1831:Arun (grandson)
1796:Kasturba (wife)
1777:
1719:
1650:Mohanlal Pandya
1625:J. C. Kumarappa
1543:
1365:
1356:Navajivan Trust
1295:
1222:
1064:
1058:
1053:
1023:
1018:
971:
925:
916:Rabindra Tirtha
874:
775:
724:
710:The Post Office
681:
594:
588:
550:Prabhat Sangeet
542:Sandhya Sangeet
529:
504:
407:
398:
394:Political views
372:
367:
337:
336:
326:
319:
314:
295:moral authority
283:
259:
240:
209:
156:
128:is an essay by
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
46:
42:primary sources
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2352:
2342:
2341:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2173:Gandhi Jayanti
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2007:Nelson Mandela
2004:
1999:
1994:
1992:Mehdi Bazargan
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1962:Joan Bondurant
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:Draupadi Murmu
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1787:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1700:V. A. Sundaram
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1680:Sonja Schlesin
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Mithuben Petit
1662:
1660:Narhari Parikh
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1565:Jamnalal Bajaj
1562:
1557:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1529:
1526:Hari Tuma Haro
1522:
1515:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1498:Unto This Last
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1398:
1391:
1381:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1341:
1338:Mangal Prabhat
1334:
1327:
1324:Indian Opinion
1320:
1313:
1305:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1056:Mahatma Gandhi
1052:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1029:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1004:
1003:
1002:
990:
985:
979:
977:
973:
972:
970:
969:
964:
959:
957:Mrinalini Devi
954:
949:
944:
939:
933:
931:
927:
926:
924:
923:
918:
913:
911:Rabindra Sadan
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
882:
880:
876:
875:
873:
872:
867:
860:
853:
846:
839:
832:
825:
818:
811:
804:
797:
789:
787:
781:
780:
777:
776:
774:
773:
766:
759:
756:Songs of Kabir
752:
745:
738:
732:
730:
726:
725:
723:
722:
714:
706:
698:
689:
687:
683:
682:
680:
679:
672:
669:Jete Nahi Dibo
665:
658:
655:Dui Bigha Jomi
651:
644:
643:
642:
639:Jana Gana Mana
628:
621:
614:
607:
601:
599:
590:
589:
587:
586:
582:Song Offerings
578:
570:
562:
554:
546:
537:
535:
531:
530:
528:
527:
520:
512:
510:
506:
505:
503:
502:
494:
490:Shesher Kabita
486:
478:
470:
462:
454:
446:
438:
429:
427:
420:
409:
408:
401:
399:
397:
396:
391:
386:
380:
378:
374:
373:
366:
365:
358:
351:
343:
335:
334:
316:
315:
313:
310:
282:
279:
258:
255:
239:
236:
208:
205:
155:
152:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2351:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2249:Gandhi Teerth
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2234:Gandhi Smriti
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2219:Gandhi Market
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2209:Gandhi Bhawan
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2145:San Francisco
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:South Africa
2085:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:Narendra Modi
2000:
1998:
1997:Morarji Desai
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1806:Manilal (son)
1804:
1802:
1801:Harilal (son)
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1600:Mahadev Desai
1598:
1596:
1595:Jugatram Dave
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1560:C. F. Andrews
1558:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1539:Vegetarianism
1537:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1519:Ekla Chalo Re
1516:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1395:Bhagavad Gita
1392:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1218:Assassination
1216:
1214:
1213:List of fasts
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1203:Sodepur Khadi
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:and movements
1061:
1057:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
995:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
978:
974:
968:
965:
963:
962:Rathindranath
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:Tagore family
935:
934:
932:
928:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
891:Shantiniketan
889:
887:
884:
883:
881:
877:
871:
868:
866:
865:
861:
859:
858:
854:
852:
851:
847:
845:
844:
840:
838:
837:
833:
831:
830:
826:
824:
823:
819:
817:
816:
812:
810:
809:
805:
803:
802:
798:
796:
795:
791:
790:
788:
786:
782:
772:
771:
767:
765:
764:
760:
758:
757:
753:
751:
750:
746:
744:
743:
739:
737:
734:
733:
731:
727:
720:
719:
715:
712:
711:
707:
704:
703:
699:
696:
695:
691:
690:
688:
684:
678:
677:
673:
671:
670:
666:
664:
663:
662:Ekla Chalo Re
659:
657:
656:
652:
650:
649:
645:
641:
640:
636:
635:
634:
633:
629:
627:
626:
622:
620:
619:
615:
613:
612:
608:
606:
603:
602:
600:
598:
591:
584:
583:
579:
576:
575:
571:
568:
567:
563:
560:
559:
555:
552:
551:
547:
544:
543:
539:
538:
536:
532:
526:
525:
521:
519:
518:
517:Hungry Stones
514:
513:
511:
507:
500:
499:
495:
492:
491:
487:
484:
483:
479:
476:
475:
471:
468:
467:
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
451:
447:
444:
443:
439:
436:
435:
431:
430:
428:
424:
421:
418:
414:
410:
405:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
381:
379:
375:
371:
364:
359:
357:
352:
350:
345:
344:
341:
332:(online text)
331:
330:
324:
322:
317:
309:
307:
303:
298:
296:
290:
288:
278:
274:
267:
263:
254:
249:
244:
234:
229:
224:
221:
216:
214:
204:
201:
199:
195:
190:
188:
184:
179:
175:
168:
164:
160:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
136:
135:Modern Review
131:
127:
126:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
44:
43:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
2264:Kirti Mandir
2183:Martyrs' Day
2090:Johannesburg
2032:Vinoba Bhave
2017:Ramjee Singh
1977:Maulana Azad
1952:James Lawson
1816:Devdas (son)
1811:Ramdas (son)
1767:Indian rupee
1705:Abbas Tyabji
1580:Vinoba Bhave
1496:
1453:
1447:
1405:
1393:
1344:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1316:
1309:
1301:Publications
1112:Purna Swaraj
1077:Tolstoy Farm
1006:
992:
952:Debendranath
869:
862:
855:
848:
841:
834:
827:
820:
813:
806:
801:Chokher Bali
799:
792:
768:
761:
754:
748:
747:
740:
716:
708:
700:
692:
674:
667:
660:
653:
646:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
580:
572:
564:
556:
548:
540:
522:
515:
496:
488:
480:
472:
464:
456:
448:
442:Chokher Bali
440:
432:
389:Middle years
327:
299:
291:
286:
284:
275:
271:
251:
246:
241:
231:
226:
222:
218:
213:caste system
210:
202:
191:
172:
133:
124:
123:
122:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
35:
18:
2284:Mani Bhavan
2166:Observances
2027:Sane Guruji
1947:James Bevel
1942:Ho Chi Minh
1610:Kanu Gandhi
1555:Swami Anand
1444:Leo Tolstoy
1434:John Ruskin
1388:nonviolence
1345:Young India
1286:Eleven vows
1254:trusteeship
1063:Life events
836:Ghare Baire
785:Adaptations
498:Char Adhyay
466:Ghare Baire
445:(1902-1903)
306:Young India
2224:Bookstores
2022:Steve Biko
1897:Abhay Bang
1880:Influenced
1736:Gandhigiri
1575:Sarla Behn
1548:Associates
1492:Tirukkuṛaḷ
1370:Influences
1291:Gandhi cap
1271:Satyagraha
1227:Philosophy
1171:Quit India
1161:Poona Pact
1124:Salt March
942:Dwarkanath
850:Teen Kanya
815:Kabuliwala
763:Natir Puja
566:Sonar Tori
524:Kabuliwala
474:Chaturanga
384:Early life
312:References
142:ethic of "
101:April 2020
71:newspapers
38:references
2135:Milwaukee
2080:New Delhi
2047:Memorials
1266:Sarvodaya
1261:Education
1249:Economics
1208:Sevagram)
1198:Sabarmati
1156:Padayatra
879:Landmarks
829:Charulata
625:Birpurush
611:Gitabitan
574:Gitanjali
450:Noukadubi
434:Nastanirh
2333:Category
2299:Raj Ghat
2150:San Jose
2140:New York
1645:Mirabehn
1467:Pacifism
1424:Hinduism
1276:Swadeshi
1244:Gandhism
947:Ramanath
822:Dak Ghar
794:Giribala
676:Vocation
194:Swadeshi
140:Gandhian
2130:Houston
2055:Statues
1477:Shravan
1419:Fasting
1408:(essay)
1310:Harijan
976:Related
967:Pratima
857:Jogajog
808:Balidan
509:Stories
482:Jogajog
187:Mahatma
169:in 1940
154:Context
144:charkha
85:scholar
2125:Denver
2066:India
1783:Family
1724:Legacy
1462:Narmad
1384:Ahimsa
1281:Swaraj
1176:speech
930:Family
729:Others
721:(1913)
718:Chitra
713:(1912)
705:(1910)
697:(1888)
585:(1912)
577:(1910)
569:(1894)
561:(1884)
553:(1883)
545:(1881)
534:Poetry
501:(1934)
493:(1929)
485:(1929)
477:(1916)
469:(1916)
461:(1909)
453:(1906)
437:(1901)
426:Novels
287:shakti
266:Gandhi
167:Tagore
163:Gandhi
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
2197:Other
2120:Davis
2116:U.S.
2070:Patna
2062:Ghana
1429:Khadi
686:Plays
597:songs
593:Poems
413:Works
302:reply
92:JSTOR
78:books
1117:flag
1000:book
702:Raja
595:and
458:Gora
417:list
377:Life
196:and
176:and
165:and
64:news
2101:UK
1452:) (
40:to
2335::
320:^
150:.
51:.
1769:)
1535:"
1531:"
1528:"
1524:"
1521:"
1517:"
1514:"
1510:"
1458:)
1446:(
1410:)
1403:(
1390:)
1386:(
1380:"
1376:"
1048:e
1041:t
1034:v
419:)
415:(
362:e
355:t
348:v
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
45:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
