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conflict led to the abrupt resignation of a long-time bureaucrat, and NPA commissioners blaming Cowie for staff morale plunging to the lowest ebb they said they'd ever seen. Things improved after council approved the expenditure of $ 11,000 for a management review of the park board, which resulted in a new administrative structure and staff organization. Historian R. Mike Steele wrote that after decades of adversarial relations between the park board and city council, things changed greatly in the two years after the 1972 election. He attributed the greater cooperation to the majority of elected officials from both bodies being "political comrades bent on amending a structure they viewed as unresponsive ... Greater public participation certainly became a feature of park planning."
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changes controlled downtown development. New requirements for early public notice and the creation of the
Development Permit Board abolished secrecy in the development process. The former industrial area of False Creek was transformed into a residential area under direct development by the city itself. The False Creek plan would be an important legacy, as noted by writer Brian Palmquist fifty years later: "TEAM and the mayor, together with planning staff led by director of planning Ray Spaxman, set at least three key precedents in the planning of False Creek South: the housing mix, the parks, and the waterfront walkway
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all its aldermen at large, so this proposal was hardly revolutionary. Partial area representation would mean fewer names on the ballot and district aldermen "would be available to perform the ombudsman function which is so important if we are to counteract the feeling of alienation that exists all over this city". He added that the district aldermen would ensure points of view from all parts of the city would be represented on council, while the at-large aldermen meant a balance would always exist between neighbourhood and city-wide concerns.
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it was vigorously partisan, formed to keep the dreaded socialists out of city hall. An academic-based reform group, The
Electors' Action Movement (TEAM), picked up the pieces and greened Vancouver as the freeway forces were blocked. But TEAM, composed of quiche-eating Volvo drivers who carpooled their children to French immersion courses, didn't have the staying power of the humorless east side angries who have been steadily building their base on council, school board and park board."
439:, described the new council as "the cream of the cream in terms of educational and professional attainment", adding it's likely "that few, if any, other cosmopolitan cities with open elections have ever produced a city council composed so completely of persons of high occupational and social status". He noted that all had university degrees, four were university professors, and on average they were more than a decade younger than the NPA members of the previous council.
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eventually, a rapid transit system; more direct leadership by elected representatives; evening council meetings that more residents can attend; restoration of the committee system that gives each alderman specific responsibilities; new downtown and West End zoning; greater co-operation with the park board in environment matters; a waterfront development study; greater leadership in the
Greater Vancouver Regional District.
211:. At the time, power at City Hall was not in the hands of the elected mayor and aldermen, but in those of two appointed city commissioners. In 1959, one of the commissioners, chief planner Gerald Sutton-Brown, generated a city plan that former TEAM alderman and transportation engineer Setty Pendakur described as "completely automobile and freeway oriented".
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civic candidates, and the elimination of voting privileges for corporations. Calder, who had proposed the council restructuring, quit the Town
Planning Commission, dismissing it as a toothless body used to pasture off defeated NPA candidates. He suggested it should instead be a non-political body transmitting public opinions on planning matters to council.
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battles in the last few years against bulldozers and freeways and shopping centres but they won the hard way. They had to fight city hall. I want people to feel that the city government is there to serve them, not to rule them." TEAM nominated candidates for every position and encouraged electors to vote for its whole slate.
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NPA while
Harcourt would be TEAM's pick for mayor in 1976. Two months later, a few days after Marzari quit TEAM to finish her term as an independent, Phillips announced he would not run in 1976, telling reporters he had accomplished most of what he had set out to do and was ready for a return to private life.
559:... After the Volrich victory, the NPA breathed a sigh of relief and went back to sleep. As an organization, it has virtually no identity – only a title. The Electors' Action Movement has at least held an annual meeting and elected a new panel of officers, maintaining some show of activity."
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The 1978 election included a plebiscite on the institution of a ward system, but the 51.7% vote in favour wasn't considered high enough to move ahead. In 1979, council voted to examine alternatives to the at-large system. Harcourt, seconded by
Marzari, proposed that council pursue a full ward system.
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Land and housing issues dominated TEAM's second mandate. Council approved a property endowment fund that would "maintain or increase the City's ownership of strategic land", support its planning and development objectives, and produce a reasonable return on its property investments. Phillips' housing
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The two were busy. Phillips succeeded in a motion to have the planning department investigate rezoning the 1000 block of Robson Street for a high-rise apartment district with two levels of pedestrian-oriented shopping malls. Hardwick proposed changes to the city charter to allow for elections earlier
214:
While such freeways were being built in major cities throughout North
America at that time, in Vancouver, opposition grew as the plans progressed. By the fourth quarter of 1967, a public hearing on how the route was chosen turned into one of the "wildest, most stormy meetings ever seen at city hall",
618:
In 1988, columnist Denny Boyd characterized TEAM as "the civic party that developed three mayors, Art
Phillips, Jack Volrich and Mike Harcourt, before fracturing and collapsing on itself and vanishing". But besides developing mayors, TEAM made many changes to the city's structure, neighbourhoods and
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In a 1982 column, Alan
Fotheringham described how neither TEAM nor the NPA had been able to stop the rise of the left. "The progress of the left in the city of yachts and skis began a decade ago with the collapse of the real estate shield known as the Non-Partisan Association (NPA), so-named because
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Harcourt also sought TEAM's mayoral nomination, initially saying that if he failed, he would run for alderman. But when
Volrich was chosen, he changed his mind and resigned from the party. A pre-election editorial endorsed Volrich for mayor, noting that while the differences between TEAM and the NPA
512:
In January 1976, Province columnist Nate Smith was pessimistic about TEAM's chances in that fall's election, noting that president Don Bellamy had told a television interviewer that he felt like the "captain of the Titanic". The party's "nebulous document known as 'TEAM policy' is the organization's
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During the year, park board commissioner Boyce left TEAM to join the NPA and Calder joined TEAM. With the election approaching, TEAM chose William C. Gibson as its mayoral candidate and endorsed a full slate for city council, including Calder, Hardwick and Phillips. The sitting school trustees were
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Political opponents criticized the latter as a step backwards to the patronage and cronyism of ward systems past. But Phillips said TEAM had never used the word "ward" and instead was advocating a system of partial area representation. He said Vancouver was the only major city in Canada that elected
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four years as mayor "were pivotal in changing the face of Canada's third largest city, just when it seemed to be headed for pell-mell, American-style development that was ruining so many cities south of the border". May Brown, one of the original TEAM members who represented the party on council for
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On November 19, Volrich became TEAM's second mayor, doubling the votes of NPA's Ed Sweeney. Successful TEAM alderman candidates were May Brown, Marguerite Ford, Bill Gibson and Don Bellamy. Harcourt and Marzari were elected as independents. TEAM took the first six of nine places on the school board
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Phillips was returned to the mayor's chair with a closer vote, receiving 37,220 to his NPA opponent George Puil's 27,686. During the campaign Puil, a long-time park board commissioner, accused TEAM of failing to act on rising crime and vandalism, squandering civic resources, aggravating the housing
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and engineer and planner Setty Pendakur. TEAM would control the school board, with eight of nine trustees, and the park board, with four commissioners to the NPA's three. Pendakur was the first South Asian to be elected alderman, and new school trustee Jack Say Yee was the first Chinese-Canadian to
221:
Bud Elsie. The nearly 500 people who attended, most of whom were opposed to freeways, turned it into a networking opportunity, "and, with their vest pocket diaries in hand, eagerly arranged to meet again for further discussion". Those further discussions led to the formation of a political movement
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The idea of amalgamating the NPA and TEAM caused a ruckus in the TEAM organization. Hardwick, a former alderman and member of TEAM since its founding in 1967, resigned as president because some board members were prepared to endorse Campbell and his NPA slate, The Sun reported. "I don't believe in
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reported that Phillips and Volrich were asked to justify their "direct contradiction of TEAM's housing policy that a variety of housing styles serving a variety of income levels be available in all areas of the city". By the end of the summer, The Sun was suggesting that Phillips might run for the
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Gibson did not defeat the incumbent mayor Tom Campbell, but closed the gap significantly compared with the 1968 result. TEAM's three sitting aldermen were re-elected, this time placing in the top five. TEAM elected three school trustees; a fourth almost made it but an NPA candidate eventually took
368:
Candidates for city council said they were united by "a common concern for the quality of life in Vancouver" and cited as accomplishments the halt to the downtown freeway and progress toward development of False Creek. Park board candidates promised a complete review of the operations of the Park
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story described Brown as "excited by the whole new mood and people wanting to get together the way they did in 1968". It noted that TEAM president Walter Hardwick believed polarized politics were taking precedence over solving urgent civic issues and that "ideology is clearly interfering with the
546:
TEAM fielded a full slate in the 1978 election, with May Brown as the mayoral hopeful. She was defeated by Volrich who, running as an independent, received a greater percentage of the vote than he had in 1976. Ford won the sole council seat for TEAM, which elected only two school trustees and two
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noted that it had been five years since TEAM was formed to combat what sponsors felt was aimless civic leadership. "TEAM's drive for power is over; now the work begins." The new council's priorities were listed as: "More consultation with the people of Vancouver on policy; better bus service and,
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There were bumps along the way. Council overruled the recommendations of Hardwick's committee on the topic of underground shopping malls, which the committee opposed for the damage they do to ground-level street life. A couple of weeks later, at its annual meeting, TEAM voted to make it official
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During this period, TEAM raised many questions about the way the city and the electoral system ran. It proposed a larger council with an executive group chosen from its ranks that would take full-time responsibility for governing; evening meetings so more citizens could attend; cash deposits for
410:
Lisa Hobbs wrote: "Being in charge is not only something Phillips is good at but is something he revels in. No trace of a hang-up, philosophical or psychological, mitigates his delight in being boss." In accepting TEAM's mayoral nomination in October, Phillips said, "Citizen action won some big
270:
Within a month of the founding meeting, about 150 people met at the Waldorf Hotel to set up committees dealing with all aspects of civic life. There were four subcommittees and a special research committee, operating under an over-all policy committee headed by Oberlander and Farris. Oberlander
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During its first term the TEAM council implemented much of its policy platform. The freeway proposal was finally killed. Neighbourhood participation in local area planning was encouraged. Granville Mall was planned and completed. A bylaw phased out advertising billboards. Zoning and procedural
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At the park board, Cowie was seeking some control over the finances for parks and recreation and complaining that "the new TEAM council is no more receptive to park board matters than the old NPA council". The elected board should do more than rubber-stamp staff proposals, he said. The ensuing
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However, the NPA's subsequent behaviour on council opened opportunities for TEAM. When three NPA aldermen did not attend a public meeting where citizens presented briefs in favour of parks for people, not cars, the TEAM–COPE bloc reversed an earlier council decision to proceed with plans for a
566:
Post-election analyses of TEAM's weaknesses helped explain its fall: the discouraging perception that it was washed up; the view that it was too conservative and its members had become complacent; the defections of Marzari, Harcourt and Volrich. Brown, who regained her council seat, said the
516:
Phillips did not attend TEAM's annual general meeting in February. There, Harcourt warned that he'd find it difficult to support the party unless it restored itself as a grassroots movement, and he lamented the loss of TEAM's former energy and excitement and some of its community organizers.
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The big issue of 1982 was another ward system plebiscite, which was approved by nearly 57 percent of voters. TEAM did not propose a mayoral candidate, but its two incumbent aldermen, Brown and Ford, ran and were elected, Brown placing a close second to poll-topper Harry Rankin of COPE.
490:, it approved the demolition of city-owned houses to create waterfront parks despite arguments that the homes should be retained because of the housing shortage. "Mayor Art Phillips who supported the demolitions said the city would probably always have a housing crisis in the future",
479:
priorities were to set policy on secondary suites to maintain quality of neighbourhoods and provide lower-priced rentals while helping families gain equity in their homes, "enough to make living in Vancouver affordable again". He also wanted the city to initiate more seniors' housing.
520:
In May, Volrich announced he would run for mayor, with or without TEAM's endorsement. "Volrich said some crucial questions must be faced in the city: How large a population, how much housing and what degree density, how much additional office and commercial space should be allowed."
597:, then an alderman, announced his candidacy for mayor and had the support of TEAM's May Brown. In the fourth quarter of 1986, a retirement party was held for Brown, who was "leaving politics without regret" after eight years on council, four on park board, and a 1978 mayoral run.
501:. Phillips and Volrich voted with the NPA against it. Marzari, who was a proponent, said she was sad to belong to a reform party that was unaccountable to its members. It was "irrevocably split" on the issue, she said, but she was glad the split "had finally come into the open".
385:
Campbell began his third term by placing himself and his six NPA aldermen in ten choice appointments to committees and boards. Hardwick said TEAM had tried to avoid an opposition role on council "but Campbell has obviously decided to run the body on partisan political lines".
454:, who had been the strongest proponent of the freeway system. "Sutton Brown's departure stood as a powerful symbol of regime change in the local state. Citizen involvement in planning, a focus on regional planning, and an effort to accommodate downtown living became norms."
345:
and lack of development in False Creek as "glaring examples of stupid management policies". Hardwick promoted False Creek as a major residential, recreational and service area in the future, complaining that "some aldermen can't see anything in False Creek except industry".
475:
crisis, making Vancouver a haven for welfare bums and promoting permissiveness in schools. Five TEAM aldermen were elected: Harcourt, Bowers, Volrich, Marzari and Cowie. TEAM elected six school trustees and five park board commissioners, retaining control of both bodies.
402:
In announcing his candidacy for mayor in the 1972 election, Phillips "said the first priority of his administration would be to make 'livability' the top planning objective in Vancouver. He said the practice of seeking development for development's sake has got to end."
601:
columnist Pete McMartin noted, "Her absence from Vancouver civic politics will leave a very big gap to be filled. It may mean the end – in name, anyway, of TEAM and its eventual amalgamation into the remade NPA under Gordon Campbell."
350:
in the autumn, and for ballots to include candidates' names in non-alphabetical order, along with political affiliations. With NPA alderman Brian Calder, who often voted with them, they did a helicopter tour of the city to check out air pollution.
609:
Ford was the only TEAM candidate in the November 1986 election; she ended in eleventh place. Campbell easily defeated Rankin and was elected mayor with seven NPA aldermen. COPE lost eight of its nine seats to the NPA, which swept the park board.
567:
perception of TEAM could not be good or more people would have voted for Zlotnik. "'There is a big rebuilding job to come,' she said. Brown agreed that a resurrection of TEAM would take a lot of work and there would be no guarantee of success."
394:
story described how Phillips spent his time in the mayor's office "priming an engine that had practically ceased to function. Phillips brought action on urban renewal, Jericho land proposals and scores of minor matters during his brief tenure."
390:
six-lane road through what would become Jericho park. Campbell himself was frequently absent, and the structure and functioning of council itself came under question. All three TEAM aldermen filled in for Campbell when he was away, and a
261:
TEAM sought to be a moderate reform group committed to democratic principles, appealing to people of all political leanings. Its candidates would be tied to policies determined by the general membership. In contrast, the ruling
229:
Community Centre on March 12, 1968. The founding president was Phillips, the head of a successful Vancouver investment firm; first and second vice-presidents were broadcasting executive Bill Bellman and labour leader
562:
In the 1980 election, Harcourt edged out Volrich, and TEAM's Martin Zlotnik came a distant third in the mayoral race. Brown and Ford were elected to council. No TEAM candidates were elected to school or park board.
554:
By the end of 1979, the press was speculating on a third term for Volrich and commenting on the state of the civic parties. "It shouldn't be forgotten that the NPA group rode on Volrich's coat-tails in the 1978
266:
endorsed individuals, but not policies. Oberlander described TEAM as the first civic party to run on a platform and with a caucus on council, school board and park board that could coordinate coherent policy.
274:
In August 1968, TEAM released its procedure on selection of candidates. Instead of candidates being appointed by the executive board, every eligible nomination would be voted on by the entire membership.
581:
Early in 1986, COPE's success in a byelection galvanized TEAM into action. Concerned about the prospect of a COPE-dominated council with Rankin at the helm, the party was making plans for a post-
419:
On December 13, voters preferred Phillips as mayor by a factor of nearly six to one. TEAM elected eight aldermen to the ten-seat council, with Hardwick topping the polls. The others were lawyer
525:
seem inconsequential, given TEAM's move to the right, TEAM "is more likely to continue the trend to more human proportions in city development", noting its innovations such as Granville Mall,
703:
Park remains in a mostly natural state without a six-lane road bisecting it. The TEAM park board established a citizen's planning advisory committee for Jericho Beach Park in 1973.
369:
Board and greater control of pollution. School board candidates pledged to promote students' choice in schools and programs, and greater autonomy for students as they aged.
632:
The development approvals process was initiated, including providing citizens with early information (development application notice boards) and an opportunity for input.
334:
wrote that Hardwick, "while pleased about his own win, said the people were 'obviously not ready' for the TEAM concept. 'It is an organization 40 years ahead of its time.
450:
Control of business at city hall meant a shake-up of the established bureaucracy, and TEAM Council's first move was to encourage the resignation of city commissioner
253:
In less than five years' time, TEAM would be in a position to shift the power balance at City Hall and implement the policies for which the electors had voted.
2199:
1473:
1985:
2194:
2184:
238:
history of medicine professor W. C. Gibson; Citizens' Housing Council president Alice Moore; head of UBC's department of community and regional planning;
341:
In their first year on council, Phillips and Hardwick were vocal about the need for change. At a TEAM meeting, Phillips cited the lease of land to the
2209:
2179:
326:, Oberlander topped the polls, while Fritz Bowers and Peter Bullen also won seats. Helen Boyce was elected to the park board. In the aftermath, a
2204:
497:
In June 1975, there was a serious rift on TEAM over a proposed co-op that would have doubled the zoned density on a single-family block near
184:
Retrospective accounts of TEAM have painted it as distinctly shifting civic governance in Vancouver when it gained power. Rod Mickleburgh of
2143:
282:
creation of a Vancouver Development Authority to plan growth in the city core and particularly False Creek and the downtown waterfront
278:
In September, there was a general membership meeting to present, discuss and vote on the policies TEAM would promote. These included:
1978:
1994:
1314:
578:
In 1984, Brown and Ford again held their council seats. Two TEAM candidates for park board and one for school board were defeated.
361:(COPE), criticized the news media for "playing down news on city political organizations other than the one they supported, TEAM".
142:
357:
columnist Lorne Parton wrote that their record "has given the movement respectability and credibility". And the left-leaning
222:
that in just nine months would develop policies and attract candidates to run for every position in the next civic election.
1474:
https://www.straight.com/news/brian-palmquist-will-vancouver-make-right-planning-choices-to-preserve-its-spectacular-natural
742:
The city was made more accessible thanks to by-laws mandating curb cuts, ramps, handicap washrooms, and auditory crosswalks.
626:
TEAM made civic government more accessible to residents by changing the time of meetings and welcoming delegations to speak.
1971:
629:
Vancouver's Property Endowment Fund was created to keep city land in city hands, preventing it from being sold for revenue.
2189:
717:
were saved from destruction by the freeway that would also have blocked the Burrard Inlet waterfront from public access.
482:
But housing was always controversial. Council gave final approval for the residential development on the south shore of
315:
294:
a mayoral executive committee to oversee city management and "give the government back to the elected representatives".
2081:
635:
The Heritage Advisory Board (now Heritage Commission) was created to catalog and retain historic buildings and areas.
358:
1510:
235:
2117:
2107:
86:
169:, British Columbia, Canada. It fielded candidates for the office of mayor as well as for positions on the
1931:
Geller, Michael. "Vancouver's once controversial False Creek South community now a model of innovation"
342:
330:
analysis suggested TEAM had made a tactical error in choosing an outsider as its mayoral candidate. And
1468:
Palmquist, Brian. "Will Vancouver make the right planning choices to preserve its spectacular views?"
684:
551:
The motion was defeated by Volrich and the NPA majority, along with Ford, who thought it too vague.
285:
outside of the downtown core, planned commercial and residential districts, each with its own "core"
181:. It was most successful in the 1970s when it held the majority of council seats from 1972 to 1976.
2112:
2075:
2050:
2016:
263:
104:
669:
Zoning was made for flexible to allow for residential buildings in the downtown commercial core.
2061:
2002:
323:
319:
226:
174:
170:
779:
Ley, David (June 1980). Hudson, John C (ed.). "Liberal Ideology and the Postindustrial City".
710:
137:
271:
stated, "We want to involve the maximum number of people in the evolution of our policies."
2033:
1963:
731:
714:
208:
178:
720:
Vancouver's first bicycle path was opened in 1974: a 7.8-kilometre (4.8 mi) trail in
8:
2138:
694:
651:
639:
513:
problem, because at the moment TEAM really has no idea what it stands for", Smith wrote.
451:
207:
The catalyst for the creation of TEAM was a proposal to build a freeway through historic
147:
2148:
792:
406:
As the election approached, Phillips' star was in the ascendant. In an August profile,
186:
114:
666:
is considered one of the most attractive and livable waterfront communities in Canada.
165:) was a centrist political party from 1968 to the mid-1980s at the municipal level in
2090:
2022:
796:
647:
2122:
788:
672:
662:
The planned medium-density neighbourhood on the formerly industrial south shore of
297:
an expanded city council with some aldermen elected at large and others by district
239:
231:
594:
428:
424:
243:
1892:
Boyd, Denny. "Righteous white horses could gallop on B.C.'s political horizon"
318:, who received fifty percent more votes. Hardwick and Phillips took two of ten
288:
a "parks for people" program aimed at securing park land for future generations
247:
99:
1511:"Vancouver (B.C.). Property Endowment Fund Board - City of Vancouver Archives"
944:
427:, lawyer Jack Volrich, engineer Fritz Bowers, social worker/community planner
2173:
2158:
2069:
2041:
2010:
994:"People working together for a better Vancouver" TEAM campaign brochure, 1968
800:
700:
435:
UBC political scientist Paul Tennant, writing on Vancouver civic politics in
420:
721:
217:
191:
43:
38:
706:
The Britannia Community Centre and West End Community Centre were created.
697:
was saved from demolition and acquired and refurbished as a civic theatre.
663:
483:
365:
nominated along with six others, and there was a full park board slate.
234:. Also on the founding executive committee were hotelier Frank Bernard;
322:
seats, with Phillips moving up from eleventh spot after a recount. For
1867:
Krangle, Karenn. "TEAM president quits in row over alliance with NPA"
1739:
MacKay, Cliff. "Will Volrich try for a third term? A firm 'probably'"
690:
Land was acquired to complete public ownership of Langara Golf Course.
1803:
Fotheringham, Alan. "Lotusland voters may have given NDP a new star"
1446:
Vancouver: Vancouver Board of Parks and Recreation, 1988. pp. 175–176
1274:
Hobbs, Lisa. "The man who has everything would like one little gift"
643:
487:
379:
166:
94:
79:
1327:
Sarti, Bob. "Chinese city office-holder finds life in both worlds"
199:
in 1999 that "TEAM radically altered the face of city government".
119:
813:
Mickleburgh, Rod. "Visionary mayor Art Phillips remade Vancouver"
538:
and kept its majority on park board, electing four commissioners.
678:
582:
526:
486:
against the wishes of those who wanted the area for parkland. In
311:
1957:
Vancouver: Vancouver Board of Parks and Recreation, 1988. p. 263
1560:"Battle to save city-owned homes fails after aldermen's debate"
856:
BC Transportation Development Agency, Vancouver, BC 1972; p. 13.
305:
372:
225:
TEAM came into being at a public meeting held at Vancouver's
1993:
1573:
Glover, Randy. "Co-op housing defeat has alderman in tears"
1828:
Tytherleigh, Mike. "Wanted: more people of calibre to run"
1726:
Lindsay, Judy. "City council spurns switch to ward system"
442:
Following Phillip's swearing-in as Vancouver's 32nd mayor,
246:; businessman Charles Jordan-Knox; lawyer Haig Farris; and
1547:"Mayor accused of railroading False Creek housing plans"
498:
353:
By early 1970, Phillips and Hardwick had made an impact.
1778:
Bocking, Mike. "Wards: 76-name ballot highlights issue"
1455:
Tennant, Paul. "Vancouver Civic Politics, 1929 to 1980"
1340:
Tennant, Paul. "Vancouver Civic Politics, 1929 to 1980"
930:"Wife, Professor, Indian Tell Why They're Joining TEAM"
878:
Tennant, Paul. "Vancouver Civic Politics, 1929 to 1980"
839:
Tennant, Paul. "Vancouver Civic Politics, 1929 to 1980"
606:
coalitions and alliances", was the quote from Hardwick.
1379:
Coffin, Alex. "Hardwick takes on the role of Jeremiah"
1183:
Bannerman, Gary. "Campbell attacked over council jobs"
1534:
Smith, Nate. "Financial crunch for city, mayor warns"
1248:
Leiren, Hall. "Calder quits town planning commission"
1196:
Hrushowy, Pat. "Scenic drive through Jericho stalled"
745:
The 9-1-1 emergency telephone service was established.
16:
Defunct municipal political party in Vancouver, Canada
917:
Strand, Alf. "New Deal Civic Party Christened TEAM",
908:. J.J. Douglas Ltd., North Vancouver, BC 1976; p. 15.
458:
party policy to ban more downtown underground malls.
1752:
Hossie, Linda. "TEAM faces resurrection or requiem"
1625:
Smith, Nate. "Confusing countdown to city election"
1315:"Dr. Setty Pendakur · South Asian Canadian Heritage"
291:
greater involvement in regional municipal government
1599:Leiren, Hall. "Mayor Art the ideal NPA candidate?"
1417:Oberfeld, Harvey. "Fight looms over park policies"
781:Annals of the Association of American Geographers
2171:
1955:The First 100 Years - An Illustrated Celebration
1651:"Marguerite Ford elected to lead TEAM campaign"
1612:"Phillips won't run in '76, wants private life"
1444:The First 100 Years – An Illustrated Celebration
1222:Bannerman, Gary. "Council making some progress"
1158:"Candidates tell you why you should elect them"
1145:"Candidates tell you why you should elect them"
968:Strand, Alf. "Policy Committee Formed by TEAM",
955:Strand, Alf. "Policy Committee Formed by TEAM",
943:"Interview with Dr. Peter Oberlander" 2005 July
1841:Krangle, Karenn. "Friends laud Alderman Brown"
541:
1854:McMartin, Pete. "Time for a fifth profession"
1586:"Phillips, Volrich face criticism on housing"
2200:Political parties disestablished in the 1980s
1979:
1261:Bannerman, Gary. "Phillips to run for mayor"
306:First civic election: limited success in 1968
865:Elsie, Bud. "Freeway meeting raises rumpus"
619:operations that continue to shape it today.
2195:Municipal green political parties in Canada
2185:1980s disestablishments in British Columbia
945:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15y1gdbuzeE
748:A sign by-law largely abolished billboards.
727:Mini-parks were introduced in the West End.
529:and the False Creek mixed housing program.
2144:Neighbourhoods for a Sustainable Vancouver
1986:
1972:
1905:Johnson, Pat. "TEAM spirit saved the NPA"
1765:"TEAM members vow to rebuild their party"
1638:"Leader of the TEAM skips annual meeting"
1353:"An end – and a beginning"
373:1970: Same number of seats but other gains
1664:"Volrich throws hat into ring for mayor"
532:
432:be elected to civic office in Vancouver.
2210:Municipal political parties in Vancouver
1995:Municipal political parties in Vancouver
469:
314:mayor Alan Emmott lost to NPA incumbent
256:
2180:1968 establishments in British Columbia
1366:Langford, Will. "Is Sutton Brown God?"
638:Local area planning was established in
2172:
1677:"Harcourt's keeping his options open"
1484:"Preserve, upgrade environment… Puil"
1392:"TEAM votes to ban underground malls"
1287:Hrushowy, Pat. "Phillips TEAM choice"
1094:"3 Aldermen to Inspect Air Pollution"
826:Johnson, Pat. "TEAM spirit saved NPA"
423:, physician William Gibson, architect
2205:Political parties established in 1968
1967:
658:Neighbourhoods, parks and buildings:
593:Phillips' former executive assistant
1068:"Tax-Free Track, Land Policies Hit"
1055:"Tax-Free Track, Land Policies Hit"
622:Among the innovations at city hall:
504:There was dismay in the TEAM ranks.
1120:"News Suppressed, Labor Body Told"
1042:"Civic Vote Turns Up 10 New Faces"
891:"TEAM Picks 'New-Face' Candidates"
778:
730:Land for the 42-hectare (105-acre)
195:ten years, told Pat Johnson of the
13:
1029:Arnason, Al. "Tom's Foes Blew It"
793:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1980.tb01310.x
590:advancement of public interest.'"
414:
14:
2221:
2082:Coalition of Progressive Electors
1944:Interview with Art Phillips, 2005
359:Committee of Progressive Electors
1947:
1938:
1925:
1912:
1899:
1886:
1874:
1861:
1848:
1835:
1822:
1810:
1797:
1785:
1772:
1759:
1746:
1733:
1720:
1708:
1696:
1684:
1671:
1658:
1645:
1632:
1619:
1606:
1593:
1580:
1567:
1554:
1541:
1528:
1503:
1491:
1478:
1462:
1459:No. 46, Summer 1980, pp. 19–20.
1449:
1436:
1424:
1411:
1399:
1386:
1373:
1370:No. 173, Spring 2012 pp. 37–38.
1360:
1347:
1334:
1321:
1307:
1300:"Landslide by TEAM buries NPA"
1294:
1281:
1268:
1255:
1242:
1229:
1216:
1203:
1190:
1177:
1165:
1152:
1139:
1127:
1114:
1101:
1088:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1036:
1023:
1010:
997:
988:
975:
962:
949:
937:
924:
911:
904:Davis, Chuck (General Editor).
898:
854:Cities, Citizens & Freeways
709:The historic neighbourhoods of
382:was elected to the park board.
310:Running under the TEAM banner,
1500:. November 22, 1974, pp. 9–10.
1081:"Robsonstrasse to be rezoned"
981:"All TEAM Members Pick Slate"
885:
872:
859:
846:
833:
820:
807:
772:
759:
681:was preserved and revitalized.
1:
2154:The Electors' Action Movement
1235:"TEAM wants council changes"
1016:"TEAM clarifies ward system"
752:
159:The Electors' Action Movement
68:
26:The Electors' Action Movement
2118:TEAM for a Livable Vancouver
1681:. September 23, 1976, p. 14.
1072:. September 24, 1969, p. 26.
1059:. September 24, 1969, p. 26.
1003:"TEAM shapes a platform..."
738:Other amenities introduced:
542:1978 to 1984: Ebbing support
250:councillor Donald Lanskail.
7:
1871:. September 18, 1986, p. 1.
1782:. November 17, 1982, p. 21.
1642:. February 26, 1976, p. 37.
1515:searcharchives.vancouver.ca
1488:. November 18, 1974, p. 29.
1344:No. 46, Summer 1980, p. 18.
1209:"Well, let's do something"
1046:. December 12, 1968, p. 24.
882:No. 46, Summer 1980, p. 14.
869:. November 24, 1967, p. 29.
843:No. 46, Summer 1980, p. 12.
765:"An end - and a beginning"
613:
343:Pacific National Exhibition
202:
10:
2226:
2190:Centrist parties in Canada
1845:. November 6, 1986, p. 24.
1832:. February 14, 1986, p. 6.
1769:. November 17, 1980, p. 16
1756:. December 12, 1980, p. 5.
1743:. December 28, 1979, p. 5.
1705:.November 19, 1976, p. 39.
1693:. November 12, 1976, p. 4.
1655:. February 26, 1976, p. 8.
1304:. December 14, 1972, p. 1.
1174:. December 10, 1970, p. 1.
1136:. October 29, 1970, p. 23.
1033:. December 13, 1968, p. 1.
1007:. September 7, 1968, p. 4.
675:was acquired and designed.
547:park board commissioners.
242:; UBC geography professor
190:wrote in 2013 that TEAM's
2131:
2100:
2060:
2032:
2001:
1896:. December 1, 1988, p. 3.
1794:. November 22, 1982, p. 8
1717:November 16, 1978, p. 14.
1629:. January 23, 1976, p. 5.
1616:. October 30, 1975, p. 1.
1603:. August 30, 1975, p. 20.
1538:. January 9, 1975, p. 11.
1265:. January 5, 1972, p. 12.
1252:. November 5, 1971, p. 2.
1187:. January 20, 1971, p. 1.
1162:. December 7, 1970, p. 18
1149:. December 7, 1970, p. 19
1124:. February 4, 1970, p. 3.
1111:. January 6, 1970, p. 25.
1085:. October 6, 1969, p. 29.
985:. August 14, 1968, p. 34.
934:. October 30, 1968, p. 4.
852:Pendakur, Dr. V. Setty.
830:, November 14, 1999, p. 4
133:
125:
113:
85:
75:
64:
49:
37:
32:
23:
2113:Non-Partisan Association
1883:November 17, 1986, p. 7.
1819:. November 6, 1984, p. 6
1807:November 23, 1982, p. 7.
1730:February 13, 1980, p. 13
1408:. March 16, 1973, p. 25.
1396:. March 22, 1973, p. 37.
1357:. January 5, 1973, p. 4.
1278:. August 22, 1972, p. 6.
1098:. April 29, 1969, p. 16.
1020:. October 2, 1968, p. 4.
895:October 30, 1968, p. 35.
264:Non-Partisan Association
1909:November 14, 1999, p. 1
1858:. August 5, 1986, p. 9.
1564:. February 26, 1975, p.
1551:. February 26, 1975, p.
1383:. March 10, 1973, p. 6.
1331:January 27, 1973, p. 15
1291:. October 5, 1972, p 1.
1226:. April 27, 1971, p. 5.
1213:. April 17, 1971, p. 4.
1200:. March 24, 1971, p. 1.
972:. April 5, 1968, p. 25.
959:. April 5, 1968, p. 25.
921:. March 13, 1968, p. 3.
115:Political position
105:Participatory democracy
33:Defunct municipal party
1922:. March 2, 1974, p. 26
1590:. June 26, 1975, p. 6.
1433:. March 1, 1973, p. 14
1421:. April 9, 1973, p. 2.
533:1976: Minority council
1907:The Vancouver Courier
1239:. May 1, 1971, p. 13.
828:The Vancouver Courier
470:1974: Second majority
257:Policies and platform
138:Politics of Vancouver
2101:Other active parties
1577:June 20, 1975, p. 31
1470:The Georgia Straight
815:The Globe & Mail
769:January 5, 1973, p.4
732:Everett Crowley Park
650:, Killarney and the
2139:Coalition Vancouver
1668:May 21, 1976, p. 26
452:Gerald Sutton-Brown
408:The Vancouver Sun's
2149:Progress Vancouver
1805:The Calgary Herald
1715:The Victoria Times
1666:The Vancouver Sun
906:The Vancouver Book
187:The Globe and Mail
2167:
2166:
1953:Steele, R. Mike
1935:February 10, 2020
1920:The Vancouver Sun
1918:"Civic Meetings"
1894:The Vancouver Sun
1881:The Vancouver Sun
1869:The Vancouver Sun
1856:The Vancouver Sun
1843:The Vancouver Sun
1817:The Vancouver Sun
1792:The Vancouver Sun
1780:The Vancouver Sun
1767:The Vancouver Sun
1754:The Vancouver Sun
1741:The Vancouver Sun
1728:The Vancouver Sun
1640:The Vancouver Sun
1601:The Vancouver Sun
1588:The Vancouver Sun
1575:The Vancouver Sun
1562:The Vancouver Sun
1549:The Vancouver Sun
1442:Steele, R. Mike.
1419:The Vancouver Sun
1394:The Vancouver Sun
1329:The Vancouver Sun
1302:The Vancouver Sun
1276:The Vancouver Sun
1250:The Vancouver Sun
1185:The Vancouver Sun
1172:The Vancouver Sun
1160:The Vancouver Sun
1147:The Vancouver Sun
1134:The Vancouver Sun
1122:The Vancouver Sun
1096:The Vancouver Sun
1070:The Vancouver Sun
1057:The Vancouver Sun
1044:The Vancouver Sun
970:The Vancouver Sun
957:The Vancouver Sun
932:The Vancouver Sun
919:The Vancouver Sun
893:The Vancouver Sun
648:Champlain Heights
332:The Vancouver Sun
197:Vancouver Courier
156:
155:
143:Political parties
2217:
2123:Vision Vancouver
2108:Forward Together
1988:
1981:
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240:Peter Oberlander
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2047:Independent (3)
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429:Darlene Marzari
425:Geoffrey Massey
417:
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687:was created.
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316:Tom Campbell
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76:Headquarters
44:Art Phillips
18:
1933:The Courier
664:False Creek
484:False Creek
2174:Categories
2034:Park board
1457:BC Studies
1368:BC Studies
1342:BC Studies
880:BC Studies
841:BC Studies
787:(2): 239.
753:References
711:Strathcona
585:future. A
494:reported.
437:BC Studies
378:the spot.
179:Park Board
801:2469-4452
715:Chinatown
644:Kitsilano
488:Kitsilano
380:Art Cowie
232:Ed Lawson
227:Grandview
209:Chinatown
167:Vancouver
148:Elections
95:Reformism
80:Vancouver
65:Dissolved
652:West End
640:Fairview
614:Legacies
587:Province
555:election
392:Province
355:Province
328:Province
203:Creation
87:Ideology
2132:Defunct
2091:OneCity
2023:OneCity
679:Gastown
583:Expo 86
527:Gastown
506:The Sun
492:The Sun
320:council
312:Burnaby
126:Colours
55: (
50:Founded
1520:May 6,
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215:wrote
177:, and
120:Centre
39:Leader
2076:Green
2051:Green
2017:Green
336:'
1522:2021
797:ISSN
713:and
163:TEAM
129:Pink
71:1986
57:1968
53:1968
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2053:(1)
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2025:(1)
2019:(2)
2013:(8)
789:doi
499:UBC
236:UBC
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161:(
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