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far higher than any other party, but fell to 39% post-merger in 2007 since the large majority of WASG members were male. Nonetheless, the party had the highest representation of women in its membership until it was overtaken by the Greens in 2012. In 2021, 37% of Left members were female, compared to 42% for the Greens and 33% for the SPD. After the 2009 election, the party's
Bundestag group was 52.6% female, second only to the Greens (57.4%). In 2013, this increased slightly to 54.7%, which was the highest of any group. After both the 2017 and 2021 federal elections, The Left's group was 54% female, second to the Greens (58%).
11453:
9917:
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489:
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come from the
Eastern states and one from the west, though this is not an official rule. The PEC is elected by a regular party congress, which also discusses and determines the party platform and rules on basic political and organisational matters. The leadership group of the party's Bundestag faction is considered a second centre of power within the party, and conflicts sometimes arise between the federal leadership and parliamentary group. This most prominently happened in 2015, which resulted in Bundestag co-leaders
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1398:. The federal CDU/CSUâFDP government invited the SPD and Greens to agree on an all-party consensus candidate; The Left was excluded. Those invited eventually agreed to support Joachim Gauck. The Left again refused to support him. SPD chair Sigmar Gabriel once again criticized the party, claiming they harboured "sympathy for the German Democratic Republic." The Left put forward
5416:. It is critical of the reform-oriented wings and positions of the party and is often sympathetic to the GDR. As of 2021, the faction is only partly recognised within the party. The BfV classified the group as "orthodox communist" and extremist in its 2018 report, and reported that it had 400 members. The Marxist Forum did not appear in the BfV's 2020 report.
1753:, who declined to run again and quit the party shortly before the election. Further, reports of sexism and abuse arose within the Hesse branch, including claims that implicated Janine Wissler. In April, Susanne Hennig-Wellsow resigned as co-leader, citing the party's recent troubles and desire to spend more time with family. Further losses came in the
5757:
Bavaria, Hesse, and Lower Saxony considered The Left in its entirety to be extremist. In the five eastern states, The Left is not under surveillance, as state constitutional authorities see no indication of anti-constitutional tendencies in the bulk of the party; however, the
Communist Platform is under observation in three eastern states.
1239:, the Left.PDS easily passed the electoral threshold, winning 8.7% of the vote and 53 seats. It became the fourth largest party in the Bundestag. The result of the election was inconclusive; between the SPD, Greens, and Left.PDS, left-wing parties held a majority, but the SPD was unwilling to cooperate with the Left.PDS. The result was a
5646:. Between 2016 and 2018, 72% of new party members were from the western states, 15% from the east, and 13% from Berlin. During this period, the party's membership total in the west exceeded that of the east for the first time. As of 2021, 50% of The Left's members are from the west, 37% from the east, and 13% from Berlin.
5609:
Since the mid-2010s, the party has gained significant popularity among youth. Prior to the merger, PDS had by far the highest proportion of members over 60 years of any party, at 68%, and the lowest proportion of members under 30, at just 4%. By 2021, these numbers had fallen and risen, respectively,
1642:
In August 2020, Kipping and
Riexinger announced they would step down as co-chairs in accordance with party regulations stating that no position should be held by the same person for more than eight years. A party congress was scheduled on 30 October to 1 November 2020, but was cancelled on 27 October
3500:
progression, which would reduce the tax burden for lower incomes, while raising the middle- and top-income tax rates. The combating of tax loopholes is a perennial issue, as The Left believes that they primarily benefit people with high incomes. The party aims for the financial markets to be subject
696:
it won 5.1% of votes, enough to win seats outright without relying on direct constituencies as it had in 1994. By the 2000s, it was the second-largest party in every eastern state legislature except
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Despite electoral successes, the PDS faced internal strife due to ideological
5756:
report commented that in practice the parliamentary party appears as to act as a "reform-oriented" left force. In the past, The Left was under observation by all western German states. In
January 2008, Saarland became the first to cease observation. As of 2008, the authorities of Baden-WĂŒrttemberg,
5163:
The Left is noted for having an unusually strong and formalised system of internal factions, which are outlined in the party statutes. Factions with sufficiently large membership are entitled to send delegates to party congresses. The party is traditionally split between reformist factions, such as
3549:
system including Russia as a member country. They believe that German foreign policy should be strictly confined to the goals of civil diplomacy and cooperation, instead of confrontation, though they also believe that such demands are more of a vision, are not to be implemented as soon as possible,
1788:
During a
Bundestag speech in September, Wagenknecht attacked the federal government for launching what she called "an unprecedented economic war against our most important energy supplier," and called for the end of sanctions against Russia. The speech was boycotted by half The Left's deputies, and
1213:
Polls early in the summer showed the unified Left list winning as much as 12 percent of the vote, and for a time it seemed possible the party would surge past the Greens and FDP and become the third-largest party in the
Bundestag. During the campaign, the party was subject to frequent criticism. At
5874:
and Tilman Mayer. Florian
Hartleb states that the party is "social-populist". According to Frank Decker, the party during the leadership of Oskar Lafontaine could be described as left-wing populist. In 2011, Bundestag deputy and later party co-leader Katja Kipping stated that she believed The Left
5680:
requires that at least half of the party's ruling bodies and representatives should be female. In 2021, the party elected two women, Janine
Wissler and Susanne Hennig-Wellsow, as federal co-chairs for the first time. Female membership in the PDS was stable at around 45% during the 1990s and 2000s,
5613:
The PDS inherited 170,000 members from the SED in 1990, but suffered constant decline from that point until the merger with WASG. Upon its formation, The Left had 71,000 members, of which 11,500 had been WASG members. Over the next two years the party grew, reaching a peak of 78,000 in 2009, after
3747:
and Lafontaine between 2005 and 2009, and solely by Gysi thereafter. After his retirement in 2015, however, the dual chairmanship was reintroduced. The executive committee originally comprised 44 members, but was reduced to 26 at the 2022 party congress. The number of deputy leaders was originally
3718:
The party is formally led by a 26-member Party Executive Committee (PEC), of which seven are members of the party's leadership, the executive board. This includes two federal co-chairpersons, of which at least one is required by statute to be female. Convention also dictates that one leader should
1332:
on 27 September 2009 saw The Left's vote surge to 11.9%, increasing its representation in the Bundestag from 54 to 76 seats, just under half as large as the SPD's parliamentary group. It became the second most popular party in the eastern states with 28.5%, while experiencing a breakthrough in the
675:
Seeking to change its image, the party expelled most of its former leadership, including Honecker and Krenz; the new government negotiated with opposition groups and arranged free elections. By the time of a special congress in mid-December, the SED was no longer a Marxist-Leninist party. It added
13235:
Rooduijn, Matthijs, Andrea L.P. Pirro, Daphne Halikiopoulou, Caterina Froio, Stijn van Kessel, Sarah L. de Lange, Cas Mudde, and Paul Taggart (2023). The PopuList: A Database of Populist, Far-Left, and Far-Right Parties Using Expert-Informed Qualitative Comparative Classification (EiQCC). British
5212:
A current founded in 2006 which seeks to strengthen the party's anti-capitalist profile. The AKL describe themselves as "movement-oriented" and seek cooperation with extra-parliamentary parties and left-wing movements. They are aligned with the orthodox left-wing of The Left, and believe that the
1175:
WASG continued to gain members, prompting the PDS leadership to propose an alliance between the two parties. With the established eastern base of the PDS and WASG's potential for growth in the west, the parties hoped to enter the Bundestag together. They agreed to form an electoral pact, in which
5862:
states that the party is well-integrated within the constitutional order, and "has actually rendered considerable services to German democracy" through the integration of East German protest movement into the parliamentary system. Nonetheless, he criticises the party's continued association with
3751:
The Left is noted for having an unusually strong and formalised system of internal factions, which are outlined in the party statutes. Factions with sufficiently large membership are entitled to send delegates to party congresses. In addition, there are around 40 working groups within the party.
1390:
described The Left's position as "bizarre and embarrassing," stating that he was shocked that they would declare Joachim Gauck their enemy due to his investigation of GDR injustice. The SPD and Greens expected the Left to support Gauck in the decisive third round of the election; however, after
5849:
states that they make up less than ten percent of the party membership â 5,000 of 62,000 members according to the BfV â and compete for resources among themselves, and there is little risk of these groups becoming dominant and exerting major influence over the party's leadership and platform.
5436:. It is closely associated with the Democratic Socialist Forum, which was formed around the same time. The Reform Left Network strongly supports involvement in coalition governments with the SPD and Greens. It includes a number of prominent Left politicians, including Bundestag Vice-President
1841:. This pushed The Left below the minimum number of members required to sustain an official faction in the Bundestag, and it was preemptively dissolved on 6 December. In February it was reorganised as a group with reduced status. Former faction leader Dietmar Bartsch declined to run again.
5614:
which point numbers began to decline. In 2016, the party had 59,000 members. This trend temporarily reversed following the 2017 federal election, and the party gained several thousand new members for a total of 62,300 in 2019; however, membership shrank again to 60,350 in December 2020.
5610:
to 40% and 23%. The Left now is tied with the FDP in proportion of members under 30. Two-thirds of members who joined the party between 2016 and 2018 were under 35 years of age. In the 2021 federal election, The Left was twice as popular among voters under 25 than among voters over 70.
5606:. Prior to the merger with WASG, the voting base of PDS was an approximate cross-section of the population, favoured somewhat by more educated voters. Since the merger, The Left has become more favoured among working-class and poorer voters, which made up the core of WASG's support.
1484:, The Left received 8.6% of the national vote and won 64 seats, a decline from 2009. However, due to the collapse of the FDP, they moved into third place. After the formation of a second grand coalition between the CDU and SPD, The Left became the leading party of the opposition.
684:
but was decisively defeated, finishing in third place with 16.4% of votes cast. The PDS was excluded from further political developments due to the aversion of the opposition, now in power, which considered it essentially tied to the Communist regime despite its change of name.
3952:) is an advisory body formed in December 2007. Lothar Bisky stated the council would "focus on the development of the party, allied and international issues, the history of the left and possible consequences for the socialist program." Its current composition is as follows:
13371:
3738:
The Left's internal structure underwent a transitional phase after its formation in 2007 in order to integrate the different groups. Western party organisations were initially strongly favoured in party congresses, which strengthened the "fundamental opposition" faction of
1741:
were held on the same day. The Left suffered minor losses in both, but nonetheless joined coalition governments in each state. In Berlin, they joined a renewed coalition with the SPD and Greens. In Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, they replaced the CDU as junior partner to the SPD.
1171:
in May, but failed to win seats. The election saw the incumbent SPD government defeated in a landslide, which was widely interpreted as a sign of the federal SPD's unpopularity. Chancellor Schröder subsequently called an early federal election to be held in September.
5796:
deemed the surveillance of Bundestag members unconstitutional except in extraordinary circumstances, such as if the member was abusing their office to undermine the constitutional order, or otherwise actively fighting against it. Federal Minister of the Interior
5887:, who served as co-leader of the party's Bundestag group from 2015 to 2019, is well known for her controversial statements on this issue. In a 2009 interview, she rejected the characterisation of East Germany as a dictatorship or unconstitutional state (
1347:
In January 2010, Oskar Lafontaine announced that, due to his ongoing cancer treatment, he would not seek re-election to the party leadership at the upcoming party congress. At the congress in May, Lothar Bisky also chose not to nominate for re-election;
5371:. Ema.Li is described as holding a "middle position" between the reformist and orthodox wings of the party. The group accepts members of other factions as well as non-party members. Besides its co-founders, prominent members include Christoph Spehr and
5875:
needed "a double strategy social-ecological restructuring plus left-wing populism" to become attractive to voters. She elaborated: "Left-wing populism means targeting those who are marginalized in our society in a targeted and pointed manner."
5634:(the former GDR). The voting base of the PDS was limited almost entirely to the east; upon its formation, the vast majority of The Left's western membership came from WASG. However, the party has grown in the west in the years since: while in
639:
The main predecessor of The Left was the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS), which emerged from the ruling Socialist Unity Party (SED) of East Germany (GDR). In October 1989, facing increasing unpopularity, the SED replaced long-time leader
5602:, in 2021 The Left's membership comprised 17% blue-collar workers and 32% white-collar workers, similar to the SPD, while 35% were civil servants and 10% self-employed. 51% of party members held an academic degree, and 33% were organized in
3743:. These provisions expired at the 2014 party congress. The dual leadership, initially a temporary measure, was adopted permanently in 2010. This was not initially the case for the parliamentary group leadership, which was co-chaired by both
5772:
reported that 27 of the party's 76 Bundestag members were under surveillance, as well as 11 of the party's members of various state parliaments. This included nearly the entirety of the party's Bundestag leadership, federal co-leader
725:). Analysts have stated that such a strategy likely paid off, as it was seen as one of the decisive elements for the narrow victory of Kohl for the CDU/CSUâFDP. The campaign was criticized as an obvious attempt to discredit the whole
1667:, The Left was eager to become a partner in a coalition government with the SPD and Greens. As the CDU/CSU collapsed in the polls and the SPD surged, the last month of the campaign saw the conservative government engage in a
1370:. They suggested that this was an opportunity for the Left to leave their communist past behind them and show unconditional support for democracy. However, the party refused to support him, highlighting his support of the
1448:
On 11 April 2012, Gesine Lötzsch resigned as party co-leader, citing medical conditions her husband was suffering. Klaus Ernst subsequently announced he would not seek re-election as leader at the party congress in June.
11726:
This reference to ordoliberalism has also resonated across the wide spectrum of German politicsâ albeit in a spirit of opposition to the CDUâ from left-wing party leaders of Die Linke to the far-right of Alternative fĂŒr
1623:, Ramelow led the party to its best ever result, winning 31.0% and becoming the largest party in a state legislature for the first time, though his red-red-green government lost its majority. In February 2020, the FDP's
14510:
1573:
to third place. The party suffered substantial losses in its traditional eastern heartland, but made a net gain nationally thanks to an improvement in the western states, rising to 9.2% of votes (up 0.6 points).
1502:
was the party's biggest success to date, achieving not only its best state election result (28.2%) but also forming the first coalition with one of its own members at the head. The party was able to negotiate a
1333:
west with 8.3%. It was the most popular party in Saxony-Anhalt and Brandenburg, and won sixteen direct constituencies, the largest tally by a minor party in history. The Left nonetheless remained in opposition.
490:
1210:, who had left the SPD after the North Rhine-Westphalia election, joined WASG in June. He was chosen as the party's lead candidate for the federal election and shared the spotlight with Gregor Gysi of the PDS.
5921:, who was the keynote speaker at the event. The Left's state leader André Hahn claimed that Gauck did not deliver an "appropriate or balanced speech", arguing he had "an absolutely one-sided view of the GDR."
13123:... Center-left parties, such as the SPD, BĂNDNIS 90/DIE GRĂNEN, and DIE LINKE, are believed to be more open to IO candidates than political parties further on the center-right of the political spectrum ...
5494:
organises within SL, as it does not meet the requirements to become its own caucus. The BfV classifies the current as an extremist association. In 2020, the group had 1,000 members. Leading members include
5164:
the Reform Left Network and Forum for Democratic Socialism, and orthodox factions such as the Communist Platform, Anti-Capitalist Left, and Socialist Left. The Emancipatory Left occupies a middle position.
1285:, confirming their enduring nationwide popularity. Six state elections were held throughout the year, and in each of them the party either surged ahead or consolidated earlier gains. They saw an upswing in
5391:
Formed in February 2003 as a reaction to the increasing influence of reform-oriented groups such as the Reform Left Network. They opposed a shift away from Marxism and what they feared as a move toward a
680:
to its name, dropping the SED portion in February. The PDS oriented itself as pro-democratic, socialist, and supportive of East German sovereignty. The party chose Modrow as its lead candidate for the
15399:
5889:
3703:. The lowest unit of the party is the grassroots organization, which, depending on the density of membership, can include a residential area, a city or an entire district. The party has a youth wing,
1195:
1182:
474:
457:
13323:
5883:
The Left's position as the successor of the PDS and SED has made it subject to significant controversy and criticism, as well as claims that the party is sympathetic to the former GDR. Former member
593:. In December 2022, The Left had 54,214 registered members, making it the sixth-largest party in Germany by membership, this decreased further to 50,251 members in December 2023. The Left promotes
1206:), though in the western states, where the PDS was shunned for its association with the GDR, "PDS" was optional. The alliance's profile was greatly boosted when former federal Minister of Finance
5726:
or a threat to democracy, but party members and groups within the party have been periodically monitored, sometimes leading to controversy. According to the 2018 report, radical factions are the
3423:
in March 2007, a document outlining political principles was agreed on. The official program of the party was decided upon by an overwhelming majority at the party conference in October 2011 in
5788:. Many of those under surveillance were not associated with acknowledged extremist factions of the party. This surveillance was criticised by the SPD, Greens, and FDP; federal Justice Minister
12318:
3597:
policies in the European Union. The party strives for the democratisation of the EU institutions and a stronger role of the United Nations in international politics. The Left opposed both the
648:, who began a program of limited reforms, including the legalisation of opposition groups. He also loosened restrictions on travel between East and West Berlin, which inadvertently led to the
15053:
13556:
5396:
model. As of 2021, the faction is only partly recognised within the party. The BfV classified GD/SD as an extremist organisation in 2018, but did not include the group in its 2020 report.
3636:. The party declared in May 2014 that Ukraine should not receive any kind of support from Germany as long as there are fascists inside its government. Some members of the party (like MP
1608:
held on the same day, the party made small gains, and joined a western state government for the first time in a coalition under the SPD and Greens. The Left suffered major losses in the
12737:
5649:
Despite this, on the state level, the party has been marginalised in the west since making several breakthroughs in 2007â2010. Since 2010, it has lost representation in the Landtags of
13450:
2095:
12139:
1857:. On the first ballot, Reichinnek defeated BĂŒnger 14 votes to 13; GĂŒrpinar withdrew in favour of BĂŒnger in the second ballot, but she was defeated again by Pellmann, again 14 to 13.
12217:
1785:
was elected as Hennig-Wellsow's successor. They both faced challenges from candidates aligned with Wagenknecht's faction, winning majorities of 57% and 61% of votes respectively.
14184:
14888:
This gives the centre-left the option to either continue governing with the Greens and the left-wing Die Linke, or form a "grand coalition" with the second-placed conservatives.
12373:
12250:
15153:
12898:
12585:
15075:
5845:) have referred to the party as left-wing. Among academics, there is a general consensus that at least some sections of the party are extremist; however, political scientist
15309:
3656:'s speech calling for a new EU policy towards China, saying that "he EU and its member states want to challenge the emerging power China, including through military means."
1180:
featuring candidates from both parties. They also agreed to unify into a single party in 2007. To symbolise the new relationship, the PDS renamed itself the Left Party.PDS (
16290:
3585:
as long as it is aimed at a fair balance between developed and developing countries. The Left would have all American military bases within Germany, and if possible in the
1413:
The Left's fortunes began to turn in 2011, and they suffered a string of setbacks and defeats through 2013, particularly in the western states. They failed to win seats in
16607:
14639:
12757:
4081:
1251:
Negotiations for a formal merger of the PDS and WASG continued through the next year until a final agreement was reached on 27 March 2007. The new party, called The Left (
4910:
13346:
14438:
3837:
1694:
The Left won 4.9% of votes and 39 seats in the 26 September federal election, its worst showing since its official formation in 2007, narrowly failing to cross the 5%
15548:
15480:
12300:
16530:
15756:
14259:
13945:
10476:
3420:
1789:
prompted numerous calls for her resignation by colleagues. Hundreds of members were reported to have left the party over the dispute, including prominent former MdB
1156:
941:
507:
162:
5121:
1679:
and fearmongering about extremism; the party had elected a new moderate leadership and put forward an observably more moderate programme than previous elections. A
16302:
5714:
on threats concerning the democratic order, the existence and security of the federation or one of its states. This includes monitoring and reporting on suspected
14685:
5482:. It is considered part of the left wing of the party. Many leaders of the Socialist Left were formerly members of WASG, and the group models itself on the Dutch
17384:
17057:
3992:
15325:
Ingar Solty: Transformation of the German Political System and European Historical Responsibility of the German Left Party, Das Argument 271, 3/2007, pp. 329â47
1534:
reminiscent of that in Brandenburg 18 months earlier, falling to third place and losing a third of their voteshare. In September, the Left joined government in
14458:
1616:
state elections held on 1 September, losing almost half its voteshare in each, and left the Brandenburg government, in which they had participated since 2009.
697:
disputes, a chronic decline in membership, and a near-complete lack of support in the western states, which has been home to 85% of Germany's population. The
16015:
15543:
14245:
14209:
13952:
13314:
12117:
5695:
5222:
4710:
14917:
Early rounds of voting in the parliament led to expectations that the left-wing Die Linke party would stay in office as head of a "red-red-green" coalition.
13739:
15832:
15475:
14671:
13586:
12565:
5664:
The Left's voter demographics are skewed strongly by region. In the east, Left voters and members trend much older: in 2018, 44% of the party's members in
4044:
3868:
15293:
15127:
13276:
5801:
subsequently announced that none of The Left's Bundestag members would be surveilled, even those affiliated with the factions considered extremist by the
4851:
12837:
4699:
3979:
14530:
12547:
12095:
5187:
progressivism. The Movement Left broadly dominates the party, with no members of the Wagenknecht faction elected to the executive at the 2022 congress.
4925:
3691:. The party has smaller branches on a local level, for which the corresponding state branches are responsible. These branches usually organise across a
17389:
16655:
16173:
15509:
12061:
5132:
4033:
4022:
1849:, who previously ran against Wissler and Schirdewan for the federal leadership, announced their intention to contest against the pro-leadership duo of
1218:("foreign workers", a term associated with the Nazi regime) as a threat to German labour. He claimed to have misspoken, but in an article published in
15514:
13533:
16510:
15854:
12626:
12443:
5813:
Both media and political scientists have discussed whether The Left should be considered extremist in nature. Journalists from outlets including the
4776:
4092:
4066:
1778:
280:
5271:, former co-leader of the party's Bundestag faction. The BfV classifies the KPF as an extremist association. In 2020, the group had 1,122 members.
3561:'s Turkey, disregard international law, must be stopped immediately." The Left criticised Germany's defense plan with Saudi Arabia, which has been
14340:
3509:
to decentralise the economy. Further economic reforms supported by the party include solidarity and more self-determination for workers, a ban on
17349:
17092:
15519:
14901:
5064:
4808:
4667:
4269:
3501:
to heavier government regulation, with the goal, among others, to reduce the speculation of bonds and derivatives. The party wants to strengthen
15338:
Ingo Schmidt: The Left Opposition in Germany. Why is the Left So Weak When So Many Look For Political Alternatives?, in Monthly Review, May 2007
14824:
12337:
5764:, a prominent Left politician in Thuringia, was under surveillance until a court ruling in January 2008 that this was illegal. In January 2012,
17394:
17339:
17001:
16051:
15720:
14998:
13992:
13188:
12797:
12674:
5542:
4055:
3922:
3880:
3625:
3143:
14553:
13824:
12697:
12605:
12496:
12395:
3569:
violations. The Left supports further debt cancellations for developing countries and increases in development aid, in collaboration with the
14929:
14752:
13454:
6181:
4819:
4631:
3820:
15175:
14943:
14859:
The main parliamentary groups including the ruling centre-right and centre-left parties, as well as The Greens, left-wing Die Linke and FDP.
14745:
5517:
In addition to the recognised platforms, a number of smaller groups have aligned with The Left and its predecessors, such as the Trotskyist
4280:
3484:
in the areas of public investments, education, research and development, culture, and infrastructure, as well as increasing taxes for large
1262:
The unified party quickly became a serious force in western Germany for the first time. It comfortably surpassed the electoral threshold in
15376:
12646:
11739:
6254:
6221:
6188:
6155:
1800:
1601:
1282:
348:
12469:
16915:
16612:
15897:
13402:
3374:
334:
275:
12857:
12228:
17142:
14241:
14202:
14188:
14032:
12364:
8889:
8859:
8829:
8799:
8610:
8580:
8550:
8520:
7243:
7202:
6659:
6621:
5918:
1758:
1738:
1582:
1438:
1364:
1341:
1168:
586:
14872:
14660:
13068:
5668:
were 76 years or older. Meanwhile, in the west, the party membership is male-dominated, with two-thirds of western members being men.
1777:
opposed sanctions against Russia. At the party congress in June, incumbent Janine Wissler was re-elected as leader, while co-chair of
1344:. They now held seats in thirteen of Germany's sixteen states, only absent from three states in the traditionally conservative south.
16865:
15342:
5538:
1773:
highlighted fault lines within the party. The leadership and majority took a strongly pro-Ukrainian stance, while the faction around
13385:
4477:
4466:
4342:
4234:
4223:
4188:
4177:
1745:
After the federal election, The Left suffered internal strife and its fortunes continued to decline. A major blow came in the March
1636:
1301:. Oskar Lafontaine ran as the party's lead candidate in Saarland, leading the party to a massive success with 21.3% of the vote. In
15825:
12521:
9050:
9020:
8990:
8960:
7273:
6695:
4915:
3629:
1512:
1414:
15306:
7558:
7528:
7498:
6955:
6323:
1495:
in 2014, losing a third of its voteshare and falling to third place. Nonetheless, it continued as a junior partner under the SPD.
1418:
17334:
17052:
11711:
10020:
7383:
7339:
7208:
7017:
5550:
3562:
2041:
930:
692:
immediately after reunification, the PDS gained popularity throughout the 1990s as a protest party in the eastern states. In the
634:
503:
200:
158:
13910:
13864:
13477:
12817:
12199:
1830:
after achieving 3.1% of the vote, thus losing their 9 seats due to falling short of the 5% threshold needed for representation.
17379:
17359:
17102:
17011:
16731:
16648:
16197:
16068:
15106:
13966:
9608:
9578:
9548:
7415:
6841:
2252:
1754:
1578:
1434:
1294:
15249:
Hough, Dan; KoĂ, Michael (2009). "Populism Personified or Reinvigorated Reformers? The German Left Party in 2009 and Beyond".
14600:
13650:
12983:
12927:
12417:
11869:
5858:, the presence of its extremist factions means the party overall represents a "soft left-wing extremism". Political scientist
5259:
Originally formed as a tendency of the PDS. It is less critical of German Democratic Republic than other currents and upholds
1597:. Kipping and Riexinger were re-elected for a third time at the party congress in 2018, winning 64.5% and 73.8% respectively.
17399:
17369:
17132:
17082:
16936:
16766:
16689:
15781:
15222:
15062:
15035:
14158:
14058:
12966:
12717:
12020:
11810:
11719:
5661:. Generally growing popularity in the west has also been offset by major losses in most of its eastern heartland since 2014.
3598:
2091:
1632:
1371:
17374:
17354:
17137:
16664:
16602:
15979:
14285:
13844:
13106:
11586:
5855:
3700:
499:
421:
16314:
14263:
13684:
16185:
15818:
15128:"SĂ€chsischer Landtag feiert Tag der Deutschen Einheit â Festredner Joachim Gauck: "Freiheit wagen â Verantwortung leben""
12878:
7315:
6762:
5331:. The group describes itself as "a forum for all left-wing ecologists", and is expressly open to non-Left party members.
15324:
12268:
17344:
17172:
17122:
16930:
16778:
16683:
16411:
14573:
14378:
14345:
13993:"Beschluss der Landeskonferenz der Kommunistischen Plattform der Partei DIE LINKE des Landes Brandenburg vom 29.9.2007"
13655:
13220:
13001:
12777:
5789:
1504:
1152:
763:
570:
14806:
14538:
14476:
14373:
13153:
4930:
542:. Its parliamentary group is the second-smallest of seven in the Bundestag, and is headed by parliamentary co-leaders
17285:
16991:
16796:
16713:
16641:
16363:
15957:
15337:
13116:
13037:
11949:
9477:
9447:
9417:
9387:
7377:
7223:
7182:
6805:
6652:
6614:
6395:
2185:
1531:
1395:
1360:
681:
14617:
14462:
16375:
15369:
14957:
12286:
8741:
8711:
8681:
7172:
6581:
3279:
3136:
1770:
1703:
1586:
1442:
1410:
war criminals. She received 10.2% of the delegate votes. Gauck was elected in the first round with 80.4% of votes.
1267:
863:
519:
15320:
Dan Hough, Michael Koss and Jonathan Olsen: The Left Party in Contemporary German Politics. London: Palgrave, 2007
15049:
From a protest phenomenon to a permanent political phenomenon: right-wing and left-wing populism in Western Europe
3632:
to be illegal; however, Gysi commented that older elements of the party have a strong penchant for Russia and the
3541:
outside of Germany. The party calls for the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Germany, as well as the replacement of
17289:
17062:
16948:
16790:
16701:
15771:
15730:
15699:
14786:
14136:
13802:
13167:
7983:
7955:
7925:
7895:
7255:
7050:
6690:
6431:
5746:
5518:
5263:
positions. A "strategic goal" of the KPF is "building a new socialist society, using the positive experiences of
4955:
3551:
3367:
3323:
1672:
1609:
1566:
1492:
1306:
1281:
A string of electoral successes followed during the "super election year" of 2009. The Left achieved 7.5% in the
1259:
and Oskar Lafontaine were elected as co-leaders, while Gregor Gysi became leader of the party's Bundestag group.
714:
710:
34:
17269:
13372:"Turkey in Germany's 2021 Elections: Political party manifestos and their views on Turkey â Dr Ronald Meinardus"
6937:
6318:
5179:. In response, many eastern reformers and members of radical left factions allied in the broad "Movement Left" (
17167:
15131:
14393:
13287:
12903:
9726:
9696:
7443:
6877:
5530:
5295:, it was reformed in 2007 to promote the positions of the PDS within the new Left party. It places emphasis on
4596:
The party has branches in all 16 states. As of 31 December 2022, the membership of the branches is as follows.
1620:
1499:
14490:
13428:
5225:
classifies the AKL as an extremist association. In 2020, the AKL had 1,060 members. Prominent members include
17297:
17256:
17015:
14527:
11891:
9666:
7397:
6836:
5483:
3289:
2212:
2158:
2133:
2001:
1976:
1286:
17077:
13761:
16027:
15715:
15332:
9198:
9168:
9138:
9108:
7303:
6983:
6731:
6359:
6086:
6049:
6012:
5975:
5793:
5727:
5643:
5639:
5635:
5487:
5247:
5069:
4086:
3645:
3641:
3582:
3566:
3246:
3216:
3191:
2272:
2076:
1933:
1746:
1664:
1644:
1590:
1562:
1555:
1481:
1474:
1430:
1329:
1322:
1298:
1236:
698:
693:
689:
539:
362:
235:
16966:
16802:
16725:
5171:, who advocated a return to a fundamentally working-class focus and populist positions in the wake of the
3093:
1838:
1143:
1073:
617:
17404:
17364:
17329:
16895:
16875:
16845:
16477:
16399:
16238:
16114:
15921:
15362:
14711:
8292:
8262:
8232:
8202:
7676:
7646:
7616:
7138:
7108:
6543:
6507:
4919:
2495:
2175:
2105:
2021:
1991:
1823:
1699:
1594:
1523:
1488:
1290:
1275:
1271:
11769:
2138:
1726:. Due to The Left's poor performance, a left-wing coalition fell a few seats short of a majority in the
16351:
16056:
15945:
15885:
15841:
14958:"Left Party: 'I wonder what threat the Office for the Protection of the Constitution is hallucinating'"
14511:"Offen extremistische ZusammenschlĂŒsse in der Partei DIE LINKE. | Verfassungsschutz Niedersachsen"
11856:
11596:
9329:
9299:
9269:
8144:
8114:
8084:
8054:
7837:
7807:
7777:
7747:
7333:
7080:
7011:
6993:
6767:
6469:
6390:
5782:
3664:
3360:
3148:
3033:
2575:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1734:
1723:
1647:; the party instead held a fully digital congress on 26â27 February 2021. Hessian parliamentary leader
1613:
1605:
1539:
1527:
1426:
1422:
1391:
Jochimsen withdrew, most of the Left's delegates abstained. Wulff was elected by an absolute majority.
1302:
1263:
772:
582:
268:
13713:
12006:
11994:
5299:
and social progressivism, and supports cooperation with the SPD and Greens. Prominent members include
5126:
17162:
17107:
15933:
12223:
11601:
8462:
8432:
8402:
8372:
5599:
5372:
4396:
4142:
3712:
3241:
2913:
2056:
2036:
1604:, they declined to 5.5%, the worst result in a national election since the party's formation. In the
1240:
188:
30:
17025:
7062:
6464:
5582:
3707:, and a student wing known as The Left.SDS. The party is also affiliated with a number of left-wing
1819:
553:
The Left is represented in eight of Germany's sixteen state legislatures, including all five of the
16326:
16109:
16080:
15735:
14550:
13780:
13534:"Niemiecka partia Lewica: Ukraina nie powinna dostawaÄ pieniÄdzy od UE, dopĂłki rzÄ
dzÄ
niÄ
faszyĆci"
13478:"Europe and the Crisis in Ukraine: Is the International Community Facing a New EastâWest Conflict?"
11973:
11826:
11679:
7353:
6800:
5731:
5458:
5167:
However, starting from 2015, the party underwent an internal realignment due to the preeminence of
3574:
3123:
2180:
2071:
483:
263:
15092:
12858:"Germany's opposition Left Party to dissolve caucus after prominent member launches rival venture"
12048:
5749:
and Marx21, which have links with the Anti-Capitalist Left and the Socialist Left, respectively.
17281:
17235:
16954:
16885:
16855:
16772:
16707:
15962:
14980:
12958:
11707:
7285:
7154:
6726:
6576:
5479:
5176:
5172:
3348:
3299:
3181:
2407:
2397:
2237:
2192:
1628:
1570:
649:
14585:
11747:
5677:
17231:
17117:
17087:
17005:
16983:
16942:
16784:
16695:
16515:
15974:
15640:
15583:
15552:
15452:
15228:
Elo, Kimmo (2008). "The Left Party and the Long-Term Developments of the German Party System".
14736:
VS Verlag fĂŒr Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2007, p. 323 ff.; Eckhard Jesse, JĂŒrgen P. Lang:
13613:
12590:
12570:
11471:
11465:
11458:
11452:
9935:
9929:
9922:
9916:
7032:
6426:
5711:
5665:
5654:
5546:
5441:
4950:
4903:
4715:
4274:
3186:
2530:
2292:
2128:
2026:
2016:
1652:
1359:
Just a few weeks later, the SPD and Greens invited the Left to support their candidate for the
1337:
722:
574:
562:
17021:
14962:
13210:
13027:
12950:
11802:
3800:
3053:
1799:
reported that Wagenknecht's supporters had begun planning a breakaway party to compete in the
1714:. This meant a net loss of 4.3 percentage points of vote share and 30 seats overall. Notably,
1309:, The Left's vote declined slightly, but it remained the second largest party in both states.
112:
17067:
16126:
16039:
15766:
15484:
11939:
5638:, the Left.PDS list won just 45.5% of its votes in the western states, this grew to 57.7% in
5631:
5393:
5348:
4049:
3873:
3679:
3043:
2805:
2580:
2560:
2525:
2437:
2367:
2342:
1519:, becoming the first member of the party to serve as head of government of any German state.
554:
14712:"Verfassungsschutz reagiert auf Urteil: Linken-Abgeordnete ohne Beobachtung â tagesschau.de"
14213:
12118:"Bundesversammlung: Gauck soll am 18. MÀrz gewÀhlt werden - Linke erwÀgt eigene Nominierung"
5798:
5676:
Women have been well-represented amongst elected representatives from The Left. The party's
5291:
group considered part of the reformist wing of the party. Originally founded in 2002 as the
4856:
3727:
being elected as lead candidates for the 2017 federal election, defeating federal co-chairs
1453:, who had served as deputy leader since 2007, was elected as co-leader with 67.1% of votes.
16447:
15694:
15154:"Kandidaten fĂŒr das Amt des BundesprĂ€sidenten: Warum "Die Linke" Joachim Gauck nicht wĂ€hlt"
13060:
12162:
11484:
11478:
9948:
9942:
7425:
6872:
5288:
5214:
4980:
4740:
4704:
3984:
3692:
3653:
3590:
3510:
3439:
3388:
3113:
3013:
2948:
2485:
2412:
2267:
2011:
1961:
1918:
1901:
1896:
1833:
In October 2023, Wagenknecht and nine other Bundestag members, including faction co-leader
1516:
606:
511:
496:
426:
320:
240:
172:
14311:
11354:
11348:
9818:
9812:
4624:
4431:
4385:
8:
17293:
17239:
17219:
17157:
17097:
16747:
16597:
16435:
16423:
16226:
16138:
16104:
16092:
15319:
13849:
13108:
How German Parties Select Candidates of Immigrant Origin: Neutrality, Opening Or Closure?
11652:
11639:
5854:
states that, while The Left is far more accepting of the Basic Law than parties like the
5471:
5137:
4038:
4027:
3613:
3546:
3481:
3294:
3261:
3221:
3206:
2490:
2402:
2392:
2362:
2257:
2143:
2110:
1956:
1938:
1928:
1885:
1827:
1695:
1457:
was elected as the other co-leader with 53.5% of votes, winning a narrow contest against
661:
590:
416:
15523:
15197:
14110:
14084:
7248:
3068:
1655:
were elected co-chairs on 27 February, winning 84% and 71% of votes cast, respectively.
1278:. The "five-party system" in Germany was now a reality in the west as well as the east.
1160:
17273:
17147:
16995:
16869:
15776:
15348:
13500:
12472:[The election manifesto of the party Die Linke for the 2021 federal election].
11536:
11530:
10000:
9994:
7090:
6965:
6502:
6354:
5867:
5658:
5508:
5089:
4781:
4097:
4077:
4071:
3860:
3755:
Since June 2022, the composition of the Party Executive Committee has been as follows:
3469:
3404:
3284:
3226:
3058:
2983:
2755:
2735:
2720:
2570:
2475:
2332:
2312:
2297:
2247:
2227:
2205:
2046:
1981:
1869:
1749:, with the party losing all their seats amid conflict between the state leadership and
1176:
they would not run against one another in direct constituencies and would create joint
594:
256:
251:
244:
15284:
13254:
2845:
405:
17243:
17029:
16560:
16467:
15761:
15434:
15218:
15058:
15031:
14842:
14443:
13869:
13829:
13508:
13504:
13216:
13112:
13033:
12962:
11945:
11806:
11715:
6226:
5906:
5884:
5859:
5741:, the Anti-capitalist Left, Marxist Forum, and Gera Dialogue/Socialist Dialogue. The
5364:
5268:
5184:
5168:
4745:
4517:
4482:
4347:
3780:
3720:
3688:
3672:
3521:, and more generally the overthrow of property and power structures in which, citing
3176:
3088:
2993:
2855:
2785:
2690:
2675:
2442:
2382:
2337:
2322:
2282:
2217:
1996:
1986:
1923:
1834:
1782:
1774:
613:
531:
442:
91:
16576:
15663:
14744:, Wiesbaden 2004, p. 82 ff. and for suspicion of extremism in the party as a whole:
12177:
5905:
Other incidents include a walkout conducted in 2007 by the Left's delegation in the
5774:
5226:
4570:
4182:
3649:
1846:
1683:
to Switzerland ensued due to fear of increased taxes for the wealthy through higher
1353:
547:
17277:
16500:
16221:
15800:
15725:
15589:
15491:
15258:
15237:
15079:
14597:
13496:
13492:
12919:
12862:
7308:
7120:
6538:
5910:
5778:
5449:
5433:
5260:
5221:, no military operations, and no cuts to social welfare or the public service. The
4813:
4749:
4672:
4559:
4401:
4147:
3740:
3704:
3621:
3416:
3336:
3319:
3038:
3018:
2938:
2933:
2875:
2835:
2825:
2790:
2710:
2685:
2655:
2640:
2635:
2610:
2555:
2540:
2447:
2422:
2352:
2307:
2277:
2165:
2153:
2081:
2066:
2006:
1971:
1842:
1795:
1750:
1624:
1207:
543:
212:
17309:: are currently only in the state parliaments of Bavaria and Rhineland-Palatinate.
15678:
15559:
15010:
7113:
5846:
5578:
5500:
3795:
3118:
2780:
2510:
1854:
107:
17152:
16525:
16520:
16216:
16150:
15673:
15619:
15429:
15313:
15297:
14767:
14604:
14557:
14534:
13689:
13172:
13135:
11796:
11701:
5893:
5707:
5368:
5300:
5035:
5010:
4471:
4239:
4060:
3927:
3885:
3805:
3732:
3724:
3652:, deputy leader of The Left in the Bundestag, criticized EU commission president
3489:
3400:
3256:
3251:
3196:
3003:
2963:
2795:
2765:
2750:
2700:
2670:
2605:
2545:
2505:
2427:
2417:
2317:
2061:
2051:
1684:
1458:
1454:
1399:
1375:
1199:
1186:
602:
461:
117:
13670:
12899:"Pellmann and Reichinnek win battle vote against Left Chairman in the Bundestag"
12738:"The Left: Hundreds of party resignations after statements by Sahra Wagenknecht"
11916:
5504:
1850:
1491:
held on the same day as the federal election. The Left suffered a major loss in
620:, resulting in the dissolution of The Left's official faction in the Bundestag.
16859:
16735:
16633:
16321:
16192:
16145:
15928:
15909:
15668:
15658:
15624:
15575:
15457:
15333:
Victor Grossman: A Huge Step Towards Left Unity in Germany, Monthly Review Zine
15210:
15003:
Left-wing populism as a challenge. For the demagogical siphoning of resentments
14495:
14398:
12822:
12782:
12272:
12157:
12082:
11406:
11400:
11339:
11333:
9870:
9864:
9803:
9797:
7147:
7143:
7055:
5496:
5445:
5320:
5264:
5238:
4960:
4824:
4767:
4636:
4285:
4131:
3842:
3825:
3775:
3668:
3586:
3570:
3211:
3103:
3073:
3063:
2988:
2958:
2953:
2943:
2830:
2810:
2770:
2740:
2680:
2620:
2595:
2535:
2222:
2031:
1680:
1648:
1469:
1387:
1224:, a group of prominent German writers accused him of deliberately appealing to
1177:
726:
641:
558:
527:
293:
133:
86:
12838:"German firebrand politician quits far-left Die Linke to set up her own party"
12365:"German elections: CDU resorts to 'Red Scare' tactics amid slump in the polls"
12319:"Janine Wissler and Susanne Hennig-Wellsow are the new chairwomen of the Left"
12140:"Gabriel greift Linke an: Betonköpfe, die Stasi-AufklÀrung unanstÀndig finden"
3108:
17323:
17112:
17072:
16889:
16540:
16535:
15810:
15611:
15603:
14902:"German state governor steps down after winning election with far-right help"
14413:
13089:
12396:"Merkel questions if SPD's Scholz ready to rule out alliance with Left party"
11976:[presidential election: Left, choose Gauck!] (in German). Zeit Online
11523:
11517:
9987:
9981:
7215:
5914:
5898:
5851:
5735:
5475:
5352:
5324:
5218:
5055:
4228:
3728:
3606:
3557:
In their manifesto, the party says: "All support for NATO states which, like
3514:
3408:
3236:
3231:
3098:
3048:
3028:
3023:
2998:
2973:
2870:
2775:
2695:
2615:
2590:
2515:
2452:
2287:
2086:
1790:
1450:
1383:
1379:
1367:
17127:
15262:
15241:
14640:"Alexander Dobrindt: CSU-GeneralsekretÀr bringt Verbot der Linken ins Spiel"
13237:
5549:(DKP), have formed local alliances with the party, but have not joined. The
5521:(SAV), though the membership applications of some of its leaders, including
5327:. Founded in 1994 within the PDS, it is critical of capitalism and supports
3550:
and should not be seen as inflexible preconditions for a federal, left-wing
2520:
17187:
16899:
16879:
16849:
16833:
16545:
16472:
16209:
15093:
VerdrĂ€ngte Parteigeschichte: PlĂ€doyer fĂŒr eine Entzauberung der Linkspartei
14791:
13884:
12842:
12702:
12679:
12610:
11445:
11439:
9909:
9903:
7448:
7346:
6160:
5819:
5761:
5650:
5603:
5296:
4878:
4136:
3934:
3637:
3633:
3518:
3485:
3456:
3396:
2978:
2928:
2923:
2908:
2865:
2850:
2820:
2745:
2730:
2705:
2665:
2625:
2600:
2565:
2480:
1508:
1403:
1256:
1167:
labour and welfare reforms. The party made a modest showing of 2.2% in the
702:
598:
578:
538:, the federal legislature of Germany, having won 4.9% of votes cast in the
515:
195:
5622:
4512:
3525:'s aphorism, "man is a debased, enslaved, abandoned, despicable essence."
2968:
1639:, Ramelow was re-elected for a second term to lead a minority government.
1550:
17177:
16972:
16825:
16814:
16758:
16581:
16555:
16550:
16505:
16482:
16387:
16121:
15467:
15024:
Populism â a central characteristic of party politics in turbulent times?
14828:
14740:
Olzog Verlag, Munich 2008; for the past history of PDS: Steffen Kailitz:
14144:
13685:"Early elections at the Left Party: Who is running for party leadership?"
13591:
12762:
12742:
12322:
12304:
12203:
11393:
11387:
9857:
9851:
7390:
7024:
6193:
5830:
5767:
5626:
Results for the second votes by constituency in the 2017 federal election
5522:
5234:
5230:
4735:
4436:
4390:
4193:
3969:
3744:
3617:
3534:
3506:
3463:
3201:
3083:
2918:
2880:
2860:
2800:
2760:
2725:
2660:
2650:
2630:
2585:
2500:
2470:
2432:
2327:
2170:
2100:
1966:
1676:
1635:, but immediately resigned due to widespread outrage. After a protracted
1593:
continued, winning 12.8% in March. In 2018, they defended their seats in
1349:
1164:
665:
657:
653:
523:
15343:
A New European Socialist Movement? The Rise of the Left Party in Germany
13315:"Germans want Donald Trump to pull US troops out of Germany, poll finds"
13092:
Urban Revolution Now: Henri Lefebvre in Social Research and Architecture
12444:"German progressives dare to dream of leftist 'red-green-red' coalition"
12338:"German far-left party eager to join coalition while others steer clear"
1589:, despite making gains in all three states. The party's slow decline in
72:
16839:
16406:
16273:
16075:
16034:
15028:
Populism in modern democracy. The Netherlands and Germany in comparison
12984:"Die Programmatik der LINKEN | Parteien in Deutschland | bpb"
5360:
3708:
3594:
3578:
3538:
3502:
3497:
3412:
3392:
3171:
3078:
2815:
2645:
2347:
2302:
1688:
1336:
The Left won seats in the parliament of Germany's most populous state,
1317:
1225:
645:
207:
183:
12879:"Bartsch withdraws from the chairmanship of the Left in the Bundestag"
5577:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
5545:(ISO) also works inside The Left. Other left-wing groups, such as the
4565:
3558:
656:" in November, and Krenz resigned soon afterward. He was succeeded by
17182:
16673:
16285:
15740:
15634:
15421:
14976:
11549:
11543:
10013:
10007:
5871:
5785:
5723:
5715:
5491:
5437:
5356:
5114:
3581:, and diverse bilateral treaties among countries. The party supports
3522:
3493:
3431:
3166:
3008:
2840:
2550:
2387:
2372:
2262:
2242:
2232:
1877:
1727:
1719:
1668:
1542:
as the second-largest member of a coalition with the SPD and Greens.
1229:
566:
557:. As of 2021, the party participates in governments in the states of
535:
306:
5452:. As of 2021, the faction is no longer recognised within the party.
1374:
and his attacks on their party. They also rejected the conservative
382:
16442:
16233:
16087:
15904:
15111:
14810:
14771:
13420:
12883:
12675:"German state elections show populism in decline on left and right"
12631:
11497:
11491:
9961:
9955:
5839:, while other journalists writing for the same publications (minus
5836:
5824:
5534:
5328:
5003:
4554:
3602:
3451:
3443:
3435:
1577:
Throughout 2017, they failed to make a comeback to the Landtags of
1382:, instead putting forward their own nominee, television journalist
1220:
502:. The party was founded in 2007 as the result of the merger of the
14931:
Die Linke. Zur Beobachtung der Partei durch den Verfassungsschutz.
14768:"Die Linke triumph: Mixed reaction as German far-left gains power"
14755:
Die Linke. Zur Beobachtung der Partei durch den Verfassungsschutz.
13136:"Die Linke triumph: Mixed reaction as German far-left gains power"
12497:"German millionaires rush assets to Switzerland ahead of election"
12096:"BundesprÀsidentenwahl: Politik am Rande des Nervenzusammenbruchs"
11703:
A Political Economy of Power: Ordoliberalism in Context, 1932-1950
17206:
16394:
16370:
16358:
16346:
16309:
16297:
16268:
16168:
16063:
16046:
16010:
15986:
15952:
15940:
15916:
15892:
15880:
15535:
15345:
by Ingar Solty and Frank Deppe, in Toronto, Canada, 18 March 2008
14686:"Bundesverfassungsgericht verbietet Ăberwachung von Bodo Ramelow"
14312:"The Foundation of an International Socialist Organisation (ISO)"
13587:"China finds unlikely allies in Germany's far right and far left"
13403:"Germany moving to limit arms sales to Saudi Arabia, UAE, Turkey"
12802:
11419:
11413:
11367:
11361:
11326:
11320:
9883:
9877:
9831:
9825:
9790:
9784:
5413:
4801:
4658:
2898:
2377:
2357:
1711:
706:
13386:
Opposition parties condemn German defence plan with Saudi Arabia
13090:Ăkos MoravĂĄnszky; Christian Schmid; Lukasz Stanek, eds. (2014).
13029:
Antimilitarism: Political and Gender Dynamics of Peace Movements
12698:"Germany's Die Linke on verge of split over sanctions on Russia"
12606:"Olaf Scholz's SPD secures major win in Saarland state election"
3589:, enacted within a binding treaty, dissolved. The Left welcomes
16430:
16418:
16382:
16280:
16180:
16133:
16003:
15998:
15969:
15597:
15501:
15444:
12949:
Cini, Michelle; Perez-Solorzano Borragan, Nieves, eds. (2013).
12798:"Scholz's Social Democrats win Bremen state vote, Greens slump"
12651:
12522:"Factbox: German 'traffic light' coalition seen as most likely"
12470:"Das Wahlprogramm der Partei Die Linke zur Bundestagswahl 2021"
12062:"BundesprÀsident: Gabriel: Lafontaine-Kritik an Gauck peinlich"
11510:
11504:
11380:
11374:
9974:
9968:
9844:
9838:
5760:
Surveillance of party members has been a point of controversy.
5028:
4692:
3696:
3424:
2903:
1707:
1535:
1386:. The red-green camp reacted with disappointment. SPD chairman
176:
15795:
14787:"Die Linke party wins German votes by standing out from crowd"
13168:"Die Linke party wins German votes by standing out from crowd"
12418:"German election: Could there soon be a left-wing government?"
12301:"The Left Party Congress will take place completely digitally"
11870:"German election: Could there soon be a left-wing government?"
11629:
Used by the German government in their parliamentary diagrams.
3748:
four, increased to six in 2018, and reduced to three in 2022.
3438:
party. This party is sometimes considered part of the German "
3343:
3314:
16250:
16245:
16204:
16099:
16022:
15569:
12049:
Streit ĂŒber PrĂ€sidentenwahl: Linke verteidigt Anti-Gauck-Kurs
11591:
11432:
11426:
9896:
9890:
5630:
A large part of The Left's base and membership reside in the
5432:
Originally formed in 2003 as a tendency within PDS promoting
4844:
2715:
1837:, announced their intention to leave The Left and launch the
1328:
The electoral collapse of the Social Democratic Party in the
729:; the PDS reinterpreted it for itself by printing red socks.
510:. Through the PDS, the party is the direct descendant of the
441: A broad left-wing party, it has also been described as
16608:
List of communist parties represented in European Parliament
13208:
12948:
12818:"Germany: Scholz coalition battered in Bavaria, Hesse polls"
12251:"Kipping und Riexinger als Linken-Vorsitzende wiedergewÀhlt"
3533:
Concerning foreign policy, The Left calls for international
15354:
15095:, spiegel.de, 25 September 2009, accessed 25 September 2009
12218:"Final result of the Election to the German Bundestag 2013"
5689:
5440:, and Saxony-Anhalt branch leader Wulf Gallert, as well as
3542:
2148:
1764:
1407:
668:, the new Chairman of the Council of Ministers, became the
15205:
Out of the East: From PDS to Left Party in Unified Germany
14738:
Die Linke â der smarte Extremismus einer deutschen Partei.
14726:
12647:"The Left concedes a "great defeat" in Schleswig-Holstein"
3411:, the Left includes many different factions, ranging from
1565:, The Left fell to fifth place due to the re-entry of the
396:
17209:; instead, an associated party CSU is participating here.
15051:. In: Uwe Backes, Alexander Gallus, Eckhard Jesse (ed.):
14742:
Politischer Extremismus in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
14588:, tagesschau.de, 16. January 2008, accessed 16 March 2008
13347:"Germany's Marxist firebrand plots for the Left's moment"
12722:
12548:"Berlin Left votes for red-green-red coalition agreement"
5814:
3447:
1433:. Crucially, the party lost its seats in the Landtags of
1255:), held its founding congress in Berlin on 16 June 2007.
718:
11674:
11672:
5917:, former East German pro-democracy campaigner and later
5183:), committed to social movements, environmentalism, and
3648:. The party also takes a friendly stance towards China;
1159:(WASG), a left-wing party opposed to federal Chancellor
15278:
14873:"German Greens suffer setback in Bremen local election"
12269:"Germany: Both leaders of socialist Left Party to quit"
12158:"Gabriel: Linke lehnt Gauck wegen Sympathie fĂŒr DDR ab"
11938:
van Haute, Emilie; Gauja, Anika, eds. (24 April 2015).
11776:(in German). Federal Returning Officer. 15 October 2021
616:
and several supporters split from the party and formed
15198:
Mapping the European Left: Socialist Parties in the EU
14576:, Welt Online, 17 January 2008, accessed 16 March 2008
14006:
13557:"Linken-Abgeordnete auf Abenteuertour im Kriegsgebiet"
13443:
12778:"Berlin: Conservatives projected to win repeated vote"
12200:"Kipping und Riexinger fĂŒhren tief zerstrittene Linke"
3687:
The Left is organised into branches in each of the 16
15757:
Labour and Social Justice â The Electoral Alternative
14607:, netzeitung.de, 18 June 2007, accessed 16 March 2008
14246:
Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution
14210:
Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution
13953:
Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution
12758:"Left: finance expert Fabio De Masi leaves the party"
11669:
5696:
Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution
3711:, education, and policy groups, most prominently the
3421:
Labour and Social Justice â The Electoral Alternative
1522:
The Left achieved modest gains in the city-states of
1157:
Labour and Social Justice â The Electoral Alternative
508:
Labour and Social Justice â The Electoral Alternative
15009:, Nr. 465, August 2008, pp. 15â18, here: p. 15, 17 (
14672:"Verfassungsschutz beobachtet 27 Linken-Abgeordnete"
13451:"Bundestag paves way for Lisbon Treaty ratification"
13189:"German Left Party Strong But Shunned by Mainstream"
12586:"Schwesig is re-elected as Minister-President of MV"
12018:
5792:
described it as "intolerable". In October 2013, the
5412:
Founded in 1995 within the PDS to promote classical
5267:
and to learn from mistakes". Its primary leader was
3446:" by journalists in some news outlets including the
1554:
Results for the second votes by constituency in the
1473:
Results for the second votes by constituency in the
1321:
Results for the second votes by constituency in the
688:
After debuting with a meagre 2.4% nationwide in the
17218:: are currently not in the state parliament of the
15176:"Left boycotts unity celebration over Gauck speech"
15125:
14341:"The social composition of the parties' membership"
13645:
13643:
12627:"Hennig-Wellsow resigns as chair of the Left Party"
5217:if a set of minimum criteria are met, including no
1627:was elected Minister-President with the support of
1193:). The joint list ran under the name The Left.PDS (
14799:
14778:
14461:. German Bundestag. September 2015. Archived from
14439:"The Left is getting younger and more West German"
13641:
13639:
13637:
13635:
13633:
13631:
13629:
13627:
13625:
13623:
13313:
12363:
3537:, while ruling out any form of involvement of the
14843:"German politicians targeted in mass data attack"
14817:
14807:"Far-left Die Linke take charge of German region"
14368:
14366:
14364:
14335:
14333:
14331:
14329:
13453:. EurActive.com. 9 September 2009. Archived from
13154:"Far-left Die Linke take charge of German region"
12437:
12435:
11853:1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe
11801:. Springer Science & Business Media. p.
5929:
5367:, a decentralized society, and are supportive of
1142:The predecessors of Die Linke, and its split-off
660:, part of a group of reformers who supported the
17321:
17205:: does not participate in the state election in
16663:
14591:
13522:– via Israel Council on Foreign Relations.
12942:
12468:Hegazy, Sarah; Lehman, Pola (7 September 2021).
12021:"Tagesschau: Luc Jochimsen? Oder doch Lukrezia?"
1671:campaign against The Left and the prospect of a
17268:: is currently not in the state parliaments of
14586:Die Linke â keine GefĂ€hrdung fĂŒr die Verfassung
14394:"Germany's election results: Facts and figures"
13946:"Federal Constitutional Protection Report 2020"
13620:
12178:"Linkspartei diskutiert ĂŒber Lötzsch-Nachfolge"
17385:Parties represented in the European Parliament
17255:: is currently not in the state parliament of
15840:
14574:Beobachtung von Linkspartei-Politiker verboten
14361:
14326:
13865:"Left Congress: Movement Left in the majority"
12432:
11937:
10032:
3626:annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
3492:rates and the reinstatement of the individual
16649:
15871:
15856:The Left in the European Parliament â GUE/NGL
15826:
15370:
15057:, 27th year (2015), Nomos, Baden-Baden 2015,
15026:. In: Friso Wielanga, Florian Hartleb (ed.):
14678:
14491:"Opinion: The Bundestag could use more women"
14374:"Election results and electorate of the LEFT"
13209:Michael Keating; David McCrone, eds. (2013).
12243:
11971:
11699:
6283:
3419:. During the joint party convention with the
3368:
1698:. The party was nonetheless entitled to full
1487:The party narrowly retained its seats in the
534:. The party holds 28 seats out of 736 in the
281:The Left in the European Parliament â GUE/NGL
17230:: is currently not in state parliaments of
15215:Honeckers Erben. Die Wahrheit ĂŒber Die Linke
14760:
14252:
13775:
13773:
13771:
12467:
12007:Linke verhindert Gauck, Wulff wird PrÀsident
5840:
5828:
5765:
5556:
5386:Geraer Dialog/Sozialistischer Dialog (GD/SD)
3461:
701:also saw a "red socks" campaign used by the
16613:List of left and far-left parties in Europe
14732:See, for example, Frank Decker, Viola Neu:
14704:
14598:Neue Linke verunsichert VerfassungsschĂŒtzer
14569:
14567:
14406:
14236:
14234:
14185:"Die Linkspartei - Gera als Weltanschauung"
13940:
13938:
13936:
13934:
13932:
13215:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 147.
13104:
11746:(in German). 9 October 2013. Archived from
11246:
11238:
11193:
11172:
11138:
11120:
11104:
11094:
11083:
11060:
11042:
11034:
11019:
10990:
10963:
10955:
10942:
10926:
10894:
10886:
10878:
10870:
10849:
10833:
10812:
10796:
10775:
10754:
10736:
10728:
10720:
10712:
10689:
10681:
10668:
10658:
10650:
10640:
10632:
10614:
10604:
10589:
10586:
10583:
10565:
10557:
10539:
10523:
10483:
10460:
10450:
10430:
10422:
10409:
10376:
10360:
10352:
10300:
10298:
10290:
10279:
10261:
10253:
10245:
10209:
10183:
10168:
10155:
10139:
10129:
10119:
10106:
10069:
10064:
10061:
10052:
10041:
10038:
10027:
5878:
5478:, and seeks to orient the party toward the
4545:Faction dissolved â reduced to group status
4265:
1722:was defeated in her direct constituency of
1600:The Left had mixed results in 2019. In the
15:
16656:
16642:
15833:
15819:
15377:
15363:
15283:
15207:(State University of New York Press; 2011)
15107:"Sahra Wagenknecht mocks "neoliberal SPD""
14642:(in German). Handelsblatt. 30 January 2012
14618:"Aktenzeichen: 20 K 3077/06, 20 K 6242/03"
14433:
14431:
14314:. International Viewpoint. 9 December 2016
13344:
13248:
13246:
13204:
13202:
12718:"Wissler and Schirdewan new party leaders"
12361:
11788:
5919:Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records
3375:
3361:
1365:Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records
404:
381:
16:
17390:Party of the European Left member parties
15104:
14870:
13768:
13252:
13238:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123423000431
12917:
12441:
7457:
5808:
3612:The party has a mixed stance towards the
3565:in Yemen and has been accused of massive
1356:were elected as the party's new leaders.
15349:Was the German Election a Turning Point?
15248:
14899:
14825:"German Left Party a Would-Be Kingmaker"
14784:
14564:
14231:
13929:
13212:The Crisis of Social Democracy in Europe
13025:
12692:
12690:
12335:
5866:The Left has also been characterised as
5690:Observation by Constitutional Protection
5621:
3851:Member of the Party Executive Committee
3678:
3663:
3630:Russian military intervention in Ukraine
3593:, while opposing what it believes to be
1860:
1765:2022âpresent: infighting and party split
1658:
1549:
1545:
1468:
1464:
1316:
1312:
1151:In January 2005, a group of disaffected
585:, and is the third-largest party in the
24:This is an accepted version of this page
14428:
13845:"Where is Germany's Die Linke heading?"
13584:
13554:
13345:Nöstlinger, Nette (20 September 2021).
13243:
13199:
12876:
12566:"SPD and Left sign coalition agreement"
12442:Oltermann, Philip (24 September 2021).
12362:Kirschbaum, Erick (10 September 2021).
12044:
12042:
11794:
11592:The Ministry for State Security (Stasi)
11555:
6911:Best historic results for state parties
5913:ceremony in protest of the presence of
5551:Association for Solidarity Perspectives
635:Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany)
581:. The Left is a founding member of the
14:
17350:Democratic socialist parties in Europe
17322:
14987:From Politics and Contemporary History
14900:Sandford, Alasdair (5 February 2020).
14515:www.verfassungsschutz.niedersachsen.de
13708:
13706:
13704:
13702:
13700:
13555:Meisner, Matthias (20 February 2015).
13526:
13253:Rosenberg, Steve (24 September 2009).
13186:
13071:from the original on 26 September 2021
12981:
12975:
12624:
12398:. Agence France-Presse. 31 August 2021
12336:Chadwick, Lauren (23 September 2021).
12311:
11995:"Nicht wÀhlbar": Linke ist gegen Gauck
11974:"PrÀsidentenwahl: Linke, wÀhlt Gauck!"
11564:Present in legislature (in opposition)
10471:
7218:(Deputy Minister-President 1998â2002)
6124:
5490:. The revolutionary socialist current
5282:Forum demokratischer Sozialismus (fds)
1818:, they retained their 10 seats in the
1214:one event, Oskar Lafontaine described
587:European United LeftâNordic Green Left
569:, where it leads a coalition with the
17395:Political parties established in 2007
17340:Anti-fascist organisations in Germany
17044:Minor parties (without representation
16637:
15814:
15782:List of German Left Party politicians
15358:
15200:, Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, April 2016
15126:SĂ€chsischer Landtag (13 April 2012).
15076:"We have to face the green challenge"
15054:Jahrbuch Extremismus & Demokratie
13580:
13578:
13311:
13286:. The Left. p. 5. Archived from
13255:"German hard left set to gain ground"
13187:Hawley, Charles (19 September 2013).
12918:Nordsieck, Wolfram (September 2021).
12687:
4109:
3144:International socialist organizations
2092:To each according to his contribution
1569:in fourth place and the ascension of
1169:North Rhine-Westphalia state election
1133:
1131:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1093:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
993:
991:
985:
983:
981:
979:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
940:
929:
927:
925:
919:
917:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
901:
899:
893:
891:
889:
883:
877:
875:
873:
871:
869:
867:
862:
860:
858:
852:
850:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
826:
824:
822:
796:
771:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
482:
16603:Elections to the European Parliament
15721:International Socialist Organisation
15130:. Landtag.sachsen.de. Archived from
14785:Connolly, Kate (18 September 2009).
13475:
13469:
13236:Journal of Political Science, 1â10.
12930:from the original on 22 October 2021
12578:
12494:
12039:
12019:von Markus Ehrenberg (9 June 2010).
11587:List of political parties in Germany
9517:
9238:
8929:
8650:
8341:
8023:
7716:
7467:
5856:National Democratic Party of Germany
5598:According to regular studies by the
5563:
5543:International Socialist Organisation
5158:
3675:at the 2022 federal party conference
3517:, and the introduction of a federal
1394:The party was isolated ahead of the
1293:and won seats for the first time in
732:
15351:, Toronto, Canada, 13 November 2009
15227:
14561:, Federal Ministry of the Interior.
13911:"Federations: Anti-Capitalist left"
13697:
13536:. wiadomosci.gazeta.pl. 11 May 2014
13431:from the original on 9 October 2021
13032:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 130.
12420:. Deutsche Welle. 24 September 2021
12120:. Tagesspiegel.de. 20 February 2012
12076:
11872:. Deutsche Welle. 24 September 2021
9768:
5924:
5537:strategies in the party, while the
3430:The Left is generally considered a
1779:The Left in the European Parliament
1266:, and throughout 2008 won seats in
1246:
565:as a junior partner, as well as in
48:
15105:Hollstein, Miriam (19 June 2009).
14477:"German Bundestag â women and men"
14459:"German Bundestag â women and men"
14379:Federal Agency for Civic Education
14346:Federal Agency for Civic Education
13656:Federal Agency for Civic Education
13575:
13094:. Ashgate Publishing. p. 283.
13061:"Programme of the Die Linke Party"
12495:Hirt, Oliver (24 September 2021).
11827:"Mitgliederzahlen 2022: DIE LINKE"
5790:Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger
5718:groups and political parties. The
5351:current co-founded in May 2009 by
3475:
3442:" camp. It has been described as "
175:Kleine AlexanderstraĂe 28 D-10178
49:
17416:
15300: (archived 27 September 2007)
15270:
15156:(in German). Bild.de. 4 June 2010
14871:Oltermann, Philip (15 May 2023).
14692:. tagesspiegel.de. 9 October 2013
13485:Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs
13326:from the original on 18 June 2022
12982:Decker, Frank (6 February 2023).
12920:"Parties and Elections in Europe"
12877:Keinath, Anja (4 February 2024).
12625:Thaler, Claudia (20 April 2022).
12376:from the original on 18 June 2022
12083:Gauck-Boykott vertieft die GrÀben
11855:(second edition). Princeton, NJ:
5706:) is the German federal domestic
5213:party should only participate in
4591:
3528:
1810:, The Left lost two seats in the
1530:in 2015. They suffered a loss in
682:1990 East German general election
522:(SED). Since 2022, The Left's co-
16441:
16429:
16417:
16405:
16393:
16381:
16369:
16357:
16345:
16320:
16308:
16296:
16279:
16267:
16244:
16232:
16215:
16203:
16191:
16179:
16167:
16144:
16132:
16120:
16098:
16086:
16074:
16062:
16045:
16033:
16021:
16009:
15997:
15985:
15968:
15951:
15939:
15927:
15915:
15903:
15891:
15879:
15794:
15168:
15146:
15119:
15098:
15086:
15068:
15041:
15016:
14992:
14970:
14950:
14936:
14922:
14893:
14864:
14835:
14734:Handbuch der deutschen Parteien,
14664:
14654:
14632:
14610:
14579:
14543:
14528:Verfassungsschutzbericht reports
14521:
14503:
14483:
14469:
14451:
14386:
14304:
14278:
14262:. sozialisten.de. Archived from
14195:
14177:
14151:
14129:
14103:
14077:
14051:
14025:
13999:
13985:
13959:
13740:"Members of the Party Executive"
13111:. Springer Nature. p. 200.
12180:. tagesschau.de. 13 January 2012
11917:"Writers warn about Linkspartei"
11798:Mathematical Theory of Democracy
11645:
11632:
11620:Used in the party logo and flag.
11542:
11529:
11516:
11503:
11490:
11477:
11464:
11451:
11438:
11425:
11412:
11399:
11386:
11373:
11360:
11347:
11332:
11319:
11303:
11302:
11295:
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11187:
11186:
11174:
11173:
11166:
11165:
11158:
11157:
11140:
11139:
11130:
11129:
11122:
11121:
11096:
11095:
11070:
11069:
11062:
11061:
11052:
11051:
11044:
11043:
11036:
11035:
11021:
11020:
11013:
11012:
11000:
10999:
10992:
10991:
10984:
10983:
10976:
10975:
10957:
10956:
10944:
10943:
10936:
10935:
10928:
10927:
10920:
10919:
10912:
10911:
10888:
10887:
10880:
10879:
10859:
10858:
10851:
10850:
10843:
10842:
10835:
10834:
10822:
10821:
10814:
10813:
10806:
10805:
10798:
10797:
10785:
10784:
10777:
10776:
10769:
10768:
10756:
10755:
10746:
10745:
10738:
10737:
10729:
10722:
10721:
10714:
10713:
10706:
10705:
10691:
10690:
10670:
10669:
10660:
10659:
10652:
10651:
10642:
10641:
10634:
10633:
10626:
10625:
10616:
10615:
10606:
10605:
10591:
10590:
10567:
10566:
10541:
10540:
10533:
10532:
10525:
10524:
10517:
10516:
10501:
10500:
10493:
10492:
10485:
10484:
10462:
10461:
10452:
10451:
10444:
10443:
10432:
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10423:
10403:
10402:
10393:
10392:
10378:
10377:
10370:
10369:
10354:
10353:
10338:
10337:
10328:
10327:
10302:
10301:
10292:
10291:
10271:
10270:
10263:
10262:
10255:
10254:
10247:
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10234:
10233:
10224:
10223:
10211:
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10170:
10169:
10157:
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10120:
10108:
10107:
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9993:
9980:
9967:
9954:
9941:
9928:
9915:
9902:
9889:
9876:
9863:
9850:
9837:
9824:
9811:
9796:
9783:
9746:
9745:
9716:
9715:
9686:
9685:
9627:
9598:
9597:
9568:
9567:
9497:
9496:
9467:
9466:
9437:
9436:
9407:
9406:
9349:
9348:
9319:
9318:
9289:
9288:
9218:
9217:
9188:
9187:
9158:
9157:
9128:
9127:
9069:
9039:
9009:
8979:
8908:
8879:
8878:
8849:
8848:
8818:
8760:
8731:
8730:
8701:
8700:
8630:
8629:
8600:
8599:
8570:
8569:
8539:
8482:
8481:
8451:
8421:
8392:
8391:
8312:
8311:
8282:
8281:
8251:
8222:
8221:
8164:
8163:
8134:
8133:
8104:
8103:
8074:
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8003:
8002:
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7974:
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7944:
7915:
7914:
7857:
7856:
7827:
7826:
7797:
7796:
7767:
7766:
7695:
7665:
7635:
7577:
7547:
7517:
6896:
6895:
6859:
6824:
6823:
6787:
6786:
6750:
6749:
6713:
6677:
6640:
6639:
6599:
6562:
6561:
6526:
6525:
6489:
6450:
6449:
6414:
6413:
6377:
6341:
6273:
6272:
6245:
6244:
6212:
6211:
6111:
6110:
6074:
6073:
6037:
6036:
6000:
5999:
5684:
5593:Membership of The Left over time
5568:
5381:Gera Dialogue/Socialist Dialogue
5107:
5082:
5048:
5021:
4996:
4973:
4943:
4896:
4871:
4837:
4794:
4760:
4728:
4685:
4651:
4617:
4564:
4553:
4511:
4476:
4465:
4430:
4395:
4384:
4341:
4279:
4268:
4233:
4222:
4187:
4176:
4141:
4130:
3496:tax. The party aims at a linear
3342:
3330:
3313:
1884:
1771:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
1396:March 2012 presidential election
520:Socialist Unity Party of Germany
226:
225:
71:
15030:. Waxmann, MĂŒnster u. a. 2011,
14674:. Der Spiegel. 22 January 2012.
14539:Bundesamt fĂŒr Verfassungsschutz
14242:"Verfassungsschutzbericht 2018"
13903:
13877:
13857:
13837:
13817:
13795:
13754:
13732:
13677:
13663:
13606:
13585:Kastner, Jens (20 April 2023).
13548:
13413:
13395:
13378:
13364:
13338:
13305:
13269:
13229:
13180:
13160:
13146:
13128:
13098:
13083:
13053:
13019:
12994:
12924:Parties and Elections in Europe
12911:
12891:
12870:
12850:
12830:
12810:
12790:
12770:
12766:(in German). 13 September 2022.
12750:
12730:
12710:
12667:
12639:
12618:
12598:
12558:
12540:
12514:
12488:
12461:
12410:
12388:
12355:
12329:
12293:
12279:
12261:
12210:
12192:
12170:
12150:
12132:
12110:
12088:
12054:
12012:
12000:
11988:
11965:
11931:
11909:
11884:
11862:
11301:
11293:
11277:
11156:
11068:
11050:
10918:
10857:
10841:
10624:
10515:
10368:
10326:
10232:
10222:
10147:
5783:Vice President of the Bundestag
5700:Bundesamt fĂŒr Verfassungsschutz
5553:(VsP) also supports the party.
5342:Emanzipatorische Linke (Ema.Li)
4956:The Left North Rhine-Westphalia
4550:
4508:
4462:
4427:
4381:
4338:
4219:
4173:
4127:
3659:
3640:) are strong supporters of the
3624:, and the party has called the
713:(FDP), to scare off a possible
612:In late 2023, prominent member
468:), commonly referred to as the
17335:2007 establishments in Germany
14966:(in German). 12 February 2020.
14479:. German Bundestag. July 2019.
14187:. 4 March 2016. Archived from
13651:"The organization of the LEFT"
13497:10.1080/23739770.2014.11446604
12907:(in German). 20 February 2024.
12594:(in German). 15 November 2021.
12574:(in German). 13 November 2021.
12554:(in German). 17 December 2021.
12476:(in German). Manifesto Project
11972:Ludwig Greven (29 June 2010).
11845:
11819:
11762:
11732:
11693:
11623:
11614:
11559:indicates best result to date.
10730:
9628:
9070:
9040:
9010:
8980:
8909:
8819:
8761:
8540:
8452:
8422:
8252:
7696:
7666:
7636:
7578:
7548:
7518:
7372:with PDS confidence and supply
7027:(Deputy Governing Mayor 2002)
6860:
6714:
6678:
6600:
6490:
6378:
6342:
5531:International Marxist Tendency
5303:and Luise Neuhaus-Wartenberg.
5254:Kommunistische Plattform (KPF)
1621:2019 Thuringian state election
1500:2014 Thuringian state election
1406:who had investigated numerous
13:
1:
17380:Organisations based in Berlin
17360:Left-wing politics in Germany
15190:
14551:Verfassungsschutzbericht 2007
13067:. The Left. 23 October 2011.
12746:(in German). 13 October 2022.
12051:, Spiegel Online, 1 July 2010
11662:
5722:does not regard the party as
1977:Critique of political economy
1507:with the SPD and Greens, and
1402:, a journalist and outspoken
678:Party of Democratic Socialism
628:
577:headed by Minister-President
504:Party of Democratic Socialism
17400:Socialist parties in Germany
17370:Multi-tendency organizations
16665:Political parties in Germany
15384:
15038:, pp. 105â127, here: p. 117.
14349:(in German). 21 October 2022
14033:"Forum Democratic Socialism"
14007:"Forum Democratic Socialism"
13659:(in German). 5 January 2021.
12287:"Erfurt Party Congress 2020"
7269:
6979:
6951:
6902:
6876:
6866:
6840:
6804:
6794:
6766:
6756:
6730:
6720:
6694:
6684:
6658:
6620:
6606:
6580:
6568:
6542:
6506:
6468:
6456:
6430:
6394:
6384:
6358:
6348:
6322:
5835:have described the party as
5794:Federal Constitutional Court
5617:
5488:Communist Refoundation Party
5207:Antikapitalische Linke (AKL)
3583:reform of the United Nations
3488:. It calls for increases in
3480:The Left aims at increasing
3247:Socialist calculation debate
3217:List of socialist economists
3192:Economic calculation problem
2077:Socialist mode of production
1934:Socialist calculation debate
1747:2022 Saarland state election
1665:2021 German federal election
1651:and Thuringia branch leader
1645:COVID-19 pandemic in Germany
1643:due to the worsening of the
1155:and trade unionists founded
699:1994 German federal election
694:1998 German federal election
690:1990 German federal election
540:2021 German federal election
433:
7:
17375:Non-interventionist parties
17355:Left-wing parties in Europe
15852:European Parliament group:
15316:, Rosa Luxemburg Foundation
15251:German Politics and Society
15230:German Politics and Society
14143:(in German). Archived from
13312:Stone, Jon (11 July 2018).
12406:– via Deutsche Welle.
11941:Party Members and Activists
11919:. signandsight. 1 July 2005
11700:Raphaël FÚvre, ed. (2021).
11580:
7451:(Minister-President 2014â)
5525:, were initially rejected.
5314:Ăkologische Plattform (ĂPF)
1824:2023 Hessian state election
1700:proportional representation
10:
17421:
17078:Bergpartei, die ĂberPartei
17058:Animal Protection Alliance
15843:Party of the European Left
15217:. PropylÀen, Berlin 2009,
14382:(in German). 16 July 2018.
14011:Forum Democratic Socialism
13885:"akl Anti-Capitalist Left"
13873:(in German). 26 June 2022.
13833:(in German). 15 June 2018.
13693:(in German). 25 June 2022.
13026:Cockburn, Cynthia (2012).
12726:(in German). 26 June 2022.
11857:Princeton University Press
11795:Tangian, Andranik (2013).
11597:Communist Party of Germany
10551:
10019:
5277:Democratic Socialist Forum
4575:19 February 2024
4522:12 November 2019
4497:12 November 2019
4290:27 February 2021
4254:27 February 2021
3468:, and is considered to be
1839:Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance
1816:2023 Bremen state election
1812:Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin
1808:2023 Berlin state election
1724:Berlin-Marzahn-Hellersdorf
1378:, favourite of Chancellor
1361:2010 presidential election
632:
623:
583:Party of the European Left
500:political party in Germany
484:[diËËlÉȘĆkspaÊËtaÉȘ]
363:Heads of State Governments
269:Party of the European Left
17345:Anti-militarism in Europe
17196:
17046:above the district level)
17043:
16982:
16923:
16913:
16824:
16757:
16745:
16671:
16621:
16590:
16569:
16491:
16460:
16335:
16259:
16159:
15864:
15850:
15790:
15749:
15708:
15687:
15651:
15633:
15610:
15596:
15582:
15568:
15534:
15500:
15466:
15443:
15420:
15413:
15394:
15307:The New German Left Party
15065:, pp. 57â72, here: p. 59.
14982:Radical Parties in Europe
14556:20 September 2008 at the
14447:(in German). 7 June 2018.
13781:"Membership Figures 2022"
13277:"Key Programmatic Points"
13105:Sara Ceyhan, ed. (2020).
13049:– via Google Books.
12224:Federal Returning Officer
11961:– via Google Books.
11944:. Routledge. p. 85.
11602:Merger of the KPD and SPD
11574:Senior coalition partner
11264:
11230:
11217:
11209:
11201:
11185:
11164:
11128:
11011:
10998:
10982:
10974:
10934:
10910:
10820:
10804:
10783:
10767:
10744:
10704:
10578:
10531:
10512:
10499:
10491:
10470:
10442:
10440:
10401:
10399:
10391:
10389:
10344:
10336:
10324:
10316:
10313:
10287:
10277:
10269:
10219:
10217:
10201:
10194:
10192:
10190:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10137:
10127:
10117:
10114:
10099:
10092:
10090:
10083:
10081:
10079:
10077:
10067:
10059:
10055:
10050:
10036:
10034:
10030:
8320:
7440:LeftâSPDâGreens minority
6225:
6180:
5955:
5952:
5949:
5946:
5943:
5940:
5600:Free University of Berlin
5557:Membership and electorate
5533:(IMT) in Germany, pursue
5465:Sozialistische Linke (SL)
5319:A current which promotes
5148:
4543:
4532:6 December 2023
4487:13 October 2015
4464:
4451:13 October 2015
4441:27 October 2009
4429:
4416:27 October 2009
4406:18 October 2005
4370:
4278:
4116:
3713:Rosa Luxemburg Foundation
3683:The 2022 party conference
3646:Luhansk People's Republic
3642:Donetsk People's Republic
3242:Socialism and LGBT rights
2186:Socialist-oriented market
2134:Socialist planned economy
2037:Material balance planning
1421:, and suffered losses in
1144:BĂŒndnis Sahra Wagenknecht
1129:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1109:
1091:
1089:
1079:
1056:
1054:
1044:
1042:
1022:
1020:
989:
987:
977:
975:
957:
951:
947:
938:
936:
934:
915:
913:
897:
895:
881:
879:
848:
846:
830:
828:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
804:
794:
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
780:
778:
776:
618:BĂŒndnis Sahra Wagenknecht
412:
394:
389:
380:
375:
361:
347:
333:
319:
305:
286:
276:European Parliament group
274:
262:
250:
234:
218:
206:
194:
189:Rosa Luxemburg Foundation
182:
168:
154:
139:
129:
100:
79:
70:
58:
17173:Socialist Equality Party
16327:Democratic Left Scotland
16291:RĂ©publique et socialisme
15312:27 February 2008 at the
14533:20 February 2008 at the
12064:. Focus.de. 17 June 2010
11638:Tolerating an SPDâGreen
11607:
11569:Junior coalition partner
5879:Association with the SED
5702:, abbreviated as BfV or
5671:
5407:Marxistisches Forum (MF)
4016:BĂ€rbel Schindler-Saefkow
3817:Federal Party Secretary
3620:has described Russia as
3575:World Trade Organization
2181:Socialist market economy
2106:Workers' self-management
2072:Socialism in one country
1919:Age of the Enlightenment
1761:state elections in May.
63:
31:latest accepted revision
16939:(15/16; not in Bavaria)
16570:Other prominent figures
16531:Luigi Alberto Colajanni
15772:Redâredâgreen coalition
15263:10.3167/gps.2009.270206
15242:10.3167/gps.2008.260303
15180:Der Tagesspiegel Online
14989:45 (2008) 47, p. 12â18.
14690:Der Tagesspiegel Online
14603:22 January 2009 at the
13561:Der Tagesspiegel Online
12959:Oxford University Press
12955:European Union Politics
12655:(in German). 9 May 2022
12098:. Stern.de. 1 July 2010
12025:Der Tagesspiegel Online
11708:Oxford University Press
11680:"Mitgliederzahlen 2023"
8323:*) five votes per voter
5870:by researchers such as
5177:Alternative for Germany
5173:European refugee crisis
4371:Bundestag chairpersons
4317:20 April 2022
4300:20 April 2022
3948:The Council of Elders (
3910:Tupac Orellana Mardones
3552:redâredâgreen coalition
3387:The Left advocates for
3182:Criticism of capitalism
2193:Participatory economics
2027:Labour-time calculation
1801:2024 European elections
1673:redâredâgreen coalition
1505:red-red-green coalition
715:redâredâgreen coalition
652:. The SED gave up its "
650:fall of the Berlin Wall
571:Social Democratic Party
514:ruling party of former
252:Political position
17286:North Rhine-Westphalia
17133:MarxistâLeninist Party
17118:German Communist Party
16914:Represented in the 16
16751:(96 seats for Germany)
15700:North Rhine-Westphalia
15641:Susanne Hennig-Wellsow
15584:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
15404:
14260:"Netzwerk Reformlinke"
12591:Norddeutscher Rundfunk
12571:Norddeutscher Rundfunk
8774:North Rhine-Westphalia
8495:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
7458:State results timeline
7225:North Rhine-Westphalia
7184:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
6654:North Rhine-Westphalia
6616:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
5897:
5841:
5829:
5809:Extremism and populism
5766:
5712:intelligence-gathering
5666:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
5655:North Rhine-Westphalia
5627:
5547:German Communist Party
4951:North Rhine-Westphalia
4904:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
4352:25 June 2022
4327:25 June 2022
4275:Susanne Hennig-Wellsow
4152:16 June 2007
3684:
3676:
3462:
3395:. The Left is vocally
3187:Criticism of socialism
2139:Decentralized planning
2042:Peerâtoâpeer economics
1820:BĂŒrgerschaft of Bremen
1759:North Rhine-Westphalia
1739:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
1653:Susanne Hennig-Wellsow
1583:North Rhine-Westphalia
1558:
1489:Hessian state election
1477:
1439:North Rhine-Westphalia
1338:North Rhine-Westphalia
1325:
1203:
1190:
563:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
479:
465:
143:16 June 2007
51:German political party
17068:Basic Income Alliance
15731:Socialist Alternative
15007:The Political Opinion
14059:"Ecological Platform"
13476:Gysi, Gregor (2014).
11770:"Bundestagswahl 2021"
11740:"Bundestagswahl 2013"
5747:Socialist Alternative
5625:
5519:Socialist Alternative
5394:social market economy
5349:libertarian socialist
5215:coalition governments
4244:2 June 2012
4208:2 June 2012
4198:15 May 2010
4162:15 May 2010
4117:Federal chairpersons
3993:Ursula Schumm-Garling
3682:
3667:
3472:by some researchers.
3391:as an alternative to
1861:Ideology and platform
1704:direct constituencies
1659:2021 federal election
1606:Bremen state election
1563:2017 federal election
1556:2017 federal election
1553:
1546:2017 federal election
1482:2013 federal election
1475:2013 federal election
1472:
1465:2013 federal election
1323:2009 federal election
1320:
1313:2009 federal election
1237:2005 federal election
711:Free Democratic Party
445:by some news outlets.
17290:Rhineland-Palatinate
17143:VerjĂŒngungsforschung
15801:Socialism portal
15709:Related associations
15182:. 27 September 2007.
14831:. 19 September 2013.
14402:. 28 September 2021.
13967:"Communist Platform"
13889:Anti-Capitalist Left
13293:on 27 September 2007
13176:. 17 September 2009.
13002:"BAG Antifaschismus"
12706:. 19 September 2022.
12231:on 25 September 2013
12163:Agence France-Presse
11997:, n-tv, 28 June 2010
11892:"Parteien nach 1989"
11851:Mary Elise Sarotte,
8935:Rhineland-Palatinate
7256:Rhineland-Palatinate
6691:Rhineland-Palatinate
5930:Federal Parliament (
5539:Fourth International
5529:, supporters of the
5427:Netzwerk Reformlinke
5293:Forum Second Renewal
5289:democratic socialist
5202:Anti-Capitalist Left
5122:Ulrike Grosse-Röthig
4981:Rhineland-Palatinate
4741:The Left Brandenburg
3654:Ursula von der Leyen
3591:European integration
3511:hydraulic fracturing
3403:. As a platform for
3389:democratic socialism
3337:Communism portal
3320:Socialism portal
2012:Industrial democracy
1962:Collective ownership
1517:Landtag of Thuringia
1415:Rhineland-Palatinate
1243:of the CDU and SPD.
607:European integration
605:, and is neutral on
497:democratic socialist
264:European affiliation
241:Democratic socialism
173:Karl-Liebknecht-Haus
17098:Democracy in Motion
16748:European Parliament
16746:Represented in the
16672:Represented in the
16598:European Parliament
16492:European Parliament
15544:Sabine Boeddinghaus
15294:Programmatic Points
14963:SĂŒddeutsche Zeitung
14813:. 20 November 2014.
14266:on 26 February 2018
14159:"Emancipatory Left"
14115:Ecological Platform
14089:Ecological Platform
13853:. 11 November 2022.
13825:"The new confusion"
13374:. 9 September 2021.
13156:. 20 November 2014.
12866:. 14 November 2023.
12786:. 13 February 2023.
12528:. 27 September 2021
12325:. 27 February 2021.
12166:. 26 February 2012.
12146:. 26 February 2012.
11744:Bundestagswahl 2021
11653:minority government
11640:minority government
7177:Kreszentia Flauger
6988:Fritz Schmalzbauer
6913:
6284:State Parliaments (
6125:European Parliament
5422:Reform Left Network
5309:Ecological Platform
5229:, Cornelia Hirsch,
4711:Maximilian Schirmer
4665:Kathrin Flach-Gomez
3801:Lorenz Gösta Beutin
3790:Deputy Party Chair
3614:Russo-Ukrainian War
3547:collective security
3513:, the rejection of
3482:government spending
3222:Market abolitionism
3207:Left-libertarianism
2144:Inclusive Democracy
2111:Workplace democracy
1957:Calculation in kind
1939:Socialist economics
1929:Revolutions of 1848
1733:State elections in
1696:electoral threshold
1540:2016 state election
662:Peaceful Revolution
591:European Parliament
417:Politics of Germany
349:European Parliament
113:Lorenz Gösta Beutin
101:Deputy Chairpersons
21:Page version status
17405:Opposition to NATO
17365:Left-wing populism
17330:The Left (Germany)
17298:Schleswig-Holstein
17257:Schleswig-Holstein
17016:Schleswig-Holstein
15777:Christine Buchholz
15716:Communist Platform
15476:Kathrin Dannenberg
14774:. 5 December 2014.
13392:. 8 December 2016.
13142:. 5 December 2014.
12846:. 24 October 2023.
12307:. 23 January 2021.
11651:Tolerating an SPD
9523:Schleswig-Holstein
7398:Schleswig-Holstein
7330:Opposition Leader
7300:Opposition Leader
6909:
6837:Schleswig-Holstein
6182:The Left - GUE/NGL
5868:left-wing populist
5863:extremist groups.
5799:Thomas de MaiziĂšre
5728:Communist Platform
5659:Schleswig-Holstein
5628:
5509:Christine Buchholz
5248:Communist Platform
5090:Schleswig-Holstein
4110:Leadership history
4045:Heiner Halberstadt
4001:Council of Elders
3990:Wolfgang Grabowski
3869:Kerstin Eisenreich
3861:Christine Buchholz
3834:Federal Treasurer
3685:
3677:
3599:war in Afghanistan
3470:left-wing populist
3405:left-wing politics
3227:Marxist philosophy
2047:Production for use
2017:Inputâoutput model
1982:Economic democracy
1814:; further, in the
1755:Schleswig-Holstein
1579:Schleswig-Holstein
1559:
1513:Minister-President
1478:
1435:Schleswig-Holstein
1372:War in Afghanistan
1326:
1295:Schleswig-Holstein
1283:European elections
595:left-wing populism
301:Purple (customary)
245:Left-wing populism
27:
17317:
17316:
17270:Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
17039:
17038:
16916:state parliaments
16909:
16908:
16896:Party of Progress
16631:
16630:
16561:Martin Schirdewan
16516:RenĂ©-Ămile Piquet
16468:Fausto Bertinotti
16456:
16455:
15808:
15807:
15767:Redâred coalition
15762:Neues Deutschland
15647:
15646:
15435:Amira Mohamed Ali
15223:978-3-549-07329-2
15203:David F. Patton.
15063:978-3-8487-2522-9
15036:978-3-8309-2444-9
15022:Florian Hartleb:
14499:. 2 October 2021.
14465:on 15 April 2016.
14444:Neues Deutschland
14141:Emancipatory Left
13870:Neues Deutschland
13830:Neues Deutschland
12968:978-0-19-969475-4
12826:. 9 October 2023.
12275:. 29 August 2020.
12027:. Tagesspiegel.de
12009:, Manager Magazin
11812:978-3-642-38724-1
11721:978-0-197-60780-0
11578:
11577:
9763:
9762:
9754:
9753:
9636:
9635:
9514:
9513:
9505:
9504:
9357:
9356:
9235:
9234:
9226:
9225:
9078:
9077:
8926:
8925:
8917:
8916:
8769:
8768:
8647:
8646:
8638:
8637:
8490:
8489:
8338:
8337:
8329:
8328:
8325:
8172:
8171:
8020:
8019:
8011:
8010:
7865:
7864:
7713:
7712:
7704:
7703:
7586:
7585:
7473:Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
7463:State parliaments
7455:
7454:
7374:
6938:Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
6907:
6906:
6319:Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
6295:State parliament
6281:
6280:
6227:Martin Schirdewan
6122:
6121:
5907:Landtag of Saxony
5885:Sahra Wagenknecht
5860:Karl-Rudolf Korte
5803:Verfassungsschutz
5754:Verfassungsschutz
5743:Verfassungsschutz
5720:Verfassungsschutz
5704:Verfassungsschutz
5590:
5589:
5515:
5514:
5476:reform communists
5365:radical democracy
5337:Emancipatory Left
5269:Sahra Wagenknecht
5169:Sahra Wagenknecht
5159:Internal factions
5156:
5155:
5096:Susanne Spethmann
4964:Sascha H. Wagner
4885:Franziska Junker
4746:Katharina Slanina
4700:Franziska Brychcy
4625:Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
4589:
4588:
4518:Amira Mohamed Ali
4483:Sahra Wagenknecht
4366:
4365:
4348:Martin Schirdewan
4107:
4106:
3980:Christina Emmrich
3946:
3945:
3781:Martin Schirdewan
3721:Sahra Wagenknecht
3673:Martin Schirdewan
3605:, as well as the
3505:laws and empower
3385:
3384:
3177:Communist society
3149:Socialist parties
2408:Saint-Simonianism
1997:Equal opportunity
1987:Economic planning
1924:French Revolution
1835:Amira Mohamed Ali
1783:Martin Schirdewan
1775:Sahra Wagenknecht
1718:of the Bundestag
1637:government crisis
1602:European election
1419:Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
1342:May 2010 election
1139:
1138:
733:PDSâWASG alliance
672:national leader.
614:Sahra Wagenknecht
532:Martin Schirdewan
450:
449:
422:Political parties
335:State Parliaments
92:Martin Schirdewan
39:28 September 2024
18:
17412:
17310:
17301:
17260:
17247:
17222:
17210:
16984:Regional parties
16921:
16920:
16755:
16754:
16658:
16651:
16644:
16635:
16634:
16625:Transform Europe
16623:Eurofoundation:
16501:Giorgio Amendola
16494:Group presidents
16461:Party presidents
16446:
16445:
16434:
16433:
16422:
16421:
16410:
16409:
16398:
16397:
16386:
16385:
16374:
16373:
16362:
16361:
16350:
16349:
16338:
16325:
16324:
16313:
16312:
16301:
16300:
16284:
16283:
16272:
16271:
16249:
16248:
16237:
16236:
16220:
16219:
16208:
16207:
16196:
16195:
16184:
16183:
16172:
16171:
16160:Observer parties
16149:
16148:
16137:
16136:
16125:
16124:
16103:
16102:
16091:
16090:
16079:
16078:
16067:
16066:
16050:
16049:
16038:
16037:
16026:
16025:
16014:
16013:
16002:
16001:
15990:
15989:
15973:
15972:
15956:
15955:
15944:
15943:
15932:
15931:
15920:
15919:
15908:
15907:
15898:Spravedlivyj Mir
15896:
15895:
15884:
15883:
15869:
15868:
15857:
15844:
15835:
15828:
15821:
15812:
15811:
15803:
15799:
15798:
15750:Related articles
15726:Left Youth Solid
15590:Simone Oldenburg
15556:
15527:
15510:Sofia Leonidakis
15492:Sebastian Walter
15488:
15418:
15417:
15408:
15402:
15388:
15379:
15372:
15365:
15356:
15355:
15329:
15290:
15287:
15282:
15281:
15279:Official website
15266:
15245:
15196:Dominic Heilig,
15184:
15183:
15172:
15166:
15165:
15163:
15161:
15150:
15144:
15143:
15141:
15139:
15123:
15117:
15116:
15102:
15096:
15090:
15084:
15083:
15082:. 18 April 2011.
15080:Der Tagesspiegel
15072:
15066:
15045:
15039:
15020:
15014:
14996:
14990:
14974:
14968:
14967:
14954:
14948:
14940:
14934:
14926:
14920:
14919:
14914:
14912:
14897:
14891:
14890:
14885:
14883:
14868:
14862:
14861:
14856:
14854:
14849:. 4 January 2019
14839:
14833:
14832:
14821:
14815:
14814:
14803:
14797:
14796:
14782:
14776:
14775:
14764:
14758:
14751:, and a rebuke:
14730:
14724:
14723:
14721:
14719:
14708:
14702:
14701:
14699:
14697:
14682:
14676:
14675:
14668:
14662:
14658:
14652:
14651:
14649:
14647:
14636:
14630:
14629:
14627:
14625:
14614:
14608:
14595:
14589:
14583:
14577:
14571:
14562:
14547:
14541:
14525:
14519:
14518:
14507:
14501:
14500:
14487:
14481:
14480:
14473:
14467:
14466:
14455:
14449:
14448:
14435:
14426:
14425:
14423:
14421:
14410:
14404:
14403:
14390:
14384:
14383:
14370:
14359:
14358:
14356:
14354:
14337:
14324:
14323:
14321:
14319:
14308:
14302:
14301:
14299:
14297:
14286:"Socialist Left"
14282:
14276:
14275:
14273:
14271:
14256:
14250:
14249:
14238:
14229:
14228:
14226:
14224:
14218:
14212:. Archived from
14207:
14199:
14193:
14192:
14191:on 4 March 2016.
14181:
14175:
14174:
14172:
14170:
14155:
14149:
14148:
14147:on 7 March 2021.
14133:
14127:
14126:
14124:
14122:
14107:
14101:
14100:
14098:
14096:
14081:
14075:
14074:
14072:
14070:
14055:
14049:
14048:
14046:
14044:
14029:
14023:
14022:
14020:
14018:
14003:
13997:
13996:
13989:
13983:
13982:
13980:
13978:
13963:
13957:
13956:
13950:
13942:
13927:
13926:
13924:
13922:
13907:
13901:
13900:
13898:
13896:
13881:
13875:
13874:
13861:
13855:
13854:
13841:
13835:
13834:
13821:
13815:
13814:
13812:
13810:
13799:
13793:
13792:
13790:
13788:
13777:
13766:
13765:
13758:
13752:
13751:
13749:
13747:
13736:
13730:
13729:
13727:
13725:
13710:
13695:
13694:
13681:
13675:
13674:
13671:"Party Congress"
13667:
13661:
13660:
13647:
13618:
13617:
13610:
13604:
13603:
13601:
13599:
13582:
13573:
13572:
13570:
13568:
13552:
13546:
13545:
13543:
13541:
13530:
13524:
13523:
13521:
13519:
13513:
13507:. Archived from
13482:
13473:
13467:
13466:
13464:
13462:
13447:
13441:
13440:
13438:
13436:
13417:
13411:
13410:
13409:. 28 April 2018.
13399:
13393:
13382:
13376:
13375:
13368:
13362:
13361:
13359:
13357:
13342:
13336:
13335:
13333:
13331:
13317:
13309:
13303:
13302:
13300:
13298:
13292:
13281:
13273:
13267:
13266:
13264:
13262:
13250:
13241:
13233:
13227:
13226:
13206:
13197:
13196:
13184:
13178:
13177:
13164:
13158:
13157:
13150:
13144:
13143:
13132:
13126:
13125:
13102:
13096:
13095:
13087:
13081:
13080:
13078:
13076:
13057:
13051:
13050:
13048:
13046:
13023:
13017:
13016:
13014:
13012:
12998:
12992:
12991:
12979:
12973:
12972:
12946:
12940:
12939:
12937:
12935:
12915:
12909:
12908:
12895:
12889:
12888:
12874:
12868:
12867:
12863:Associated Press
12854:
12848:
12847:
12834:
12828:
12827:
12814:
12808:
12807:
12794:
12788:
12787:
12774:
12768:
12767:
12754:
12748:
12747:
12734:
12728:
12727:
12714:
12708:
12707:
12694:
12685:
12684:
12671:
12665:
12664:
12662:
12660:
12643:
12637:
12636:
12622:
12616:
12615:
12614:. 28 March 2022.
12602:
12596:
12595:
12582:
12576:
12575:
12562:
12556:
12555:
12544:
12538:
12537:
12535:
12533:
12518:
12512:
12511:
12509:
12507:
12492:
12486:
12485:
12483:
12481:
12465:
12459:
12458:
12456:
12454:
12439:
12430:
12429:
12427:
12425:
12414:
12408:
12407:
12405:
12403:
12392:
12386:
12385:
12383:
12381:
12367:
12359:
12353:
12352:
12350:
12348:
12333:
12327:
12326:
12315:
12309:
12308:
12297:
12291:
12290:
12283:
12277:
12276:
12265:
12259:
12258:
12247:
12241:
12240:
12238:
12236:
12227:. Archived from
12214:
12208:
12207:
12196:
12190:
12189:
12187:
12185:
12174:
12168:
12167:
12154:
12148:
12147:
12136:
12130:
12129:
12127:
12125:
12114:
12108:
12107:
12105:
12103:
12092:
12086:
12080:
12074:
12073:
12071:
12069:
12058:
12052:
12046:
12037:
12036:
12034:
12032:
12016:
12010:
12004:
11998:
11992:
11986:
11985:
11983:
11981:
11969:
11963:
11962:
11960:
11958:
11935:
11929:
11928:
11926:
11924:
11913:
11907:
11906:
11904:
11902:
11888:
11882:
11881:
11879:
11877:
11866:
11860:
11849:
11843:
11842:
11840:
11838:
11823:
11817:
11816:
11792:
11786:
11785:
11783:
11781:
11774:Bundeswahlleiter
11766:
11760:
11759:
11757:
11755:
11736:
11730:
11729:
11697:
11691:
11690:
11688:
11686:
11676:
11656:
11649:
11643:
11636:
11630:
11627:
11621:
11618:
11573:
11568:
11563:
11547:
11546:
11534:
11533:
11521:
11520:
11508:
11507:
11495:
11494:
11482:
11481:
11469:
11468:
11456:
11455:
11443:
11442:
11430:
11429:
11417:
11416:
11404:
11403:
11391:
11390:
11378:
11377:
11365:
11364:
11352:
11351:
11337:
11336:
11324:
11323:
11306:
11305:
11298:
11297:
11290:
11289:
11282:
11281:
11269:
11268:
11262:
11259:
11256:
11251:
11250:
11243:
11242:
11235:
11234:
11222:
11221:
11214:
11213:
11206:
11205:
11199:
11196:
11190:
11189:
11177:
11176:
11169:
11168:
11161:
11160:
11154:
11151:
11148:
11143:
11142:
11133:
11132:
11125:
11124:
11113:
11110:
11107:
11099:
11098:
11092:
11089:
11086:
11073:
11072:
11065:
11064:
11055:
11054:
11047:
11046:
11039:
11038:
11024:
11023:
11016:
11015:
11003:
11002:
10995:
10994:
10987:
10986:
10979:
10978:
10972:
10969:
10966:
10960:
10959:
10947:
10946:
10939:
10938:
10931:
10930:
10923:
10922:
10915:
10914:
10903:
10900:
10897:
10891:
10890:
10883:
10882:
10876:
10873:
10862:
10861:
10854:
10853:
10846:
10845:
10838:
10837:
10825:
10824:
10817:
10816:
10809:
10808:
10801:
10800:
10788:
10787:
10780:
10779:
10772:
10771:
10759:
10758:
10749:
10748:
10741:
10740:
10733:
10732:
10725:
10724:
10717:
10716:
10709:
10708:
10694:
10693:
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10684:
10673:
10672:
10663:
10662:
10655:
10654:
10645:
10644:
10637:
10636:
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10619:
10618:
10609:
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10570:
10569:
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10536:
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10519:
10504:
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10488:
10487:
10465:
10464:
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10446:
10435:
10434:
10427:
10426:
10415:
10412:
10406:
10405:
10396:
10395:
10381:
10380:
10373:
10372:
10366:
10363:
10357:
10356:
10341:
10340:
10331:
10330:
10305:
10304:
10295:
10294:
10285:
10282:
10274:
10273:
10266:
10265:
10258:
10257:
10250:
10249:
10237:
10236:
10227:
10226:
10214:
10213:
10173:
10172:
10160:
10159:
10152:
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10144:
10143:
10134:
10133:
10124:
10123:
10111:
10110:
10011:
10010:
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9997:
9985:
9984:
9972:
9971:
9959:
9958:
9946:
9945:
9933:
9932:
9920:
9919:
9907:
9906:
9894:
9893:
9881:
9880:
9868:
9867:
9855:
9854:
9842:
9841:
9829:
9828:
9816:
9815:
9801:
9800:
9788:
9787:
9773:
9772:
9769:Results timeline
9749:
9748:
9741:
9719:
9718:
9711:
9689:
9688:
9681:
9645:
9644:
9631:
9630:
9623:
9601:
9600:
9593:
9571:
9570:
9563:
9527:
9526:
9518:
9500:
9499:
9492:
9470:
9469:
9462:
9440:
9439:
9432:
9410:
9409:
9402:
9366:
9365:
9352:
9351:
9344:
9322:
9321:
9314:
9292:
9291:
9284:
9248:
9247:
9239:
9221:
9220:
9213:
9191:
9190:
9183:
9161:
9160:
9153:
9131:
9130:
9123:
9087:
9086:
9073:
9072:
9065:
9043:
9042:
9035:
9013:
9012:
9005:
8983:
8982:
8975:
8939:
8938:
8930:
8912:
8911:
8904:
8882:
8881:
8874:
8852:
8851:
8844:
8822:
8821:
8814:
8778:
8777:
8764:
8763:
8756:
8734:
8733:
8726:
8704:
8703:
8696:
8660:
8659:
8651:
8633:
8632:
8625:
8603:
8602:
8595:
8573:
8572:
8565:
8543:
8542:
8535:
8499:
8498:
8485:
8484:
8477:
8455:
8454:
8447:
8425:
8424:
8417:
8395:
8394:
8387:
8351:
8350:
8342:
8321:
8315:
8314:
8307:
8285:
8284:
8277:
8255:
8254:
8247:
8225:
8224:
8217:
8181:
8180:
8167:
8166:
8159:
8137:
8136:
8129:
8107:
8106:
8099:
8077:
8076:
8069:
8033:
8032:
8024:
8006:
8005:
7998:
7978:
7977:
7970:
7948:
7947:
7940:
7918:
7917:
7910:
7874:
7873:
7860:
7859:
7852:
7830:
7829:
7822:
7800:
7799:
7792:
7770:
7769:
7762:
7726:
7725:
7717:
7699:
7698:
7691:
7669:
7668:
7661:
7639:
7638:
7631:
7595:
7594:
7581:
7580:
7573:
7551:
7550:
7543:
7521:
7520:
7513:
7477:
7476:
7468:
7433:
7405:
7387:
7370:
7361:
7343:
7323:
7309:Oskar Lafontaine
7293:
7263:
7249:BĂ€rbel Beuermann
7233:
7226:
7212:
7192:
7185:
7162:
7128:
7098:
7077:SPDâGreensâLeft
7070:
7040:
7021:
7001:
6973:
6945:
6914:
6908:
6899:
6898:
6891:
6863:
6862:
6855:
6827:
6826:
6819:
6792:
6790:
6789:
6781:
6753:
6752:
6745:
6717:
6716:
6709:
6681:
6680:
6673:
6655:
6643:
6642:
6635:
6617:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6595:
6571:
6565:
6564:
6557:
6529:
6528:
6521:
6497:SPDâGreensâLeft
6493:
6492:
6485:
6479:
6459:
6453:
6452:
6445:
6417:
6416:
6409:
6381:
6380:
6373:
6345:
6344:
6337:
6292:
6291:
6276:
6275:
6268:
6248:
6247:
6240:
6215:
6214:
6207:
6174:
6129:
6128:
6114:
6113:
6106:
6077:
6076:
6069:
6040:
6039:
6032:
6003:
6002:
5995:
5938:
5937:
5925:Election results
5911:German Unity Day
5892:
5844:
5834:
5779:Halina Wawzyniak
5777:, deputy leader
5771:
5572:
5571:
5564:
5486:and the Italian
5466:
5450:Halina Wawzyniak
5434:social democracy
5428:
5408:
5387:
5369:social movements
5363:. They advocate
5343:
5315:
5283:
5261:orthodox Marxist
5255:
5208:
5190:
5189:
5175:and rise of the
5141:
5133:Christian Schaft
5130:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5098:Luca Grimminger
5088:
5086:
5085:
5073:
5054:
5052:
5051:
5039:Stefan Hartmann
5027:
5025:
5024:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4934:
4923:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4860:
4843:
4841:
4840:
4828:
4817:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4785:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4750:Sebastian Walter
4734:
4732:
4731:
4719:
4708:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4676:
4657:
4655:
4654:
4640:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4599:
4598:
4582:
4580:
4568:
4560:Heidi Reichinnek
4557:
4539:
4537:
4529:
4527:
4515:
4504:
4502:
4494:
4492:
4480:
4469:
4458:
4456:
4448:
4446:
4434:
4423:
4421:
4413:
4411:
4402:Oskar Lafontaine
4399:
4388:
4368:
4367:
4359:
4357:
4345:
4334:
4332:
4324:
4322:
4307:
4305:
4297:
4295:
4283:
4272:
4261:
4259:
4251:
4249:
4237:
4226:
4215:
4213:
4205:
4203:
4191:
4180:
4169:
4167:
4159:
4157:
4148:Oskar Lafontaine
4145:
4134:
4114:
4113:
4101:
4090:
4075:
4064:
4053:
4042:
4034:Wolfgang Gehrcke
4031:
4023:Joachim Bischoff
4010:Friederun Fessen
3988:
3955:
3954:
3931:
3907:Dana LĂŒtzkendorf
3889:
3877:
3846:
3829:
3758:
3757:
3741:Oskar Lafontaine
3705:Left Youth Solid
3622:state capitalist
3467:
3417:social democrats
3377:
3370:
3363:
3349:Organized Labour
3347:
3346:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3318:
3317:
3262:Workers' council
2899:Gracchi Brothers
2423:Social democracy
2166:Market socialism
2154:Project Cybersyn
2082:Soviet democracy
2067:Social ownership
2022:Internationalism
2002:Free association
1972:Common ownership
1888:
1865:
1864:
1843:Heidi Reichinnek
1826:, The Left were
1796:Die Tageszeitung
1781:(GUE/NGL) group
1751:Oskar Lafontaine
1717:
1702:as it won three
1625:Thomas Kemmerich
1330:federal election
1247:Party foundation
1208:Oskar Lafontaine
1198:
1185:
1161:Gerhard Schröder
1153:Social Democrats
740:
739:
705:, including the
544:Heidi Reichinnek
512:MarxistâLeninist
494:
493:
492:
486:
477:
460:
436:
408:
403:
400:
398:
385:
370:
356:
342:
328:
314:
300:
292:
229:
228:
222:
213:Left Youth Solid
150:
148:
75:
56:
55:
17420:
17419:
17415:
17414:
17413:
17411:
17410:
17409:
17320:
17319:
17318:
17313:
17305:
17302:
17264:
17261:
17251:
17248:
17226:
17223:
17214:
17211:
17201:
17192:
17163:The Republicans
17153:Party of Reason
17045:
17035:
17002:BVB/Free Voters
16978:
16905:
16820:
16750:
16741:
16676:
16667:
16662:
16632:
16627:
16617:
16586:
16565:
16526:Joaquim Miranda
16521:Alekos Alavanos
16511:Gianni Cervetti
16493:
16487:
16452:
16440:
16428:
16416:
16404:
16392:
16380:
16368:
16356:
16344:
16336:
16331:
16319:
16307:
16295:
16278:
16266:
16260:Partner parties
16255:
16243:
16231:
16214:
16202:
16190:
16178:
16166:
16155:
16143:
16131:
16127:PdA/PST-POP/PSL
16119:
16097:
16085:
16073:
16061:
16044:
16032:
16020:
16008:
15996:
15984:
15967:
15950:
15938:
15926:
15914:
15902:
15890:
15878:
15860:
15855:
15846:
15842:
15839:
15809:
15804:
15793:
15792:
15786:
15745:
15704:
15683:
15674:Katina Schubert
15643:
15629:
15620:Thomas Lippmann
15606:
15592:
15578:
15564:
15546:
15530:
15517:
15496:
15478:
15462:
15439:
15430:Dietmar Bartsch
15409:
15398:
15396:
15390:
15386:
15383:
15327:
15314:Wayback Machine
15298:Wayback Machine
15288:
15277:
15276:
15273:
15193:
15188:
15187:
15174:
15173:
15169:
15159:
15157:
15152:
15151:
15147:
15137:
15135:
15134:on 3 March 2012
15124:
15120:
15103:
15099:
15091:
15087:
15074:
15073:
15069:
15046:
15042:
15021:
15017:
14997:
14993:
14975:
14971:
14956:
14955:
14951:
14942:Eckhard Jesse:
14941:
14937:
14928:Richard Stöss:
14927:
14923:
14910:
14908:
14898:
14894:
14881:
14879:
14869:
14865:
14852:
14850:
14841:
14840:
14836:
14823:
14822:
14818:
14805:
14804:
14800:
14783:
14779:
14766:
14765:
14761:
14753:Richard Stöss:
14746:Eckhard Jesse:
14731:
14727:
14717:
14715:
14714:. tagesschau.de
14710:
14709:
14705:
14695:
14693:
14684:
14683:
14679:
14670:
14669:
14665:
14659:
14655:
14645:
14643:
14638:
14637:
14633:
14623:
14621:
14620:. Justiz.nrw.de
14616:
14615:
14611:
14605:Wayback Machine
14596:
14592:
14584:
14580:
14572:
14565:
14558:Wayback Machine
14548:
14544:
14535:Wayback Machine
14526:
14522:
14509:
14508:
14504:
14489:
14488:
14484:
14475:
14474:
14470:
14457:
14456:
14452:
14437:
14436:
14429:
14419:
14417:
14412:
14411:
14407:
14392:
14391:
14387:
14372:
14371:
14362:
14352:
14350:
14339:
14338:
14327:
14317:
14315:
14310:
14309:
14305:
14295:
14293:
14284:
14283:
14279:
14269:
14267:
14258:
14257:
14253:
14248:. 26 June 2019.
14240:
14239:
14232:
14222:
14220:
14219:on 26 July 2018
14216:
14205:
14201:
14200:
14196:
14183:
14182:
14178:
14168:
14166:
14157:
14156:
14152:
14135:
14134:
14130:
14120:
14118:
14109:
14108:
14104:
14094:
14092:
14083:
14082:
14078:
14068:
14066:
14057:
14056:
14052:
14042:
14040:
14031:
14030:
14026:
14016:
14014:
14005:
14004:
14000:
13991:
13990:
13986:
13976:
13974:
13965:
13964:
13960:
13955:. 15 June 2021.
13948:
13944:
13943:
13930:
13920:
13918:
13909:
13908:
13904:
13894:
13892:
13883:
13882:
13878:
13863:
13862:
13858:
13843:
13842:
13838:
13823:
13822:
13818:
13808:
13806:
13803:"Organizations"
13801:
13800:
13796:
13786:
13784:
13779:
13778:
13769:
13760:
13759:
13755:
13745:
13743:
13738:
13737:
13733:
13723:
13721:
13712:
13711:
13698:
13690:Deutschlandfunk
13683:
13682:
13678:
13669:
13668:
13664:
13649:
13648:
13621:
13612:
13611:
13607:
13597:
13595:
13583:
13576:
13566:
13564:
13553:
13549:
13539:
13537:
13532:
13531:
13527:
13517:
13515:
13514:on 17 June 2015
13511:
13480:
13474:
13470:
13460:
13458:
13449:
13448:
13444:
13434:
13432:
13419:
13418:
13414:
13401:
13400:
13396:
13383:
13379:
13370:
13369:
13365:
13355:
13353:
13343:
13339:
13329:
13327:
13320:The Independent
13310:
13306:
13296:
13294:
13290:
13279:
13275:
13274:
13270:
13260:
13258:
13251:
13244:
13234:
13230:
13223:
13207:
13200:
13185:
13181:
13173:TheGuardian.com
13166:
13165:
13161:
13152:
13151:
13147:
13134:
13133:
13129:
13119:
13103:
13099:
13088:
13084:
13074:
13072:
13059:
13058:
13054:
13044:
13042:
13040:
13024:
13020:
13010:
13008:
13000:
12999:
12995:
12980:
12976:
12969:
12961:. p. 387.
12947:
12943:
12933:
12931:
12916:
12912:
12897:
12896:
12892:
12875:
12871:
12856:
12855:
12851:
12836:
12835:
12831:
12816:
12815:
12811:
12796:
12795:
12791:
12776:
12775:
12771:
12756:
12755:
12751:
12736:
12735:
12731:
12716:
12715:
12711:
12696:
12695:
12688:
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12370:The Independent
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11896:www.teachsam.de
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11750:on 8 April 2015
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7068:
7041:
7038:
7015:
7014:
7002:
6999:
6974:
6971:
6946:
6943:
6932:Lead Candidate
6903:No decided yet
6892:
6889:
6856:
6853:
6820:
6817:
6795:No decided yet
6785:
6782:
6779:
6746:
6743:
6710:
6707:
6674:
6671:
6653:
6636:
6633:
6615:
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6486:
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6457:
6446:
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6410:
6407:
6374:
6371:
6338:
6335:
6290:
6269:
6266:
6241:
6238:
6208:
6205:
6175:
6172:
6127:
6107:
6104:
6070:
6067:
6033:
6030:
5996:
5993:
5936:
5927:
5888:
5881:
5811:
5708:security agency
5692:
5687:
5674:
5642:, and 65.4% in
5620:
5596:
5595:
5594:
5591:
5586:
5573:
5569:
5559:
5484:Socialist Party
5480:labour movement
5464:
5462:
5426:
5424:
5406:
5404:
5385:
5383:
5341:
5339:
5313:
5311:
5301:Dietmar Bartsch
5281:
5279:
5253:
5251:
5206:
5204:
5161:
5135:
5131:
5124:
5108:
5106:
5097:
5083:
5081:
5067:
5063:
5049:
5047:
5038:
5036:Susanne Schaper
5022:
5020:
5011:Barbara Spaniol
4997:
4995:
4987:Stefan Glander
4974:
4972:
4963:
4944:
4942:
4928:
4924:
4913:
4897:
4895:
4887:Thorben Peters
4886:
4872:
4870:
4861:
4854:
4852:Christiane Böhm
4838:
4836:
4822:
4818:
4811:
4795:
4793:
4779:
4777:Christoph Spehr
4775:
4761:
4759:
4748:
4729:
4727:
4713:
4709:
4702:
4686:
4684:
4670:
4666:
4652:
4650:
4641:
4634:
4618:
4616:
4594:
4578:
4576:
4569:
4558:
4535:
4533:
4525:
4523:
4516:
4500:
4498:
4490:
4488:
4481:
4472:Dietmar Bartsch
4470:
4454:
4452:
4444:
4442:
4435:
4419:
4417:
4409:
4407:
4400:
4389:
4355:
4353:
4346:
4330:
4328:
4320:
4318:
4303:
4301:
4293:
4291:
4284:
4273:
4257:
4255:
4247:
4245:
4240:Bernd Riexinger
4238:
4227:
4211:
4209:
4201:
4199:
4192:
4181:
4165:
4163:
4155:
4153:
4146:
4135:
4112:
4103:
4095:
4093:Gregor Schirmer
4091:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4069:
4067:Hermann Klenner
4065:
4058:
4054:
4047:
4043:
4036:
4032:
4025:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4014:Evelin Nowitzki
4013:
4011:
4009:
4008:Edeltraut Felfe
4007:
4000:
3991:
3989:
3982:
3942:
3925:
3916:Luigi Pantisano
3901:Stefan Hartmann
3898:Bettina Gutperl
3883:
3871:
3840:
3823:
3806:Katina Schubert
3785:
3733:Bernd Riexinger
3725:Dietmar Bartsch
3695:, city, or (in
3662:
3531:
3490:inheritance tax
3478:
3476:Economic policy
3407:in the wake of
3401:anti-militarist
3381:
3341:
3331:
3329:
3312:
3305:
3304:
3275:
3267:
3266:
3257:Socialist state
3252:Socialist Party
3197:Economic system
3162:
3154:
3153:
3139:
3129:
3128:
2894:
2886:
2885:
2466:
2458:
2457:
2273:Democratic road
2208:
2198:
2197:
2124:
2116:
2115:
2062:Social dividend
2052:Sharing economy
1952:
1944:
1943:
1914:
1906:
1863:
1767:
1715:
1685:inheritance tax
1661:
1548:
1467:
1459:Dietmar Bartsch
1455:Bernd Riexinger
1400:Beate Klarsfeld
1376:Christian Wulff
1315:
1249:
1241:grand coalition
1194:
1191:Linkspartei.PDS
1181:
1178:electoral lists
1149:
1148:
1147:
1140:
735:
637:
631:
626:
603:anti-militarism
488:
487:
480:Die Linkspartei
473:
456:
446:
432:
431:
395:
371:
368:
357:
354:
343:
340:
329:
326:
315:
312:
298:
297:
290:
243:
220:
161:
146:
144:
125:
118:Katina Schubert
96:
66:
65:
62:
52:
47:
46:
45:
44:
43:
42:
26:
12:
11:
5:
17418:
17408:
17407:
17402:
17397:
17392:
17387:
17382:
17377:
17372:
17367:
17362:
17357:
17352:
17347:
17342:
17337:
17332:
17315:
17314:
17312:
17311:
17303:
17262:
17249:
17224:
17212:
17197:
17194:
17193:
17191:
17190:
17185:
17180:
17175:
17170:
17165:
17160:
17158:The Third Path
17155:
17150:
17145:
17140:
17135:
17130:
17125:
17120:
17115:
17110:
17108:Feminist Party
17105:
17100:
17095:
17090:
17085:
17080:
17075:
17070:
17065:
17060:
17055:
17049:
17047:
17041:
17040:
17037:
17036:
17034:
17033:
17019:
17009:
16999:
16988:
16986:
16980:
16979:
16977:
16976:
16970:
16964:
16958:
16952:
16946:
16940:
16934:
16927:
16925:
16918:
16911:
16910:
16907:
16906:
16904:
16903:
16893:
16883:
16873:
16863:
16853:
16843:
16837:
16830:
16828:
16822:
16821:
16819:
16818:
16812:
16806:
16800:
16794:
16788:
16782:
16776:
16770:
16763:
16761:
16752:
16743:
16742:
16740:
16739:
16729:
16723:
16717:
16711:
16705:
16699:
16693:
16687:
16680:
16678:
16669:
16668:
16661:
16660:
16653:
16646:
16638:
16629:
16628:
16622:
16619:
16618:
16616:
16615:
16610:
16605:
16600:
16594:
16592:
16588:
16587:
16585:
16584:
16579:
16577:Gesine Lötzsch
16573:
16571:
16567:
16566:
16564:
16563:
16558:
16553:
16548:
16543:
16538:
16533:
16528:
16523:
16518:
16513:
16508:
16503:
16497:
16495:
16489:
16488:
16486:
16485:
16480:
16478:Pierre Laurent
16475:
16470:
16464:
16462:
16458:
16457:
16454:
16453:
16451:
16450:
16438:
16426:
16414:
16402:
16390:
16378:
16366:
16354:
16341:
16339:
16337:Former members
16333:
16332:
16330:
16329:
16317:
16305:
16293:
16288:
16276:
16263:
16261:
16257:
16256:
16254:
16253:
16241:
16229:
16224:
16212:
16200:
16188:
16176:
16163:
16161:
16157:
16156:
16154:
16153:
16141:
16129:
16117:
16112:
16107:
16095:
16083:
16071:
16059:
16054:
16042:
16030:
16018:
16006:
15994:
15982:
15977:
15965:
15960:
15948:
15936:
15924:
15912:
15900:
15888:
15875:
15873:
15872:Member parties
15866:
15862:
15861:
15851:
15848:
15847:
15838:
15837:
15830:
15823:
15815:
15806:
15805:
15791:
15788:
15787:
15785:
15784:
15779:
15774:
15769:
15764:
15759:
15753:
15751:
15747:
15746:
15744:
15743:
15738:
15736:Socialist Left
15733:
15728:
15723:
15718:
15712:
15710:
15706:
15705:
15703:
15702:
15697:
15691:
15689:
15688:State branches
15685:
15684:
15682:
15681:
15676:
15671:
15669:Martina Renner
15666:
15664:Tobias PflĂŒger
15661:
15659:Ali Al-Dailami
15655:
15653:
15652:Deputy Leaders
15649:
15648:
15645:
15644:
15639:
15637:
15631:
15630:
15628:
15627:
15625:Eva von Angern
15622:
15616:
15614:
15608:
15607:
15602:
15600:
15594:
15593:
15588:
15586:
15580:
15579:
15576:Janine Wissler
15574:
15572:
15566:
15565:
15563:
15562:
15557:
15540:
15538:
15532:
15531:
15529:
15528:
15512:
15506:
15504:
15498:
15497:
15495:
15494:
15489:
15472:
15470:
15464:
15463:
15461:
15460:
15458:Carsten Schatz
15455:
15449:
15447:
15441:
15440:
15438:
15437:
15432:
15426:
15424:
15415:
15411:
15410:
15395:
15392:
15391:
15382:
15381:
15374:
15367:
15359:
15353:
15352:
15346:
15340:
15335:
15330:
15322:
15317:
15302:
15301:
15291:
15272:
15271:External links
15269:
15268:
15267:
15246:
15225:
15211:Hubertus Knabe
15208:
15201:
15192:
15189:
15186:
15185:
15167:
15145:
15118:
15097:
15085:
15067:
15047:Frank Decker:
15040:
15015:
14991:
14969:
14949:
14935:
14921:
14892:
14863:
14834:
14816:
14798:
14777:
14759:
14725:
14703:
14677:
14663:
14653:
14631:
14609:
14590:
14578:
14563:
14542:
14520:
14502:
14496:Deutsche Welle
14482:
14468:
14450:
14427:
14405:
14399:Deutsche Welle
14385:
14360:
14325:
14303:
14277:
14251:
14230:
14194:
14176:
14150:
14128:
14102:
14076:
14050:
14024:
13998:
13984:
13958:
13928:
13902:
13876:
13856:
13836:
13816:
13794:
13767:
13753:
13731:
13696:
13676:
13662:
13619:
13614:"Kommissionen"
13605:
13574:
13547:
13525:
13468:
13457:on 9 June 2011
13442:
13412:
13394:
13377:
13363:
13337:
13304:
13268:
13242:
13228:
13222:978-0748665822
13221:
13198:
13179:
13159:
13145:
13127:
13117:
13097:
13082:
13052:
13038:
13018:
12993:
12974:
12967:
12941:
12910:
12890:
12869:
12849:
12829:
12823:Deutsche Welle
12809:
12806:. 15 May 2023.
12789:
12783:Deutsche Welle
12769:
12749:
12729:
12709:
12686:
12683:. 16 May 2022.
12666:
12638:
12617:
12597:
12577:
12557:
12539:
12513:
12487:
12460:
12431:
12409:
12387:
12354:
12328:
12310:
12292:
12278:
12273:Deutsche Welle
12260:
12257:. 9 June 2018.
12242:
12209:
12206:. 2 June 2012.
12191:
12169:
12149:
12131:
12109:
12087:
12075:
12053:
12038:
12011:
11999:
11987:
11964:
11950:
11930:
11908:
11883:
11861:
11844:
11818:
11811:
11787:
11761:
11731:
11720:
11692:
11667:
11666:
11664:
11661:
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11644:
11631:
11622:
11612:
11611:
11609:
11606:
11605:
11604:
11599:
11594:
11589:
11582:
11579:
11576:
11575:
11553:
11552:
11539:
11526:
11513:
11500:
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11461:
11448:
11435:
11422:
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11396:
11383:
11370:
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11329:
11316:
11313:
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11300:
11292:
11284:
11276:
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11263:
11245:
11237:
11229:
11225:
11224:
11216:
11208:
11200:
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11171:
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11127:
11119:
11115:
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11041:
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11005:
10997:
10989:
10981:
10973:
10962:
10954:
10950:
10949:
10941:
10933:
10925:
10917:
10909:
10905:
10904:
10893:
10885:
10877:
10869:
10865:
10864:
10856:
10848:
10840:
10832:
10828:
10827:
10819:
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10795:
10791:
10790:
10782:
10774:
10766:
10762:
10761:
10753:
10743:
10735:
10727:
10719:
10711:
10703:
10699:
10698:
10688:
10680:
10676:
10675:
10667:
10657:
10649:
10639:
10631:
10623:
10613:
10603:
10599:
10598:
10588:
10585:
10582:
10577:
10573:
10572:
10564:
10556:
10553:
10549:
10548:
10538:
10530:
10522:
10514:
10511:
10507:
10506:
10498:
10490:
10482:
10479:
10468:
10467:
10459:
10449:
10441:
10439:
10429:
10421:
10417:
10416:
10408:
10400:
10398:
10390:
10388:
10384:
10383:
10375:
10367:
10359:
10351:
10347:
10346:
10343:
10335:
10325:
10323:
10319:
10318:
10315:
10312:
10308:
10307:
10299:
10297:
10289:
10286:
10278:
10276:
10268:
10260:
10252:
10244:
10240:
10239:
10231:
10221:
10218:
10216:
10208:
10204:
10203:
10200:
10196:
10195:
10193:
10191:
10189:
10185:
10184:
10182:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10167:
10163:
10162:
10154:
10146:
10138:
10136:
10128:
10126:
10118:
10116:
10113:
10105:
10101:
10100:
10098:
10094:
10093:
10091:
10089:
10085:
10084:
10082:
10080:
10078:
10076:
10072:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10060:
10058:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10049:
10047:
10045:
10043:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10033:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10023:
10017:
10016:
10003:
9990:
9977:
9964:
9951:
9938:
9925:
9912:
9899:
9886:
9873:
9860:
9847:
9834:
9821:
9808:
9806:
9793:
9780:
9777:
9770:
9767:
9761:
9760:
9755:
9752:
9751:
9743:
9738:
9736:
9733:
9730:
9722:
9721:
9713:
9708:
9706:
9703:
9700:
9692:
9691:
9683:
9678:
9676:
9673:
9670:
9662:
9661:
9658:
9655:
9652:
9649:
9637:
9634:
9633:
9625:
9620:
9618:
9615:
9612:
9604:
9603:
9595:
9590:
9588:
9585:
9582:
9574:
9573:
9565:
9560:
9558:
9555:
9552:
9544:
9543:
9540:
9537:
9534:
9531:
9516:
9512:
9511:
9506:
9503:
9502:
9494:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9481:
9473:
9472:
9464:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9451:
9443:
9442:
9434:
9429:
9427:
9424:
9421:
9413:
9412:
9404:
9399:
9397:
9394:
9391:
9383:
9382:
9379:
9376:
9373:
9370:
9358:
9355:
9354:
9346:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9333:
9325:
9324:
9316:
9311:
9309:
9306:
9303:
9295:
9294:
9286:
9281:
9279:
9276:
9273:
9265:
9264:
9261:
9258:
9255:
9252:
9237:
9233:
9232:
9227:
9224:
9223:
9215:
9210:
9208:
9205:
9202:
9194:
9193:
9185:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9172:
9164:
9163:
9155:
9150:
9148:
9145:
9142:
9134:
9133:
9125:
9120:
9118:
9115:
9112:
9104:
9103:
9100:
9097:
9094:
9091:
9079:
9076:
9075:
9067:
9062:
9060:
9057:
9054:
9046:
9045:
9037:
9032:
9030:
9027:
9024:
9016:
9015:
9007:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8994:
8986:
8985:
8977:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8964:
8956:
8955:
8952:
8949:
8946:
8943:
8928:
8924:
8923:
8918:
8915:
8914:
8906:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8893:
8885:
8884:
8876:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8863:
8855:
8854:
8846:
8841:
8839:
8836:
8833:
8825:
8824:
8816:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8803:
8795:
8794:
8791:
8788:
8785:
8782:
8770:
8767:
8766:
8758:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8745:
8737:
8736:
8728:
8723:
8721:
8718:
8715:
8707:
8706:
8698:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8685:
8677:
8676:
8673:
8670:
8667:
8664:
8649:
8645:
8644:
8639:
8636:
8635:
8627:
8622:
8620:
8617:
8614:
8606:
8605:
8597:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8584:
8576:
8575:
8567:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8554:
8546:
8545:
8537:
8532:
8530:
8527:
8524:
8516:
8515:
8512:
8509:
8506:
8503:
8491:
8488:
8487:
8479:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8466:
8458:
8457:
8449:
8444:
8442:
8439:
8436:
8428:
8427:
8419:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8406:
8398:
8397:
8389:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8376:
8368:
8367:
8364:
8361:
8358:
8355:
8340:
8336:
8335:
8330:
8327:
8326:
8318:
8317:
8309:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8296:
8288:
8287:
8279:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8266:
8258:
8257:
8249:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8236:
8228:
8227:
8219:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8206:
8198:
8197:
8194:
8191:
8188:
8185:
8173:
8170:
8169:
8161:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8148:
8140:
8139:
8131:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8118:
8110:
8109:
8101:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8088:
8080:
8079:
8071:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8058:
8050:
8049:
8046:
8043:
8040:
8037:
8022:
8018:
8017:
8012:
8009:
8008:
8000:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7987:
7980:
7972:
7967:
7965:
7962:
7959:
7951:
7950:
7942:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7929:
7921:
7920:
7912:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7899:
7891:
7890:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7878:
7866:
7863:
7862:
7854:
7849:
7847:
7844:
7841:
7833:
7832:
7824:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7803:
7802:
7794:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7781:
7773:
7772:
7764:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7751:
7743:
7742:
7739:
7736:
7733:
7730:
7715:
7711:
7710:
7705:
7702:
7701:
7693:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7680:
7672:
7671:
7663:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7650:
7642:
7641:
7633:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7620:
7612:
7611:
7608:
7605:
7602:
7599:
7587:
7584:
7583:
7575:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7562:
7554:
7553:
7545:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7532:
7524:
7523:
7515:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7494:
7493:
7490:
7487:
7484:
7481:
7466:
7465:
7462:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7453:
7452:
7446:
7441:
7438:
7435:
7430:
7428:
7422:
7421:
7418:
7413:
7410:
7407:
7402:
7400:
7394:
7393:
7388:
7375:
7366:
7363:
7358:
7356:
7350:
7349:
7344:
7331:
7328:
7325:
7320:
7318:
7312:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7298:
7295:
7290:
7288:
7282:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7268:
7265:
7260:
7258:
7252:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7238:
7235:
7230:
7228:
7220:
7219:
7213:
7200:
7197:
7194:
7189:
7187:
7179:
7178:
7175:
7170:
7167:
7164:
7159:
7157:
7151:
7150:
7148:Jan Schalauske
7144:Janine Wissler
7141:
7136:
7133:
7130:
7125:
7123:
7117:
7116:
7111:
7106:
7103:
7100:
7095:
7093:
7087:
7086:
7085:Kristina Vogt
7083:
7078:
7075:
7072:
7067:
7065:
7059:
7058:
7056:Kerstin Kaiser
7053:
7048:
7045:
7042:
7037:
7035:
7029:
7028:
7022:
7009:
7006:
7003:
6998:
6996:
6990:
6989:
6986:
6981:
6978:
6975:
6970:
6968:
6962:
6961:
6958:
6953:
6950:
6947:
6942:
6940:
6934:
6933:
6930:
6927:
6926:Position/Gov.
6924:
6921:
6920:Seats / Total
6918:
6905:
6904:
6901:
6893:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6880:
6875:
6869:
6868:
6865:
6857:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6844:
6839:
6833:
6832:
6829:
6821:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6808:
6803:
6797:
6796:
6793:
6783:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6770:
6765:
6759:
6758:
6755:
6747:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6734:
6729:
6723:
6722:
6719:
6711:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6698:
6693:
6687:
6686:
6683:
6675:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6662:
6657:
6649:
6648:
6645:
6637:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6624:
6619:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6597:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6584:
6579:
6573:
6572:
6567:
6559:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6546:
6541:
6535:
6534:
6531:
6523:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6510:
6505:
6499:
6498:
6495:
6487:
6482:
6480:
6475:
6472:
6467:
6461:
6460:
6455:
6447:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6429:
6423:
6422:
6419:
6411:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6398:
6393:
6387:
6386:
6383:
6375:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6362:
6357:
6351:
6350:
6347:
6339:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6326:
6321:
6315:
6314:
6311:
6308:
6305:
6302:
6299:
6296:
6289:
6282:
6279:
6278:
6270:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6257:
6251:
6250:
6242:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6229:
6224:
6218:
6217:
6209:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6196:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6179:
6176:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6163:
6158:
6152:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6139:
6136:
6133:
6126:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6116:
6108:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6092:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6079:
6071:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6052:
6046:
6045:
6042:
6034:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6009:
6008:
6005:
5997:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5972:
5971:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5958:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5945:
5942:
5935:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5880:
5877:
5810:
5807:
5775:Gesine Lötzsch
5745:also monitors
5732:Socialist Left
5710:, tasked with
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5673:
5670:
5619:
5616:
5592:
5588:
5587:
5576:
5574:
5567:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5513:
5512:
5497:Janine Wissler
5468:
5459:Socialist Left
5454:
5453:
5446:Stefan Liebich
5430:
5418:
5417:
5410:
5398:
5397:
5389:
5377:
5376:
5345:
5333:
5332:
5321:green politics
5317:
5305:
5304:
5285:
5273:
5272:
5265:real socialism
5257:
5243:
5242:
5239:Niema Movassat
5227:Tobias PflĂŒger
5210:
5198:
5197:
5194:
5185:intersectional
5181:Bewegungslinke
5160:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5150:
5146:
5145:
5142:
5119:
5117:
5103:
5102:
5099:
5094:
5092:
5078:
5077:
5074:
5062:Janina Böttger
5060:
5058:
5044:
5043:
5040:
5033:
5031:
5017:
5016:
5013:
5008:
5006:
4992:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4969:
4968:
4965:
4961:Kathrin Vogler
4958:
4953:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4926:Vanessa MĂŒller
4908:
4906:
4892:
4891:
4888:
4883:
4881:
4867:
4866:
4863:
4862:Jakob Migenda
4849:
4847:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4806:
4804:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4772:
4770:
4756:
4755:
4752:
4743:
4738:
4724:
4723:
4720:
4697:
4695:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4663:
4661:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4629:
4627:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4593:
4592:State branches
4590:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4573:
4571:Sören Pellmann
4562:
4551:
4548:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4530:
4520:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4495:
4485:
4474:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4449:
4439:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4414:
4404:
4393:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4350:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4325:
4315:
4309:
4308:
4298:
4288:
4286:Janine Wissler
4277:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4252:
4242:
4231:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4206:
4196:
4185:
4183:Gesine Lötzsch
4174:
4171:
4170:
4160:
4150:
4139:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4012:Johanna Klages
4006:Gretchen Binus
4004:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3977:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3932:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3904:Sebastian Koch
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3878:
3866:
3863:
3858:
3857:Didem Aydurmus
3854:
3852:
3848:
3847:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3818:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3791:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3776:Janine Wissler
3772:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3669:Janine Wissler
3661:
3658:
3650:Sevim DaÄdelen
3587:European Union
3571:United Nations
3530:
3529:Foreign policy
3527:
3477:
3474:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3339:
3327:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3212:Libertarianism
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3163:
3161:Related topics
3160:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3140:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2032:Labour voucher
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1862:
1859:
1847:Sören Pellmann
1766:
1763:
1716:Vice President
1681:capital flight
1660:
1657:
1649:Janine Wissler
1547:
1544:
1466:
1463:
1388:Sigmar Gabriel
1354:Gesine Lötzsch
1314:
1311:
1264:Bremen in 2007
1248:
1245:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
949:
948:
946:
944:
939:
937:
935:
933:
928:
926:
923:
921:
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
887:
885:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
861:
859:
856:
854:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
820:
819:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
803:
801:
798:
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
775:
769:
767:
766:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
738:
737:
736:
734:
731:
727:political left
642:Erich Honecker
633:Main article:
630:
627:
625:
622:
555:eastern states
548:Sören Pellmann
528:Janine Wissler
448:
447:
430:
429:
424:
419:
413:
410:
409:
392:
391:
387:
386:
378:
377:
373:
372:
367:
365:
359:
358:
353:
351:
345:
344:
339:
337:
331:
330:
325:
323:
317:
316:
311:
309:
303:
302:
288:
284:
283:
278:
272:
271:
266:
260:
259:
254:
248:
247:
238:
232:
231:
223:
216:
215:
210:
204:
203:
198:
192:
191:
186:
180:
179:
170:
166:
165:
156:
155:Merger of
152:
151:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
124:
123:
120:
115:
110:
104:
102:
98:
97:
95:
94:
89:
87:Janine Wissler
83:
81:
77:
76:
68:
67:
60:
59:
50:
28:
22:
19:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
17417:
17406:
17403:
17401:
17398:
17396:
17393:
17391:
17388:
17386:
17383:
17381:
17378:
17376:
17373:
17371:
17368:
17366:
17363:
17361:
17358:
17356:
17353:
17351:
17348:
17346:
17343:
17341:
17338:
17336:
17333:
17331:
17328:
17327:
17325:
17308:
17304:
17299:
17295:
17291:
17287:
17283:
17279:
17275:
17271:
17267:
17263:
17258:
17254:
17250:
17245:
17241:
17237:
17233:
17229:
17225:
17221:
17217:
17213:
17208:
17204:
17200:
17199:
17195:
17189:
17186:
17184:
17181:
17179:
17176:
17174:
17171:
17169:
17166:
17164:
17161:
17159:
17156:
17154:
17151:
17149:
17148:The Humanists
17146:
17144:
17141:
17139:
17136:
17134:
17131:
17129:
17126:
17124:
17121:
17119:
17116:
17114:
17111:
17109:
17106:
17104:
17101:
17099:
17096:
17094:
17091:
17089:
17086:
17084:
17081:
17079:
17076:
17074:
17073:Bavaria Party
17071:
17069:
17066:
17064:
17061:
17059:
17056:
17054:
17051:
17050:
17048:
17042:
17031:
17027:
17023:
17020:
17017:
17013:
17010:
17007:
17003:
17000:
16997:
16994:(85; only in
16993:
16990:
16989:
16987:
16985:
16981:
16974:
16971:
16968:
16965:
16962:
16959:
16956:
16953:
16950:
16947:
16944:
16941:
16938:
16935:
16932:
16929:
16928:
16926:
16924:Major parties
16922:
16919:
16917:
16912:
16901:
16897:
16894:
16891:
16887:
16884:
16881:
16877:
16874:
16871:
16867:
16864:
16861:
16857:
16854:
16851:
16847:
16844:
16841:
16838:
16835:
16832:
16831:
16829:
16827:
16826:Minor parties
16823:
16816:
16813:
16810:
16807:
16804:
16801:
16798:
16795:
16792:
16789:
16786:
16783:
16780:
16777:
16774:
16771:
16768:
16765:
16764:
16762:
16760:
16759:Major parties
16756:
16753:
16749:
16744:
16737:
16733:
16730:
16727:
16724:
16721:
16718:
16715:
16712:
16709:
16706:
16703:
16700:
16697:
16694:
16691:
16688:
16685:
16682:
16681:
16679:
16675:
16670:
16666:
16659:
16654:
16652:
16647:
16645:
16640:
16639:
16636:
16626:
16620:
16614:
16611:
16609:
16606:
16604:
16601:
16599:
16596:
16595:
16593:
16589:
16583:
16580:
16578:
16575:
16574:
16572:
16568:
16562:
16559:
16557:
16554:
16552:
16549:
16547:
16544:
16542:
16541:Francis Wurtz
16539:
16537:
16536:Alonso Puerta
16534:
16532:
16529:
16527:
16524:
16522:
16519:
16517:
16514:
16512:
16509:
16507:
16504:
16502:
16499:
16498:
16496:
16490:
16484:
16481:
16479:
16476:
16474:
16471:
16469:
16466:
16465:
16463:
16459:
16449:
16444:
16439:
16437:
16432:
16427:
16425:
16420:
16415:
16413:
16408:
16403:
16401:
16396:
16391:
16389:
16384:
16379:
16377:
16372:
16367:
16365:
16360:
16355:
16353:
16348:
16343:
16342:
16340:
16334:
16328:
16323:
16318:
16316:
16311:
16306:
16304:
16299:
16294:
16292:
16289:
16287:
16282:
16277:
16275:
16270:
16265:
16264:
16262:
16258:
16252:
16247:
16242:
16240:
16235:
16230:
16228:
16225:
16223:
16218:
16213:
16211:
16206:
16201:
16199:
16194:
16189:
16187:
16182:
16177:
16175:
16170:
16165:
16164:
16162:
16158:
16152:
16147:
16142:
16140:
16135:
16130:
16128:
16123:
16118:
16116:
16113:
16111:
16108:
16106:
16101:
16096:
16094:
16089:
16084:
16082:
16077:
16072:
16070:
16065:
16060:
16058:
16055:
16053:
16048:
16043:
16041:
16036:
16031:
16029:
16024:
16019:
16017:
16016:European Left
16012:
16007:
16005:
16000:
15995:
15993:
15988:
15983:
15981:
15978:
15976:
15971:
15966:
15964:
15961:
15959:
15954:
15949:
15947:
15942:
15937:
15935:
15930:
15925:
15923:
15918:
15913:
15911:
15906:
15901:
15899:
15894:
15889:
15887:
15882:
15877:
15876:
15874:
15870:
15867:
15863:
15859:
15858:
15849:
15845:
15836:
15831:
15829:
15824:
15822:
15817:
15816:
15813:
15802:
15797:
15789:
15783:
15780:
15778:
15775:
15773:
15770:
15768:
15765:
15763:
15760:
15758:
15755:
15754:
15752:
15748:
15742:
15739:
15737:
15734:
15732:
15729:
15727:
15724:
15722:
15719:
15717:
15714:
15713:
15711:
15707:
15701:
15698:
15696:
15693:
15692:
15690:
15686:
15680:
15679:Ates GĂŒrpinar
15677:
15675:
15672:
15670:
15667:
15665:
15662:
15660:
15657:
15656:
15654:
15650:
15642:
15638:
15636:
15632:
15626:
15623:
15621:
15618:
15617:
15615:
15613:
15612:Saxony-Anhalt
15609:
15605:
15604:Rico Gebhardt
15601:
15599:
15595:
15591:
15587:
15585:
15581:
15577:
15573:
15571:
15567:
15561:
15560:Cansu Ăzdemir
15558:
15554:
15550:
15545:
15542:
15541:
15539:
15537:
15533:
15525:
15521:
15516:
15515:Nelson JanĂen
15513:
15511:
15508:
15507:
15505:
15503:
15499:
15493:
15490:
15486:
15482:
15477:
15474:
15473:
15471:
15469:
15465:
15459:
15456:
15454:
15451:
15450:
15448:
15446:
15442:
15436:
15433:
15431:
15428:
15427:
15425:
15423:
15419:
15416:
15412:
15406:
15401:
15393:
15389:
15380:
15375:
15373:
15368:
15366:
15361:
15360:
15357:
15350:
15347:
15344:
15341:
15339:
15336:
15334:
15331:
15326:
15323:
15321:
15318:
15315:
15311:
15308:
15305:Ingar Solty,
15304:
15303:
15299:
15295:
15292:
15286:
15280:
15275:
15274:
15264:
15260:
15257:(91): 76â91.
15256:
15252:
15247:
15243:
15239:
15236:(88): 50â68.
15235:
15231:
15226:
15224:
15220:
15216:
15212:
15209:
15206:
15202:
15199:
15195:
15194:
15181:
15177:
15171:
15155:
15149:
15133:
15129:
15122:
15114:
15113:
15108:
15101:
15094:
15089:
15081:
15077:
15071:
15064:
15060:
15056:
15055:
15050:
15044:
15037:
15033:
15029:
15025:
15019:
15012:
15008:
15004:
15000:
14995:
14988:
14984:
14983:
14978:
14973:
14965:
14964:
14959:
14953:
14947:
14946:
14939:
14933:
14932:
14925:
14918:
14907:
14903:
14896:
14889:
14878:
14874:
14867:
14860:
14848:
14844:
14838:
14830:
14826:
14820:
14812:
14808:
14802:
14794:
14793:
14788:
14781:
14773:
14769:
14763:
14757:
14756:
14750:
14749:
14743:
14739:
14735:
14729:
14713:
14707:
14691:
14687:
14681:
14673:
14667:
14661:
14657:
14641:
14635:
14619:
14613:
14606:
14602:
14599:
14594:
14587:
14582:
14575:
14570:
14568:
14560:
14559:
14555:
14552:
14546:
14540:
14537:, 2007â2015,
14536:
14532:
14529:
14524:
14516:
14512:
14506:
14498:
14497:
14492:
14486:
14478:
14472:
14464:
14460:
14454:
14446:
14445:
14440:
14434:
14432:
14415:
14409:
14401:
14400:
14395:
14389:
14381:
14380:
14375:
14369:
14367:
14365:
14348:
14347:
14342:
14336:
14334:
14332:
14330:
14313:
14307:
14291:
14287:
14281:
14265:
14261:
14255:
14247:
14243:
14237:
14235:
14215:
14211:
14204:
14203:"Report 2017"
14198:
14190:
14186:
14180:
14164:
14160:
14154:
14146:
14142:
14138:
14132:
14116:
14112:
14106:
14090:
14086:
14080:
14064:
14060:
14054:
14038:
14034:
14028:
14012:
14008:
14002:
13994:
13988:
13972:
13968:
13962:
13954:
13947:
13941:
13939:
13937:
13935:
13933:
13916:
13912:
13906:
13890:
13886:
13880:
13872:
13871:
13866:
13860:
13852:
13851:
13846:
13840:
13832:
13831:
13826:
13820:
13804:
13798:
13782:
13776:
13774:
13772:
13763:
13762:"Ăltestenrat"
13757:
13741:
13735:
13719:
13715:
13714:"Federations"
13709:
13707:
13705:
13703:
13701:
13692:
13691:
13686:
13680:
13672:
13666:
13658:
13657:
13652:
13646:
13644:
13642:
13640:
13638:
13636:
13634:
13632:
13630:
13628:
13626:
13624:
13615:
13609:
13594:
13593:
13588:
13581:
13579:
13562:
13558:
13551:
13535:
13529:
13510:
13506:
13502:
13498:
13494:
13490:
13486:
13479:
13472:
13456:
13452:
13446:
13430:
13426:
13425:Europe Elects
13422:
13416:
13408:
13404:
13398:
13391:
13387:
13381:
13373:
13367:
13352:
13348:
13341:
13325:
13321:
13316:
13308:
13289:
13285:
13278:
13272:
13256:
13249:
13247:
13239:
13232:
13224:
13218:
13214:
13213:
13205:
13203:
13194:
13190:
13183:
13175:
13174:
13169:
13163:
13155:
13149:
13141:
13137:
13131:
13124:
13120:
13118:9783030594510
13114:
13110:
13109:
13101:
13093:
13086:
13070:
13066:
13062:
13056:
13041:
13039:9780230359758
13035:
13031:
13030:
13022:
13007:
13003:
12997:
12989:
12985:
12978:
12970:
12964:
12960:
12956:
12952:
12945:
12929:
12925:
12921:
12914:
12906:
12905:
12900:
12894:
12886:
12885:
12880:
12873:
12865:
12864:
12859:
12853:
12845:
12844:
12839:
12833:
12825:
12824:
12819:
12813:
12805:
12804:
12799:
12793:
12785:
12784:
12779:
12773:
12765:
12764:
12759:
12753:
12745:
12744:
12739:
12733:
12725:
12724:
12719:
12713:
12705:
12704:
12699:
12693:
12691:
12682:
12681:
12676:
12670:
12654:
12653:
12648:
12642:
12634:
12633:
12628:
12621:
12613:
12612:
12607:
12601:
12593:
12592:
12587:
12581:
12573:
12572:
12567:
12561:
12553:
12549:
12543:
12527:
12523:
12517:
12502:
12498:
12491:
12475:
12471:
12464:
12449:
12445:
12438:
12436:
12419:
12413:
12397:
12391:
12375:
12371:
12366:
12358:
12343:
12339:
12332:
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9362:Saxony-Anhalt
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7424:
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7420:Antje Jansen
7419:
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7414:
7411:
7408:
7401:
7399:
7396:
7395:
7392:
7389:
7385:
7379:
7376:
7373:
7367:
7364:
7357:
7355:
7354:Saxony-Anhalt
7352:
7351:
7348:
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7341:
7335:
7332:
7329:
7326:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7313:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7299:
7296:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7283:
7280:Tanja Krauth
7277:
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7266:
7259:
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7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
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7236:
7229:
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7221:
7217:
7216:Helmut Holter
7214:
7210:
7204:
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7198:
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7124:
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7119:
7118:
7115:
7114:Cansu Ăzdemir
7112:
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7094:
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7088:
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7082:
7079:
7076:
7073:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7060:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:SPDâThe Left
7046:
7043:
7036:
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7030:
7026:
7023:
7019:
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6843:
6838:
6835:
6834:
6830:
6822:
6815:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6802:
6801:Saxony-Anhalt
6799:
6798:
6784:
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5974:
5973:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5944:Constituency
5939:
5933:
5922:
5920:
5916:
5915:Joachim Gauck
5912:
5908:
5903:
5901:
5900:
5899:Unrechtsstaat
5895:
5891:
5886:
5876:
5873:
5869:
5864:
5861:
5857:
5853:
5852:Eckhard Jesse
5848:
5847:Richard Stöss
5843:
5838:
5833:
5832:
5826:
5822:
5821:
5816:
5806:
5804:
5800:
5795:
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5776:
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5750:
5748:
5744:
5740:
5737:
5736:working group
5733:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5697:
5685:Controversies
5682:
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5667:
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5656:
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5647:
5645:
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5611:
5607:
5605:
5601:
5584:
5583:MediaWiki.org
5580:
5575:
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5552:
5548:
5544:
5540:
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5532:
5528:
5524:
5520:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5501:Thomas HĂ€ndel
5498:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5477:
5474:leftists and
5473:
5469:
5467:
5461:
5460:
5456:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5435:
5431:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5409:
5403:
5402:Marxist Forum
5400:
5399:
5395:
5390:
5388:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5353:Katja Kipping
5350:
5346:
5344:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5326:
5325:eco-socialism
5322:
5318:
5316:
5310:
5307:
5306:
5302:
5298:
5294:
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5284:
5278:
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5258:
5256:
5250:
5249:
5245:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5219:privatization
5216:
5211:
5209:
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5192:
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5188:
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5178:
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5105:
5104:
5100:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5066:
5065:Hendrik Lange
5061:
5059:
5057:
5056:Saxony-Anhalt
5046:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5030:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5005:
4994:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4982:
4971:
4970:
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4020:Sybille Stamm
4003:
3999:Member of the
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3894:
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3796:Ates GĂŒrpinar
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3607:Lisbon Treaty
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3515:privatization
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3409:globalization
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3280:Related lists
3278:
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3137:Organizations
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3124:Ocasio-Cortez
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3044:van der Lubbe
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2398:Revolutionary
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2333:Laissez-faire
2331:
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2238:Authoritarian
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2087:Strike action
2085:
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2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1992:Equal liberty
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
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1855:Ates GĂŒrpinar
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1791:Fabio De Masi
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1532:Saxony-Anhalt
1529:
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1510:
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1501:
1496:
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1462:
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1451:Katja Kipping
1446:
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1416:
1411:
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1401:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1384:Luc Jochimsen
1381:
1380:Angela Merkel
1377:
1373:
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1368:Joachim Gauck
1366:
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1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1217:
1216:Fremdarbeiter
1211:
1209:
1205:
1204:Die Linke.PDS
1201:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1173:
1170:
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621:
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610:
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600:
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592:
589:group in the
588:
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568:
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560:
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201:Die Linke.SDS
199:
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187:
185:
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178:
174:
171:
167:
164:
160:
157:
153:
142:
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109:
108:Ates GĂŒrpinar
106:
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88:
85:
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82:
78:
74:
69:
57:
54:
40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
17306:
17282:Lower Saxony
17265:
17252:
17236:Lower Saxony
17227:
17215:
17202:
17188:Values Union
17088:Centre Party
17024:(9; only in
17014:(4; only in
17004:(5; only in
16960:
16886:Family Party
16856:Family Party
16808:
16719:
16624:
16546:Lothar Bisky
16473:Lothar Bisky
16376:Enhedslisten
16303:Marxist Left
15991:
15853:
15385:
15254:
15250:
15233:
15229:
15214:
15204:
15179:
15170:
15158:. Retrieved
15148:
15136:. Retrieved
15132:the original
15121:
15110:
15100:
15088:
15070:
15052:
15048:
15043:
15027:
15023:
15018:
15006:
15002:
14999:Tilman Mayer
14994:
14986:
14981:
14972:
14961:
14952:
14944:
14938:
14930:
14924:
14916:
14909:. Retrieved
14905:
14895:
14887:
14880:. Retrieved
14877:The Guardian
14876:
14866:
14858:
14851:. Retrieved
14846:
14837:
14819:
14801:
14792:The Guardian
14790:
14780:
14762:
14754:
14747:
14741:
14737:
14733:
14728:
14716:. Retrieved
14706:
14694:. Retrieved
14689:
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14644:. Retrieved
14634:
14622:. Retrieved
14612:
14593:
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14549:
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14523:
14514:
14505:
14494:
14485:
14471:
14463:the original
14453:
14442:
14418:. Retrieved
14408:
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14377:
14351:. Retrieved
14344:
14316:. Retrieved
14306:
14294:. Retrieved
14289:
14280:
14268:. Retrieved
14264:the original
14254:
14221:. Retrieved
14214:the original
14197:
14189:the original
14179:
14167:. Retrieved
14162:
14153:
14145:the original
14140:
14131:
14119:. Retrieved
14114:
14111:"Membership"
14105:
14093:. Retrieved
14088:
14079:
14067:. Retrieved
14062:
14053:
14041:. Retrieved
14036:
14027:
14015:. Retrieved
14010:
14001:
13987:
13975:. Retrieved
13970:
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13919:. Retrieved
13914:
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13893:. Retrieved
13888:
13879:
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13807:. Retrieved
13797:
13785:. Retrieved
13756:
13744:. Retrieved
13734:
13722:. Retrieved
13717:
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13654:
13608:
13596:. Retrieved
13590:
13565:. Retrieved
13560:
13550:
13538:. Retrieved
13528:
13516:. Retrieved
13509:the original
13491:(3): 75â87.
13488:
13484:
13471:
13461:28 September
13459:. Retrieved
13455:the original
13445:
13433:. Retrieved
13424:
13415:
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13397:
13389:
13380:
13366:
13354:. Retrieved
13350:
13340:
13328:. Retrieved
13319:
13307:
13295:. Retrieved
13288:the original
13283:
13271:
13259:. Retrieved
13231:
13211:
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13091:
13085:
13073:. Retrieved
13064:
13055:
13043:. Retrieved
13028:
13021:
13009:. Retrieved
13005:
12996:
12990:(in German).
12987:
12977:
12954:
12944:
12932:. Retrieved
12923:
12913:
12902:
12893:
12887:(in German).
12882:
12872:
12861:
12852:
12843:The Guardian
12841:
12832:
12821:
12812:
12801:
12792:
12781:
12772:
12761:
12752:
12741:
12732:
12721:
12712:
12703:The Guardian
12701:
12680:The Guardian
12678:
12669:
12657:. Retrieved
12650:
12641:
12635:(in German).
12630:
12620:
12611:The Guardian
12609:
12600:
12589:
12580:
12569:
12560:
12551:
12542:
12532:27 September
12530:. Retrieved
12525:
12516:
12504:. Retrieved
12500:
12490:
12478:. Retrieved
12473:
12463:
12453:27 September
12451:. Retrieved
12448:The Guardian
12447:
12422:. Retrieved
12412:
12400:. Retrieved
12390:
12378:. Retrieved
12369:
12357:
12345:. Retrieved
12341:
12331:
12313:
12295:
12281:
12263:
12254:
12245:
12235:23 September
12233:. Retrieved
12229:the original
12221:
12212:
12194:
12182:. Retrieved
12172:
12161:
12152:
12143:
12134:
12122:. Retrieved
12112:
12100:. Retrieved
12090:
12078:
12066:. Retrieved
12056:
12029:. Retrieved
12024:
12014:
12002:
11990:
11978:. Retrieved
11967:
11955:. Retrieved
11940:
11933:
11921:. Retrieved
11911:
11899:. Retrieved
11895:
11886:
11874:. Retrieved
11864:
11852:
11847:
11835:. Retrieved
11830:
11821:
11797:
11790:
11778:. Retrieved
11773:
11764:
11752:. Retrieved
11748:the original
11743:
11734:
11725:
11702:
11695:
11683:. Retrieved
11647:
11634:
11625:
11616:
11556:
11134:
11100:
11074:
11056:
11025:
10750:
10695:
10664:
10646:
10620:
10610:
10595:
10579:
10545:
10472:The Left.PDS
10456:
10436:
10332:
10228:
9757:
9725:
9695:
9665:
9640:
9639:
9607:
9577:
9547:
9522:
9521:
9508:
9476:
9446:
9416:
9386:
9361:
9360:
9328:
9298:
9268:
9243:
9242:
9229:
9197:
9167:
9137:
9107:
9082:
9081:
9049:
9019:
8989:
8959:
8934:
8933:
8920:
8888:
8858:
8828:
8798:
8773:
8772:
8740:
8710:
8680:
8656:Lower Saxony
8655:
8654:
8641:
8609:
8579:
8549:
8519:
8494:
8493:
8461:
8431:
8401:
8371:
8346:
8345:
8332:
8322:
8291:
8261:
8231:
8201:
8176:
8175:
8143:
8113:
8083:
8053:
8028:
8027:
8014:
7982:
7954:
7924:
7894:
7869:
7868:
7836:
7806:
7776:
7746:
7721:
7720:
7707:
7675:
7645:
7615:
7590:
7589:
7557:
7527:
7497:
7472:
7471:
7449:Bodo Ramelow
7371:
7368:SPD minority
7347:Peter Porsch
7278:Robert Drumm
7155:Lower Saxony
6960:Sahra Mirow
6910:
6577:Lower Saxony
6285:
6161:Lothar Bisky
6135:List leader
5931:
5904:
5882:
5865:
5820:The Guardian
5818:
5812:
5802:
5762:Bodo Ramelow
5759:
5753:
5751:
5742:
5738:
5719:
5703:
5699:
5693:
5678:gender quota
5675:
5663:
5651:Lower Saxony
5648:
5629:
5612:
5608:
5604:trade unions
5597:
5541:-affiliated
5526:
5516:
5505:JĂŒrgen Klute
5463:
5457:
5425:
5421:
5405:
5401:
5384:
5380:
5340:
5336:
5312:
5308:
5297:civil rights
5292:
5280:
5276:
5252:
5246:
5205:
5201:
5196:Description
5180:
5166:
5162:
4911:Peter Ritter
4879:Lower Saxony
4774:Anna Fischer
4595:
4544:
4312:
4137:Lothar Bisky
4078:Bruno Mahlow
4056:Dieter Hooge
4005:
3949:
3947:
3939:Daphne Weber
3935:Frank Tempel
3923:Maja Tegeler
3881:Wulf Gallert
3865:Janis Ehling
3810:Jana Seppelt
3769:Party Chair
3754:
3750:
3737:
3717:
3686:
3660:Organisation
3638:Andrej Hunko
3634:Soviet Union
3611:
3567:human rights
3556:
3532:
3519:minimum wage
3507:cooperatives
3486:corporations
3479:
3457:The Guardian
3455:
3429:
3397:anti-fascist
3386:
2293:Evolutionary
2213:21st-century
2007:Freed market
1851:Clara BĂŒnger
1832:
1805:
1794:
1787:
1768:
1744:
1732:
1693:
1675:, utilising
1662:
1641:
1618:
1599:
1587:Lower Saxony
1576:
1560:
1521:
1511:was elected
1509:Bodo Ramelow
1497:
1486:
1479:
1447:
1443:Lower Saxony
1412:
1404:anti-fascist
1393:
1358:
1346:
1335:
1327:
1280:
1268:Lower Saxony
1261:
1257:Lothar Bisky
1252:
1250:
1234:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1174:
1150:
1010:
703:centre-right
687:
677:
674:
669:
654:leading role
638:
611:
599:anti-fascism
579:Bodo Ramelow
552:
524:chairpersons
516:East Germany
469:
452:
451:
438:
434:
196:Student wing
169:Headquarters
122:Jana Seppelt
80:Chairpersons
53:
38:
29:This is the
23:
17307:Free Voters
17232:Brandenburg
17178:Statt Party
17113:Free Saxony
17006:Brandenburg
16973:Free Voters
16815:Free Voters
16677:(733 seats)
16582:Klaus Ernst
16556:Manon Aubry
16551:Gabi Zimmer
16506:Guido Fanti
16483:Gregor Gysi
15695:Brandenburg
15547: [
15518: [
15479: [
15468:Brandenburg
15414:Chairpeople
15328:(in German)
15289:(in German)
14829:Der Spiegel
14718:23 November
14696:23 November
14292:(in German)
14270:25 February
14165:(in German)
14117:(in German)
14091:(in German)
14065:(in German)
14039:(in German)
14013:(in German)
13973:(in German)
13917:(in German)
13891:(in German)
13850:Counterfire
13764:. The Left.
13720:(in German)
13673:. The Left.
13616:. The Left.
13592:Nikkei Asia
13563:(in German)
13540:23 November
13193:Der Spiegel
13045:14 February
12763:Der Spiegel
12743:Der Spiegel
12323:Der Spiegel
12305:Der Spiegel
12289:. The Left.
12204:Der Spiegel
12068:20 February
11837:9 September
11833:(in German)
11727:Deutschland
11685:9 September
7870:Brandenburg
7412:Opposition
7391:Petra Sitte
7240:Opposition
7169:Opposition
7135:Opposition
7105:Opposition
7033:Brandenburg
7025:Gregor Gysi
6831:Opposition
6533:Opposition
6427:Brandenburg
6421:Opposition
6194:Gabi Zimmer
6118:Opposition
6081:Opposition
6044:Opposition
6007:Opposition
5947:Party list
5842:Der Spiegel
5831:Der Spiegel
5768:Der Spiegel
5579:Phabricator
5523:Lucy Redler
5235:Lucy Redler
5231:Ulla Jelpke
5136: [
5125: [
5068: [
4929: [
4914: [
4855: [
4823: [
4820:Thomas Iwan
4812: [
4780: [
4736:Brandenburg
4714: [
4703: [
4671: [
4635: [
4632:Sahra Mirow
4437:Gregor Gysi
4391:Gregor Gysi
4374:Term start
4194:Klaus Ernst
4120:Term start
4096: [
4085: [
4070: [
4059: [
4048: [
4037: [
4026: [
3983: [
3976:Vice Chair
3970:Hans Modrow
3950:Ăltestenrat
3926: [
3919:Jan Richter
3884: [
3872: [
3841: [
3838:Harald Wolf
3824: [
3821:Tobias Bank
3745:Gregor Gysi
3709:think tanks
3671:(left) and
3618:Gregor Gysi
3535:disarmament
3464:Der Spiegel
3440:centre-left
3324:WikiProject
3202:French Left
2994:Spiridonova
2893:Politicians
2806:Castoriadis
2486:Saint-Simon
2438:Third World
2433:Syndicalism
2368:Nationalist
2343:Libertarian
2308:Free-market
2171:Lange model
2159:Soviet-type
2129:Communalism
2101:Vanguardism
2057:Spontaneism
1967:Cooperative
1913:Development
1710:and one in
1677:red-baiting
1663:During the
1610:Brandenburg
1493:Brandenburg
1350:Klaus Ernst
1307:Brandenburg
1165:Agenda 2010
666:Hans Modrow
664:. His ally
658:Gregor Gysi
219:Membership
134:Harald Wolf
17324:Categories
17168:The Urbans
17128:Wir BĂŒrger
17053:Alliance C
16943:The Greens
16840:Die PARTEI
16785:The Greens
16696:The Greens
16400:MunkĂĄspĂĄrt
16274:Der Wandel
16151:Left Unity
15191:Literature
14911:7 December
14882:7 December
14853:7 December
14416:. The Left
14414:"About Us"
14296:28 October
14169:28 October
14121:28 October
14095:28 October
14085:"About us"
14069:28 October
14043:28 October
14017:28 October
13977:28 October
13921:28 October
13895:28 October
13805:. The Left
13783:. The Left
13742:. The Left
13724:28 October
13567:22 October
13518:23 October
13435:23 October
13407:Al-Jazeera
13297:23 October
13261:31 October
13257:. BBC News
13075:23 October
12951:"Glossary"
12934:23 October
12506:23 October
12480:23 October
12424:23 October
12402:23 October
12380:23 October
12347:23 October
11780:23 October
11754:23 October
11710:. p.
11663:References
7437:31.0 (#1)
7365:19.6 (#3)
7327:23.6 (#2)
7297:21.3 (#3)
7196:24.4 (#3)
7074:11.3 (#4)
7044:27.2 (#2)
7005:22.6 (#3)
6885:13.1 (#4)
6813:11.0 (#3)
6403:12.2 (#4)
6262:2.74 (#8)
6259:1,091,268
6234:5.50 (#5)
6231:2,056,010
6201:7.39 (#4)
6198:2,167,641
6168:7.48 (#5)
6165:1,968,325
6097:2,269,993
6091:2,306,755
6060:4,296,762
6054:3,966,035
6023:3,755,699
6017:3,585,178
5989:11.9 (#4)
5986:5,155,933
5983:11.1 (#3)
5980:4,791,124
5739:AG Cuba SĂ
5632:new states
5361:Julia Bonk
4608:Leader(s)
4585:Incumbent
4579:2024-02-19
4536:2023-12-06
4526:2019-11-12
4501:2019-11-12
4491:2015-10-13
4455:2015-10-13
4445:2009-10-27
4420:2009-10-27
4410:2005-10-18
4362:Incumbent
4356:2022-06-25
4331:2022-06-25
4321:2022-04-20
4304:2022-04-20
4294:2021-02-27
4258:2021-02-27
4248:2012-06-02
4212:2012-06-02
4202:2010-05-15
4166:2010-05-15
4156:2007-06-16
4018:Anni Seidl
3961:Member(s)
3764:Member(s)
3595:neoliberal
3579:World Bank
3563:waging war
3539:Bundeswehr
3503:anti-trust
3498:income tax
3413:communists
3393:capitalism
3295:Socialists
3290:By country
3172:Capitalism
3054:Mitterrand
3019:Gerhardsen
2964:Liebknecht
2949:Markievicz
2876:Varoufakis
2826:Fotopoulos
2496:Saint-Just
2491:Buonarroti
2476:Campanella
2413:Scientific
2348:Marhaenism
2303:Fourierism
2288:Ecological
2268:Democratic
1689:wealth tax
1538:after the
1226:xenophobic
646:Egon Krenz
629:Background
575:The Greens
526:have been
506:(PDS) and
470:Left Party
399:.die-linke
376:Party flag
341:92 / 1,894
296:(official)
208:Youth wing
184:Think tank
147:2007-06-16
17183:V-Partei3
16674:Bundestag
16286:Ensemble!
16186:AKEL/ÎÎÎÎ
15992:Die Linke
15741:Linksruck
15635:Thuringia
15453:Anne Helm
15422:Bundestag
15405:Die Linke
15400:âčSee Tfdâș
14977:Cas Mudde
14945:Die Linke
14748:Die Linke
14318:28 August
13746:25 August
13505:142320061
13421:"Germany"
13390:The Local
13356:1 October
13284:Die Linke
13065:Die Linke
13006:Die Linke
12474:Democracy
11957:22 August
11901:9 January
11876:1 October
11831:Die Linke
10552:The Left
9648:Election
9641:Thuringia
9530:Election
9369:Election
9251:Election
9090:Election
8942:Election
8781:Election
8663:Election
8502:Election
8354:Election
8298:364,102*
8268:300,567*
8238:220,428*
8184:Election
8036:Election
7877:Election
7729:Election
7598:Election
7480:Election
7426:Thuringia
7409:6.0 (#5)
7270:No seats
7267:3,0 (#5)
7237:5.6 (#5)
7166:7.1 (#5)
7132:6.3 (#6)
7102:9.1 (#4)
6980:No seats
6977:4.4 (#6)
6952:No seats
6949:3.6 (#6)
6873:Thuringia
6867:No seats
6849:1.7 (#7)
6775:4.5 (#6)
6757:No seats
6739:2.6 (#6)
6721:No seats
6703:2.5 (#7)
6685:No seats
6667:2.1 (#6)
6647:SPDâLeft
6629:9.9 (#4)
6589:2.7 (#6)
6551:3.1 (#7)
6515:9.1 (#4)
6478:10.9 (#4)
6439:3.0 (#6)
6385:No seats
6367:1.5 (#7)
6349:No seats
6331:3.6 (#6)
6298:Election
6150:EP Group
6132:Election
6100:4.9 (#7)
6094:5.0 (#7)
6063:9.2 (#5)
6057:8.6 (#4)
6026:8.6 (#3)
6020:8.2 (#3)
5941:Election
5932:Bundestag
5909:during a
5890:âčSee Tfdâș
5872:Cas Mudde
5786:Petra Pau
5752:The 2007
5724:extremist
5716:extremist
5618:Geography
5527:Der Funke
5472:Keynesian
5470:Includes
5442:Jan Korte
5438:Petra Pau
5373:Anne Helm
5357:Caren Lay
5115:Thuringia
4377:Term end
4123:Term end
3958:Position
3913:Ellen Ost
3761:Position
3523:Karl Marx
3494:net worth
3432:left-wing
3167:Anarchism
3089:Gorbachev
2939:Malatesta
2934:Bernstein
2711:Pankhurst
2691:Pannekoek
2681:Luxemburg
2636:Plekhanov
2611:Carpenter
2606:Kropotkin
2403:Ricardian
2393:Religious
2388:Reformism
2373:Nkrumaism
2363:Municipal
2263:Communism
2258:Christian
2243:Blanquism
2233:Anarchism
2176:Mutualism
1878:Socialism
1828:wiped out
1822:. In the
1728:Bundestag
1720:Petra Pau
1706:; two in
1669:Red Scare
1363:, former
1340:, in the
1287:Thuringia
1253:Die Linke
1230:far-right
1196:âčSee Tfdâș
1183:âčSee Tfdâș
1011:Die Linke
567:Thuringia
536:Bundestag
475:âčSee Tfdâș
466:Die Linke
458:âčSee Tfdâș
427:Elections
321:Bundesrat
307:Bundestag
257:Left-wing
130:Secretary
64:Die Linke
17294:Saarland
17266:The Left
17240:Saarland
17220:Saarland
17103:dieBasis
16961:The Left
16809:The Left
16720:The Left
16591:See also
16315:TĂĄncsics
16040:DĂ©i LĂ©nk
15403:German:
15387:The Left
15310:Archived
15112:Die Welt
14906:Euronews
14847:BBC News
14811:Euronews
14772:BBC News
14601:Archived
14554:Archived
14531:Archived
14420:15 April
14290:The Left
14223:31 March
14163:The Left
14137:"Ema.Li"
14063:The Left
14037:The Left
13971:The Left
13915:The Left
13718:The Left
13429:Archived
13351:Politico
13324:Archived
13140:BBC News
13069:Archived
12928:Archived
12884:Die Zeit
12632:Die Zeit
12374:Archived
12342:Euronews
12255:Die Welt
12085:, n24.de
11581:See also
9732:343,738
9702:265,425
9672:288,932
9483:116,927
9453:183,296
9431:29 / 105
9423:235,011
9393:217,295
9343:14 / 119
9335:224,411
9313:27 / 126
9305:309,568
9283:29 / 132
9275:370,359
9114:113,660
9083:Saarland
8895:415,936
8865:194,428
8843:11 / 181
8835:435,627
8805:254,977
8747:177,118
8717:110,525
8695:11 / 152
8687:243,361
8586:106,259
8556:125,528
8526:141,534
8468:181,263
8438:161,488
8408:139,074
8378:140,769
8306:12 / 121
8276:11 / 121
8150:166,378
8120:115,385
7961:135,572
7931:183,172
7901:377,084
7851:26 / 160
7843:255,231
7821:27 / 160
7813:255,740
7791:20 / 152
7783:170,829
7761:23 / 141
7753:225,689
7682:435,949
7652:251,097
7622:461,755
7564:173,317
7534:156,211
7504:139,700
7360:25 / 116
7322:31 / 124
7286:Saarland
7232:11 / 181
7199:SPDâPDS
7161:11 / 152
7097:13 / 123
7008:SPDâPDS
7000:33 / 141
6882:157,641
6810:116,927
6772:104,888
6727:Saarland
6664:146,634
6608:No seats
6570:No seats
6520:13 / 123
6512:364,102
6474:137,676
6458:No seats
6408:22 / 147
6400:184,954
6364:200,795
6328:173,295
6105:39 / 735
6068:69 / 709
6031:64 / 631
5994:76 / 622
5837:far-left
5825:Euronews
5535:entryist
5329:degrowth
5193:Faction
5004:Saarland
4611:Members
3693:district
3628:and the
3603:Iraq War
3601:and the
3452:Euronews
3444:far-left
3436:big tent
3285:Category
3024:Erlander
2984:Kerensky
2954:Connolly
2811:Thompson
2796:Bookchin
2786:Montseny
2736:Vanzetti
2701:Einstein
2671:Landauer
2576:Saltykov
2571:Lassalle
2531:Proudhon
2313:Gandhian
2298:Feminist
2248:Buddhist
2228:Agrarian
2206:Variants
1870:a series
1868:Part of
1631:and the
1591:Saarland
1431:Saarland
1299:Saarland
1232:voters.
1221:Die Welt
709:and the
670:de facto
495:), is a
478:German:
453:The Left
443:far-left
313:28 / 736
236:Ideology
61:The Left
35:reviewed
17274:Bavaria
17207:Bavaria
17198:Notes:
16996:Bavaria
16957:(15/16)
16951:(12/16)
16945:(15/16)
16933:(16/16)
16388:SYN/Σ΄Î
15865:Parties
15536:Hamburg
15296:at the
14353:18 June
13809:16 June
13787:16 June
13330:12 July
12803:Reuters
12526:Reuters
12501:Reuters
9740:29 / 90
9710:28 / 91
9680:27 / 88
9614:55,833
9584:29,900
9554:95,764
9491:12 / 97
9461:16 / 87
9401:26 / 97
9204:11,689
9174:68,566
9144:77,612
9122:11 / 51
9064:0 / 138
9056:48,210
9034:0 / 138
9026:60,074
9004:0 / 101
8996:56,054
8974:0 / 101
8966:44,826
8903:0 / 199
8873:0 / 237
8813:0 / 187
8755:0 / 137
8725:0 / 137
8616:90,865
8594:11 / 71
8564:14 / 71
8534:13 / 71
8476:9 / 137
8446:6 / 110
8416:6 / 118
8386:6 / 110
8246:8 / 121
8216:8 / 121
8208:50,173
8177:Hamburg
8158:10 / 84
8090:73,769
8060:23,282
7989:44,692
7969:10 / 88
7939:17 / 88
7909:26 / 88
7690:0 / 205
7660:0 / 180
7630:0 / 187
7591:Bavaria
7572:0 / 138
7542:0 / 138
7512:0 / 138
7432:29 / 90
7292:11 / 51
7262:0 / 101
7191:20 / 71
7127:9 / 137
7091:Hamburg
7069:10 / 84
7039:26 / 88
6972:0 / 187
6966:Bavaria
6944:0 / 154
6890:12 / 90
6846:23,035
6818:12 / 97
6780:5 / 119
6736:11,689
6708:0 / 101
6700:48,210
6672:0 / 195
6626:90,865
6594:0 / 146
6586:98,585
6556:0 / 133
6548:86,821
6503:Hamburg
6484:10 / 87
6436:44,692
6372:0 / 203
6355:Bavaria
6336:0 / 154
6313:Status
5956:Status
5581:and on
5414:Marxism
5152:54,214
4802:Hamburg
4659:Bavaria
4605:Branch
4577: (
4534: (
4524: (
4499: (
4489: (
4453: (
4443: (
4418: (
4408: (
4354: (
4329: (
4319: (
4302: (
4292: (
4256: (
4246: (
4210: (
4200: (
4164: (
4154: (
3701:borough
3559:ErdoÄan
3545:with a
3119:SĂĄnchez
3104:Sankara
3064:Mandela
3049:Kreisky
3039:Allende
3034:Senghor
3029:Douglas
3014:Durruti
2979:Trotsky
2871:Graeber
2851:Hampton
2821:Chomsky
2766:Marcuse
2751:Gramsci
2741:Bordiga
2731:Polanyi
2686:Russell
2676:Berkman
2666:Goldman
2656:Du Bois
2626:Kautsky
2621:Bellamy
2586:Tolstoy
2561:Wallace
2546:Bakunin
2536:Greeley
2526:Blanqui
2506:Fourier
2453:Zionist
2443:Utopian
2383:Popular
2378:Owenism
2358:Marxism
2338:Liberal
2323:Islamic
2283:Ethical
2278:Digital
2253:Chinese
2218:African
1902:Outline
1897:History
1806:In the
1712:Leipzig
1619:In the
1561:In the
1524:Hamburg
1515:by the
1480:In the
1276:Hamburg
1235:In the
707:CDU/CSU
624:History
390:Website
287:Colours
230:50,251
145: (
140:Founded
17244:Saxony
17216:Greens
17030:Saxony
17026:Bremen
16975:(2/16)
16969:(3/16)
16963:(8/16)
16093:Levica
16004:Syriza
15934:Levice
15598:Saxony
15502:Bremen
15445:Berlin
15221:
15160:3 June
15138:3 June
15061:
15034:
15005:. In:
14985:. In:
14646:3 June
14624:3 June
13598:12 May
13503:
13219:
13115:
13036:
12988:bpb.de
12965:
12659:25 May
12652:Merkur
12184:3 June
12124:3 June
12102:3 June
12031:3 June
11980:3 June
11948:
11923:3 June
11859:, 2014
11809:
11718:
11572:
11567:
11562:
11312:Party
11261:
11258:
11255:
11198:
11195:
11153:
11150:
11147:
11112:
11109:
11106:
11091:
11088:
11085:
10971:
10968:
10965:
10902:
10899:
10896:
10875:
10872:
10686:
10683:
10562:
10559:
10475:&
10414:
10411:
10365:
10362:
10284:
10281:
9776:Party
9758:
9657:Seats
9651:Votes
9622:0 / 73
9592:0 / 69
9562:6 / 95
9539:Seats
9533:Votes
9509:
9378:Seats
9372:Votes
9260:Seats
9254:Votes
9244:Saxony
9230:
9212:0 / 51
9182:7 / 51
9152:9 / 51
9099:Seats
9093:Votes
8951:Seats
8945:Votes
8921:
8790:Seats
8784:Votes
8672:Seats
8666:Votes
8642:
8624:9 / 79
8511:Seats
8505:Votes
8363:Seats
8357:Votes
8333:
8193:Seats
8187:Votes
8128:8 / 83
8098:5 / 83
8068:7 / 83
8045:Seats
8039:Votes
8029:Bremen
8015:
7997:0 / 88
7886:Seats
7880:Votes
7738:Seats
7732:Votes
7722:Berlin
7708:
7607:Seats
7601:Votes
7489:Seats
7483:Votes
7404:6 / 95
7316:Saxony
7063:Bremen
6994:Berlin
6917:State
6854:0 / 69
6763:Saxony
6744:0 / 51
6634:9 / 79
6465:Bremen
6444:0 / 88
6391:Berlin
6307:Seats
6301:Votes
6286:LĂ€nder
6267:3 / 96
6239:5 / 96
6206:7 / 96
6173:8 / 99
6144:Seats
6138:Votes
5967:Votes
5961:Votes
5950:Seats
5894:German
5827:, and
5781:, and
5657:, and
5507:, and
5492:Marx21
5448:, and
5359:, and
5237:, and
5149:Total
5144:3,478
5112:
5101:1,093
5087:
5076:2,833
5053:
5042:6,559
5029:Saxony
5026:
5015:1,426
5001:
4990:1,478
4978:
4967:7,764
4948:
4937:2,766
4901:
4890:2,919
4876:
4865:3,079
4842:
4831:1,711
4799:
4768:Bremen
4765:
4754:4,534
4733:
4722:7,100
4693:Berlin
4690:
4679:3,058
4656:
4645:3,749
4622:
4602:State
4313:Vacant
3966:Chair
3697:Berlin
3689:states
3460:, and
3425:Erfurt
3114:Marcos
3109:ChĂĄvez
3099:Corbyn
3074:Manley
3069:DubÄek
3059:Nasser
2999:Makhno
2989:Attlee
2974:Martov
2959:Gandhi
2914:Babeuf
2904:Mazdak
2866:Hedges
2846:Ăcalan
2831:Newton
2791:Sartre
2781:Guérin
2776:Orwell
2726:Korsch
2721:LukĂĄcs
2706:Keller
2696:Rocker
2641:Ferrer
2596:Morris
2591:Michel
2566:Lavrov
2556:Engels
2541:Herzen
2516:Leroux
2448:Yellow
2353:Market
2328:Jewish
2123:Models
1735:Berlin
1708:Berlin
1687:and a
1614:Saxony
1585:, and
1536:Berlin
1528:Bremen
1441:, and
1429:, and
1427:Berlin
1423:Bremen
1303:Saxony
1200:German
1187:German
723:Greens
559:Bremen
518:, the
462:German
437:
369:1 / 16
355:3 / 96
327:4 / 69
299:
291:
221:(2023)
177:Berlin
17278:Hesse
16698:(117)
16692:(153)
16686:(206)
16251:Sortu
15910:BL/ĐĐ
15570:Hesse
15555:]
15526:]
15487:]
14217:(PDF)
14206:(PDF)
13949:(PDF)
13512:(PDF)
13501:S2CID
13481:(PDF)
13291:(PDF)
13280:(PDF)
13011:6 May
12552:RBB24
12144:Focus
11608:Notes
11315:Year
11307:13.1
11275:2024
11244:12.2
11228:2023
11183:2022
11178:11.0
11118:2021
11081:2020
11066:10.4
11048:10.7
11032:2019
11009:2018
10996:12.8
10953:2017
10948:16.3
10932:13.2
10924:15.6
10908:2016
10868:2015
10863:28.2
10855:18.9
10847:18.6
10831:2014
10794:2013
10781:16.1
10765:2012
10760:23.7
10742:18.4
10718:11.6
10702:2011
10679:2010
10674:27.4
10656:20.6
10630:27.2
10602:2009
10576:2008
10555:2007
10529:16.8
10521:13.4
10510:2006
10481:2005
10466:26.1
10420:2004
10387:2003
10382:20.4
10374:16.4
10350:2002
10322:2001
10311:2000
10306:21.3
10296:22.2
10267:23.3
10259:17.7
10243:1999
10238:19.6
10207:1998
10199:1997
10188:1996
10174:14.6
10166:1995
10161:16.6
10153:19.9
10145:16.5
10135:22.7
10125:18.7
10104:1994
10097:1993
10088:1992
10075:1991
10065:12.0
10062:10.2
10053:15.7
10042:13.4
10025:1990
9779:Year
9735:31.0
9705:28.2
9675:27.4
9486:11.0
9456:16.3
9426:23.7
9396:24.1
9338:10.4
9308:18.9
9278:20.6
9177:12.9
9147:16.1
9117:21.5
8589:13.2
8559:18.4
8529:17.3
8347:Hesse
8153:11.3
7964:10.7
7934:18.6
7904:27.2
7846:14.0
7816:15.6
7786:11.6
7756:16.3
7121:Hesse
6929:Year
6539:Hesse
5672:Women
5140:]
5129:]
5072:]
4933:]
4922:]
4859:]
4845:Hesse
4827:]
4816:]
4784:]
4718:]
4707:]
4675:]
4639:]
4100:]
4089:]
4074:]
4063:]
4052:]
4041:]
4030:]
3987:]
3930:]
3888:]
3876:]
3845:]
3828:]
3300:Songs
3274:Lists
3079:Palme
2929:Bebel
2919:Blanc
2881:Saito
2856:ĆœiĆŸek
2836:Wolff
2771:James
2756:Sacco
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2716:Volin
2661:Gorky
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2601:Jones
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1291:Hesse
1272:Hesse
721:âPDSâ
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17242:and
17093:DAVA
17083:BĂŒSo
17063:APPD
17028:and
16866:PMUT
16834:Volt
16787:(12)
16781:(14)
16775:(15)
16769:(23)
16728:(10)
16722:(28)
16716:(43)
16710:(77)
16704:(91)
16448:B.E.
16198:KSÄM
16115:EUiA
16052:PCRM
15963:Vas.
15219:ISBN
15162:2012
15140:2012
15059:ISBN
15032:ISBN
14913:2023
14884:2023
14855:2023
14720:2014
14698:2014
14648:2012
14626:2012
14422:2021
14355:2023
14320:2021
14298:2021
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14171:2021
14123:2021
14097:2021
14071:2021
14045:2021
14019:2021
13979:2021
13923:2021
13897:2021
13811:2023
13789:2023
13748:2022
13726:2021
13600:2023
13569:2019
13542:2014
13520:2021
13489:VIII
13463:2009
13437:2021
13358:2021
13332:2018
13299:2021
13263:2021
13217:ISBN
13113:ISBN
13077:2021
13047:2017
13034:ISBN
13013:2021
12963:ISBN
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12534:2021
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12070:2012
12033:2012
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11878:2021
11839:2024
11807:ISBN
11782:2021
11756:2021
11716:ISBN
11687:2024
11557:Bold
11299:4.5
11291:3.0
11283:2.7
11270:3.1
11252:10.9
11236:1.5
11223:1.7
11215:2.6
11207:2.1
11191:2.7
11170:2.5
11162:9.9
11144:14.0
11126:4.9
11075:31.0
11057:11.3
11040:5.5
11017:3.2
11004:3.8
10988:4.9
10980:4.6
10961:9.2
10940:2.8
10916:2.9
10892:8.5
10884:9.5
10839:7.4
10826:3.1
10818:5.2
10810:2.1
10802:8.6
10789:2.3
10773:2.5
10734:6.4
10726:5.6
10710:2.8
10647:21.3
10638:5.4
10611:11.9
10587:5.1
10584:6.4
10571:8.4
10546:24.1
10537:2.7
10513:3.1
10505:0.5
10497:3.1
10489:8.7
10477:WASG
10457:23.6
10448:2.3
10437:28.0
10428:6.1
10407:0.4
10397:1.7
10358:4.0
10345:0.0
10342:0.4
10333:22.6
10317:1.4
10314:1.1
10288:0.8
10275:2.9
10251:5.8
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10220:0.2
10215:5.1
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10177:2.4
10115:4.7
10112:4.4
10070:9.7
10039:9.2
10028:2.4
9727:2019
9697:2014
9667:2009
9660:+/â
9617:3.8
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9579:2012
9557:6.0
9549:2009
9542:+/â
9478:2021
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9330:2019
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9059:2.5
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9029:2.8
9021:2016
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8969:2.6
8961:2006
8954:+/â
8898:4.9
8890:2017
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8830:2010
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8800:2005
8793:+/â
8750:4.6
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8712:2013
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8675:+/â
8619:9.9
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8514:+/â
8471:6.3
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8301:9.1
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