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259:, comes hunting in the forest. Just as he was about to slay a deer, Vaikhānasa, a sage obstructs him saying that the deer was from the hermitage and must not be slain. He politely requests the king to take his arrow back, to which the king complies. The sage then informs him that they are going to collect firewood for the
279:
She later travels to meet him, and has to cross a river. The ring is lost when it slips off her hand as she dips it in the water playfully. On arrival the king is unable to recognize the person he married and therefore refuses to acknowledge her. Śakuntala is abandoned by her companions who declare
263:
and asks him to join them. They then spot the hermitage of Sage Kaṇva and decide to pay the hermits a visit. However the king decides to go to this penance grove dressed up as a commoner. He also stops the chariot farther away to not disturb the hermits. The moment he enters the hermitage and spots
264:Śakuntalā, he is captivated by her, courts her in royal style, and marries her. Soon, he has to leave to take care of affairs in the capital. The king gives her a ring which, as it turns out, will eventually have to be presented to him when she appears in his court to claim her place as queen.
471:
for this opera on Kālidāsa's play, which he probably knew through one or more of the three German translations that had been published by that time. Schubert abandoned the work in April 1821 at the latest. A short extract of the unfinished score was published in 1829. Also
299:', Śakuntala is not reunited until their son Bharata is born, and found by the king playing with lion cubs. Duṣyanta meets young Bharata and enquires about his parents, and finds out that Bharata is indeed his son. Bharata is an ancestor of the lineages of the
430:, to be "marked with the greatest immorality and impurity", and Indian students were thought by colonial administrators to be insufficiently morally and intellectually advanced to read the Indian texts that were taught and praised in Britain.
146:
as well. In the Mahābhārata the story appears as a precursor to the Pāṇḍava and Kaūrava lineages. In the story King Duṣyanta and Śakuntalā meet in the forest and get estranged and ultimately reunited. Their son
283:
Fortunately, the ring is discovered by a fisherman in the belly of a fish, and presents it in the king's court. Duṣyanta realizes his mistake - too late. The newly wise Duṣyanta is asked to defeat an army of
271:
arrives when Śakuntala is lost in her thoughts, and when she fails to attend to him, he curses her by bewitching Duṣyanta into forgetting her existence. The only cure is for Śakuntala to show the king the
1214:
La Trésorerie du palais hellénistique d'Aï Khanoum. L'Apogée et la chute du royaume grec de
Bactriane, Fouilles d'Aï Khanoum VIII, Mémoires de la Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan XXXIII
767:
A production directed by Tarek
Iskander was mounted for a run at London's Union Theatre in January and February 2009. The play is also appearing on a Toronto stage for the first time as part of the
1057:
47:
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1904:
371:, Sir William Jones' translation of Kālidāsa's play, was first published in Calcutta, followed by European republications in 1790, 1792 and 1796. A German (by
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69:
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610:, in the first decade of the 20th century: the work is however no longer listed as extant in overviews of the composer's or librettist's oeuvre.
347:
307:, who fought the epic war of the Mahābhārata. It is after this Bharata that India was given the name "Bhāratavarsha", the 'Land of Bharata'.
292:
with a journey through heaven. After returning to Earth years later, Duṣyanta finds Śakuntala and their son by chance, and recognizes them.
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17:
448:
in
September 1816, he had been working on an opera about Shakuntala for at least a decade, a project which he did however never complete.
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and regarded as the best of Kālidāsa's works. Its exact date is uncertain, but Kālidāsa is often placed in the 4th century CE.
2964:
2215:Śakuntalá, or: Śakuntalá Recognised by the Ring, a Sanskrit Drama, in Seven Acts, by Kálidása; The Devanágarí Recension of the Text
1659:
1580:
2597:
1810:
1296:
1996:
1960:
Evison, Gillian (1998). "The
Sanskrit Manuscripts of Sir William Jones in the Bodleian Library". In Murray, Alexander (ed.).
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published the
Sanskrit text of the play. Two years later he published an English translation of the play, under the title:
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2450:Śakoontalá or The Lost Ring: An Indian Drama Translated Into English Prose and Verse, From the Sanskṛit of Kálidása
2343:Śakoontalá or The Lost Ring: An Indian Drama Translated Into English Prose and Verse, From the Sanskṛit of Kálidása
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in 1912. Two years later he collaborated to an
English performance version of the play. The work was staged at the
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on India, performances of Kālidāsa's plays are rare. However, Internationally recognised
Kutiyattam artist and
390:'s plan to translate the work into German never materialised, but he did however publish a translation of the
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Sacontalá or The Fatal Ring: An Indian Drama by Cálidás, Translated From the
Original Sanskrit and Prakrit
711:, was published in 2005 and recorded in 2006. A scenic performance of this version was premièred in 2010.
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By the 18th century, Western poets were beginning to get acquainted with works of Indian literature and
2984:
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523:, was first performed in Paris in 1858. A plot summary of the play was printed in the score edition of
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that have been adapted to the silver screen in India and of them the most adapted (another being the
619:
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452:, who had been a student of Salieri until at least December of the same year, started composing his
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in 1789. In the next 100 years, there were at least 46 translations in twelve
European languages.
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244:. Abandoned at birth by her parents, Śakuntalā is reared in the secluded hermitage of the sage
2274:Śakuntalā, a Sanskrit Drama, in Seven Acts, by Kālidāsa: The Deva-Nāgari Recension of the Text
1942:
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Revised and enlarged edition of Prin. V. S. Apte's The practical
Sanskrit-English dictionary
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375:) and a French version of Jones' translation were published in 1791 and 1803 respectively.
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904:(1946), included a two part adaptation of the play and Kalidasa's life which aired on
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Plots similar to the play appear in earlier texts. There is a story mentioned in the
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1988:
Translating the Orient: The Reception of Sakuntala in Nineteenth-Century Europe
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Translating the Orient: The Reception of Sakuntala in Nineteenth-Century Europe
886:
449:
131:
99:
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1414:
1406:
Franz Schubert, thematisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke in chronologischer Folge
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in the 19th century, as popular Indian literature was deemed, in the words of
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2181:
1916:
925:
891:
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2012:
Sacountalâ: ballet-pantomime en deux actes, tiré du drame indien de Calidasá
280:
that she should remain with her husband. They then return to the hermitage.
251:
While Kaṇva and the other elders of the hermitage are away on a pilgrimage,
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921:
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839:
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520:
143:
2904:
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676:
662:
647:
547:, with a libretto based on Kālidāsa's play, premièred the same year. Also
403:
Wilt thou the blossoms of spring and the fruits that are later in season,
356:
Indian plaque depicting the story of Shakuntala, found in the treasury of
151:
is said to have laid the foundation of the dynasty that ultimately led to
2744:
2520:
2515:
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905:
811:
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he adopted a theatrical convention from the prologue of Kālidāsa's play.
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273:
256:
234:
138:
118:
2016:
1375:
602:'s incidental music for Kālidāsa's play, composed around 1886, is lost.
405:
Wilt thou have charms and delights, wilt thou have strength and support,
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was the first Indian drama to be translated into a Western language, by
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2794:
2739:
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913:
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wrote a song called "Garden of Sakuntala" which can be found on the CD
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357:
230:
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216:
113:
65:
37:
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was performed in Vienna in 1971. Another completion of the opera, by
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851:
778:
had its premiere at La MaMa E.T.C. in New York February 11–28, 2010.
555:, a choral work on a text by Carl Wittkowsky, was published in 1884.
252:
41:
2575:
2063:. Berkeley: University of California Press. Other on-line versions:
1811:"In pics: Samantha's stunning stills from the sets of 'Shakuntalam'"
1529:§ "Works without Opus Number" of List of works by Philipp Scharwenka
422:
was disapproved of as a text for school and college students in the
2718:
2717:
2607:
1905:"Samantha in director Gunasekhar's mythological film 'Shakuntalam'"
1516:
in: The American History and Encyclopedia of Music. Irving Squire,
1058:"महाभारत की शकुंतला और कालिदास के अभिज्ञान शाकुंतलम का किया चित्रण"
795:
468:
304:
300:
109:
2218:(1st ed.). Hertford: Stephen Austin. Other on-line versions:
1679:
from The Opera Critic on theoperacritic.com. Retrieved 8 May 2013
167:
Manuscripts differ on what its exact title is. Usual variants are
2764:
407:
Wilt thou with one short word encompass the earth and the heaven,
361:
268:
156:
2749:
2552:
1766:), Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala, 1999,
738:
395:
376:
285:
241:
238:
772:
2754:
1618:
1584:
1157:
1155:
977:
Literary Cultures in History: Reconstructions from South Asia
657:
289:
245:
2453:(8th ed.). London: Routledge. Other on-line versions:
1479:
1312:
Masks of Conquest: Literary Study and British Rule in India
1022:
878:, was an adaptation of the play by Indian theatre director
753:
106:
1152:
1075:
606:
would have composed a Shakuntala opera, on a libretto by
1786:
Indian Literature and Popular Cinema: Recasting Classics
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1220:. Paris: De Boccard. p. Plaque 87 (reconstruction).
199:. Titles of the play in published translations include
1640:
1114:
890:, a 1988 Indian historical drama television series by
798:). These films mostly under the title of the heroine (
379:
published an epigram about Shakuntala in 1791, and in
1431:
1235:
1233:
1231:
2499:
Kalidasa: Translations of Shakuntala and Other Works
1088:. Clay Sanskrit Library. NYU Press. pp. 20–21.
1023:
Satyamurti, C.; Doniger, W.; Dharwadker, V. (2015).
295:
In other versions, especially the one found in the '
1491:
1142:
1140:
1782:
1628:
1261:
1249:
983:
503:'s first opera, which premièred in 1853. In 1853
142:. A story of similar plot appear in the Buddhist
2946:
1866:"Bharat Ek Khoj | Episode-18 | Kālidāsa, Part—I"
1329:Manuela Jahrmärker and Thomas Aigner (editors),
1137:
774:featuring the music of Indian-American composer
2443:
2336:
2267:
2208:
1834:
1485:
1413:Series VIII: Supplement, Vol. 4). Kassel:
1161:
483:
1049:
760:has choreographed a Koodiyattam production of
2703:
2591:
1963:Sir William Jones, 1746-1794: A Commemoration
1902:
1325:
1323:
1321:
630:as Kaṇva (also director for the production),
414:
348:List of Sanskrit plays in English translation
248:, and grows up a comely but innocent maiden.
1081:
433:
125:
2060:Shakuntala: An acting version in three acts
1365:
1363:
1309:
916:and aired on the Indian television channel
771:An adaptation by the Magis Theatre Company
341:
2710:
2696:
2598:
2584:
2346:(1st ed.). Hertford: Stephen Austin.
2129:Frances W. Pritchett (Columbia University)
2052:
1646:
1318:
1055:
814:, 1931 by Mohan Dayaram Bhavnani, 1931 by
638:as Gautami, and Harold Meltzer as Matali.
185:pertaining to the recognition of Śakuntalā
2372:1872 (4th ed., London: Allen & Co.):
2119:1807 (pp. 363–532 in Vol. 9 of
2112:. Calcutta: J. Cooper. On-line versions:
2015:. Paris: V Jonas. Other on-line version:
1841:Directory of Indian Film-makers and Films
1449:Twenty-Third Season, 1903–1904: Programme
1184:
444:When Leopold Schefer became a student of
1984:
1598:"List of Works by Ignacy Jan Paderewski"
1360:
1314:. Oxford University Press. pp. 5–6.
1298:A History Of Ancient Sanskrit Literature
1279:
908:. A television series adaptation of the
351:
220:
31:
2389:1885 (New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.):
2005:
1783:Heidi R.M. Pauwels (17 December 2007).
1497:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1117:"Why Are Sanskrit Play Titles Strange?"
730:recapitulates the story of Shakuntala.
703:Fritz Racek's completion of Schubert's
687:
614:published a new English translation of
511:. A ballet version of Kālidāsa's play,
191:. The title is sometimes translated as
14:
2947:
1959:
1756:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1604:, Vol. 4, No. 2, Winter 2001
1581:List of works by Ignacy Jan Paderewski
1239:
996:. Penguin Books Limited. p. 101.
989:
394:version of Śakuntalā's story in 1808.
330:
193:The token-for-recognition of Śakuntalā
2691:
2605:
2579:
2492:
2188:
2177:Sakontala oder der entscheidende Ring
2170:
2104:
1903:Correspondent, Special (2021-01-02).
1634:
1568:, 7th edition. Leipzig: Hesse, 1909,
1543:at Pfohl-Woyrsch-Gesellschaft website
1471:No. 104 (Thursday 14 April 1853)
1267:
1255:
1210:
1174:Apte, Vaman Shivaram (1959). "भरतः".
1146:
944:
1385:
1173:
1167:
951:. Infobase Publishing. p. 222.
409:All is said if I name only, , thee.
187:, so a literal translation could be
2406:1895 (7th ed., London: Routledge):
948:Critical Companion to George Orwell
926:Pan India film from Telugu language
781:
24:
1985:Figueira, Dorothy Matilda (1991).
1056:Automation, Bhaskar (2019-06-13).
492:was the model for the libretto of
25:
3001:
2539:
1660:"Greenwich Village, "Shakuntala""
769:Harbourfront World Stage program.
641:
2965:Indian plays adapted into films
2881:(1898 Raja Ravi Varma painting)
2865:(1876 Raja Ravi Varma painting)
1896:
1876:
1858:
1828:
1803:
1776:
1721:
1698:
1682:
1670:
1652:
1607:
1590:
1574:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1509:Hubbard, William Lines (1908).
1503:
1458:
1303:
1289:
1204:
1115:Stephan Hillyer Levitt (2005),
1082:dasa, K.; Vasudeva, S. (2006).
1026:Mahabharata: A Modern Retelling
388:Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel
2570:Australian National University
2121:The Works of Sir William Jones
1716:Notes on Indian popular cinema
1224:Reconstruction by Claude Rapin
1108:
1085:The Recognition of ShakÂœntala
965:
938:
714:Norwegian electronic musician
595:. Translated in sandam style.
267:One day, the anger-prone sage
189:Of Śakuntalā who is recognized
13:
1:
1953:
1844:. Flicks Books. p. 181.
726:, the narrative of the movie
85:The Recognition of Shakuntala
2195:Sacontala, ou l'Anneau fatal
2134:Sacontalá; or the Fatal Ring
1371:Sakontala (8 june 2008)
1029:. W. W. Norton. p. 49.
762:The Recognition of Sakuntala
749:Nātyāchārya Vidūshakaratnam
593:Mahavidwan R.Raghava Iyengar
581:Tamil translations include:
484:New adaptations and editions
463: 701, in October 1820.
310:
18:The Recognition of Sakuntala
7:
2202:. Paris: Treuttel et Würtz.
2127:, London: John Stockdale):
1310:Viswanathan, Gauri (1989).
509:Śakoontalá or The Lost Ring
398:'s epigram goes like this:
369:Sacontalá or The Fatal Ring
210:
205:Śakoontalá or The Lost Ring
201:Sacontalá or The Fatal Ring
183:. The Sanskrit title means
112:, dramatizing the story of
10:
3006:
2524:2014 (The Floating Press,
2354:. Other on-line versions:
2281:. Other on-line versions:
1180:. Poona: Prasad Prakashan.
840:Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre
645:
437:
415:Education in British India
345:
334:
214:
129:
95:
2915:
2888:
2853:
2778:
2732:
2646:
2614:
2516:Online Library of Liberty
2114:1792 (3rd. ed., London):
1445:Boston Symphony Orchestra
1126:: 195–232, archived from
860:Kamalakara Kameshwara Rao
806:by Suchet Singh, 1920 by
622:in New York in 1919 with
620:Greenwich Village Theatre
434:Unfinished opera projects
126:Origin of Kālidāsa's play
27:Sanskrit play by Kālidāsa
2873:(1886 Claudel sculpture)
2508:Other on-line versions:
2277:(2nd ed.). Oxford:
1666:. May 1919. p. 276.
931:
788:classical Sanskrit plays
670:) in its first version (
663:La leggenda di Sakùntala
567:Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar
342:Introduction in the West
162:
40:Looking Back to Glimpse
2862:Shakuntala Patra-lekhan
2482:CS1 maint: postscript (
2445:Monier-Williams, Monier
2435:CS1 maint: postscript (
2338:Monier-Williams, Monier
2326:CS1 maint: postscript (
2269:Monier-Williams, Monier
2259:CS1 maint: postscript (
2210:Monier-Williams, Monier
2162:CS1 maint: postscript (
2096:CS1 maint: postscript (
2044:CS1 maint: postscript (
1968:Oxford University Press
1884:"Shakuntala in Gujarat"
1870:Prasar Bharati Archives
1677:Background to the opera
1378:.musicweb-international
680:in its second version (
668:The legend of Sakùntala
233:, daughter of the sage
2558:Stop animation version
1693:Edition Wilhelm Hansen
1647:Holme & Ryder 1914
1596:Małgorzata Perkowska.
1335:Johann Philipp Neumann
1211:Rapin, Claude (1992).
1124:Indologica Taurinensia
945:Quinn, Edward (2014).
901:The Discovery of India
834:by Jyotish Bannerjee,
558:Bengali translations:
531:, Op. 13 (1865).
505:Monier Monier-Williams
465:Johann Philipp Neumann
412:
365:
226:
91:The Sign of Shakuntala
68:: अभिज्ञानशाकुन्तलम्,
56:
2975:Ancient Indian dramas
2549:- Transliterated text
2136:at English Wikisource
2132:1870 reprint London:
1727:Das Bhargavinilayam,
1541:Felix Woyrsch – Werke
1369:Margarida Mota-Bull.
786:It is one of the few
692:Chinese translation:
604:Ignacy Jan Paderewski
400:
355:
346:Further information:
288:, and is rewarded by
224:
197:The Sign of Śakuntalā
35:
2970:Ancient Indian poems
2547:Abhijnana Sakuntalam
2504:J.M. Dent & Sons
1970:. pp. 123–142.
1764:Mani Madhava Chakyar
1718:by Philip Lutgendorf
1705:Ram Teri Ganga Maili
1602:Polish Music Journal
1486:Monier-Williams 1853
1411:New Schubert Edition
1399:, with revisions by
1162:Monier-Williams 1855
758:Māni Mādhava Chākyār
728:Ram Teri Ganga Maili
688:Further developments
576:Abanindranath Tagore
225:Crying of Shakuntala
1762:(biography of Guru
990:Debroy, B. (2015).
928:based on the play.
822:, 1932 Hindi film,
808:Shree Nath Patankar
802:) include ones in:
776:Rudresh Mahanthappa
709:Karl Aage Rasmussen
515:, on a libretto by
476:left an incomplete
337:Sanskrit literature
331:Sanskrit literature
229:The protagonist is
181:Abhijñānaśākuntalam
177:Abhijñānaśakuntalam
96:many other variants
74:Abhijñānaśākuntalam
61:Abhijñānaśākuntalam
2990:Works about queens
2200:Bruguière, Antoine
2007:Gautier, Théophile
1941:has generic name (
1710:2011-12-28 at the
1466:Allgemeine Zeitung
1397:Otto Erich Deutsch
634:as King Duṣyanta,
549:Philipp Scharwenka
533:Sigismund Bachrich
519:and with music by
366:
364:, 2nd century BCE.
276:that he gave her.
227:
173:Abhijñānaśākuntala
169:Abhijñānaśakuntalā
57:
2985:Works about kings
2960:Works by Kalidasa
2942:
2941:
2685:
2684:
2623:Mālavikāgnimitram
2562:Patrick McCartney
2521:Project Gutenberg
2472:|postscript=
2469:External link in
2455:Project Gutenberg
2425:|postscript=
2422:External link in
2316:|postscript=
2313:External link in
2249:|postscript=
2246:External link in
2184:. Mainz: Fischer.
2152:|postscript=
2149:External link in
2086:|postscript=
2083:External link in
2034:|postscript=
2031:External link in
2017:Project Gutenberg
1998:978-0-7914-0327-3
1851:978-0-948911-40-8
1796:978-1-134-06255-3
1689:Sakontala (score)
1095:978-0-8147-8815-8
1036:978-0-393-24645-2
1003:978-81-8475-388-2
724:Philip Lutgendorf
624:Beatrice Prentice
541:Felix Weingartner
517:Théophile Gautier
440:Sakuntala (opera)
428:Charles Trevelyan
325:Sir William Jones
116:told in the epic
76:), also known as
16:(Redirected from
2997:
2927:(1945 epic poem)
2814:(1965 Malayalam)
2727:(4th century CE)
2712:
2705:
2698:
2689:
2688:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2577:
2576:
2512:Internet Archive
2507:
2494:Ryder, Arthur W.
2487:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2457:
2440:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2410:
2408:Internet Archive
2391:Internet Archive
2374:Internet Archive
2365:Internet Archive
2361:Internet Archive
2359:1856 (3rd ed.):
2331:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2301:
2291:Internet Archive
2287:Internet Archive
2283:Internet Archive
2264:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2234:
2224:Internet Archive
2220:Internet Archive
2203:
2198:. Translated by
2185:
2180:. Translated by
2167:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2137:
2116:Internet Archive
2101:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2071:
2055:Ryder, Arthur W.
2049:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2019:
2002:
1981:
1947:
1946:
1940:
1936:
1934:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1780:
1774:
1761:
1755:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1735:. Archived from
1729:Mani Madhaveeyam
1725:
1719:
1702:
1696:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1664:Theatre Magazine
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1611:
1605:
1594:
1588:
1578:
1572:
1567:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1531:at IMSLP website
1526:
1520:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1462:
1456:
1454:pp. 125–128
1442:
1429:
1427:pp. 411–413
1394:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1367:
1358:
1327:
1316:
1315:
1307:
1301:
1293:
1287:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
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1226:
1221:
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1202:
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1132:
1121:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
987:
981:
969:
963:
962:
942:
912:was produced by
896:Jawaharlal Nehru
820:Sarvottam Badami
782:Film adaptations
539:ballet in 1884.
502:
494:Karl von Perfall
261:sacrificial fire
21:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2935:(2009 Hindi TV)
2911:
2900:(1820 Schubert)
2884:
2849:
2838:(2022 Sanskrit)
2774:
2728:
2716:
2686:
2681:
2642:
2637:Vikramōrvaśīyam
2610:
2604:
2542:
2523:
2518:
2509:
2481:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2434:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2405:
2388:
2371:
2358:
2325:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2303:
2302:
2279:Clarendon Press
2258:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2161:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2125:Lord Teignmouth
2118:
2113:
2095:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2053:Holme, Garnet;
2043:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2021:
2020:
1999:
1978:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1938:
1937:
1928:
1927:
1921:
1919:
1901:
1897:
1889:Telegraph India
1882:
1881:
1877:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1836:Sanjit Narwekar
1833:
1829:
1820:
1818:
1815:The News Minute
1809:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1781:
1777:
1749:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1733:"Archived copy"
1731:
1726:
1722:
1712:Wayback Machine
1703:
1699:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1645:
1641:
1633:
1629:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1595:
1591:
1579:
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1561:
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1547:
1539:
1535:
1527:
1523:
1508:
1504:
1496:
1492:
1484:
1480:
1463:
1459:
1443:
1432:
1401:Werner Aderhold
1395:
1386:
1374:
1368:
1361:
1350:Vol. 15).
1333:(composer) and
1328:
1319:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1290:
1278:
1274:
1266:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1238:
1229:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1199:complete review
1189:
1185:
1172:
1168:
1160:
1153:
1145:
1138:
1130:
1119:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1080:
1076:
1067:
1065:
1054:
1050:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1021:
1017:
1008:
1006:
1004:
993:The Mahabharata
988:
984:
972:Sheldon Pollock
970:
966:
959:
943:
939:
934:
872:television film
844:Bhupen Hazarika
784:
722:. According to
696:沙恭达罗 (1956) by
690:
650:
644:
636:Grace Henderson
632:Joseph Macauley
612:Arthur W. Ryder
527:'s Overture to
496:
486:
446:Antonio Salieri
442:
436:
417:
411:
408:
406:
404:
350:
344:
339:
333:
313:
219:
213:
165:
134:
128:
102:by the ancient
53:Raja Ravi Varma
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3003:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2955:Sanskrit plays
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2928:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2901:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2874:
2866:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2807:
2799:
2791:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2715:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2662:Kumārasambhava
2658:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2603:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2566:Annie McCarthy
2555:
2541:
2540:External links
2538:
2537:
2536:
2519:1928 reprint:
2510:1920 reprint:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2190:Jones, William
2186:
2182:Forster, Georg
2172:Jones, William
2106:Jones, William
2102:
2050:
2003:
1997:
1991:. SUNY Press.
1982:
1976:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1895:
1875:
1872:. 5 June 2020.
1857:
1850:
1827:
1802:
1795:
1775:
1720:
1697:
1681:
1669:
1651:
1639:
1627:
1614:Catulle Mendès
1606:
1589:
1573:
1545:
1533:
1521:
1502:
1490:
1478:
1457:
1430:
1384:
1359:
1348:Series II
1337:(librettist).
1331:Franz Schubert
1317:
1302:
1288:
1272:
1260:
1248:
1227:
1203:
1193:of Figueira's
1183:
1166:
1151:
1136:
1107:
1094:
1074:
1062:Dainik Bhaskar
1048:
1035:
1015:
1002:
982:
964:
958:978-1438108735
957:
936:
935:
933:
930:
887:Bharat Ek Khoj
783:
780:
701:
700:
689:
686:
646:Main article:
643:
642:Alfano's opera
640:
626:as Śakuntalā,
608:Catulle Mendès
597:
596:
579:
578:
569:
485:
482:
474:Václav Tomášek
450:Franz Schubert
435:
432:
416:
413:
401:
343:
340:
332:
329:
312:
309:
212:
209:
164:
161:
132:Sanskrit drama
127:
124:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3002:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2908:(1921 Alfano)
2907:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2846:(2023 Telugu)
2845:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:(1966 Telugu)
2829:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2790:(1920 silent)
2789:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
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2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2726:
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2720:
2713:
2708:
2706:
2701:
2699:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
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2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2601:
2596:
2594:
2589:
2587:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2478:
2463:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2431:
2416:
2409:
2404:
2403:Johns Hopkins
2400:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2322:
2307:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
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2280:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2255:
2240:
2233:
2229:
2225:
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2217:
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2211:
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2196:
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2187:
2183:
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2169:
2168:
2165:
2158:
2143:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2077:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2040:
2025:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1944:
1932:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1861:
1853:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1798:
1792:
1789:. Routledge.
1788:
1787:
1779:
1773:
1772:81-86365-78-8
1769:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1739:on 2008-02-15
1738:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1678:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1648:
1643:
1636:
1631:
1624:
1621:.artlyriquefr
1615:
1610:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1564:wikisource:de
1560:
1559:
1558:Musik-Lexikon
1554:
1553:Riemann, Hugo
1549:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1525:
1519:
1515:
1514:, Vol. 2
1513:
1506:
1499:
1494:
1487:
1482:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1428:
1424:
1423:9783761805718
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1381:
1372:
1366:
1364:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1313:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1295:Mueller, Max
1292:
1285:
1281:
1280:Figueira 1991
1276:
1269:
1264:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1225:
1216:
1215:
1207:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1179:
1178:
1170:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1133:on 2011-07-22
1129:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1097:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1038:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1019:
1005:
999:
995:
994:
986:
979:
978:
973:
968:
960:
954:
950:
949:
941:
937:
929:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
902:
897:
893:
892:Shyam Benegal
889:
888:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
779:
777:
773:
770:
765:
763:
759:
756:
755:
752:
746:
745:
740:
736:
731:
729:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
699:
695:
694:
693:
685:
683:
679:
678:
674:) and simply
673:
669:
665:
664:
659:
655:
654:Franco Alfano
649:
639:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
600:Felix Woyrsch
594:
590:
587:
584:
583:
582:
577:
573:
570:
568:
564:
561:
560:
559:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:Karl Goldmark
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
500:
495:
491:
481:
479:
475:
470:
466:
462:
458:
456:
451:
447:
441:
431:
429:
425:
421:
410:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:
378:
374:
373:Georg Forster
370:
363:
359:
354:
349:
338:
328:
326:
322:
318:
308:
306:
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
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236:
232:
223:
218:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
160:
158:
154:
150:
145:
141:
140:
133:
123:
121:
120:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
100:Sanskrit play
97:
93:
92:
87:
86:
81:
80:
75:
71:
67:
63:
62:
54:
50:
49:
45:, scene from
44:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
2930:
2922:
2903:
2895:
2876:
2868:
2860:
2843:Shaakuntalam
2841:
2833:
2825:
2822:(1961 Hindi)
2817:
2809:
2806:(1943 Hindi)
2801:
2798:(1940 Tamil)
2793:
2785:
2723:
2722:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2546:
2534:Google Books
2498:
2449:
2386:Google Books
2382:Google Books
2378:Google Books
2342:
2295:Google Books
2273:
2228:Google Books
2214:
2194:
2176:
2123:, edited by
2120:
2109:
2059:
2011:
1987:
1962:
1920:. Retrieved
1908:
1898:
1887:
1878:
1860:
1840:
1830:
1819:. Retrieved
1817:. 2021-03-16
1814:
1805:
1785:
1778:
1741:. Retrieved
1737:the original
1728:
1723:
1715:
1700:
1684:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1642:
1630:
1609:
1601:
1592:
1576:
1570:p. 1037
1557:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1511:
1505:
1498:Gautier 1858
1493:
1481:
1475:p. 1662
1464:
1460:
1448:
1404:
1403:and others.
1338:
1311:
1305:
1297:
1291:
1275:
1263:
1251:
1213:
1206:
1194:
1186:
1176:
1169:
1128:the original
1123:
1110:
1099:. Retrieved
1084:
1077:
1066:. Retrieved
1061:
1051:
1040:. Retrieved
1025:
1018:
1007:. Retrieved
992:
985:
976:
974:(ed., 2003)
967:
947:
940:
922:Shaakuntalam
899:
885:
884:
880:Vijaya Mehta
875:
828:Ellis Dungan
799:
792:Mṛcchakatikā
785:
766:
761:
748:
744:Natyashastra
742:
732:
719:
713:
704:
702:
691:
675:
667:
661:
656:composed an
651:
628:Frank Conroy
615:
598:
588:
585:
580:
571:
562:
557:
552:
544:
536:
528:
521:Ernest Reyer
512:
508:
489:
487:
477:
454:
443:
419:
418:
402:
391:
382:
368:
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320:
314:
294:
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278:
266:
250:
228:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
166:
144:Jātaka tales
137:
135:
117:
90:
89:
84:
83:
78:
77:
73:
60:
59:
58:
46:
36:
29:
2980:Magic rings
2745:Vishvamitra
2399:Hathi Trust
2395:Hathi Trust
2369:Hathi Trust
2356:Hathi Trust
2299:Hathi Trust
2232:Hathi Trust
2069:Hathi Trust
2065:Hathi Trust
1939:|last=
1562: [
1555:(editor).
1518:p. 418
1415:Bärenreiter
1352:Bärenreiter
1282:, pp.
1242:, pp.
1240:Evison 1998
906:DD National
876:Shakuntalam
812:Fatma Begum
735:Koodiyattam
716:Amethystium
591:(1938) by
589:Sakuntalam
535:composed a
497: [
488:Kālidāsa's
424:British Raj
392:Mahābhārata
297:Mahābhārata
274:signet ring
257:Hastināpura
139:Mahābhārata
119:Mahābhārata
51:painted by
2949:Categories
2932:Shakuntala
2924:Shakuntala
2878:Shakuntala
2835:Sakuntalam
2827:Sakunthala
2811:Shakuntala
2803:Shakuntala
2795:Sakuntalai
2787:Shakuntala
2740:Shakuntala
2733:Characters
2724:Shakuntala
2669:Ṛtusaṃhāra
2655:Raghuvaṃśa
2630:Shakuntala
2568:(from the
2530:1776535138
2502:. London:
1977:0199201900
1954:References
1922:2023-02-20
1821:2021-03-19
1743:2008-02-15
1635:Ryder 1912
1356:p. IX
1268:Jones 1803
1256:Jones 1791
1147:Jones 1789
1101:2019-07-26
1068:2019-07-26
1064:(in Hindi)
1042:2019-07-26
1009:2019-07-26
924:is a 2023
914:Sagar Arts
868:Gunasekhar
842:, 1961 by
818:, 1932 by
816:J.J. Madan
810:, 1929 by
800:Shakuntala
751:Padma Shri
698:Ji Xianlin
616:Shakuntala
574:(1895) by
572:Shakuntala
565:(1854) by
563:Shakuntala
513:Sacountalâ
467:based the
438:See also:
420:Shakuntala
358:Ai-Khanoum
335:See also:
321:Shakuntala
317:philosophy
255:, king of
235:Viśvāmitra
217:Shakuntala
215:See also:
130:See also:
79:Shakuntala
66:Devanagari
48:Shakuntala
2905:Sakùntala
2897:Sakuntala
2870:Sakuntala
2760:Dushyanta
2676:Meghadūta
2606:Works by
2462:cite book
2415:cite book
2306:cite book
2239:cite book
2142:cite book
2076:cite book
2024:cite book
1931:cite news
1917:0971-751X
1909:The Hindu
1340:Sacontala
920:in 2009.
910:same name
894:based on
874:, titled
852:Kunchacko
705:Sakontala
677:Sakùntala
648:Sakùntala
553:Sakuntala
545:Sakuntala
543:'s opera
537:Sakuntala
529:Sakuntala
490:Śakuntalā
478:Sakuntala
455:Sakuntala
311:Reception
231:Śakuntalā
114:Śakuntalā
38:Śakuntalā
2719:Kalidasa
2608:Kālidāsa
2496:(1912).
2447:(1898).
2352:58897839
2340:(1855).
2271:(1876).
2212:(1853).
2192:(1803).
2174:(1791).
2108:(1789).
2057:(1914).
2009:(1858).
1838:(1994).
1752:cite web
1708:Archived
1417:, 1978.
1354:, 2008,
1201:website.
918:Star One
796:Shudraka
747:scholar
720:Aphelion
660:, named
652:Italian
469:libretto
305:Pāṇḍavas
301:Kauravas
253:Duṣyanta
237:and the
211:Synopsis
157:Pāṇḍavas
153:Kaūravas
110:Kālidāsa
42:Duṣyanta
2770:Bharata
2765:Durvasa
1695:website
1587:website
1244:132–135
1197:at the
480:opera.
362:Bactria
269:Durvāsa
149:Bharata
98:, is a
2750:Menaka
2647:Poetry
2553:GRETIL
2528:
2350:
1995:
1974:
1915:
1848:
1793:
1770:
1512:Operas
1421:
1191:Review
1092:
1033:
1000:
980:, p.79
955:
862:, and
739:Kerala
586:Abigna
396:Goethe
377:Goethe
286:Asuras
242:Menakā
239:apsara
104:Indian
94:, and
2916:Other
2889:Opera
2819:Stree
2779:Films
2755:Kanva
2615:Drama
1585:IMSLP
1566:]
1284:19–20
1222:also
1218:(PDF)
1131:(PDF)
1120:(PDF)
932:Notes
658:opera
501:]
457:opera
383:Faust
290:Indra
246:Kaṇva
163:Title
2564:and
2526:ISBN
2484:link
2477:help
2437:link
2430:help
2348:OCLC
2328:link
2321:help
2261:link
2254:help
2164:link
2157:help
2098:link
2091:help
2046:link
2039:help
1993:ISBN
1972:ISBN
1943:help
1913:ISSN
1846:ISBN
1791:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1758:link
1419:ISBN
1380:.com
1090:ISBN
1031:ISBN
998:ISBN
953:ISBN
870:. A
864:2022
856:1966
848:1965
836:1943
832:1941
824:1940
804:1920
754:Guru
682:1952
672:1921
381:his
303:and
203:and
179:and
155:and
107:poet
70:IAST
2854:Art
2721:'s
2560:by
2551:at
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1600:in
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